VOL. 6 • NO. 6 • JULY/AUGUST 2020

Umpire Martez Thomas sanitizes a baseball between innings during a youth baseball tournament in Cottleville, Missouri. (AP Photo)

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6WT20_2,31,32_Ads.indd 2 6/11/20 12:12 PM JULY/AUGUST 2020 • VOL. 6 • NO. 6

The price Talking Poachers and Ready for of working 6 about tacos 11 13 14 COVID-19 sports? from home

Saying How clouds Well-bred goodbye to save 16 20 bread 22 24 Mincaye Spotting shipwrecks coral

Splattered with color, this image of the Moon materials,” says geologist James Skinner. looks like it lost a paintball game! But the The Unified Geologic Map of the Moon, as it colors you see are part of a code. This isn’t an is called, was released on April 20. Making The near side (right) and artist’s painting. It’s the most comprehensive the map required data from six di† erent the far side Moon map ever made. Each color represents Apollo Moon missions as well as new of the Moon. a feature of the Moon’s surface. “The darker, submissions by recent spacecra‡ . The U.S. more earth tones are these highland-type Geological Survey based in Flagsta† , terrains, and the reds and the purples tend Arizona, is responsible for the out-of-this- to be more of these volcanic and lava flow world map. (GSFC/NASA, USGS)

WORLDteen, Issue 6, July, 2020 (ISSN #2372-7349, USPS #754-830) is published 6 times per year—September, November, January, March, May, July for $35.88 per year, by God’s World News, God’s World Publications, 12 All Souls Crescent, Asheville, NC 28803. Periodicals postage paid at Asheville, NC, and additional mailing offi ces. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to WORLDteen, PO Box 20002, Asheville, NC 28802-8201. • MANAGING EDITOR: Rich Bishop, EDITOR: Rebecca Cochrane, WRITER: Kim Stegall, DESIGN DIRECTOR: Rob Patete. Member Services: (828) 435-2982, Advertising Sales: (828) 253-8063, [email protected] Mailing address: WORLDteen, PO Box 20002, Asheville, NC 28802-8201. Telephone (828) 253-8063. © 2020 God’s World News, God’s World Publications. JULY/AUGUST 2020 3

6WT20_03_Contents.indd 3 6/11/20 10:00 AM Alaska: Huge Alaska Oil Discovery An oil exploration fi rm discovered a deposit of potentially 1.8 billion barrels in Alaska’s North Slope region south of Prudhoe Oil drill rigs in Alaska Bay. Pantheon Resources PLC says the deposit is situated along the Dalton Highway and Trans-Alaska Pipeline System corridor. How did the London-based company determine how much recoverable oil is down there? It used an updated evaluation of an old exploration well and information gleaned from recent drilling nearby, offi cials said. An undrilled oil deposit is called a prospect. This one has also received a name: Talitha. Pantheon CEO Jay Cheatham says at peak production, the prospect could produce about 90,000 barrels of crude daily, lessening demand for the raw fuel component from other nations.

Da Mao at the Calgary Zoo

Canada: Pandas Go Home

A pair of giant pandas were a giant attraction at Canada’s Calgary Zoo. Sadly, the zoo is sending the big bears packing—and it’s a result of coronavirus restrictions. With fewer fl ights coming to Canada, the zoo can’t get the rapid and voluminous deliveries of fresh bamboo needed to satiate the pandas’ voracious appetites. Bamboo is rare in Canada. The pandas, Er Shun and Da Mao, are picky eaters too. Bamboo from the United States just wouldn’t do. They turned up their noses and chose to go hungry. Each panda eats about 50 pounds of bamboo daily. That’s a lot of shoots and leaves! But bamboo stays fresh for only about four or fi ve days—not much time to work with shipping delays. So the beasts that were on loan from China are going back to their homeland, where their main food source is abundant.

Paris: A Peek into Notre Dame In a glimmer of hope for a successful restoration, Notre Dame Cathedral’s forecourt opened on May 31 to the public for the fi rst time since the devastating fi re of April 15 last year. The reopening was made possible after several deep-cleaning operations took place to remove toxic lead dust. Dozens of tons of lead went up in fl ames during the fi re. That left tons of poisonous lead dust on the surrounding ground. Clearing and AP Photos opening the forecourt is just one small step—but likely one in Notre Dame in the right direction. The Gothic cathedral is still closed. It has March, 2020 several years of renovations yet ahead.

4 JULY/AUGUST 2020 know what’s real.

6WT20_04-05_Map.indd 4 6/11/20 10:05 AM Alaska: Huge Alaska Oil Discovery Italy: Roman Villa Between the vineyards in the hills of Valpolicella, Italy, lies . . . a mosaic tile fl oor. Archaeologists found the well-preserved surface made of tiny colorful tiles and bits of glass “in a good state of conservation.” The fl oor is evidence that the villa that once stood there was bigger than originally thought. The residence was fi rst discovered in 1922. It dates from the third century. Archaeologists now think the home encompasses about 2,700 square feet. This mosaic fl oor is from the servant’s quarters of the villa. It was briefl y uncovered, photographed, and then covered back up for now. Once all coronavirus restrictions lift, offi cials and landowners will decide how to make the historic site open to the public. A section of the mosaic fl oor

A dog swims in the overfull Sea of Galilee.

Israel: Sea of Galilee Filled

In Northeastern Israel, the Sea of Galilee is full for the fi rst time in two decades. The Gospels brim with stories from the area. Jesus called four disciples there. He calmed choppy waves, fed thousands of people, walked on water, and taught the Sermon on the Mount at this lake. Jesus compared water and thirst to spiritual needs. The area around the sea, which is commonly called Lake Kinneret today, has certainly known its share of “thirst” in the last 20 years. Human populations depend on the famed body of water. That demand plus many consecutive dry years had depleted much of the lake’s resources. But an extra-wet winter refi lled the Jordan River and the underground aquifers that feed it. Now, the world’s lowest-lying freshwater lake is nearly running over again—and with that come blessings for the people and animals who live there.

The stone turtle Cambodia: Symbolic Turtle Found “Live long and prosper.” Some people recognize those words as the “Vulcan salute” from Star Trek. Christians and Jews know them as a summary of the blessing Aaron gave to the gathered people of Israel in Numbers 6:24-26. Centuries ago, several Asian cultures also valued long life and wellbeing. Rather than look to the one true God for it, Hindus and Buddhists looked within the creation. They saw the turtle as a symbol of longevity and good fortune. This spring, Cambodian archaeologists unearthed a 10th-century stone turtle from the temple complex at Angkor. The massive artifact

AP Photos measures 22 by 37 inches. The Khmer Empire-era temple stood at the site of Srah Srang, one of Angkor’s several reservoirs. In building the complex, Angkor residents buried symbolic objects like this one underground. They believed the artifacts were sacred and had power to bring blessing and dispel curses. JULY/AUGUST 2020 5 know what’s real.

6WT20_04-05_Map.indd 5 6/11/20 10:08 AM Evolution Y American Taco

Ask Americans to describe a taco, and you’ll get a variety of answers— each one more mouthwatering than the previous. You can enjoy a taco with carne asada (sliced grilled beef) and corn tortillas in East Los Angeles. In Dallas, it might be a flour wrap with pit-grilled pork known as al pastor (“shepherd style”). A Memphis taco could come with albondigas (meat- balls!) and collard greens. Really? It’s true. The American love a† air ethnic Mexicans became Mexican with the taco has brought adapta- Americans. The taco north of the new versions with potatoes and curry tions of the dish across cultures and border evolved based on available called aloo tikki tacos. In both Oregon preferences in the Great American resources. One example: The Mexican and Florida, he stumbled upon K-Mex Melting Pot. Americans in Texas had access only tacos with Korean fried chicken or José R. Ralat is the Taco Editor to yellow cheese. Switching cheeses bigeye tuna sashimi. Jewish-influ- (yep, that’s his actual job title) at gave birth to what we refer to as enced kosher tacos exist in Los Texas Monthly. He’s written a book “Tex-Mex cuisine.” Angeles, and Brooklyn combined its exploring how this simple dish has Next door, isolated New Mexico famous brisket into a green salsa spread and transformed. Ralat trav- residents used red and green chiles taco. “Deli-Mex” is what some dub eled the United States researching in their tacos. California’s diverse that melt-in-your-mouth delicacy. the evolution of the taco. He population added its own flavors. No matter your heritage, there’s a recorded his findings in American Some tacos there incorporate an taco for you. “The taco is Mexico’s gi“ Tacos: A History and Guide. Asian palate. to the world,” Ralat says. “And the “No one owns the taco,” Ralat says. Some taco creators say they try to world is responding,” with a robust “It’s a living food, and I wanted to stay true to traditional taco ortho- “¡Buen provecho!” see how it is changing as we change.” doxy—but no one seems to agree on The taco is a creation of “the just what that is. Ralat says the encounter.” That’s the meeting of strongest advocates for original Spanish and indigenous American traditions come from Texas, the Ralat holds peoples. That meeting led to the corn heart of Mexican Americana. a copy of American Tacos. tortilla coming together with meats, “San Antonio does its best” to beans, and greens. A“ er the Mexican- remain authentic, Ralat says. American War ended in 1848, some The history sparked Ralat’s interest, but he enjoys the diverse epicurean results. He’s tracked the taco through demographic upheavals and mass migrations. He

found Indo-Mex tacos in AP Photos Houston. There, Indian Handout restaurants o† er snack-sized teen.wng.org/worldteen-popsmart

6WT20_06-09_Pop.indd 6 6/11/20 10:50 AM Girl with a Pearl Earring For two years, art scholars studied the world-famous painting Girl with a Pearl Earring. They scanned and scrutinized . High-tech tests performed by The Girl in the Spotlight Project gave some answers about the artist’s process and materials. But one key question remained: Who was the painter’s subject? northern England. The red is cochineal, made from bugs Johannes Vermeer is considered one of the greatest that live on cactus plants in Mexico and South America. painters of the Dutch Golden Age. Many people appreciate The ultramarine blue is ground lapis lazuli stone found in the sheer beauty of his 1665 Girl with a Pearl Earring. They present-day Afghanistan. enjoy details like the shining face, striking costume, and, of “It’s surprising how much high-quality ultramarine course, the lustrous earring. Vermeer used in the girl’s headscarf,” says conservator and There has never been an artist like the Creator. Trees, project leader Abbie Vandivere. “This blue pigment was clouds, animals, and especially people—all of His creation is more valuable than gold in the 17th century.” fascinating and beautiful. The ability to appreciate beauty Research also revealed the order in which Vermeer is part of being human, and it’s one of God’s good gi‰ s. painted. Infrared imaging showed that he began drawing In early 2018, the project researchers placed Girl with a with shades of brown and black. He then outlined the girl in Pearl Earring in a glass room. Visitors to the Mauritshuis black before working from the green background to the museum in The Hague, the Netherlands, could watch foreground. Final touches included her face, her yellow machines and researchers scan and study the painting. jacket, white collar, blue headscarf, and lastly, the quick The project’s findings revealed interesting details. dabs of white that create the pearl. Upon completion, he Microscopic paint samples pinpoint the source of Vermeer’s signed the canvas at the top le‰ . pigments. The white lead of the earring comes from Microscopic scans show tiny fragments from Vermeer’s paintbrushes embedded in the girl’s skin. Scans also A scanner is used to study indicate that Vermeer originally included eyelashes the surface of Vermeer’s Girl on the girl, but they’ve faded over the years. with a Pearl Earring at the One of the most amazing findings revealed that the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague, the Netherlands. background is not just dark, empty space. Imaging shows diagonal lines and color changes representing folded fabric in the upper right-hand corner. The girl is sitting in front of a green curtain! The curtain has mostly disappeared, says Vandivere, because of light damage and chemical changes in the green paint. Some mysteries remain. “The girl has, sadly, not revealed her identity,” says Martine Gosselink, director at the Mauritshuis. “But we have [gotten] to AP Photos Handout know her better.”

JULY/AUGUST 2020 7 know what’s real.

6WT20_06-09_Pop.indd 7 6/11/20 10:57 AM get them to want to come and experi- ence this in real life,” Hanssen says. “If you ask [your guides] to go le™ , they go le™ . If you ask them to jump, they jump. If you ask them to run, they run,” says tourist board spokesman Levi Hanssen. Nearly 50,000 people joined the first free hour-long tours. Most viewers hoped to land a one-minute slot for controlling the guide in real time via computer-game-like controls. “You’re sort of steering this person and deciding what you want to see and where you want this person to go,” says Hanssen. On one trip, a web Wish you could have traveled to a So the area’s tourist board devel- user tried to make the guide jump into faraway island during the coronavirus oped a brilliant marketing plan. Real, the ocean. Oops. quarantine? This spring, cooped-up live human guides would escort an “It’s very surreal to know that web users had an unusual opportunity: internet audience around the islands you’re walking around here in the a virtual romp around the Faroe and provide commentary during the Faroe Islands being controlled by Islands. The option boosted interest in trek. According to the website, remote someone on their sofa,” Hanssen says. the remote locale—and helped folks in tourists “can explore the Faroes’ Tours happened via kayak, horse- lockdown broaden their horizons. rugged mountains, see close-up its back, and helicopter. Guides traipsed The Faroe Islands are a Danish cascading waterfalls, and spot the through the capital of Tórshavn, the semi-independent territory. The 18 traditional grass-roofed houses by second largest city of Klaksvík, and major islands (There are 779 total!) lie interacting—live—with a local Faro- other scenic locations. about 200 miles north of Scotland, ese, who will act as your eyes and Guðrið Højgaard is CEO of Visit Faroe halfway between Norway and Iceland. body on a virtual exploratory tour.” Islands. “Now that we don’t have any God made these islands rugged, Wearing helmet cameras, guides tourists,” she says of the remote-control rocky, and wildly beautiful. Fishing and stood at the ready each day at 5 p.m. tour guide plan, “we have a lot of extra aquaculture are traditional industries. local time. They awaited instructions time on our hands.” But tourism is growing. Around 120,000 from their web audience. visitors arrived on the islands in 2019. The remote-control project was a A Faroese local However, during the pandemic, tourist way to help the industry rebound. “The equipped with travel ground to a halt. idea is to whet people’s appetite and a live video

camera lets Handout • Walkowicz: James Duncan Davidson/TED Conferences virtual visitors get an on-the-spot perspective.

8 JULY/AUGUST 2020 Islands Faroe Kirstin Vang/Visit know what’s real.

6WT20_06-09_Pop.indd 8 6/12/20 4:38 PM

Kirstin Vang/Visit Faroe Islands 6WT20_06-09_Pop.indd 9 Conferences Davidson/TED Duncan James Walkowicz: • Handout knowledge and applications from distributes videos of speakers sharing promotes global conferences and ment, design.” The TED organization TED stands for “technology, entertain- NASA. She is also a TED senior fellow. much of her career collaborating with Planetarium in Chicago. She has spent don’t stop there. Walkowicz thinks not. The similarities leap to Mars.” astronaut ready to take the next giant She’s described as “an shoes, referred to as “holographic.” in her dark hair and sparkly silver She also sports a bright purple streak The doll bears the name Luciana Vega. comes with the plaything’s package. according to the fictional book that the doll character travels among them, American Girl’s “2018 Girl of the Year.” doll. The doll entered the market as her likeness to create its astronaut based American Girl company stole American Girl toymakers—in court. posing the question to Mattel’s why the renowned astronomer is thinks she knows the answer. That’s Walkowicz works at the Adler Lucianne/Luciana—coincidence? While Walkowicz studies the stars, Walkowicz claims the Wisconsin- Who’s that girl? Lucianne Walkowicz Astronomer LucianneWalkowicz studies thestarnamedVega. aspiring I�E�T�T� I�E�T�T� the American Girl doll Vega, in conjunction with particularly studied the star omy, space, and STEM, who a a well-knownwell-known figurefigure in in astron-astron- name name and and likenesslikeness of of Lucianne,Lucianne, Luciana Vega doll. Mattel to stop selling the wants American Girl and professional stargazer Wisconsin, in April. The mark lawsuit in Madison, They filed a federal trade- and her attorney think. cal unlikelihood, Walkowicz phenomenon of astronomi- aligning unintentionally is a and first-name similarity all the star named Vega. also also lecturedlectured on on her her studiesstudies of of exploration of Mars, she has projectproject has has focusedfocused on on ethicalethical recentrecent workwork with with NASA’sNASA’s KeplerKepler followfollow starstar stu“stu“. . While While most most of of her her well known to those who closely sparkly, holographic sneakers—are which includes streaked blue hair and more. Her name and her appearance— been quoted in or interviewed for many given numerous TED Talks and has their areas of expertise. Walkowicz has “The defendants used the Mars, shoes, Vega, hair, T�E�T T�E�T JULY/AUGUST 2020 any allegations to the contrary original characters for girls. We take that it “takes great pride in creating authorization,” the lawsuit states. Luciana Vega without obtaining her American Girl said in a statement extremely seriously and intend American Girl character Luciana to defend the case to defend the case Vega isanaspiringastronaut. vigorously.” vigorously.” ney, Charles Mudd, ney, Charles Mudd, Jr., says discussions Jr., says discussions Walkowicz’s attor- Walkowicz’s attor- with Mattel have with Mattel have been unproductive. been unproductive. He says there’s no He says there’s no defense for using defense for using Walkowicz’s Walkowicz’s likeness likeness The dollcomeswith know what’s real. without her without her approval. approval. a fi ctionalbook. 6/12/20 4:38PM 9

AP Photos AP Photos AP 6/11/20 4:48 PM Emanuel Sferios was self- self- was Sferios Emanuel backyard. He’s adding squash, adding He’s backyard. backyard. He’s adding squash, adding He’s backyard. beets, kale, and broccoli in his in broccoli and kale, beets, peppers. and tomatoes, melons, beets, kale, and broccoli in his in broccoli and kale, beets, peppers. and tomatoes, melons, a tiller and planted lettuce, lettuce, planted and tiller a a tiller and planted lettuce, lettuce, planted and tiller a employed before the virus. His virus. the before employed borrowed he but up, dried work employed before the virus. His virus. the before employed borrowed he but up, dried work than civic pride. civic than than civic pride. civic than government stay-at-home orders orders stay-at-home government government stay-at-home orders orders stay-at-home government Because of the pandemic, many had time to Because of the pandemic, many had time to may have more to do with do to more have may may have more to do with do to more have may start gardens. A poster from World War II (left) II (left) War War start gardens. A poster from World start gardens. A poster from World start gardens. A poster from World War II (left) War start gardens. A poster from World A family tends a garden in Glen Allen, Virginia. A family tends a garden in Glen Allen, Virginia. A family tends a garden in Glen Allen, Virginia. A family tends a garden in Glen Allen, Virginia. “I have all this time on my hands,” he explains. he hands,” my on time this all have “I economy. stagnant a exercise, of lack Boredom, to helping are gardeners community of Scores Collective. Growers Urban co-founded Sims Laurell to wanted Egerton Bettie coronavirus, the Before take But tribulation. have will you world the In Gardening helps cure some emotional and physical physical and emotional some cure helps Gardening boom: garden the to plus another there’s But ills. others— preferring and helping, loving, are People 12:31) (Mark commands. Jesus what exactly no who kids and income without families feed programs Computer school. at meals get longer nearby. people hungry with gardeners link help their of some donating are gardeners backyard Even banks. food church and neighborhood to bounty she sick,” are neighbors our that know we “When out.” them help to able “we’re says, for community Oregon her in gardens victory revive a of idea the says she Now reasons. environmental victory like “It’s meaning. added has garden victory things.” of kinds all over 16:33 John — world. the overcome have heart;I Of course, the reason reason the course, Of garden beds. garden trend today’s behind tilled backyards and raised raised and backyards tilled social media brims with images of images with brims media social social media brims with images of images with brims media social She notes, “We don’t have poster poster have don’t “We notes, She She notes, “We don’t have poster poster have don’t “We notes, She art, but we have Instagram.” Indeed, Instagram.” have we but art, art, but we have Instagram.” Indeed, Instagram.” have we but art, version of the victory garden poster. poster. garden victory the of version version of the victory garden poster. poster. garden victory the of version gardening during the pandemic are today’s today’s are pandemic the during gardening gardening during the pandemic are today’s today’s are pandemic the during gardening During two world wars, citizens around the around citizens wars, world two During posters II, and I Wars World During experience shared a be also can today Gardening book a wrote Hayden-Smith Rose Historian familiar? Sound about Posts parallel: another sees Hayden-Smith fruits, herbs, and vegetables. Estimates Estimates vegetables. and herbs, fruits, five than more planted citizens suggest and American troops. That leƒ limited leƒ That troops. American and They complain. or fret didn’t Americans globe became farmers. Their so-called “victory so-called Their farmers. became globe bolstered and supplies food to added gardens” have have Americans Americans many many Today, Today, morale. morale. wartime wartime roots. gardening those to returned war. of kind another fighting They’re power. foreign a isn’t enemy the But virus. a It’s war” the win will “Food proclaimed How? fighting.” is food “Our and allies European to food sent America limited leƒ That troops. 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WWI during gardens million the of wake the In uncertainty. and hardship during seeds, bought gardeners would-be coronavirus, gardening online joined and videos, how-to watched groups. century’s last compares She gardens. victory about adds, She craze. growing current the to patches an was there but war, a there was only “Not of flu deadly the to referring pandemic,” influenza 1918-1919. teen.wng.org/worldteen-lawnorder teen.wng.org/worldteen-lawnorder teen.wng.org/worldteen-lawnorder 6WT20_10-11_Law.indd 10 11 6/11/20 4:48 PM know what’s real. what’s know Scott Kretchmar, a former exer- former a Kretchmar, Scott waiting. isn’t Worstenholm But we “If , sta› his told he on, Early your all with Lord the in Trust “You’re drawing people from so from people drawing “You’re country,” the of parts erent di› many those all take “[We] observes. he place, one to them bring people, together.” mixed them have professor, science sports and cise of part is risk physical that out points corona- the With sports. youth most waiting— believe people some virus, canceling—“removes or postponing risk.” unnecessary important, an for time gives waiting believe They new for and spread virus’ the slowing emerge. to treatments summer all events run to plans He up.” blows something “unless the be to going we’re right, this do this that showing for children poster this get we If safely. done be can be, we’ll what know don’t I wrong, good.” be won’t it but own your on lean not do and heart, 3:5 Proverbs — understanding. 2020 JULY/AUGUST Player Carter Herrin wears a face covering during the tournament. “My families are very wary about wary very are families “My Nebraska a of Carrow Tony Yet Individuals, rub: the There’s state California and Pediatrician check temperatures, ban hand- ban temperatures, check space of plenty put and shakes, of hundreds Still, courts. between organizers so withdrew, teams postponed. rushing] [are that states to traveling who Ott, Konrad says open,” to volleyball girls California a coaches worried were team his and He club. issues other and food, hotels, about wasn’t perhaps that location a in safely. event an host to ready were parents his says club volleyball infection low the with comfortable strong very a had “We Florida. in rate they that parents certain from voice Carrow go,” to kids their wanted living to back get to want “They says. [lives].” their the weigh must teams and families, to how and where, when, of risks normal.” to “return sports calls Pan Richard senator situations. “high-risk” tournaments Will Games play? to not or play To Rob weekend, Day Mother’s On like anything seen never “I’ve mean, “I joyful. was everyone Not the Florida, in Meanwhile, Elbow bumps instead of a Mac ves: high fi Floyd rounds the bases after smacking a homer during the tournament. postponed. Matches canceled. canceled. Matches postponed. Youth normal? to return ever athletics coronavirus the during events sports of plenty raising are pandemic eyebrows. questions—and baseball youth a held Worstenholm Missouri. 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AP Photos 6WT20_10-11_Law.indd 11 AP Photos AP start gardens. A poster from World War II (left) War start gardens. A poster from World A family tends a garden in Glen Allen, Virginia. A family tends a garden in Glen Allen, Virginia.

Krieg Barrie NASA 6/11/20 11:10 AM the proposed A rendering of SpaceX lander Currently, three companies are competing to design to competing are companies three Currently, the best option: SpaceX, led by Elon Musk; Blue Musk; Elon by led SpaceX, option: best the Origin , founded by Amazon’s Je” Dynetics, and Bezos; Je” Amazon’s by founded , Origin NASA is putting its Moon money to work. NASA granted granted NASA work. to money Moon its putting is NASA refine will companies the months, eight next the For program Moon-landing Artemis new the wants NASA Artemis. with work to company one only choose will NASA space the to committed seems company each now, Right Doering, Kim systems, space of president vice Dynetics’ opportunity the calls Smith Bob executive chief Origin Blue the fingers, your of work the heavens, your at look I When a high-tech engineering and research company. research and engineering high-tech a than more was That concept. its for million $579 Origin Blue Dynetics million. $135 SpaceX’s than more times four million. $253 received benefit The winner. a select will NASA Then concepts. their company chosen The secret: no is formula successful a of 2024. by succeed to likely most one the be will mis- multiple conduct to hopes It reusable. be to components surface. lunar the on locations multiple maintain and sions all in investing is NASA that evidence are grants the But come. to years the for three an for “potential this embraced Musk SpaceX’s program. Moon.” the on base a with space in future exciting incredibly about also but 2024 about only not excited is team her says economy. lunar long-term the “Going says, He historic. Moon the for products develop to business.” this into got we why reason the is Moon the to man is what place, in set have you which stars, the and Moon 8:3-4 Psalm — him? of mindful are you that development. grants for lander for grants The space agency agency space The awarded multiple awarded lander access to space travel. space to access proposed Blue Origin’s Blue Origin’s costs while increasing increasing while costs Altogether, that should drive down down drive should that Altogether, tition, creativity, and accountability. accountability. and creativity, tition, commercial encourages positive compe- positive encourages commercial teen.wng.org/worldteen-kaching Three private businesses are shooting for the Moon . . . . . Moon the for shooting are businesses private Three 1972. since Moon the on foot set haven’t astronauts U.S. going that believes Bridenstine Jim Administrator NASA teen.wng.org/worldteen-kaching literally. The companies hope to develop, build, and launch and build, develop, to hope companies The literally. the to astronauts returning is goal Their landers. lunar Mars. to on them sending eventually then Moon—and projects. NASA all were explorations Moon past nation’s The is Administration) Space and Aeronautics (National NASA of dawn the At government. States United the of agency an and research space NASA for funding age, aeronautics the annual U.S. the of 4.4% as much as reached programs years 50 last the over dropped has percentage That budget. with So budget. national the of 1% of one-half than less to American asked fall last NASA horizon, the on plans big landing lunar human for blueprints submit to companies Artemis new NASA’s support would landers The systems. the and woman first the send to seeks Artemis program. 2024. by Moon the of surface the to man next lander Dynetics’ proposed 6WT20_12-13_kaChing.indd 12 Home is the new o ice. This living means employees demand Denver to employ remote workers became true for many during the higher salaries. outside costly Silicon Valley. coronavirus pandemic. While this is a With most employees working from That means employees will get temporary measure for most, working home during the coronavirus pan- more out of their paychecks if they from home is becoming more and demic, companies got to see what it’s move to less expensive towns, right? more common. Tech giants such as like to have large numbers of employ- Not so fast. Facebook employees will Facebook, Microso› , Apple, and Twit- ees contributing from o site. The be required to report any moves to ter even see financial benefits for their results were encouraging. Many their boss. Zuckerberg says their pay balance sheets by letting employees employees are interested in full-time could be “adjusted” based on where work from home. And Facebook CEO remote work, and working at home they move. Over time, Facebook will Mark Zuckerberg has plans to adjust allowed them flexibility and family seek out far-flung remote workers that payroll based on employee loca- time with no long, hectic commute. they don’t have to pay as much, tion—a move that could add many Zuckerberg says Facebook is going saving the company big bucks. millions to his company’s bottom line. to be “the most forward-leaning com- This change could certainly impact For any large company, location pany on remote work at [its] scale.” employees who want to enjoy big-city matters. An appealing location This sounds good for the employees. life. But that’s how the free market ensures that people will want to work But the biggest incentive for tech com- works. Companies seek the best there, but it comes at a price. The cost panies is that it allows that sta to employees for the lowest price. of living in the United States varies work from less expensive locales. For Remote work will likely change the job greatly from place to place. Currently, example: As of April 2020, the average market and have a ripple e ect on large tech companies are based in monthly rent for an apartment in where people decide to live and work. urban centers like San Francisco and Atlanta was just $1,628, compared to New York City. These vibrant cities $3,767 for San Francisco. Whatever you do, work heartily, draw lots of people but are very So Facebook plans to open “hubs” as for the Lord and not for men expensive to live in. The high cost of in cities like Atlanta, Dallas, and — Colossians 3:23

* Median home price (3BR, 2BA)

Krieg Barrie in Atlanta = $365,726 in San Francisco = $1,263,813

NASA JULY/AUGUST 2020 13 know what’s real.

6WT20_12-13_kaChing.indd 13 6/11/20 11:13 AM AP Photos 6/11/20 11:08 AM A black rhino runs in Nairobi National Park in Kenya. Rangers prepare to go on a night patrol at the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya on May 1, 2020. More than 130 black rhinos call Ol call rhinos black 130 than More a million $2 to close to comes “That are Africa across Conservationists Pejeta home. That’s the single largest largest single the That’s home. Pejeta Africa. central and east in population Ol expensive. is them protecting But year per $10,000 about spends Pejeta conservancy protection, per rhino on says. Vigne Richard director of time the “In elaborates. he year,” completely has tourism when COVID, revenue our of most where stopped, complete a it’s . . . tourism, from comes the er aˆ look to ability Our disaster. compromised.” is rhinos poachers how see to monitoring now and advantage, take to try might will wildlife rare more even whether targeted. be John Tekeles is a patrol guide and guide patrol a is Tekeles John helping. is enforcement law ective E see, understand, enjoy, and enjoy, understand, see, God Flood, the er Aˆ for. care family his and Noah gave animals use to permission He But clothing. and food for misusing condoned never one illustrates 12:10 Proverbs animals. and righteousness between erence di regard has righteous is “Whoever evil: mercy the but beast, his of life the for cruel.” is wicked the of Pejeta Ol at unit dog the of head the says He Kenya. in Conservancy feeling are Kenyans losses financial have restrictions coronavirus to due alert more are “We guard. on him put use will poachers more maybe because says. he poach,” to in come to time this Africa in rhinos black of number The even increasing, slowly been has critically remains species the though the by report a says endangered, Conservation for Union International Nature. of Armed rangers set o in dusk at o set rangers Armed out- coronavirus the before Long a is populations animal Managing pursuit of poachers. The COVID-19 COVID-19 The poachers. of pursuit danger, new a brought has pandemic wildlife. endangered Africa’s to even bring to traveling tourists no With black protecting region, the to funds chal- more even become has rhinos poachers— because That’s lenging. living—are a make to desperate daring. more becoming rhinoceros threatened poachers break, beasts giant the kill They populations. illegal for horns their of them rob to believe mistakenly cultures Some sales. medici- and spiritual have horns rhino will beliefs those with People value. nal They horns. shorn the for bucks big pay the about care or know to seem not do from. harvested are horns the animals from humankind to given challenge naming Adam with began It creation. great God’s creatures. individual the world His filling in variety and creativity to Adam for display on was life with teen.wng.org/worldteen-globetrek 6WT20_14-15_Globe.indd 14 A black rhino runs in Nairobi National Park

Delegates applaud as Chinese President Xi Jinping arrives for a session of China’s parliament in Beijing on May 28.

A er a year of riots and anti- with the United States and others. violated its 50-year agreement, Amer- government protests in Hong Kong, For 22 years, semi-independent ica might stop playing nice with Hong China is clamping down. The country’s Hong Kong operated mostly free from Kong. U.S. o icials would treat the government banned certain activities communist control. The territory territory as part of China—complete in the semi-independent territory. U.S. became a world-class import-export with strict trade sanctions and tari s. o icials warn the new law could harm hub, a booming tourist destination, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo Hong Kong’s favored trade status. and an important financial center. “strongly urges” China to “respect Hong Kong has a complex history. Now China seems ready to break its Hong Kong’s . . . autonomy, democratic China’s Qing Empire gave Hong Kong 50-year promise. (See “Hong Kong institutions, and civil liberties.” He Island to Great Britain a er the First Freedoms Fading,” teen.wng.org/ calls these points “key to preserving Opium War in 1842. In 1898, the island node/5471.) its special status under U.S. law.” was “leased” to Britain for 99 years. In May, China’s parliament passed a Hong Kong’s government insists As British rule wound down, people national security law. The proposal the new law will a ect only a few fled Hong Kong. They feared a com- forbids anti-government activities, for- people. But many Hong Kongers munist takeover. When the British rule eign meddling, and terrorism. It comes either escaped China or have parents Rangers prepare to go ended in 1997, China promised Hong a er months of intense and sometimes who escaped. Having fled communist on a night patrol at the Kong 50 years of freedoms—ones that violent pro-democracy demonstrations. rule, they’re clinging to liberties Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya on May 1, 2020. don’t exist on the communist-ruled (See “Hong Kong Protests,” teen.wng. forbidden on the mainland. mainland. China allowed Hong Kong org/node/5526.) Most observers Seventy-year-old Jerome Lau fears to maintain its own legal, financial, believe China intends to squelch such China will crack down on public gath- and trade systems while still belong- dissent with the new law. It’s the latest erings and free speech in Hong Kong. ing to China—at first. sign that the “one country, two sys- “Until I take my last breath,” he says, “I China called this arrangement with tems” arrangement is in trouble. will come out and fight for freedom.” Hong Kong the “one country, two sys- There isn’t much the United States Righteousness exalts a nation, AP Photos tems” principle. The plan helped Hong can do about China’s actions. However, but sin is a reproach to any people. Kong enjoy a better trade standing if U.S. o icials decide that China has — Proverbs 14:34

JULY/AUGUST 2020 15 know what’s real.

6WT20_14-15_Globe.indd 15 6/11/20 11:08 AM Tribes in Ecuador’s dense rainforest once followed a brutal killing code based on fear and mistrust. But a er one deadly attack, several tribal members became unlikely testaments of grace, love, and the transforming power of the gospel. None were more changed than a warrior named Mincaye. Mincaye (mink-EYE-ee) Enquedi was born between 1935 and 1938 into the Waodani tribe. No one knows the exact date because the Waodani do not measure time. The Waodanis’ culture was vengeful and violent. Their language had no word for “peace.” Other tribes called them aucas, “naked savages.” In a small settlement near the Ewenguno (Curaray) River, Mincaye grew up learning: Kill or be killed. In September 1955, five couples devised a plan The Waodani to bring Jesus’ teachings to the Waodani. Americans tribe lives in Jim and Elisabeth Elliot, Pete and Olive Fleming, Ed and Marilou McCully, Roger and Barbara Youderian, and pilot Nate Saint and his wife Marj began “Operation Auca.” Their plan was so dangerous that Mincaye Nate Saint: Mission Aviation Fellowship • Steve Saint and Mincaye: AP Photo they didn’t tell their mission board about it. Saint began flying over a Waodani settlement. The Many people believed Operation Auca was a failure. jungle was thick. There seemed no place to land, so pilot Few understood why God let the killings happen. Yet and passenger dropped gi s—ribbons, pots, clothing—to years later, Steve Saint, Nate’s son, called the tragedy a the startled Waodani below. shining example of Genesis 50:20: “What man meant for A er months of flyovers, the missionary men landed evil, God meant for good.” on a sandbar in the Ewenguno River and set up camp in “At first blush, their death was needless,” James January 1956. Some shouted basic Waodani phrases into Boster, an anthropologist who studied the murders, told the jungle. All hoped the Waodani would become curious a reporter in 2006. and visit. But God’s love and supernatural forgiveness was on Mincaye and other Waodani came. Some tried to display, large and in your face and stronger than any talk with the missionaries. One even took warrior or weapon. rides in Saint’s yellow plane. But a er The media followed the story of the massacre with several days, confusion and fear photographs, film footage, and interviews with the spooked the tribespeople. Sadly, bereaved families. Articles told how some of the women six warriors speared all five of stayed on in Ecuador a er the killings. The eœ orts of Nate the missionaries to death. Saint’s sister, Rachel, and widowed Elisabeth Elliot led to Mincaye himself speared two the salvation of some of the very men who’d speared men, including Saint. their family members. “In the long run, the fact that their kin went back in

peace to teach was a strong signal that the [Waodani] and Education Center Indigenous People's Technology

teen.wng.org/worldteen-peoplemover

6WT20_16-19_People.indd 16 6/12/20 3:29 PM could trust both the messengers and the message,” Boster said. Mincaye accepted Jesus shortly a er Rachel Saint moved in with the tribe. (She stayed for 30 years!) Mincaye chose “God’s trail” instead of the trail he’d been following—one of anger, murder, and hate. He once said through an interpreter, “[God] took a very strong blood that Jesus His Son dripped and dripped for me. And with that very strong blood, He washed my heart until it was clean like the sky when it has no clouds in it.” Nate’s son, Steve Saint, spent summers with the tribe from the age of nine. Mincaye became a tribal grandfather to him. Steve eventually began Indige- nous People’s Technology and Education Center Nate Saint getting ready to deliver gifts to the (ITEC). That organization still helps small tribes, Waodani tribe in 1955 including the Waodani, through practical instruc- tion and the gospel. Steve Saint, left, and Mincaye pose together in On April 28, 2020, New York City in 2006. Mincaye died in the tiny village of Tzapino. He is survived by his wife Ompodae, 13 The Waodani tribe lives in children, over 50 Ecuador. grandchildren, many great-grandchildren— and tens of thousands who marvel at his story. Several of Nate Saint: Mission Aviation Fellowship • Steve Saint and Mincaye: AP Photo Mincaye’s children and grandchildren are “coming- a er ones.” That is what the Waodani call someone who accepts Jesus and truly lives His teachings. Mincaye is remembered as a “sweet, silly, always smiling, always teasing, constantly giggling grandfa- ther to many,” says Jessica Saint, wife of one of Nate’s grandsons, Jaime Nate Mincaye Saint. Mincaye’s conversion is remarkable—as is the salvation of every sinner saved by grace. The forgive- ness and acceptance that the Holy Spirit enabled in the Saint family is perhaps even more remarkable. So far, God’s amazing work in the jungles of Ecuador has included the second and third generations of at least two families. Mincaye made several trips to America. Together, he and Steve Saint spoke to audiences about their story. “If you keep walking your own trail,” he would ask through Steve, “when you come to the end, what’s going to happen to you?” Mincaye has reached the end of his earthly trail. To God be the glory! Great

Indigenous People's Technology and Education Center Indigenous People's Technology things He has done!

JULY/AUGUST 2020 17 know what’s real.

6WT20_16-19_People.indd 17 6/12/20 3:29 PM Closures, bankruptcies, infections. The United States will likely be dealing with fallout from the coronavirus for some time. But this summer, many Western states are facing another threat on top of that one: wildfires. In firefighter lingo, anything burnable is “fuel.” That includes grasses, leaves, shrubs, and trees. When fuels pile up, wildfire risk does too. And more fuel makes fires bigger, hotter, faster, and more dangerous. Fuels management is the planned removal of burnable materials. National parks, wildlife reserves, Native American reservations—all practice fuels management to keep wildfire threat low. During the COVID-19 pandemic, firefighters for the U.S. Department of the Interior continued managing fuels. Now some agencies are changing guidelines to help fight the coronavirus while fighting fires. They’ve waived certain training for returning crew members. They may limit fire engines to only a driver and one passenger; other crew members must ride in extra “chase” vehicles—to keep team members more distanced. at teen.wng.org/ Austin Williams works to clear Fighting fires is so diŠicult that it’s mostly done by node/2087.) During brush in Washington state younger, physically fit people. But the nature of the job also wildfire season, (above). Firefighters battle a wildfire along Highway 154 works against them: Firefighters regularly experience high Williams heads west to near Santa Barbara, stress, inhale smoke and dust, and deal with poor sleeping fight fires at the California, in 2019. and personal hygiene. Mid-Columbia River Because of this, wildland fire camps have always been Wildlife Refuge in well known for spreading illness. Virus and illness out- Burbank, Washington. breaks happen yearly for many wildland firefighters. A Williams signed up for the forestry technician job for the suck-it-up and tough-it-out culture doesn’t help either, fun and the travel. As a person who enjoys being outside according to Jessica Gardetto, spokesperson for the (He’s camped with nothing but a sleeping bag in the Mojave National Interagency Fire Center in Boise, Idaho. Desert!), he thought fighting fires, clearing brush, and Austin Williams is a forestry technician for the U.S. Fish performing other hands-on work sounded like good life and Wildlife Service. He’s tall and lanky with a toothy grin. experience. It’s not surprising that he works for an organization with A™er a year on the job before the COVID-19 rules, “fish” in its title. He is an avid fisher. Williams finds the new guidelines for wildland firefighters Part of the year, Williams’ team works at a wildlife “interesting.” His team usually runs a four-person engine. refuge in South Carolina. His fuels management team Each person has a specific job. Tasks must be done quickly employees conduct controlled burns to clear fire-prone upon arrival at a fire. He says chase trucks cost teams land. They use drip torches (tools that drip valuable time. “It is also preached to us all the time that flaming fuel). Helicopters drop fire-starter driving is the most dangerous part of our job,” Williams orbs the size of ping-pong balls in other says. “Statistics back that up, so having another truck on

areas. (See “Drones: Fighting Fire with Fire” the road doesn’t seem helpful.” AP Photos 18 JULY/AUGUST 2020 know what’s real.

6WT20_16-19_People.indd 18 6/11/20 11:20 AM Agencies normally spend months preparing for wildfire “Meals, Ready-to-Eat.” Since firefighters eat in common season. But that’s not happening in many places because tents with shared food service utensils, it’s hoped the MREs of social distancing guidelines. Additionally, to help folks will reduce spreading germs. “It would be sad,” Williams with COVID-19 to breathe more easily, firefighting agencies says of losing the catered food. But thinking about the are trying to lessen smoke from prescribed (planned) crowded and unsanitary conditions, he admits, “That burns. would probably be a smart decision.” Casey Judd, president of the Federal Wildland Fire Services Association, says the major problem of the new rules is “the Talk about a threat! The Bible calls the Talk about a threat! The Bible calls the prescribed burns aren’t getting done.” He adds, tongue a fire that can set an entire life tongue a fire that can set an entire life “That’s going to increase the fire load.” ablaze. (See James 3:3-9.) Like fighting ablaze. (See James 3:3-9.) Like fighting There’s yet another plan that some agencies land fires, managing one’s mouth can help land fires, managing one’s mouth can help are implementing to deal with the virus. It avoid a world of danger and destruction. avoid a world of danger and destruction. involves scrapping camp catering tents in favor

AP Photos of military-style vacuum-packed MREs, or JULY/AUGUST 2020 19 know what’s real.

6WT20_16-19_People.indd 19 6/11/20 11:21 AM Washington State Department of Agriculture • AP Photos 6/11/20 11:28 AM The Puratos holds a starter. in Belgium; Karl in Belgium; Karl De Smedt (below) Sourdough Library Sourdough Library hands. hands. the whole world’s world’s whole the the whole world’s world’s whole the Remember the gospel gospel the Remember The research has found found has research The Puratos the year, Last gospel the Remember microscopic particles on particles microscopic microscopic particles on particles microscopic song “He’s Got the Whole the Got “He’s song It’s Hands”? His in World control hands God’s true. the including everything, di‚ erent. di‚ and also a‚ shape, its ects a‚ also and density. and color, sour- among connections the around from doughs one starters, Two globe. one and Switzerland from wild a share Mexico, from others the of none that yeast both because perhaps has, altitudes. high from came sent Library Sourdough recipes and flour identical coun- 16 from bakers 16 to Anne Microbiologist tries. bacteria that found Madden hands bakers’ the from bit a starter each made erent. di‚ Whole the Got “He’s song It’s Hands”? His in World control hands God’s true. the including everything, bread rise bread bread rise bread The gas makes makes gas The The gas makes makes gas The Fermentation happens Fermentation yeast and bacteria Both produces carbon dioxide. dioxide. carbon produces (or used in used (or another then and recipe), is water and flour new those time, Over added. undergo ingredients simple They’ll change. amazing an double and bubbly become This over. and size—over in fermentation. is erent di‚ two of because organisms: single-cell living yeast. “wild” and bacteria are right—starters That’s must they why That’s alive! regularly. fed be air, flour, in naturally exist hands. human on even and they water, with Mixed and sugars down break This flour. the in starches dioxide. carbon produces and discarded discarded discarded and and and discarded discarded and scooped outout scooped scooped scooped out scooped To begin a starter, bread bread starter, a begin To Some starters in De in starters Some as out started Smedt De bread starter, a begin To the mixture gets gets gets mixture mixture the the the mixture gets gets mixture the makers place flour and flour place makers set and jar a in water must it But aside. it regularly. “fed” be half means That flour-water mixture that mixture flour-water tangy its sourdough gives rise. it helps and taste vault sourdough Smedt’s new are Some old. very are reasons for unusual but rarity. or origin as such is It Japan. from is #100 from is #43 rice. from made Francisco San famous a batch. sourdough Puratos the at baker a years, several er AŒ Bakery. prob- a became allergy his to asked Smedt De lem. various the displaying begin were others and he starters sourdough The collecting. in icially o‚ began library 105 are there Today, 2013. specimens. foaming and flour place makers set and jar a in water must it But aside. it regularly. “fed” be half means That mented mented mented mented , a fer- a , starter Baker Karl De Smedt is Smedt De Karl Baker jars bubbling Fizzing, obsessed with bread— with obsessed But sourdough. especially flour. to allergic is Smedt De other way a needed he So his turn to baking than a into passion doughy rose Smedt De profession. becoming occasion, the to sourdough only world’s the research His librarian. past—and bread’s traces better make to how studies future. the in bread the of shelves the line Library Sourdough Puratos where Belgium, Vith, St. in Unlike works. Smedt De can’t you libraries, most here. anything borrow a holds jar each Instead, erent di‚ teen.wng.org/worldteen-mudroom 6WT20_20-21_Mud.indd 20 Washington State Department of Agriculture entomologist Chris Looney displays a dead Asian giant hornet, bottom, next to a native hornet in Blaine, Washington.

Giant “murder hornets” are buzzing “It’s a really nasty sting for in the news. Experts advise remaining humans,” says bee expert Keith calm about the big bug with the scary Delaplane. “A dozen [stings], you are nickname—unless you’re a honeybee. OK; 100, not so much.” Asian giant hornets, Vespa Creation is full of strange and mandarinia, are o en called “murder frightful creatures: snakes, sharks, hornets.” But don’t worry too much. murder hornets. Yet God tells His These one-and-a-half-to-two-inch children not to fear things that can members of the wasp family aren’t a er kill the body. Christians should stand humans. They kill other insects, mostly in awe of (fear) Him alone, the one honeybees. Each monster hornet can with authority to save or condemn! chomp the heads o­ 40 honeybees per (Luke 12:5) minute. Fewer than 50 hornets can wipe Most bug-savvy scientists say out an entire beehive in under an hour! murder hornet stories are overstated. May, a single live nest found (and Murder hornets have orange Some compare them to 1970s head- wiped out) in Canada last September, noggins and striped abdomens. Bee lines about African “killer bees.” The and another live wasp that was breeder Susan Cobey says the bees were real, but they didn’t match quickly crushed by the woman who pumpkin-headed wasps look “like the horrifying news stories. found it in April. The United States has something out of a monster cartoon.” “This is 99% media hype and no documentation of other live hor- The large flying insects are frankly I’m getting tired of it,” says nets in the country this year. Washington State Department of Agriculture • AP Photos equipped with quarter-inch stingers. entomologist Doug Tallamy. “Murder Another thing: Insect scientists Those can threaten humans because hornet? Please.” want to lose the nickname, despite they inject a stronger-than-normal Experts say the real story involves the hornets’ brutal treatment of bees. venom. Multiple giant hornet stings a handful of the bugs on North Ameri- “They are not ‘murder hornets.’ They could kill a human—though experts can soil: two dead hornets found in are just hornets,” says entomologist agree that such attacks happen rarely. Washington last December, another in Chris Looney. Entomologist May Berenbaum says, “People are afraid of the wrong thing.” Asian honeybees have a Asian giant hornets may kill a few defense plan for a murder dozen people worldwide each year. hornet attack: They surround the invading hornet, buzzing frantically to The real killer of the insect world is the raise the temperature around it and reduce the oxygen it can receive. common mosquito. Mosquitos likely The unsuspecting hornet ends up su ocated and roasted. So far, kill at least a million people annually American honeybees don’t seem to have caught on to this cooking tip. by spreading dengue fever, malaria, and other diseases.

JULY/AUGUST 2020 21 know what’s real.

6WT20_20-21_Mud.indd 21 6/11/20 11:28 AM 6WT20_22-23_Exp.indd 22 An unidentifi edshipwreck The wreckofthe James McBride teen.wng.org/worldteen-explainit the RisingSun The wreckof out there, that could take quite a while. welcome to explore the wrecks. And with thousands who don’t move or remove underwater objects are an underwater preserve system in the 1980s. Divers because electrons react more easily than in fresh. fresh water. Salt water speeds up rust formation certain kinds of algae and bacteria at bay. and therefore rust—faster. Cold water also keeps environment. Higher temperatures make ions react— because rust is a reaction of metal atoms with their sunken ships last longer in the Great Lakes. That’s part of the vessel. He was rescued the next day. slept through the entire incident in an unsubmerged everyone escaped except for one crewman . . . who side and filled with water. According to some accounts, Caught on the rocks near shore, the ship listed to one October 29, 1917, as the result of a fall snowstorm. It was a 133-foot passenger steamer that ran aground crews oen see submerged ships while on helicopter lanes. Lieutenant Commander Charlie Wilson says happened during October or November. most Great Lake wrecks—some 6,000 of them— of shipwrecks too. Michigan historians estimate that Ecclesiastes. Turns out, Solomon’s observation is true during violent storms. shelter. But their sandy shallows could be treacherous Islands in Lake Michigan boomed. The islands o­ered the passage between the North and South Manitou shipping routes. During Michigan’s lumbering heyday, steel, stone, and wood along several important Michigan’s Great Lakes. They carried coal, grain, salt, waters reveal thousands of ghostly shipwrecks. have a window into another world—as frigid springtime anticipate the end of winter. Aer the ice melts, some October 19, 1857. patrol. The water is so clear that visibility from the air With a trove of historic shipwrecks, Michigan created Another preservation factor in the Great Lakes is Scientists say extremely cold water is one reason The second photographed wreck is the Rising Sun. 121-foot wooden ship became stranded on sand on The U.S. Coast Guard still patrols the shipping “A time for everything,” says the Preacher of For hundreds of years, cargo ships have sailed Folks living along the shores of Lake Michigan always is remarkable. This April, Vintage News, a popular from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. This history history website, reported on the photographing was the first ship to navigate the entire passage of several historic wrecks in the Manitou Passage. One is the James McBride. Guard team, only two are known shipwrecks. Of the five wrecks photographed by the Coast Researchers believe it 6/11/20 11:32AM

United States Coast Guard AP Photo • Inset: Nicholas Ewing Nicholas Inset: • Photo AP

United States Coast Guard 6WT20_22-23_Exp.indd 23 Ewing Nicholas Inset: • Photo AP When luciferase, luciferin, and oxygen all meet up, a precious energy to release an enzyme called luciferase. predator descended on the algae—the algae expends water is turbulently churned up—as it might be if a may be a defense mechanism for the plankton. When contain chemical molecules called luciferin. The glow and sparkle with colored light with each splash and dive. bloom, churning up the water and causing the algae to flash sea lions were spotted leaping and diving in the midst of the activities despite the stay-at-home orders. Dolphins and swimming, surfing, and paddleboarding were all allowed advantage of the waves at the beaches of San Diego. There, might increase transmission of the novel coronavirus. Oicials also worried that large groups of spectators shoreline, creating potentially dangerous traic situations. parking areas closed, cars congested roadways along the dispersed the crowds that did try to gather. With beach able to enjoy the rare event. Law enforcement quickly but sadly, with beaches mostly closed, not so many were phenomenon was a nighttime gi€ to evening beachgoers— orange appearance. But at night, they glow neon blue. The which are a type of phytoplankton, give the water a rusty bloom commonly called “red tide.” By day, the algae, tumbling in the surf. crashing waves was caused by bioluminescent plankton Pacific shores was all natural. The bright blue gleam in the show on Southern California and northern Mexico’s that caused this glow in late April and early May. This light What makes the algae glow? The microscopic organisms Surfers did get to enjoy the glow up close as they took The aected section of the Pacific experienced an algal It wasn’t man-made lights along a seaside boardwalk April 29inLosAngeles,California. Spectators watchbioluminescent plankton churninthewaveson non toxic alga, even when it is as prolific as this one. Lingulodinium polyedra, or This bloom was dominated by a phytoplankton called stretched from Baja California as far north as Los Angeles. marine life. But that’s not the case with this one, which glowing plankton. would-be predators, causing them to turn away from the Scientists speculate that the flashes of light might startle chemical reaction occurs and heatless light results. Sometimes red tide algae blooms are toxic to other JULY/AUGUST 2020 L. poly for short. It is a April 29inSanDiego,California The planktonlightshowon know what’s real. 6/11/20 5:33PM 23

AP Photo Krieg Barrie Krieg 6/11/20 5:49 PM An artist’s rendering of rendering An artist’s the air to brighten clouds machines mounted on boats shooting saltwater droplets intoshooting saltwater droplets Think of the crystals as crystals the of Think has team Harrison’s is Earth the . . . Lord, O mist evaporates, tiny salt tiny evaporates, mist According remain. crystals of “hundreds Harrison, to into driƒ crystals of trillions” “bright- atmosphere, the clouds andexisting ening energy solar deflecting waters.” reef the from away the redirecting mirrors tiny into up back beams Sun’s reflec- minute sky—one the time. a at tion brightening cloud tested small a on successfully sure is one no But scale. is method the whether over recreate to possible Where areas. larger much misting the place to much how and machines are cost will concept the also. unknown Here creatures. your of full wide, and great sea, the is creatures with teems which things living innumerable, great. and small both 104:24-25 Psalm — The approach involves involves approach The “We’re trying to look at look to trying “We’re The Great Barrier Reef Reef Barrier Great The all the di that ways erent di the all bleaching prevent could we Reef,” Barrier Great the on did we “When says. Harrison bright- cloud analysis, the all really as out came ening ideas.” better the of one shooting tiny saltwater saltwater tiny shooting using air the into droplets blow- boat-mounted giant the When machines. ing has endured four major four endured has since events bleaching fear scientists Some 1998. rates death coral recent ever. worst the be could experiment- been They’ve to ways with years for ing hopes in water ocean cool world’s the preserving of is Harrison Daniel reefs. experiment- team a of part brightening. cloud with ing clouds alter to is idea The so atmosphere Earth’s in warming reflect they that of instead away sunlight through. it letting invasive human activ- human invasive over-fishing. as such ity chemical runo and , runo chemical By themselves, coral coral themselves, By and corals made God under corals However, stress can things Many coastal development, coastal and water temperatures, temperatures, water and polyps are clear. But healthy But clear. are polyps alone. usually aren’t corals inside live algae Colorful givingcorals tissues, their hues. beautiful their each on depend to algae Corals survival. for other home, safe a algae provide prod- food make algae and as long As corals. for ucts environment ocean the two the stable, fairly stays fine. just along get the expel sometimes stress event an algae, vibrant bleaching.” “coral called food main their Without corals bleached source, and flora The die. to begin reefs on depend that fauna er. su and habitat lose also air high including corals, One of the great won- great the of One of coast the O ders of the natural world is world natural the of ders literally. . . . water hot in temperatures ocean Warm Australian destroying are Barrier Great the at coral scientists Innovative Reef. engineer- by help to hope are They clouds. the ing called concept a testing cool to brightening” “cloud the protect and water the structure. marine vital Australia’s Queensland, stretches Reef Barrier Great Billions miles. 1,400 over for animals -bodied soƒ tiny of built polyps coral called to home is which reef, the sea other of millions plants. and creatures teen.wng.org/worldteen-pieinthesky 6WT20_24-27_Pie.indd 24 Technology gets blamed for being one of the biggest distractions drivers deal with today. A glance at a text, a scroll through a playlist, a tap to change the GPS, and uh-oh . . . some- one’s car dri s out of the proper lane, putting passengers, cyclists, and pedestrians at risk. In 2018, distracted driving led to the deaths of 2,841 people, according to data from the National Highway Tra„ ic Safety Administration. So why are carmakers looking to add even more high-tech features to cars? Experts at Edmunds automotive information service selected five car technologies that they say will reduce distraction and produce more focused drivers.

at something on your far left vehicle, the system displays while driving, your car is likely many of the phone’s apps in its An artist’s rendering of going to drift over the center instrument display. Isn’t that machines mounted on boats line, possibly into oncoming shooting saltwater droplets into traffi c! Enter lane-departure the air to brighten clouds warning systems. Sensors track This driver attention monitor detected wandering eyes. the car’s position. If it strays across lines, the driver might DRIVER MONITORING SYSTEMS see a new alert in the instrument Smartphones connect Eyes on the road! BMW, Subaru, panel. In some models, a rumble to the vehicle. and others offer facial- in the driver’s seat rattles the recognition technology inside operator back into focus. more distracting? In some their vehicles. Cameras measure cases, it’s benefi cial. Drivers head and eye movements and then use hands-free voice recognize if the driver is looking controls to hear and respond to at a phone or falling asleep at text messages, ask for the wheel. If such actions are directions, or otherwise detected, your car will tell you to communicate without looking at wake up and drive! In one case, The wheel self-corrects. or touching the phone. a coffee cup in the dash display lights up if the car’s tech thinks LANE KEEPING ASSIST LOCKING OUT CONTROLS its driver is getting groggy. For This feature goes a farther than Many vehicles from Mazda, cars with advanced cruise just calling attention to a lane Toyota, and Volkswagen still use control systems, sensors make shift. It takes the extra step of this older anti-distraction sure the driver’s hands don’t applying a light correction to method. These cars will partially leave the wheel. the steering function—putting lock phone controls while the the car back in its lane car is moving so you can’t type automatically. The driver might on your keyboard. Some won’t feel the wheel tug a bit under even connect to Bluetooth once his or her hands. the car is moving. That must be done before you put ’er in Drive. ANDROID AUTO AND Sensors detect when the car strays across lines. APPLE CARPLAY These two smartphone LANE DEPARTURE WARNINGS integration systems come in Any driving instructor will nearly every new vehicle on the confi rm that our hands tend to market today. When a driver Phone controls are locked follow our eyes. If you’re looking connects a smartphone to the when the car is in motion.

Sound like your future car has control issues? Don’t fret. Remember, it’s all done in the AP Photo name of keeping you—and others—secure, so that you arrive at your destination safely.

Krieg Barrie JULY/AUGUST 2020 25 know what’s real.

6WT20_24-27_Pie.indd 25 6/11/20 5:46 PM NASA has a far-out proposal—on the Moon, to be exact. around, and the swooshing of the Sun’s ever-churning Scientists plan to embed a giant telescope on the lunar sunspots. Without all that space noise, researchers hope surface, cradled in an existing crater. They say the Moon’s to use LCRT for observing the universe in detail. Some celestial craters seem ready-made for such a device. even wonder if the telescope could allow scientists to look The idea came from Saptarshi Bandyopadhyay. He is a back in time to detect faint “fingerprints” of past events. robotics technologist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Christians don’t need anyone to explain Earth’s origins. Laboratory. He calls his concept the Lunar They’ve already got the firsthand inside scoop in Genesis. Crater Radio Telescope (LCRT). The lab’s Any fingerprints belong to the Creator-God, for the goal is to place a 3,281-foot radio tele- universe, including planets and the stars, were made by scope (an instrument that detects radio Him! (Psalm 8:3-4) Bandyopadhyay emissions from astronomical objects) According to NASA, the LCRT would be the largest radio inside a crater on the Moon’s dark side. telescope ever. It would use a single giant dish for data The Moon’s “dark side” is the side always facing away collection instead of many smaller dishes. A receiver from Earth. It’s not lacking sunlight. In this case, the dark in hanging in the telescope’s center would hopefully pick up “dark side” means “not seen” instead of “without light.” A radio frequencies from the cosmos. telescope on the dark or far side could o‘ er an uncommon LCRT plans involve NASA’s DuAxel Rovers, or wall- climbing peep into what’s happening in other parts of the galaxy. robots. The bots will lay a half-mile-wide wire mesh tele- What’s so special about the far side? Earth’s atmosphere scope across a two- to three-mile-wide crater. And since reflects certain radio wavelengths. That keeps those radio telescope dishes must be curved in order to capture wavelengths from reaching Earth-bound telescopes. But outer-space soundwaves, a crater makes an ideal locale. a dark-side lunar telescope could allow scientists to study wavelengths that have “not been explored by humans,” When I look at your heavens, the work of your fingers, Bandyopadhyay claims. the Moon and the stars, which you have set in place, what is The telescope would also avoid interference from man that you are mindful of him, and the son of man that Earth’s human-made radio waves, satellites whizzing you care for him? — Psalm 8:3-4

Separation

Telescope Axel and DuAxel descends Rovers and links arrive to guide attached. wires. DuAxel anchors the receiver

DuAxel Axel hoists lands on Telescope lander the receiver surface, lands in the then crater’s center deploys wire mesh telescope Francis Choi & Brian Helmuth

Lander unfolds and guide wires are deployed

Moon low noise Sun Earth Earth noise LCTE

26 JULY/AUGUST 2020 Krieg Barrie know what’s real.

6WT20_24-27_Pie.indd 26 6/11/20 11:39 AM

Krieg Barrie 6WT20_24-27_Pie.indd 27 Helmuth Brian & Choi Francis God designed the clams and it into animal tissue. drill into it, digesting it and turning Shipworms devour wood as they They are wood-boring clams. creatures aren’t actually worms. eating shipworms. These sea interest for the team are wood- dierent animals. Of particular and identified more than 300 Scientists removed, photographed, lously!) preserved material. inside the naturally (or miracu- study in laboratories. well-preserved ancient wood to They retrieved samples of the sent divers into the fallen forest. Administration (NOAA), the team National Oceanic and Atmospheric Utah. With funding from the University and the University of formed from Northeastern medicines?” scientists asked. potential for new resources for submarine forest hold? What emerged. “What secrets might the waters, evidence of the forest turbed o the coast of Alabama. the fallen forest remained undis- trees with salt water. For millennia, levels rose, covering the embedded river sediment. Over more time, sea river. They sank deep into peat and they fell into the so
soil along the Mexico. As the massive trees aged, banks of a river near the Gulf of of bald cypress trees grew on the Shipworms also harbor bacteria. Hundreds of creatures thrived Last year, a team of scientists As storms churned up the Gulf Thousands of years ago, a forest discovery yet ahead. There could be years’ worth of amount of the ancient forest site. has explored only a very small work with, but so far, the group may sound like a lot of “new” to never been identified before. That many are “novel,” meaning they’ve the cypress wood. The team says gathered from the clams within mately 100 strains of bacteria other creatures that contract them. cause illnesses or poisoning for free-living bacteria sometimes aren’t toxic to their hosts. But because the symbiotic bacteria “free-living” bacteria. That’s than drugs developed from symbiotic microbes are o
en safer as well as anti-cancer drugs.” open doors to pursue “pain drugs that the shipworm bacteria could at University of Utah. She told CNN professor of medicinal chemistry adapted, and used. just waiting to be discovered, many pharmaceutical solutions forest. They believe there could be contained by the underwater such potential from the bacteria researchers is looking for more a new antibiotic. This group of shipworms led to development of bacteria discovered previously in that the clams eat. One type of that help to break down the wood The bacteria produce enzymes called a symbiotic relationship. bacteria to work together. This is The team is culturing approxi- Medicines developed from Margo Haygood is a research JULY/AUGUST 2020 A scientistremovesashipwormfrom Newly discoveredwoodfromthe its burrowinwoodcollected underwater cypressforestoff A cypresslogthoughttobe thousands ofyearsoldis the underwaterforest. the coastofAlabama carefully wrapped. know what’s real. 6/11/20 11:42AM 27

AP Photos Samuel: Columbus Metropolitan Library Metropolitan Columbus Samuel: 6/12/20 3:31 PM letters. Lashawn 12 acceptance Samuel received The last slave ship known to have landed in the United States has a new couple’s couple’s to save a North Carolina arrived just in time A delivery driver Slave Ship Found Slave granted ownership of the Clotilda shipwreck to the A federal judge owner. nal say Alabama Historical Commission. The decision means the state has fi over remnants of the ship. It was found on a muddy river bottom north of sailed to West The Clotilda, a two-masted Gulf schooner, Mobile last year. nanced by a wealthy businessman prior to the start Africa on an illegal trip fi It delivered about 110 kidnapped Africans to Mobile before it of the Civil War. was burned in a bayou in 1860 to hide evidence of the crime. A few pieces of the ship will be part of an exhibition planned for later this year in Mobile, near They formed a community where the freed captives settled after the Civil War. called Africatown. Descendants of the Africans still live in the area. Beach Wedding Hero Wedding Beach wedding in and Dylan Perkins’ dream Savannah Kulenic beach wedding. lovebirds organized restrictions. So the curtailed by coronavirus Hawaii was The company ve people present. just fi beach ceremony with a last-minute but down due to the outbreak, wedding band had shut groom’s making the it make it on time? the ring the day before. Would it said it could overnight on the around, and the wedding party waited anxiously afternoon rolled Mid moment, driver Joe Engel pulled up to the bride’s beach. At almost the last asked him to head to the beach with condo. A note on the door have the ring.” Rather than drop the have the ring.” Rather than drop the the parcel, saying, “You the parcel, saying, “You he hit the he hit the rush to his next delivery, package at the door and rush to his next delivery, package at the door and people in the world,” says the sand. “There are still good people in the world,” says the sand. “There are still good wins.” friend Amy Shores. “In the end, love wins.” friend Amy Shores. “In the end, love bride’s bride’s JULY/AUGUST 2020 JULY/AUGUST The Old Plateau Cemetery were brought to the United States aboard the Clotilda. Africatown Graveyard holds remains of the Africans who know what’s real. what’s know Lashawn Samuel’s hard-sought dream is coming true. dream is coming true. hard-sought Lashawn Samuel’s Hard Work Pays Off Pays Hard Work going to college. The Columbus, Ohio, teenager walked He’s ve years. He did three miles round trip to a library daily for fi all 12 colleges it to get help with his homework. This spring, acceptance and universities that he applied to sent him his letters. Several offered him full scholarships—including Samuel top pick, Ohio State. In an interview with WCMH-TV, also He produce. can perseverance what proves story his said that it said he leaned into his community for help—and he but came through for him. Samuel grew up in poverty, Arthur Ashe, took seriously the words of his hero, tennis star have. Do what who said, “Start where you are. Use what you that, Samuel adds, “I never would have you can.” To this my friends, and achieved it without God, my family, environment I have around me.” 28 parcel. Joe Engel delivered a very important 6WT20_28-29_BytesX6.indd 28 The lunar surface is covered with regolith, a mixture of powdery dust and broken rock Special Ingredient for Moon Concrete formed by the impact of meteorites. The European Space Agency is looking ahead to one day building on the Moon. But carrying heavy materials—including water—is costly. It takes a lot of fuel to break from Earth’s gravity, and the heavier the payload, the more boost needed. So the best bet for building is to use materials already on site. Lunar regolith is the perfect starting point for making concrete—but what to mix it with? There’s no water on the Moon. The agency says it has a solution: human urine! Researchers have found that not only would astronaut urine provide needed moisture, but the main compound in it, urea, also makes for a more malleable mixture! That means it can be manipulated into shape more readily before hardening into its fi nal form. The “liquid waste a person generates each day could become a promising by-product for space exploraexplorattion,”ion,” the agency said.

Unfold, infl ate, and go! Pack-n-Go E-Scooter Need to get somewhere fast? Just open up your backpack and whip out your handy infl atable electric scooter! Haven’t heard of that yet? Well, meet POIMO. It’s a new invention from the University of Tokyo’s Corporate Sponsored Research Program. POIMO stands for Portable and Infl atable Mobility.” When defl ated, the entire thing, with wheels, the electric motor, and a bring-along pump, weighs about 17 pounds. This POIMO is just a prototype, but developers hope to reduce the weight further with technological advances. Proponents say POIMO is better for the environment than gas-powered vehicles, plus—no need to worry about parking! Upon arrival, just pack it up again and take it with you. This prototype will help developers fi ne-tune POIMO’s design and performance.

Templeton Prize Goes to NIH Director Francis Collins, director of the National Institutes of Health, was honored by the John Templeton Foundation for his contribution to the human condition that values faith and science working together. The foundation gives its Templeton Prize every year. In the past, it has chosen the Reverend Billy Graham as well as Mother Teresa, a Catholic nun who spent her life working with the poorest residents of India. Dr. Collins is a physician and geneticist. He’s also a professing Christian. Much of his Dr. Francis Collins work today focuses on fi nding treatments and a vaccine for the novel is the winner of coronavirus. The foundation selected Collins even before the pandemic. It the 2020 Answers: says Collins demonstrates how his religious faith motivates his scientifi c Templeton Prize. Quiz My Reading: 1. a, 2. b, 3. a, 4. b research. He will receive a cash prize worth a little over $1.3 million. Words To Bank: 1. b, 2. c, 3. a, 4. c, 5. a, 6. c

Mind Stir: Answers will vary but may include 1. Yes, because it appears that the company is making a profi t by taking

giant melting pot, making one out of many, and so variations and adaptations should be seen as normal or even sought after and pursued—after all, “variety is the spice of life.” of spice the is “variety all, pursued—after and after sought even or normal as seen be should adaptations and variations so and many, of out one making pot, melting giant someone else’s identity without permission or sharing the income; or No, because there is enough difference to suggest the

important to honor and respect them by staying true to their original recipes and traditions, or else you are making something different and should name it as such; or America is a a is America or such; as it name should and different something making are you else or traditions, and recipes original their to true staying by them respect and honor to important doll is not truly based on someone else’s identity, and the free market should allow for that kind of creativity. 2. Because based on someone else’s identity, and the free market should allow for that kind of creativity. 2. Because some people groups tie their identity to the products of their culture, it’s it’s culture, their of products the to identity their tie groups people some Because 2. creativity. of kind that for allow should market free the and identity, else’s someone on based some people groups tie their identity to the products of their AP Photos

company is making a profi t by taking someone else’s identity without permission or sharing the income; or No, because there is enough difference to suggest the doll is not truly truly not is doll the suggest to difference enough is there because No, or income; the sharing or permission without identity else’s someone taking by t profi a making is company to their original recipes and traditions, or else you are makin Mind Stir: Mind Quiz: Viz Bank: To Words Reading: My Quiz Answers will vary but may include 1. Yes, because it appears that the the that appears it because Yes, 1. include may but vary will Answers D, c, 6. a, 5. c, 4. a, 3. c, 2. b, 1.

1. a, 2. b, 3. a, 4. b, b, 4. a, 3. b, 2. a, 1. is a giant melting pot, making one out of many, and so variations and adaptations should be seen as normal or even sought after and pursued—after all, “variety is the spice of life.” Samuel: Columbus Metropolitan Library Samuel: Columbus Metropolitan JULY/AUGUST 2020 29 know what’s real.

6WT20_28-29_BytesX6.indd 29 6/12/20 3:32 PM Think It Through Pop SMART! pages 6-9 Words To Bank Quiz My Reading 1. epicurean a) neatly manicured 1. How did Tex-Mex cuisine come to be? b) having fi ne a) After the United States won the Mexican-American War, some Mexicans living north of culinary preferences the new border began integrating American ingredients into their traditional foods. c) old and traditional b) Famous Mexican and Texan chefs began collaborating on dishes in the mid-1900s, to maximize variety along the Texas-Mexico border. 2. scrutinized a) ignored 2. What is a “remote-controlled tour” of the Faroe Islands? b) jumbled a) Tourists operate drones with mounted cameras to record video footage of all 18 of c) examined closely the Faroe Islands. b) Live tour guides escort an internet audience around the islands in real time. 3. lustrous Viewers control the guides by telling them to turn, run, or jump. a) radiant b) silent 3. What did scans of Vermeer’s painting Girl with a Pearl Earring reveal? c) fl owing a) The background is not just dark and empty: There’s a green curtain behind the girl. b) The girl in the painting is Abbie Vermeer, one of the artist’s daughters. 4. whet a) dampen 4. What does astronomer Lucianne Walkowicz claim Mattel’s American Girl company did b) satisfy without her authorization? c) stimulate a) used her study fi ndings on the distant star, Vega, and her recommendations for traveling to Mars in one of its American Girl books 5. surreal b) used her appearance, name, and references to her work to create its “2018 Girl of a) dreamlike the Year” doll b) rational c) literal

6. aspiring a) exhausted b) lazy Viz-Quiz c) ambitious

Where are the Faroe Islands Mind Stir located? A

D 1. Do you think American Girl should be B restricted from selling the Luciana Vega doll? Why or why not?

C 2. When it comes to cultural food, is it important to try to honor the heritage and traditions of the recipe, or is it better to take freedoms with alterations and additions? Quiz answers page 29 30 JULY/AUGUST 2020 know what’s real.

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