1 North American Critical Theory After Postmodernism

Notes

1 North American Critical Theory after Postmodernism

1. I use postmodernism to mark a point, c. 1980, after which it was necessary for critical theorists, in their engagement of contemporary ideas, to address the thesis of postmodernity as it was represented in the ideas of scholars such as Lyotard and Baudrillard. This period includes authors such as Foucault and Derrida, but I do not use postmodernism as a descriptor of their ideas. I use poststructuralism to distinguish Foucault and Derrida, whose ideas were being debated at the same time as the ‘postmodern turn,’ but which I would not classify as ‘postmodern.’ Thus, by ‘after postmodernism,’ I merely mean after the ‘postmodern’ turn had been declared and thus the point after which this generation of critical theorists began to critically engage the idea. This is briefly discussed in Fraser’s interview, where she prompts me to clarify my use of the word. 2. Peter Beilharz, introduction to Postwar American Critical Thought (Thousand Oaks: Sage, 2006), xxxi. 3. Philip Wexler, preface to Critical Theory Now (New York: Falmer Press, 1991), viii. 4. Göran Therborn, From Marxism to Post-Marxism? (London and New York: Verso, 2008). 5. Therborn, From Marxism to Post-Marxism?, 105. 6. Robert J. Antonio, ‘The Origin, Development, and Contemporary Status of Critical Theory,’ Sociological Quarterly 24, 3 (1983): 342. 7. See Jules Townshend, ‘Laclau and Mouffe’s Hegemonic Project: The Story So Far,’ Political Studies 52, 6 (2004). 8. Chantal Mouffe, ‘Deliberative Democracy or Agonistic Pluralism,’ Social Research 66, 3 (Fall 1999). 9. Nancy Fraser, ‘A Future for Marxism,’ New Politics 6, 4 (1998): 95. 10. Agger, Ben and Tim Luke, ‘Politics in Postmodernity: The Diaspora of Politics and the Homelessness of Political and Social Theory,’ in Theoretical Discussions in Political Sociology for the 21st Century 11, Betty A. Dobratz, Timothy Buzzell and Lisa K. Waldner, eds. 11. Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics (London and New York: Verso, 2005). 12. Steven Best and Douglas Kellner, Postmodern Theory: Critical Interrogations (New York: Guilford Press, 1991), 201. 13. Ben Agger, ‘Is Wright Wrong (or Should Burawoy be Buried)?: Reflections on the Crisis of the “Crisis of Marxism,”’ Berkeley Journal of Sociology XXXIV (1989d): 187. 14. See Jules Townshend, ‘Laclau and Mouffe’s Hegemonic Project: The Story So Far,’ Political Studies 52 (2004). 15. Robert J. Antonio, ‘Immanent critique as the Core of Critical Theory: Its Origins and Developments in Hegel, Marx, and Contemporary Thought,’ British Journal of Sociology 32, 3 (1981): 330–1.

205 206 Notes

16. See Fast Capitalism 5.1. 17. G. Genosko, S. Gandesha and K. Marcellus, ‘A Crucible of Critical Interdisciplinarity: The Toronto Telos Group,’ Topia: A Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies 8 (Fall 2002): 2–3. 18. See Laura Secor, ‘Testaments Betrayed: Yugoslavian Intellectuals and the Road to War,’ Lingua Franca 9, 6 (September 1999). 19. Timothy W. Luke, ‘Toward a North American Critical Theory,’ Telos 101 (Fall 1994a): 102–3. 20. Andrew Arato, Jose Casanova, Jean Cohen, and Joel Whitebook, Letter dated June 1, 1987. Telos Newsletter October 19 (1987): 8. 21. See Ben Agger, The Discourse of Domination: From the Frankfurt School to Postmodernism (Evanston, Il: Northwestern University Press, 1992a); Robert J. Antonio, ‘The Normative Foundations of Emancipatory Theory: Evolutionary Versus Pragmatic Perspectives,’ The American Journal of Sociology 94, 4 (1989); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Epistemologies of Postmodernism: A Rejoinder to Franc¸ois Lyotard,’ New German Critique 33 (Autumn 1984b); Craig Calhoun, ‘Postmodernism as Pseudohistory,’ Theory, Culture and Society 10, 1 (1993); Nancy Fraser, Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse, and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory (Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1989a); Douglas Kellner, Jean Baudrillard: From Marxism to Postmodernism and Beyond (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1989b). 22. Andrew Arato, ‘Lukács’ Path to Marxism (1910–1923),’ Telos 7 (Spring 1971); Andrew Arato, ‘Lukács’ Theory of Reification,’ Telos 11 (Spring 1972); Andrew Arato, ‘The Budapest School and Actually Existing Socialism,’ Theory and Society 16, 4 (1987). 23. Andrew Arato, ‘The Second International: A Reexamination,’ Telos 18 (Winter 1973–74). 24. Andrew Arato, ‘Understanding Bureaucratic Centralism,’ Telos 35 (Spring 1978): 73. 25. Andrew Arato, ‘Civil Society against the State: Poland 1980–1981,’ Telos 47 (Spring 1981); Andrew Arato, ‘Empire vs. Civil Society: Poland 1981–82,’ Telos 50 (Winter 1981–82). 26. Andrew Arato, Civil Society, Constitution, and Legitimacy (New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2000). 27. Robert J. Antonio, ‘The Origin, Development, and Contemporary Status of Critical Theory,’ Sociological Quarterly 24, 3 (1983): 345. 28. Seyla Benhabib, Critique, Norm, and Utopia: A Study of the Foundations of Critical Theory (New York, Columbia University Press, 1986a), 15. 29. Benhabib, Critique, Norm, and Utopia: A Study of the Foundations of Critical Theory, 15. 30. Seyla Benhabib, ‘Modernity and the Aporias of Critical Theory,’ Telos 47 (Fall 1981): 59. 31. Seyla Benhabib, ‘Epistemologies of Postmodernism: A Rejoinder to Franc¸ois Lyotard’: 126. 32. Douglas Kellner, Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989a), 52. 33. Douglas Kellner, ‘Postmodernism as Social Theory: Some Challenges and Problems,’ Theory, Culture, and Society 5, 2 (1988): 266. Notes 207

34. Ben Agger, Critical Social Theories: An Introduction (Boulder: Westview Press, 1998), 3. See also Ben Agger, ‘Critical Theory, Poststructuralism, Postmodernism: Their Sociological Relevance,’ Annual Review of Sociology 17, 1 (1991a). 35. Ben Agger, Fast Capitalism: A Critical Theory of Significance (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989a); Ben Agger, Socio(onto)logy: A Disciplinary Reading (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989b); Ben Agger, Reading Science: A Literary, Political, and Sociological Analysis (Dix Hills, New York: General Hall, Inc, 1989c.). 36. Ben Agger, Gender, Culture, Power: Toward a Feminist Postmodern Critical Theory (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 1993), 26. 37. Agger, The Discourse of Domination: From the Frankfurt School to Postmodernism, 265. 38. Agger, The Discourse of Domination: From the Frankfurt School to Postmodernism, 219. 39. Agger, The Discourse of Domination: From the Frankfurt School to Postmodernism, 266. 40. Nancy Fraser, Unruly Practices: Power, Discourse, and Gender in Contemporary Social Theory (Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1989a), 13, footnote 2. 41. Nancy Fraser, ‘What’s Critical About Critical Theory? The Case of Habermas and Gender,’ New German Critique 35 (Spring–Summer 1985b): 97. 42. Craig Calhoun, Critical Social Theory: Culture, History and the Challenge of Difference (Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1995), 35. 43. Calhoun, Critical Social Theory: Culture, History and the Challenge of Difference, 134. 44. Timothy W. Luke, Ideology and Soviet Industrialization (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1985a), 31–2. 45. Luke, Ideology and Soviet Industrialization, 173. 46. Timothy W. Luke, Screens of Power: Ideology, Domination, and Resistance in Informational Society (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989a), 7. 47. Luke, Screens of Power: Ideology, Domination, and Resistance in Informational Society, 8. 48. Luke, Screens of Power: Ideology, Domination, and Resistance in Informational Society, 9. 49. Luke, Screens of Power: Ideology, Domination, and Resistance in Informational Society, 9.

2 Timothy W. Luke

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, April 1, 2010, San Francisco, CA. 2. Herbert Marcuse, Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud (Boston: Beacon Press, 1966). 3. Herbert Marcuse, One- Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (Boston: Beacon Press, 1964). 4. Herbert Marcuse, An Essay on Liberation (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969). 5. Herbert Marcuse, Soviet Marxism: A Critical Analysis (Columbia University Press, 1958). 6. Michel Foucault, The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (New York: Routledge, 2002). 208 Notes

7. Michel Foucault, Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason, trans. R. Howard (New York: Random House, 1965). 8. Michel Foucault, The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language, trans. A.M. Sheridan Smith (New York: Pantheon Books, 1972). 9. Michel Foucault, The Birth of the Clinic: An Archaeology of Medical Perception (New York: Pantheon, 1973). 10. Jürgen Habermas, Legitimation Crisis, trans. Thomas McCarthy (London: Heinemann, 1976). 11. Jürgen Habermas, Toward a Rational Society (London: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, 1971). 12. Jürgen Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, trans. Thomas Burger (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1989). 13. Fredric Jameson, ‘Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism,’ New Left Review 146 ( July–August 1984): 53–92. 14. Fredric Jameson, Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1991). 15. Timothy W. Luke, ‘Toward a North American Critical Theory,’ Telos 101 (Fall 1994a): 101–8. 16. Jean Baudrillard, For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign (St. Louis, MO: Telos Press, 1981). 17. Jean Baudrillard, The Consumer Society: Myths and Structures (London: Sage Publications, 2003). 18. Martin Jay, The Dialectical Imagination: A History of the Frankfurt School and the Institute of Social Research, 1923–1950 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996). 19. Alvin W. Gouldner, The Dialectic of Ideology and Technology: The Origins, Grammar, and Future of Ideology (New York: Seabury Press, 1976). 20. Alvin W. Gouldner, The Future of Intellectuals and the Rise of the New Class: A Frame of Reference, Theses, Conjectures, Arguments, and an Historical Perspective on the Role of Intellectuals and Intelligentsia in the International Class Contest of the Modern Era (New York: Seabury Press, 1979). 21. Alvin W. Gouldner, ‘A Prologue to a Theory of Revolutionary Intellectuals,’ Telos 26 (Winter 1975–76): 3–36. 22. Russell Jacoby, The Last Intellectuals: American Culture in the Age of Academe (New York: Basic Books, 1987). 23. Timothy W. Luke, Screens of Power: Ideology, Domination, and Resistance in Informational Society (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989). 24. Timothy W. Luke, Ecocritique: Contesting the Politics of Nature, Economy, and Culture (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997). 25. Timothy W. Luke Capitalism, Democracy, and Ecology: Departures from Marx (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1999). 26. Ernest Mandel, Late Capitalism, trans. Joris de Bres (London: NLB Humanities Press, 1972).

3 Douglas Kellner

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, April 5, 2010, Los Angeles, CA. Notes 209

2. Herbert Marcuse, Reason and Revolution: Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory (Boston: Beacon Press, 1960). 3. Herbert Marcuse, Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud (Boston: Beacon Press, 1966). 4. Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno, The Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. John Cumming (New York: Continuum, 1989). 5. Max Horkheimer, Critical Theory: Selected Essays (New York: Herder and Herder, 1972). 6. Jürgen Habermas, The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: Twelve Lectures, trans. Frederick Lawrence (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987). 7. Martin Jay, The Dialectical Imagination: A History of the Frankfurt School and the Institute of Social Research, 1923–1950 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996). 8. Douglas Kellner, Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989a). 9. Douglas Kellner, ‘Ideology, Marxism, and Advanced Capitalism,’ Socialist Review 42 (November–December 1978); Douglas Kellner, ‘TV, Ideology and Emancipatory Popular Culture,’ Socialist Review 45 (May–June 1979). 10. Russell Jacoby, The Last Intellectuals: American Culture in the Age of Academe (New York: Basic Books: 1987). 11. Herbert Marcuse, Hegel’s Ontology and the Theory of Historicity, trans. Seyla Benhabib (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987). 12. Fredric Jameson, ‘Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism,’ New Left Review 146 ( July–August 1984): 53–92.

4 Craig Calhoun

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, April 12, 2010, New York, NY. 2. Jürgen Habermas, Knowledge and Human Interests, trans. Jeremy J. Shapiro (London: Heinemann, 1972). 3. Jürgen Habermas, Legitimation Crisis, trans. Thomas McCarthy (London: Heinemann, 1976). 4. Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. I: Reason and the Rationalization of Society, trans. Thomas McCarthy. Boston: Beacon, 1984); Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. II: Lifeworld and System, trans. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon, 1987). 5. Craig Calhoun, ed., Habermas and the Public Sphere (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1992). 6. Craig Calhoun, ‘Postmodernism as Pseudohistory,’ Theory, Culture and Society 10 (1993): 75–96. 7. Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics (London and New York: Verso, 2005). 8. Craig Calhoun and Georgi Derluguian, eds., Business as Usual: The Roots of the Global Financial Meltdown; The Deepening Crisis: Governance Challenges after Neoliberalism; Aftermath: A New Global Economic Order? (New York: New York University Press, 2011). 9. Craig Calhoun, Critical Social Theory: Culture, History and the Challenge of Difference (Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Basil Blackwell, 1995). 210 Notes

5 Seyla Benhabib

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, April 13, 2010, New Haven, CT. 2. G.W.F. Hegel, The Phenomenology of Spirit, trans. A.V. Miller (Oxford: Clarendon, 1977). 3. G.W.F. Hegel, Elements of the Philosophy of Right, ed. Allen W. Wood, trans. H.B. Nisbet (Cambridge, UK, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991). 4. John Smith, The Spirit of American Philosophy (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1983). 5. Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno, The Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. John Cumming (New York: Continuum, 1989). 6. Seyla Benhabib, ‘Modernity and the Aporias of Critical Theory,’ Telos (Fall, 1981): 39–59. 7. Seyla Benhabib, Critique, Norm, and Utopia: A Study of the Foundations of Critical Theory (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986). 8. Jürgen Habermas, The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: Twelve Lectures, trans. Frederick G. Lawrence (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987). 9. Seyla Benhabib and Drucilla Cornell, eds, Feminism as Critique: Essays on the Politics of Gender in Late- Capitalist Societies (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987). 10. Seyla Benhabib, ‘The Generalized and the Concrete Other. The Kohlberg– Gilligan Controversy and Feminist Theory,’ in Seyla Benhabib and Drucilla Cornell, eds, Feminism as Critique: Essays on the Politics of Gender in Late- Capitalist Societies (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987). 11. Nancy Fraser, ‘What is Critical about Critical Theory? The Case of Habermas and Gender,’ in Seyla Benhabib and Drucilla Cornell, eds, Feminism as Critique: Essays on the Politics of Gender in Late- Capitalist Societies (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987). 12. Seyla Benhabib, Judith Butler, Drucilla Cornell, and Nancy Fraser, Feminist Contentions: A Philosophical Exchange (New York: Routledge, 1995). 13. Jean- Franc¸ois Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, trans. Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1984). 14. Seyla Benhabib, Situating the Self. Gender, Community and Postmodernism in Contemporary Ethics (New York: Routledge, 1992). 15. Jacques Derrida, Of Grammatology, trans. Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak (Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976). 16. Jacques Derrida, ‘White Mythology: Metaphor in the Text of Philosophy,’ trans. F. C.T. Moore, New Literary History 6 (Autumn, 1974): 5–74. 17. Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism (New York: Harcourt, 1973). 18. See Laura Secor, ‘Testaments Betrayed: Yugoslavian Intellectuals and the Road to War,’ Lingua Franca 9, 6 (September 1999). 19. Theodor W. Adorno, Negative Dialectics, trans. E.B. Ashton. (New York: Seabury Press, 1973). 20. Jürgen Habermas, The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, trans. Thomas Burger (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1989). 21. Chantal Mouffe, ‘Democracy, Power, and the “Political”,’ In Selya Benhabib, ed., Democracy and Difference: Contesting the Boundaries of the Political (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996). Notes 211

22. Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a Radical Democratic Politics (London and New York: Verso, 2005). 23. Dick Howard and Karl E. Klare, eds, The Unknown Dimension: European Marxism since Lenin (New York: Basic Books, 1972). 24. Jürgen Habermas, The Postnational Constellation: Political Essays, ed. and trans. Max Pensky (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001). 25. Jürgen Habermas, The Divided West (Cambridge, UK and Malden, MA: Polity Press, 2006). 26. Seyla Benhabib, ‘Obligation, Contract, and Exchange: The Opening Arguments of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right,’ in Z.A. Pelczynski, ed., Hegel on Civil Society and the State (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984). 27. Seyla Benhabib, The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era (Princeton and Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, 2002).

6 Andrew Arato

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, April 14, 2010, New York, NY. 2. Herbert Marcuse, One- Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (Boston: Beacon Press, 1964). 3. Herbert Marcuse, Reason and Revolution: Hegel and the Rise of Social Theory (Boston: Beacon Press, 1960). 4. Herbert Marcuse, Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud (Boston: Beacon Press, 1966). 5. Jürgen Habermas, Knowledge and Human Interests, trans. Jeremy J. Shapiro (London: Heinemann, 1972). 6. Jürgen Habermas, Theory and Praxis, trans. J. Viertel (Boston: Beacon Press, 1973). 7. Georg Lukács, History and Class Consciousness: Studies in Marxist Dialectics, trans. Rodney Livingstone (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1968). 8. Georg Lukács, The Theory of the Novel: A Historico- Philosophical Essay on the Forms of Great Epic Literature, trans. Anna Bostock (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1971). 9. Andrew Arato, ‘Lukács’ Theory of Reification,’ Telos 11 (Spring 1972): 25–66. 10. Andrew Arato, ‘The Neo- Idealist Defense of Subjectivity,’ Telos 21 (Fall 1974): 108–61. 11. Jürgen Habermas, Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy, trans W. Rehg (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996). 12. Karl Marx, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (Moscow: Progress, 1977). 13. Karl Marx, The Class Struggle in France: 1848 to 1850 (Moscow: Progress, 1979). 14. Karl Marx, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy Vol. 1 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1983); Karl Marx, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy Vol. 2 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1986); Karl Marx, Capital: A Critique of Political Economy Vol. 3 (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1984). 15. Karl Polanyi, The Great Transformation (New York: Farrar and Rinehart, 1944).

7 Ben Agger

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, April 16, 2010, Arlington, TX. 212 Notes

2. John O’Neill, Making Sense Together: An Introduction to Wild Sociology (New York: Harper and Row, 1974). 3. Timothy W. Luke and Ben Agger, eds, A Journal of No Illusions: Telos, Paul Piccone, and the Americanization of Critical Theory (New York: Telos Press, 2011). 4. Ben Agger, The Sixties at 40: Leaders and Activists Remember and Look Forward (Boulder and London: Paradigm Publishers, 2009). 5. Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno, The Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. John Cumming (New York: Continuum, 1989). 6. G.W.F. Hegel, The Phenomenology of Mind, trans. J.B. Baillie (London: Allen and Unwin, 1931). 7. Karl Marx, The Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, ed. Dirk J. Struik, trans. Martin Milligan (New York: International Publishers, 1964). 8. Jean Paul Sartre, Being and Nothingness: An Essay in Phenomenological Ontology, trans. Hazel E. Barnes (New York: Citadel Press, 1964). 9. Herbert Marcuse, One- Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society (Boston: Beacon Press, 1964). 10. Talcott Parsons, The Structure of Social Action: A Study in Social Theory with Special Reference to a Group of Recent European Writers (New York: McGraw- Hill Book Company, Inc., 1937). 11. Talcott Parsons, The Social System (Glencoe, IL: Free Press, 1951). 12. Ben Agger, Reading Science: A Literary, Political, and Sociological Analysis (Dix Hills, New York: General Hall, Inc., 1989). 13. Martin Heidegger, Being and Time, trans. John Macquarrie and Edward Robinson (London: SCM Press, 1962). 14. Paul Piccone, ‘Phenomenological Marxism,’ Telos 9 (fall 1971): 3–31. 15. Timothy W. Luke, Social Theory and Modernity: Critique, Dissent, and Revolution (London: Sage Publications, 1990); Paul Piccone, ‘The Crisis of One- Dimensionality,’ Telos 35 (Spring 1978): 43–54. 16. Ben Agger, Fast Capitalism: A Critical Theory of Significance (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989). 17. Jacques Derrida, Specters of Marx, the State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning, & the New International, trans. Peggy Kamuf (Routledge, 1994). 18. Giovanna Borradori, ed., Philosophy in a Time of Terror. Dialogues with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003). 19. Jürgen Habermas, Knowledge and Human Interests, trans. Jeremy J. Shapiro (London: Heinemann, 1972). 20. Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. I: Reason and the Rationalization of Society, trans. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon, 1984); Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. II: Lifeworld and System, trans. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon, 1987). 21. Theodor W. Adorno, Negative Dialectics, trans. E.B. Ashton (New York, Seabury Press, 1973). 22. Russell Jacoby, Social Amnesia: A Critique of Conformist Psychology from Adler to Laing (Boston: Beacon Press, 1975). 23. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1967). 24. Ben Agger, Socio(onto)logy: A Disciplinary Reading (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989). Notes 213

25. Ben Agger, Public Sociology: From Social Facts to Literary Acts (New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2000). 26. Ben Agger, Oversharing: Presentations of Self in the Internet Age (New York and London: Routledge, 2012). 27. Sherry Turkle, Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other (New York: Basic Books, 2011). 28. Ben Agger, Gender, Culture, Power: Toward a Feminist Postmodern Critical Theory (Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 1993). 29. Ben Agger, The Virtual Self: A Contemporary Sociology (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2004).

8 Nancy Fraser

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, September 1, 2010, New York, NY. 2. Michel Foucault, The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (New York: Routledge, 2002). 3. Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, trans. Alan Sheridan (New York: Vintage Books, 1995). 4. Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality Vol. 1: The Will to Knowledge (London: Penguin, 1976); Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality Vol. 2: The Use of Pleasure (London: Viking, 1985); Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality Vol. 3: The Care of Self (London: Viking, 1986). 5. Richard Rorty, Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1979). 6. Nancy Fraser, ‘Foucault on Modern Power: Empirical Insights and Normative Confusions,’ Praxis International 1, 3 (October 1981): 272–87. 7. Jean- Franc¸ois Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge, trans. Geoff Bennington and Brian Massumi (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1984). 8. Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. I: Reason and the Rationalization of Society, trans. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon, 1984); Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. II: Lifeworld and System, trans. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon, 1987). 9. Nancy Fraser, ‘Feminist Politics in the Age of Recognition: A Two- Dimensional Approach to Gender Justice,’ Studies in Social Justice 1, 1 (2007). 10. Nancy Fraser, ‘Feminism, Capitalism, and the Cunning of History,’ New Left Review 56 (March–April, 2009).

9 Robert J. Antonio

1. Interviewed by Patricia Mooney Nickel, May 11, 2011, Lawrence, KS. 2. W.F. Cottrell, Energy and Society: The Relationship Between Energy, Social Change, and Economic Development (New York: McGraw- Hill Book Company, 1955). 3. Hans Peter Dreitzel, ed., Recent Sociology No. 2: Patterns of Communicative Behaviour (New York: Macmillan Company, 1970). 4. Theodore Abel, Systematic Sociology in Germany (New York: Columbia University Press, 1929). 214 Notes

5. Theodore Abel, The Foundation of Sociological Theory (New York, Random House, 1970). 6. C. Wright Mills, The Sociological Imagination (first published in Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1959. Reprinted in New York: Oxford University Press, 2000). 7. Michel Foucault, Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason, trans. R. Howard (New York: Random House, 1965). 8. Jürgen Habermas, Knowledge and Human Interests, trans. Jeremy J. Shapiro (London: Heinemann, 1972). 9. Harold Garfinkel, ‘Conditions of Successful Degradation Ceremonies,’ American Journal of Sociology 61, 5 (March 1956): 420–24. 10. Robert J. Antonio, ‘The Processual Dimension of Degradation Ceremonies: The Chicago Conspiracy Trial, Success or Failure?’ British Journal of Sociology 23, 3 (September, 1972): 287–97. 11. Enzo Paci, The Function of the Sciences and the Meaning of Man, trans. Paul Piccone and James E. Hansen (Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 1972). 12. Robert J. Antonio, ‘Absolutizing the Particular,’ Fast Capitalism 5.1 (2009). www.fastcapitalism.com. 13. Douglas Kellner, Herbert Marcuse and the Crisis of Marxism (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1984). 14. Douglas Kellner and Steven Best, Postmodern Theory: Critical Interrogations (Houndmills, Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1991). 15. Seyla Benhabib, Critique, Norm, and Utopia: A Study of the Foundations of Critical Theory (New York, Columbia University Press, 1986). 16. Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. I: Reason and the Rationalization of Society, trans. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon, 1984); Jürgen Habermas, The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. II: Lifeworld and System, trans. Thomas McCarthy (Boston: Beacon, 1987). 17. Michel Foucault, The Birth of Biopolitics: Lectures at the Collège de France, 1978–1979, trans. Graham Burchell (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008).

10 Epilogue

1. Göran Therborn, From Marxism to Post-Marxism? (London and New York: Verso, 2008), 105. 2. Ben Agger, The Virtual Self: A Contemporary Sociology (Maldon, MA and Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004b): 3. 3. Since these interviews were conducted, many of the participants have offered analyses of these developments. See Ergin Bulut’s summary of Nancy Fraser’s February 28, 2011 lecture, ‘Marketization, Social Protection, Emancipation’ (Thursday, March 3, 2011). http://unitcrit.blogspot.com/ 2011/03/ 228- lecture- nancy- fraser- marketization.html; Timothy W. Luke, ‘Blow Out, Blow Back, Blow Up, Blow Off: The Plutonomic Politics of Economic Crisis since 2001,’ Fast Capitalism 8.2 (2011); Craig Calhoun and Georgi Derluguian, eds, Business as Usual: The Roots of the Global Financial Meltdown (New York: New York University Press, 2011a); Craig Calhoun Notes 215

and Georgi Derluguian, eds, The Deepening Crisis: Governance Challenges after Neoliberalism (New York: New York University Press, 2011b); Craig Calhoun and Georgi Derluguian, eds, Aftermath: A New Global Economic Order? (New York: New York University Press, 2011c); Seyla Benhabib, ‘The Arab Spring: Religion, Revolution and the Public Sphere,’ Eurozine (May, 2011b) http:// www.eurozine.com/pdf/2011-05-10- benhabib- en.pdf. Also see Ben Agger’s comments in Daniel B. Wood, ‘Is the “Occupy Wall Street” Movement Being Hijacked by Newcomers?’ Christian Science Monitor (October 8, 2011); Daniel B. Wood and Gloria Goodale, ‘Does “Occupy Wall Street” have leaders? Does it need any?’ Christian Science Monitor (October 10, 2011). 4. Douglas Kellner, Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989a): 230. 5. For an excellent debate among ‘the next generation’ of critical theorists about the repolitization of critical theory, see the discussion of Amy Allen’s The Politics of Ourselves: Power, Autonomy, and Gender in Contemporary Critical Theory in Current Perspectives in Social Theory 29 (The Diversity of Social Theories), 2011. 6. See Douglas Kellner, Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989a). 7. Also see Ben Agger The Sixties at 40: Leaders and Activists Remember and Look Forward (Boulder and London: Paradigm Publishers, 2009). 8. See Ben Agger, The Decline of Discourse: Reading, Writing and Resistance in Postmodern Capitalism (New York: Falmer Press, 1990); Ben Agger, A Critical Theory of Public Life: Knowledge, Discourse, and Politics in an Age of Decline (London: RoutledgeFalmer, 1991b); Ben Agger, Public Sociology: From Social Facts to Literary Acts, 2nd ed. (New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2007). 9. See Ben Agger and Beth Anne Shelton, Fast Families, Virtual Children: A Critical Sociology of Families and Schooling (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2007). 10. See Ben Agger, Speeding up Fast Capitalism: Culture, Jobs, Families, Schools, Bodies (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2004a). 11. See Ben Agger, Postponing the Postmodern: Sociological Practices, Selves, and Theories (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2002); The Virtual Self: A Contemporary Sociology (Maldon, MA and Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004b); Ben Agger, Oversharing: Presentations of Self in the Internet Age (New York and London: Routledge, forthcoming 2012). 12. See Ben Agger, Cultural Studies as Critical Theory (London and Washington DC: Falmer Press, 1992b). 13. See Ben Agger, Body Problems: Running and Living Long in a Fast Food Society (New York: Routledge, 2011). 14. See Robert J. Antonio, ‘The Cultural Construction of Neoliberal Globalization,’ in The Blackwell Companion to Globalization, ed. George Ritzer (Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2008); Robert J. Antonio, ‘Climate Change, the Resource Crunch, and the Global Growth Imperative,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 26, Part I (2009a); Robert J. Antonio and Alessandro Bonanno, ‘ Post- Fordism in the United States: The Poverty of Market Centered Democracy,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 16 (1996); Robert J. Antonio and Alessandro Bonanno ‘A New Global Capitalism? From “Americanism and Fordism” to “Americanization- Globalization,”’ American Studies 41, 2–3 216 Notes

(2000); Robert J. Antonio and Alessandro Bonanno, ‘Democracy in the Era of Globalization,’ Research in Rural Sociology and Development 9 (2003); Robert J. Antonio and Alessandro Bonanno, ‘Periodizing Globalization: From Cold War Modernization to the Bush Doctrine,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 24 (2006a); Robert J. Antonio and Alessandro Bonanno, ‘Globalization, the Crisis of Realization, and New Forms of Consumption,’ Research in Political Sociology 15, Part IV (2006b); Robert J. Antonio and Robert J. Brulle, ‘The Unbearable Lightness of Politics: Climate Change Denial and Political Polarization,’ Sociological Quarterly 52, 2 (2011). 15. Andrew Arato, Civil Society, Constitution, and Legitimacy (New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2000); Jean Cohen and Andrew Arato, Civil Society and Political Theory (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992). 16. Andrew Arato, ‘Redeeming the Still Redeemable: Post Sovereign Constitution Making,’ International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society 22, 4 (2009a); Andrew Arato, ‘Democratic Constitution- Making and Unfreezing the Turkish Process,’ Philosophy and Social Criticism 36, 3/4 (2010); Andrew Arato and Jean Cohen, ‘Banishing the Sovereign? Internal and External Sovereignty in Arendt,’ Constellations 16, 2 (2009). 17. Andrew Arato, ‘Social Theory, Civil Society, and the Transformation of Authoritarian Socialism,’ in Crisis and Reform in Eastern Europe, edited by F. Fehér and Andrew Arato (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1991); Andrew Arato, ‘Constitution and Continuity in the East European Transitions Part I: Continuity and its Crisis,’ Constellations 1, 1 (1994); Andrew Arato, Constitution Making Under Occupation: The Politics of Imposed Revolution Iraq (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009b). 18. Andrew Arato, ‘The Occupation of Iraq and the Difficult Transition from Dictatorship,’ Constellations 10, 3 (2003); Andrew Arato, ‘Sistani v. Bush: Constitutional Politics in Iraq,’ Constellations 11, 2 (2004); Andrew Arato, ‘Democratic Constitution- Making and Unfreezing the Turkish Process,’ Philosophy and Social Criticism 36, 3/4 (2010). 19. See Seyla Benhabib, Democracy and Difference: Contesting Boundaries of the Political (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996); Seyla Benhabib, ‘On European Citizenship: Replies to David Miller,’ Dissent 45, 4 (Fall 1998); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Citizens, Residents, and Aliens in a Changing World: Political Membership in the Global Era,’ Social Research 66, 3 (Fall 1999b); Seyla Benhabib, ‘The Liberal Imagination and the Four Dogmas of Multiculturalism,’ Yale Journal of Criticism 12, 2 (Fall 1999d); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Citizens, Residents, and Aliens in a Changing World: Political Membership in the Global Era,’ Social Research 66, 3 (Fall 1999e); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Transformations of Citizenship: The Case of Contemporary Europe,’ Government and Opposition 37, 4 (Autumn 2002a); Seyla Benhabib, The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era (Princeton and Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, 2002c); Seyla Benhabib, Jeremy Waldron, Bonnie Honig, and Will Kymlicka. Another Cosmopolitanism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Democratic Exclusions and Democratic Iterations,’ European Journal of Political Theory 6, 4 (October 2007a); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Democracy, Demography, and Sovereignty.’ Law & Ethics of Human Rights 2, 1 (2008a); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Ancient Battles, New Prejudices, and Future Perspectives: Turkey and the EU,’ Constellations 13, 2 ( June 2006); Seyla Benhabib and Notes 217

Judith Resnik, eds Migrations and Mobilities: Citizenship, Borders, and Gender (New York: New York University Press, 2009); Seyla Benhabib, Ian Shapiro, and Danilo Petranovic´o, eds Identities, Affiliations, and Allegiances (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Political Geographies in a Global World: Arendtian Reflections,’ Social Research: An International Quarterly 69, 2 (Summer 2002b); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Borders, Boundaries, and Citizenship,’ PS: Political Science & Politics 38, 4 (October) (2005a); Seyla Benhabib, The Rights of Others: Aliens, Residents, and Citizens (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004a). 20. See Seyla Benhabib, ‘“Nous” et “les Autres”: The Politics of Complex Cultural Dialogue in a Global Civilization,’ in Multicultural Questions, eds Christian Joppke and Steven Lukes (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999c); Seyla Benhabib, The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era (Princeton and Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, 2002c); Seyla Benhabib, The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era (Princeton and Oxfordshire: Princeton University Press, 2002c). 21. See Seyla Benhabib and Drucilla Cornell, eds Feminism as Critique: Essays on the Politics of Gender in Late- Capitalist Societies (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1987); Seyla Benhabib, ‘On Contemporary Feminist Theory,’ Dissent 36, 3 (Summer, 1989c); Seyla Benhabib, Situating the Self. Gender, Community and Postmodernism in Contemporary Ethics (New York: Routledge, 1992b); Seyla Benhabib, Judith Butler, Drucilla Cornell, and Nancy Fraser, Feminist Contentions: A Philosophical Exchange (New York: Routledge, 1995); Seyla Benhabib and Judith Resnik, eds Migrations and Mobilities: Citizenship, Borders, and Gender (New York: New York University Press, 2009). 22. See Seyla Benhabib, ‘The Legitimacy of Human Rights,’ Daedalus 137, 3 (Summer 2008b); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Claiming Rights across Borders: International Human Rights and Democratic Sovereignty,’ American Political Science Review 103, 4 (2009a); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Another Universalism: On the Unity and Diversity of Human Rights,’ Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association 81, 2 (November) (2007b); Seyla Benhabib, The Rights of Others: Aliens, Residents, and Citizens (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004a); Seyla Benhabib, Dignity in Adversity: Human Rights in Troubled Times (Cambridge: Polity, 2011a). 23. See Seyla Benhabib, ‘International Law and Human Plurality in the Shadow of Totalitarianism: Hannah Arendt and Raphael Lemkin,’ Constellations 16, 2 (2009b); Seyla Benhabib, ‘On the Alleged Conflict between Democracy and International Law,’ Ethics & International Affairs 19, 1 (2005c); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Report on the Battle for Greater Openness in Turkey,’ Dissent 56, 1 (Winter 2009c); Seyla Benhabib, ‘The Return of Political Theology: The Scarf Affair in Comparative Constitutional Perspective in France, Germany and Turkey,’ Philosophy & Social Criticism 36, 3–4 (2010); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Ancient Battles, New Prejudices, and Future Perspectives: Turkey and the EU,’ Constellations 13, 2 ( June 2006); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Law of Peoples, Distributive Justice, and Migrations,’ Fordham Law Review 72, 5 (2004b). 24. See Seyla Benhabib, ‘Models of Public Space: Hannah Arendt, the Liberal Tradition, and Jürgen Habermas,’ in Habermas and the Public Sphere, ed. Craig Calhoun (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992a); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Deliberative Rationality and Models of Democratic Legitimacy,’ Constellations 1, 1 218 Notes

(April 1994a); Seyla Benhabib, ‘On Culture, Public Reason, and Deliberation: Response to Pensky and Peritz,’ Constellations 11, 2 (June 2004c); Seyla Benhabib and Fred Dallmayr, eds The Communicative Ethics Controversy (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1990); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Beyond Interventionism and Indifference: Culture, Deliberation and Pluralism,’ Philosophy & Social Criticism 31, 7 (November 2005b). 25. See Seyla Benhabib, Situating the Self. Gender, Community and Postmodernism in Contemporary Ethics (New York: Routledge, 1992b). Seyla Benhabib, ‘Strange Multiplicities: The Politics of Identity and Difference in a Global Context,’ Macalester International 4, 1 (1997); Seyla Benhabib, ‘Sexual Difference and Collective Identities: The New Global Constellation,’ Signs 24, 2 (Winter 1999a); Seyla Benhabib, Ian Shapiro, and Danilo Petranovic´o, eds Identities, Affiliations, and Allegiances (Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007). 26. See Craig Calhoun, ‘Class Consciousness of Frequent Travelers: Towards a Critique of Actually Existing Cosmopolitanism,’ South Atlantic Quarterly 101, 4 (Fall 2002a); Craig Calhoun, ‘Imagining Solidarity: Cosmopolitanism, Constitutional Patriotism, and the Public Sphere,’ Public Culture 14, 1 (2002b); Craig Calhoun, ‘A World of Emergencies: Fear, Intervention, and the Limits of Cosmopolitan Order,’ Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 41, 4 (2004); Craig Calhoun, Nations Matter: Culture, History, and the Cosmopolitan Dream (Abington and New York: Routledge, 2007a); Craig Calhoun, ‘Social Solidarity as a Problem for Cosmopolitan Liberalism,’ in S. Benhabib, I. Shapiro, and D. Petranovich, eds Identities, Affiliations, and Allegiances (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007b); Craig Calhoun, ‘Nationalism and the Cultures of Democracy,’ Public Culture 19, 1 (2007c). 27. See Craig Calhoun, ‘The University and the Public Good,’ Thesis Eleven, 84 (2006a); Craig Calhoun, ‘Is the University in Crisis?’ Society (May/June 2006b). 28. See Nancy Fraser, Justice Interruptus: Critical Reflections on the ‘Postsocialist’ Condition (New York and London: Routledge, 1997); Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth, Redistribution or Recognition? A Political- Philosophical Exchange (London and New York: Verso, 2003). 29. See Nancy Fraser, ‘Reinventing the Welfare State,’ Boston Review XIX (March 1994): 1–7; Nancy Fraser, ‘Talking about Needs: Interpretative Contests and Political Conflicts in Welfare- State Societies,’ Ethics 99 ( January 1989b): 291–313; Nancy Fraser, Scales of Justice: Reimagining Political Space in a Globalizing World (New York: Columbia University Press, 2010a); Nancy Fraser, ‘Injustice at Intersecting Scales: On “Social Exclusion” and the “Global Poor,”’ European Journal of Social Theory 13, 3 (2010b); Nancy Fraser and Linda Gordon, ‘A Genealogy of “Dependency”: Tracing a Keyword of the US Welfare State,’ Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 19, 2 (Winter 1994). 30. See Nancy Fraser, ‘Reframing Justice in a Globalizing World,’ New Left Review 36 (November–December 2005); Nancy Fraser, ‘Feminist Politics in the Age of Recognition: A Two- Dimensional Approach to Gender Justice,’ Studies in Social Justice 1, 1 (2007); Nancy Fraser, Scales of Justice: Reimagining Political Space in a Globalizing World (New York: Columbia University Press, 2010a); Nancy Fraser, ‘Injustice at Intersecting Scales: On “Social Exclusion” and the “Global Poor,”’ Notes 219

European Journal of Social Theory 13, 3 (2010b); Nancy Fraser, ‘Reframing Justice in a Globalizing World,’ New Left Review 36 (November–December 2005). 31. See Nancy Fraser, ‘Feminist Politics in the Age of Recognition: A Two- Dimensional Approach to Gender Justice,’ Studies in Social Justice 1, 1 (2007); Nancy Fraser, ‘Feminism, Capitalism, and the Cunning of History,’ New Left Review 56 (March–April 2009). 32. Douglas Kellner, Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989a). 33. See Douglas Kellner, ‘Television Socialization,’ Mass Media/Adult Education 46 (Fall/Winter 1977–78); Douglas Kellner, ‘TV, Ideology and Emancipatory Popular Culture,’ Socialist Review 45 (May–June 1979a); Douglas Kellner, ‘Toward Emancipatory Popular Culture and Media Politics,’ Cultural Correspondence 9 (Spring 1979b): 52–3; Douglas Kellner, ‘Television Images, Codes, and Messages,’ Televisions 7, 4 (1980); Douglas Kellner, ‘Network Television and American Society: Introduction to a Critical Theory of Television,’ Theory and Society 10, 1 (1981); Douglas Kellner, ‘Television Myth and Ritual,’ Praxis 6 (1982); Douglas Kellner, ‘Critical Theory, Commodities, and the Consumer Society,’ Theory, Culture, and Society 1, 3 (1983); Douglas Kellner, ‘Critical Theory, Mass Communications, and Popular Culture,’ Telos 62 (Winter 1984/85); Douglas Kellner, ‘Public Access Television: Alternative Views,’ Radical Science Journal 16 (1985); Douglas Kellner, ‘The Great American Dream Machine: The Ideological Functions of Popular Culture in the United States,’ In Democracy Upside- Down, Fred Exoo, ed. (New York: Praeger, 1987); Douglas Kellner, Television and the Crisis of Democracy (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1990); Douglas Kellner, ‘The Crisis in the Gulf and the Mainstream Media,’ Journal of Electronic Communication 2, 1 (1991a); Douglas Kellner, ‘Film, Politics, and Ideology: Reflections on Hollywood Film in the Reagan Era,’ The Velvet Light Trap 27 (Spring 1991b); Douglas Kellner, ‘U.S. Television, the Crisis of Democracy, and the Persian Gulf War,’ in Media, Crisis, and Democracy, edited by Marc Raboy and Bernard Dagenais (London: Sage, 1992a); Douglas Kellner, ‘Public Access Television and the Struggle for Democracy,’ Democratic Communications in the Information Age, Janet Wasko and Vincent Mosco, eds (Peterborough, Ont. Garamond Press, 1992b); Douglas Kellner, ‘Television and Democracy,’ in Social Problems, Craig Calhoun and George Ritzer, eds (New York: Mc- Graw-Hill, 1992c); Douglas Kellner The Persian Gulf TV War (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1992d); Douglas Kellner, ‘The Bush Administration’s Big Lies: A Case Study of Media Manipulation and Disinformation,’ Interaction 11, 1 (1993); Douglas Kellner, ‘Cultural Studies, Multiculturalism, and Media Culture,’ in Gender, Race and Class in Media, Gail Dines and Jean Humez, eds (Beverley Hills: Sage, 1995a); Douglas Kellner, Media Culture: Cultural Studies, Identity and Politics Between the Modern and the Postmodern (London and New York: Routledge, 1995b); Douglas Kellner, ‘Sports, Media Culture, and Race – Some Reflections on Michael Jordan,’ Sociology of Sports Journal 13, 4 (1996a); Douglas Kellner, ‘The Gulf War and Propaganda,’ in Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in Mass Media and Society, Alison Alexander and Jarice Hanson, eds (Guilford, CT: Dushkin Publishing Group, 1996b); Douglas Kellner, ‘Media Culture, Social Theory, and Cultural Studies: A Reply to Some Critics,’ Symposium on Douglas Kellner, Media Culture, in Research in 220 Notes

Philosophy and Technology 17 (1998a); Douglas Kellner, ‘The X- Files, Paranoia, and Conspiracy: From the ’70s to the ’90s,’ Framework 41 (Autumn 1999b); Douglas Kellner, ‘The X- Files and the Aesthetics and Politics of Postmodern Pop,’ Journal of Aesthetics 57, 2 (1999c); Douglas Kellner, ‘September 11, the Media, and War Fever,’ Television and New Media 3, 2 (2002a); Douglas Kellner, ‘September 11, Terrorism, and Blowback,’ Cultural Studies<=>Critical Methodologies 2, 1 (2002c); Douglas Kellner, Media Spectacle (London and New York: Routledge, 2003); Douglas Kellner, Media Spectacle and the Crisis of Democracy (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers, 2005); Douglas Kellner, Cinema Wars: Hollywood Film and Politics in the Bush/Cheney Era (Malden, MA and UK: Blackwell, 2010). 34. See Douglas Kellner, ‘Reading Images Critically: Toward a Postmodern Pedagogy,’ Boston Journal of Education 170, 3 (1989c); Douglas Kellner, ‘Man Trouble,’ Review of Education/Pedagogy/Cultural Studies 17, 2 (1995c); Douglas Kellner, ‘Multiple Literacies and Critical Pedagogy in a Multicultural Society,’ Educational Theory 48, 1 (1998b); Douglas Kellner, ‘Multiple Literacies and Critical Pedagogy in a Multicultural Society,’ in The Promise of Multiculturalism, George Katsiaficas and Teodros Kiros, eds (New York and London: Routledge: 1998c); Douglas Kellner, ‘New Technologies/ New Literacies: Reconstructing Education for the New Millennium,’ Teaching Education 11, 1 (2000b); Douglas Kellner, ‘Multiple Literacies and Critical Pedagogies: New Paradigms,’ In Revolutionary Pedagogies. Cultural Politics, Instituting Education, and the Discourse of Theory, in Peter Pericles Trikonis, ed. (New York and London: RoutledgeFalmer: 2000c); Douglas Kellner, ‘Globalization and New Social Movements: Lessons for Critical Theory and Pedagogy,’ in Globalization and Education, Nicholas Burbules and Carlos Torres, eds (New York and London: Routledge, 2000d); Douglas Kellner, ‘Critical Pedagogy, Cultural Studies, and Radical Democracy at the Turn of the Millennium: Reflections on the Work of Henry Giroux,’ Cultural Studies, Critical Methodologies 1, 2 (2001b); Douglas Kellner, ‘Critical Perspectives on Visual Literacy,’ Journal of Visual Literacy 22, 1 (2002e); Douglas Kellner, Guys and Guns Amok: Domestic Terrorism and School Shootings from the Oklahoma City Bombings to the Virginia Tech Massacre (Boulder, CO: Paradigm Press, 2008). 35. See Douglas Kellner, ‘Intellectuals and New Technologies,’ Media, Culture, and Society 17, 2 (1995d); Douglas Kellner, ‘Intellectuals, the New Public Spheres and Techno- Politics,’ New Political Science 41–2 (Fall 1997). 36. Douglas Kellner, ‘Virilio, War, and Technology: Some Critical Reflections,’ Theory, Culture and Society 16, 6–5 (1999a); Douglas Kellner, ‘From Nam to the Gulf: Postmodern Wars?’ in The Vietnam War and Postmodernity, Michael Bibby, ed. (Amherst, MA: University of Massachussetts Press, 2000a); Douglas Kellner, Grand Theft 2000: Media Spectacle and a Stolen Election (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2001a); Douglas Kellner, ‘Postmodern War in the Age of Bush II,’ New Political Science 24, 1 (2002b); Douglas Kellner, ‘The X- Files and Conspiracy: A Diagnostic Critique,’ in Conspiracy Nation. The Politics of Paranoia in Postwar America, Peter Knight, ed. (New York: New York University Press: 2002d). 37. See Douglas Kellner, ‘Globalization and the Postmodern Turn,’ in Globalization and Europe, Roland Axtmann, ed. (London: Cassells, 1998d); Douglas Kellner, Notes 221

‘Globalization From Below? Toward a Radical Democratic Technopolitics,’ Angelaki 4, 2 (1999d); Douglas Kellner, ‘Globalization, Technopolitics and Revolution,’ Theoria 48, 98 (December 2002f). 38. See Timothy W. Luke, ‘Political Correctness or Professional Correctness: The Leisure of the Theory Class,’ Telos 97 (Fall 1993a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Discipline as Disciplinary Normalization: Networks of Research,’ New Political Science 21, 3 (1999c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘From Pedagogy to Performativity: The Crises of Research Universities, Intellectuals and Scholarly Communication,’ Telos 131 (2005a). 39. See Timothy W. Luke, ‘Radical Ecology and the Crisis of Political Economy,’ Telos 46 (Winter 1980–81); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Ecology and Critical Theory,’ Quarterly Journal of Ideology VII, 4 (1983a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Informationalism and Ecology,’ Telos 56 (Summer 1983b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Notes for a Deconstructionist Ecology,’ New Political Science 11 (Spring 1983c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Chernobyl: The Packaging of Transnational Ecological Disaster,’ Critical Studies in Mass Communication 4, 4 (1987); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Politics of Deep Ecology,’ Telos 76 (Summer 1988); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Community and Ecology,’ Telos 88 (Summer 1991c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘From Commodity Aesthetics to Ecology Aesthetics: Arts and the Environmental Crisis,’ Art Journal 51, 2 (1992b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Green Hustlers: A Critique of Eco-Opportunism,’ Telos 97 (Fall 1993d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Worldwatching at the Limits to Growth,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 5, 2 (1994d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Ecological Politics and Local Struggles: Earth First! As an Environmental Resistance Movement,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 14 (1994e); Timothy W. Luke, ‘On Environmentality: Geo- Power and Eco- Knowledge in the Discourses of Contemporary Environmentalism,’ Cultural Critique 31 (Fall 1995a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Reproducing Planet Earth: Terraforming Technologies at Biosphere 2,’ The Ecologist 25 (1995b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Between Democratic Populists and Bureaucratic Greens: The Limits of Liberal Democratic Responses to the Environmental Crisis,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 15 (1995c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Nature Conservancy or the Nature Cemetery: Buying and Selling “Perpetual Care” as Environmental Resistance,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 6, 2 (1995d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Postmodern Populism and Ecology,’ Telos 103 (Spring 1995e); Timothy W. Luke, Ecocritique: Contesting the Politics of Nature, Economy, and Culture (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The World Wildlife Fund: Ecocolonialism as Funding the Worldwide “Wise Use” of Nature,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 8, 2 (1997f); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Nature Protection or Nature Projection? A Cultural Critique of the Sierra Club,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 8, 1 (1997g); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The (Un)Wise (Ab)use of Nature: Environmentalism as Globalized Consumerism,’ Alternatives: A Journal of World Policy 23, 2 (1998); Timothy W. Luke, Capitalism, Democracy, and Ecology: Departures from Marx (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1999a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Environmentality as Green Governmentality,’ in Discourses of the Environment, Eric Darier, ed. (Oxford: Blackwell, 1999b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Wilderness Society: Environmentalism or Environationalism,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 10, 4 (1999e); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Beyond Birds: Biopower and Birdwatching in the World of Audubon,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 11, 3 (2000c); 222 Notes

Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Missouri Botanical Garden: Reworking Biopower as Florapower,’ Organization & Environment 13, 3 (2000d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘“One- Dimensional Man”: A Systematic Critique of Human Domination and Nature- Society Relations,’ Organization & Environment 13, 1 (2000e); Timothy W. Luke, ‘SUVs and the Greening of Ford: Reimaging Industrial Ecology as an Environmental Corporate Strategy in Action,’ Organization & Environment 14, 3 (2001b); Timothy W. Luke, Education, Environment and Sustainability: What are the Issues, Where to Intervene, What Must be Done?’ Educational Philosophy and Theory 33, 2 (2001c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Pleasures of Use: Federalizing Wilds, Nationalizing Life at the National Wildlife Federation,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 12, 1 (2001e); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Practices of Adaptive and Collaborative Environmental Management: A Critique,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 13, 4 (2002b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Deep Ecology: Living as if Nature Mattered: Devall and Sessions on Defending the Earth,’ Organization & Environment 15, 3 (2002c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Global Cities vs. “global cities”: Rethinking Contemporary Urbanism as Public Ecology,’ Studies in Political Economy 71 (Spring 2003b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Death of Environmentalism or the Advent of Public Ecology,’ Organization & Environment 18(2005b): 489–94; Timothy W. Luke, ‘Neither Sustainable nor Development: Reconsidering Sustainability in Development,’ Sustainable Development 13, 4 (2005c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Revisiting Bill McKibben and the End of Nature,’ Organization & Environment 18, 2 (2005b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Politics of True Convenience or Inconvenient Truth: Struggles over How to Sustain Capitalism, Democracy, and Ecology in the 21st Century,’ Environment and Planning A 40, 8 (2008b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘In Defense of the American West: Edward Abbey’s Desert Solitaire,’ Organization and Environment 21, 2 (2008a). 40. See Timothy W. Luke, ‘Dependent Development and the OPEC States: State Formation in Saudi Arabia and Iran Under the International Energy Regime,’ Studies in Comparative International Development XX, 1 (1985b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Other Global Warming: The Impact of “Perestroika” on the United States,’ Telos 81 (Fall 1989c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘On Post- War: The Significance of Symbolic Action in War and Deterrence,’ Alternatives: A Journal of World Policy XIV, 3 (1989d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Postcommunism in the USSR: The McGulag Archipelago,’ Telos 84 (Summer 1990a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Discourse of Development: A Genealogy of “Developing Nations” and the Discipline of Modernity,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 11 (1991a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Discipline of Security Studies and the Codes of Containment: Learning from Kuwait,’ Alternatives: A Journal of World Policy XVI, 3 (1991d): 315–44; Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Discourse of Deterrence: National Security as Communicative Interaction,’ Journal of Social Philosophy XXII, 1 (1991f); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Discourse of Development: A Genealogy of “Developing Nations” and the Discipline of Modernity,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 11 (1991f); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Localized Spaces. Globalized Places: Tracing the Pacific Rim,’ Journal of Pacific Studies 17 (1993b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘From 1789 to 1989: Postcommunism as Unsoviet Disunion in the Commonwealth of Independent States,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 13 (1993c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Discourses of Disintegration/Texts of Transformation: Re- Reading Realism in the Notes 223

New World Order,’ Alternatives: A Journal of World Policy XVIII, 2 (1993e); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Placing Powers/Siting Spaces: The Politics of Global and Local in the New World Order,’ Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 12, 5 (1994b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Yeltsin’s Progress: On Russia’s Pilgrimage to the West,’ Soviet and Post- Soviet Review 21, 1 (1994c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Governmentality and Contragovernmentality: Rethinking Sovereignty and Territory after the Cold War,’ Political Geography 15, 6–7 (1996a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Reconsidering Nationality and Sovereignty in the New World Order,’ Political Crossroads 8, 1–2 (1997b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Real Interdependence: Discursivity and Concursivity in International Politics,’ in Language, Agency, and Politics in a Constructed World, Francois Debrix, ed. (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 2003a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘International or Interenvironmental Relations: What Happens to Nations and Niches in Global Ecosystems?’ Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 28, 3 (2003c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘9.11.01 and Its Global Aftermath: Empire Strikes Back,’ Current Perspectives in Social Thought 24 (2006a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Insurgency of Global Empire and the Counter Insurgency of Local Resistance: New World Order in an Era of Civilian Provisional Authority,’ Third World Quarterly 28, 2 (2007b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Unbundling the State: Iraq, the ‘Recontainerization’ of Rule, Production, and Identity,’ Environment and Planning A 39, 7 (2007a). 41. See Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Politics of Images: Artwriting as Cultural Criticism,’ Art Papers 10, 6 (1991b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Beyond Hyperecology: Art and the Ephemeraculture of Late Capitalism,’ Art Papers 15, 1 (1991g); Timothy W. Luke, ‘From Commodity Aesthetics to Ecology Aesthetics: Arts and the Environmental Crisis,’ Art Journal 51, 2 (1992b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Picturing Politics at the Exhibition: Art, History and National Identity in the American Culture Wars of the 1990s,’ Australasian Journal of American Studies 16, 2 (1996b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Memorializing Mass Murder: Entertainmentality at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum,’ ARENA Journal 6 (1996d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Museum Pieces: Politics and Knowledge at the American Museum of Natural History,’ Australasian Journal of American Studies 16, 2 (1997c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Nuclear Reactions: The (Re)Presentation of Hiroshima at the National Air and Space Museum,’ ARENA Journal 8 (1997e); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Inventing the Southwest: Native American Culture at the Heard Museum,’ Art Papers 16, 1 (1997h); Timothy W. Luke, Shows of Force: Power, Politics, and Ideology in Art Exhibitions. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 1999d; Timothy W. Luke, Museum Politics: Power Plays at the Exhibition (Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press, 2002a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘From Downtown D.C. to Dulles International Airport: Displaying the Enola Gay and Hiding Hiroshima at the National Air & Space Museum Annex,’ ARENA Journal 22 (2004a): 73–81. 42. See Timothy W. Luke, Screens of Power: Ideology, Domination, and Resistance in Informational Society (Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1989a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The New Social Movements: Conflict. Social Cleavages and Class Contradictions in Emergent Informational Societies,’ New Political Science 16 (Fall 1989b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Rights and the Rise of Informational Society,’ Journal of Social Philosophy XXIII, 1 (Spring 1992a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Informationalization and Culture: The Mass Media as Transnational Communities,’ History of European Ideas 20, 4–6 (1995f); Timothy W. Luke, 224 Notes

‘Humanities, Multimedia and the Information Society,’ SITES: A Journal for South Pacific Cultural Studies 32 (Autumn 1996c); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Liberal Society and Cyborg Subjectivity: The Politics of Environments, Bodies and Nature,’ Alternatives: A Journal of World Policy XXI, 1 (1996e); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Liberal Society and Cyborg Subjectivity: The Politics of Environments, Bodies, and Nature,’ Alternatives XXI, 1 (1996f); Timothy W. Luke, ‘On Being Digital in the Electronic Village and Info- City,’ Futures Bulletin 22, 1 (1996g); Timothy W. Luke, ‘The Politics of Digital Inequality: Access, Capabilities, and Distribution in Cyberspace,’ New Political Science 41/42 (Fall 1997d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Cyborg Enchantments: Commodity Fetishism and Human/ Machine Interactions,’ Strategies 13, 1 (2000a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Dealing with the Digital Divide: The Rough Realities of Cyberspace,’ Telos 118 (Winter 2000b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Reconstructing Nature: How the New Informatics are Rewrighting Place, Power, and Property as Bitspace,’ Capitalism Nature Socialism 12, 3 (2001a); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Cyberspace as Metanation: The Net Effects of E- Public Life Online,’ Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 26, 2 (2001d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Cybercritique: A Social Theory of Online Agency and Virtual Structures,’ Current Perspectives in Social Theory 22 (2003d); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Education, International Relations and the Net,’ International Relations 18, 2 (2004b); Timothy W. Luke, ‘Resampling Core Concepts: Doubts About Common Knowledge for Information Technology,’ International Journal of Technology, Knowledge and Society 1, 4 (2006b). 43. Douglas Kellner and Rick Roderick, ‘Recent Literature on Critical Theory,’ New German Critique 23 (Spring–Summer 1981): 144. Bibliography

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Abel, Theodore 174 Birnbaum, Norman 89 academia see universities Blau, Peter 68 academic disciplines 50–1, 68, 76–7, Boggs, Carl 53 79–80, 158, 164 Bourdieu, Pierre 65, 77 activism 11–12, 101, 155, 156, 176–7 Brazil 122 Adorno, Theodor W. 28–9, 118, 119, Britain 139, 140, 152 and cultural studies 136 Agger, Ben 3–4, 10–11, 49, 199, and federalism 115 202, 204 Bronner, Stephen 42, 49 Agger, Robert E. 132, 204 Brunkhorst, Hauke 122 Allen, Amy 101 Budapest School 18 Alone Together: Why We Expect More Buffalo cohort 16, 132 from Technology and Less from Each Butler, Judith 92, 164 Other (Turkle) 145 alter-globalization 47–8 Calhoun, Craig 12, 56, 204 American Journal of Sociology Capital: A Critique of Modern Economy (AJS) 184, 185–6 (Marx) 126 American Political Science Review 147 Capital III 89 American pragmatism 158 capitalism 168–9, 171, 189, 190 American Sociological Review 147, 186 in Germany 29 anthropology 55, 62, 63 global 122 anticipatory utopian task 105 late 39, 78, 100, 171 anti- liberal populism 189 Caws, Peter 156 Antonio, Robert J. 3, 5, 8, 204 central planning 113, 127 Arato, Andrew 8, 204 Centre for Psychosocial Studies 71 Arendt, Hannah 90, 94 Charter 77 circle 18, 33 Aronson, Ron 50 Chicago group 70–3 artificial negativity 30, 31, 135, 195 ‘Chicago Seven’ Conspiracy Trial 176 Arvidson, Enid 140–1 Christian Science Monitor 151 authoritarian personality 28–9 citizenship 38, 99, 199 civil society 114 Baudrillard, Jean 25, 193 The Claims of Culture: Equality Bauman, Zygmunt 100 and Diversity in the Global Era Beilharz, Peter 1, 66 (Benhabib) 104 Being and Nothingness: An Essay class 36, 60, 192 in Phenomenological Ontology new 18–19, 32 (Sartre) 131 The Class Struggle in France: Being and Time (Heidegger) 134 1848 to 1850 (Marx) 126 Benhabib, Seyla 8–9, 50, 56, 73, 156, Cohen, Jean 6, 89, 90, 109, 111, 187, 204 114, 184 Berman, Russell 16 cohorts 16, 70–3 Bernstein, Richard 50, 155 communication between 35, 51–2, Best, Steven 4, 183 143–5, 162–3

241 242 Index commodification 169, 170, 171 cultural theorists 151 communication turn 19–20 Current Perspectives in Social communist parties 161 Theory 199–200 computers, effect on teaching critical Current Sociology 59 theory 54 ‘Conditions of Successful Degradation Dahms, Harry 199, 200 Ceremonies’ (Garfinkel) 176 D’Antonio, Bill 174 conferences DaSilva, Fabio 175 as means of communication deconstruction 142–3 162, 163 democracy 122, 123 purposes 57–8 Democracy and Difference: Contesting conflict theories 174 the Boundaries of the Political Constellations 7, 95–6, 101, 112 (Benhabib) 97 constitutional courts 117 Democratic Socialists of America The Consumer Society (Baudrillard) 25 (DSA) 68 Contemporary Perspectives in Social demystification of domination 172 Theory 186 Derrida, Jacques 93–4, 100, 137–8, continental philosophy 49 139, 142–3, 154 Cornell, Drucilla 92, 98 and Fraser 158 corporate globalization 48 deviance 175, 176, 177 cosmopolitanism 38, 47–8, 75–6, Dewey, John 184, 185, 192 99, 100 diagnostic task of critical Cottrell, Fred 173 theory 105 courts 117 The Dialectical Imagination: A History Critical Social Theory: Culture, History of the Frankfurt School and and the Challenge of Difference the Institute of Social Research, (Calhoun) 80–1 1923−1950 ( Jay) 45 critical sociology 178 Dialectic of Enlightenment (Horkheimer Critical Sociology 199–200 and Adorno) 142, 152 critical theory The Dialectic of Ideology and Technology contemporary status 8 (Gouldner) 32 definition 12, 26, 33 Dickens, David 180 diagnostic and anticipatory utopian Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the tasks 105 Prison (Foucault) 157, 193 practice of 3, 10, 26–7, 204 discourses 55, 83–4, 151–2, 172 as vocation 30 Dissent 101 Critical Theory, Marxism, and Modernity The Divided West (Habermas) 99 (Kellner) 46 domination, demystification of 172 Critique, Norm, and Utopia: A Study of Dreitzel, Hans Peter 173–4 the Foundations of Critical Theory Dubrovnik circle 160 (Benhabib) 91, 104, 105, 187 Dubrovnik course 95 For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign (Baudrillard) 25 Eastern Europe 120, 121 critique, systemic 7, 9, 125 Eastern European Telos 18–19 CTheory (formerly Canadian Journal of ecology 168–9, 171–2 Political and Social Theory) 146 The Economic and Philosophical Cultural Critique 188 Manuscripts of 1844 (Marx) 131, Cultural Politics 59 138 cultural studies 57, 72, 136 Economy and Society (Weber) 177 Index 243

The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Foucault, Michel 8, 12 Bonaparte (Marx) 126 and Agger 153–4 Eley, Geoff 71 and Antonio 175, 185, 193, 196 elite politics 168 and Arato 118, 119 emails for communication 144 and Calhoun 77 emancipation 172 and Fraser 157, 158–9 emancipatory theory 185 and Kellner 60 empiricism, midwestern 133 and Luke 23, 27 empiricists, behavior 135 and postmodernism 179–80 Energy and Society: The Relationship ‘Foucault on Modern Power: Between Energy, Social Change, Empirical Insights and Normative and Economic Development Confusions’ (Fraser) 160 (Cottrell) 173 The Foundation of Sociological Theory epistemology 60 (Abel) 174 equality 114 Frankfurt Assembly, 1848 126 equity 92 Frankfurt School 16, 19, 28–30, Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical 107–8, 159, 204 Inquiry into Freud (Marcuse) 14 and Agger 133–4, 136 Eros and Civilization (Marcuse) 42, in America 76 107 and Antonio 175, 177–8 An Essay on Liberation (Marcuse) and Benhabib 94 14–15 and Calhoun 63–4, 65, 66 European Union 114 and feminism 153, 154 existential Marxism 137 influence on New Left 203 and Kellner 42–3 Facebook 145–6 and Luke 14–15, 17, 27 Between Facts and Norms: Contributions and positivism 152 to a Discourse Theory of Law and Fraser, Nancy 3, 11–12, 50, 56, 70, Democracy (Habermas) 118 73, 127, 204 false consciousness 141, 142, 151 French Communist Party 161 fascism 28, 112 ‘The French Derrideans: Politicizing Fast Capitalism (Agger) 49, 58, 59, Deconstruction or Deconstructing 135, 136, 146–8, 199–200 the Political?’ (Fraser) 12 Feagin, Joe 154 French theory 7, 43, 137 federalism 115–16 see also postmodernism Feenberg, Andrew 50 functionalism 174 felt needs 106 The Function of the Sciences and the feminism and critical theory 59, Meaning of Man (Paci) 178 81–2, 153–4, 158, 164, 168–70 The Future of Intellectuals and the Rise ‘Feminism and the Question of of the New Class (Gouldner) 32 Postmodernism’ (Benhabib) 92 Feminism as Critique: Essays on the Garfinkel, Harold 176 Politics of Gender in Late- Capitalist gender see feminism and critical Societies (Benhabib and theory Cornell) 92, 93 Gender, Culture, and Power: Toward a Feminist Contentions: A Philosophical Feminist Postmodern Critical Theory Exchange (Benhabib et al.) 93 (Agger) 10, 153, 154 financial crises 77 Gensenko et al. 5 Flacks, Dick 138, 144 Gerbner, George 58 244 Index

German critical theory 42–3, 49 Hegemony and Social Strategy: Towards Germany 28, 29 a Radical Democratic Politics global capitalism 122 (Laclau and Mouffe) 73–4, 97 global governance 98, 100 Heidegger, Martin 72, 134 globalization 47–8, 78–9, 189, 190 Heinz, Eric 197 global realignment 100 Herbert Marcuse and the Crisis of Gluckman, Max 68 Marxism (Kellner) 58, 182 Gouldner, Alvin 32, 58, 186 Hernandez-Céla, César 177 governance 97–8, 100, 168 hierarchy in universities 85, 86 Of Grammatology (Derrida) 93 higher education and Gramsci, Antonio 22–3, 64, 66, 80, privatization 198–9 125–6, 180 see also universities grand narrative 141 historicism 184 grant proposals 151 History and Class Consciousness: Studies grape and lettuce strike 176 in Marxist Dialectics (Lukács) 108 The Great Transformation (Polyani) 127 History of Ideas program growth 190–1, 193 (Brandeis) 88 The History of Sexuality Habermasians 55–6, 73, 76 (Foucault) 157 Habermasian turn 30 history, social 63 Habermas in the Public Sphere History Workshop 64 (Calhoun) 70 Horkheimer, Max 140, 152 Habermas, Jürgen 7, 8, 11, 12, 17, hostility to critical theory 149–51 19–21, 24, 43, 44, 63, 99 Howard, Dick 90, 98 and Agger 136, 138–9 human rights 104 and Antonio 175, 184 Hungary 116, 121 and Arato 107–8, 109–10 Hypatia 160 and Benhabib 90–1, 92, 99 and Calhoun 69, 84 identity politics 153 and Derrida 137–8 ideology 124–6 and Fraser 165–6 and Agger 142 and Kellner 56 and Antonio 191–4 and norms 118 and Benhabib 105–6 and Piccone 188, 189 and Calhoun 79–81, 90 resistance to 96–7 and Fraser 170 split 7, 56, 94, 95, 187–8 and Kellner 48–9, 55 habitus 170 and Luke 35 Harding, Sandra 50 immanent critique 5, 203, 204 Harries, Karsten 89 and Antonio 183, 184, 185, 190, Harvey, David 57, 75, 171, 183 191, 192, 193, 196 Hayden, Tom 136, 138, 140 and Benhabib 8–9 Hegel, G.W.F. 88, 89 and Kellner 45–6 Hegelian-Marxism 157, 158–9, India 115, 117, 122 169, 185 inequality 85–6 Hegel on Civil Society and the State injustice 26 (Pelczynski) 103 inspiration 172 Hegel’s Ontology and the Theory of institutional design 114, 116 Historicity (Marcuse) 56 institutional frameworks 113–17, hegemony 55, 124, 125 119–21, 166–8, 189–91 Index 245 intellectuals 54–5, 84–5, 87, 149 The Last Intellectuals: American Culture definition 150 in the Age of Academe ( Jacoby) 33 interdisciplinarity 150 late capitalism 39, 78, 100, 171 International Journal of Late Capitalism (Mandel) 39 Communications 58 Lee, Ben 71, 163 Internet 143 Left liberal alliance 111 and publishing 146–9 legal theory 104, 105 interpersonal interactions 194 legitimation 124, 125 Iran 120–1 Legitimation Crisis (Habermas) 19, 20 Iraq 120 Lemert, Charles 154, 180 Israel 117 letters for communication 143, 144 ‘Istanbul Dialogues on Civilization’ lifeworld level 165–6 101 liquid modernity 100 Italy 19 localistic, the 31 logocentrism 138 Jacoby, Russell 33, 53, 134, 153 see also positivism Jameson, Frederic 24, 57, 72, 192, Logos 58 195 Lukács, Georg 18, 108, 126 Jay, Martin 28, 45 ‘Lukács’s Theory of Reification’ Journal of Communications 58 (Arato) 109 journal publishing online 146–8 Luke, Timothy W. 3–4, 6, 12–13, A Journal of No Illusions: Telos, Paul 73, 204 Piccone and the Americanization Lyotard, Jean-François 92, 93, 137, of Critical Theory (Agger and 153, 160 Luke) 130 MacIntyre, Alisdair 1, 88 Kalyvas, Andreas 101 Madness and Civilization: A History Kansas Telos Group 5, 180–1 of Insanity in the Age of Reason Keane, John 131–2 (Foucault) 175 Keck, Margaret 156 Making Sense Together: An Introduction Kellner, Douglas 4, 9–10, 150, to Wild Sociology (O’Neill) 128 181–3, 204 Malley, Lawrence 34, 35 Kent, Bob 198 Mandel, Ernest 39, 40, 78 knowledge Marcuse, Herbert 14, 15, 19, 29, 56, commercialization and 106, 107, 133 instrumentalization 84 and Fraser 155 embodied 65 and Kellner 42, 58, 60 production 204 Marcus, Lyn 89 as social good 85 Markovic, Mihailo 95, 112 Knowledge and Human Interests Marxism 24–5, 27, 28, 31, 49, 63 (Habermas) 63, 107–8, 138, 175 and Agger 140–1 Kohlberg, Lawrence 71 determinism 4 Krieger, Leonard 107, 108 and Fraser 157, 158–9, 162 Kroker, Arthur 146 humanist 66, 133 KU (University of Kansas) 198, 199 influence on Calhoun 64 and protests 178 and institutional matters 167 mathematized 177 Laclau, Ernesto 4, 73–4, 97, 98–9 orthodox 39, 44, 98, 204 Lasch, Christopher 31, 33 phenomenological 11, 132, 135, 178 246 Index

Marxism – continued NEH (National Endowment for positivism 4 the Humanities) Fellowship post 35–6, 43–4 competition 181 and postmodernism 57, 137 ‘The Neo- Idealist Defense of reaction against 161 Subjectivity’ (Arato) 109 Soviet 8 neo-liberalism 30–1, 47, 56, 77, 85, Marxism–Leninism 18, 48 168, 171 From Marxism to Post- Marxism and Antonio 189, 190, 193, 195, (Therborn) 2 198 Marx, Karl 126, 127, 192 networks, governance 97–8 Max- Planck Institute, Starnberg 91 New American Movement and McCarthyism 161 Democratic Socialist Organizing McCarthy, Tom 56, 70, 92 Committee 68 McCumber, John 50 new class 18–19, 32 Mead, George Herbert 175–6, 179 New French Theory 7 Mead, Margaret 174 New German Critique 45, 58 media studies 58 New Left 44, 67, 134, 135–6, 161, mentors 14, 58, 68–9, 155, 156, 197–8 173 New Left Review (NLR) 64, 160 Merton, Robert 68, 87, 174 new obscurity 167 meta-norms 119, 120 New York cohort 16, 101 methodological nationalism 80 New Zealand 117 Meyer, Gerhard 107–8 Nicholson, Linda 89, 156 microphysics of power 153–4 norms 118–20 middle class 36 North American critical theory midwestern empiricism 133 institutional frameworks 113–17, Miguens, José 174 119–21, 166–8, 189–91 Mills, C. Wright 26, 138, 174, 186 label 4, 159–60, 202: and modernism 179–80 Antonio 183; and Calhoun 12, ‘Modernity and the Aporias of Critical 65–6, 67; and Fraser 159–60; Theory’ (Benhabib) 9, 91 and Kellner 44; and Luke Moore, Sally Falk 68 15–16 Mouffe, Chantal 4, 74, 97, 98–9 split 7, 55, 56, 69, 187–8, 201–2 multiculturalist moment 153 uniqueness 3, 7, 49, 60, 96, 110, myths 55 137, 159, 160: and Calhoun 66 narratives 55, 80–1, 82, 141, 153 Obama, Barack 136 nationalism ‘Obligation, Contract, and Exchange: methodological 80 The Opening Arguments of Yugoslav 95 Hegel’s Philosophy of Right’ National Socialism 28 (Benhabib) 102–3 nation-state 99 one-dimensionality 192 ‘Natural Right and Hegel: An Essay One- Dimensional Man: Studies in the on Modern Political Thought’ Ideology of Advanced Industrial (Benhabib) 89 Society (Marcuse) 14, 15, 107, nature 171–2 131, 133 Negative Dialectics (Adorno) 139 O’Neill, John 128, 131, 132, 137 negativity, artificial 30, 31, 135, online journals 146–8 195 ontology 60, 82–3 Index 247

The Order of Things: An Archeology of populism 31, 33, 37–8, 45, 76, 189 the Human Sciences (Foucault) 157 Port Huron Statement 138 The Origins of Totalitarianism positivism 4, 138, 152 (Arendt) 94 positivists 150–1 orthodox Marxism 39, 44, 98, 204 Possible Futures 77–8 Oversharing: Presentations of Self in the post-Marxism 35–7, 43–4, 74, 75, Internet Age (Agger) 145 98, 141–2 The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Pan, David 16 Knowledge (Lyotard) 92, 93, 160 Parsons, Talcott 131, 174 postmodernism 9, 57, 136, 192 participatory parity 168 and Agger 150 peer reviews 148 and Antonio 179, 183, 194, 195–6 Pelczynski, Zbigniew 89 and Calhoun 72 Perry, Rick 47 distinction from ‘Phenomenological Marxism’ post-structuralism 160–1 (Piccone) 135 and feminism 92–3 The Phenomenology of Mind and Luke 23–6 (Hegel) 131 and Marxism 137 The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: ‘Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic Twelve Lectures (Habermas) 44, 92 of Late Capitalism’ ( Jameson) 57 philosophy Postmodern Theory: Critical Interrogations as academic discipline 50–1 (Kellner and Best) 183 analytic 96, 156, 157–8 postmodern turn 1, 7, 195, 201, 204 continental 49 postnational constellation 100 and job market 52–4 The Postnational Constellation: Political and tenure 164 Essays (Habermas) 99 Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature Postone, Moishe 70, 163 (Rorty) 157 Postponing the Postmodern: Sociological Philosophy in a Time of Terror, Dialogues Practices, Selves, and Theories with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques (Agger) 141, 153 Derrida (Borradori) 138 post-structuralism 160–1 Piccone, Paul 16–18, 19, 30, 32, power, microphysics 153–4 33, 53, 109 pragmatism 158, 179, 185 and Agger 131, 132, 134 Praxis 48 18 and Antonio 178, 180, 185 Praxis group 133 and artificial negativity 195 Praxis International 7, 95, 112, 160 and Calhoun 68 private organizations 38 and Habermas 188, 189 ‘The Processual Dimension of and immanent critique 184 Degradation Ceremonies: The and local movements 31 Chicage Conspiracy Trial, Success and phenomenology 135 or Failure?’ (Antonio) 176 and the Right 45, 112 professionalization 102, 103, 164 planetarianism 39–40 protests, participation 176–7, 178 Plato 127 publication, opportunities for 58–9, Poland 18, 121 146–8 Polanyi, Karl 127 public organizations 38 politics, critique 38–9 Public Sociology: From Social Facts Popper, Karl 127 to Literary Acts (Agger) 142, popular and elite politics 168 147, 152 248 Index public sphere 21–3, 55, 56, 69–71, The Sixties at 40: Leaders and Activists 139–40 Remember and Look Forward (Agger) 135–6 race 154 Skrtic, Tom 198 racism 48 Smith, David 198, 200 radical democracy 97–8 Smith, John 89 radical French theory 43, 49 Social Amnesia: A Critique of Conformist radical orthodoxy 32 Psychology from Adler to Laing Raubdruck editions 42 ( Jacoby) 153 reading groups 70–2, 87, 89, 162–3 social anthropology 62 Reading Science: A Literary, Political, social democracy 114, 123 and Social Analysis (Agger) 133, Social Forces 186 147, 152 social history 63 Reason and Revolution: Hegel Social History 64 and the Rise of Social Theory socialism 46, 113, 166–7 (Marcuse) 42, 107 Socialist Caucuses of the Labor Recent Sociology No. 2: Patterns of Committees 89 Communicative Behaviour 173–4 Socialist Labor Committee 156 recognition and redistribution 104, Socialist Scholars Conference 51 204 social movements 168 re- embedding of the economy 127 social networking sites 145–6 regions 31, 123, 124 social ontology 83 rejectionism 159 social reproduction 77, 169, 171–2 religion 31–2, 33 The Social System (Parsons) 131, reproduction, social 77, 169, 171–2 174 Reset 101 social theorist, as label 164 rights social transformation 84–6 citizens 38 The Sociological Imagination human 99, 104 (Mills) 174 women’s 104 sociology 56, 62, 63, 131, 185, Ritzer, George 177, 187 195, 198 Rorty, Richard 50, 157–8 Socio(onto)logy: A Disciplinary Reading RPA (Radical Philosophy (Agger) 142, 152 Activists) 51 Sørensen, Eva 97–8 Rudd, Mark 138 spatiality 39–40 ruptures 43, 61, 161, 181, 196, 197 Specters of Marx, the State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning, & the New sacred, the 31–2 International (Derrida) 137 Schmitt, Carl 37, 94, 111, 134, 184, The Spirit of American Philosophy 189 (Smith) 89 Schrader, George 89 state, the 38–9 science 83, 151–2 St. Louis cohort 16 Science as Culture 59 Stojanovic, Sveta 95 Scotland 115 structuralism 161 Screens of Power (Luke) 13 The Structural Transformation of the Secor, Laura 95 Public Sphere (Habermas) 21 secret writing 147 structure level 165–6 Sennett, Richard 100 The Structure of Social Action: A Study Sica, Alan 180, 189 in Social Theory with Special Index 249

Reference to a Group of Recent The Theory of the Novel: A Historico- European Writers (Parsons) 131 Philosophical Essay on the Forms of subject positions 153, 154 Great Epic Literature (Lukács) 108 SUNY-Buffalo 129–30 Therborn, Göran 2, 201 system 126 third generation critical theory 6, Systematic Sociology in Germany 15–16, 44, 50, 65, 109, 165 (Abel) 174 Torfing, Jacob 97–8 systemic critique 7, 9, 125 Toronto Telos Group (TTG) 5, 131–2 system- lifeworld distinction 110, totality 131, 141, 153, 154 165–6 Toward a Rational Society (Habermas) 20 Taylor, Charles 69, 72 tradition 31–2 techno-capitalism 46–7 Tübingen University 42–3 technology Turkle, Sherry 145 effect on teaching critical theory 54 Ulmen, Gary 94, 188–9 Telos 31–2, 108, 109, 177, 178, 180 under class 36 and Agger 134–5 United Kingdom (UK) see Britain and Calhoun 68 United States (US) and conferences 51 federalism 116 Eastern European 18, 19 universities editors’ resignation 6, 7, 189 changes 40–1, 53–5, 84–7, 101–2, and Kellner 44–5 130–1, 149, 163, 198–9 and Luke 15, 17 and protests 178 perspectives 33 The Unknown Dimension: European and populism 37 Marxism Since Lenin (Howard and split 94–5, 187–9 Klare) 98 turn to the right 184, 185 Telos groups 5, 6, 16, 90, 91, Veblen, Thorstein 67 111–12 The Virtual Self: A Contemporary Kansas 180–1 Sociology (Agger) 153 Toronto 131–2 tenure 40, 52, 53, 54, 85, 89, 103, Warriner, Chuck 177 147, 151 Wax, Murray 177 and Agger 129, 130 Weber, Max 126, 177, 191 and Antonio 187 welfare state 36 and Fraser 164 Wellmer, Albrecht 109 and Kellner 50, 59 Wexler, Philip 2 texting for communication 54, 145 ‘White Mythology: Metaphor in the theorists, behavior 135 Text of Philosophy’ (Derrida) 94 Theorizing Modernity (Antonio and Willer, Dave 177 Kellner) 183 Wittfogel, Karl 188 Theory and Practice (Habermas) 108 Wood, Ellen Meiksins 192 Theory and Society 58, 59 Theory, Culture, and Society 58 Yugoslav nationalism 95 The Theory of Communicative Action (Habermas) 139, 165–6, 188 Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung 42