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Home , Ah Ying, Derek Yee, Durian Durian, Jiang Wen, Keep Running (season 5), Kenneth Tsang

Index

0-9 political commentary, 436, 437, 444 100,000 Bad Jokes, 335 pro-democracy, 439 1951 United Nations treaty, 692 social media, 428. See also Activism, 1965 Immigration and Naturalization digital Act, 477, 479 youth, 440 1968 Czechoslovakia. See Prague Spring 1997 Handover, 691, 694 and image, 652, 653, 655, 656, 659, 2014 Umbrella Movement, 691 663 2046 (2004 flm), 111, 113, 115 refective of human nature, 653 20th Century Fox’s, 335 as transcending the self, 652 3D, 81, 82, 85 Actor–network theory (ANT), 172 “386 generation”, 541 Actualités sénégalaise (Senegalese News- 5D, 82 reels), 42 7D, 82 Advertising, 80, 111, 141, 205, 230, 542, 610 Advertising culture, 62 A and sanitization, 62 Abbas, Ackbar, 385, 439, 564, 571 Aesthetic of slow, 569, 570. See also Cin- space of disappearance, 564 ema of slowness Abenomics, 416 The Aesthetics of Hunger, 38. See also Abe, Shinzo, 416 The Aesthetics of Violence Above-the-line personnel, 26 The Aesthetics of Violence, 38 Academy Awards, 619, 623 Affective community, 497, 502 Accented cinema, 76 Affects, 491, 492, 498, 501, 502 “Achoo Cha Cha”, 573, 575 Affrmative, 621 Acland, Charles, 133, 135, 137, 144, Afghanistan, 690, 693–695, 700–702 146 Africa Acoustic persona, 381 as the ultimate Other, 41 Activism African Arts Festival, 43 digital, 438 Afrique sur Seine (1955), 42 fan, 438 Ahn, SooJeong, 27

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018 709 A. H. J. Magnan-Park et al. (eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Asian Cinema, https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95822-1 710 Index

Ahwaz, 489 Animation, 375, 385, 618, 619, 624 Ah Ying (Fong), 61, 65 Anime, 21, 614, 616, 617, 619, 620 Aiello, Danny, 354 Anna and the King, 472, 473 Aikawa, Sho, 284–286, 288 Another World We Are Making:Haen- Aikoku 愛国, 281 dang-dong People 2 (1999), 638 Aimless Bullet (Yu), 59 Antalya Golden Orange , 74 Akin, Fatih, 76 Anthology flm, 82. See also Omnibus Albertini, Bitto, 345 flm; Portmanteau flm; Transautho- Algeria, 44 rial cinema Algiers, 43–45 Anthropological gaze, 42 Algiers Charter. See “The Algiers Charter Anti-Communist containment, 24 on African Cinema” Antonio das Mortes (1969), 39 The Algiers Charter on African Cinema, Antonioni, Michelangelo, 32, 309, 45. See also Algiers Charter 313–324 Alibaba Group, 332 Appadurai, Arjun, 295, 411 , 109–111, 122 Appeal, 611, 615, 620, 622, 624 Alien series, 359 Applause Pictures, 28, 29 A-list festival, 192, 193, 199 Appropriation, 379, 428, 432, 441 Already Tomorrow in (2015), fan, 436 412, 420, 423, 424 Arabian Peninsula, 18 Alternative screenings, 222, 223, 227, Arabic cinema, 46 234 Arabic language, 20 Althusser, Louis Arcade games, 385 interpellation, 55 Armenflm (Hayflm), 77 Altman, Rick, 376 Armenia, 71–81, 83–85 AMC Entertainment, 333, 337 Kingdom of, 71, 78 American Committee for Armenian and Republic of, 71, 74, 80 Syrian Relief, 80 Arrow Films American Dream, 31 Arrowdrome, 204 American Dreams in (2013), 412 Arrow Video, 204, 205, 207 American flm, 612, 619, 621 Art for art’s sake, 30, 34, 48 American International’s, 346 Artistic second cinema, 39 American neocolonialism, 37 Art Theatre Guild (ATG), 226, 230, 231 American occupation, 540 ASEAN, 21 Amphetamine (Scud), 560, 564–566, Ashik-Kerib, 77 568 Asia Anatolian Central, 18, 21, 29 audiences, 156 defnition, 17 folk tales, 166 East, 17–22, 24–28 Anda, Armine, 74–76 ‘global’ Asia, 140 Anderson, Benedict, 16, 22 Inner, 18 Anderson, Paul, 334 New, 23 Andrew, Dudley, 689 new Asia, 131, 133, 135, 136, 139, , 112–114, 120, 335 140, 144 Angela Ying Mao, 378 South, 18–21, 29 , 339, 378 Southeast, 18–22, 24, 25, 29 Anglophone, 36, 46 Asia as method, 129, 294 Animal bodies, 385 Asia Foundation, 24–26 Animal incarnations, 385, 386 AsiaGraph, 130–132, 144, 145 Index 711

Asia House Film Festival, 196 Astruc, Alexandre, 34 “Asian(s)”, 451 Athletic body, 383 Asian cultural production, 132, 145 Atlas, 334, 339 Asian media arts, 136, 139 Attendance, 221–223, 225–228, 232, continentalists, 16–18, 21–25, 27, 28, 233, 235 30, 47 Audience(s), 221–230, 232, 236, 610, “flm(s)”, 454, 458, 462, 464 611, 613, 615, 617, 620–624 nationalists, 16 Audio-visual capitalism, 22 new Asian arts exhibitions, 133 Audition, 204–207 “others”, 454, 462 Auerbach, Erich, 54 regionalists, 16 Aufderheide, Patricia, 40 Asian cinema, 15, 21, 27, 245, 246, 428, Australasia, 78 432–434, 441, 444 Australia, 690–704 contemporary, 428, 433, 434, 440 Australian Pasco’s circus, 457 pan-, 428, 435 , 33–35, 41, 43, 427, 434, 436, transnational, 429, 443 441, 444, 534, 537, 540. See also Asian continent, 15, 16, 21–24 Authorship, Auteurism Asian extreme, 197 collective, 431, 432, 444 Asian Film Festival, 25, 27 multiple, 428, 429, 433 formerly the Southeast Asian Film pan-Asian, 432 Festival, 25 Auteurism, 428, 432, 434, 436, 441, renamed the Asia-Pacifc Film Festival, 442, 563 25 Auteur’s cinema, 33 Asian fnancial crisis, 612 Authenticity, 381, 384, 385 Asianization of global culture, 22 Author Asian male , 484 author’s rights, 30, 35, 36 Asian men, racialized representations, as single creative genius, 35 470 moral rights, 36 Asian modernity. See Modernity Authorship, 204, 206–209, 429, 431– Asian Project Market, 75 434, 436, 440, 444, 445, 529, 530, Asian roots, 376 533, 548, 552. See also Auteur Asian stereotypes, 472 Autocratic rule, 48 Asian values, 412 Autor, 36 Asian women, 689, 690 German equivalent of the French Asia-Pacifc Film Festival, 25, 26, 192. auteur, 35 See also South East Asian Film Festi- Autorenflm, 35 val, The Axis nations, 31 formerly the Asian Film Festival, 25 Azerbaijan, 72, 73, 76, 77 as producers’ festival, 26 Asia-Pol, 345 Asiatic, 80 B cinema, 151 Babur, 18 roots of Turkish cinema, 158 Bad Robot Productions, 339 Asiatic races, 21 BAFTA, 623 Asia Union Film, 339 Bahramitash, Roksana, 505 The Asphalt Jungle (1950), 36 Baidu Group, 332 The Assassin, 387 Bai du ren. See See You Tomorrow (2016 Assimilation, 380, 387 flm) Astaire, Fred, 380 Bail, Charles, 346 712 Index

Bai mao nü (The White-Haired Girl), Battle Front for the Liberation of :- 551 Summer in Sanrizuka, The (1968), Bai Ruoyun, 296, 301, 302 633 Bait 3D, 334, 357 The Battle of Chile Parts I, II, and III Bakhtin, Mikhail, 54, 55 (1975, 1976, and 1979), 38 heteroglossia, 55 Battle Royale, 205, 206 “socio-ideological” dialects, 55 Battleship Potemkin, 35 Bakla, 584. See also kathoey; waria Battles without Honor and Humanity cross-dressing, 584–586, 589, 596, (Fukusaku), 61 597, 599, 600, 602 Bazin, André, 269 effeminacy, 584–586, 589, 591, 595, and Catholicism, 60 596, 599, 600 BBC, 613, 620 gay man, transgender woman, 584, Beauty 585, 588, 593, 598, 600–602 biopolitics, 543 gender transitivity, gender intransitiv- economy(meinü jingji), 549 ity, 584, 585, 600, 601 labors, 542 homosexuality, 584, 585, 601 worker, 551 interiorized femininity, 586, 600 , 631, 642, 643, 645 LGBT social movements in the Philip- Beijing Film Festival, 193 pines, 599 Beijing Olympics. See Olympic Games Bakla, 584. See also kathoey; waria Below-the-line personnel, 26 cross-dressing, 584–586, 589, 596, Benin, 41 597, 599, 600, 602 Benjamin, Walter, 652, 663 effeminacy, 584–586, 589, 591, 595, benshengren (native Taiwanese), 393, 596, 599, 600 394, 398, 399 gay man, transgender woman, 584, benshi, 249 585, 588, 593, 598, 600–602 Berlinale, 192, 194, 199 gender transitivity, gender intransitiv- Berlin International Film Festival, 27 ity, 584, 585, 600, 601 Berne Convention, 35 homosexuality, 584, 585, 601 Berry, Chris, 632–636, 646 interiorized femininity, 586, 600 Bertolt, Brecht LGBT social movements in the Philip- alienation effect, 436 pines, 599 Bertolucci, Bernardo, 32, 339 Bal (Semih Kaplanoglu, 2010), 162, 164 Betrayal, 396, 398, 400 Bamboo United Gang, The, 394 , 61, 470, 471 Bangladesh, 25 B-flms, 197 Bangpian, 345 Bhagat, Chetan, 412 , 20 bias, 415, 459, 463 Barrier Bicycle Thieves (De Sica), 60 cultural, 28 The Big Boss, 348 language, 28 The Big Brawl, 348, 350, 351, 354, 356 market, 28 Big Three, 27, 34, 43 Barthes, Roland, 68, 539 “big timer” flms, 60 punctum, 539 Birri, Fernando, 38 bassiji, 494, 495, 497–499, 502 Bitters End, 618 bassij-e mostazafan (sazman-e bassije Black Caesar (Cohen), 60 mostazafan), 494 The Black Falcon, 345 Batjack Productions, 344 Black Orpheus (1959), 35 Blade Runner, 346, 347 Index 713

Blaxploitation, 60 Buñuel, Luis and Dalí, Salvador Blockbusters, 610, 611, 613, 614, 619, Un Chien Andalou, 537 621 Burkina Faso, 46 Bloodsport, 378 Burning of the Red Lotus Monastery, 377 Blow Up, 32, 322, 323 Busan Film Festival, 192. See also Pusan Blue Star, 336 Film Festival Blum, Robert, 25 Busan International Film Festival (BIFF), Blu-Ray, 201, 202, 204, 205, 207, 26, 27, 182 211–213 and Asian Cinema Fund, 182 B-Movies, 378 and Asian Network of Documentary Body care, 542, 543 (AND), 182 , 295, 300, 469, 475–477 and Asian Project Market, 182 Bond, James, 307, 312 as the Cannes of Asia, 27 Bond system, 156 formerly the Pusan International Film Borneo, 24 Festival, 26 Borzage, Frank, 344 Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid Boss Tweed, 60 (1969), 35 Botz-Bornstein, Thorsten, 442 Butler, Judith, 532, 552, 553 kawaii consumerism, 442 Gender Trouble; Feminism and the Bourdieu, Jean, 34 Subversion of Identity, 529 Box offce, 24, 28–33, 45, 612, 614– Byun Young-joo, 635 616, 622, 623 domestic, 30, 31 overseas, 31 C Brazil, 39 Cahiers du cinéma, 33, 35 Brennan, Bernadette, 694 Cairo International Film Festival, 79 Brick Mansions, 334, 357 Calendar, 75 , 392, 394, 396, Callahan, William, 414 399 Call Him Mr. Shatter, 346 Britain, 31, 377 Cambodia, 22, 24 British government of Hong Kong, 26 Camera Japan, 191, 195, 196 British Industrial Revolution, 23 camera-shot, 7 British neocolonialism, 37 Caméra-stylo, 34 Brooks, Peter, 492, 503 Camus, Marcel, 35 Bruce Lee, 29, 35, 348, 349, 351, 356, Canada, 28, 30, 76 378–382, 384, 387, 480, 482, 483 Candyman (Rose), 64 Bruno, Giuliana, 689 Cannes, 192, 194, 199 Bucheon Fantastic Film Festival, 192. See , 27 also Puchon Fantastic Film Festival Cannonball Run, 351–354 Buddha’s Palm, 288, 380 Cannonball Run II, 353 Buddhism, 622 , 341, 342, 352, 353 Mahayana, 19 Capcom’s, 334 Theravada, 19 Capital controls, 333, 360 Vajrayana, 19 Capital, four forms of Bugs Bunny, 379 cultural, 34 Bulletproof Monk, 378 economic, 34 Bumming in Beijing: The Last Dreamers social, 34 (1990), 634 symbolic, 34 Bunny Drop (2011), 412, 416, 418, 420 Capitalism, 22 714 Index

audio-visual, 22 To Liv(e) (1992), 693, 698 print, 22 Chan, Fruit, 62, 65 Capitalistic, 23, 24, 45 Chang Chao-An, 348 Capra, Frank, 59 Chang Cheh, 346 Carmike Cinemas, 333 Changchun Film, 329 Caro, Niki, 451, 459, 461, 464 Chang, Grace, 573, 575, 576 Carreras, Michael, 346 Chang-hwa Jeong, 377 Cartoonish exaggerations, 384 Chan, Jackie, 29 Casanova, Pascale Chan, Peter, 412–414 “world literary space”, 57 Chan, Peter Ho Sun, 28 “world republic of letters”, 66 Chao Chih-Hap, 348 “world system of literature”, 56 Chao, Deng, 414 Castro, Fidel, 38, 39 Chaozhounese, 341 Catastrophe, 668–671, 673–678, 680, Chaplin, Charlie, 380 681, 684 Charlie’s Angels, 378 Category III exploitation flms, 62, 63, Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle, 378 65 The Cheat (Cecil B. DeMille, 1915), 252 Cathay, 329, 342, 347 Cheh Chang, 377 Cathay/MP & GI, 63, 65 Chen, Eason, 112–114, 116 Cathay Organisation, 330, 342, 347 Cheng Chang-Ho, 348 Catholicism, 19 Chen, Kuan-Hsing, 129 Caucasus, 72, 73, 75, 77, 79, 80 Asia as Method, 129 Ceddo (1977), 42 Chen Kuan-Hsing, 294, 704 Cen, Junyi, 335 Cheung, Jamie, 423 Censorship, 26, 29, 308, 309, 323, 324, Cheung, King-Kok, 410, 415, 416 614, 620, 624, 625 Cheung, Maggie, 415 Chinese, 26, 29 Cheung, Ruby, 116–118 of flms, 153, 154, 157–159, 162, Cheung-Yan Yuen, 380 163, 165 Chiang, David, 346 liberal, 47 Chiang Kai-shek, 393 neutral ambience, 26 Chile, 38 Central Asia, 18, 21, 29, 73, 78–80 China, 18–26, 28–30, 47, 246, 247, Central Otago, 454–456, 458 254, 255, 264, 265, 529–531, 546, Centre d’Études des Sciences et Tech- 549, 552, 553, 609, 611, 613, 614, niques de l’Information (Center of 616, 618–625, 632, 643–647 Studies in Information Sciences and communist, 551 Techniques), 42 People’s Republic of China (PRC), C’était il y a quatre ans (It was Four 690 Years Ago, 1954), 42 postsocialist, 549 Ceylan, Nuri Bilge, 76, 152, 163, 164, China Banking Regulatory Commission 166 (CBRC), 333 chaiqian (demolition and relocation), China Doll, 344 643–645 China Dream, The, 414 Chairman, The, 307–312, 323 China Film Co-Production Corporation Cham, Mbye B., 44 (CFCC), 339 Chanan, Michael, 37–39 “China forever” flm, 343, 344, 360 Chan, Benny, 356 China Movie Channel, 340 Chan, Charlie, 472 Chinese Chan, Evans diaspora, 458, 459, 464 Index 715

gold miners, 452, 454, 455, 457, 462 frst, 39, 40 migrant(s), 452, 453 as global system, 53, 54 migration, 453 as guerrilla warfare, 40 “others”, 454 as ideological weapon of emancipation, Chinese box-offce 39 flm, 332, 336 as language, 55 markets, 332 of liberation, 40 Chinese censorship, 29 as medium of communication, 40 , 19, 20 modernist, 434 Chinese cinema, 116–118 national, 15, 30, 31, 35, 44 The Chinese Connection (精武門, Jing Wu new wave, 436 Men, Fist of Fury, 1972), 35, 378 second, 39, 40 , 377, 391 as the seventh art, 30, 34, 48 (CCP), 29, as the seventh art for enlightenment’s 298, 301, 304 sake, 48 Chinese diaspora, 329, 341, 344, 349 as structure, 55 Chinese Film Industry, 332, 341, 347 as system, 55 Chinese gangs, 392, 395, 400–406 third, 38–40, 45 , 20 Cinéma d’auteur, 37 Chineseness, 377 Cinema engagé, 44 Chinese Visual Festival, 194 Cinema of slowness, 569, 570, 572 Ching, Leo, 17 Cinema theatre Chitylová, Vera alternative cinema, 223, 235, 236 Sedmikrásky (Daisies), 547 flm theatre, 222–224, 226, 228, 231, Choi, Siwon, 336 236 Cho, John, 478, 479 pop-up cinema, 222, 223, 227 Choreography, 377, 378, 383 Cinematic image, 611 Chou, Zero, 579 Cinematic spectator, types of Chow, Stephen, 62, 65, 380, 383, 384 frst cinema’s passive consumer, 40 Chow Yun-Fat, 469–471, 474, 475, 477, second cinema’s contemplative thinker, 484 40 Christianity, 19, 72, 78 third cinema’s socialist revolutionary Chua, Beng Huat, 93. See also Soft power agent of change, 40 Chuan Lu, 381 Cinephiles, 428, 429, 431–436, 438, (1994 flm), 111, 440, 442–444. See also Fans; 113, 115 Fandom Chung Kuo:Cina [Chung Kuo:China], Cinephilia 309, 313–315, 317–322 fandom as cinephilia, 651, 660, 661 CIA, 25, 37 in Om Shanti Om, 654 CIA-assisted coup d’état (1953), 490 as the pleasure of happy endings, 654 Cimino, Michael, 60 and time-consciousness, 652, 653, 661 Cinema Citationality, 380 art, 433. See also Cinema, modernist, Citroën, 43 European art, new wave City on Fire (Lam), 61 Asian, 15, 21, 27 Civilizational bias, 20, 21 as cultural weapon, 31, 37 Cixous, Hélène, 532 -American, 32, 37, 41 Clash, 377 European art, 15, 30, 32, 35, 434, Class 436 class contradictions, 54 716 Index

class dialects, 55 Confucianism, 19, 21, 299, 507–512, class discourses, 54, 56, 68 514, 515, 517, 518, 524, 525, 529, class hierarchies, 54 532, 533, 548, 549 Class consciousness, 55 cultural, 530 Classic narrative, 380 New, 531 Cleopatra Jones, 346 religious, 530 Cleopatra Jones and the Casino of Gold, Confucianist, 509, 512, 513, 517, 521, 346 524, 525 Closer Economic Partnership Agreement , 59 (CEPA), 29, 30 Conley, Tom, 689 CEPA III, 29 Connery, Sean, 345, 346, 352 Cloud-Capped Star, The (Ghatak), 59 Conservative, 508, 512, 514, 515, 517, Clouse, Robert, 348, 349 523 Code Unknown (Haneke), 64 Constance Wu, 359 cogito, ergo sum, 40 Consumerist lifestyle, 62 Cohen, Larry, 60 Consumption, 204, 210, 211 Cold War, 21, 23–26, 53, 192, 307–316, Contemporary, 23, 45, 55, 62, 64, 323, 324, 329, 330, 689, 692, 695 72–75, 81, 82, 90, 91, 93, 101, Collaboration, 131, 134, 377 110, 112–114, 116, 119, 120, 132, collages, 78, 435 134, 137, 138, 140, 141, 143, 171, Collective strategic engagement, 30 180, 197, 202, 209, 222, 223, 226, Collision, 376 228, 229, 231, 234, 236, 269, 300, Colonization, 378 301, 303, 304, 309, 313, 316, 320, Color of Pomegranates, The, 77, 78, 84 330, 386, 399, 414, 416, 424, 425, Columbia Pictures, 337, 339, 375, 383 428, 430, 434, 440, 452, 475, 479, Come Drink with Me, 377 481, 507, 510, 512, 521, 523–525, Comedy, 376, 380, 381, 384, 385 530, 531, 535, 536, 542, 543, 546, Comic subversion, 380 552, 578, 584, 585, 588, 597, 599, Commercial cinema, 30, 36, 37, 46 600, 613, 635–637, 644, 645, 647, Commercial frst cinema, 39 652 Commercial venture, 28 Contemporary China, 332 Committee for Free Asia, 25 Contempt (Le Mépris, 1963), 32 Committee on People’s Cinema, 44 Content Promotion Law, 617 Commodifcation Continental cinemas. See Continental capitalism, 651, 663 flm movement self-commodifcation, 651, 659 The Continent (2014), 414 Communitarian perspective, 3, 646 Continental consciousness, 15, 16, 23, Competition, 612, 613, 618, 620, 623 28 Complex stories, 615 Continental flm festival, 16 Computer-generated effects, 376, 383, Continental flm movement 386 European art cinema, 15 Comerades: Almost a Love Story (1997), New Latin American Cinema, 37–40, 414 45 Conditions of possibility, 58 Pan-African cinema, 15, 41–44, 46, 47 Confucian, 507–514, 517, 518, 522, Continentalism, 82 523, 525 Continuous soundtrack, 35 Confucian ideology, 377 The Contract, 349 Contractual agreement, 37 Controversies, 622 Index 717

Convention, 376, 379 Culturally odorless, 619 Conventional binaries, 383 , 29, 307–309, Cool Japan, 617, 618, 620 313–315, 318, 320, 322–324, 330, “Cool” masculinities, 540 551, 643 Co-optation, 383 Cultural weapon, 31, 37 Coppola, Francis Ford, 60 Culture, 19, 21, 28, 41, 609–611, Coproduction, 24, 26–30, 32, 76, 616–618, 620, 621, 623 83–85, 111, 121, 122, 191, 193, and life practices, 645, 647 199, 221, 224, 246, 332, 338, 340, local and localised forms of, 635, 637, 344, 345, 347–349, 356, 359, 618, 644, 645, 647 620, 621, 623 national, 21 Copyright, 35–37 reactionary, 45 joint, 36 vernacular forms of, 632, 645, 646 loophole, 29 Culture industry most favourable loophole for Hong Asian cultural industries, 131–133, Kong, 29 146 Core nations, 624 Japanese cultural industries, 132, 133, Core vs periphery, 67, 69 144, 145 Corruption, 293, 294, 296–299, Cunningham, Douglas 301–304 writerly spectator, 431 Cosmopolitanism Curation citizen, 696 arts curation, 135, 139 Counter-public, 177 curatorial practice, 131, 132, 137, 139 Country rating poll, 613 curators, 130–144 Coupe, Eliza, 422 Curtin, Michael, 90, 93–95, 100, 101. Crazy New Year’s Eve, 336 See also Media capital Creative linguistic diplomacy, 26 Cusack, John, 387 “creative nation”, 331, 339, 340 Cut, The, 76 Creativity, 332, 360 Cyber kung fu, 385 Credibility, 616, 617, 620 Creolization, 67 Cross-cultural references, 381 D Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, 339, Dafoe, Willem, 339, 357 378, 381, 472, 474 Daiei Film, 345 Crows and Sparrows (Zheng), 58, 59 Daiei Studio, 25 Cuban Institute of Film Art and Industry Dakar, 42, 43 (ICAIC), 37, 38 Wanda Group, 331 Cuban Revolution, 38, 39 Dallow, Alice, 431, 437 Cucaracha, 85 Things Wong Kar Wai Taught Me Cui Zi’en, 579 About Love, 429, 430, 444 Cultural barriers, 380 Dance musicals, 380 Cultural convergence, 19 Dandrea, Ron, 354 Cultural domination, 45 Dark Continent Cultural elites, 377 Africa as, 41 Cultural hybridity, 453, 457 Davis, Darrell Williams, 28 Cultural idealism, 28 Davis, Sammy, 351 Cultural identity, 41 Dawkins, Roger, 695, 705 Culture Industry Promotion Law, 625 Da Zhonghua (Great China), 255, 256, Cultural legitimacy, 386 265 718 Index

Dead or Alive, 269, 281, 282, 287 label, 204 Dead or Alive: Final, 270 Distributors, 612, 619 Dead or Alive 2: Tobosha, 270 Diversifcation, 621 Dean, Martin, 351 Diversity, 18, 47 Death-driven masculinity, 502 Dmytryk, Edward, 325 Decolonize the African mind, 41 DMZ International Documentary Film De Forest Phonoflm Company, 250 Festival, the, 183 Delamarre, Camille, 334 Dobkin, David, 356 Del Toro, Guillermo, 334 Documentary DeMille, Cecil B., 251, 252 activist mode of, 634 Democracy, 24, 40, 45, 619, 623, 691 in China, 634, 647 Deng Xiaoping, 340 Grierson school of, 640 De Palma, Brian, 60 in Japan, 633, 646 Departures (2008), 412, 416, 417 as a participatory medium, 645 Dependency, 44 and Silk Road, the, 175 colonial, 39 and socially engaged mode, 177, 181 new, 39 socially-engaged mode of, 632, 634, perpetual, 38 635, 640 , 392, 404 in South , 632, 635, 641, 642, Descartes, 40 646 De Sica, Vittorio, 59 tradition of the victim in, 640 Design, 22 Dolphy De Valck, Marijke, 34 early career, 585 Development Facifca Falayfay, 589–591 social phenomena of, 57 Jack & Jill, 585, 586, 588, 591 Diachrony, 55 Markova: Comfort Gay, 592, 593, 598 Dialectical criticism, 55, 66, 68 Mga anak ni Facifca Falayfay, 591 Diaspora, 73, 75, 76, 78, 84, 689, 697, Domestic popularity, 28 701, 702 Domestic production, 612, 620 Asian, 690 Dominant identity formation, 548 culture, 131, 137, 140, 144 Diasporic space, 493, 501 culture practice, 136, 137 Diawara, Manthia, 44, 46 geography, 136 Diaz, Lav, 194 Dong Chengpeng, 336 Dick Clark Productions, 333 Dovey, Lindiwe, 47 Didacticism, 59 Dragon, 376, 378, 381, 385, 386 Diegesis, 381, 382 Dragonball: Evolution, 478 Digital, as meta-medium, 135 Dragon Blade, 387 Digital imaginary, 384 Dream Home (Pang), 63, 64 Digitalized bodies, 376 DreamWork, 334, 376 Digital technologies, 134, 135, 138, 145 Drive Angry, 334, 350 Digital video, 644 Dry Summer (Metin Erksan, 1963), 159, Dimensions Film, 355 164 Ding Cheng, 336 Dual motives, 382 Diplomacy, 610, 611, 617, 618, 620 Duara, Prasenjit, 17, 175 Discourse, 204, 207 Dubbing, 154, 157 Distribution, 201–205, 207, 208, 210– DuBois, W.E.B. 213, 221, 224, 225, 235, 428, 431, “double consciousness”, 697 432, 436. See also Film distribution Duncan Jones, 334 Index 719

Durian Durian (Chan), 62 Australian, 20 Dutton, Michael, 144 British, 20 DVD, 201–205, 207, 209–213 New Zealander, 20 DVD distribution, 646 Enlight Media, 336 En résidence surveillée (House Arrest, 1981), 42 E , 349, 351, 356, 378, Eagle Shooting Heroes, The (1993 flm), 380 115 Enter the Seven Virgins, 345 East Asia, 18–22, 24, 27, 56, 69, 377, Environmental disaster, 667, 680 530–532, 632, 635, 636, 638, 640, Ephemera, 140, 143 642, 643, 646, 647 Equality, 48 Asian Financial Crisis, the, 92 Erdem, Reha, 76 defnition, 90, 91 Erksan, Metin, 151, 152, 158–160, 164, flm business network, 90, 95, 98–101 166 regionalism, 92 Ertugrul, Muhsin, 154 theoretical framework, 91 Escape Plan, 334, 357 , 54–56, 60 Espinosa, Julio Garcia, 40 Eastern Anatolia, 74 Espionage, 310, 312 Eastern Europe, 18 Ethical manhood, 482, 483 Eastphone, 250 Ethnicity, 60, 76, 379, 381 East-West Center, 192 Ethnic poverty, 60 Ebert, Roger, 379 Ethnogenesis, 16 Ecology, 672 Ethnography, 222, 223 Economic prosperity, 23, 48 methods, 223, 235 Eco, Umberto, 313–315, 320–322 Ethnonationalism Eco-uncanny, 676, 683 French consent by law, 20 Education system, 613 German descent by blood, 16, 20 Edwards, Gareth, 338 one shared bloodline, 16 Egoyan, Atom, 75–77 Eurasia, 73 Egypt, 46 Eurimages, 76, 83 Egyptian cinema, 46 Euro-American cinema, 32 Eijanaika (Imamura), 60 Eurocentrism, 44, 689 Eisenstein, Zillah EuropaCorp, 334 “imperial feminism”, 704 Europe, 18, 20, 22, 23, 30–35, 41, 42, Elley, Derek, 194 71–73, 76, 79, 82, 83, 193, 330, Elsaesser, Thomas, 432 331, 334, 337, 360, 361, 690, 693 Emancipatory third cinema, 39 Eastern, 18 Emasculation, 495 Western, 17, 31, 38 Emergent European art cinema, 15, 30, 35 cultural practice, 131, 137 European colonialism, 37 culture, 135 European coproductions, 30, 32 geography, 138 European Film Awards, 623 Emigration, 20 European melodrama, 491 Emitaï (1971), 42 European narrative, 32 Emmerich, Roland, 335 European Union, 76 Empiricism, 54, 55, 57, 66, 68 European Union Media Europe, 193 English Exchanges, 612, 618, 620, 621, 624 American, 20 Exhibition 720 Index

arts, 133, 134, 144 Femininity, 489–494, 496, 498–500, new media arts, 136, 139 502 Out the Window: Spaces of Distraction, Feminism/Feminist, 517, 518, 521 134 flmmaker, 690, 696 Under Construction: New Dimensions postfeminism, 702–705 of Asian Art, 138 transnational, 704 Exile, 690, 697, 701 Feminized masculinity, 494 Existentialism, 33 Feminized university, 498 Exoticized Ferryman, The. SeeSee You Tomorrow images, 464 (2016 flm) “other”, 463 Festival, 25–28, 30, 34, 38, 46 Exploitative, 211, 212 producer’s, 26 Export-oriented economic model, 22 Festival art flms, 34 Extra-flmic texts, 428 Festival of New Latin American Cinema of Havana, 38 Feudal empire, 377 F Fighting sequences, 377, 381 Facebook page, 436, 439, 443, 445 Filial piety, 507–510, 520, 524, 525 @whysowong, 443 Film, 329, 331, 332, 334, 336, 338– Fahrenheit 451 (1966), 32 342, 344–361 Fallen Angels (1995 flm), 115 abroad, 613, 623 False consciousness, 55 industries, 609, 624 Familism, 511, 512, 524, 525 quotas, 620 Family, 508–518, 520, 522, 524 studios, 609 Fandom, 193 themes, 624 performance of anti-capitalist time, Film academy, 27 661 Film business Fans, 428, 429, 431, 434, 439, 441– East Asian, 89, 90, 95, 98–101 443, 445. See also Fandom flm festivals, 95, 97–100 participatory culture, 432 flm marketplaces, 95 practices, 428, 436, 438. See also Fans, global/international, 89, 90, 95, 97, writing, participatory culture 99, 100 transmedia, 430, 432, 433, 440 network, 90, 95, 98–101 writing, 431 nodes, 95, 98, 100, 101 Fantasies, 375, 378, 380, 386 Film distribution, 428, 431 Fantasy epics, 622 Film festival, 223, 224, 229, 231 fantizi, 341, 344 Asian, 16, 25–27 farhang sazi, 494 Asia-Pacifc, 25, 26 Farr, Jamie, 351, 354 Big Three, 27, 34, 43 Fascism, 31 Cannes, 27, 34 Fast & Furious, 478 continental, 16, 25, 27, 37, 47 Fatal Decision, 293, 296–298, 300–304 international, 26, 27, 30, 32, 34, 43, Father and Son (Fong), 61 47 Fawcett, Farah, 351, 353 Le Festival Panafricain du Cinéma de Federation of Motion Picture Producer’s Ouagadougou (FESPACO), 43, Association of Asia (FPA), 265 46 Federation of Motion Picture Producers noncompetitive status, 27 in Southeast Asia, 25 Southeast Asia, 25 Female stars, 378 Venice, 27, 34 Index 721

Viña del Mar, 37, 38 Fraternity, 377 Film festival circuit, 191 Free fow of ideas, 331 Film Festival Research Network, 191 Free market rhetoric, 31 Film festivals, 81, 534, 541, 546. See Free trade also Antalya Golden Orange Film as one-way, 31 Festival; Cairo International Film Freeze frame zoom-in shot, 35 Festival; Montreal World Film French Bureau of Cinema, 44 Festival; Pusan (Busan) International French communist party, 43 Film Festival; Vesoul International French consent by law, 20 Film Festival of Asian Cinema French high court, 36 Film Foundation/World Cinema Project, French language, 33 77 French New Wave, 33, 34, 39 Film genres, 32 philosophical, 33 supernatural flms, 29 technical, 33 Triad flms, 29 Freud, Sigmund, 274, 275, 279 flmhay-e jangi/war movies, 490, 493 hysteria, 533 Film market, 27, 29–31 melancholia, 533, 536 Film policy, 95, 101 Friction, 173, 183, 185 Film star, 228, 230 From Karkheh to Rheine, 493, 495 Fincher, David, 64 From Two Worlds as a Keepsake, 76 Finney, Angus, 95, 103. See also Triana, Frow, John, 68 Eugenio Fujihata, Masaki, 135 Fist of Fury, 348 Fukusaku, Kinji, 61 Fist of Legend, 384 Fukushima, 667, 668, 671, 673–675, Five Fingers of Death, 348, 377 684 Five Flavours Film Festival, 199 Fu Manchu, 472, 473 , 196 Fundamental Law for the Promotion of Flattering images, 621 Culture and the Arts, 617 Focus on Asia Fukuoka International Funny Games (Haneke), 64 Film Festival, 75 Fu, Poshek, 343, 360 Folk heroes, 377 Fuqua, Antoine, 471, 480 Fong, Allen, 61, 65 The Furious Buddha’s Palm, 380 Food, 22 Furukawa, Takumi, 345 Ford, Harrison, 346 Ford, John, 64 Foreign Agents Registration Act, 333 G Foreign flms, 609, 620, 621 Gadjigo, Samba, 41 policy, 610, 616 Game of Thrones, 358, 359 Fournier Lanzoni, Rémi, 33 Games, 430–432, 443, 444 Four Seas Gang, 394 frst-person, 431. See also Games, Fractured masculinity, 492, 493 , Thirty Flights of , 75, 76, 84 Loving Franchise, 377, 387 Gravity Bone, 431 Franco-American monopoly, 44 platform, 431. See also Games, Francophone, 43, 46 steam, 431 Franju, Georges Thirty Flights of Loving, 431 Les Sang Des Bêtes (Blood of the Games Gamblers Play, 349 Beasts), 538 Gandhi, 296, 299–303 Fraser, Malcolm, 692–695 Gandhigiri, 296–299, 301, 304 722 Index

The , 349 The Glass Agency, 493 Gangs of New York (Scorsese), 60 Glickenhaus, James, 355 Gangster flms, 60–62, 69, 391, 399, Global Asia, 140 400 Global audiences, 623 Gangster ficks, 380 Global capitalism, 53, 304 Garcia, J. Neil construction of, 54 babaylan, 587, 588, 590 Global culture, 22, 143 kalooban, 584 Asianization of, 22 psychosexual inversion of bakla, 584 Global flmmaking, 332 Garcia, Roger, 192 Globalisation, 67, 379, 538, 632, 646, Gated communities 647, 689 intrusion into, 64 Global market, 375, 385 Gender, 489–492, 495, 496, 501, 502, Global popularity, 617 504, 689, 696, 703, 705 Global soft power, 331 sexual identity, 690 Go Away Mr. Tumour, 335 Gender differentiation, 492 Godard, Jean-Luc, 32, 33, 40 Gendered citizenship, 490 Letter to Jane (1972), 698 Gender performance, 490, 491, 499 Godfather, The (Coppola), 60 Gender roles, 622 God of Cookery, The (Chow), 62 Generational oppression, 37 King of the Monsters, 338 Generic mixture, 380, 383 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 67 Genre, 56, 58, 60, 61, 65, 68, 69, 204, weltliteratur, 54 207–211, 213, 375–379, 381–386, Golden Globe, 333 613, 617, 624 Golden Harvest, 330–332, 341, 346– allegory, 552 356, 359, 360 blending, 547 Goldsmith, Jerry, 313 Gente del Po [People of the Po], 319 Gong fu yu jia/Kung Fu Yoga, 83 Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (Marilyn Mon- Gong, Ying, 336 roe), 573 Goodbye Mr. Loser, 336 Geography, 72, 73, 76, 79 Goodyear Movie Company, 350 cultural, 139 Gorky, Maxim, 58, 61 dominant, 136 Government, 612, 613, 616–618, 620, emergent, 138 621, 625 residual, 136 Government grants, 32 Georgia, 25, 72, 76, 77, 84 Grandmaster, The (2013 flm), 115, 386 German, 20, 35, 36 Great Depression, the, 59 descent by blood, 16, 20 Greater China, 375, 379 , 19, 31, 32, 76 Greater East Asian Co-prosperity Sphere, Gerow, Aaron, 195, 196 19 Getino, Octavio, 39 The Great Wall, 331, 338–340, 357–360 Ghatak, Ritwik, 59 Great Wall (Chang Cheng) Pictures, 330 gheirat, 497 Greece, 17, 314, 358 Ghetto Greenberg, Brian, 423 history of, 60 Green, Dave, 340 Ghetto comedies, 61 Greene, Naomi, 33 Ghetto myth, 378 Grewal, Inderpal Ghosts, 140, 142, 143 “scattered hegemonies”, 704 Ghoussoub, Mai, 500 Grindhouse GI Joe, 479, 481 flms, 63 Index 723

venues, 63 Hearts and minds, 24 Guan, Shan, 330 Helios, 336, 337 Guerrilla warfare, 40 Hellman, Monte, 346 Guney, Yilmaz, 152, 156, 157, 163, 164 Helsinki Cine Aasia, 191, 193, 194, 197 Guomindang. See Nationalist (KMT) Helsinki International Film Festival, 193, Guoyu, 341, 342 194 Guzmán, Patricio, 38 Henner, Marilu, 353 , Orientalizing, 16 Henney, Daniel, 421, 422 Gyumri, Armenia, 77 Henry, Mike, 352 Here, 75 Hero, 379, 381–383, 385–387 H Heroic duty, 382 Habitual Sadness (1997), 635 A Hero or Not, 336 Haengdang-dong People (1994), Hess, John, 689 638–641 Hidden (Haneke), 64 Haendang-dong People 2. See Another Hill, George Roy, 35 World We Are Making:Haen- Hindi language, 20 dang-dong People 2 (1999) Hip-hop, 60, 61 Hainanese, 341 Hipster, 442, 445 Haji Khani, Said, 494 culture, 442 Hallyu, 336, 479, 612 Hirani, Rajkumar, 293, 296 Hamidian massacres, 80 Hirokazu Koreeda, 207 Hammer Films, 346 Hirosue, Ryoko, 416 Haneke, Michael, 64 Historical, 616, 619, 620, 622–624 Han Han, 414 context, 385 Han Yan, 336 revisionism, 60 Happy ending, 31 Historiography, 60 Haptographies, 83 and empirical facts, 57 Haptologies, 83 as linear chronology, 57 harassat offce, 495, 502 Hitchcock, Peter, 380 Hard power, 31 Ho Chi Minh City. See Saigon Hardt, M., 491, 503 Hofbauer, Ernst, 345 Hark, Tsui The Holiday, 381 A Better Tomorrow III: Love and Death Hollywood, 15, 28–33, 35, 37, 39, 41, in Saigon (1989), 693 44, 89, 100, 151, 154, 155, 158, Harold and Kumar, 478, 479 163, 245, 247, 248, 251–254, 256, Harrow, Kenneth, 44 259, 260, 265, 308, 309, 311, 323, Hashtag, 439, 440, 445 329–361, 375, 376, 378–384, 387, ethnography, 323 469–475, 477–481, 483–485, 610, Hasumi, Shigehiko, 177, 270 611, 621, 624 Hatamikia, Ebrahim, 493, 495, 499 genres, 152, 156, 164 Hathaway, John, 307, 308, 310–312 imitation of, 158 Haunting, 64 Homage, 34, 35, 427, 428, 443. See also Hauser, Arnold, 54 Tribute; Short flm Hawaii, 18 Home Sweet Home (Pang), 64 Hawaii International Film Festival, 192 homo economicus, 61 Hawks, Howard, 60, 573, 574 Hondo, Med, 31 Hayakawa, Sessue, 477 Hong, Henry Gong, 26 Heart Afame, 330 Hong, James, 381 724 Index

Hong Kong, 18, 21, 24–26, 28–30, 47, Huaguang Sound-on-Film Motion Pic- 329, 331, 332, 335–337, 341–343, ture Company, 246, 255, 265 345–351, 353–358, 360, 361, Huahua Media, 340 377–380, 383–385, 469–471, , 344 473–475, 484 Huang, Naishuang, 246, 256, 260, 265 Chow Mo-wan, 430 Huang Sha, 329 cinema, 436 huaqiao (overseas ethnic Chinese com- FILMART, 97 munities), 24 Film Development Fund, the, 96, 103 , 334, 336 flm industry, 90, 96, 97 Hughes, Patrick, 334 flm location, 433. See also Hong Hui, Ann, 62 Kong, pilgrimage Boat People (1981), 693 flm stars. See Hong Kong, Tony The Boy from Vietnam (1978), 693 Leung, Chow Mo-wan, 430 The Story of Woo Viet (1981), 693 HKSAR, 692 Hui brothers, 349 Hong Kong International Film Festi- Hui, Michael, 349, 352, 353 val, the (HKIFF), 96, 97 Hui, Rita Nga Shu, 141 Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Eco- Hui, Shi, 329 nomic Partnership Arrangement, Hu Jia, 335 the (CEPA), 97, 99, 103 Human right, 36, 690, 693, 703 pilgrimage, 433 Humor, 376, 381 pro-democracy activist, 439. See also Hung, Kit (Hong Rongjie), 560–564, Hong Kong, pro-democracy 568–573, 575, 576, 578, 579. See protesters also Soundless Wind Chime (Kit pro-democracy protesters, 439 Hung) Special Administrative Region (SAR), Huston, John, 36 691 Huyssen, Andreas, 375 Tony Leung, 430, 434 Hybridity, 379, 380, 383, 386 Hong Kong cinema, 57–60, 62, 63, 65, Hybridization, 67 68, 111, 112, 116, 119 Cantonese vs. Mandarin flms, 57 conventional history of, 57 I ’97 handover, 57 Ice Cube, 62, 65 Hong Kong New Wave, 57 Identity left- and right-wing studios, 57 of Japanese, 393, 400 mainland co-productions, 57 of Taiwanese, 392, 398, 399, 401, Second Wave, 57 402, 405 ’80s golden age, 57 of yakuza, 400 Hong Kongifcation, 110, 112, 116 Ideology, 55, 58, 68, 623, 624 Hong Kong International Film Festival , 336 (HKIFF), 26, 192 Illusion, 620 Hong Kong New Wave, 693 Illustrious Energy, 451, 453, 454, 459, Hong Kong’s TVB station, 335 460, 462–464 Hope (Yilmaz Guney, 1970), 162 Imaginative synthesis, 23 The Hour of the Furnaces (1968), 39 Imagining communities, 16, 22, 609 How Yukong Moved the Mountains (Com- Imamura, Shohei, 60 ment Yukong déplaça les montagnes), Immigrant, 392, 400, 401, 403–405 325 Immigration, 689, 690, 693, 698, 703 Hsia, Daniel, 420–422 migrant rights, 692 Index 725

Imperfect cinema, 38, 40 Katzenstein, Peter J., 92, 102 as revelation and revolution, 40 Yamamoto, Yoshinobu, 92, 102 Imperialist paradigm, 380 Internazionale Nembo Distribuzione Imperial powers, 377 Importazione Esportazione Film, Inami, Kazumi, 618 345 Independence Day 2, 335 Interpol 009, 345 Indexicality, 536, 537 Intersectionality/intersectional, 71, 83, of the image, 539 411, 420, 424 India, 18–22, 24, 25, 31 Intertextual citations, 428, 436 Indian subcontinent, 18 Intertextuality. See Intertextual citations; Individual free will, 33 Intertextual reference, 68 Individualism, 379 and discursive function, 68 Indochina, 18 and ideological purpose, 68 Indonesia, 20, 22, 24, 25, 29 Intertextual reference, 379, 427 Industrialization, 22 In the Face of Demolition (Lee), 58, 59, Industrial Light and Magic, 357 65 Infnite Pictures, 336 Iordanova, Dina, 26–28 Infuence, 609–611, 616, 617, 619, 623 Ip Man, 379 Inner Asia, 18 Iran, 25, 72, 75, 79, 84 An Inn in (Ozu), 59 Iran-Contra Affair, 489 Inoue Umetsugu, 345 Iranian Revolution of 1979, 489, 490, Intellectual property rights, 22 492 Interactions, 376 Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988), 489–495, Inter-Asian referencing, 182, 185 498–502 International Documentary Film Festival Iraq War, 23 Amsterdam (IDFA), the, 182 Islam, 73, 81 International Federation of Film Produc- Islamic nationalism, 489, 492, 493, 497, ers Associations (FIAPF), 192, 193, 501, 504 197 Islamic nationalist discourse, 490, 492 International Festival of New Cinema, 39 Islamic nation-state, 490 International flm festival, 172, 173, 178 Islamic Republic, 489, 492, 494, 495, Berlin, 27, 34 497, 504 Big Three, 27, 34 Islamophobia, 476 Busan, 26, 27 Italy, 31, 32, 39 Cannes, 27, 34 Itaya, Junsuke, 250 Hong Kong, 26 Ito, Sachio, 271, 273 model of, 183 Ito, Takashi, 137, 142 of New Cinema, 39 Ivens, Joris, 325 programming of, 178 Iwabuchi, Koichi, 618–620 , 26, 27 Iwai, Shunji, 269, 273 short circuit of, 172, 173, 178 Iwasaki, Akira, 250, 254 Tokyo, 26, 27 Venice, 27 International law, 36 J International legal order (ordre public Jack Black, 381 international), 36 , 336, 349–354, 356, 378, International markets, 622 379, 381, 384, 387, 610 politics, 610 Jackie Gleason, 352 International relations, 91 , 336 726 Index

Jagoda, Patrick, 440, 443 Jenkins, Henry network aesthetics, 431, 432, 436, transmedia storytelling, 428, 430, 431 440. See also Jagoda, Patrick, Jeong Chang-hwa, 342 network imaginary, network , 334, 338, 378, 384, 474, 477 metaphors Jet Tone Production, 109 network imaginary, 432 J-horror, 197 network metaphors, 428, 432 jianghu, 471 Jameson, Fredric, 55, 66, 67 Jiang Qing, 320 “cognitive mapping”, 55 , 474, 484 “geopolitical aesthetic”, 689 jiantizi, 341 “singular modernity”, 67 jiaotou (territorial gangs), 397–399, 403 janbaz, 496–500 , 23, 207 Jang Sun-woo, 62 Jihad-e nafs, 492, 494, 504 Japan, 18–25, 28, 29, 31, 221–227, 229, jihad-e sazandegi, 493, 504 231, 232, 234–238, 246–256, 260, Ji Jin-hee, 336 264, 265, 460, 461, 463–465, 529– , 384 531, 534, 535, 538, 553, 632, 636, Jinan, 255, 256, 265 637, 642, 643, 645, 646, 667–671, Jin Yimeng, 336 673–675, 679, 680, 683, 690 Jishu joei, 176, 177 Amami islands, 536, 537, 540 Joan and the Voices, 74–76 flm industry, 90, 100 Jodorowsky, Alejandro, 618 Japan’s cultural industry, 132, 133, Johnson, L., 501, 503 144, 145 Johnston, Meg, 694 Japan’s Digital Content Association, Joliette Dock in Marseilles, 43 145 Jones, Indiana, 387 TIFFCOM, 100, 105 Jon M. Chu, 334 Tokyo, 100 Jordan, 76, 79 Tokyo International Film Festival, the, Jordon Vogt-Roberts, 338 100, 105 Josephine Koo, 336 , 191, 198 Journées Cinématographiques de Japanese anime, 618, 619 Carthage, 44, 46 Japanese cinema, 202, 205, 206, 211 Juancun (Military Dependents’ Village), Japanese Empire, 18 394–396 Japanese Film Fest Hamburg, 191 June 4th crackdown Japanese flms, 617 1989 Tiananmen, 694 Japanese judo, 376 Jung Han-seok, 639, 641 Japanese karate, 378 Justice, 377, 378, 381 , 20 Just Like Weather (Fong), 61 Japanese model, 22 Juxtaposition, 381, 385 Japanese Offce Lady (OL), 459 Japanese queer cinema, 561 Japan Film Library Council, 192, 195. K See also Kawakita Memorial Film Kabuki, 251, 252 Foundation Kaixin (Happy), 255 Japan Foundation, 197, 198 Kaixinmahua, 336 Japan Foundation Asia Center, Kajol, 476 133–135, 138 Kaneshiro, Takeshi, 110–113, 115, 116 Japan Society, 198 Kaplan, Caren Jean-Claude Van Damme, 336 “scattered hegemonies”, 704 Jen, Gish, 410 Kaplanoğlu, Semih, 76, 162, 163 Index 727

The Karate Kid, 339, 379 and Sangye-dong Olympics (1988), Karen Mok, 336 180 Kars, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, 77 and Standing on the Edge of Death kathoey, 584, 592, 602 (1990), 180 Katsarova, Ivana, 32 King Boxer, 348 Katzenstein, Peter J., 92, 102. See also King, Braden, 75 International relations King, Henry, 325 Kava Productions, 339 King, Homay, 317, 323 Kawaii, 441, 442 , 377 anti-kawaii, 538, 540 King, Martin Luther, 413 Kawakita, Kashiko (aka Madame Kawak- Kitano, Takeshi, 193–195 ita), 192 Kitsch, 385 Kawakita Memorial Film Foundation, Ko, Giddens, 412 192. See also Japan Film Library kokusaika, 134 Council Kong Skull Island, 338 Kawase, Naomi, 416–418, 530, 532, Korea, 18, 269, 280, 284 534–540, 544, 548, 552, 553 North, 23, 24, 47 Kawatani, Shōhei, 246, 247, 255, 264 South, 21–29, 47 , 336, 384 Korean American, 479 Keaton, Buster, 379 Korean Film Council (KOFIC), 197, 198 , 335 Korean flms, 612, 621 Keisuke, Kinoshita, 269–273, 289 Korean hapkido, 376 Kenji Mizoguchi, 345 Korean language, 20 Kennedy, Jay Richard, 310 Koreanness, 525 , 350 Koreans, 19 Kershner, Irvin, 352 Korean War, 23, 24 Khachatryan, Harutyun, 77, 83 Korean Wave, 280, 479, 612 Khan, Aamir, 414 Kore-eda, Hirokazu, 193 Khan, Genghis, 18 Kotani, “Henry” Sōichi, 247, 251–253, Khan, Irrfan, 478 255, 256, 259, 260, 265 Khanjian, Arsinée, 75 Kovács, András Bálint, 433–436 Khan, Kublai, 18, 21 Kracauer, Siegfried Khan, Shah Rukh, 469, 474–479, 484 spiritual “redemption” of reality, 60 Khorramshahr, 489 Kristeva, Julia, 68 Khuzestan, 489, 493 Kuei Chih-Hung, 345 Kickboxer, 378 Kundera, Milan Kickstarter, 212, 217 The Unbearable Lightness of Being Kidman, Nicole, 338 (1984), 691 Kido, Shirō, 247–249, 252 Kung fu, 339, 375, 378, 379, 381–383, Ki-duk, Kim, 534, 539, 540 385, 387 Kiki, Kirin, 417 , 375, 376, 379–384, Kill Bill: Vol. 1, 350, 378 386, 387 Kill Bill: Vol. 2, 378 Kung Fu Panda, 375, 376, 379–387 Kim, Hae Min, 143 Kunio, Suzuki, 281 Kim, KI-duk, 193 Kurdish, 75 Kim, Sang-woo, 420 Kurosawa, Akira, 196 Kimble Rendall, 334 Kurosawa, Kiyoshi, 64 Kim Dong-won, 180, 181, 631, 632, Kuwait, 25 634, 635, 638, 640, 642–645, 647 Kwan, Stanley, 559, 560, 562 Kwan Tak-hing, 383 728 Index

Kyoto, 222, 223, 226–229, 231, le cinéma de papa. See Tradition of 233–236, 238 Quality Kyoto Culture Museum (Kyoto Bunka Le cinéma et l’Afrique (Cinema and Hakubutsukan), 227, 228 Africa, 1969), 42 Le Docker Noir (The Black Docker, 1956), 43 L Lee Byung-Hun, 469, 478, 483–485 Lady Knight Li Feifei, 377 Lee Han-hsiang, 344, 349 La Fédération Panafricaine des Cinéastes Lee, Sangjoon, 24 (FEPACI), 43–45 Le Festival Panafricain du Cinéma de Lage Raho Munna Bhai, 293, 296, 297, Ouagadougou (FESPACO), 43, 46 299, 300, 302–305 , 331 Lai, Leon, 415 Legend of Suram Fortress, 77 Lam, Ringo, 61 The Legend of the Seven Golden Vampires, Landmines, 495, 499, 500 346 The Land of Hope (2012), 668, 677, 682, Le Groupe Africain de Cinéma (The 683 African Cinema Group), 42 Land of the Dead, The (Romero), 64 Leily Is with Me, 493 Language Leonardo DiCaprio, 338 Arabic, 20 Lesage, Julia Barrier, 28 “fragmented consciousness”, 697 Chinese, 20 Les quatre cents coups (The 400 Blows, English; American, 20; Australian, 20; 1959), 34 British, 20; New Zealander, 20 Lethal Weapon 4, 378 French, 33 Leung, Chiu-Wai, 110–113, 115, 116, Hindi, 20 118 Japanese, 20 Leung, Helen Hok-sze, 560, 564, 566, Korean, 20 568 Wolof, 42 queerscape, 572, 573 Lan Kwai Fong, 423 Levant, 18 la politique des , 30, 33, 35 Lev, Peter, 32, 33 La Semaine du Cinéma Africain, 46 Le Vision Pictures, 339 Lasky Lighting, 252, 253, 256, 260 Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, 329, 344 The Last Emperor, 339 Liang You Publishing, 330 Last Tango in (1972), 32 Liberal flm censorship, 47 Late modernity. See Modernity , 337 Lau, Andy, 357 Li, Cheuk-to, 26, 192 Law, Clara , 63 Floating Life (1996), 694, 700 Li Li Hua, 344 Goddess of 1967 (2000), 694 Lim, Bliss Cua, 142 Letters to Ali (2004), 690–692, Li Meijie, 335 694–699, 702–705 Lim, Song Hwee, 559, 560, 569, 576 Red Earth (2010), 690 Gengxin, 357 Le cinéma africain des origins à 1973 lingua franca, 19 (The Origins of African Cinema Lin, Justin, 340 Until 1973, 1974), 42 Linklater, Richard, 423 Le cinéma au Sénegal (The Cinema in Lin Nong, 329 Senegal, 1983), 42 Lin, Ruxin, 246, 256, 260 Index 729

L’Institute des Hautes Études Cinéma- MacLaine, Shirley, 353 tographiques (Institute for Cinema Macphee, Ian, 692, 694, 695 Studies, IDHEC), 41 Made in Hong Kong (Chan), 62 Liongate’s, 334 Magino Village Trilogy, 638 Lippmann, W., 611, 620 Magnan-Park, Aaron Han Joon, 15, 23 Li Xianglan (Yoshiko Yamaguchi/Shirley Magombe, P. Vincent, 46 Yamaguchi), 564, 578 The Magnifcent Concubine, 344, 345 Li Zuyong, 330, 343 The Magnifcent Seven, 480, 481, 484 Lloyd, J., 501, 503 Mahbubani, Kishore, 409, 410, 420, 425 Loach, Ken, 65 Mai Chih-Ho, 345 Loh Lieh, 348 , 377 Loh Wei, 348 Mainlanders, 393, 394, 396–399, 404. Loke Wan-Tho, 330, 331, 343 See also waishengren (mainland Lo, Kwai-Cheung, 412 Chinese) London Film Festival, 194 Mainlandization, 110, 112, 116 Longman Leung, 336 Main melody flm, 295, 298 López, Ana, 37 Makino Shōzō, 250 Lord of the East China Sea (Mak), 60 Mak, Johnny, 60, 61 The Lord of the Rings trilogy, 359 Malay, 342, 344 Lost decade, 617 Malaysia, 18, 22, 24, 25, 344, 345, 358 Lost in Hong Kong (2015), 414 Mambo Girl (Yi), 63, 65 Lost in Macau (2015), 414 Ma, Ming-Yuen S., 139 (2012), 414 , 18, 283 Lost opportunity, 24 Manchurian Incident, 254, 265 Louie, Kam, 412 Mandabi (1968), 42 , 344 Mandarin, 330, 341–343 Love Is a Many-splendored Thing, 325 Mandarin flms, 330 Love Letter, 269, 273, 276, 279, 280 , 21 Lowbrow entertainment, 375 Manhood, 378 Lo, Wei, 35 , 336, 340, 347 Lower Depths, The (Gorky), 58 Manson, Katrina, 46 Lower Depths, The (Renoir), 58 The Man With The Golden Gun, 380 Lowly City (Anand), 58 Man with the Movie Camera, The, 316 Lubitsch, Ernst, 259 Maoism, 309, 315 Lucasflm, 352 Maoist culture, 300, 301 Lucy Liu, 381 Maori, 451, 452, 454 , 116, 358 Mao Zedong, 300, 301, 303, 308 Lukács, György, 54, 55 Maple Ridge Films, 355 and Brecht-Lukacs debates, 55 Marchetti, Gina, 423, 491 Lumbini, 19 Marco Polo, 319 Lussier, Patrick, 334 Marker, Chris L’Université de Paris IV Sorbonne, 41 La Jetée (1962), 690 Lu Xun, 317, 318, 330 Letter from Siberia (1957), 698 Market borders, 332 Marketing, 203–205, 207, 210–213 M Market tastes, 29 Macao, 329, 346, 358 Marriage of the Fairy Princess, 329 Macau, 24 , 209 MacConnell, Juliet Flower, 494 Martial arts cinema, 375–379, 383–387 730 Index

Martial arts genre, 376, 384–386 Melodrama, 155–158, 164–166, 296, Marxism 297, 304, 305, 534, 535, 547 as cultural theory, 55 Melodramatization, 495, 498–499 as dialectical criticism, 55 Meme, 445 as literary criticism, 55 political, 427 as teleological history, 55 Memory and Desire, 269, 272, 274, Marx, Karl, 55, 67 276–281, 289, 451, 459, 462–465 Masculinity, 396 Merantau, 377 Asian, 483, 484 Meridian Entertainment, 336 Asian American, 470, 483 Meteor, 346, 347 manufactured versatile masculinity, 483 Metteur-en-scène, 33, 34 Masculinity, 489–526 Michelle Yeoh, 378 , 378, 384 Micro-politics, 67 , 378 Middle East, 17, 18, 21, 29, 46, 75, 78, The Matrix Revolutions, 378 79 Matrix trilogy, 350 Miho, Nakayama, 273, 274, 280 Matsue, Tetsuaki, 199 Miike, Takashi, 194, 195 Matsuo Akinori, 6, 345 Mikael Hafstrom, 334 McGray, Douglas, 617 Mikio, Naruse, 270 McGregor, Ewan, 338 Military, 612, 622 McQuarrie, Christopher, 340 Millennium Films, 334 Media arts Mimetic fdelity, 385 experimental flm, 133, 137–139, 141, Mimura, “Harry” Akira, 253 142 Minagawa, Yoshizō, 249, 250, 255 media arts curation, 135 “Mina-talkie”, 250, 251, 254–256 media arts exhibition, 136, 139 Minato, Chihiro, 136 new media arts, 130, 137, 139, 140, Ministry of Information, 42 144, 146 Minnanhua, 341 photography, 133–135, 137–139, 141, Mission Impossible Rogue Nation, 340, 142 347 screen arts, 131, 132, 136, 143 Mitchell, Tony, 694, 695 video, 129–133, 135–146 Miyazaki, Hayao, 619 video installation, 133 Moallem, Ali, 490 Media Asia, 336 Modernity, 632, 635–637, 646, 647 Media capital Modernization, 22, 48, 53, 54, 56, 57 concept, 90, 93 Modernize or bust, 23 Curtin, Michael, 90, 93–95, 100 Monga, 392, 394, 396–399, 403, 405 forces of sociocultural variation, 94, 99 Mongol Empire, 18 a logic of accumulation, 94, 96 Mongolia, 18, 24 trajectories of creative migration, 94, Montreal World Film Festival, 75 98 Moore, Roger, 351, 352 Media fandom, 429 Morality, 691, 692 Media Group, 336, 340 Moretti, Franco, 55, 56, 66, 67 Mediatic technologies, 491 “distant reading”, 56 Meiji Japan, 20 national vs. world literature, 67 Meishi Street (2006), 631, 634, 642, the tree vs. the wave, 67 644–647 Mostazafan, 493 Melancholia, 274, 281–283, 287, 289 Most Dangerous Man in the World, The, 308 Index 731

Motherhood, 510, 512, 515, 516, 524 Native Taiwanese, 392, 393, 398, Motion Pictures & General Investments 403. See also benshengren (native (MP & GI), 330, 342, 347 Taiwanese) Motoki, Masahiro, 416 NATO, 24 Mourning, 273, 274, 279–281, 289 Nature, 668–677, 679, 681–683 Movietown, 343 The Naval Battle of 1894, 329 Moving picture, 611 Neame, Ronald, 346 Mughal Empire, 18 Needham, Hal, 351 Mulan, 378 Need for Speed, 334 Mulan II, 378 Negri, A., 491, 503 Müller, Marco, 192 Négritude Movement, 42 Multiple modernities, 67 Neighborhood, 58, 59, 61 Murmuring, The (1995), 635 representation of, 62 Muslim, 476, 504 The Neighborhood’s Wife and Mine (Mad- My Beloved Bodyguard, 387 amu to nyōbo, Gosho Heinosuke, My Name Is Khan, 474, 476–478 1931), 249 My Own Breathing (1999), 635 Neocolonialism, 39, 40, 44 Mythology, 622 American, 37, 45 British, 37 Neoliberalism, 531, 533, 548, 549 N affective labor, 532 Nacho Libre, 381 femininity, 529, 533, 543, 552 Nafcy, Hamid, 116–120 Neorealism, 59–61, 65, 69 “accented cinema”, 697 Nepal, 19 “epistolarity”, 697 Nettezza Urbana [Sanitation Depart- Nagata, Masaichi, 25, 26 ment], 320 Naghizadeh, Asghar, 490 Network of Asian Film Festivals in Nakashira Ko, 345 Europe (NAFFE), 199 Nagorno-Karabakh, 73, 76 Neupert, Richard, 33, 35 Nakayama-shichiri (Ochiai Namio, New 1930), 253 new Asia, 131, 133, 135, 136, 139, Namiko (Tanaka Eizō, 1932), 253 140, 144 Narbey, Leon, 451, 454, 458, 459, 461, new geographies, 130, 132, 136 462 new media, 130–132, 135–138, 143 Narita Airport, 631, 633, 636, 642 new media arts, 130, 137, 139, 140, Narrative(s), 623 144, 146 Nation, 609–613, 617, 620, 622, 623 New Cinema National of Turkey, 152, 164, 165 cinema, 152–154, 157–161, 165, 166 New Cinema Line, 355 flm industry, 159 New Classic Media, 336 identity, 158 New German Cinema, 35 imaginary, 165 New Hollywood, 60, 69 National dignity, 378 New Korean Cinema, 508 Nationalist (KMT), 692 New Latin American Cinema, 37–40, 45 Nationalist government, 393, 399 New York Draft Riots, 60 crackdown of the underworld, 399 New Zealand (Aotearoa), 18, 20, 25 martial law under, 393, 399 collective identity, 452, 454, 455, 458, National mascot, 381 462, 464 Native informant with a Ph.D., 16 flms, 453, 459, 464 732 Index

landscape, 454, 455, 460, 462 Olympic Games national cinema, 453 in Beijing 2008, 631, 642, 643 Nicholas Cage’s, 334 in East Asia, 642, 643 , 336 in Seoul 1988, 638, 639, 642 Nickelodeon Movies, 340, 347 in Tokyo 1964, 642 Night and Fog (Hui), 62 Omnibus flm, 82. See also Anthology Night Inn (Huang), 58 flm; Portmanteau flm; Transautho- , 247, 248, 250, 255, 345, 355 rial cinema Nippon Connection, 191, 195, 196, 199 Once upon a Time in China, 384 Nitani Hideaki, 345 Once upon a Time in China II, 384 Niu Cheng-tse, 392, 398 Once upon a Time in China III, 384 Nixon, Rob, 675, 678 Once upon a Time in China IV, 384 Nocturne, 345 Once upon a Time in China V, 384 Non-Aggression Pact, 18 Once upon a Time in China VI, 384 Nonaligned Third World movement, 24 The One-Armed Swordsman, 377, 384 Noncompetitive status, 27 One-way affair, 31 Non-martial actors, 384 free market as, 31 Nonnormative whiteness, 72 Ong-Bak: The Thai Warrior, 377 Non-resident Indians, 475 Operation Cleansweep, 399 Non-state actors, 610 Opium War, 377 Nordic Cinema Group, 334, 337 Organized crime, 391–394, 400 Nornes, Abé Mark, 118, 173, 175, 177, transnational nature of, 400 184, 192, 195, 633–637 Oriental Film Company, 253 Norris, Chuck, 349 Orientalism, 206, 411, 412, 415, 464, North America, 15, 20, 22, 23 480, 481 North Korea, 23, 24, 47, 692 pop-orientalism, 481 Nose, Karina, 419 Orientalist, 621 Nostalgia, 229, 230, 232, 235, 236 Oriental Movie Metropolis, 337 Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey, 30 , 231 Now You See Me 2, 334 Ōtani, Takejirō, 248 Nuremburg Trials, 19 Other Asias. See Spivak, Gayatri Nye, Joseph, 610, 622, 624 Chakravorty Other Digital Stuff (ODS), 227 Ougadougou, 46 O Ou Ning, 631, 632, 634, 635, 642–644, Obaltan (오발탄, 誤發彈, The Aimless 647 Bullet, Stray Bullet, 1961), 23 Ousmane Sembène cinèaste (1972), 42 Oceania, 18, 25, 29 Out the Window: Spaces of Distraction, Western, 18 134 Odeon & UCI Cinema Groups, 334 Overseas box offce, 31 Odessa steps, 35 Ozu, Yasujirō, 23, 679, 680 Ogawa Pro, 631–639, 642, 643, 646 Kihachi flms, 59 Ogawa, Shinsuke, 171, 172, 174–179, 181, 184, 632, 634, 635 and Ogawa Productions, 176, 177, P 181. See also Ogawa Pro Pacifc Ocean, 17 and Sanrizuka, 176, 177, 180 Pacifc Rim, 334, 338 Okakura, Tenshin (AKA Kakuzo), 21 The Pacifc Rim Uprising, 338 Okinawa, 18 Pakeha, 451, 452, 455, 457, 458, 461 Olson, Debbie, 41, 43 Pan-African Cinema, 15, 41–44, 46, 47 Index 733

Pan-Africanness, 47 Perpetual foreigners, 473 Pan-Asian, 71, 78 Personnel, 26, 32 Pan-Asian cinema, 24, 27, 28, 30 above-the-line, 26 focus on East Asia, 44 below-the-line, 26 limited to a region, 29 Persuasive, 610 Pang Ho-Cheung Edmond, 64 Peter Pau, 336 Panic Room (Fincher), 64 Pfaff, Françoise, 42 Parajanov, Sergei, 77, 78, 84 Philippine queer cinema Paramount Pictures, 336, 338 bakla as spectacle, 591 Paratexts, 428. See also Extra-flmic texts bakla sexuality, 590, 595, 600, 602 Partnerships, 609, 621, 624 conversion trope, 588, 599, 601 Pascal, Pedro, 357 independent queer cinema, 600 Pass (1977), 638 melodrama and the tragic bakla, 591, Passenger, The, 323 599 Passing Fancy (Ozu), 59 transgenderism in Philippine cinema, Pastiche, 380, 382, 383, 386 600 Pathé, 77 Philippines, 18, 20, 24, 25, 344 Patriarchy/patriarchal, 507, 509, Phoenix (Feng Huang) Motion Pictures, 512–514, 517, 524 330 Patriotism, 281 Photography, 611, 620 Pax Mongolica, 18 Physical prowess, 378, 386 Paxton, Bill, 422 Physical tangibility, 386 Peace After Strom, a.k.a. Blue Skies After Pia Film Festival, 192, 193 the Rain, or Reconciliation (Yuguo Pick, Zuzana, 37 Tianqing, Xia Chifeng, 1931), 246 Ping He, 379 Peasants of the Second Fortress (1971), Pink flms, 561 637, 639 pinku eiga, 63, 197 Peck, Gregory, 307, 310, 311, 313 Pinna, Sandrine, 113 Pei-pei Cheng, 378 Pinochet, Augusto, 38 Peng Damo, 336 Pirates Of The Caribbean: At World’s Penn, Kal, 478 End, 472 People’s Republic of China (PRC), 329 Pitching, 199 Beijing, 98, 99 Platinum Dunes, 340 Beijing Film Market, the, 99 Plot, 621 Beijing International Film Festival, Plurality, 617 the, 99 Poland, 76 China Film Group Corporation, the Police Story 2013, 336, 337 (CFGC), 99 Police Story 3, 355 flm coproduction, 93, 97, 99 Politically-committed flmmaking, 59 Shanghai, 95, 98, 99 Political values, 610, 616 , the, 99 Poly-Asian Shanghai International Film Festival, cinema, 15 the, 99, 100 cinematic consciousness, 15, 24 SIFF Film Market, the, 99 collective flmmaking praxis, 15 People’s Republic of China, the consciousness, 22 flm coproduction, 102 continental cinema, 16 Perception, 610, 611, 613, 620 continental cinematic awakening, 27 Period costume, 377 continental cinematic consciousness, Periodization, 64 15, 16 Periphery, 79 continental cinematic dream, 30 734 Index

continental consciousness, 15, 16, 23, Production quality, 620 28 Profanities, 63 continental embrace, 27 use of, 61 continental flm movement, 15, 16, Professionalization, 624 22, 30, 47 Promotion, 207, 211 continental imagining communities, 22 Propaganda, 309, 314, 316, 317, 323, continental perspective, 28 324, 611 continental sense, 15, 17 The Protector, 354, 356 imagining communities, 22 Provocative, 615 voice, collective, 15, 22, 28 Psychological realism, 33 Pop-culture, 618, 620 Psychological warfare, 25 Popular culture, 428, 434, 442, 445, Public anxiety, 377 610–612 Public Enemy (rap group), 61 Japanese. See under Kawaii Public Enemy, The (Wellman), 60 pre-wedding photos, 441 Public Toilet (Chan), 62 restaurant review, 441 Puchon Fantastic Film Festival, 192. See Popularization, 620 also Bucheon Fantastic Film Festival Populist Hollywood drama, 59 PURN Productions, 635 Portmanteau flm, 82. See also Anthology Pusan (Busan) International Film Festi- flm; Omnibus flm; Transauthorial val, 75. See also Busan International cinema Film Festival posht-e sahneh, 493 Pusan Film Festival, 192. See also Busan Post-Cold War, 23 Film Festival Postmodern, 375, 380, 386 Pusan Promotional Plan (PPP), 27, 75 Post-structuralism, 65, 66 Putonghua, 341 Postwar, 222–226, 228, 229, 231–234 Post-World War II, 16, 30–32 Poverty, 58, 60–66, 68 Q cinematic representation of, 57, 64, Qing (sentiment or affection), 396 65, 67, 69 Qingdao, 331, 337, 338 ethnicity, 60 Qingdao Oriental Movie Metropolis, 337 and race, 60 Qing dynasty, 377 Power, 18, 20, 24, 25, 27, 32, 40, 42, Qiu Yuen, 380 47, 48, 610, 624 Queer Hong Kong cinema, 559, hard, 31 562–564, 568 soft, 22, 31 Queer Korean cinema, 561 Prague Spring, 691 , 350 PRC flms, 329 Quine, Richard, 325 Présence Africanine, 42 Princess Yang Kwei-Fei, 345 Print capitalism, 22 R Private entrepreneurship, 332 Race. See Nonnormative whiteness The Private Eyes, 349 Radio Corporation of America (RCA), Prix de la mise en scène (Best Director 246, 251 Award), 34 Rahman, R., 137, 141 Producer culture, 611 Raising Silkworms (1977), 638 Producer’s festival, 25, 26 Rang De Basanti, 293, 300, 302 Producer-society, 610 Rapid Film, 345 Producer’s rights, 35 The Raid: Redemption, 377 Production, 203, 204, 212 Rashomon, 196, 197 Index 735

Ratner, Brett, 355–356, 378 Richie, Donald, 192 Ravished Armenia, 80, 81, 85 Rigid vertical hierarchies of obedience, , 330, 347 48 Rayns, Tony, 192 Riki, Takeuchi, 282, 285, 286, 288 Reactionary culture, 45 Ring, 205 Realism Rissei cinema, 228, 233 in flm, 60, 63 Road Runner, 380 Real-life, 610, 619 Road, The (Li), 63 Real, the (Lacan), 65 Robben, Antonius, 501, 502 The Rebel, 377 Robert Malcolm, 345 Reception, 203 Rocha, Glauber, 38 Reconfguration, 376 Rogers, Ginger, 380 Red 2, 481 : A Star Wars Story, 484 Red Army Roman porno, 63 “long march”, 692 Romantic, 623 1934-35 retreat, 692 Romeo Must Die, 378 Red Cliff (2008 flm), 115 Romero, George, 64 Red Guards, 308, 311, 312 Romina Productions, 344 Red, Raymond, 196 Rooy-e Sahneh, 493 Red Soil, 499 Rotterdam Film Festival, 196 Reevaluation, 375 Rouch, Jean, 42 Refğ, Halit, 151, 155, 157–159, 161, Rowe, Kathleen 162, 166 feminist appropriation of laughter, 544 Reforms, 612, 613, 623 unruly woman, 543 Refugee, 690–696, 698, 699, 701–705 Roy Chiao, 355 crisis, 693 Roy Ward Baker, 346 Region-centric, 16, 20 Rule of capitalist proft, 23 Regulators, 621 Rule of Confucian virtue, 23 Reifcation, 55 , 355, 356 Reinventing superpower, 617 Running Man, 335 Reinvention, 376 , 330, 343 Religion. See Christianity; Islam Rupture, 376 Renoir, Jean, 58 Rush Hour, 355, 356, 378 The Replacement Killers, 470–473 Rush Hour 2, 356, 378 Reputation, 610, 616 , 378 Residual Russia, 72, 73, 76, 81, 84 culture, 131–133 cultural practices, 131, 137 geography, 136 S Return of the Poet, The, 83 Sabu, Bunny Drop, 416, 418 Return of the repressed, the (Freud), 64 Sacred defense, 491, 494, 498–499, Revolutionary gendered performance, 500–505 490 Said, Edward, 622 “Revolution Will Not Be Televised, The” “orientalism”, 695 (Scott-Heron), 61 Saigon, 692 Reynolds, Burt, 351, 352 Salaryman, 459 Rich, B. Ruby, 571, 579 Sally Field, 352, 353 “The Crisis of Naming in Feminist Salokannel, Marjut, 35 Film Criticism”, 696 Samurai, 397, 398, 405 736 Index

Sand Pebbles, The, 325 Self-refection, 433–435 San Francisco, 24 critical, 433 Sanggye-dong Olympics (1988), 635, 638, Self-refexivity, 428, 432–436, 440, 445. 639, 641, 642, 645 See also Self-refection, critical Sang Hu, 329 Sembène, Ousmane, 41–44 Sangokujin (people of “the three coun- Senegal, 41–43 tries”), 401 Senghor, Léopold, 42 Sanrizuka series, 633, 636, 642 Sensational, 622 San Suu Kyi, 610 Senses, 74, 76, 80. See also Sensorium; Sas, Miryam, 140 Synesthesia Sassen, Saskia, 94 Sensorium, 71 Satō, Eisaku, 636, 642 Seoul, 631, 635, 638–644, 647 Satori Films, 618 Seoul Olympics. See Olympic Games Saudi Arabia, 79 sertão, 39 Saun Ellis, 354 Seventh art, 30, 33, 34, 48 Savalas, Telly, 353 cinema as, 30, 34, 48 Sayad, Cecilia, 435 Seventh art for enlightenment’s sake, 48 performative authorship, 434 Shadows, 140, 142–144 Sayadian, Aruthin, 77. See also Shadows of the Forgotten Ancestors, 77 Sayat-Nova Shah Rukh Khan Sayat-Nova, 77, 78. See also Sayadian, as actor, 652, 656, 663 Aruthin as brand, 652, 657, 658, 662, 664 Scale-making, 172–174, 178, 183, 185 Shanghai, 246, 247, 255, 264, 377, 378, Scales, 172, 173, 180 383 Scarface (Hawks), 60 Shanghai Calling (2012), 412, 420–424 Scatology Shanghai Film Festival, 193 in , 62, 65 Shanghai Film Group, 332 Schilling, Mark, 194, 406, 418 Shanghai International Film Festival, 26, Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 334 27 Scorsese, Martin, 60, 77 Shanghai Knights, 356 Scott-Heron, Gil, 61 Shanghainese, 341 Scott, Ridley, 346 Shanghai Noon, 356 Screening, 222–235 Shanghai progressive (left-wing) cinema, Screening rights, 32 59 Screenwrites Shaolin Wooden Men, 380 role of, 156 Sharp, Jasper, 196 Scud, 560, 562–568, 578. See also Shaw and Son, 330, 343, 355 Amphetamine (Scud) , 25, 377 Sean Connery, 381 Shawn Yue, 336 Seasonal Film Corporation, 350 Shaw Organisation, 329, 342 Second Congress of Black Writers and Shaw, Run, Run, Sir, 26 Artists, 43 Shek, Nika, 76 Second World War, 377 Shen Shiao-Ying, 694 Security masculinity, 495, 497 Shigeta, James, 477 Security Unlimited, 349 Shih Szu, 346 Seducing Mr. Perfect (2006), 412, 420, Shimazu, Yasujirō, 250 421, 424 Shimizu, Celine Parreñas, 469, 482, 483 See You Tomorrow (2016 flm), 109–120 Shin, Sang-ok, 26 Self-orientalism, 622 Shinjuku, 400, 403–406 Index 737

Shinjuku Black Society, 285 Soft power, 22, 31, 93, 202, 213, , 392, 400, 403, 404 609–612, 615–620, 622–624 Shinjuku Triad Society, 392, 400, 401, Chua, Beng Huat, 93 403 polls, 618 Shinkai, Makoto, 420 Solanas, Fernando, 39 Shōchiku, 247–252, 254, 264, 265 Soldier of Fortune, 325 Shohat, Ella, 503, 504, 689 Somersaults, 385, 386 Short flm, 427, 429, 430, 437 Song dynasty, 20 Shōwa Hassei Eiga, 250–256, 265 Sono, Sion, 196, 668, 679, 682–684 Siberia, 18 Soon-rye, Yim, 530, 532, 541–546, 552, Sidekicks, 378 553 Siggraph Sorrows of the Forbidden City, 330 Siggraph Asia, 130 Sotoudeh, Zahra, 498 The Silent Flower (Mono iwanu hana, Souls on the Road (Murata), 58 Tsutami Takeo, 1931), 255 Soundless Wind Chime (Kit Hung), 560, Silk Road, 18 563, 568, 569, 578 Simavi, Sedat, 153 Sound-on-flm, 246, 247, 249–251, Simulation, 62 254–256 Sindiély (1965), 42 South America, 331 Sinematek, 159, 160, 165 South Asia, 18, 20, 21, 29 Singapore, 18, 22, 24, 25, 28, 29, 329, South Asian American, 476, 477 331, 343, 347, 358 Southeast Asia, 18–22, 24, 29, 329, 343, Sinocentric, 30 347 Sinophone cinema, 562, 564, 568, 570, South East Asian Film Festival, The, 575, 578 25, 192. See also Asia-Pacifc Film , 211 Festival Sixième Regiment d’Artillerie Coloniale, renamed the Asian Film Festival, 25 43 Southeast Asian queer cinema Sixth Generation, 546 Indonesian queer cinema, 602 Slow violence, 675, 678 kathoey, 584, 592, 602 Smaill, Belinda, 694 waria, 602 Smokey and the Bandit, 351, 353 Southern Winds, 138 Smokey I, 352 South Island Smokey II, 352 West Coast, 460 Soap operas, 613 South Korea, 21–29, 47, 469, 470, 478, Social integration, 48 479, 483, 484, 529–531, 541, 543, Social justice, 48 545, 549, 609, 611–613, 615, 617, Social media, 204, 208, 210–212, 428, 618, 620, 621, 623, 625, 632, 638, 435, 438, 441, 442. See also Social 642, 643, 645, 646 media platforms Asian Film Market, the, 97, 98 Social media platforms, 428, 430 Busan, 97, 98 Social polarization, 48 Busan International Film Festival, the, Social renewal, 331 97 Social taboos, 614 flm industry, 90, 92 Societal development, 56 Korean Film Council, the (KOFIC), “society of the spectacle,” the (Debord), 98 62 South Korean flm, 612–615, 621, 623, Soft industries, 22 624 Southwest Asia, 78 738 Index

Soviet–Afghan War, 23 Structure vs. agency, 66 Soviet Union, 21, 24, 31 Stylo, 42, 43 Spectacle, 376, 383–386, 489, 501 Sub-genre, 378 Spectator Suderburg, Erika, 139 viewership, 222, 224, 232 Su Li, 329 Speculation, 21 Summer in Sanrizuka. See Battle Front Spielman, Yvonne, 136 for the Liberation of Japan: Summer Spiritualization of the poor, 59 in Sanrizuka, The (1968) Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 71, 73, 82 Summit, 334 “strategic essentialism”, 701 Sunac China, 361 Srinivas, S.V., 294 Sunac Holdings, 334 Stallone, Sylvester, 334 , 199 Stam, Robert, 503, 504, 689 Sundial Carved with a Thousand Years of , 355 Notches, The (1986), 638 Stardom Sung Kang, 478 as glamor, 654, 657, 658 Sun Hongbin, 334 as profession, 659 Sunny Luk, 336 as self-commodifcation, 651, 659 Sunseeker International, 334 Starlit, 336 Super Cop, 355 Starrett, Jack, 346 Supermen Against the Orient, 345 Stars, 207, 213 Supernatural flms, 29 stardom, 204, 208 Supraregionalism, 21 Star Trek Beyond, 340, 347 Surplus runaway profts, 31 State Administration of Foreign Survivalist logic, 28 Exchange (SAFE), 333 An/Sweet Bean (2015), 412 State Administration of Press, Publica- Synchrony, 55 tion, Radio, Film and Television Synesthesia, 74 (SAPPRFT), 340 State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television (SARFT), 546 T censorship, 547 Tadao, Sato, 270 State censorship, 154. See also Censorship Tagore, Rabindranath, 21 State feminism, 549 Tahimik, Kidlat, 174, 178 Steinberg, Marc, 197 Tai Kao-mei, 345 Stella Dallas (Vidor), 63 Taike (native Taiwanese style), 398, 399 Stereotypes, 622 Taipei, 391, 393–395, 397, 400–403, Steven, DeKnight, 338 405 Stevens, Stella, 346 , 18, 21, 22, 24–26, 28, 269, Stock characters, 377 285, 329, 336, 339, 341, 342, 344, Stockholm Film Festival, 193 358 Stock market crash of 1929, 59 Economic Cooperation Framework Stolen, 334 Agreement, the, 99 Storyline, 616, 617, 622 ethnic divide in, 392 The Story of Ah Q, 330 flm industry, 100 Story of , A (Ozu), 59 Japan’s colonization of, 398 Street Fighter, 385 modernization of, 394, 405 Street Kids Violence (Chin), 63 Republic of China, the (ROC), 91 Stringer, Julian, 193, 195 rivalry with mainland China, 391, 403, “structure of feeling” (Williams), 55 405 Index 739

Taipei, 100 flm, 436, 442 Taipei Golden Horse Awards cere- flmmaker, 436, 443 mony, the, 100 flm star. See Thailand, Patcha Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival, Poonpiriya the, 100 Patcha Poonpiriya, 434 Taiwan gangs, 391–393, 400, 402, 405 political context, 439 Taiwan International Documentary Film Thamrongrattanarit, Nawapol, 427, 431, Festival (TIDF), 182 433–436, 440, 445 Taiwan New Cinema, 393 Mary is Happy, Mary is Happy, 427, , 204, 205, 269, 281, 282, 431, 433, 435, 436, 442 284, 285, 289, 392, 401 Master, The, 436 , 212 Thermae, Romae, 197 Takeuchi Yoshimi, 636 Thematic ambiguity, 383 Takita, Yojiro, 416 Thematization, 68 Tamaiki, Saito, 290 Theme park, 385 Tamara Dobson, 346 , 284 Tang Dynasty, 379, 387 Third Cinema, 38–40, 45 tanka, 271–273 Third Sister Liu, 329 Taoist ideas, 377, 381 Third World, 38, 43–45 Tarantino, 376, 378, 379 “Third-World Literature in the Era Target audience, 610 of Multinational Capitalism” Tartan Asia Extreme, 202, 204–208 (Jameson), 67 Tasaka, Tomotaka, 196 Third Window Films, 201, 210 Technology, 269, 270, 287, 289 Third World movement, 21 new technologies, 133, 141 Thompson, J. Lee, 307, 309, 312 technological effects, 142 Threefold path to truth, 44 technological shadows, 140 Three Idiots (2009), 412–415 technologies of seeing, 139 Three Monkeys (Nuri Bilge Ceylan, 2008), Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, 340, 347 165 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Out of the Tian, Jing, 338, 357 Shadows, 340, 347 Tibet, 19, 692 Tekken, 385 Tien Ni, 346 Television shows, 21 , 336 Holdings, 332 , 346 , 121 Time Tenement flm, the, 58, 59 anti-capitalist experience of, 652, 661 Ten Years (2015 flm), 118 as investment, 657 Teo, Stephen, 171, 174, 176–178, 192, Timeless Bottomless Bad Movie (Jang), 62 193, 387 Timelessness, 622 Terminator: Genisys, 481 Timurid Empire, 18 Terracotta Distribution, 208 Timur (Tamurlane), 18 Terror-cotta, 208, 209 Ting, Emily, 420, 423, 424 Terracotta Film Festival, 195 Tin Shui Wai, 62 Tex Avery, 376 To Be Number One (Mak), 60, 61 Tezuka, Yoshiharu, 132, 134, 135, 144 Tōhō, 248, 249, 253, 254 Thai, 342, 344 Toho-Towa, 355 Thai kick-boxing, 376 Tokyo, 459–463, 613, 619, 620 Thailand, 342, 344 multiculturalism in, 392, 402 cinephile, 440 Taiwan gangs in, 392 740 Index

Tokyo-based cultural production, 132, Transnational cinema, 202, 213, 309, 134, 144 323, 324, 463 turf war in, 391 Transnational collaborations, 332, 337 Tokyo FilmEx, 192 Transnational flms’, 332 Tokyo International Film Festival (TIFF), Travolta, John, 338 26, 27, 192, 193 Trends, 609, 611, 613, 618, 619, 621, as test market for Hollywood block- 624 busters, 28 Triad, 392, 401 Tokyo Olympics. See Olympic Games Triad flms, 29 Tokyo Sonata (Kurosawa), 64 Triana, Eugenio, 95. See also Finney, (Tôkyô monogatari 1953), 23 Angus Tolantino, Rolando, 138 Tribute, 435 Tolerance, 18 Tricontinental Revolution, 39 Tom Dey, 356 “true crime” flms, 62 Tomorrow Never Dies, 378 Truffaut, François, 32–34 Tongbao (Compatriot), 255 Truman, Harry S., 25 Toossi, Javad, 490 Tsai Ming-liang, 569, 572, 576 Top Hat, 380 The Hole, 560, 573, 575, 576, 578 Toronto Film Festival, 199 Tsui, Hark, 193, 379 Totalization, 55, 66 The Tsunami and the Cherry Blosson A Touch of Sin (天注定, Tiān zhù dìng, (2012), 668, 670, 683 2013), 23 Tsukamoto, Shinya, 193, 211 A Touch of Zen, 377 Tucker, Chris, 355 Touchstone Pictures, 355 Tunisia, 44 Towira, Pimpaka, 142 Turan, Kenneth, 46 Tradition of Quality. See le cinéma de Turf war, 391, 395, 399, 400, 402, 403, papa 405 Tradition/traditional, 507–510, 512, Turkey, 17, 72, 74–76, 78, 79, 83 515, 517, 518, 522, 523, 525 Turkish cinema Tragedy of Karbala, 489, 490, 503 genres, 151, 152, 155, 164–166 Trailers, 203, 205–207 history of, 151–153, 161, 165 Trampoline, 383 periodization of, 151, 152 Transauthorial cinema, 82. See also themes, 154, 159, 165, 166 Anthology flm; Omnibus flm; Port- Turner Entertainment, 36 manteau flm TVB, 335, 349 Transcaucasia, 73, 78, 80 Transform, 376, 380, 386 Transformations, 375 U Transmedia Udine Far East Film Festival, 191, aesthetics, 432, 434, 435, 440, 444 194–196, 200 artwork, 431 Ukadike, Frank, 41 content, 431 Ullmann, Liv, 694 ecology, 428, 443 Ultimate Other flm, 429 Africa as, 41 Transnational, 375, 376, 379, 380, 387 Umeå Film Festival, 193 transnational documentaries, 689 Umbrella revolution, 439 transnational feminism, 704 Um, Jung-hwa, 421 transnational public sphere, 701 ummat, 490 Index 741

Unbecoming, 532, 533, 544, 545, 547, Vidor, King, 59 548, 551–553 Vietnam, 692–694 “becoming-woman”, 552 Vietnamese, 19 undoing. See Butler, Judith, 529 Vietnam language, 20 Uncanny, 669, 672, 676, 680, 681, 683, Vietnam War, 23, 307, 310 684 Vieyra, Paulin Soumanou, 41, 44 Underclass, the, 61 Village, 302, 303 Under Construction: New Dimensions of Village Roadshow, 336 Asian Art, 138 Villagers Documentary Project, 634 Underdevelopment, 37, 40 Viña del Mar, 37, 38 Unequal Treaties, 378 Virtue, 21 Unfair advantage, 31 Vitaphone, 246 Unijapan, 198 Vivian Lee, 384 Union Film, 65 Voltage Pictures, 333 United Arab Emirates, 79 United Artists, 344 (UK), 201–211, 213, W 215 Wachowski brothers’, 350 United States (US), 330, 333, 334, 337, waishengren (mainland Chinese), 393, 338, 348, 349, 351, 355, 356, 358, 394, 396, 399 360, 375, 376, 378, 379 Walker, Lucy, 668, 670–677, 683 Unruly woman, 543 Wanda, 329, 331–342, 357, 358, 360, Untold Story, The (Yau), 62, 65 361 Urban Council of Hong Kong, 26 Wanda Cinema Line, 335, 337 Urban renewal, 631, 640 Wanda-Legendary Pictures, 331 US Copyright Act of 1976, 37 Wanda Metropolitano, 361 US foreign policy, 25 Wanda Pictures, 331, 335–337, 340, 347 U.S. occupation of Japan, 536, 537, 540 Wang, Kara, 422 Uzbekistan, 25 Wang, Larry, 420 Uzkinay, Fuat, 153 , 336 Wang Yu, 345 Wani, Aarti, 300, 302 V Warcraft, 334 Vasey, Ruth, 31 waria, 602 Vatinyan, Mikayel, 74 War in Afghanistan, 23 Venice, 34, 43 Warner Brothers, 378 Venice Arts Biennale, 34 Warner Brothers–Ladd Company’s, 346 , 27, 34, 194, 196 The Warlord, 349 Vertical integration, 33 War on Terror, 23 Vertov, Dziga, 287, 316 warrior, 376, 377, 382, 383, 385–387, Vesoul International Film Festival of 492 Asian Cinema, 75 warrior masculinity, 490, 492–493, 495, VHS, 203, 204 496, 500 Viacom, 338 Warriors of Heaven and Earth, 379 Video Warsaw Pact, 24 mashup, 428, 444 Washington, Denzel, 470, 480 music, 434, 436 Watson Andaya, Barbara, 19, 21 viral, 427 Waugh, Scott, 334 YouTube, 428, 433 Way of the Dragon, 381 742 Index

Way We Are, The (Hui), 62 World of Suzie Wong, The, 325 Weber, Max, 61 “world republic of letters,” the (Casa- Website, 206, 208, 210 nova), 66 wen and wu, 483 World War II, 19, 23, 24, 31, 43, 619 western culture, 624 Wu, Wenguang, 180, 181, 634, 635 Western Electric (WE), 246, 250, 251, and 1966, My Time in the Red 253 Guards, 181 Western Europe, 38 and Bumming in Beijing—The Last Westernization, 22, 154, 160, 161 Dreamers, 181 Western modernity, 55 and China Village Self-Governance Westerns, 378, 380 Film Project, 181 West, Simon, 334 and Folk Memory Project, the, 181 whitewashing, 478 Wu’er Shan, 336 Wile E. Coyote, 380 wuxia, 614, 622, 623, 625 Willeman, Paul, 295 Wyckoff, Alvin, 252 Williams, Raymond, 55, 491 Wilson, Owen, 356 Wilson Yip, 379 X Winston, Brian, 640 Xala (1974), 42 Winston Chao, 337 Xi Jinping’s, 340, 414 The Winter Sleep (Nuri Bilge Ceylan, Xin Hua Film, 330 2011), 163 Xinjiang, 692 Winter Sonata, 280 Xinke Group, 332 wire work, 377 Wise, Robert, 325 “witnessing public”, 81 Y Wolf Totem (2015 flm), 120, 122 Yakuza, 392, 400–406 Wolof language, 42 Yakuza flm, the, 61, 197 women, 689, 690, 695–697, 699, Yam, Simon, 336 701–705 Yamagata International Documentary roles of and representation in cinema, Film Festival (YIDFF), the, 171, 57 192, 197, 634, 635 working class vs. middle class, 58 and Asian Documentary Filmmaker’s Wong Fei-hong, 383 Manifesto, the, 174 Wong, Joshua, 439. See also Umbrella and Asia Program, the, 179, 180 revolution and Asia Symposium, the, 171, 174 Wong, Kar-wai, 109–113, 115, 117, 119, and Tohoku, 174–176 120, 123, 193, 427, 428, 430, 431, and Yamagata, 173–176, 178, 179, 433–436, 438–443, 445, 564 183–185 Chungking Express, 428, 431, 433, Yamamoto, Yoshinobu, 92. See also Inter- 439 national relations In the Mood for Love, 427, 429, 431, Yan Fei, 336 433, 437, 438, 441, 442 Yang, Edward, 392–396 Wood, Natalie, 346 Yang Shu-shi, 345 Woo, John, 29, 61, 65, 193, 470, 471, Yang Ying, 335 473 Yasujiro, Ozu, 284, 535, 536 world cinema, 78, 79, 82, 689 Yau, Herman, 62 World Festival of Black Arts, 43 Yeh, Emily Yueh-yu, 28 Index 743

Yellow peril, 469, 473 Multi Culture Visual Festival, Yemen, 79 183. See also Yunfest Yen, Donnie, 484 Yuukoku 憂国, 281 Yerevan, Armenia, 74, 77, 78, 82–85 Yeşilçam (Green Pine), 155, 157, 163 genres, 163 Z Yi, Won Kon, 143 Zanan magazine, 503 YIDFF. See Yamagata International Doc- Zanryuu koji, 283 umentary Film Festival (YIDFF), the and the One-Armed Swordsman, Yimou, , 623 377 yiqi (brotherly bond), 400 Zedong, Mao, 533, 549 Yoda, Tomiko, 290 Zhang, Dali, 141 Yol (Serif Goren, 1981), 162, 164 , 357 , 560, 579 Zhang, Jiajia, 110, 111, 119 Yong Wah Studio, 330 Zhang Jinli, 631, 644, 645 Yoon Jin-yi, 336 Zhang, Taiyan (AKA Zhang Binglin), 21 Yoshimoto, Mitsuhiro, 245, 246 Zhang Shankun, 330, 331, 343 Yoshitaka, Mouri, 290 Zhang, Yimou, 331, 357, 359, 379 You Are the Apple of My Eye (2011), 412 Zhang Zhen, 336 Youth culture, 378 , 338 Youth gang, 391, 392, 396 Tianyu, 336 YouTube, 205–208 Zhao-Zhen, Yang, 285 You Were Like a Wild Chrysanthemum, Satellite Television’s (ZST), 269, 270, 279, 289 335, 336 Yuan Jun, 330 Zhong Kui Snow Girl and the Dark Crys- Yuan Yang’an, 330 tal, 336 Yubari Fantastic Film Festival, 192 Zhou Enlai, 314 Yu Benzhong, 293 Zhu Shilin, 330 Yuen, Woo-ping, 350, 378 zhuxuanlü (main melody), 546 Yugoslavia, 80 Zimmermann, Patricia, 689 Yu Hyun-Mok, 23, 59 Zinn, Howard, 60 Yu, Li, 530, 533, 546, 550, 552 Zipangu Festival, 191 Yukio, Mishima, 281 Zu Warriors, 379 Yun-fat Chow, 378 Zwart, Harald, 339 Yunfest, 182–185