DOCSLIB.ORG

Stereo Pickups & Phono Cartridges: 1958

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Stereo Pickups & Phono Cartridges: 1958 Stereo Pickups & Phono cartridges: 1958 - today - stereophonic sound customer . Pickup Technology by some popular stereo Pickups & Cartridges 1958 - today Some well-known stereo Pick-up from 1958 to today " URLs OF popular cartridge & pickup fire " The influence OF A so-called ' Compensation Capacitor ' on frequency response OF mm of cartridges. " the influence of a compensation condenser on the frequency response of a mm pick-up. 1958 This is typical frequency response OF 1st generation Ceramics stereo Pickup Typical frequency response of one of the first ceramic(s) stereophonic sound customers: Fig. 2.1 file:///C|/HiFiStuff/CartridgeDatabase/PickupTechnology.htm (1 of 17)6/3/2005 11:12:39 AM Stereo Pickups & Phono cartridges: 1958 - today - stereophonic sound customer Ceramics Pickup cartridge by ELAC: BST 1 (1958) [ 2.2 ] Ceramic(s) pick-up . Fig. 2.2 refers tons of A Fig. 2.2 refers to the fundamental basic construction OF structure of a piezoelectric pick- piezoelectric pickup that up, as it was usually planned with which usually supplied crystal elements from with low turntables cost. Seignettesalz Most OF thesis pickups (Kaliumnatriumtartrat) for have seignette salt crystals inexpensive record players. To based on potassium the unfavorable influence of sodium tartrate. Regarding temperature and air humidity on the disadvantageous such a crystal connection ceramic influence OF temperature (s) offers against it by far more and humidity, more favorable characteristics. Fig. however, ceramics instead shows 2.1 the frequency OF that crystal compound response of a piezokeramischen does more offer much pick-up made of barium titanate more better properties. (asking IO 3 ). Fig. 2.1 shows the frequencies response OF A piezo ceramic pickup larva The piezoelectric pick-up family OF barium of titanates does not need usually the (asking IO ). Entzerrung necessary for 3 magnetic systems! Crystal or Piezo electric pickup family ceramic(s) pick-ups usually usually does emergency supplies in addition more output need equalization as voltage than magnetic (+30 necessary for magnetic railways... 40 railways in relation type! Generally, crystal or to mm of version), which delivers ceramics cartridges more only few millivolts with 1 kHz; MC deliver more outputs Fig. 2.2 types (Moving Coil) are volume-meets than Piezo electric stereo Pickup. appropriate with this frequency magnetic ones. The Simple example for construction [ 2.8 ]. usually still below millivolt. difference is +30 tons of 40 railways vs. mm of type that usually give out A few Fig. shows 2.2.1 a ceramic(s) milli volt only RK 1 kHz. stereophonic sound customer of Moving coil type typically RFT (Leipzig). Both the bearing DO less than 1 millivolt RK house and the coupling bar that frequencies. consist of hard rubber. The camp block of the clay/tone needle carrier is in the pick-up housing, Fig. 2.2.1 shows A ceramic which was however removed stereo pickup, as here. manufactured by RFT, Leipzig, Germany. The support block (blue) is larva OF hard more rubber, as wave as the coupling more lever (white). The support block OF more Fig. 2.2.1 decaying Ceramic Pickup by RFT, cantilever (stylus rod) has East Germany. Photo by the author. its position into the cartridge box which has been removed! file:///C|/HiFiStuff/CartridgeDatabase/PickupTechnology.htm (2 of 17)6/3/2005 11:12:39 AM Stereo Pickups & Phono cartridges: 1958 - today - stereophonic sound customer How ton plug in A How does one attach a Crystal or Ceramic crystal or a ceramic(s) pick- Pickup up? Unfortunately, decay audio Unfortunately modern audio amplifiers have NO special amplifiers does not have a inputs jack for A piezo eingangsbuchse for piezo electric pickup! This is A electrical pick-ups! This is in as very disadvantageous item much from disadvantage as the since the AUX input usually Aux entrance in this case usually does emergency guarantee does not best possible rendition best audio performance quality ensured. However one into this case. However, brought matching circuits out, reliable adapters circuits which are appropriate for the have been introduced for connection at the magnetic pick- using now the amplifier's up entrance! magnetic pickup inputs! Fig. 2.2.2 36 railways t reducer Fig. 2.2.2 reveals A 36 as well as an execution in form of railways t Attenuator as a simple L of member (27 wave as A simple l-type railways) reveal. Such adapters version (27 railways). Note absolutely need a shielded wave that search adapter housing! must have A shielded case! In the year 1958 specialists In 1958, Experts recommend the exchange of the recommend ton replace Fig. 2,2,2 Two adapters circuits for best setup. sapphire of piezoelectric pick-ups sapphire stylus OF piezo after about 50 operation hours. electric pickups after about On the other hand magnetic or 50 hours OF usage, while dynamic customers are usually magnetic or dynamic equipped with a long-lived pickups acres usually diamond needle. supplied with longlife dia. moon stylus. 1959 C. R. Bastiaans of makes A documentary report on different On the left of quoted author a child OF technical pickups for radio documentation provides magazine [ 2.9 ] bulletin of magazines [ 2.9 ]. The over different kinds of pick-ups for the radio funkschau of publishes A radio bulletin. The radio funkschau reprint from his detailed publishes a reproduction of its detailed contribution in German LANGUAGE contribution [ 2.10 ]. [ 2.10 ]. file:///C|/HiFiStuff/CartridgeDatabase/PickupTechnology.htm (3 of 17)6/3/2005 11:12:39 AM Stereo Pickups & Phono cartridges: 1958 - today - stereophonic sound customer This illustration, Fig. 2,3,1, represents A piezo electric This illustration, Fig. 2,3,1, system as manufactured by represents a piezo electrical wheel company. A signal system, which is produced by picked UP from the internal the company Garrard. From flank OF the groove, as the internal groove flank - reserved for left channel, this is reserved for the left causes movement tons channel - removed a signal direction as shown by the causes the movement shown unbroken arrow. Thus, the L by the not interrupted arrow. crystal slice wants imposed Thus L crystal with a lateral on laterally bending stress bending stress is subjected; which only CAN gene- and only this can cause an guesses/advises electric electrical tension at the volume-meets RK the crystal. crystal. Fig. 2.3.1 Fig. 2.3.2 shows improved popular construction with A Fig. a popular of far rhombus OF material developed construction with a compliant on for coupling flexible lozenge shows 2.3.2 DEVICES, as applied by as coupler from bendable British BSR, German DUAL, material. This system was and Dutch RONETTE of used by the companies BSR, companies. DUAL and Ronette (Holland). Fig. 2.3.2 This illustration, Fig. 2,3,3, is exploded view tons called The design given with Fig. ' Duplo Pickup ' for expired 2,3,3 is an explosion normal format (mono) as representation of a so-called wave as Micro in such a way Duplo of system for the on for stereo! Note that # A replaced normal mono and wants clamped for stereo the Micro Stereoformat. Point mode, while there wants A has firm wedging with motion ton pivot POINTS # Stereobetrieb, during 1, 3 and 1, # 3, and # 2. However, # 2 fulcrums is. With N 78 A wants laterally moved monodisk rendition (system when playing N 78 disks turned around 180°) is after A helped revolution OF however laterally moved A. this system. This refined This refined system was used pickup has been thus likewise at the applied by aforesaid aforementioned companies. companies. Fig. 2.3.3 file:///C|/HiFiStuff/CartridgeDatabase/PickupTechnology.htm (4 of 17)6/3/2005 11:12:39 AM Stereo Pickups & Phono cartridges: 1958 - today - stereophonic sound customer Philips's company prefers the so- called w-system, s. Fig. 2.3.4. The enclosed ends OF both crystal slices of acres linked with A flexible stripe. The broken arrow represents force direction by right channel groove flank which accordingly bends the corresponding crystal slice on the right. Position #1 indicates pivot ton this instance. The company Philips prefers sucked. W-system, Fig. 2.3.4. The eingefass ten ends of both kristallplaettchen is connected by a flexible strip. The interrupted arrow shows the force direction of the right channel signal, which effect affect the assigned crystal Fig. 2.3.4 . (right). Number 1: Fulcrum. The American Columbia The American Columbia favors company favours this ' winged this "winged construction", Fig. construction ', Fig. 2.3.5. The 2.3.5. The signal information of black arrow shows motion the left channel, whose direction OF left channel signal direction of motion is shown by which May only cause force RK the black arrow, causes an # 2. POINT #3 wants virtual application of force at point 2. bending pivot ton the axis Point 3 is the virtual fulcrum to defined by #1 and # 3. the 3 axle formed by the points 1 and. Fig. 2.3.5 Westrex, the USA, has Westrex, the USA, developed a developed A dynamic pickup as dynamic pick-up, whose principally shown by Fig. 2.3.6. principle representation is The moving coils acres fixed shown in Fig. 2,3,6. The moved RK the struts OF both A coils are both at the props of of compliant plastics bow, # 1, # a flexible plastic handle (1, 2) 2, and the stylus more and at those the needle rod cantilever, #3 # 4. Thus, this (see 3, 4) fastens. Thus this construction is to example for construction is an example of MC pickup. Mc a pick-up. Fig. 2.3.6 file:///C|/HiFiStuff/CartridgeDatabase/PickupTechnology.htm (5 of 17)6/3/2005 11:12:39 AM Stereo Pickups & Phono cartridges: 1958 - today - stereophonic sound customer Another refined dynamic pickup system presents Another thought out pick-up Danish Ortofon company.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Multichannel Sound Technology in Home and Broadcasting Applications
    Report ITU-R BS.2159-4 (05/2012) Multichannel sound technology in home and broadcasting applications BS Series Broadcasting service (sound) ii Rep. ITU-R BS.2159-4 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Reports (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REP/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management Note: This ITU-R Report was approved in English by the Study Group under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1.
    [Show full text]
  • See Cartridge Glossary
    32 Cartridge-making Dictionary Audio-Technica’s guide to cartridge-making terminology 33rpm Bonded diamond Channel Balance Connecting (the phono cartridge) very often denotes 12” LP Vinyl records Bonded diamond refers to a The channel balance of a cartridge is the (1949-Today), that should be played at stylus where the diamond tip is ability of the transducer to reproduce left a speed of 33 1/3 rpm, rpm stands for glued on a metal shank that is and right channels in the same manner. Rotation Per Minute. itself glued into the hole of the Channel balance should be part of the cantilever. This construction may cartridge specifications, it expresses the 45rpm increase the mass of the overall tip and possible output difference in dB from one 45rpm very often denotes 7” Vinyl records, affect transient reproduction compared channel to another. A cartridge with ideal (1949-Today) that should be played at a with nude styli that are preferred and used channel balance will playback any mono speed of 45rpm, rpm stands for Rotation on higher-priced models. signal with equal level in both channels. Per Minute. The channel balance will be 0dB. The ratio of the signals between the two channels To install a Phono cartridge, connect the 78rpm Boron (boron cantilever) is specified in dB. Channel imbalance four wires of the cartridge headshell to the 78rpm very often denotes 10” Shellac SP Boron is a chemical element from the can result in several factors independent correct terminals on the back of the Gramophone records (1925-1950) that metalloid family, extracted from Borax and from the cartridge itself: mechanical cartridge.
    [Show full text]
  • Film Essay for "This Is Cinerama"
    This Is Cinerama By Kyle Westphal “The pictures you are now going to see have no plot. They have no stars. This is not a stage play, nor is it a feature picture not a travelogue nor a symphonic concert or an opera—but it is a combination of all of them.” So intones Lowell Thomas before introduc- ing America to a ‘major event in the history of entertainment’ in the eponymous “This Is Cinerama.” Let’s be clear: this is a hyperbol- ic film, striving for the awe and majesty of a baseball game, a fireworks show, and the virgin birth all rolled into one, delivered with Cinerama gave audiences the feeling they were riding the roller coaster the insistent hectoring of a hypnotically ef- at Rockaway’s Playland. Courtesy Library of Congress Collection. fective multilevel marketing pitch. rama productions for a year or two. Retrofitting existing “This Is Cinerama” possesses more bluster than a politi- theaters with Cinerama equipment was an enormously cian on the stump, but the Cinerama system was a genu- expensive proposition—and the costs didn’t end with in- inely groundbreaking development in the history of motion stallation. With very high fixed labor costs (the Broadway picture exhibition. Developed by inventor Fred Waller from employed no less than seventeen union projectionists), an his earlier Vitarama, a multi-projector system used primari- unusually large portion of a Cinerama theater’s weekly ly for artillery training during World War II, Cinerama gross went back into the venue’s operating costs, leaving sought to scrap most of the uniform projection standards precious little for the producers.
    [Show full text]
  • An Anthology of Reprinted Articles on Stereophonic Techniques Copyright © 1986 Audio Engineering Society, Inc
    An anthology of reprinted articles on stereophonic techniques Copyright © 1986 Audio Engineering Society, Inc. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 86-070767. ISBN No. 0-937803-08-1. First printing, 1986 April (all rights reserved). Except for brief passages to be used in review or as citation of authority, no part of this book may be reproduced without prior permission from: Publications Office, Audio Engineering Society, Inc., 60 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10165. Stereophonic recording and playback dominate the that cover certain historical aspects of the subject. commercial media of records, tapes, and FM broad­ Included here is B. Hertz’s description of Ader’s historic casting, and it is to the credit of both our technology stereo transmissions from the stage of the Paris and our binaural hearing capabilities that a single pair Opera in 1881. Welch and Reed’s description of the of channels can produce auditory perspectives so Columbia Multiplex Grand phonograph is included, convincingly. since it was undoubtedly the first instrument which In the days before loudspeakers and amplifiers, could actually record stereo. Further historical papers headphones and carbon microphones were used to cover the work of Blumlein—truly the father of stereo— transmit stereo from the stage of the Paris Opera to and the many engineers at Bell Labs. listeners in an adjoining space. This was over 100 The second section of the anthology deals with years ago, and the dream of auditory perspective for analysis and experimentation in stereophonic phe­ the consumer was not to be fulfilled until Walt Dis­ nomena.
    [Show full text]
  • 1960 Catalog
    Shure-the Standard of Quality.. ."In Electronics Since 1925'" Shure Brothers, Inc. is providing for today's critical requirements and will meet the exacting demands of the future. The world of electronics is at the threshold of a new era, and Shure planning envisions dramatic new products and revolutionary applications which will meet the challenge and fulfill the promise of tomorrow. Since 1925 Shure Brothers, Inc., has made numerous significant contributions to the development of orig- inal acoustical-electronic products. In the future, as in the past, you can look to Shure for continued leadership in : Fine Studio and Public Address Microphones Precision Magnetic Recording Heads High Fidelity Phonograph Cartridges and Arms Original Equipment and Replacement Phonograph Cartridges "Industry-Standard" Communications Microphones Handsets and Special-Purpose Microphones CONTENTS Shure Brothers, Inc., is able to give you quality products because we continually strive to raise already critical standards to precision levels previously considered unattainable. Some of the more important factors governing Shure Page quality are: Carbon. .................16 *RESEARCH AND DEVELOPM ENT-A contin- Controlled Magnetic. .l3-14 uing research program is devoted to the objective Crystal.. .............11-12 of developing new products with performance and General Purpose. ......6-10 design standards of a high order. Special Purpose. ...l5,17 & 18 *ENGINEERING FACILITI ES-The most modern Studio .................4-5 anechoic chambers and laboratory equipment, much of it unavailable commercially, have been designed and built by our own engineering laboratory staff. "ADVANCED METHODS AND STANDARDS- Special control techniques and devices enable us to improve the precision quality of customized Stereo Broadcast Equalizer.
    [Show full text]
  • NTSC Specifications
    NTSC Modulation Standard ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ The Impressionistic Era of TV. It©s Never The Same Color! The first analog Color TV system realized which is backward compatible with the existing B & W signal. To combine a Chroma signal with the existing Luma(Y)signal a quadrature sub-carrier Chroma signal is used. On the Cartesian grid the x & y axes are defined with B−Y & R−Y respectively. When transmitted along with the Luma(Y) G−Y signal can be recovered from the B−Y & R−Y signals. Matrixing ━━━━━━━━━ Let: R = Red \ G = Green Each range from 0 to 1. B = Blue / Y = Matrixed B & W Luma sub-channel. U = Matrixed Blue Chroma sub-channel. U #2900FC 249.76° −U #D3FC00 69.76° V = Matrixed Red Chroma sub-channel. V #FF0056 339.76° −V #00FFA9 159.76° W = Matrixed Green Chroma sub-channel. W #1BFA00 113.52° −W #DF00FA 293.52° HSV HSV Enhanced channels: Hue Hue I = Matrixed Skin Chroma sub-channel. I #FC6600 24.29° −I #0096FC 204.29° Q = Matrixed Purple Chroma sub-channel. Q #8900FE 272.36° −Q #75FE00 92.36° We have: Y = 0.299 × R + 0.587 × G + 0.114 × B B − Y = −0.299 × R − 0.587 × G + 0.886 × B R − Y = 0.701 × R − 0.587 × G − 0.114 × B G − Y = −0.299 × R + 0.413 × G − 0.114 × B = −0.194208 × (B − Y) −0.509370 × (R − Y) (−0.1942078377, −0.5093696834) Encode: If: U[x] = 0.492111 × ( B − Y ) × 0° ┐ Quadrature (0.4921110411) V[y] = 0.877283 × ( R − Y ) × 90° ┘ Sub-Carrier (0.8772832199) Then: W = 1.424415 × ( G − Y ) @ 235.796° Chroma Vector = √ U² + V² Chroma Hue θ = aTan2(V,U) [Radians] If θ < 0 then add 2π.[360°] Decode: SyncDet U: B − Y = -┼- @ 0.000° ÷ 0.492111 V: R − Y = -┼- @ 90.000° ÷ 0.877283 W: G − Y = -┼- @ 235.796° ÷ 1.424415 (1.4244145537, 235.79647610°) or G − Y = −0.394642 × (B − Y) − 0.580622 × (R − Y) (−0.3946423068, −0.5806217020) These scaling factors are for the quadrature Chroma signal before the 0.492111 & 0.877283 unscaling factors are applied to the B−Y & R−Y axes respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • 1962 Phono Catalog
    iIGH FIDELITY rONE ARMS Shure FOR THE LATEST IN SHURE STEREO DYNETIC high-fidelity PHONO CARTRIDGES- stereo products SEE BACK COVER.. THE ALL-IMPORTANT SOURCE OF SOUND True high fidelity sourld re-creation, begrns at the source of sound. Just as SHURE PROFESSIONAL TONE ARM 1 Combines more important features than any other independent tone arm. 1 balance (without altering overall arm length), tracking force (0-8 grams), and overhang. Floats the needle over the record . smoothly-without "drag"- without "skipu-without unnecessary Cable-Plug Assembly (and ruinous) force. Furnished with cable Eliminates Soldering having plug on each end to simplify and speed up installation (eliminates soldering). 4TIONS: MODELS M232 - MDgfi PROFESSIONAL TONE ARM NET F 3E : TONE ARM M232, for 12" records. TONE ARM M236, for 16" reco-"- . .$31. Model A23H Extra Plug-In ED ACCESSORIES: Arm rest, M236-14%" long . .for Utmost Performance in superior high fidelity systems NEW -.JSTEREO- DYNETIC -PHONO CARTRIDGES featuring THE INCREDIBLY COMPLIANT N21D TUBULAR, DIAMOND S To meet the overwhelming demand for a separate stereo cartridge that will enable tracking at extremely low pressures (2-2% grams), Shure announces these worthy additions to the incomparable family of Stereo Dynetics. SPECIFICATIONS : D. C. Resistance: 280 ohms. Channel Separation: More than 20db Terminals: 4 terminals. Adaptable to at 1000 cps. 3 terminal arms. Frequency Response: 20 to 20,000 cps. MOUNTING: Standard W" and A'' centers. Output Voltage: 4 mv per channel at IOOOcps. STYLUS: .0007" diamond stylus, Load Impedance: 47,000 ohms' Model M7D Custom Stereo Dynetic cartridge Compliance: Vertical, Lateral 9.0 x 10-6 .
    [Show full text]
  • COMMUNICATIONS .S46 a ,Qf" U FORUM Sb
    00 HE7601 S@ COMMUNICATIONS .S46 a ,qF" U FORUM Sb HIGH-DEFINITION TELEVISION Robert Hopkins, Advanced Television Systems. Committee Kerns Powers, RCA Laboratories Craig Cuttner, Home Box Office Renville McMann, CBS December 5, 1985 Genga Arulampalam, Rapporteur MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Y1N MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS FORUM CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 02139 TELEX: 92-1473 MITCAM HIGH-DEFINITION TELEVISION Robert Hopkins, Advanced Television Systems. Committee Kerns Powers, RCA Laboratories Craig Cuttner, Home Box Office Renville McMann, CBS December 5, 1985 Genga Arulampalam, Rapporteur HIGH-DEFINITION TELEVISION Renville McMann - CBS McMann began by stating that the quality of High- Definition Television (HDTV) is determined by the quality of production, transmission, and display. He said that CBS had conducted some studies using high quality cinema film in an attempt to classify and aefine picture quality relating it to picture resolution and the number of lines. As at present, standard TV images had a resolution in the range of 525 lines. However, the Japanese have been working on the NHK system which has 1125 lines. He said that what they were looking for in HDTV was improved resolution, improved color, wide screen aspect ratio, and stereophonic sound. As for wide screen aspect ratio, the current specification of 4:3 has been used for some time and yields a good picture. However, for HDTV a wider screen of 5:3 was first discussed and it was then decided that 5.33:3 woulo better allow the transmission of normal wide aspect motion pictures with minimum distortion. In the area of color rendition he said that the interference between color and luminance information should be completely eliminated, and color sharpness should be improved.
    [Show full text]
  • SPU Classic SPU Gold Reference SPU 85 SPU 90Th Anniversary
    SPU Classic SPU Gold Reference SPU 85 SPU 90th Anniversary Content Why these four SPUs 5 Overview 6 Heritage and new technology: Ortofon’s continuous development since 1918 8 Ortofon timeline (1957– 2010) 12 Cartridge manufacturing: a culture of excellence in 5 steps 14 The Ortofon SPU – a fifty years product story 18 SPU Classic 22 SPU Gold Reference 24 SPU 85 26 SPU 90th Anniversary 28 The Ortofon exchange service for the SPU Collector Box and maintenance 30 SPU Classic technical data 32 SPU Gold Reference technical data 32 SPU 85 technical data 33 SPU 90th Anniversary technical data 33 Why these four SPUs Being the inventor of the world famous SPU stereo cartridge in 1958, Gold Reference is a genuine SPU, known for it’s beautiful fluid midrange, most music lovers, even today, find that there is no name like Ortofon but with just a taste of extra detail. which is more involved in the history of analogue reproduction. This year we decided to give our SPU fans around the world an opportunity to get The SPU 85, from 2003, was a limited production of 500 units. SPU a collection of the four most famous SPUs, each of them a very special 85’s unique characteristics included an outstanding housing made of collector’s item. These four SPUs were limited editions in their days Japanese Hida Beech wood, famous for its strength and hardness. In (except for SPU Classic). These four cartridges represent the diversity of order to influence sound from the motor system, a new wire concept for technical solutions and materials and reflect the non-stop technological the armature windings called “AUCURUM” was developed.
    [Show full text]
  • Sound Recording
    Sound Recording David Adamcyk Advanced Mixed Music Composition Microphones Types Dynamic: Operates via a diaphragm attached to a thin coil wrapped around a magnet. The magnetic flux of the coil moving in an electro-magnetic field creates a voltage. • Pros: high moisture tolerance; rugged, simple construction; can handle very high sound pressure levels (good for drums, trumpets, etc) • Cons: slower transient response, not very sensitive • examples: Shure SM57 and SM58 Condenser: Works on the principle of a capacitor: the diaphragm acts as one plate of a capacitor, and the vibrations produce changes in the distance between the plates. An electrical current (i.e. phantom power) is sent to the assembly, and as the diaphragm moves, the voltage of the current changes. • Pros: quicker frequency response than dynamic microphones, especially to high frequencies (lighter diaphragm); very sensitive; fast transient response • Cons: less rugged and more sensitive to temperature and humidity; operate using phantom power (or batteries) • Examples: AKG C-414, Neumann 184, Shure SM-81 Ribbon: Works on same principle as dynamic microphone, but the diaphragm is a thin aluminum ribbon. • Pros: although large, can pick up a lot of high frequency detail without sounding as harsh as condenser microphones; don’t require phantom power. • Cons: the most fragile of microphones • Examples: RCA 44 and the AEA R44 Microphones Directional Patterns (a.k.a. polar pattern or directionality) and Frequency Responses Note 1: Omnis generally have better low frequency response Note 2: Polar patterns are frequency dependant Note 3: The off-axis frequency response of directional mics varies significantly Source: Williams, Michael.
    [Show full text]
  • THE SORCERER's APPRENTICES: AUTHORSHIP and SOUND AESTHETICS in WALT DISNEY's FANTASIA by Daniel Fernandez a Thesis Submitted
    THE SORCERER’S APPRENTICES: AUTHORSHIP AND SOUND AESTHETICS IN WALT DISNEY’S FANTASIA by Daniel Fernandez A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Letters In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, FL May 2017 Copyright by Daniel Fernandez 2017 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my committee members for all of their guidance and support, especially to my advisor Anthony Guneratne for his helpful suggestions during the writing of this manuscript. I am also grateful to a number of archival collections, particularly those of Yale University for providing me with some of the primary sources used for this manuscript. Likewise, I would like to acknowledge Stephanie Flint for her contribution to the translation of German source material, as well as Richard P. Huemer, Didier Ghez, Jennifer Castrup, the Broward County Library, the University of Maryland, the Fales Library at New York University, and Zoran Sinobad of the Library of Congress, for the advice, material assistance, and historical information that helped shape this project. iv ABSTRACT Author: Daniel Fernandez Title: The Sorcerer’s Apprentices: Authorship and Sound Aesthetics in Walt Disney’s Fantasia Institution: Florida Atlantic University Thesis Advisor: Dr. Anthony Guneratne Degree: Masters of Arts in Communications Year: 2017 This thesis makes three claims new to the critical literature on Walt Disney’s 1940 film Fantasia. Setting the scene by placing a spotlight on the long-serving Philadelphia Orchestra conductor Leopold Stokowski, it contextualizes his pervasive influence, as well as contributions by others that shaped Fantasia and defined the film’s stylistic elements.
    [Show full text]
  • HARRY F. OLSON December 28, 1901-April 1, 1982
    NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES H A R R Y F . O LSON 1901—1982 A Biographical Memoir by CYRIL M. HARRIS Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 1989 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON D.C. HARRY F. OLSON December 28, 1901-April 1, 1982 BY CYRIL M. HARRIS ARRY F. OLSON, pioneer in acoustics and electronic H sound recording, died on April 1, 1982, at Princeton Medical Center at the age of eighty-one. He had been a mem- ber of the National Academy of Sciences since 1959. During his career of nearly forty years with RCA, Dr. Olson developed several types of microphones for broad- casting and recording, high-fidelity loudspeakers, phono- graph pickups and recording equipment, underwater sound equipment, and sound motion picture and public address systems; he contributed substantially to the development of the RCA magnetic tape recorder for television and the RCA music synthesizer. Harry F. Olson was born in Mt. Pleasant, Iowa, on Decem- ber 18, 1901, the first of two children. Both his father, a farmer, and mother, a talented amateur artist, were born in Sweden and had come to this country to seek new opportu- nity. Their son exhibited an interest in science and technology at an early age, which they encouraged by supplying him with a modest shop and laboratory. While still in grade school and with very little data on design, Harry built and flew model airplanes—an art then in its infancy.
    [Show full text]