The Singapore Summit
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Issue 28 | July 2018 www.rsis.edu.sg/research/cms/ Issue 28 | July 2018 Trump– Kim Summit: The Razzmatazz of Public Diplomacy Page 2-3 The ———————— RSIS-WTO Parlia- mentarian Workshop Singapore 2018 Page 4 ———————— RSIS Seminar Series Summit on Multilateralism Studies “Population Prospects and Profita- bility of Kuala Lumpur -Singapore High- Speed Rail” Page 5 Consultation on a Rules-Based ASEAN: Process of Forging Legal Instruments Page 5 ———————— Upcoming Event: Panel Discussion on “European Security Strategy at a Cross- road: A stronger Eu- rope in a fragile world?” and Launch of Book on “EU Security Strategies” Page 6 ———————— Selected Publications Page 6 Editorial Team Aédán Mordecai Amanda Huan Commemorative medallion for the 2018 North Korea–United States summit issued by the White House Communica- tions Agency. Page 1 Issue 28 | July 2018 FEATURED COMMENTARY Trump– Kim Summit: The Razzmatazz of Public Diplomacy By Alan Chong Trump and Kim shaking hands in the summit room during the DPRK–USA Singapore Summit , courtesy of Shealah Craighead / Wikimedia Commons/ Public Domain The Trump-Kim Summit of During the Cold War be- Making of the ‘Heroic’ and long running stories 12 June 2018 in Singapore tween the Soviet Union Leader? accompanying the summit is not to be remembered and the United States, was that of its scene- The Trump-Kim Summit on solely for its diplomatic both utilised commercial setting. Not unlike a movie 12 June 2018 in Singapore significance. Thanks to and state-produced films set, the arrival planes – witnessed the features of a today’s image-making cul- and technology exhibitions both Kim’s Air China flight new environment for diplo- ture and the cult of social to influence opinion within and Air Force One were matic summits as process- media, the summit was each other’s populations. classic Boeing 747s – and es that are more than just equally about making both Today, it may well be so- the hotel accommodation, formal meetings for heads leaders look heroic. cial media, cable and sat- right down to the dining of state or government. ellite television that are menus, all had to be Commentary Summits today have be- offering global platforms matched to convey a come circuses: just as PUBLIC DIPLOMACY is for governments to send sense of equality. This was much as they are venues that subset of political messages to target popu- equality of grandeur. for serious intergovern- communication between lations. But increasingly, mental communication, In Kim Jong-Un’s case, his governments where they the proliferation of social they are also platforms for title was not that of Presi- attempt to communicate media means that entities image-making, merrymak- dent of the Democratic directly with members of other than governments ing, jokes and mass ca- People’s Republic of Ko- the public in the target and the traditional media tharsis concerning the rea (DPRK), yet his very state. This may be carried can gain control of the dip- gravity of global insecurity. presence had to approxi- out with or without the per- lomatic narrative. Other With about 2,500 journal- mate precisely that. Chair- mission of the host govern- than social media publicity ists from all over the world man Kim Jong-Un of the ment, depending on ideol- by onlookers, the media and those based in Singa- DPRK’s State Affairs Com- ogy, political circumstanc- themselves ran updates on pore here to cover the mission was the effective es and the dominant forms their social media plat- summit, the publicity is leader of his country. In of media available at any forms in addition to their multiplied many fold. this regard, he was Presi- point in time. print and online coverage. One of the most gripping Continued on Page 3 Page 2 Issue 28 | July 2018 by prominent media corre- formed the Trump-Kim spondents like Christiane Summit into a sentimental The Trump-Kim Summit Amanpour of CNN who in- keepsake for the ordinary • This was the first meeting between a sitting US President and terviewed Singapore Prime citizen everywhere. This the Leader of the DPRK Minister Lee Hsien Loong, was personalised drama for added to the heightened everyone who wanted to • The Capella Hotel in Sentosa was chosen despite the Shangri- La hosting previous US Presidents, George W. Bush and attention. remember what it was like that day in history. Barack Obama. During the summit, Singa- • The summit cost the Singapore government 12million US$, pore became the most Pyongyang was not remiss with half of the expenses going towards security. searched term on Google. in this jazzy image-making. • Donald Trump had cancelled the summit in a formal letter less Also heard on a Singapore The forty-minute video on than a month before only to reinstate it one week later. radio station was the epiph- state TV in DPRK on Kim’s any by the DJ that a new journey to and from Singa- dawn in world peace was pore projected unprece- dent Donald Trump’s equal As events and participants breaking in the tiny island- dented diplomatic brilliance in terms of domestic politi- unfolded in parallel to the state, accompanied by and a celebratory mood. cal power and authority. official channels, the Kore- breath-taking popular The strategic, military and Trump was directly elected an diaspora and American songs of hope and harmo- political substance of the and his office was the Pres- citizens worldwide were not ny. summit appears unim- idency, as specified in the the only ones invested portant. American Constitution. emotionally in the summit. Foreign tourists, members There was little doubt about Trump’s already legendary of the Singaporean public, Still, the razzmatazz would that. outbursts on Twitter and his and food outlet owners have lost its glitter if not brusque exit from the G7 were equally regaled by the boosted by the “soft power” But the images for the summit in Canada the presence of renowned of comfort food and things DPRK’s propaganda needs weekend before shaped Trump imitator, Dennis that work. Many a journal- on their state-run television Twitter-sphere expectations Alan, and Kim imitator, ist expressed appreciation back home demanded even of more drama to come. Howard X. Both were spot- for the food, especially more. Chairman Kim had to Some of the hashtags com- ted on innumerable adver- those arriving after a long appear a world statesman pared Trump’s presence to tisements touting Singa- journey, and for the contin- at the signing table in the wrestling legend Hulk Ho- pore’s tourist attractions uous stream of coffee and Capella Hotel on Sentosa. gan, or Heavy Metal icon like the Merlion park and tea which energized them This explained the near- Def Leppard. promoting vending ma- when filing their reports. riotous jostling of both chine-retailed Chilli Crab sides’ security agents and Moreover, Dennis Rodman, No longer would 12 June meals. At popular Singapo- approved journalists, for the Kim Jong-Un’s basketball 2018 be about President rean mall, Bugis Junction, choicest photographic acolyte, called for a journey Trump and Chairman Kim both imitators conducted a spots near the table. of trust by both leaders, signing a declaration of light hearted pre-summit on wore a red cap emblazoned principles of agreement for This was of course aug- 9 June, ahead of the actual with ‘Make America Great bureaucrats to act upon; it mented by the early morn- meet. Again’ and shed tears be- was equally a memorable ing spectacle of the place- fore CNN coverage and Substance Does Not Mat- moment for the souvenir ment of US and DPRK social media. As if on cue, ter? hunter and the entertained. flags side by side signifying Rodman revealed he was It also did not seem to mat- the commencement of for- Finally, Trump’s production thanked by Trump’s White ter that some of this exhila- mal diplomatic contact be- team must surely take the House for supporting ration may be misplaced. ■ tween Washington and prize for producing the ulti- Trump’s brave gesture to- Pyongyang. The fact that mate ‘promotional video’, Alan Chong is Associate wards Pyongyang. All both Chairman Kim and themed ‘Two Leaders, One Professor in the Centre of round, #peace, #love, President Trump strode to Destiny’, contrasting imag- Multilateralism Studies, S. #HistoricalSummit, and the middle of the panel of es of nuclear missiles, star- Rajaratnam School of Inter- #Singapore were an- flags to shake hands vation, destitution and de- national Studies (RSIS), nounced on Rodman’s own spelled out a great deal of struction against construc- Nanyang Technological tweets. state-to-state equality be- tion cranes, beaches with University (NTU), Singa- tween the two nuclear pow- Even the fact that the State resort potential and two pore. This is part of a series ers. Such a picture was Department committed leaders walking into the on the Trump-Kim Summit truly worth a thousand a faux pas by initially plac- sunrise of history. held on 12 June 2018 in words. ing Singapore in Malaysia, Singapore. In several quick strokes, added to Singapore’s un- Social Media Summit for the images circulated fast precedented positive expo- All and scintillating through the sure worldwide. Coverage social media sphere trans- Page 3 Issue 28 | July 2018 RSIS-WTO Parliamentarian Workshop 2018 Participants at the RSIS-WTO Parliamentarian Workshop 2018. Pan Pacific Hotel, with Head of CMS, Professor Ralf Emmers as moderator The ninth edition of the larly in the previously trade Speaker Tan Chuan-Jin, of chance to ask pertinent RSIS-WTO Parliamentari- liberal Western econo- the Singaporean Parlia- questions at the same an Workshop was held mies.