DOCSLIB.ORG

Bhutto Trial and Execution, by Victoria Schofield

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bhutto Trial and Execution, by Victoria Schofield BHUTTO TRIAL AND EXECUTION Victoria Schofield Reproduced by Sani H. Panhwar Member Sindh Council, PPP COTETS PREFACE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 ITRODUCTIO .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 1 MILITARY RULE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 2 THE TRIAL .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 22 3 SOLITARY COFIEMET .. .. .. .. .. 44 4 LIE-UP FOR THE APPEAL .. .. .. .. .. 52 5 I DEFECE OF BHUTTO .. .. .. .. .. 62 6 THE REJOIDER .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 83 7 POLITICAL ACTIVITY .. .. .. .. .. .. 103 8 THE CASE FOR THE PROSECUTIO .. .. .. .. 112 9 THE DEFECE’S RIGHT OF REPLY .. .. .. .. 122 10 BHUTTO’S APPEARACE .. .. .. .. .. 128 11 WAITIG FOR JUDGMET .. .. .. .. .. 146 12 THE FIAL ACT .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 157 EPILOGUE .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 177 PREFACE No one is going to find it easy to write about the life of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto To get at the truth a historian will have to steer his way between the views of enemies and friends alike In Pakistan, as in many other countries, there is a tendency to create a cult around a political figure which hides his faults. But there is also the tendency, once the figure is no longer in the ascendancy, to erase the cult, by fair means or foul With Zulfikar Ali Bhutto the two processes were going on at the same time and no doubt will continue to do so The historian will have to distance himself and take a middle path with the man as he was, in the circumstances which prevailed Undoubtedly he will go down in history as a controversial figure and a great leader. The basic controversy lies between whether he was a dictator, as his enemies like to portray him, who ruined the country, caused the break-up of Pakistan in 1971 and brought the remaining half to the verge of economic disaster, and whose arrogance was surpassed by none; or whether he was a brilliant politician from a rich land-owning family who was inspired by socialist ideals and who determined against all odds to create a modern industrial society, a man who had ambitions with which he wished to inspire his countrymen in order to restore the morale and dignity of Pakistan after defeat in war. There are many who believe this latter view to be the correct one. But they add a few important riders: they admit but excuse the arrogance of a talented man; they also concede there was a degree of autocracy but regard this as acceptable in a country unused to the democratic process; but they see the biggest failure in his régime which brought Bhutto himself to his death, in the people who surrounded him: sycophants and fortune- seekers whose loyalty to him was only skin deep, particularly in the Army and the bureaucracy. As with other popular leaders who have fallen, the people who genuinely did support him were help less against the might of military régime which took over. Bhutto was highly intelligent, astute, energetic, hardworking and, above all, one of the most effective leaders of Pakistan, whose success was undoubtedly envied by many. At all times his opponents sought to prove that he had a motive to destroy one of his political opponents but very few carefully examined the obvious motives which people had to do away with him: personal dislike combined with jealousy, religious fanaticism, abhorrence of socialist policies which affected them adversely provided a sufficiently strong incentive for those who hated him to want to destroy him. The sycophants looked on as the wind changed direction. Every unrelated action of his subordinates was given a suspicious interpretation and alleged to have come from the Prime Minister. No effort was made to assume that he might in fact, have been innocent. Putting events into perspective, his death was inevitable. Those who were blinded by hope, optimism and trust in the judicial institutions of the country only saw at the end that from the beginning the minds of the military authorities were already made up. The judicial process merely prolonged the agony and uncertainty. No one could honestly say Bhutto Trial and Execution; Copyright www.bhutto.org 1 that Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was sent to death for his alleged part in a murder; he was sent to death because in the political climate of Pakistan at the time, the people who had the power wanted him out of the way. Other wise mercy could easily have been shown by the executive authorities. What deliberations they did have must have been over whether or not they would be able to get away with it. They scorned Bhutto’s own claim that Pakistan would fragment if he, as the unifying spirit, were to be executed. But only if there is a long period of calm in a free society, unpolluted and unrestrained by the force of martial law, can he be said to have been proved wrong. At present the military authorities, keeping a tight hold on the country, do not show themselves the least bit anxious to put this claim to the test. Such an obvious political motive makes the whole campaign against Bhutto appear as the product of those who detested him. Pakistan was angered by the amount of world attention focused on Bhutto’s trial, pointing to the revolutionary measures adopted in neighbouring countries such as Iran and Afghanistan in comparison with its own judicial process. When the question is put, why was there such interest in the trial of the former Prime Minister, the answer must inevitably come that more was expected from a country protesting its adherence to British common law traditions than that they would contemplate hanging their former Prime Minister on a split verdict where three out of seven judges said he should be acquitted. I should like to thank Benazir Bhutto for her hospitality and kindness and generosity at a time when her life took a tragic and dramatic turn from her carefree days as a student at Oxford, to those of political turbulence and the death of her father in Pakistan. I should also like to pay my respects to Mr. Bhutto’s team of lawyers whose exhausting struggle I observed from close quarters Mr. Yahya Bakhtiar, the late Ghulam Ali Memon, Mr. D.M. Awan, Mr. Hafeez Lakho, Mr. Mohammed Sharif and Mr. Saleem Khan. I should like to thank Mr. Awan in particular, for his help and advice over the legal aspects. My thanks also go to the friends I had in Islamabad who assisted me emotionally during this time: in particular the family of Mr. Bhutto’s dentist, Dr Niazi, and Gustavo Toro of the United Nations for their kindness. I am also grateful to the journalists I met who gave advice and encouragement to an aspirant member of their profession. However, all views and conclusions in this book are mine alone and I take sole responsibility for them. Finally I should like to thank my parents who bore with the emotional uncertainty of my absence in a country ruled by martial law when my own activities, as a friend of Benazir, were under surveillance twenty-four hours a day. I am also grateful to my mother who, receiving chapter by chapter in the post, typed this manuscript. All views contained in this book are my own. Victoria Schofield Islamabad, Pakistan April 1979 Bhutto Trial and Execution; Copyright www.bhutto.org 2 ITRODUCTIO Before the dawn of a warm, sunny day in April 1979 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was hanged. Of Pakistan’s line of rulers since its painful birth in 1947 one died prematurely, one was assassinated, another exiled, one died of old age. But only one has ever been hanged. No one could have predicted that the end of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto would come with the hangman’s noose. In proceedings lasting a year and a half Bhutto was tried, found guilty of conspiracy to murder and sentenced to death. Throughout, the former Prime Minister maintained his innocence in such a manner as to cast eternal doubt on the verdict given. At the height of his power Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was a well respected and internationally esteemed leader. He was polished, articulate and had a brilliant mind, with enough savoir-faire to tackle any political situation. He was heralded both inside and outside Pakistan as the man the country needed to keep it together. Most people assumed that he would rule Pakistan for a long time to come. ‘I think I’ll last longer than anyone else who’s governed Pakistan,’ he said, soon after he became President in 1971. But he did not; before the decade was over, he was dead. The circumstances surrounding his downfall are unique. It appeared to be more than just part of the game. According to those who supported the former Prime Minister, there was a political conspiracy against the undisputed leader of the people to overthrow him; moreover, the fight for his life became an event of world-wide importance to such an extent that people continually asked just what was so special about Bhutto. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was born into politics on 5 January 1928 in Larkana, a small village in the province of Sindh. He had a politician for a father and a mother who was deeply concerned about the poverty of the masses. Almost, as it were, he developed his theory of the ‘politics of poverty’ from his parents. He was also born rich, of a wealthy land- owning family which gave him the opportunities and advantages, combined with his own talents, to reach his goal. As a leader he had charisma. He emerged on the political scene in Pakistan when the morale of the people was low. He could fire the people’s imagination with his magnetic dynamism and his enthusiasm.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Son of the Desert
    Dedicated to Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed without words to express anything. The Author SONiDESERT A biography of Quaid·a·Awam SHAHEED ZULFIKAR ALI H By DR. HABIBULLAH SIDDIQUI Copyright (C) 2010 by nAfllST Printed and bound in Pakistan by publication unit of nAfllST Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto/Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Archives. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. First Edition: April 2010 Title Design: Khuda Bux Abro Price Rs. 650/· Published by: Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto/ Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Archives 4.i. Aoor, Sheikh Sultan Trust, Building No.2, Beaumont Road, Karachi. Phone: 021-35218095-96 Fax: 021-99206251 Printed at: The Time Press {Pvt.) Ltd. Karachi-Pakistan. CQNTENTS Foreword 1 Chapter: 01. On the Sands of Time 4 02. The Root.s 13 03. The Political Heritage-I: General Perspective 27 04. The Political Heritage-II: Sindh-Bhutto legacy 34 05. A revolutionary in the making 47 06. The Life of Politics: Insight and Vision· 65 07. Fall out with the Field Marshal and founding of Pakistan People's Party 108 08. The state dismembered: Who is to blame 118 09. The Revolutionary in the saddle: New Pakistan and the People's Government 148 10. Flash point.s and the fallout 180 11. Coup d'etat: tribulation and steadfasmess 197 12. Inside Death Cell and out to gallows 220 13. Home they brought the warrior dead 229 14.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mirage of Power, by Mubashir Hasan
    The Mirage of Power AN ENQUIRY INTO THE BHUTTO YEARS 1971-1977 BY MUBASHIR HASAN Reproduced By: Sani H. Panhwar Member Sindh Council PPP. CONTENTS About the Author .. .. .. .. .. .. i Preface .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ii Acknowledgements .. .. .. .. .. v 1. The Dramatic Takeover .. .. .. .. .. 1 2. State of the Nation .. .. .. .. .. .. 14 3. Meeting the Challenges (1) .. .. .. .. 22 4. Meeting the Challenges (2) .. .. .. .. 43 5. Restructuring the Economy (1) .. .. .. .. 64 6. Restructuring the Economy (2) .. .. .. .. 85 7. Accords and Discords .. .. .. .. 100 8. All Not Well .. .. .. .. .. .. 120 9. Feeling Free .. .. .. .. .. .. 148 10. The Year of Change .. .. .. .. .. 167 11. All Power to the Establishment .. .. .. .. 187 12. The Losing Battle .. .. .. .. .. .. 199 13. The Battle Lost .. .. .. .. .. .. 209 14. The Economic Legacy .. .. .. .. .. 222 Appendices .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 261 ABOUT THE AUTHOR Dr. Mubashir Hasan is a well known figure in both academic and political circles in Pakistan. A Ph.D. in civil engineering, he served as an irrigation engineer and taught at the engineering university at Lahore. The author's formal entry into politics took place in 1967 when the founding convention of the Pakistan Peoples' Party was held at his residence. He was elected a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan in 1970 and served as Finance Minister in the late Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto's Cabinet from 1971-1974. In 1975, he was elected Secretary General of the PPP. Following the promulgation of martial law in 1977, the author was jailed for his political beliefs. Dr. Hasan has written three books, numerous articles, and has spoken extensively on social, economic and political subjects: 2001, Birds of the Indus, (Mubashir Hasan, Tom J.
    [Show full text]
  • Bhutto a Political Biography.Pdf
    Bhutto a Political Biography By: Salmaan Taseer Reproduced By: Sani Hussain Panhwar Member Sindh Council, PPP Bhutto a Political Biography; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 1 CONTENTS Preface .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 1 The Bhuttos of Larkana .. .. .. .. .. .. 6 2 Salad Days .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 3 Rake’s Progress .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 28 4 In the Field Marshal’s Service .. .. .. .. .. 35 5 New Directions .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45 6 War and Peace 1965-6 .. .. .. .. .. .. 54 7 Parting of the Ways .. .. .. .. .. .. 69 8 Reaching for Power .. .. .. .. .. .. 77 9 To the Polls .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 102 10 The Great Tragedy .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 114 11 Reins of Power .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 125 12 Simla .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 134 13 Consolidation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 147 14 Decline and Fall .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 163 15 The Trial .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 176 16 The Bhutto Conundrum .. .. .. .. .. 194 Select Bibliography .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 206 Bhutto a Political Biography; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 2 PREFACE Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was a political phenomenon. In a country where the majority of politicians have been indistinguishable, grey and quick to compromise, he stalked among them as a Titan. He has been called ‘blackmailer’, ‘opportunist’, ‘Bhutto Khan’ (an undisguised comparison with Pakistan’s military dictators Ayub Khan and Yahya Khan) and ‘His Imperial Majesty the Shahinshah of Pakistan’ by his enemies. Time magazine referred to him as a ‘whiz kid’ on his coming to power in 1971. His supporters called him Takhare Asia’ (The Pride of Asia) and Anthony Howard, writing of him in the New Statesman, London, said ‘arguably the most intelligent and plausibly the best read of the world’s rulers’. Peter Gill wrote of him in the Daily Telegraph, London: ‘At 47, he has become one of the third world’s most accomplished rulers.’ And then later, after a change of heart and Bhutto’s fall from power, he described him as ‘one of nature’s bounders’.
    [Show full text]
  • BORN to BE HANGED Praise Fo R the Book
    BORN TO BE HANGED Praise fo r the Book While tracing the making of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto-the most popular leader of his people, Dr Syeda Hameed easily identifies him as a self-destroying character in a Greek tragedy. But the chief merit of this book lies in explaining the factors contributing to his meteoric rise and the unravelling of his mind through a reading of his prison letters with Dr Mubashir Hasan's help, and how Bhutto, with a Janus like posture, tried to build a socialist castle on the fo undation of Islamic ideology. The guardians of vested interest were not duped; they hanged him fo r shaking their throne. An eye-opener fo r students of Pakistan's muddled politics. -I.A. Rehman, Human Rights Activist and Political Analyst, Pakistan Syeda Hameed's labour of love, spanning two decades, has flowered into a vivid portrayal of one of the most intriguing public figures of South Asia -Asif Noorani, Senior Journalist and Author, Pakistan BORN TO BE HANGE POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY OF ZULFIKAR ALI BHUTTO SYEDA HAMEED RUPA Published by Rupa Publications India Pvt. Ltd 2017 7/ 16, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110002 Sales Centres: Allahabad Bcngaluru Chennai Hyderabad Jaipur Kathmandu Kolkata Mumbai Copyright «;l Syeda Hameed 2017 Photo courtesy: Author's collection and Sheba George The views and opinions expressed in this book are the author's own and the facts are as reported by her which have been verified to the extent possible, and the publishers arc not in any way liable for the same. All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Portrait of a a Political Murder by H S Bhatia
    CONTENTS Preface … … … … … … … 2 1. Introductory ... … … … … … … 4 2. Bhutto Personifies Pakistan ... … … … 10 3. Meteoric Career ... … … … … … 13 Pakistan People’s Party … … … … 15 War and After … … … … … 19 4. Did CIA Topple Bhutto? … … … … … 21 5. White Paper on Bhutto … … … … … 26 Murder and Connivance … … … … 27 6. Abduction and Torture … … … … … 37 Organised Violence and Suppression … … 46 Section 144 … … … … … … 54 7. Bhutto’s Appeal … … … … … … 56 8. Military Intelligence Used for Political Purposes Bhutto’s Disclosures … … … … 72 9. Lahore High Court Judgment in Murder Trial … … 76 10. Pakistan Supreme Court Verdict … … … … 239 11. No Room Against the Judgment … … … … 254 12. Supreme Court Decision on Bhutto’s Review Petition … 255 Shariat Laws Enforced … … … … 270 13 Z. A. Bhutto Hanged … … … … … 275 Portrait of a Political Murder; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 1 PREFACE Mr. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s historic trial for the murder of his political opponent brings out the story of meteoric rise and sudden fall of a man who rose to be the President and Prime Minister of Pakistan and was later deposed and hanged as a worst criminal. It also portrays vividly the instrumentalities utilized for executing this political murder. At 0.13 a.m. on 11 November, 1974 Nawab Ahmad Khan, father of Ahmad Raza Kasuri, an opposition member of the National Assembly was hit with fire from automatic weapons. In a written statement at 3.20 a.m. the same day, Kasuri referred to an earlier murderous attack on him at Islamabad and asserted that the assassination of his father was the result of an attempt on his life carried out for political reasons. He recalled that in a statement in the National Assembly, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto had stated that it was not possible for him to tolerate Kasuri any more.
    [Show full text]
  • If I Am Assassinated; Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
    IF I AM ASSASSINATED By ZULFIKAR ALI BHUTTO Reproduced in PDF Format By: Sani Hussain Panhwar CONTENTS In The Supreme Court of Pakistan Introduction .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 1. White Paper or White Lies? .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 27 2. Misrepresentation .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33 3.”Warfare,” Rigging and Fraud .. .. .. .. .. .. 46 4. The Election Commission .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 55 5. The Government Machine .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 73 6. The “Larkana-Plan” .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 88 7. Rigged or Fair? .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 102 8. The Inner Cancer .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 125 9. The External Crisis .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 138 10. Death Knell .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 154 11. Foreign Hand .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 169 12. The Death Cell and History .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 197 13. The Hour has struck .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 209 Addendum .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 232 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF PAKISTAN Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction Criminal Appeal No. 11 of 1978 Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Son of Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto District Jail Rawalpindi ………………………………………. Appellant Versus The State.……………………………………………………….. Respondent The undersigned Appellant respectfully submits: 1. That during the pendency of the present Appeal and while it was being heard before this Honorable Court, the Government of Pakistan has come out with two White Papers, one on the alleged rigging of elections in March 1977, and the other on the alleged misuse of the news media during the tenure of my Government. Obviously the time for publicising the false, fabricated and malicious allegations contained in these two White Papers has been deliberately chosen and is a calculated attempt to prejudice man-kind against me and to prejudice the hearing of my case. The second White Paper on the media, which was issued on 28 August 1978, was in fact printed on 25 March 1978, as would appear from the printing date on the front page and the cover, on which another date was superimposed.
    [Show full text]
  • L EXECUTIVE INTELLIGENCE REVIEW
    EXECUTIVE INTELLIGENCE REVIEW Supplement January 1979 l New Solidarity International Press Service $10 [THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK] FOREWORD by Daniel Sneider, Asia Editor, Executive Intelligence Review few words are in order first . Bhutto's overthrow is part of l;l clear The Executive Intelligence Review presents here for the general pattern of destablization of the entire region stretching from Iran public a historic document, a document of living history that is in the west to Bangladesh in the east. The assassination of required reading for every head of state, for every American Bangladesh President Sheik Mujibar Rahman in the summer of poltical leader, for every student of politics, and finally for all 1975 marked the intensification of a concerted wave of political people concerned with the progress of humanity. The document violence and destabilization that was aimed also at the govern­ here, and an excellent introduction contributed by a noted ment of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in India, resulting in the Pakistani scholar (who must remain anonymous), tell the story declaration of a State of Emergency in July 1975. The electoral of a man, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the Prime Minister of Pakistan, downfall of the Gandhi government in March 1977 coincided in the story of a nation, the developing and strategically important turn with the turmoil following the elections in Pakistan which South Asian country of Pakistan, and reveals the global events finally led to the military coup. In a space of less than two years which have converged on both the man and the nation. the entire political leadership of the subcontinent was overturned Mr .
    [Show full text]
  • Was Bhutto Killed Before Hanging by Sadiq Jafri
    Was Bhutto killed before hanging? Sadiq Jafri Reproduced By: Sani Hussain Panhwar Member Sindh Council, PPP Was Bhutto Killed before hanging Copyright © www.bhutto.org 1 Dedicated To My son, bahawal, who may see the dawn of freedom of expression, when he grows up. Was Bhutto Killed before hanging Copyright © www.bhutto.org 2 Author’s Note Completing this work was a herculean task given the fierce antagonism of our ubiquitous Intelligence agencies. In fact many developments occurred as this piece was going to the press. For one, shortly before the printing began, an interview, with Murtaza Bhutto was splashed across the pages of the News, covering three pages. After the forceful projection of that interview, it would be an uphill task for me to convince readers about the antecedents --- or the lack of them of the AZO, to the public. It is amid these constraints that I have after all got the work ready for the reader’s consumption. I hope now the credibility of the product of the sweat of my brow shall find favour with all those who seek the truth. Was Bhutto Killed before hanging Copyright © www.bhutto.org 3 Contents Introduction by “Zeno” .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 6 The controversy .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 Geri Arbab .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 13 Imprisonment .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 16 Old jail .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 19 Hypothesis .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 21 Gen Chishti .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 25 The lieutenant .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 27 Error .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 33 The jailors .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 37 Roger, Roger, Black Horse Over! .. .. .. .. .. .. 43 Executioners execute execution .. .. .. .. .. .. 52 Finish it !!! .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 54 Top secret .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 56 The burial .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 64 Shaheed Baba .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 68 Janaza .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 74 Eyewitnesses .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 75 The mark .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 76 Justice .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 82 Was Bhutto Killed before hanging Copyright © www.bhutto.org 4 Forensic .
    [Show full text]
  • The Execution of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto: Its Impacts on the Politics of Sindh Prof
    The Execution of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto: Its Impacts on the Politics of Sindh Prof. Amir Ali Chandio Shahida Amir Chandio Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to examine the political situation of Pakistan with special reference to the politics of Sindh after the execution of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan. The assassination of Z.A Bhutto left long standing political repercussion in the politics of the country. Bhutto‘s execution promotes nationalist feelings in his home province on one side and antiestablishment ideas on the other side. This paper would purport the impact of Bhutto‘s execution on Sindh. Keywords: Sindh, Politics, Nationalism, Martial Law, Violence Introduction In Sindh, it is generally assumed that involvement of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto in the murder case of Muhammad Ahmed Khan Kasuri was a political intrigue and his execution was the conspiracy of the Generals and Judges. Nevertheless, the trial appeal and eventual regarding execution of Bhutto left deep and far-reaching effect on the political scene of Pakistan (Khan, 2001, p. 597). It left many impacts on the federalism and nationalism politics of Sindh. Bhutto appointed General Zia as Chief of Army Staff was very sharp and opportunist and he worked under him but Bhutto could not asses his intentions. Even Bhutto assigned him task of negotiation with the leaders of PNA ‗Pakistan National Alliance‘ to settle down the disputes. PNA and Bhutto agreed on some suggestions and there was an understanding and compromise on different issues. Bhutto announced that he would sign the accord next day but it never happened as the military coup ousted Bhutto from his office.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Supreme Court of Pakistan
    IN THE SUPREME COURT OF PAKISTAN (ORIGINAL JURISDICTION) PRESENT: Mr.Justice Sh.Riaz Ahmed, HCJ Mr.Justice Munir A.Sheikh Mr.Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry Mr.Justice Qazi Muhammad Farooq Mr.Justice Mian Muhammad Ajmal Mr.Justice Syed Deedar Hussain Shah Mr.Justice Hamid Ali Mirza Mr.Justice Abdul Hameed Dogar Mr.Justice Muhammad Nawaz Abbasi CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.15 OF 2002 Qazi Hussain Ahmed, Ameer Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan Mansoora, Multan Road, Lahore … PETITIONER VERSUS General Pervez Musharraf, Chief Executive & another … RESPONDENTS CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.17 OF 2002 High Court Bar Association Rawalpindi … PETITIONER VERSUS General Pervez Musharraf, Chief Executive & others … RESPONDENTS CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.18 OF 2002 Supreme Court Bar Association of Pakistan … PETITIONER VERSUS General Pervez Musharraf, Chief of the Army Staff & Chief Executive & others … RESPONDENTS CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.19 OF 2002 Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, President, Alliance for Restoration of Democracy … PETITIONER VERSUS The Federation of Pakistan through Secretary to the Government of Pakistan Establishment Division, Islamabad & others … RESPONDENTS CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.20 OF 2002 Shahid Orakzai … PETITIONER VERSUS General Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan & others … RESPONDENTS CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.21 OF 2002 Adal Trust through its Managing Trustee Shaikh Mushtaq Ali, Advocate & another … PETITIONERS VERSUS General Pervez Musharraf, Chief Executive of Pakistan & others … RESPONDENTS CONSTITUTION PETITION NO.22 OF 2002 Syed Zafar
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Opposition Movements Against Bhutto and Against Zia
    ROLE OF OPPOSITION MOVEMENTS AGAINST BHUTTO AND AGAINST ZIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ABID HUSSAIN ABBASI DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY QUAID-I-AZAM UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD 2017 DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY QUAID-I-AZAM UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD APPROVAL OF THESIS FOR SUBMISSION I hereby recommend the dissertation prepared under my supervision by Abid Hussain Abbasi entitled ROLE OF OPPOSITION MOVEMENTS AGAINST BHUTTO AND AGAINST ZIA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY. Prof. Dr. Razia Sultana Supervisor Author’s Declaration I Abid Hussain Abbasihereby state that my PhD thesis titled“Role of Opposition against Bhutto and Zia: A Comparative Study”is my own work and has not been submitted previously by me for taking any degree from this University (Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad), Or anywhere else in the country/world. At any time if my statement is found to be incorrect even after my Graduate the university has the right to withdraw my PhD degree. Name of Student:Abid Hussain Abbasi Certificate of Approval This is to certify that the research work presented in this thesis, entitledRole of " Opposition against Bhutto and Zia: A Comparative Study”was conducted byMr. Abid Hussain Abbasiunder the supervisionProf. of Dr. Razia Sultana. No part of this thesis has been submitted anywhere else for any other degree. This thesis is submitted to theDepartment of History Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabadin partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Field of History.
    [Show full text]
  • My Execution; Statement by Z a Bhutto Before the Supreme Court
    CONTENTS Preface .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 Introduction .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 Chapter One The First Day .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 7 Chapter Two The Second Day .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 Chapter Three The Third Day .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 58 Chapter Four The Fourth Day .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 69 My Execution; Copyright © www.bhutto.org 2 Preface I am reproducing the statement given by Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in the Supreme Court of Pakistan during the murder trial of Mr. Ahmed Raza Kasuri. The statement is divided in four chapters each one covers his deliberation for each day he appeared in front of the Judges of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. Shaheed Bhutto’s initial trial began on October 24 th on charges of “conspiracy to murder” Ahmed Raza Kasuri. The prosecution produced a witness in Masood Mahmood, who had been the chief of the Federal Security Force under Shaheed Bhutto. A very questionable and dubious witness, Mr. Mahmood testified that Bhutto had ordered the killing of Kasuri. Four men who were arrested and charged as Kasuri’s assassins testified to confirm Mahmood’s testimony. It was evident that the army had fabricated the evidence and installed the Justice Maulvi Mushtaq Ali an old enemy of Bhutto as Chief Justice of Lahore High Court. The Lahore High Court sentenced Bhutto to death on March 18 th 1978; he was also ordered to pay Rs. 25,000 in fines or face six months rigorous imprisonment. While this was going on General Zia published a white paper accusing Bhutto of rigging the 1977 elections, the Supreme Court of Pakistan agreed to hear Bhutto’s appeal. Chief Justice S. Anwarul Haq adjourned the court until the end of July 1978, supposedly because 5 of the 9 appeals court judges were willing to overrule the Lahore verdict.
    [Show full text]