No-Till Soybean F Ields Give (Even Some Rare) Birds a Foothold by Diana Yates Study
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Feb. 6, 2014 Vol. 33, No. 14 InsideFor Faculty and Staff, University of IIllinoisllinois at Urbana-Champaign • http://news.illinois.edu/ii No-till soybean f ields give (even some rare) birds a foothold By Diana Yates study. “I was surprised to Life Sciences Editor The team found more bird nests see all the different birds esearchers report in a and greater species diversity in that are using these agri- new study that several the no-till fields than in the tilled cultural fields – especially bird species – some of soybeans. Nest losses were high, during spring migration,” them relatively rare – however. About 80 percent of said Kelly VanBeek, a Rare making extensive use of soy- nests in the no-till fields and more wildlife biologist at the bean fields in Illinois. The team than 90 percent in tilled fields Wisconsin Department of found significantly more birds and failed as a result of predation or Natural Resources who a greater diversity of bird species the onset of farm operations be- conducted the study while nesting, roosting and feeding in fore eggs hatched or young birds a graduate student at the no-till soybean fields than in tilled were ready to fly. U. of I. “I was shocked fields. High mortality is fairly com- by the variety of sparrow photo by Kelly VanBeek The team spent about 13 weeks mon in bird nests, however, and species that we saw – Bird behavior Many species, each spring and summer in 2011 while the losses in no-till soybean white-crowned sparrows including ring-necked pheasants, vesper and 2012 scouring a total of 24 fields were greater than those seen and white-throated spar- sparrows and the upland sandpiper, fields (12 per year) in two counties in pristine grasslands, they were rows, for example.” pictured, were found nesting in greater in Central Illinois. The fields were not much worse, the researchers Some of the birds us- abundance in no-till than in tilled 18 to 20 hectares (44-49 acres) said. ing no-till fields are grass- soybean fields. The upland sandpiper is on average, and the researchers A paper describing the research land species that have a rare grassland species. photo by Mary Kay Rubey walked roughly 3,200 kilometers appears in the journal Agriculture, been in decline across (1,988 miles) in the course of the Ecosystems and Environment. the Midwest for decades, said abundance and diversity, said nat- ient, they’re very resourceful and Michael Ward, a professor of nat- ural resources and environmental they’re very flexible, and we can ural resources and environmental sciences professor and department take advantage of that.” sciences at Illinois and an author head Jeffrey Brawn, a co-author Of the nests that failed, 65.1 of the study. One species found of the study. percent were raided by predators nesting in a no-till soybean field, “Generally row crops are not and 24.4 percent were lost to farm the upland sandpiper, was an ex- good for wildlife,” Brawn said. machinery during crop planting. citing find. “They’re just not. But this paper Continuously recording cameras “The upland sandpiper is a shows that in situ agricultural pro- trained on nests showed that coy- state-endangered species. It’s do- duction – depending on how you otes were the primary predators of ing badly throughout its range,” do it – can have some benefits for the ground-level nests – another Ward said. “Historically, it proba- wildlife.” surprise. bly followed bison herds and liked The team also found other “This just shows that we do really short grass, but we don’t grassland species that are in de- have predators in these land- have that anymore. We found that cline – Eastern meadowlarks, scapes, which is a good thing,” it’s going to these no-till fields ring-necked pheasants and field VanBeek said. “Several decades where the herbaceous cover early sparrows – nesting in no-till fields. ago, we didn’t have coyotes here; in the year is not that thick – which “If you look at birds in general we had completely lost those is what it likes – and we actually or wildlife in general, the ones predator species that bring some photo by L. Brian Stauffer found a nest.” that did occupy grassland habitat ecological balance. We may not be Nesting preferences Natural resources and environmental The study adds to the evidence are the ones whose populations in a balanced situation yet, but at sciences professors Jeffrey Brawn, left, and Michael Ward conducted that agricultural practices can have tanked the most,” Brawn least they’re present.” a study of bird abundance and diversity on soybean fields in Central have a broad influence on bird said. “But birds are very resil- SEE NO-TILL FIELDS, PAGE 2 Illinois. Safety training credited for giving co-worker a second chance By Mike Helenthal power plant, where he knew an automated ex- Assistant Editor ternal defibrillator was kept. f the 24 hours that passed on Jan. 8, The sense of panic was evident among the one hour in particular plays over in co-workers in the trailer, and Hart said he didn’t an endless loop in the minds of Ja- know what to do but continue CPR until para- son Hart and Dashon Jones. medics arrived. OIt’s the hour where they were forced into Jones, a two-year employee and chief util- action to assist a U. of I. building service ity clerk, grabbed the AED and sprinted back worker who had collapsed from a heart attack across the icy lot. in the meeting room of a work trailer outside “When I got back to her I opened up the Abbott Power Plant. AED and turned it on right away,” he said. “We were working on something together The AED is computerized and gives users and I was walking back and forth between our a simple list of commands for use on a heart offices,” said Hart, a nine-year employee and attack victim. the utilities pipefitting foreman for Facilities “It tells you what to do and how to set it up,” and Services. “I remember seeing her sitting Jones said. “It worked like it was supposed to, there, taking a break, but I didn’t see anything but things were just going a thousand-miles-a- out of the ordinary.” minute in my mind.” “Then there was this loud banging noise,” At that point firefighters arrived to take over, said Hart. “We both heard it. I peeked around just as Jones was preparing to use the device on the corner to see if everything was all right.” the victim. photo by L. Brian Stauffer It wasn’t. The woman had collapsed and “My heart was racing,” he said. “She wasn’t Life savers U. of I. Facilities and Services employees Dashon Jones, left, was unresponsive. She wasn’t breathing and reacting and I think we all thought she was and Jason Hart sit in the meeting room of a work trailer outside Abbott Power already was starting to turn blue. dead.” Plant where a co-worker suffered a heart attack Jan. 8. Because of the quick After calling 911, they turned the woman “It was definitely a deer-in-the-headlights actions of the two men, the victim is recovering. The men say CPR and other onto her back, and Hart started administering feeling,” Hart said. safety training made them more confident to act. CPR while Jones sprinted across the lot to the SEE SAFETY, PAGE 5 Presenting solutions sustainable paper INDEX A new monograph presents Two professors are using A MINUTE WITH … ™ 11 research-based practices to indigenous fibers and help address and prevent agricultural waste to BRIEF NOTES 12 problem behaviors make enivronmentally DEATHS 4 in children. friendly paper products. FROM THE ARCHIVES 14 This Issue This PAGE 6 PAGE 8 ON THE JOB 3 In InsIde IllInoIs onlIne: news.illinois.edu/ii/ • To subscrIbe: go.illinois.edu/iisubscribe PAGE 2 InsideIllinois Feb. 6, 2014 SEC report: Budget procedures sound, challenges abound By Mike Helenthal tinue to impact the university negatively, he Sandretto said recent changes to the Assistant Editor said. state’s pension plans will substantially re- ON THE WEB report presented at the Feb. 3 Sandretto said the university’s pensions duce the unfunded amounts, but there is not http://senate.illinois.edu Senate Executive Committee are maintained by the State Universities enough information to know by how much. meeting says that while the uni- Retirement System, which also manages He said unlike corporate pension funds, are fully depreciated, and under accounting versity continues to face budget pensions for some of the other state uni- the state employee pension system is not rules, the university cannot record deprecia- challenges,A the methods it uses to prepare versities. Pension rules are complicated, insured. If the old plan had been kept, “a tion expenses for those buildings. annual financial statements are transparent controversial and substantially different for reasonable estimate is that SURS would Even after the adjustments to restricted and sound. governmental units than for corporations. have completely run out of cash in about 15 cash and to the surpluses, the university “My feeling is we’re about where we Under governmental accounting standards, years,” he said. “If the fund were allowed does have resources to provide a supple- should be – the process seems OK,” said SURS reports that the pension fund is un- to run out, employees who are still work- mental pension plan to cover the substan- Michael Sandretto, an accounting lecturer derfunded by about $20 billion (SURS pen- ing would receive absolutely nothing from tial reduction in pension benefits under the and the chair of the SEC Budget Commit- sion fund liabilities are $20 billion greater SURS — nothing from the state’s contri- state’s revised pension plan, he said.