DOCSLIB.ORG

DND Language Reform

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DND Language Reform Armand Letellier (Colonel ret.) DND Language Reform: Staffing the Bilingualism Programs 1967-1977 DIRECTORATE OF HISTORY Socio-Military Series * * * No. 1 Jean-Pierre Gagnon, The 22nd (French-Canadian) Battalion, 1914-1919: Socio-military history. No. 2 Jean Pariseau and Serge Bernier, French Canadians and Bilingualism in the Canadian Armed Forces, Vol. I - 1763-1969, The Fear of a Parallel Army. No. 3 Armand Letellier, DND Language Reform: Staffing the Bilingualism Pro- grams, 1967-1977. To be published No. 4 Jean Pariseau and Serge Bernier, French Canadians and Bilingualism in the Canadian Armed Forces, Vol. II - 1969-1983, Official Languages: DND’s Response to the Federal Policy. Additional Reading The Memoirs of General Jean V. Allard (written in cooperation with Serge Bernier), René Morin, DND Dependants’ Schools, 1921-1983, Ottawa, NDHQ, Direc- torate of History, 1986. i © Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1987 Available in Canada through Associated Bookstores and other booksellers or by mail from Canadian Government Publishing Centre Supply and Services Canada Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9 Catalogue No. D63-2/3 E Canada: $13.95 ISBN 0-660-12490-4 Other Countries: $16.75 Price subject to change without notice All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval sys- tem, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or oth- erwise, without the prior written permission of the Publishing Services, Canadian Govern- ment Publishing Centre, Ottawa, Canada K I A OS9. Letellier, Joseph Oscar Armand - 1915 1. Official Languages, Canada 2. Bilingualism, Canadian Government Policy on 3. National Defence, Canada, 1967-1977 4. Canada, socio-military history Note. In the writing of this volume the author has been given full access to relevant official documents in possession of the Department of National Defence but the inferences drawn and the opinions expressed are those of the author himself and the department is in no way responsible for his reading or presentation of the facts as stated. Également disponible en français sous le titre: Réforme linguistique à la Défense nationale: la mise en marche des programmes de bilinguisme, 1967-1977 ii DND Language Reform: Staffing the Bilingualism Programs 1967-1977 ARMAND LETELLIER (Colonel ret.) DND Language Reform: Staffing the Bilingualism Programs 1967-1977 Socio-Military Series No. 3 Directorate of History NDHQ, Ottawa 1987 Table of Contents Abbreviations and Definitions............................................................... ix List of Photographs................................................................................ xi Foreword by W.A.B. Douglas ............................................................... xiii Eplanatory Note by J. Pariseau.............................................................. xv Preface................................................................................................... xvii Part One ON CREATING THE ‘BILINGUAL SECRETARIAT’ SEPTEMBER 1967 — 1968 I —Formation of the ‘Bilingual Secretariat’ .......................... 1 II —Consequences of the Ross Report.................................... 3 III —Defence Council Meetings on our Bilingualism Projects and the Petition to Cabinet ................................. 9 IV —Attitude and Behaviour at National Defence Headquarters .................................................................... 21 V —Reactions of the General Officers Commanding ............. 31 VI —The Cabinet's Decisions and Mr. Pearson's Concerns........................................................................... 41 VII —Directives of the Chief of the Defence Staff; Preparation of the Implementation Plans ......................... 47 vii Part Two ON BECOMING DIRECTOR GENERAL OF BILINGUALISM AND BICULTURALISM AUGUST 1971 — NOVEMBER 1977 VIII —My Return to the Department of National Defence............................................................................. 69 IX —Status of the Program and Plans for Bilingualism at the Department in August, 1971................................... 71 X —Review and Approval of the Military Program................. 77 XI —Status of the Civilian Program .......................................... 111 XII —Actions in Support of Bilingualism and Biculturalism .................................................................... 115 XIII —1973................................................................................... 143 XIV —1974................................................................................... 171 XV —1975................................................................................... 195 XVI —1976................................................................................... 217 XVII —1977................................................................................... 235 Documentary Sources............................................................................ 243 Annexes A Organization Chart, Bilingual Secretariat, 1967.................. 251 B Organization Chart, NDHQ, 1971 ....................................... 252 C Organization chart, DGBB, August 1971 ............................ 253 D Organization chart, DGBB, January 1973 ........................... 254 E Organization chart, DGBB, December 1973........................ 255 F Organization chart, DGBB, December 1976........................ 256 Index ...................................................................................................... 258 viii Abbreviations and Definitions AADM(Per) Associate Assistant Deputy Minister (Personnel) ADM(Fin) Assistant Deputy Minister (Finance) ADM(Mat) Assistant Deputy Minister (Material) ADM(Per) Assistant Deputy Minister (Personnel) ADM(Pol) Assistant Deputy Minister (Policy) AMU Air Movement Unit B & B Bilingualism and Biculturalism (policy of) B & B Royal Commission of Inquiry on Bilingualism and Commission Biculturalism BGen Brigadier-General CAF Canadian Armed Forces CDEE Canadian Defence Education Establishments CDS Chief of the Defence Staff CFLS Canadian Forces Language School CG Comptroller General CLR Coordinator of Linguistic Requirements CMR Collège militaire royal de St-Jean COL Commissioner of Official Languages CP Chief of Personnel CPCO Chief of Personnel Careers - Officers CPD Chief, Personnel Development C Prog Chief of Programs C Res Chief of Reserves DBPA Directorate of Bilingual Programs Assessment DBPP Directorate of Bilingual Plans and Programs DC Defence Council DCDS Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff DGBB Director General (or Directorate General) of Bilin- gualism and Biculturalism DGDE Director General, Dependants’ Education DG Info Director General, Information DGOL Director General of Official Languages DGPC Director General, Postings and Careers DGRC Director General, Reserves and Cadets DLT Directorate of Language Training DM Deputy Minister ix DMC Defence Management Committee DND Department of National Defence DO Directorate (or Director) of Organization DTTP Director of Translation and Terminology Policy ELU English-Language Unit FLU French-language Unit Francotrain French-language Training FTD French-language Training Division GOC General Officer(s) Commanding HQ Headquarters JAG Judge Advocate General LCo1 Lieutenant-Colonel LGen Lieutenant-General MGen Major-General NDEU National Defence Employees’ Union NDHQ National Defence Headquarters NDMC National Defence Medical Centre NU National Unit OLAO Official Languages Administrative Organization OLIN Official Languages Information Network PS Public Service PSC Public Service Commission RAdm Rear-Admiral RCMP Royal Canadian Mounted Police RMC Royal Military College RRMC Royal Roads Military College SMC Senior Management Committee SX Senior executive in the Public Service UWF Unit Working in French VAdm Vice-Admiral VCDS Vice Chief of the Defence Staff x List of Photographs (p. 61-67) 1. Rt Hon L.B. Pearson, PC, CC, OBE Hon P.T. Hellyer, PC 2. General J. V. Allard, CC, CBE, DSO, ED, CD Brigadier-General A. Ross, DSO, CD 3. Hon L.A. Cadieux, PC E.B. Armstrong 4. Roger Lavergne Major Louis Noël de Tilly, CD 5. Brigadier-General M. Richard, CD Major P. Clavel, CD 6. Lieutenant-General W. Carr, CMM, DFC, CD Lieutenant-General M.E. Pollard, DSO, DFC, AFC, CD 7. Colonel P. Chassé, MBE, CD Colonel J. Fournier, OMM, CD (p. 135-141) 8. Rt Hon P.E. Trudeau, PC, CC Hon D.S. Macdonald, PC 9. S. Cloutier C.R. Nixon 10. General F.R. Sharp, CMM, DFC, CD General J.A. Dextraze, CC, CBE, CMM, DSO, CD xi 11. Admiral R.H. Falls, CMM, CD General R.M. Withers, CMM, CD 12. Major-General J. Hanna, CD Major-General D.A. McAlpine, CMM, CD 13. Major-General J.P.R. LaRose, CD Commander Pierre Simard, CD 14. Lieutenant-General J.J. Paradis, CMM, CD General C.G.E. Thériault, CMM, CD xii Foreword The introduction of official bilingualism, by any yardstick, has been one of the most contentious reforms ever attempted in the Canadian Armed Forces. Even more, perhaps, than unification the Official Languages Act has created deep divisions of opinion about the merits of the concept and the methods by which it should be implemented. Those charged with Staffing the Bilin- gualism Programs were exposed to bitter criticism by people who thought things were moving too fast, yet had to withstand com- plaints, and resist pressures, by others who thought change was not coming about fast enough. Bridging the gap between these two factions demanded wisdom and administrative skill of a high order. Armand Letellier wrote this
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Officer Professional Education in the Canadian Forces and the Rowley Report, 1969
    Officer Professional Education in the Canadian Forces and the Rowley Report, 1969 Colonel (retired) Randall Wakelam In the late 1960s the Canadian Military was experiencing a peacetime upheaval. The three previously independent Services were being amalgamated – unified – by political direction. This meant that previously independent processes, including professional education, had to be rethought and reorganized to fit the new single-force philosophy. Under the leadership of a battlefield commander, Major-General Roger Rowley, a small team set out to devise a radical concept for academic and professional education that would provide officers with a coherent suite of learning programs spanning their careers, all provided for by an integrated single military-civilian teaching engine. The plan immediately met resistance from pre-existing organizations and, harried by organizational reductions, faded from the scene, even as the value of enhanced education was receiving general support. In 2002, with a renewed focus on intellectual agility, the concept was resurrected with the establishment of the Canadian Defence Academy. À la fin des années 1960, en pleine période de paix, les militaires canadiens vécurent un remaniement. Les trois branches des forces armées, précédemment indépendantes, furent intégrées, réunifiées, par les autorités politiques. Cela signifiait que des secteurs d’activités autrefois séparés, dont la formation professionnelle, devaient être repensés et réorganisés dans l’optique d’une force armée unifiée. Sous la gouverne d’un commandant de l’armée de terre, le Major général Roger Rowley, une petite équipe chercha à mettre au point un tout nouveau concept d’éducation académique et professionnelle qui fournirait aux officiers un ensemble logique de programmes d’apprentissages durant leur carrière, tous ces programmes étant fournis par un appareil éducatif militaro-civil unique intégré.
    [Show full text]
  • Accountability for National Defence
    Ideas IRPP Analysis Debate Study Since 1972 No. 4, March 2010 www.irpp.org Accountability for National Defence Ministerial Responsibility, Military Command and Parliamentary Oversight Philippe Lagassé While the existing regime to provide accountability for national defence works reasonably well, modest reforms that reinforce the convention of ministerial responsibility can improve parliamentary oversight and civilian control of the military. Le processus actuel de reddition de comptes en matière de défense nationale remplit son rôle ; toutefois, des réformes mineures renforçant la responsabilité ministérielle permettraient de consolider la surveillance parlementaire et la direction civile des forces militaires. Contents Summary 1 Résumé 2 Parliament and National Defence 5 The Government and National Defence 28 Notes and References 58 About This Study 61 The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IRPP or its Board of Directors. IRPP Study is a refereed monographic series that is published irregularly throughout the year. Each study is subject to rigorous internal and external peer review for academic soundness and policy relevance. IRPP Study replaces IRPP Choices and IRPP Policy Matters. All IRPP publications are available for download at irpp.org. If you have questions about our publications, please contact irpp@irpp.org. If you would like to subscribe to our newsletter, Thinking Ahead, please go to our Web site, at irpp.org. ISSN 1920-9436 (Online) ISSN 1920-9428 (Print) ISBN 978-0-88645-219-3 (Online) ISBN 978-0-88645-221-6 (Print) Summary Canadians’ renewed focus on military matters reflects a desire to strengthen accountability for matters of national defence.
    [Show full text]
  • Report on Transformation: a Leaner NDHQ?
    • INDEPENDENT AND INFORMED • AUTONOME ET RENSEIGNÉ ON TRACK The Conference of Defence Associations Institute • L’Institut de la Conférence des Associations de la Défense Autumn 2011 • Volume 16, Number 3 Automne 2011 • Volume 16, Numéro 3 REPORT ON TRANSFORMATION: A leaner NDHQ? Afghanistan: Combat Mission Closure Reflecting on Remembrance ON TRACK VOLUME 16 NUMBER 3: AUTUMN / AUTOMNE 2011 PRESIDENT / PRÉSIDENT Dr. John Scott Cowan, BSc, MSc, PhD VICE PRESIDENT / VICE PRÉSIDENT Général (Ret’d) Raymond Henault, CMM, CD CDA INSTITUTE BOARD OF DIRECTORS LE CONSEIL D’ADMINISTRATION DE L’INSTITUT DE LA CAD EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR / DIRECTEUR EXÉCUTIF Colonel (Ret) Alain M. Pellerin, OMM, CD, MA Admiral (Ret’d) John Anderson SECRETARY-TREASURER / SECRÉTAIRE TRÉSORIER Mr. Thomas d’Aquino Lieutenant-Colonel (Ret’d) Gordon D. Metcalfe, CD Dr. David Bercuson HONOURARY COUNSEL / AVOCAT-CONSEIL HONORAIRE Dr. Douglas Bland Mr. Robert T. Booth, QC, B Eng, LL B Colonel (Ret’d) Brett Boudreau DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH / Dr. Ian Brodie DIRECTEUR DE LA RECHERCHE Mr. Paul Chapin, MA Mr. Thomas S. Caldwell Mr. Mel Cappe PUBLIC AFFAIRS / RELATIONS PUBLIQUES Captain (Ret’d) Peter Forsberg, CD Mr. Jamie Carroll Dr. Jim Carruthers DEFENCE POLICY ANALYSTS / ANALYSTES DES POLITIQUES DE DÉFENSE Mr. Paul H. Chapin Ms. Meghan Spilka O’Keefe, MA Mr. Terry Colfer Mr. Arnav Manchanda, MA M. Jocelyn Coulon Mr. Dave Perry, MA Dr. John Scott Cowan PROJECT OFFICER / AGENT DE PROJET Mr. Dan Donovan Mr. Paul Hillier, MA Lieutenant-général (Ret) Richard Evraire Conference of Defence Associations Institute Honourary Lieutenant-Colonel Justin Fogarty 151 Slater Street, Suite 412A Ottawa ON K1P 5H3 Colonel, The Hon.
    [Show full text]
  • Honourable Paul T. Hellyer BIOGRAPHY
    Honourable Paul T. Hellyer BIOGRAPHY Paul Theodore Hellyer, born 6 August 1923, is an engineer, politician, writer and commentator who has had a long and varied career. He is the longest serving current member of the Privy Council of Canada, just ahead of Prince Philip. Paul Hellyer was Canada’s youngest Member of Parliament when he was first elected in 1949 and the youngest cabinet minister appointed to Louis S. St. Laurent’s government eight years later. Although Hellyer is best known for the unification of the Canadian Armed Forces and for his 1968 chairmanship of the Task Force on Housing and Urban Development, he has maintained a life-long interest in macroeconomics. This led him to form Action Canada, a populist movement dedicated to the concepts of full employment and low inflation with an emphasis on quality-of-life issues. Through the years, as a journalist and political commentator, he has continued to fight for economic reforms and has written several books on the subject. A man of many interests, Hellyer’s ideas are not classroom abstractions. He was born and raised on a farm and his business experience includes manufacturing, retailing, construction, land development, tourism and publishing. He has also been active in community affairs including the arts and studied voice at the Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto. His multi-faceted career, in addition to a near-lifetime in politics, gives Hellyer a rare perspective on what has gone wrong with world economies. Paul Hellyer currently resides in Toronto. He has three children and five grandchildren. .
    [Show full text]
  • 1866 (C) Circa 1510 (A) 1863
    BONUS : Paintings together with their year of completion. (A) 1863 (B) 1866 (C) circa 1510 Vancouver Estival Trivia Open, 2012, FARSIDE team BONUS : Federal cabinet ministers, 1940 to 1990 (A) (B) (C) (D) Norman Rogers James Ralston Ernest Lapointe Joseph-Enoil Michaud James Ralston Mackenzie King James Ilsley Louis St. Laurent 1940s Andrew McNaughton 1940s Douglas Abbott Louis St. Laurent James Ilsley Louis St. Laurent Brooke Claxton Douglas Abbott Lester Pearson Stuart Garson 1950s 1950s Ralph Campney Walter Harris John Diefenbaker George Pearkes Sidney Smith Davie Fulton Donald Fleming Douglas Harkness Howard Green Donald Fleming George Nowlan Gordon Churchill Lionel Chevrier Guy Favreau Walter Gordon 1960s Paul Hellyer 1960s Paul Martin Lucien Cardin Mitchell Sharp Pierre Trudeau Leo Cadieux John Turner Edgar Benson Donald Macdonald Mitchell Sharp Edgar Benson Otto Lang John Turner James Richardson 1970s Allan MacEachen 1970s Ron Basford Donald Macdonald Don Jamieson Barney Danson Otto Lang Jean Chretien Allan McKinnon Flora MacDonald JacquesMarc Lalonde Flynn John Crosbie Gilles Lamontagne Mark MacGuigan Jean Chretien Allan MacEachen JeanJacques Blais Allan MacEachen Mark MacGuigan Marc Lalonde Robert Coates Jean Chretien Donald Johnston 1980s Erik Nielsen John Crosbie 1980s Perrin Beatty Joe Clark Ray Hnatyshyn Michael Wilson Bill McKnight Doug Lewis BONUS : Name these plays by Oscar Wilde, for 10 points each. You have 30 seconds. (A) THE PAGE OF HERODIAS: Look at the moon! How strange the moon seems! She is like a woman rising from a tomb. She is like a dead woman. You would fancy she was looking for dead things. THE YOUNG SYRIAN: She has a strange look.
    [Show full text]
  • A Rejection of the Need for Warrior Scholars?
    ViEwS and opiNions a rEjECTiON OF ThE NEED FOr WARRIOr SChOLARS? by Bernd horn DND photo IS2010-3031-25 by Corporal Shilo Adamson. ntuitively, virtually no one would argue that more edu- and conventional forces employed asymmetrically, all operat- cation is a bad thing. In fact, most would agree that, as ing within populated centres in a variety of culturally diverse a philosophical concept, the more education one has, environments, are just some of the challenges that have added the richer one is as a person.1 However, the moment complexity to conflict. In order to be effective in this environ- resources or cost enter the equation, the value of edu- ment, military professionals must be adaptive and agile in Ication to individuals often changes. Nowhere is this more both thought and action, as well as adept at critical thinking evident than in the military, where fiscal pressures inevitably and sound reasoning - all benefits of education. In short, mili- prompt ‘innovative ideas’ that often revolve around cutting taries require warrior scholars who are capable of operating in professional development, specifically, education. Moreover, the complex battlespace of today and tomorrow. these same pressures consistently elicit queries with regard to the value of education, specifically undergraduate and gradu- Warrior Scholar ate degrees, to the military. Questions such as, “Do all officers need degrees?” and “What is the military requirement for number of challenges generated in the 1990s forced the graduate degrees?” are frequently ‘floated’ as a precursor to A CF to examine its anti-intellectual culture and make nec- potential program cuts.
    [Show full text]
  • The Canadian Forces' Decorations
    The Canadian Forces’ Decoration Christopher McCreery Foreword by His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh CONTACT US To obtain more information contact the: Directorate of Honours and Recognition National Defence Headquarters 101 Colonel By Drive Ottawa, ON K1A 0K2 http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhr-ddhr/ 1-877-741-8332 DGM-10-04-00007 The Canadian Forces’ Decoration Christopher McCreery Foreword by His Royal Highness The DukeThe Canadian of Edinburgh Forces’ Decoration | i Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II wearing her uniform as Colonel- in-Chief of the Scots Guards during a ceremony of Trooping the Colour in London, United Kingdom. The Canadian Forces’ Decoration she received as a Princess in 1951 can be seen at the end of her group of medals The Canadian Forces’ Decoration Dedication ...............................................................................................iv Frontispiece ................................................................................................v Foreword H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, KG, KT, PC, OM, GBE, AC, QSO, GCL, CD, ADC ..............................vii Preface General Walter Natynczyk, CMM, MSC, CD .........................ix Author’s Note ................................................................................................x Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................xi Introduction .............................................................................................xiii Chapter One Early Long Service
    [Show full text]
  • Canadian Army Tactical Nuclear Warfare Doctrine in the 1950S: Force Development in the Pre-Professional Era
    DND 536-IMG005 An Honest John nuclear artillery round mounted on its mobile transporter/launcher. CaNadiaN arMy TacticaL Nuclear WarfarE Doctrine in ThE 1950s: Force Development in ThE PrE-PrOfessionaL Era by Peter Kasurak Introduction combat. The advent of nuclear weapons and their adoption by the Soviet Union, however, posed just such a challenge. he development of combat doctrine represents the highest level of corporate intellectual skills While sometimes regarded as the golden age of Canadian needed to manage an armed service. It requires military professionalism,1 the 1950s are more accurately seen the assessment of national goals and the deriva- as the beginning of a lengthy developmental phase for the tion of required military capability. That capabil- army. A colonial fragment, the army struggled to stand on its Tity must be shaped by intelligence of enemy means and inten- own two feet. Not only was it incomplete, but it had inherited tions, knowledge of present and future technology and an the culture of the British Army, whose concepts of leadership, appreciation of national priorities and resources to fund the staff doctrine, and organization were to contribute to its diffi- force. A force must then be designed and trained to implement the doctrinal choices made by the high command. The Canadian Army that emerged from the Second World War had Peter Kasurak received his PhD in diplomatic and military history from been reduced from 478,090 men and women to only 15,852 Duke University in 1976. The last two decades of a subsequent career in personnel. It had existed up to that point as a sort of branch the Canadian Public Service were spent at the Office of the Auditor operation of the British Army, dependent upon the head office General, where he headed groups responsible for National Defence and at Horse Guards for intelligence and doctrine.
    [Show full text]
  • The the 50Th Anniversary of the Canadian Armed Forces Logistics
    The The 50th Anniversary of the Canadian Armed Forces Logistics Branch “In the Shadows of the Limelight” The tales, anecdotes, salty dips and rumoured to be true stories from those who served Edition 1 January 18, 2019 Edited by LCol Mike Hendrigan, CD (Retired) Dedication n putting this collection of stories together, I often wondered if a dedication was required, and it was, how would I word it? I pondered the subject for way too long and as the weeks I turned into months, I thought about possible options and formats. In my research into what I thought would be an easy matter, I found the following information on dedications: A dedication could be addressed to a parent, a sibling or other family member, a friend a supervisor or even a mascot. Ok, this was a start. A dedication could be formal or informal, and provide a reason. There is no one way to write a dedication. Darn, back to square one. So with no right answer, no fixed format and no further ahead, I came up with a couple dedications that seemed appropriate. If you want to see what I came up with, keep reading. Otherwise, skip this part and flip a few pages forward to the first “Log Tale”. On my first attempt, I came up with this: This book is dedicated to the thousands of serving logisticians who will be celebrating the 50th Anniversary of the Canadian Armed Forces Logistics Branch on 1 February 2018. That seemed a little too vanilla and bland, so I came up with a second version: To all logisticians, past and present, who supported CAF operations, missions and exercises with honour.
    [Show full text]
  • Draw Me the Story of Jews in the Netherlands During the Holocaust
    High School Draw Me the Story of ... The Jews in the Netherlands During the Holocaust Montreal Holocaust Museum 5151, chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine Montréal (Québec) H3W 1M6 Canada Phone: 514-345-2605 Fax: 514-344-2651 Email: info@museeholocauste.ca museeholocauste.ca/en ISBN: 978-2-924632-74-1 (PDF); 978-2-924632-73-4 (print) Legal Deposit: Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, 2014, 2019. Content and Production Sabrina Moisan, Original Concept Cornélia Strickler, Head of Education Laurel Ovenden, Education Agent Robert Jardine, Adaptation of pedagogical tools for Saskatchewan, Social Studies Saskatchewan Mathieu Lapointe Deraiche, Research Johanne Duranceau, Revision of pedagogical materials Graphic Design Fabian Will, Kina Communication Special thanks to the curriculum committee of the MHM and to Annemiek Gringold of the Joods Historisch Museum, Amsterdam. Image and document sources Page 4: Wikimedia commons (Alphathon); page 5: Common Flickr; page 6, 7, 8: MHM; page 9: collection Canada a134390-v6; page 11a: Flickr common archives national des PB. 3117647353_ d05c10d429_o; page 11b: Flickr common 4119257563_0dd2cb7d26_o; page 12a: Flickr common 4120073704_eba04c61fc_o; page 12b: Flickr common 3118474906_57c43c3089_o; page 12c: Wiki- media commons; page 13a: Wikimedia commons; page 13b: Wikimedia commons; page 15:Collection Canada a152440; page 16 a, c, d, e, f: MHM; page 16b: Randall Bytwerk; page 17 a, b, d: MHM; page 17 c: Collection Canada a134377-v6; page 18-25: MHM; page 27: MHM Photographer Pierre St-Jacques; page 28-33: MHM; page 35-44: MHM; page 65 : MHM Photographer Vadim Daniel The contents of this guide may be reproduced and distributed for educational purposes only.
    [Show full text]
  • The History of Canadian Military Communications and Electronics
    9900 YYEEAARRSS AANNDD CCOOUUNNTTIINNGG THE HISTORY OF CANADIAN MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS Captain John A. MacKenzie Canadian Forces Communications and Electronics MUSEUM UPDATED: 25 September, 1995 THE HISTORY OF THE COMMUNICATIONS AND ELECTRONICS BRANCH CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 IN THE BEGINNING 1867 - 1913. Early communications requirements and activities, the Yukon Telegraph Service, the Canadian Engineers Signal Service and its development. CHAPTER 2 THE BIRTH OF THE CANADIAN SIGNALLING CORPS. Formation of the Canadian Signalling Corps and developments from 1903 to 1913, the lead up to World War One. CHAPTER 3 WORLD WAR ONE 1914 - 1918. The military communications events and important dates during the war. CHAPTER 4 BETWEEN THE WARS 1919 - 1939. Evolution of early military communications, the North West Territories and Yukon Radio System, the Forestry Service, Mapping and Charting, the birth of RCAF Signals and early RCN shore stations. Preparations for war. CHAPTER 5 WORLD WAR TWO 1939 - 1945. Canadian communications and important events during the war. CHAPTER 6 THE COLD WARRIORS 1946 - 1989. North Atlantic Treaty Organization participation, United Nations operations and Canadian communications development since World War Two, integration of the Canadian Forces, the new C & E Branch. CHAPTER 7 TOWARD A NEW WORLD (DIS)ORDER 1989 - . The collapse of the Warsaw Pact, Canadian military downsizing as part of the "Peace Dividend", peace keeping and peace making in a destabilized world. ANNEX A PEACEKEEPING MISSIONS Summary of United Nations and other related peace keeping missions. ANNEX B DIEPPE RAID PARTICIPANTS Summary of Signals participants in the raid of 19 August 1942. ANNEX C WORLD WAR II GROUND RADAR Early Developments.
    [Show full text]
  • Ministerial Error and the Political Process: Is There a Duty to Resign? Stuart James Whitley
    Ministerial Error and the Political Process: Is there a Duty to Resign? Stuart James Whitley, QC* In practice, it is seldom very hard to do one’s duty when one knows what it is. But it is sometimes exceedingly difficult to find this out. - Samuel Butler (1912) “First Principles” Note Books The honourable leader is engaged continuously in the searching of his (sic) duty. Because he is practicing the most powerful and most dangerous of the arts affecting, however humbly, the quality of life and the human search for meaning, he ought to have – if honourable, he has to have – an obsession with duty. What are his responsibilities? -Christopher Hodgkinson (1983) The Philosophy of Leadership Abstract: This article examines the nature of the duty to resign for error in the ministerial function. It examines the question of resignation as a democratic safeguard and a reflection of a sense of honour among those who govern. It concludes that there is a duty to resign for misleading Parliament, for serious personal misbehaviour, for a breach of collective responsibility, for serious mismanagement of the department for which they are responsible, and for violations of the rule of law. The obligation is owed generally to Parliament, and specifically to the Prime Minister, who has the constitutional authority in any event to dismiss a minister. The nature of the obligation is a constitutional convention, which can only be enforced by political action, though a breach of the rule of law is reviewable in the courts and may effectively disable a minister. There appears to be uneven historical support for the notion that ministerial responsibility includes the duty to resign for the errors of officials except in very narrow circumstances.
    [Show full text]