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Phyllum Porifera

Osculum

Flagellated Epidermal cell Amoeboid cell

Flagellated Amoeboid cell cell

Cavity Epidermal cell

Small cell specialization H2O

•Epidermal cells (linig): they protect the •Flagellated cells: they create a stream inside the sponge Pores •Amoeboid cells: they give rise to the reproductive cells (gamets) Sponge ANIMALS

Phyllum Porifera

They are multi-cellular, they present very small Aquatic environmet, both salt and cellular specialization (no real tissues) fresh water (mostly in the )

Body scheme Heterotrophic nutrition: they catch small particles of food suspended in the water (organic matter!!). Intaken Habitat thanks to the stream flagellated cells create Nutrition They do not present any structure in relation to sensitivity function Sensitivity Amoeboid cells give rise to gamets Reproduction (for ), reproductive cells leave the sponge through the oscullum thanks to the stream. Fertilization is external, asexually They can also reproduce : any fragment of happens in the water. the sponge (even a very small one) can produce a new sponge ANIMALS

Phyllum Cnidaria are sac-shaped animals. They present true tissues. They can present two shapes: and Polyp Tentacles Organización general Polyps live attached Body wall to the substrata. Jellyfish can float Hábitat in the water Gastrovascular cavity Jellyfish Relación Body wall Extern wall of cells. In the tentacles is where Loaded Reproducción cnidocytes (poisonous cells) are found Gelatinous intermediate layer. With nervous cells and muscle cells, which make possible the movemento to catch preys. Unloaded Internal wall of cells Cnidocyte ANIMALS

Phyllum Cnidaria

They are multi-cellular and present specialized Body scheme cells (nervous and muscle cells)

Habitat They are aquatic (salt and fresh water)

Heterotrophic nutrition: they use their cnidocytes to catch small prey (in their tentacles), Nutrition then they introduce their prey in the gastrovascular cavity where nutrients are digested and absorbed. Tactile receptors and also balance

Movement thanks to muscle cells Sensitivity Coordination thanks to nervous cells

Alternating sexual reproduction (by gamets, external fertilization Reproduction ) that jellyfish do with the asexual (fragmentation) that polyps do

Phyllum Cnidarios

Jellyfish♀ REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE

Gamets ♀ () External Cell Jellyfish♂ Fertilization Divission Zygote SEXUAL REPRODUCTION Gamets ♂ ()

Growth Fragmentation Growth

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION Larvae POLYP ANIMALS

Phyllum Cnidaria

Cnidaria Polyp shape

Cnidaria Jellyfish shape

Cnidaria Polyps in colony Coral ANIMALS

Homework:

• Write three characteristics of the phyllum Porifera in relation to nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction (one each). •How do Porifera reproduce? •Name the two possible body shapes of the phyllum Cnidaria. Draw a picture of them and label the following structures: tentacles, mouth, gastrovascular cavity. •Cnidaria present some adaptations that Porifera do not that help them to catch preys. Explain them briefly. ANIMALS

If I could travel, But my body I could get more shape is not food! appropriate!

Cilindric shape Elongated shape (bilateral symmetry)

Great! I finally In the front area (what firts takes contact have a with the new environment) is where sense head! organs locate -in order to receive information- and sp it does the nervous

CEPHALIZATION (DEVELOPEMENT OF THE HEAD) ANIMALS

Phyllum Body scheme is cilindric, they present bilateral simmetry Annelids are soft body animals, with their body divided into segments

Body fragmentation in segments affect both external and internal organs: organs are repeted in every segment in the same way, except in the first segment: the head (cephalization) and the last one, where the anus is placed. En relación con su tamaño y movilidad, han desarrollado los siguientes aparatos, relacionados con las funciones de nutrición:

A tract where takes place (tube). Allong all the body Digestive syst. of the : from the mouth to the anus (all the segments) Respiratory syst. Do not have. They do through skin

Circulatory syst. Nutrients transport to all the cells in the organism They present small thin tubes that connect the internal and Excretory syst. external environments of the animal and expulse . ANIMALS

Phyllum annelids Nutrients are transportated in the blood, impulsed by small Gas exchange occurs directly through the skin, hearts inside te blood vessels reaches the cells directly (no respiratory () system)

CO2 O2 CO2 O2 CO2 O2 CO2 O2 CO2 Food

Mouth Anus

Excretions Feaces Waste substances from the celular Food is decomposed (digested) in the activity (excretions) are expulsed digestive tract (digestive system). through small thin tubes that connect Nutrients are absorbed and get to the the inside of the animal with the blood vessels.Undigested food are outside environment. All these organs expulsed through the anus (feaces) belong to the excretory system ANIMALS

Phyllum annelids Sense organs And what Palps. (sense of touch) about Balance (sense of balance) sensitivity and . (sight) reproduction? Muscles “ladder”

Reproduction in annelids is (mostly) sexual. Some species are (same individual produces sperm and eggs: male and female gamets); other species present sepparated sexs

Fertilization is external in aquatic species and it is internal for terrestial species

Sperm Earth worm mating Zygote ANIMALS

Phyllum annelids

Parasite annelid Aquatic annelid Hirudo medicinalis Nereis sp. “leech” “ worm”

Terrestial annelid Lumbricus terrestris “earth worm” ANIMALS

Homework:

• Name one example of annelid. How does this animal breath? How does it reproduce? How does it feed? How does it expulse wastes? •How is digestive system in annelids like? •Do annelids present sense organs? Why are sense organs important? To what vital function are sense organs related?