Curriculum Vitae
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Natural Resource Management Among Small-Scale Farmers in Semi-Arid Lands: Building on Traditional Knowledge and Agroecology
Annals of Arid Zone 44(3&4): 365-385, 2005 Natural Resource Management among Small-scale Farmers in Semi-arid Lands: Building on Traditional Knowledge and Agroecology Miguel A. Altieri1 and Vìctor M. Toledo2 1 Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, USA 2 Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autònoma de Mèxico Abstract: Although risk and uncertainty dominate the lives of most rural inhabitants of the semi-arid regions of the world, many farmers have been able to develop durable farming systems through the use of innovative soil and water management systems and the use of locally adapted crop species and varieties. In this paper we provide examples of farming systems developed by traditional farmers well adapted to the local conditions of the semi-arid environment, enabling farmers to generate sustained yields meeting their subsistence needs, despite harsh conditions and low use of external inputs. Part of this performance is linked to the ingenious soil and water conservation systems but also to the high levels of agrobiodiversity exhibited by traditional agroecosystems, which in turn positively influences agroecosystem function. We also give examples of projects aimed at assisting rainfed resource-poor farmers in the development of a variety of practical techniques and strategies to enhance production and resiliency in the midst of resource constraints typical of semi-arid environments. Many of these efforts use elements of modern science but that build upon -
The Natural Place to Begin: the Ethnoprimatology of the Waorani
American Journal of Primatology 75:1117–1128 (2013) RESEARCH ARTICLE The Natural Place to Begin: The Ethnoprimatology of the Waorani 1,2 1 3 SARAH PAPWORTH *, E.J. MILNER‐GULLAND , AND KATIE SLOCOMBE 1Division of Ecology and Evolution, Imperial College, Ascot, United Kingdom 2Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom 3Department of Psychology, University of York, York, United Kingdom Ethnoprimatology is an important and growing discipline, studying the diverse relationships between humans and primates. However there is a danger that too great a focus on primates as important to humans may obscure the importance of other animal groups to local people. The Waorani of Amazonian Ecuador were described by Sponsel [Sponsel (1997) New World Primates: Ecology, evolution and behavior. New York: Aldine de Gruyter. p 143–165] as the “natural place” for ethnoprimatology, because of their close relationship to primates, including primates forming a substantial part of their diet. Therefore they are an ideal group in which to examine contemporary perceptions of primates in comparison to other types of animal. We examine how Waorani living in Yasuní National Park name and categorize primates and other common mammals. Although there is some evidence that the Waorani consider primates a unique group, the non‐primate kinkajou and olingo are also included as part of the group “monkeys,” and no evidence was found that primates were more important than other mammals to Waorani culture. Instead, a small number of key species, in particular the woolly monkey (Lagothrix poeppigii) and white‐lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), were found to be both important in the diet and highly culturally salient. -
Designing Agroecological Transitions; a Review Michel Duru, Olivier Therond, Mehand Fares
Designing agroecological transitions; A review Michel Duru, Olivier Therond, Mehand Fares To cite this version: Michel Duru, Olivier Therond, Mehand Fares. Designing agroecological transitions; A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Springer Verlag/EDP Sciences/INRA, 2015, 35 (4), pp.0. 10.1007/s13593-015-0318-x. hal-01340332 HAL Id: hal-01340332 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01340332 Submitted on 30 Jun 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Agron. Sustain. Dev. (2015) 35:1237–1257 DOI 10.1007/s13593-015-0318-x REVIEW ARTICLE Designing agroecological transitions; A review Michel Duru1,2 & Olivier Therond1,2 & M’hand Fares1,2 Accepted: 28 May 2015 /Published online: 1 July 2015 # INRA and Springer-Verlag France 2015. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Concerns about the negative impacts of agriculture, (2) the pathway of the transition and (3) the re- productivist agriculture have led to the emergence of two quired adaptive governance structures and management strat- forms of ecological modernisation of agriculture. The first, egies. We conclude by analysing key challenges of designing efficiency-substitution agriculture, aims to improve input use such a complex transition, developing multi-actor and multi- efficiency and to minimise environmental impacts of modern domain approaches based on a combination of scientific and farming systems. -
Ethnoecology and Conservation, Spring 2015, J
ETHNOECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION, SPRING 2015, J. R. STEPP, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1 Ethnoecology and Conservation LAS 6290/ANT 6930/ANT4930 M periods 6-8 (12:50 pm-3:20 pm) GRINTER HALL 376 Instructor: Richard Stepp Office Hours: 9-12 pm Monday or by appointment Office phone: 392-0299 Ethnoecology is the study of the dynamic relationships between people, biota and the environment. This seminar will provide an overview along with an emphasis on how indigenous and small scale societies know and utilize natural resources and the implications for conservation and development. It will also explore tensions between small-scale societies and big conservation and exclusionary protected areas. Additionally, the course will explore useful research skills and methods for students desiring to add an ethnoecological component to their existing or future research. Case studies will be examined from all over the tropics and world. Readings and discussions in the course will draw from both the social sciences and the biological sciences. The course is part of the interdisciplinary TCD (Tropical Conservation and Development) core curriculum, although students from any discipline are welcome and encouraged to take the course. There are no prerequisites needed. Texts There are 3 required texts for the course: 1) Anderson, E. et al.(eds) 2011. Ethnobiology. Wiley-Blackwell. 2) Dowie, M. 2009. Conservation Refugees: The Hundred Year Conflict between Global Conservation and Native Peoples. MIT Press. 3) Stevens, S. (ed.) 2014. Indigenous Peoples, National Parks, and Protected Areas: A New Paradigm Linking Conservation, Culture, and Rights. U Arizona Press. Additional readings will be made available through the class email listserv as pdf files at least 1 week prior to discussion. -
Scaling up Agroecology to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals
SCALING UP AGROECOLOGY TO ACHIEVE THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS 2ND FAO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AGROECOLOGY By Kim Assaël From 3 to 5 April 2018 FAO has hosted the 2nd International Symposium on Agroecology: Scaling-up Agroecology to achieve the (SDGs). Building on the first Symposium and the subsequent regional workshops, the Symposium on Agroecology focused the transition of Agroecology from dialogue to action, by sharing ideas and experiences, while discussing policies and actions that can support agroecology in achieving the SDGs and accompany the decade of Family Farming (2019-2028) and the Decade of Action on Nutrition (2016-2025). About 400 participants were attended, from policy- makers and governments, agroecology practitioners and civil society representatives, to members from academia and research, the private sector and representatives from the regional meetings. Even with it almost 700 were the effective participants and plenary rooms have been changed at the last minute to make space to all participants. Key elements and actions to support scaling up agroecology have been intensively discussed as the multiple benefits of agroecology are an important path for meeting the 2030 Agenda objectives and addressing the interlinked challenges. The key facts underpinning the big advantages of agroecology are summarized in the FAO website: Agroecology relies on ecosystem services to improve productivity. The knowledge and practices of farmers and food producers from all over the world are at the core of agroecology. Agroecology can address the root causes of hunger, poverty and inequality. Agroecology combines farmers’ knowledge with modern science in innovative ways. Agroecology provides local solutions for global challenges. -
Agroecology What It Is and What It Has to Offer
Agroecology What it is and what it has to offer Laura Silici Issue Paper Food and agriculture Keywords: June 2014 Agroecology, Small-scale farming, Food sovereignty, Agro-biodiversity About the authors Laura Silici, Researcher, IIED Natural Resources Group, Agroecology team [email protected] Acknowledgements The author is extremely grateful to Barbara Adolph, Krystyna Swiderska and Seth Cook (IIED) for their significant contributions to the draft; to Patrick Mulvany (UK Food Group) and Bruce Ferguson (El Colegio de la Frontera Sur) for reviewing the paper; and to Fiona Hinchcliffe for her valuable editorial advice. Produced by IIED’s Natural Resources Group The aim of the Natural Resources Group is to build partnerships, capacity and wise decision-making for fair and sustainable use of natural resources. Our priority in pursuing this purpose is on local control and management of natural resources and other ecosystems. Published by IIED, June 2014 Laura Silici, 2014. Agroecology: What it is and what it has to offer. IIED Issue Paper. IIED, London. Product code: 14629IIED ISBN: 978-1-78431-065-3 Printed on recycled paper with vegetable-based inks. Photo credit: CIMMYT using Creative Commons International Institute for Environment and Development 80-86 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8NH, UK Tel: +44 (0)20 3463 7399 Fax: +44 (0)20 3514 9055 email: [email protected] www.iied.org @iied www.facebook.com/theIIED Download more publications at www.iied.org/pubs ISSUE PAPER In a context of a changing climate and growing concerns for more healthy food systems, agroecology is gaining momentum as a scientific discipline, sustainable farming approach and social movement. -
PROMOTING AGROECOLOGY the Most Effective Way to Achieve Sustainable Food Security and Nutrition for All in a Changing Climate
© Tine Frank - Soudan du Sud Frank Tine © PROMOTING AGROECOLOGY The most effective way to achieve sustainable food security and nutrition for all in a changing climate In 2017, at least 795 million people are facing chronic food This food system doesn’t address the joint challenges of food insecurity and half of the world’s population suffers from and nutrition security and climate change. Instead of this, it has malnutrition, while the total agriculture output produces enough a great responsibility in environmental degradation, collapse calories to feed 12 billion1. of biodiversity, pressure on natural resources, greenhouse gas emissions. It also has tremendous social impacts such as the loss Small scale farmers produce 80% of our food2 but remain the of traditional and locally adapted know-hows; concentration of most affected by food and nutrition insecurity and are the least wealth, exclusion of the most vulnerable, non-communicable supported by their governments. diseases and malnutrition in its different forms3. Climate change adds a new set of threats to food security: increased Agroecology proposes a comprehensive answer to these frequency of natural disasters, changes in local climate conditions, challenges and contributes to the realization of the Right to Food increased intensity of cyclical meteorological events, accelerated by offering a new basis for sustainable food systems, resilient desertification, floods, submersion, heat and cold waves, new pests agricultural livelihoods and good nutrition. and diseases. These phenomena will reduce crop productivity and nutrient density of crops. In this context, small scale farmers, infant children and women in particular, and the poorest, are the Therefore, Action Against Hunger stands for the promotion most vulnerable. -
Agroecology and the Search for a Truly Sustainable Agriculture 1St Edition
Agroecology and the Search for a Truly Sustainable Agriculture 1st edition Miguel A. Altieri Clara I. Nicholls University of California, Berkeley 9 Basic Textbooks for Environmental Training First edition: 2000 (Spanish version) First edition: 2005 (English version) © United Nations Environment Programme Environmental Training Network for Latin America and the Caribbean Boulevard de los Virreyes 155, Colonia Lomas de Virreyes 11000, Mexico D.F., Mexico ISBN 968-7913-35-5 CONTENTS PREFACE 5 INTRODUCTION 9 Chapter 1 MODERN AGRICULTURE: ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS AND THE ALTERNATIVES TO CONVENTIONAL FARMING 13 Chapter 2 AGROECOLOGY: PRINCIPLES AND STRATEGIES FOR DISIGNING SUSTAINABLE FARMING SYSTEMS 29 Chapter 3 TEN REASONS WHY BIOTECHNOLOGY WILL NOT ENSURE FOOD SECURITY, PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT AND REDUCE POVERTY IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD 39 Chapter 4 THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF TRANSGENIC CROPS 53 Chapter 5 A DIALOGUE OF WISDOMS: LINKING ECOLOGISTS AND TRADITIONAL FARMERS IN THE SEARCH FOR A TRULY SUSTAINABLE A GRICULTURE 73 Chapter 6 AGROECOLOGY: THE SCIENCE OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR POOR FARMERS IN MARGINAL ENVIRONMENTS 99 Chapter 7 ENHANCING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF LATIN A MERICAN T RADITIONAL PEASANT FARMING SYSTEMS THROUGH AN A GROECOLOGICAL A PPROACH 145 Chapter 8 BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN AGROECOSYSTEMS THROUGH MANAGEMENT OF ENTOMOPHAGOUS INSECTS 179 Chapter 9 AN AGROECOLOGICAL BASIS FOR INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT 199 Chapter 10 DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING A HABITAT MANAGEMENT STRATEGY TO ENHANCE BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL IN AGROECOLOGY 239 Chapter 11 AGROECOLOGY: TRANSITIONING ORGANIC AGRICULTURE BEYOND INPUT SUBSTITUTION 263 Cahpter 12 A RAPID, FARMER-FRIENDLY AGROECOLOGICAL METHOD TO ESTIMATE SOIL QUALITY AND CROP HEALTH IN VINEYARD SYSTEMS 277 PrefacePreface Environmental education and training is the process whereby new knowledge and practices evolve to understand and to intervene in the solution of the complex socio-environmental problems of our time. -
An Earthly Cosmology
Forum on Religion and Ecology Indigenous Traditions and Ecology Annotated Bibliography Abram, David. Becoming Animal: An Earthly Cosmology. New York and Canada: Vintage Books, 2011. As the climate veers toward catastrophe, the innumerable losses cascading through the biosphere make vividly evident the need for a metamorphosis in our relation to the living land. For too long we’ve ignored the wild intelligence of our bodies, taking our primary truths from technologies that hold the living world at a distance. Abram’s writing subverts this distance, drawing readers ever closer to their animal senses in order to explore, from within, the elemental kinship between the human body and the breathing Earth. The shape-shifting of ravens, the erotic nature of gravity, the eloquence of thunder, the pleasures of being edible: all have their place in this book. --------. The Spell of the Sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-than-Human World. New York: Vintage, 1997. Abram argues that “we are human only in contact, and conviviality, with what is not human” (p. ix). He supports this premise with empirical information, sensorial experience, philosophical reflection, and the theoretical discipline of phenomenology and draws on Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy of perception as reciprocal exchange in order to illuminate the sensuous nature of language. Additionally, he explores how Western civilization has lost this perception and provides examples of cultures in which the “landscape of language” has not been forgotten. The environmental crisis is central to Abram’s purpose and despite his critique of the consequences of a written culture, he maintains the importance of literacy and encourages the release of its true potency. -
AGROECOLOGY: the Bold Future of Farming in Africa
AGROECOLOGY The Bold Future of Farming in Africa ! Agroecology: The Bold Future of Farming in Africa • 1 “If anyone still entertained doubts as to the benefits of agroecology and as to whether it can meet the challenges of this century, this collection of essays provides a compelling answer.” Olivier De Schutter, Co-Chair of IPES-Food and Former UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food “There could not have been a more opportune time to publish Agroecology: The Bold Future of Farming in Africa.” Hans R Herren, World Food Prize (1995) and Right Livelihood (2013) Laureate. “It would be unscientific to ignore this evidence. The future of Africa’s agriculture lies in the hands and minds of Africa’s ecological farmers.” “The evidence and case studies Dr Vandana Shiva, Founder of in this report point to one Navdanya, Author of The Violence of the Green Revolution, Stolen inevitable conclusion: African Harvest, Who Really Feeds farmers hold the keys to the World. unlocking the potential of agroecological farming systems for improved nutrition, livelihoods, and biodiversity.” Jennifer Astone, Executive Director, Swift Foundation “Agroecology is the most important word no one knows: It represents a proven way of growing food that is best for people, the planet and the climate.” Anna Lappe, Small Planet Institute Cover Photo: Drought resistant pearl millet for resilience. Photo: Mwanzo Millinga Photo:2 • Agroecology: Kerry Farrelly The Bold Future of Farming in Africa AGROECOLOGY: The Bold Future of Farming in Africa With contributions from: Case studies from: Miguel Altieri TRAX, Ghana Mariann Bassey BERMA, Kenya Nnimmo Bassey Never Ending Food, Malawi Million Belay Send a Cow, Ethiopia Lim Li Ching Ruzivo Trust, Zimbabwe Steve Gliessman G BIACK, Kenya Bernard Y. -
Urban Socio-Biodiversity: Ethnoecology of Cities
® Bioremediation, Biodiversity and Bioavailability ©2011 Global Science Books Urban Socio-biodiversity: Ethnoecology of Cities Emmanuel Duarte Almada Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais, Rua dos Flamboyants 155, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz CEP 13083-867 Campinas – São Paulo, Brazil Corresponding author : * [email protected] ABSTRACT The process of urbanization experienced by mankind over the past several decades creates new scenarios for ethnoecology research. Not only has the urban population already exceeded the rural population in numbers, but material and symbolic urban-industrial elements have also spread over the earth’s surface. This article seeks to reflect on new ways in which to investigate ecological knowledge within this novel scenario. To do so requires going beyond the dichotomies of natural/artificial, rural/urban that currently hinder our comprehension of this field of study. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Keywords: hybrid spaces, urban ecology, urbanization, urban sociology CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 THE URBAN ECOSYSTEM ........................................................................................................................................................................ 2 The city in history..................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections and Their Relevance to Anthropology
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Ecological and Environmental Anthropology Wildlife Damage Management, Internet Center (University of Georgia) for November 2006 Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections and Their Relevance to Anthropology Agustin Fuentes University of Notre Dame Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdmeea Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Fuentes, Agustin, "Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections and Their Relevance to Anthropology" (2006). Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia). 1. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdmeea/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Wildlife Damage Management, Internet Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia) by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Vol. 2, No. 2 Ecological and Environmental Anthropology 2006 Articles Human-Nonhuman Primate Interconnections and Their Relevance to Anthropology Agustín Fuentes The human-nonhuman primate interface is a core component in conservation and an emerging area of discourse across anthropology. There is a growing recognition of the relevance of long-term sympatry between human and nonhuman primates. Until recently these relationships received limited attention in the anthropological literature and in the primatological construction of models for the behavior and evolution of primate societies. Most socioecological investigations into primate groups and human populations do not incorporate their interactions (beyond predation or crop raiding), potential pathogen sharing, or the role of the anthropogenically impacted environment. Current relationships between humans and nonhuman primates are generally assumed to be rooted in conflict over land use and relatively recent, and thus have limited evolutionary and long term ecological impact.