The Politics of Memory
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A Foreign Affair (1948)
Chapter 3 IN THE RUINS OF BERLIN: A FOREIGN AFFAIR (1948) “We wondered where we should go now that the war was over. None of us—I mean the émigrés—really knew where we stood. Should we go home? Where was home?” —Billy Wilder1 Sightseeing in Berlin Early into A Foreign Affair, the delegates of the US Congress in Berlin on a fact-fi nding mission are treated to a tour of the city by Colonel Plummer (Millard Mitchell). In an open sedan, the Colonel takes them by landmarks such as the Brandenburg Gate, the Reichstag, Pariser Platz, Unter den Lin- den, and the Tiergarten. While documentary footage of heavily damaged buildings rolls by in rear-projection, the Colonel explains to the visitors— and the viewers—what they are seeing, combining brief factual accounts with his own ironic commentary about the ruins. Thus, a pile of rubble is identifi ed as the Adlon Hotel, “just after the 8th Air Force checked in for the weekend, “ while the Reich’s Chancellery is labeled Hitler’s “duplex.” “As it turned out,” Plummer explains, “one part got to be a great big pad- ded cell, and the other a mortuary. Underneath it is a concrete basement. That’s where he married Eva Braun and that’s where they killed them- selves. A lot of people say it was the perfect honeymoon. And there’s the balcony where he promised that his Reich would last a thousand years— that’s the one that broke the bookies’ hearts.” On a narrative level, the sequence is marked by factual snippets infused with the snide remarks of victorious Army personnel, making the fi lm waver between an educational program, an overwrought history lesson, and a comedy of very dark humor. -
African-Americans with German Connections
African‐Americans with German Connections These portraits were created to introduce students, parents, and school administrators to the many African‐American leaders with German connections. Many people are not aware of the connections between Germany and Historically Black Colleges and Universities and important movements in African‐American history such as the founding of the NAACP. Too often school personnel question why a student of color would want to learn German or be interested in German‐speaking countries. These portraits tell why some people did, and show the deep history of people of color learning and using German. A second purpose of these portraits is to convey to visitors to a classroom that all students are welcome and have a place there. Images by themselves are only a small part of the classroom experience, but they do serve an important purpose. A second set of these portraits can be printed and hung up around the school. Students can use them in a “scavenger” hunt, looking for people from different time periods, from different areas of studies, etc. Students could have a list of names depicted in the portraits and move around the classroom noting information from two or three of the portraits. They could learn about the others by asking classmates to provide information about those individuals in a question/answer activity. The teacher can put two slips of paper with each name in a bag and have students draw names. The students then find the portrait of the name they have drawn and practice the alphabet by spelling the portrayed individual’s name in German or asking and answering questions about the person. -
Mennonite Life
MENNONITE LIFEJUNE 1991 In this Issue The Mennonite encounter with National Socialism in the 1930s and 1940s remains a troubling event in Mennonite history, even as the memory of World War II and the Holocaust continue to sear the conscience of Western civilization. How could such evil happen? How could people of good will be so compromised? Mennonites have been a people of two kingdoms. Their loyalty to Christ’s kingdom has priority, but they also believe and confess, in the words of the Dortrecht Confession (1632) that “ God has ordained power and authority, and set them to punish the evil, and protect the good, to govern the world, and maintain countries and cities with their subjects in good order and regulation.” The sorting out of heavenly and worldly allegiances has never been simple. Rulers in all times and places, from Phillip II in the Spanish Netherlands to George Bush in the Persian Gulf region, have claimed to fulfill a divine mandate. In his time Adolf Hitler offered protection from anarchy and from communism. There should be no surprise that some Mennonites, especially recent victims of Russian Communism, found the National Socialist program attractive. In this issue three young Mennonite scholars, all of whom researched their topics in work toward master’s degrees, examine the Mennonite response to National Socialism in three countries: Paraguay, Germany, and Canada. John D. Thiesen, archivist at Mennonite Library and Archives at Bethel College, recounts the story as it unfolded in Paraguay. This article is drawn from his thesis completed at Wichita State University in 1990. -
The Failed Post-War Experiment: How Contemporary Scholars Address the Impact of Allied Denazification on Post-World War Ii Germany
John Carroll University Carroll Collected Masters Essays Master's Theses and Essays 2019 THE FAILED POST-WAR EXPERIMENT: HOW CONTEMPORARY SCHOLARS ADDRESS THE IMPACT OF ALLIED DENAZIFICATION ON POST-WORLD WAR II GERMANY Alicia Mayer Follow this and additional works at: https://collected.jcu.edu/mastersessays Part of the History Commons THE FAILED POST-WAR EXPERIMENT: HOW CONTEMPORARY SCHOLARS ADDRESS THE IMPACT OF ALLIED DENAZIFICATION ON POST-WORLD WAR II GERMANY An Essay Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies College of Arts & Sciences of John Carroll University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts By Alicia Mayer 2020 As the tide changed during World War II in the European theater from favoring an Axis victory to an Allied one, the British, American, and Soviet governments created a plan to purge Germany of its Nazi ideology. Furthermore, the Allies agreed to reconstruct Germany so a regime like the Nazis could never come to power again. The Allied Powers met at three major summits at Teheran (November 28-December 1,1943), Yalta (February 4-11, 1945), and Potsdam (July 17-August 2, 1945) to discuss the occupation period and reconstruction of all aspects of German society. The policy of denazification was agreed upon by the Big Three, but due to their political differences, denazification took different forms in each occupation zone. Within all four Allied zones, there was a balancing act between denazification and the urgency to help a war-stricken population in Germany. This literature review focuses specifically on how scholars conceptualize the policy of denazification and its legacy on German society. -
Lutherans, Germans: Hermannsburgers
Lutherans, Germans: Hermannsburgers Never forget that you are Lutheran missionaries and have undertaken to teach according to the Lutheran confession and using pure Lutheran sacraments. Also never forget that you are Germans and must cling to German language and tradition as a jewel given you by God. And as Hermannsburg missionaries you may never become lords but must remain servants. (Theodor Harms, 1857).1 Natal's large German community this year celebrated its contribution to the development of Natal and South Africa. The fact that the language and culture has survived through so many generations is in itself extraordinary, made more so by the tremendous impact the industrious Germans have had at all levels of society. Census figures show that the Germans are the largest 'foreign' contingent of Natal's white population, while German is the most popular foreign language offered at Government schools. 2 Natal boasts a number of prestigious German schools, beautiful churches and a rich cultural tradition. German names are prominent at all levels of government, banking, the building industry and above all, in agriculture and livestock farming. German immigrants and their descendants are also well represented in academic circles, education, medi cine, law, industry, trades and the civil service. They form part of South African history from the days of Jan van Riebeeck when a number of Germans arrived at the Cape of Good Hope in the service of the Dutch East India Company. They are particularly prominent in the development of Natal from its days as the Voortrekker Republic of Natalia. But why did so many Germans settle in a British colony? And how has the German language and tradition survived so many generations in an often hostile environment? The advice of Theodor Harms, given to the second group of Hermannsburg missionaries on 2 November 1857, provides the answer. -
Germany at the Pivot
Three powerful factors military dy l Kenne security, trade opportunities, and Pau by Ostpolitik—are shaping West German tos attitudes toward the Soviet bloc. —Pho Germany at the Pivot BY VINCENT P. GRIMES N ONE critical issue after an- tional approach are West German O other—arms control, East- economic and military power within West trade, modernization of NATO and the German perception NATO nuclear weapons, policy to- that a historic opportunity exists to ward eastern Europe—West Ger- ease national problems. many is now exerting a major and The rise of a powerhouse econo- perhaps decisive influence. my in the Federal Republic, far from The nation of 61,000,000 seems concentrating German attention on increasingly ready to place itself at internal affairs, has fed German odds with key allies on the basic readiness to play a more prominent security issue of how to respond to international role. Soviet power. Bonn consistently After World War II, Germany lay outpaces both the US and Britain in destroyed, and the lines of occupa- supporting Soviet leader Mikhail tion became the frontiers of a divid- Gorbachev and in calling for West- ed Europe. From this prostrate con- ern military concessions. dition, the West German state has The West German Air Force's first-rate equipment includes 165 Tornado fighter/ Bonn's actions reflect a desire for risen to become a worldwide indus- ground-attack aircraft. This Tornado and a larger role in eastern Europe, a trial giant and the dominant eco- crew recently visited Andrews AFB, Md., region where the Kremlin faces vast nomic force on the Continent. -
Criminals with Doctorates: an SS Officer in the Killing Fields of Russia
1 Criminals with Doctorates An SS Officer in the Killing Fields of Russia, as Told by the Novelist Jonathan Littell Henry A. Lea University of Massachusetts-Amherst Lecture Delivered at the University of Vermont November 18, 2009 This is a report about the Holocaust novel The Kindly Ones which deals with events that were the subject of a war crimes trial in Nuremberg. By coincidence I was one of the courtroom interpreters at that trial; several defendants whose testimony I translated appear as major characters in Mr. Littell's novel. This is as much a personal report as an historical one. The purpose of this paper is to call attention to the murders committed by Nazi units in Russia in World War II. These crimes remain largely unknown to the general public. My reasons for combining a discussion of the actual trial with a critique of the novel are twofold: to highlight a work that, as far as I know, is the first extensive literary treatment of these events published in the West and to compare the author's account with what I witnessed at the trial. In the spring of 1947, an article in a Philadelphia newspaper reported that translators were needed at the Nuremberg Trials. I applied successfully and soon found myself in Nuremberg translating documents that were needed for the ongoing cases. After 2 passing a test for courtroom interpreters I was assigned to the so-called Einsatzgruppen Case. Einsatzgruppen is a jargon word denoting special task forces that were sent to Russia to kill Jews, Gypsies, so-called Asiatics, Communist officials and some mental patients. -
Ortsflyer Hermannsburg 20180315.Indd
Hermannsburg und Unterlüß Willkommen in der Südheide! 2018 www.regioncelle.de Grußwort des Bürgermeisters Liebe Besucherinnen und Besucher! Ich heiße Sie herzlich willkommen in unserer schönen Gemeinde Südheide! Hermannsburg und Unterlüß und unsere weiteren Ortsteile sind in eine herrliche Wald- und Heidelandschaft inmitten der südlichen Lüneburger Heide eingebettet – eine Umgebung, die Sie begeistern wird! Hermanns- burg blickt bereits auf eine über 1.000jährige interessante Geschichte zurück, während Unterlüß mit ca. 150 Jahren noch recht jung ist. Ausgedehnte Heideflächen und Wälder laden Sie ein zum Wandern, Rad fahren, Reiten, Kutsche fahren, Paddeln auf dem Heideflüsschen Örtze und vielem mehr. Informativ soll Ihnen diese Broschüre unsere schönen Heide- orte als Urlaubsziele etwas näher bringen und dabei helfen, unter den vie- len Möglichkeiten genau das Richtige herauszufinden. Besuchen Sie uns, und lernen Sie unsere Heideorte mit ihren netten Men- schen kennen! Ich wünsche Ihnen schon jetzt einen interessanten und erholsamen Aufenthalt. Axel Flader Bürgermeister 2 Hermannsburg Gemeinde Südheide – dem Alltag entfliehen, die Ruhe genießen … Die Gemeinde Südheide mit den Orten Hermannsburg und Unterlüß liegt im Her- zen des Naturparks Südheide. Genießen Sie die Ruhe abseits der großen Verkehrsstra- ßen. Inmitten ausgedehnter Heideflächen und Wälder bietet die Gemeinde Südheide ideale Voraussetzungen für einen erholsa- men Urlaub. Die nahegelegenen Heide- flächen, die Misselhorner Heide, die Heide am Schillohsberg bei Lutterloh, der Wietzer Berg mit dem Hermann-Löns-Gedenkstein bei Müden (Örtze) und der Wacholderwald bei Schmarbeck sind gern besuchte Ausflugsziele. Ausge- zeichnete Rad- und Wanderwege, wie der Heidschnuckenweg, 2014 zum schönsten Wanderweg Deutschlands gewählt, führen durch die Region und bieten einzigartige Naturerlebnisse. Unser barrierefreier Rundwanderweg an Angelbecksteich ist ein besonderes Highlight auch für Menschen mit Geh- oder Sehbehinderungen. -
Aus Dem Leben Des Missionars Johannes, Heinrich, Christoph Lilje
JOHANN HEINRICH CHRISTOPH LILJE * 15.09.1833 † 23.09.1920 Married on 25.09.1871 ANNA CAROLINE LILJE (BECKRÖGE) * 09.06.1847 † 10.09.1935 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 2 FOREWORD ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION .............................................................................................................. 6 SECTION I: THE MISSIONARY JOHANN HEINRICH CHRISTOPH LILJE .................................................................... 7 1 The greater Lilje family: Lylye, Lillie, Lilie, Lilje, Lilien, Lilye, Lillige ....................................................... 7 1.1 Steinhorst .................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 Lüsche .......................................................................................................................................................... 11 1.3 Allersehl ....................................................................................................................................................... 12 1.4 Gerdau ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 2 -
Billy Wilder
Extrait de la publication Présentation de l’éditeur : « Je me contente de faire des films que j’aimerais voir » ; « S’il y a une chose que je déteste plus que de ne pas être pris au sérieux, c’est de l’être trop. » Derrière ces boutades se cache la personnalité d’un témoin passionné de la société qui l’entoure. Billy Wilder, qui a toujours considéré que Lubitsch était maître dans la manière de passer avec ironie du drame à la comédie, a fait de cette fondamentale ambiguïté le cœur de son cinéma. Limiter sa carrière à ses éblouissantes comédies serait une erreur. Il s’est aussi attaché au monde du journalisme à sensation (Le Gouffre aux chimères), à la guerre (Stalag 17, Les Cinq Secrets du désert), à l’univers hollywodien (Sunset Boulevard) et au film noir (Assurance sur la mort), dirigeant au passage certains des comédiens les plus célèbres de l’époque : Humphrey Bogart, Gary Cooper, Bing Crosby, Marlène Dietrich, William Holden, Dean Martin, Kim Novak, Jack Lemmon, Barbara Stanwyck, Erich von Stroheim, Gloria Swanson… On lui doit une Audrey Hepburn plus séduisante que jamais dans Sabrina et Ariane et deux des plus beaux rôles de Marilyn Monroe, Sept ans de réflexion et Certains l’aiment chaud. L’ouvrage retrace la carrière de Wilder depuis ses débuts comme scénariste, avant d’étudier chacune de ses réalisations. Un livre haut en couleurs sur un artiste hors du commun. Auteur de nombreux ouvrages dont John Ford, John Huston, Clint Eastwood et Le Film noir, Patrick Brion est historien du cinéma, spécialiste du cinéma américain. -
Analyzing Processes of Knowledge Production
Beyond the Memory: the Era of Witnessing – Analyzing Processes of Knowledge Production and Memorialization of the Holocaust through the Concepts of Translocal Assemblage and Witness Creation by Myriam Bettina Gerber B.A., University of Victoria, 2008 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in Interdisciplinary Studies © Myriam Bettina Gerber, 2016 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. Beyond the Memory: the Era of Witnessing – Analyzing Processes of Knowledge Production and Memorialization of the Holocaust through the Concepts of Translocal Assemblage and Witness Creation by Myriam Bettina Gerber B.A., University of Victoria, 2008 Supervisory Committee Dr. Alexandrine Boudreault-Fournier, Supervisor (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Charlotte Schallie, Co-Supervisor (Department of Germanic Studies) i | P a g e Supervisory Committee Dr. Alexandrine Boudreault-Fournier, Supervisor (Department of Anthropology) Dr. Charlotte Schallie, Co-Supervisor (Department of Germanic Studies) Abstract This paper considers the symbiotic relationship between iconic visual representations of the Holocaust – specifically film and Holocaust sites – and processes of Holocaust memorialization. In conjunction, specific sites and objects related to the Holocaust have become icons. I suggest that specific Holocaust sites as well as Holocaust films can be perceived as elements of one and/or multiple translocal assemblage/s. My focus in this analysis is on the role of knowledge production and witness creation in Holocaust memorialization. It is not my intention to diminish the role of Holocaust memorialization; rather, I seek to look beyond representational aspects, and consider the processual relationships involved in the commemoration of the Holocaust in institutions, such as memorial sites and museums, as well as through elements of popular culture, such as films. -
Schulbusfahrplan Schulen in Hermannsburg Aus Bergen Hinfahrt
Nur gültig an Schultagen ab: 02.09.2021 Schulbusfahrplan Schulen in Hermannsburg aus Bergen CeBus GmbH & Co. KG, Nienburger Straße 50 29225 Celle (0 51 41) 48 70 80 Hinfahrt 160/9979 120/2495 120/2587 160/3660 160/9980 Linie/Fahrtnummer 110/1955 160/3662 130/2592 110/2009 160/3740 210/1975 210/1539 210/4050 210/2019 Häger Döp 06:11 07:25 Hagen 06:12 07:26 Nindorf 06:14 07:28 Widdernhausen 06:16 07:30 Dageförde 06:19 07:33 Becklingen, Abzweig B3 06:27 I 07:28 Becklingen, Bahnhof 06:28 I 07:30 Oehus, Oehus 06:30 I 07:32 Becklingen, Gertrudenhof 06:32 I 07:34 Becklingen, Ortsmitte 06:35 I 07:37 Wardböhmen, Ortsmitte 06:38 I 07:40 Hoope (Bergen) 06:40 I 07:42 Bleckmar, Schulbus 06:21 07:36 I Bleckmar, vor dem Berge 06:22 07:38 I Bleckmar 06:42 I I 07:35 Offen, Aschendamm I I 07:22 I I Belsen, Siedlung I 06:37 I 07:27 I I Belsen, Dorf I 06:39 I III Belsen, Schulbus I I I 07:29 I I Hohne, Scheibenhof I 06:41 I 07:32 I I Hohne, Fritsch-Denkmal I 06:42 I 07:33 I I Hasselhorst, Kreuzung I 06:45 I 07:35 I I Hasselhorst, Ortsmitte I 06:47 I 07:36 I I Hassel I I 06:30 I 07:21 I I I Bollersen, Ortsmitte I I 06:44 I 07:09 I I I I Katensen I I 06:38 I 07:12 I I I I Offen, B3 I I 06:35 I I 07:27 I I I Bollersen, Höhberg I I 06:41 I I 07:29 I I I Bergen, Celler Straße I I 06:46 I I 07:32 07:52 I I Bergen, Lange Straße an 06:46 06:50 06:49 07:41 07:45 07:46 07:41 07:47 07:47 Bergen, Lange Straße ab 06:47 06:52 07:48 07:47 07:47 Bergen, Bahnhofstraße 06:50 06:55 07:51 07:54 I Bergen, Bahnhof 06:52 06:57 07:53 07:56 07:54 Bergen, Hermannsburger Straße 06:53