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Appendix 3 Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment APPENDIX 3 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES EXISTING CONDITIONS AND PRELIMINARY IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT ST. DAVID’S ROAD RECONSTRUCTION MUNICIPAL CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CITIES OF ST. CATHARINES AND THOROLD REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF NIAGARA, ONTARIO Prepared for: R. V. Anderson Associates Ltd. 1 St. Paul Street, Suite 702 St. Catharines, ON L2R 7L2 ASI File: 18CH-089 March 2019 (Updated December 2020) CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT: BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPES EXISTING CONDITIONS AND PRELIMINARY IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT ST. DAVID’S ROAD RECONSTRUCTION MUNICIPAL CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CITIES OF ST. CATHARINES AND THOROLD REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF NIAGARA, ONTARIO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ASI was contracted by R. V. Anderson Associates Ltd. to conduct a Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment as part of the St. David’s Road Reconstruction in the Regional Municipality of Niagara. This project involves the proposed reconstruction of St. David’s Road/Townline Road West between Collier Road/Burleigh Hill Drive and Front Street North in the Cities of St. Catharines and Thorold, Regional Municipality of Niagara. The results of background historical research and a review of secondary source material revealed a study area with a residential land use history consisting primarily of residences constructed in the mid-1900s. A portion of the 2nd Welland Canal is also adjacent to the study area. A field review was conducted for the entire study area to confirm the location of previously identified cultural heritage resources and to document additional potential cultural heritage resources. Background research, data collection, and field review was conducted for the study area and it was determined that three potential cultural heritage resources are located within or adjacent to the study area. It is not anticipated that the proposed work will have a direct impact on any of the cultural heritage resources identified in this report. Based on the results of the assessment, the following recommendations have been developed in order to avoid impacts on these resources: 1. Construction activities and staging should be suitably planned and undertaken to avoid impacts to potential cultural heritage resources. 2. To ensure the properties at 92 Pine Street North and 95 Pine Street North are not adversely impacted during construction, baseline vibration monitoring should be undertaken during detailed design. Should this advance monitoring assessment conclude that the structures at 92 Pine Street North and 95 Pine Street North will be subject to vibrations, a vibration monitoring plan should be prepared and implemented as part of the detailed design phase of the project to lessen vibration impacts related to construction. 3. Should future work require an expansion of the study area then a qualified heritage consultant should be contacted in order to confirm the impacts of the proposed work on potential heritage resources. ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment St. David’s Road Reconstruction Cities of St. Catharines and Thorold, R.M. of Niagara, Ontario Page ii PROJECT PERSONNEL Senior Project Manager: Annie Veilleux, MA CAHP Senior Cultural Heritage Specialist | Manager Cultural Heritage Division Project Manager: James Neilson, MES CAHP Cultural Heritage Specialist | Project Manager, Cultural Heritage Division Project Coordinator: Sarah Jagelewski, Hon. BA Lead Archaeologist | Manager, Environmental Assessment Division Report Preparation: Kirstyn Allam, Hon. BA, Dip. Advanced Museum Studies Cultural Heritage Assistant, Cultural Heritage Division James Neilson Graphics Preparation: Jonas Fernandez, MSc Lead Archaeologist |Assistant Manager, Fleet and Geomatics Specialist - Operations Division Field Review: James Neilson Report Reviewer: Lindsay Graves, MA CAHP Senior Cultural Heritage Specialist/ Senior Project Manager, Cultural Heritage Division John Sleath, MA Associate Archaeologist | Project Manager, Cultural Heritage Division ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment St. David’s Road Reconstruction Cities of St. Catharines and Thorold, R.M. of Niagara, Ontario Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... i PROJECT PERSONNEL .................................................................................................................................... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................... iii 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1 2.0 BUILT HERITAGE RESOURCE AND CULTURAL HERITAGE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT CONTEXT ........ 2 2.1 Legislation and Policy Context ...................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Municipal Heritage Policies ........................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 City of St. Catharines Official Plan ......................................................................................... 6 2.2.2 City of Thorold Official Plan .................................................................................................. 9 2.3 Regional Heritage Policies ........................................................................................................... 13 2.4 Data Collection and Methodology .............................................................................................. 14 3.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT .............................................................................. 16 3.1 Background Historical Summary ................................................................................................. 17 3.1.1 Physiography ....................................................................................................................... 17 3.1.2 Indigenous Land Use and Settlement ................................................................................. 17 3.1.3 Historical Euro-Canadian Land Use: Township Survey and Settlement .............................. 21 3.1.4 Review of Historical Mapping ............................................................................................. 23 3.2 Existing Conditions ...................................................................................................................... 28 3.2.1 Review of Existing Heritage Inventories ............................................................................. 28 3.2.2 St. David’s Road Reconstruction Study Area– Field Review ............................................... 30 3.2.3 St. David’s Road Reconstruction – Known and Potential Cultural Heritage Resources ...... 31 4.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED UNDERTAKING AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES ............. 31 5.0 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................. 33 6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS...................................................................................................................... 34 7.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 35 8.0 IDENTIFIED CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE INVENTORY ............................................................. 41 9.0 CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE MAPPING ................................................................................... 43 10.0 PROPOSED WORK ........................................................................................................................... 44 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Location of the study area .............................................................................................................................. 1 Figure 2: The study area overlaid on the 1862 Tremaine’s Map ................................................................................. 25 Figure 3: The study area overlaid on the 1876 Illustrated Historical Atlas .................................................................. 26 Figure 4: The study area overlaid on the 1906 Niagara NTS map ............................................................................... 26 Figure 5: The study area overlaid on the 1938 Niagara NTS map ............................................................................... 27 Figure 6: The study area overlaid on the 1954 aerial photograph .............................................................................. 27 Figure 7: The study area overlaid on the 1973 St. Catharines NTS map ...................................................................... 28 Figure 8: Map of existing and potential cultural heritage resources with plate locations. ......................................... 43 Figure 9: Proposed road improvements (R.V. Anderson Associates Limited 2020, annotated by ASI 2020) .............. 44 Figure 10: Proposed road improvements (R.V. Anderson Associates Limited 2020, annotated by ASI 2020) ............ 45 ASI Cultural Heritage Resource Assessment St. David’s Road Reconstruction Cities of St. Catharines and Thorold, R.M. of Niagara, Ontario Page iv LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Nineteenth-century
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