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Growth of Sceloporus Grammicus in La Michilía

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Growth of Sceloporus Grammicus in La Michilía Lizard populations (Barbault, 1975, 1981; Van Deven- der, 1978; Lernos-Espinal and Ballinger, 1995 a). Sceloporus grammicus is a small (54 to 72 mm SVL) viviparous lizard, distributed throughout most of Mexico frorn sea leve1 to high mountain conditions. Along its range this species exhibits extensive varia- tion in meristic and morphometric characteristics, as well as in heterozygosity values and genic polymor- phism (Hall and Selander, 1973; Sites, 1980). Sceloporus grammicus is in the auturnn breeding viviparous liz- ard group (Guillette and Casas-Andreu, 1980), with one litter per year and parturition occurring during April, May, or June (Ortega and Barbault, 1984). However, although S. grammicus is an abundant and widespread lizard (Smith, 1939), there are relatively few studies concerning this animal. Most of these studies are of a taxonomic nature (Hall, 1973; White, 1978; Sites 1980,1983) or concern reproduction (Axtell and Axtell, 1970; Guillette and Casas-Andreu, 1980, 1981; Guillette and Sullivan, 1981; Reed and Cites, 1995). There are relatively few works dealing with ecological aspects of this lizard (Lemos-Espinal and Ballinger 1992, 1995b), and only one on the growth patterns (Lemos-Espina1 and Ballinger, 1995a). The study site, La Michilía Biosphere Reserve, is in southern Durango, México, between 104"201 and 104"07'W and 23"201 and 23"301N. The vegetation is typically an oak-pine forest but highly diversified, with 207 plant species, including 18 species of Qucr- cus, and 10 species of Pinus (Martínez and Saldíwr, 1978). The climate exhibits a mean amual tempera- ture range between 17.4 C and 20.7 C and a mean annual precipitation of 567 mm, with most of the rain concentrated in the summer. At La Michilía, summer is hurnid and hot and winter is cold and dry (Martí- nez and Saldívar, 1978). A study plot of 50 X 1 000 m was marked with stakes every 10 m, and censuses were made over four lournal o Heqietology Vol. 33 No. 1 pp. 123-126 1999 years during September and December 1979, March, Copyri&t 1999 %a& for tíhe ~tudyof ~rn~hibiansand Reptiles May, and Septernber 1980, each month of 1981, and March, May, and September of 1982. Each of these 20 censuses Iasted 15 d. Each day, the transect was Growth of Sceloporus grammicus in La walked by three persons for 4 to 7 h in search for Michilía Biosphere Reserve, Mexico lizards. For each lizard we observed we recorded the date, the hour, its sex, its location in relation to the ALFREDOORTEGA-RUBIO,',-' GONZALO HALFFTER,' ROB- nearest stake, and then captured the lizard by hand. ERT BARBAULT,'ARADIT CASTEII.ANOS,%ND FEDERICO We recorded the following data; SVL and tail length SALINAS~'instituto de Ecología, Apdo. Postal No. 63, Xal- to the nearest 0.1 mm with a caliper and body mass aya, Veracwz 91000, México; >EcoleNormale Superieure, to the nearest 0.1 g with a Pesola spring balance. Cap- 46 Rue D'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05, Frunce; Tentro de Inves- tured individuals were marked individually both by tigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Apdo. Postal No. 128, La toe clipping and by paint code (Tinkle, 1967).The age Paz, 23000, Baja California Sur, México classes were determined through mark-recapture methods (Ortega, 1986). Juveniles were individuals The pattern of growth 1s a key aspect in the life 13mo of age, subadults were individuals between 3 history of any species (Andrews, 1982; Lemos-Espina1 and 5 mo, adults 1 were individuals reaching sexual and Ballinger, 1995a). Growth rates determine, among maturity from 5 to 12 mo, and Adults 11 were indi- other imyortant attributes, the length and age reached vidual~older than one year. at sexual maturity and maximum body size (Barbault, Using the size differences between capture and re- 1975; Andrews, 1976; Van Devender, 1978; Kaufmann, capture of a particular individual, the Instantaneous 1981; Parker, 1994; Smith and Ballinger, 1994). Body Growth Rate (IGR) was calculated using the formula size, in many reptiles, determines crucial reproductive of Barbault (1973): final SVL - initial SVLInumber of characteristics such as reproductive effort and clutch days between captures. Only individuals with recap- size (Barbault, 1974; 1981), as well as competitive suc- ture intervals <90 and >30 d were used in parameter cess for space and food (Fox, 1983; Tokarz, 1985). analyses. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA; Cokal and Thus, the study of growth patterns can help to un- Rohlf, 1969) with initial SVL as the covariate and sea- derstand the structure, dynamics, and dernography of son, size class, and cex as factors was used to analyze 126 SHORTER COMMUNICATIONS body weights of the Mexican high elevation lizard CITES, J. W., JR. 1980. Chromosome allozyme, and mor- Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus. J. Herpetol. 15: phometric variation in three cytotypes of the Sce- 366-371. loporus grammicus complex. Unpubl. Ph.D. Diss., , AND P. W. SULLIVAN.1985. The reproductive Texas A &M Univ., College Station. and fat body cycles of the lizard Sceloporus formo- . 1983. Chromosome evolution in the iguanid sus. J. Herpetol. 19:474480. lizard Sceloporus grammicus. 1. Chromosome poly- HALL,W. P. 1973. Comparative population cytogenet- morphisms. Evolution 36:38-53. ics, speciation and evolution of the iguanid lizard SMITH,H. M. 1939. The Mexican and Central Ameri- genus Sceloporus. Unpubl. Ph.D. Diss., Harvard can lizards of the genus Sceloporus. Field Mus. Nat. Univ., Cambridge, Massachusetts. Hist., Zool. Ser. 26:l-397. , AND R. K. SELANDER.1973. Hybridazation of SMITH,C. R. 1996. Annual life-history variation in the kariotypicaliy differentiated populations in the striped plateau lizard, Sceloporus virgatus. Can. J. Sceloporus grammicus complex (Iguanidae). Evolu- ZOO~.74:2025-2030. tion 27:22&242. , AND R. E. BALLINGER.1994. Temporal and KAUFMANN,K. W. 1981. Fitting and using growth spatial variation in individual growth in the spiny curves. Oecologia 49:293-299. lizard, Sceluporus jarrwi. Copeia 1994:1007-1013. LEMOS-ESPINAL,J. A., AND R. E. BALLINGER.1992. Ob- SOKAL,B. R., AND F. J. ROHLF.1969. Biometry. 2nd Ed. servations on the tolerance to freezing by the liz- Freeman Publ. Co., San Francisco, California. ard, Sceloporus grammicus, from Iztaccihuatl volca- SOULE,M. 1966. Trends in the insular radiation of a no, México. Herpetol. Rev. 23:8-9. lizard. Amer. Natur. 100:47-64. , AND --. 1995 a. Ecology of growth of the TANNER,W. W., AND J. H. HOPKIN.1972. Ecology of high altitude lizard Sceloporus grammicus on the Sceluporus occidentalis longipes baird and Uta stans- Eastern slope of Iztaccihuatl volcano, Puebla, Méx- buriana Baird and Cirard on rainier mesa, Nevada ico. Trans. Nebraska Acad. Sci. 22:77-85. test site range county, Nevada. Brigham Young , AND -. 1995 b. Comparative thermal Univ. Sci. Bull. Biol. Ser. Vol. XV:1-30. ecology of tlie high-altitude lizard Sceloporus granl- TINKLE,D. W. 1967. The life and demography of the micus on tho eastern slope of the Iztaccihuatl vol- side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana. Misc. Publ. cano, Puebla, México. Can. J. Zool. 73:2184-2191. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan 132:l-182. LICI-~T,P. 1974. llesponse of Anolis lizards to food sup- TOKARZ,R. R. 1985. Body size as a factor determining plementation in nature. Copeia 1974:215-221. dominance in stage agonistic encounters between MART~NEZ,E. AND M. SALDIVAR.1978. Unidades de male brown anoles (Anolis sagrei). Anim. Behav. 33: vegetación en la Reserva de la Biósfera de La Mich- 746-758. ilía en el Estado de Durango. Publicación No. 4 del TRIVERS,R. L. 1976. Sexual selection and resource-ac- Instituto de Ecología. cruing abilities in Anolis garmani. Evolution 30:253- MAUTZ,W. J. 1979. The metabolism of reclusive liz- 269. ards, the Xantusiidae. Copeia 1979:577-589. TURNER,F. B., AND C. s. CIST.1970. Observations of ORTEGA,A. 1986. Dinámica y estrategias demográficas lizards and tree frogs in an irradiated Puerto Rican de dos poblaciones de iguanidos simpatricos en la Forest. In H. T. Odum and R. F. Pigeon (eds.), A reserva de la biosfera la Michilía. Unpubl. Ph.D. Tropical Rain Forest, pp. E25-E49. US Atomic En- Diss., Instituto Politécnico Nacional. México. ergy Comm., Springfield. Virginia. , AND R. BARBAULT.1984. Reproductive cycies VANDEVENDER, W. R. 1978. Crowth ecology of a trop- in the mesquite lizard Sceloporus grammicus. J. Her- ical lizard, Basiliscus basiliscus basiliscus. Ecology petol. 18:168-175. 59:1031-1038. WEBB,C. J. W., H. MESSEL,J. CRAWFORD,AND M. J. , AND L. HERNÁNDEZ.1983. Abundancia rela- tiva de insectos en un medio estacional: su influen- YERBURY.1978. Crowth rates of Crocodylus porosus cia en la historia de vidad de dos iguánidos sim- from Arnhem Land, Northern Australia. Austr. pátricos. Folia Entomológica. No. 55:129-144. Wildl. Res. 5:385-399. PARKER,W. S. 1994. Demography of the fence lizard, WHITE,M. J. D. 1978. Modes of Speciation. W. H. Free- Sceloporus uildulatus, in northern Mississippi. Cop- man and Co., San Francisco. California. eia 1994:136-152. WILBUR,H. M. 1975. A growth model for the turtle Chrysemys picta. Copeia 1975:337-343. REED,K. M.. AND T. W. SITES.1. R. 1995. Female fecun- dity in a hybrid zone beiween two chromosome Accepted: 30 Ceptember 1998. races of the Sceloporus xrammicus complex (Sauria, ~hr~nosomatidaé).~vo¡ution 49:61-69 RUBY,D. E. 1977. Winter activity in Yarrow's spiny lizard, Scelop?orus jarrwi. Herpetologica 33:322-333. 1978. Seasonal changes in the territorial be- havior of the iguanid lizard Sceloporus jarrwi. Cop- eia 1978:430-438. SCHOENER,T. iV. 1970. Size pattems in West Indian Amlis lizards, 11. Correlations with the sizes of par- ticular sympatric species-displacement and di- vergence. Amer. Natur. 104:155-174. , AND A. SCHOENER.1978.
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