Western New York Geology

Plate Tectonics

Alleganian Late Paleozoic Acadian Late Devonian Taconic Ordovician Greenville Late Precambrian

Finger Lake Geology 1 Continent Locations During Episodes of Earth’s History

A movie: http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/plate_reconstruction/platereconstruction.html

Paleogeography – Devonian Times

Finger Lake Geology 2 Cross Section Ohio through PA

Geologic Stratigraphic Section

Finger Lake Geology 3 Tectonic Reach

Marcellus and Shale Plays

http://www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/faculty/RWA/ Richard W. Allmendinger, Cornell

Finger Lake Geology 4 Marcellus Geology

Subsuface

Finger Lake Geology 5 Depth to Marcellus

Marcellus Economics

Finger Lake Geology 6 Gas Wells

Underground Salt Mine Geneseo, NY

Finger Lake Geology 7 Finger Lake Geology 8 Watkins Glen

Finger Lake Geology 9 Finger Lake Geology 10 Finger Lake Geology 11 Taughannock Falls

Finger Lake Geology 12 Finger Lake Geology 13 Finger Lake Geology 14 Lake Ontario, January Ice Fields LakesLakes

Owasco Lake

Origin? „ Hole „ Water

Seneca Lake

Finger Lake Geology 15 Lakes: Hole – 76 Mechanisms

„ Tectonic Processes „ Glacial Processes „ Others „ Volcanic (Caldera) „ Landslide (Dams) „ Solution (Karst Topography) „ Fluvial (Oxbow) „ Aeolian „ Shoreline „ Organic (Beavers) „ Anthropogenic (Reservoirs) „ Meteorite (Crater) „ Hanley Field Area

Tectonic Processes

Lake Baikal Caspian & Aral Seas Divergent Plate Boundaries

Convergent Plate Boundaries East African Rift Lakes Transform Boundaries?

Finger Lake Geology 16 Glacial Processes Ice Scour

Ice Age – Pleistocene 1.8 million to 10,000 years ago

„ Major Ice Sheets „ Canada, Scandinavia „ Extends Temperate Climatic Zone „ Last Retreat 15ka „ Continental Record „ 4 Major Advances „ Wisconsin – Würm „ Homo sapiens „ Late Wisc – Riss „ Illinoian – Mindel „ Kansan – Gunz „ Nebraskan - Danube

Finger Lake Geology 17 Last Ice Age

18 ka Maximum Ice Extent

Geneva, NY

Deglaciation

14 ka 12 ka

Finger Lake Geology 18 Deglaciation

9.5 ka 7 ka

Local Impact Finger Lakes

Finger Lake Geology 19 Seismic Profiles

Things to Consider

Finger Lake Geology 20 Glacial Ice & Meltwater Erosion

Deglaciation & Proglacial Lakes

Finger Lake Geology 21 Tara Curtin, Geoscience Sedimentology & Paleoclimatology

Western New York Salina Fm (Halite) and Other Evaporites 400 my ago South to North X-Section

Bedrock Geology Only Seneca Lake deep enough to intersect Salt Formation

Finger Lake Geology 22