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Dissertation/Doctoral Thesis DISSERTATION/DOCTORAL THESIS Titel der Dissertation /Title of the Doctoral Thesis „Fatwa als Mordaufruf – Eine Medienanalyse von deutschsprachigen und ägyptischen Medienartikeln am Beispiel von Hamed Abdel-Samad“ verfasst von / submitted by Mag.a Sanna Plieschnegger angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doktorin der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) Wien, 2018 / Vienna 2018 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 792 303 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt / Religionswissenschaft field of study as it appears on the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Wolfram Reiss Inhaltsverzeichnis Abkürzungsverzeichnis ........................................................................................................... viii Tabellenverzeichnis ................................................................................................................... ix Vorwort ...................................................................................................................................... x Danksagung ............................................................................................................................... xi 1. Einleitung ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Gesellschaftlicher, politischer und medialer Hintergrund der Analyse Fatwa als Mordaufruf ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2. Hinführung zur konkreten Analyse Fatwa als Mordaufruf ......................................... 8 1.2.1. Die Forschungsfrage .............................................................................................. 10 1.3. Stand der Forschung und Forschungslücke ................................................................... 12 1.3.1. Literatur zur Entstehung und Entwicklung des Fatwa-Wesens.............................. 13 1.3.2. Literatur zum Fatwa-Wesen in der Moderne ......................................................... 14 1.3.3. Literatur zu spezifischen Fatwas, Fatwa-Institutionen und deren Kontexten ........ 15 1.3.4. Literatur zur Darstellung des Islams, Islamismus und des arabischen Raumes in den Medien ................................................................................................................... 16 1.3.5. Literatur zu kulturübergreifenden Medienanalysen ............................................... 17 1.3.6. Forschungslücke: Literatur zu der Thematik Fatwa als Mordaufruf ..................... 18 1.4. Literaturrecherche, Quellen und Vorarbeit ................................................................... 20 1.5. Struktureller Aufbau der Medienanalyse ...................................................................... 22 2. Angewandte Methodik ..................................................................................................... 25 2.1. Einleitung ...................................................................................................................... 25 2.2. Diskursforschung .......................................................................................................... 25 2.2.1. Definition von Diskurs ........................................................................................... 26 2.2.2. Diskurstheoretische Tendenzen: Macht, Wissen und Subjektivität ....................... 29 i 2.3. Die Diskursanalyse ........................................................................................................ 30 2.3.1. Die kritische Diskursanalyse .................................................................................. 32 2.3.2. Qualitätskriterien in der Diskursforschung ............................................................ 33 2.3.3. Die kritische Diskursanalyse nach Siegfried Jäger ................................................ 34 2.3.3.1. Macht im Diskurs ............................................................................................ 35 2.3.3.2. Exkurs Foucault ............................................................................................... 36 2.3.4. Das Wörterbuch der kritischen Diskursanalyse nach Siegfried Jäger .................... 40 2.3.5. Was wird unter kritisch bei der Kritischen Diskursanalyse verstanden? ............... 43 2.4. Modellierung der Methode auf die Thematik Fatwa als Mordaufruf ........................... 44 2.4.1. Warum wird die Methode nach Jäger ausgewählt? ................................................ 44 2.4.2. Schwächen und Herausforderungen bezüglich der Methodik von Jäger ............... 44 2.4.3. Analyseschritte nach Siegfried Jäger modelliert auf die Thematik Fatwa als Mordaufruf ....................................................................................................................... 46 2.4.3.1. Festlegung und Beschreibung des diskursiven Kontexts ................................ 46 2.4.3.2. Gewinnung des Materialkorpus ...................................................................... 47 2.4.3.3. Gewinnung des Materialkorpus ...................................................................... 49 2.4.3.4. Recherche der ägyptischen Medienartikel ...................................................... 49 2.4.3.5. Festlegung des Zeitraumes .............................................................................. 51 2.4.3.6. Durchführen der Struktur- und Überblicksanalyse ......................................... 52 2.4.3.7. Durchführung der Feinanalyse ........................................................................ 53 2.4.3.8. Darstellung der Gesamtanalyse ....................................................................... 54 2.5. Zusammenfassende qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ...................................... 54 2.5.1. Anpassung der Methode Mayrings auf den Untersuchungsgegenstand Fatwa als Mordaufruf ...................................................................................................... 55 2.5.1.1. Zusammenfassende Analyseschritte gemäß der zusammenfassenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ......................................................... 59 3. Die Medienanalyse ............................................................................................................... 62 3.1. Einleitung ...................................................................................................................... 62 ii 3.1.1. Islam in den Medien ............................................................................................... 62 3.1.1.1. Edward Saids Orientalism ............................................................................... 63 3.1.1.2. Einige Charakteristika des Islambildes in Deutschland und Österreich.......... 65 3.1.1.3. Vordiskurs – Salman Rushdie in den deutschen Medien ................................ 70 3.1.2. Dialogverhalten zwischen Medien im arabischen Raum und Deutschland ........... 75 3.1.3. Pressesysteme in Westeuropa und dem arabischen Raum ..................................... 76 3.1.4. Medien in Ägypten ................................................................................................. 79 3.1.5.Medien in Österreich ............................................................................................... 83 3.1.6. Medien in Deutschland ........................................................................................... 85 3.1.7. Pressefreiheit in Österreich und Deutschland ........................................................ 86 3.2. Strukturanalyse der Thematik Fatwa in den deutschsprachigen Medien in Österreich und Deutschland ................................................................................................. 87 3.2.1. Das Medienmaterial ............................................................................................... 88 3.2.1.1. Die Plattformen zur Recherche der Medienartikel .......................................... 88 3.2.2. Ergebnisse der Medienrecherche ........................................................................... 89 3.2.2.1. Der Standard .................................................................................................... 91 3.2.2.2. Die Presse ........................................................................................................ 91 3.2.2.3. Wiener Zeitung ................................................................................................ 92 3.2.2.4. Die Welt .......................................................................................................... 92 3.2.2.5. Die Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung ............................................................... 92 3.2.2.6. Der Tagesspiegel ............................................................................................. 93 3.2.3. Die Kodierungskategorien ...................................................................................... 93 3.2.3.1. Hauptthema der Artikel ................................................................................... 93 3.2.3.2. Kontext der Fatwa ........................................................................................... 97 3.2.4. Zusammenfassung der Strukturanalyse ................................................................ 102 3.3. Medienanalyse Fatwa als Mordaufruf am Beispiel von Hamed Abdel-Samad .......... 106 3.3.1. Strukturanalyse ....................................................................................................
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