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824 1 CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY Volume 37, Number S, December I996 bases that generate them do not need to be imposed ANDREWS, ANTHONY P., AND, F. ROBLES C. I985. "Chichen wholesale to be of use in comparative history and an- and Coba: An Itza-Maya standoff in the Early Postclassic Yuca- thropology. I would only argue that aspects of the galac- tan," in The Lowland Maya Postclassic. Edited by Arlen Chase and Prudence Rice, pp. 62-72. Austin: University of Texas tic-polity model do lead us to focus on structural charac- Press. [AAD] teristics and dynamics central to an understanding of ANDREWS, E. WYLLYS, V, AND JEREMY SABLOFF. I986. the variability and the instability of Maya states. Even "Classic to Postclassic: A summary discussion," in Late Low- with the new rich epigraphic data, we need comparative land Maya civilization: Classic to Postclassic. Edited by Jer- emy Sabloff and E. W. Andrews V, pp. 433-56. Albuquerque: ethnography and history to provide alternative interpre- University of New Mexico Press. [AAD] tations of Maya culture history and to provide historio- AWE, JAIME J. i985. Archaeological investigations at Caledonia, graphic guidelines for the interpretation of the propagan- Cayo District, Belize, M.A. thesis, Department of Anthropol- distic elite "emic" perspective of Maya monumental ogy, Trent University, Peterborough, Ont., Canada. inscriptions. Unlike some cynics, I agree completely ASHMORE, WENDY, AND GORDON R. WILLEY. I98I. "A his- torical introduction to the study of Lowland Maya settlement with Marcus, Schele, Freidel, Mathews, Stuart, Hous- patterns," in Lowland Maya settlement patterns. Edited by ton, Grube, and others that the inscriptions provide our W. Ashmore, pp. 3-I8. Albuquerque: University of New Mex- best data for the interpretation of Maya political organi- ico Press. zation (see, e.g., Marcus I976, i983b, I992, I993; Ma- BALL, JOSEPH W. I977. "The rise of the northern chiefdoms," in The origins of Maya civilization. Edited by R. E. W. Adams, thews I985, I988, I99I; Culbert I988; Schele and pp. IOI-32. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. Freidel I990; Stuart and Houston I989). They can do so, . I993. Cahal Pech, the ancient Maya, and modern Belize: however, only when this historical record is skeptically The story of an archaeological park. San Diego: San Diego processed by historiographic interpretation guided by State University Press. comparative history and ethnography. Mayanists should . I994. "Northern Maya archaeology: Some observations on an emerging paradigm," in Hidden among the hills: Maya not isolate themselves from comparative anthropology archaeology of the northwest Yucatan Peninsula. Edited by and history. H. J. Prem, pp. 389-96. (Acta Mesoamericana 7.) Mockmulhl: In the coming decades, models of Maya political dy- Verlag von Flemming. namics should be generated from epigraphic data and BALL, JOSEPH W., AND JENNIFER T. TASCHEK. I99I. Late Classic Lowland Maya political organization and central-place comparative studies and then tested, as the Chases and analysis: New insights from the Upper Belize Valley. Ancient others are doing, by archaeological and ethnohistorical Mesoamerica 2:I49-65. researches. Such projects, instead of seeking to discover BECKER, MARSHALL J. I973. Archaeological evidence for occu- the true form of the Maya state, should focus on the pational specialization among the Classic period Maya at Ti- central issues of Maya political history: the instability kal, Guatemala. American Antiquity 38:396-406. BENTLEY, G. CARTER. I986. Indigenous states of Southeast and variability of Maya politics, the phenomenon of the Asia. Annual Review of Anthropology I 5:275-305. collapse, and the failure of any of the Classic period's BERLIN, HEINRICH. i958. El glifo "emblema" en las inscripci- lowland political formations to give rise to urban, nucle- ones Mayas. Journal de la Societ6 des Americanistes 47: III -I9. ated, and economically powerful Postclassic states. As BLANTON, RICHARD, STEPHEN KOWALEWSKI, GARY FEIN- MAN, AND JILL APPEL. I98I. Ancient Mesoamerica: A com- we wrestle with these issues we should remember that parison of change in three regions. New York: Cambridge Uni- our greatest challenges-and our frustrations-come versity Press. from the protean nature of the Maya state itself. BLOCH, MAURICE. I96I. Feudal society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. BORHEGYI, STEPHAN F. DE. i956. The development of folk and complex cultures in the southern Maya area. American An- tiquity 2I:343-56. References Cited BORIE, GRETA Z. i982. Amaq': An emic model of organization for the Highland Maya. Master's thesis, Department of Anthro- ADAMS, RICHARD E. W. I974. "A trial estimation of Classic pology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. Maya palace populations at Uaxactun," in Mesoamerican ar- BOSERUP, ESTER. I965. The conditions of agricultural growth. chaeology: New approaches. Edited by N. Hammond, pp. Chicago: Aldine. 285-96. Austin: University of Texas Press. BROWN, KENNETH L. I985. "Postclassic relationships between . I977. Prehistoric Mesoamerica. Boston: Little, Brown. the Highland and Lowland Maya," in The Lowland Maya Post- ADAMS, RICHARD, E. W., AND R. D. JONES. I98I. Spatial pat- classic. Edited by A. F. Chase and D. Z. Chase, pp. 270-8i. terns and regional growth among Maya cities. American Antiq- Austin: University of Texas Press. uity 46:30I-22. BRUMFIEL, ELIZABETH M. I995. "Heterarchy and the analysis ADAMS, RICHARD E. W., AND W. D. SMITH. I98I. "Feudal of complex societies: Comments," in Heterarchy and the anal- models for Classic Maya civilization," in Lowland Maya settle- ysis of complex societies. Edited by Robert M. Ehrenreich, Car- ment patterns. Edited by W. Ashmore, pp. 335-49. Albuquer- ole L. Crumley, and Janet E. Levy, pp. I25-3i. Archaeological que: University of New Mexico Press. Papers of the American Anthropological Association 6. ADAMS, ROBERT MC C. I966. The evolution of urban society. BRUMFIEL, ELIZABETH M., AND JOHN W. FOX. Editors. I993. Chicago: Aldine. Factional competition and political development in the New ALVAREZ AREVALO, MIQUEL. I987. Manuscriptos de Coval- World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. chaj. Museo del Popol Vuh Collecci6n de Documentos Histor- BULLARD, WILLIAM, R., JR. I960. The Maya settlement pat- icos I. tern in northeastern Peten, Guatemala. American Antiquity ANDREWS, ANTHONY. I983. Maya salt production and trade. 25:355-72. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. I964. "Settlement pattern and social structure in the ANDREWS, ANTHONY P. I990. The fall of Chichen Itza: A pre- southern Maya lowlands during the Classic period." Actas y liminary hypothesis. Latin American Antiquity i:258-67. Memorias, XXXV Congreso Internacional de Americanistas, [AAD] M6xico, I962, vol. I, pp. 278-87. Mexico City. This content downloaded from 131.216.162.40 on Sat, 08 Jul 2017 00:36:58 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms FOX ET AL. The Maya State 1 825 CANCIAN, FRANK. I976. Social stratification. Annual Review of I99I. Three Terminal Classic monuments from Caracol, Be- Anthropology 5:227-48. lize. Research Reports on Ancient Maya Writing 36. CARBONELL PASTOR, FERNANDO. I973. Gramatica Quich6. CHASE, ARLEN F., AND PRUDENCE M. RICE, Editors. I985. Guatemala: Instituto Indigenista Nacional. The Lowland Maya Postclassic. Austin: University of Texas CARMACK, ROBERT M. I966. La perpetuaci6n del clan patrilin- Press. eal en Totonicapan. Antropologia e Historia de Guatemala CHASE, DIANE Z. I986. "Social and political organization in the I8(e2):43-60. land of cacao and honey: Correlating the archaeology and eth- . I976. "La estratificacion quicheana prehispanica." in Es- nohistory of the Postclassic Lowland Maya," in Late Lowland tratificaci6n social en la Mesoam6rica prehisp6nica. Edited by Maya civilization. Edited by J. A. Sabloff and E. W. Andrews, R. M. Carmack, pp. 245-77. Mexico City: Instituto Nacional pp. 347-77. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. de Antropologia e Historia de Mexico. I992. "Postclassic Maya elites: Ethnohistory and archaeol- . I977. "'Ethnohistory of the central Quiche: The commu- ogy," in Mesoamerican elites: An archaeological assessment. nity of Utatlan," in Archaeology and ethnohistory of the cen- Edited by D. Z. Chase and A. F. Chase, pp. II8-34. Norman: tral Quich6. Edited by D. T. Wallace and R. M. Carmack, pp. University of Oklahoma Press. I-I9. Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, State University of CHASE, DIANE Z., AND ARLEN F. CHASE. I988. A Postclassic New York, Albany, publ. I. perspective: Excavations at the Maya site of Santa Rita Coro- . 198I. The Quich6 Mayas of Utatlan. Norman: Univer- zal, Belize. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute Monograph sity of Oklahoma Press. 4. CARMACK, ROBERT M., JOHN W. FOX, AND RUSSELL E. I992. "An archaeological assessment of Mesoamerican STEWART. I975. La formaci6n del reino quich6. Instituto de elites," in Mesoamerican elites: An archaeological perspective. Antropologia e Historia, special publ. 7. Edited by D. Z. Chase and A. F. Chase, pp. 303-I7. Norman: CARNEIRO, ROBERT L. I967. On the relationship between size University of Oklahoma Press. of population and complexity of social organization. Southwest- . Editors. 1994. Studies in the archaeology of Caracol, Be- ern Journal of Anthropology 23:234-43. lize. Pre-Columbian Art Research Institute Monograph 7. 1992. "Point counterpoint: Ecology and ideology in the CHASE, DIANE Z., ARLEN F. CHASE, AND WILLIAM A. HAVI- development of New World civilizations," in Ideology
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  • Laporte, Juan Pedro, Rolando Torres, Hctor Escobedo, Paulino Morales

    Laporte, Juan Pedro, Rolando Torres, Hctor Escobedo, Paulino Morales

    Laporte, Juan Pedro, Rolando Torres, Héctor Escobedo y Paulino Morales 1992 El valle de Sacul en las Montañas Mayas de Guatemala. En IV Simposio de Investigaciones Arqueológicas en Guatemala, 1990 (editado por J.P. Laporte, H. Escobedo y S. Brady), pp.107-118. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala. 10 EL VALLE DE SACUL EN LAS MONTAÑAS MAYAS DE GUATEMALA Juan Pedro Laporte Rolando Torres Héctor Escobedo Paulino Morales La presente plática enfoca los resultados del programa Atlas Arqueológico de Guatemala en un sector del sureste de Petén, en donde se vienen desarrollando reconocimientos intensivos para la determinación y registro de los distintos centros arqueológicos de la región a partir de 1985. El valle de Sacul es parte del sector norte de las Montañas Mayas guatemaltecas, a 16 km del límite con Belice (Figura 1). Sacul es uno de la serie de valles y mesetas que conforman la región sureste de Petén, en un paisaje más escarpado que los sectores de meseta de Dolores y Poptun, con alturas que oscilan entre 450 y 650 m sobre el nivel del mar. El río Sacul surca este valle en dirección norte; pertenece al sistema de drenaje del alto río Mopan. Llega a resumirse conjuntamente con los ríos Xa´an y Mopan para luego resurgir en forma navegable, cruzando las sabanas y llanuras de Ucanal hasta llegar a Melchor de Mencos como río Mopan y al Caribe como río Belice. Los picos montañosos que rodean el valle de Sacul sostienen bosque primario, mientras que tierras más aptas están cultivadas con milpería y habilitadas para potrero.