DOCSLIB.ORG

Field Metabolic Rate in Two Species of Shrew-Tenrec, Microgale Dobsoni and M

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Field Metabolic Rate in Two Species of Shrew-Tenrec, Microgale Dobsoni and M Compo Biochem. Physiol. Vol. 107A, No.2, pp. 283-287, 1994 Copyright © 1994 Elsevier Science Ltd Pergamon Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 0300-9629/94 $6.00 + 0.00 Field metabolic rate in two species of shrew-tenrec, Microgale dobsoni and M. talazaci P. J. Stephenson, J. R. Speakman and P. A. Racey Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB92TN, U.K. Doubly labelled water (DLW) was used to determine field metabolic rate (FMR) in the shrew-tenrecs Microgale dobsoni and M. talazaci. Measures were obtained on six animals in their natural habitat and on five individuals in captivity. Mean FMR for nonreproducing M. dobsoni (mean body mass 42.6 ± 1.7 g) was 77.1 ±3.2 kJ/d (CV = 53.7%, N = 4), 3.8 times resting metabolic rate (RMR). Mean FMR for nonreproducing M. talazaci (mean body mass 42.8 ± 4.9 g) was 66.5 ± 14.1 kJ/d (CV = 51.9%, N = 6),3.2 times RMR. FMR within each species was not significantly correlated with body mass. This may in part reflect the large variation among individuals combined with the small sample size. FMR in shrew-tenrecs was within the range of FMR found in similar sized rodents, although variation was greater in the tenrecs. The high variability of FMR within the Tenrecidae may be a result of variations in body temperature. FMR/RMR ratios for both species fell within the range determined for other small mammals. The present study therefore offers further evidence to support a relationship between FMR and RMR. Key words: Metabolic rate; Microgale dobsoni; M. talazaci; Doubly labelled water. Compo Biochem. Physiol. lO7A, 283-287, 1994. Introduction The doubly labelled water (DLW) techni­ Many species within the Tenrecidae (Mam­ que (Lifson et al., 1949, 1955; Lifson and malia: Insectivora) do not maintain constant McClintock, 1966) enables an estimate of CO 2 homeothermy (Eisenberg and Gould, 1970; production, and hence daily energy expenditure, Nicoll and Thompson, 1987; Stephenson, 1991). in free-living organisms (for reviews see Nagy, .Therefore, metabolic rate measured under stan­ 1980; Speakman and Racey, 1988; Bryant, 1989; dard conditions for BMR is commonly referred Speakman, 1990). Energy expenditure measured to as resting metabolic rate or RMR (Nicoll in this way is commonly referred to as field and Thompson, 1987). RMR in many species metabolic rate (FMR). It has been suggested of tenrec fluctuates independently of body that total daily energy expenditure in mammals mass due primarily to fluctuations in body is proportional to basal metabolic rate (BMR) temperature (Tb ) (Stephenson and Racey, (McNab, 1980; Drent and Daan, 1980; Peterson 1993a,b). Daily and seasonal variation in et al., 1990; Koteja, 1991), with FMR being set RMR and T, also occurs (Stephenson, 1991; at a maximum of about four times BMR. This Stephenson and Racey, in press c) so FMR is supported by analysis of residuals from curves would be expected to fluctuate widely between of metabolic rate against body mass which show and within individuals. a strong correlation between relative BMR and We investigated FMR in two species of relative FMR (Daan et al., in press). shrew-tenrec, Microgale dobsoni and M. tala­ zaci. Both species have RMR lower than pre­ dicted from body mass (Stephenson and Racey, Correspondence to: Peter J. Stephenson, Department of Zoology, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, 1993b). The only previous study to apply Aberdeen AB92TN, U.K. Fax: 224 272396. the DLW technique on a tenrec investigated the Received 24 April 1993; accepted 28 May 1993 energetics of reproduction in captive pygmy CPB(A) 107/2-8 283 284 P. J. Stephenson et at. hedgehog tenrecs, Echinops telfairi (Poppit, a variety of microhabitats such as herbaceous 1988). In the present study we aimed to study cover, tree roots and fallen logs. The plastic tenrecs in the wild in Madagascar. However, was pushed into the ground and tucked back the difficulties of retrapping study individuals below the leaf-litter root-mat layer to minimize meant most measures were taken on captive subterranean escape routes. The structure was animals or on semi-feral animals released into supported by trees and stakes of natural wood forest enclosures. We aimed to investigate the debris. Within the enclosures, tree trunks extent to which the field metabolic rates of and ground-lying branches were surrounded by M. dobsoni and M. talazaci are related to body plastic "collars" to block potential aerial run­ mass and RMR. ways. This was particularly important with M. talazaci which is semi-arboreal (Eisenberg Materials and Methods and Gould, 1970). Two nest boxes were placed in each enclosure. Tenrecs were introduced into M. dobsoni were captured from Reserve the enclosures via the nest boxes. Speciale (R.S.) Ambohitantely (l8°09'S, Animals were retrapped one or two nights 47°16'E) and M. talazaci were captured after initial injection. Lines of traps were laid from R.S. Analamazaotra (l8°28'S, 48°28'E) in the forest and up to 40 traps were placed in in Madagascar between January 1989 and each enclosure. The enclosure traps were February 1990. All tenrecs were trapped with checked every 2-3 hr during the night. Trap large Sherman mammal traps (H. B. Sherman lines outside the enclosures were checked each Traps Inc., Tallahasee, Florida, U.S.A.) baited morning at 0600-0800 hr. Recaptured animals with dried fish. The DLW technique was carried were reweighed and a second blood sample out on animals in their own habitat, although taken. All females used for DLW were taken measurements were also made on some individ­ back to Antananarivo and maintained in captiv­ uals held in captivity at the Pare Botanique et ity at Pare Tsimbazaza (see Stephenson and Zoologique de Tsimbazaza, Antananarivo. Racey, 1993b) to ascertain whether or not they Captured individuals were weighed, sexed had been pregnant during the study. and uniquely marked by ear-clipping. "Oxygen To measure background enrichment of in water (20.5 Atom Per cent Excess (APE), 180 and 2H, blood samples were taken from Yeda Research and Development Co. Ltd., individuals of the same sex, size and reproduc­ Rehovot, Israel) had previously been mixed tive condition as the study animals. Besides with deuterium (10 APE, Amersham Inter­ taking a blood sample from an animal before national, Little Chalfont, U.K.). The mass of injecting with DLW (which is impractical in DLW to be injected for each animal was esti­ small mammals), this is the most accurate way mated after Poppitt (1988) and was about 1% of of determining background isotope levels body mass. A 1ml syringe was filled with the (Speakman and Racey, 1987b). relevant volume of DLW (0.3-0.5 ml) and The 180 samples were prepared using the weighed to a precision of0.005 g using a White's guanidine technique (Speakman et al., 1990) torsion balance. The injection was administered and the 2H samples were prepared using intraperitoneally. uranium reduction (Wong and Klein, 1987). The syringe was reweighed immediately after Estimates of initial and final enrichments of 180 injection to determine mass of injectate. The and 2H were measured from duplicate samples study animal was then left undisturbed in a cloth using gas source stable isotope ratio mass spec­ bag for around 90 min to allow the isotopes to trometry (VG Isogas SIRA 9 and SIRA 10 mass reach equilibrium with body water (Speakman spectrometers). Estimates of CO2 production and Racey, 1987a). After this equilibrium period, were calculated using Equation 36 of Lifson an initial blood sample was taken from the tail and McClintock (1966) and converted to energy by removing the last 1-2 mm of skin with a sharp expenditure using the equation of Lusk (1976), scalpel. Blood was collected directly into 5 J..I.l assuming an RQ of 0.8. Mean values are pre­ capillary pipettes (Vitrex) which were sealed im­ sented in the text ± one standard error. mediately with a butane gas burner (Miniflam). The animal was then released. Results Since recapture rates for both species were low, enclosures were constructed at both study In the field, 13 individual M. dobsoni and 14 sites. These enclosures were barriers of trans­ individual M. talazaci were injected with DLW parent plastic sheet, 1-1.2 m high, erected and released. Of these, eight M. dobsoni (62%) around an area of forest (55 m2 at Ambohitan­ and four M. talazaci (29%) were recaught. tely and 20 m2 at Analamazaotra). Each enclo­ Of the 13 injected M. dobsoni released into sure was sited in the middle of known Microgale the enclosure at Ambohitantely, eight were habitat on relatively flat ground, incorporating recaught and of the five M. talazaci released Field metabolic rate in shrew-tenrecs 285 into the enclosure at Analamazaotra, two were to 20.1 kJjd. Therefore, mean FMR is 3.8 times recaught. Trap success was lower during the wet RMR. season (October-March) when animals were breeding and only two pregnant M. ta­ M. talazaci lazaci and one pregnant M. dobsoni were FMR in the field ranged from 32 to 80 kJjd trapped and injected with DLW. None of these (N = 3) compared with 40-124 kJjd (N = 3) in was recaptured. Sample loss during gas analyses captivity, but there was no significant difference meant that FMR was determined under natural in mean FMR (W = 9.0, P > 0.05). Captive conditions for only three M. dobsoni and three animals were not significantly heavier than M. talazaci. wild animals (W = 6.0, P > 0.05). Mean FMR In addition to field studies, six M. talazaci pooled across all non-reproducing adults (mean and six M.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • AFROTHERIAN CONSERVATION Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group
    AFROTHERIAN CONSERVATION Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group Number 10 Edited by PJ Stephenson September 2014 Afrotherian Conservation is published annually by the Speaking of our website, it was over ten years old IUCN Species Survival Commission Afrotheria Specialist and suffering from outdated material and old technology, Group to promote the exchange of news and inform- making it very difficult to maintain. Charles Fox, who ation on the conservation of, and applied research into, does our web maintenance at a hugely discounted cost golden moles, sengis, hyraxes, tenrecs and the aardvark. (many thanks Charles), has reworked the site, especially the design of the home page and conservation page Published by IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. (thanks to Rob Asher for his past efforts with the latter © 2014 International Union for Conservation of Nature material, which is still the basis for the new conservation and Natural Resources page). Because some of the hyrax material was dated, Lee ISSN: 1664-6754 Koren and her colleagues completely updated the hyrax material, and we have now linked our websites. A similar Find out more about the Group on our website at update is being discussed by Tom Lehmann and his http://afrotheria.net/ASG.html and follow us on colleagues for the aardvark link. The sengi web material is Twitter @Tweeting_Tenrec largely unchanged, with the exception of updating various pages to accommodate the description of a new species from Namibia (go to the current topics tab in the Message from the Chair sengi section). Galen Rathbun Although a lot of effort has focused on our Chair, IUCN/SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group group's education goals (logo, website, newsletter), it has not over-shadowed one of the other major functions that There has been a long time gap since our last newsletter our specialist group performs: the periodic update of the was produced in October 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Informes Individuales IUCN 2018.Indd
    IUCN SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group 2018 Report Galen Rathbun Andrew Taylor Co-Chairs Mission statement of golden moles in species where it is neces- Galen Rathbun (1) The IUCN SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group (ASG) sary (e.g., Amblysomus and Neamblysomus Andrew Taylor (2) facilitates the conservation of hyraxes, aard- species); (3) collect basic data for 3-4 golden varks, elephant-shrews or sengis, golden moles, mole species, including geographic distributions Red List Authority Coordinator tenrecs and their habitats by: (1) providing and natural history data; (4) conduct surveys to determine distribution and abundance of Matthew Child (3) sound scientific advice and guidance to conser- vationists, governments, and other inter- five hyrax species; (5) revise taxonomy of five hyrax species; (6) develop and assess field trials Location/Affiliation ested groups; (2) raising public awareness; for standardised camera trapping methods (1) California Academy of Sciences, and (3) developing research and conservation to determine population estimates for giant California, US programmes. sengis; (7) conduct surveys to assess distribu- (2) The Endangered Wildlife Trust, tion, abundance, threats and taxonomic status Modderfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa Projected impact for the 2017-2020 of the Data Deficient sengi species; (8) build on (3) South African National Biodiversity Institute quadrennium current research to determine the systematics (SANBI), Kirstenbosch National Botanical If the ASG achieved all of its targets, it would be of giant sengis, especially Rhynchocyon Garden, Newlands Cape Town, South Africa able to deliver more accurate, data-driven Red species; (9) survey Aardvark (Orycteropus afer) List assessments for more Afrotherian species populations to determine abundance, distribu- Number of members and, therefore, be in a better position to move tion and trends; (10) conduct taxonomic studies 34 to conservation planning, especially for priority to determine the systematics of aardvarks, with species.
    [Show full text]
  • Chromosomal Evolution in Tenrecs (Microgale and Oryzorictes, Tenrecidae) from the Central Highlands of Madagascar
    Chromosome Research (2007) 15:1075–1091 # Springer 2007 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-007-1182-6 Chromosomal evolution in tenrecs (Microgale and Oryzorictes, Tenrecidae) from the Central Highlands of Madagascar C. Gilbert1, S. M. Goodman2,3, V. Soarimalala3,4, L. E. Olson5,P.C.M.O_Brien6, F. F. B. Elder7, F. Yang8, M. A. Ferguson-Smith6 & T. J. Robinson1* 1Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Tel: +27-21-8083955; Fax: +27-21-8082405; E-mail: [email protected]; 2Department of Zoology, Field Museum of Natural History, Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, USA; 3Vahatra, BP 738, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar; 4De´partement de Biologie Animale, Universite´ d_Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar; 5University of Alaska Museum, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA; 6Centre for Veterinary Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; 7Department of Pathology, Cytogenetics Laboratory, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; 8The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK *Correspondence Received 13 August 2007. Received in revised form and accepted for publication by Pat Heslop-Harrison 2 October 2007 Key words: Afrotheria, cytogenetics, evolution, speciation, Tenrecidae Abstract Tenrecs (Tenrecidae) are a widely diversified assemblage of small eutherian mammals that occur in Madagascar and Western and Central Africa. With the exception of a few early karyotypic descriptions based on conventional staining, nothing is known about the chromosomal evolution of this family. We present a detailed analysis of G-banded and molecularly defined chromosomes based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) that allows a comprehensive comparison between the karyotypes of 11 species of two closely related Malagasy genera, Microgale (10 species) and Oryzorictes (one species), of the subfamily Oryzorictinae.
    [Show full text]
  • (Mammalia) from the Eocene of Black Crow, Namibia Martin PICKFORD
    Tiny Tenrecomorpha (Mammalia) from the Eocene of Black Crow, Namibia Martin PICKFORD Sorbonne Universités (CR2P, MNHN, CNRS, UPMC - Paris VI) 8, rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France, (e-mail : [email protected]) Abstract: The 2019 campaign of acid treatment of Eocene freshwater limestone from Black Crow, Namibia, resulted in the recovery of a minuscule mandible of an insectivoran-grade mammal representing a new genus and species of Tenrecomorpha. The specimen is the smallest mammal described from the fossil record from Africa. From the incisor alveoli to the rear end of the angle, the jaw measures a mere 8.6 mm. The jaw is relatively complete, but has lost the incisors, canine and p/2. It shows several characters that link it to the suborder Tenrecomorpha. In some morphological features it recalls Tenrecidae, in others Potamogalidae. The new genus and species throws doubt on the homogeneity of the order Afroinsectiphilia, which in its turn renders doubtful the concept of Afrotheria as currently understood. Key words: Tenrec, Ypresian/Lutetian, Mandible, Namibia To cite this paper: Pickford, M. 2019. Tiny Tenrecomorpha (Mammalia) from the Eocene of Black Crow, Namibia. Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia, 21, 15-25. Introduction This paper is devoted to the description and Each year the Namibia Palaeontology interpretation of a minuscule mammalian Expedition has visited the locality to search for mandible from the middle Eocene limestones at blocks of limestone showing the presence of Black Crow, Namibia. The freshwater bones and teeth on their surfaces and these have limestone at Black Crow in the Sperrgebiet, been developed in the laboratory to extract the Namibia, first yielded vertebrate fossils a fossils.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Diversity in Tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae)
    Morphological diversity in tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae): comparing tenrec skull diversity to their closest relatives Sive Finlay and Natalie Cooper School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland ABSTRACT It is important to quantify patterns of morphological diversity to enhance our un- derstanding of variation in ecological and evolutionary traits. Here, we present a quantitative analysis of morphological diversity in a family of small mammals, the tenrecs (Afrosoricida, Tenrecidae). Tenrecs are often cited as an example of an ex- ceptionally morphologically diverse group. However, this assumption has not been tested quantitatively. We use geometric morphometric analyses of skull shape to test whether tenrecs are more morphologically diverse than their closest relatives, the golden moles (Afrosoricida, Chrysochloridae). Tenrecs occupy a wider range of ecological niches than golden moles so we predict that they will be more morpho- logically diverse. Contrary to our expectations, we find that tenrec skulls are only more morphologically diverse than golden moles when measured in lateral view. Furthermore, similarities among the species-rich Microgale tenrec genus appear to mask higher morphological diversity in the rest of the family. These results reveal new insights into the morphological diversity of tenrecs and highlight the impor- tance of using quantitative methods to test qualitative assumptions about patterns of morphological diversity. Submitted 29 January 2015 Subjects Evolutionary Studies, Zoology Accepted 13 April 2015 Keywords Golden moles, Geometric morphometrics, Disparity, Morphology Published 30 April 2015 Corresponding author Natalie Cooper, [email protected] INTRODUCTION Academic editor Analysing patterns of morphological diversity (the variation in physical form Foote, Laura Wilson 1997) has important implications for our understanding of ecological and evolutionary Additional Information and traits.
    [Show full text]
  • Endemic Small Mammals Captured Outside of Natural Habitats in the Moramanga District, Central Eastern Madagascar
    Terrestrial “forest-dwelling” endemic small mammals captured outside of natural habitats in the Moramanga District, central eastern Madagascar Toky M. Randriamoria1,2, Voahangy Soarimalala2 petits mammifères, par le biais des trous-pièges et & Steven M. Goodman2, 3 des pièges standards, menées dans cinq villages du 1Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des District de Moramanga, dans la partie Est-centrale Sciences, Université d’Antananarivo, BP 906, de Madagascar, en 2013 (saison sèche) et en 2014 Antananarivo 101, Madagascar (saison humide) ont permis d’attraper pour la première E-mail: [email protected] fois deux espèces d’Afrosoricida endémiques, 2 Association Vahatra, BP 3972, Antananarivo 101, Microgale majori et M. thomasi, dans des habitats Madagascar anthropogéniques en dehors des forêts naturelles. E-mail: [email protected] La première espèce a été répertoriée dans deux 3Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake sites (Ambalafary et Antsahatsaka) à travers deux Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA types d’habitats principaux : la forêt d’Eucalyptus et E-mail: [email protected] le savoka. Le terme savoka désigne des formations végétales secondaires souvent peu pénétrables et correspond à la période de jachère des cultures sur Abstract brûlis. Ces habitats de capture sont situés près de The vast majority of Malagasy rodent (Subfamily 770 m jusqu’à plus de 3 km d’une forêt naturelle. Nesomyinae) and tenrec (Subfamily Oryzorictinae) Concernant M. thomasi, un spécimen a été capturé species living in the eastern humid forest are thought dans un savoka situé à près d’une centaine de to be strictly forest-dwelling. Small mammals surveys mètres d’une forêt naturelle, dans le site de Besakay.
    [Show full text]
  • Number 3 April 2005
    AFROTHERIAN CONSERVATION Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group Number 3 April 2005 Afrotherian Conservation is published once a year by -ject (see more at the IUCN website http:// the IUCN Species Survival Commission Afrotheria www.iucn.org/themes/ssc/programs/gma/index.htm). Specialist Group to promote the exchange of news and This has required that the status of each of our species information on the conservation of, and applied research be carefully evaluated in terms of their biology and into, golden moles, sengis, hyraxes, tenrecs and the conservation. As our editor, PJ Stephenson, prepares aardvark this issue of Afrotherian Conservation, the assessments for Editor: PJ Stephenson the aardvark, sengis, and golden moles are completed. The tenrecs will be finished soon, after the assessment of the three African species and a review of the Madagascar species during a workshop this April that Message from the Chair will focus on the island’s mammals. The hyraxes should Galen Rathbun be completed by the time you receive this newsletter. It Chair, IUCN/SSC Afrotheria Specialist Group is then up to the GMA staff to incorporate our effort into the entire database. A year has passed since our last newsletter, but this does Our specialist group's website (http://www not reflect a lack of interest or activity by our specialist .calacademy.org/research/bmammals/afrotheria/ASG.h group members. The first order of business for our tml) has also been the focus of some of our members. members must be earning a living. For most of our Link Olson is working on tenrec material, while Nigel members this involves working at a university, but others Bennett and Serita Maree are assembling information on toil in the hidden catacombs of museums or in the nerve golden moles.
    [Show full text]
  • Oomparative Craniological Systematics of the "Tenrecomorpha" (Mammalia: Insectivora)
    Oomparative craniological systematics of the "Tenrecomorpha" (Mammalia: Insectivora) Peter Giere Anke C. Schunke Ulrich Zeller 1 Introduction Insectivore systematics has long been of spécial interest for mammal- ogists in the belief that a member of this group represents the ances¬ tral eutherian stock. Despite this attention, the establishment of a phylogenetic classification based on shared derived characters proved to be diffïcult due to the heterogeneity of the group and the paucity of such characters (cf. Butler 1988, MacPhee and Novacek 1993). In part, this is also true for the taxa identified within the Insectivora. Hère, a doser look will be taken at the 'Tenrecomorpha", consisting of the Malagasy tenrecs and the central and west African otter shrews. Based mainly on palaeontological data, Butler (1972) distinguished the 'Tenrecomorpha" from the Erinaceomorpha, Soricomorpha and View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Chrysochlorida.brought to you by CORE Due to a misidentification of the original material, provided by Horizon / Pleins textes this division ofthe insectivores was abandoned (Butler 1988), and both tenrecs and otter shrews are now subsumed under the Soricomorpha (Butler 1988; cf. MacPhee and Novacek 1993; McKenna and BELL 1997). The label 'Tenrecomorpha" is used hère to facilitate denoting tenrecs and otter shrews and could be used inter- 244 African Small Mammals / Petits mammifères africains changeably with "Tenrecidae" as in Hutterer (1993) or 'Tenrecoidea" as in McKenna and Bell (1997). It is not used hère to distinguish the tenrecs and otter shrews as a higher level taxon to be separated from other insectivore higher taxa. The two gênera of otter shrews, Potamogale and Micropotamogale are generally placed within the Tenrecidae (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Order Suborder Infraorder Superfamily Family
    ORDER SUBORDER INFRAORDER SUPERFAMILY FAMILY SUBFAMILY TRIBE GENUS SUBGENUS SPECIES Monotremata Tachyglossidae Tachyglossus aculeatus Monotremata Tachyglossidae Zaglossus attenboroughi Monotremata Tachyglossidae Zaglossus bartoni Monotremata Tachyglossidae Zaglossus bruijni Monotremata Ornithorhynchidae Ornithorhynchus anatinus Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Caluromyinae Caluromys Caluromys philander Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Caluromyinae Caluromys Mallodelphys derbianus Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Caluromyinae Caluromys Mallodelphys lanatus Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Caluromyinae Caluromysiops irrupta Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Caluromyinae Glironia venusta Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Chironectes minimus Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Didelphis aurita Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Didelphis imperfecta Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Didelphis marsupialis Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Didelphis pernigra Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Didelphis virginiana Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Didelphis albiventris Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Gracilinanus formosus Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Gracilinanus emiliae Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Gracilinanus microtarsus Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Gracilinanus marica Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Gracilinanus dryas Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Gracilinanus aceramarcae Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae Gracilinanus agricolai Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphinae
    [Show full text]
  • Metabolic Homeostasis in Prolonged Tropical Hibernation in Tenrecs
    Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on October 26, 2014 Mammal survival at the Cretaceous−Palaeogene boundary: metabolic homeostasis in prolonged tropical hibernation in tenrecs Barry G. Lovegrove, Kerileigh D. Lobban and Danielle L. Levesque Proc. R. Soc. B 2014 281, 20141304, published 22 October 2014 Supplementary data "Data Supplement" http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/suppl/2014/10/21/rspb.2014.1304.DC1.h tml References This article cites 51 articles, 13 of which can be accessed free http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/281/1796/20141304.full.html#ref-list-1 Subject collections Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections ecology (1791 articles) evolution (1927 articles) physiology (146 articles) Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article - sign up in the box at the top Email alerting service right-hand corner of the article or click here To subscribe to Proc. R. Soc. B go to: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/subscriptions Downloaded from rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org on October 26, 2014 Mammal survival at the Cretaceous– Palaeogene boundary: metabolic homeostasis in prolonged tropical hibernation in tenrecs rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org Barry G. Lovegrove, Kerileigh D. Lobban and Danielle L. Levesque† School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa Research DLL, 0000-0003-0132-8094 Cite this article: Lovegrove BG, Lobban KD, Free-ranging common tenrecs, Tenrec ecaudatus, from sub-tropical Madagas- car, displayed long-term (nine months) hibernation which lacked any Levesque DL. 2014 Mammal survival at the evidence of periodic interbout arousals (IBAs). IBAs are the dominant fea- Cretaceous–Palaeogene boundary: metabolic ture of the mammalian hibernation phenotype and are thought to homeostasis in prolonged tropical hibernation periodically restore long-term ischaemia damage and/or metabolic imbal- in tenrecs.
    [Show full text]
  • Afrotherian Conservation Number 13 (2017)
    From the editors: It seems our appeal for more input for this issue from members and interested parties has borne fruit, with a bumper issue. We thank all contributors, especially the 'golden molers' who from nothing in issue number 12 have contributed greatly to issue number 13. Thank you one and all! One of the most important issues pointed out in several of the articles here, is how many 'new' species and subspecies are hiding in plain sight. This has very important implications for the successful conservation of many species, in particular the poorly known golden moles, many tenrecs and even the hyraxes. We would like to have some feedback from you, the reader, as to whether you think the newsletter still has a place, or do you think articles, notes, new literature should just be placed on the Afrotheria webpage as they become available? For issue number 14 we would greatly appreciate receiving material for publication well before the 2018 July deadline, as we will be spending lengthy periods in the field. So to another good afrotherian year ahead! C. & M. Stuart, Loxton, South Africa August 2017 (www.stuartonnature.com) Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec Echinops telfairi (© C.& M. Stuart) In This Issue - Number 13 - September 2017 Editorial 1 Features Presence of Chequered Giant Sengi (Rhynchocyon cirnei) at Shiwa N'gandu 3 in northern Zambia Identifying the different forms of giant sengi (Rhynchocyon) based on 7 external colour pattern Sengi Taxonomy - a 2017 update 10 Cape Rock Hyrax research update: Cryptic diversity in the rock hyrax from
    [Show full text]
  • Tenrecidae , Insectivora
    NovtautesAMERICAN MUSEUM PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 2889, pp. 1-45, figs. 1-13, 5 tables September 2, 1987 The Shrew Tenrecs of Madagascar: Systematic Revision and Holocene Distribution of Microgale (Tenrecidae, Insectivora) R. D. E. MACPHEE' ABSTRACT The shrew tenrecs of Madagascar-Microgale Revision permits, for the first time, an approx- and the allied nominal genera Leptogale, Para- imate idea of the true ranges and habitat prefer- microgale, and Nesogale-have never been for- ences of shrew tenrec species. Although the ma- mally revised. Examination of all relevant type jority of species appear to be restricted to the material reveals that only 10 of the 22 nominal comparatively moist and equable conditions ofthe species-group names ofshrew tenrecs deserve rec- eastern rain forest, several species occur in forest ognition. The large number of synonyms is prin- islands and other favorable habitat in the eastern cipally due to authors' repeated commission of part of the highlands, and two (M. pusilla and two substantial errors: (1) failing to recognize the brevicaudata) have occupied the dry, highly sea- juvenile status of many "adult" specimens used sonal western side of the island in recent times. as holotypes, and (2) failing to appreciate the Despite its morphological primitiveness, Micro- marked degree of within-group variation in these gale can be aptly described as adaptively resilient. insectivores. Analysis of a range of metric and Colonization of the highlands and the far west nonmetric traits further reveals that there are only presumably occurred by pioneering groups mov- three or four distinctively different morphological ing out from the eastern forest belt during times clusters of shrew tenrecs in the modern fauna, and ofclimatic amelioration and forest expansion; iso- that all species clusters can be comfortably accom- lation of these groups would have occurred when modated in one genus, Microgale.
    [Show full text]