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LIBYA COMPLEX EMERGENCY 8° 12° Original Map Courtesy24° of the UN Cartographic Section 0 100 200 mi 16° 20° The boundaries and names used on this map do !0 not imply official endorsement or acceptance 0 100 200 300 km by the U.S. Government. !0 Mediterranean TUNISIA Sea GREECE • A total of 434,939 people have Qarqanah Sfax7 !0 crossed into Tunisia as of May 25th • ~5,350 residing in transit sites in Ra’s Ajdir as of May 23th 34° • A total of 301,608 people have 34° 7 !0Djerba • ~1,497 residing in camps near the !0 Dahiba border as of May 23th crossed into Egypt as of May 25th !0 Ra’s Ajdir • ~540 residing in transit sites !0 Zawiyah Susah in Salloum as of May 24th Ben Gardane !0 Zuwarah !0 !0 4 Tripoli !0 7 !0 Al Bayda 7 Derna Remada 1 2 Khums Gulf Marj 7 Tataouine Aziziyah Zlitan Tobruk 3 5 !0 of 6 !0 Dahiba Benghazi Marsa Gharyan Misratah !0 7ALAL MARAJMARAJ Salloum RG EL JENEIN Yefran Sidra DERNADERNA Matruh E Wazin Bani Tarhunah Adam !0 Zintan N A F U S A Walid Nalut Sidi Omar J A B A L BENGHAZIBENGHAZI NALUTNALUT Surt Sinawin MISRATAHMISRATAH Ghadamis/ 7 Ajdabiya Fort Saint Debdeb Bin Jawwad Qaryah !0 Q AT U M M K I H J A U W A ash Sharqiyah Ras !0 Brega I N R I 30°Borj 7 Dirj D AT A 7 M 30° A M M A L H I M An Lanuf Messouda Ghadamis H A R A L Nawfaliyah Uqayla Jaghbub El Wahat ALAL JABALJABAL ALAL GHARBIGHARBI SURTSURT A L G E R I SIRTE DESERT Awjilah ALAL BUTNANBUTNAN Hun Waddan Jalu A total of 19,632 people Maradah GREAT SAND SEA have crossed into ALAL WAHATWAHAT Algeria as of May 25th Zillah E G Y P T WADIWADI ASHASH SHATISHATI Al Fuqaha LIBYAN DESERT Birak 7 ALAL JAFRAHJAFRAH Adiri (SAHARA) TIRINE PLAIN A L H A R U J SABHASABHA C K M O U N TA 7Sabha B L A I N S Awbari Tarat Tmassah GHATGHAT WADIWADI ALAL HAYATHAYAT 26° T 26° STAFA Umm al MA AK Marzuq Aranib Uwaynat AS Tazirbu M Zighan 7 Ghat Waw al Kabir Qatrun ALAL MURZUQMURZUQ Tin Alkoum A total of 27,068 people RABIANAH Madrusah have crossed into Chad SAND SEA Al Wigh Kufrah Tahrami as of May 25th Rabyanah Jawf INFORM IC AT T I M O U ALAL KAFRAHKAFRAH H IO E S N TA P S B I N A N I S R T U G N O I T E G Toummo U A total of 2,800 people S A A D KEY ID F have crossed into Sudan /DCHA/O Location of reported conflict in as of May 25th 22° recent days* A total of 68,867 people Awaynat 22° Location of formerly reported have crossed into Niger Ma'tan as Sarra conflict* as of May 25th Crossing Point/Transit Camp** Point of Departure*** Î! National Capital Major City CHAD Other City NIGER 7 Airport LIBYA !0 Sea Port KEY TO SHABIYAHS SUDAN Highway 1 AN NUQAT AL KHAMS Road 2 AZ ZAWIYAH 18° 18° *SOURCE: Various Media Reports 3 AL JAFARAH **SOURCE: OCHA, MapAction 4 TARABULUS ***SOURCE: OCHA, UNHCR Population Migration numbers from IOM 5 AL MARQAB 6 AL JABAL AL AKHDAR 05/26/11 12° 16° 20° 24°.

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Splendors of and Made Themselves Accessible for Questions.”
“Libya has some of the best Roman and Greek archaeological sites I’ve ever seen and they are not overrun with other tourists. Our leaders are excellent sources of information SplendorS of and made themselves accessible for questions.” “Excellent tour—the sites, people, libya guides and cultural experiences were wonderful. It’s a must see and March 16 – 30, 2011 (15 days) experience tour. Thanks for an out- October 19 – November 2, 2011 (15 days) standing experience.” Travel with Dr. Susan Kane, Director of the Cyrenaica Archaeological Project at Cyrene, Libya, and advisor to the Libyan Department of Antiquities. VISIT LIBYA’S SPECTACULAR UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES: • Spend a full day at Cyrene, one of the greatest ancient Greek city-states. Its vast ruins include the Temple of Zeus, which is larger than the Parthenon of Athens. • Admire the magnificent coastal site of Leptis Magna, one of the largest and Above, Leptis Magna’s 16,000 seat amphitheater overlooking the best-preserved Roman cities in the world. Mediterranean. Below, the theater at • Marvel at the Roman city of Sabratha, where the aquamarine sea surrounds Sabratha is considered one of the finest in the remains of partially excavated temples, houses and extensive baths. the Roman world. • Explore the legendary caravan city of Ghadames (Roman Cydamus). HISTORICAL & CULTURAL TREASURES • Discover Tripoli’s Arch of Marcus Aurelius, the Ahmad Pasha al Qaramanli Mosque, and lively souks with a myriad of wares. • Visit the traditional Berber village of Nalut, scenically situated alongside the Jabal Nafusa mountain range, where the Berber settlement dates back to the 11th century.
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The Western Desert Is Part of the Driest Region on Earth, Where The
Chapter 10 WIND PAÏTtiKNS IN THK WESTERN DEbERT FARUUK EL-ÜAZ and R. W. WOLFE cJational Air and Space Museum Smitnsonian Institution Washington, D.C. 2Û30U AtíSTKAüT The Western Desert is part of the driest region on Earth, where the inaident solar radiation is capable of eva- porating 200 times the amount of precipitation^ For this reason wind is the main agent of erosion and deposition in a sompletely eolian environment. Data on wind velocity and direction are analysed in this paper to establish their relationships to sand transport and orientation of dunes. Surface wind data are swrmarized for 42 meteorological sta- tions between 15° and 35° N latitude and 15° and 41° E longitude. The summaries are presented in the form of graphs showing the patterns of sand-moving winds in wind roses, sand-drift potential in resultants, and streamlines. The basic patterns agree with the overall southward, direc- tion of prevailing wind, and thus of general sand transport directions. Variations from this general pattern are believed to be due to interaction between the wind and local topography. Prevailing wind directions in the Western Desert are also analyzed in terms of seasonal wind cir- culation patterns in North Africa. Because of the scarcity of data, it is recommended that automated meteorological stations be used to gather information cm local winds in the open desert, particularly in the southwestern part, which is important for analog correlations with Mars, INTKUUÜLTIOLSI As part of the eastern Sahara, the Western Desert is one of the driest places on Earth, The "aridity index" of much of this desert is 200, Which means tnat the incident solar energy is capable of eva- porating 2U0 times the amount of precipitation received (Henning and Fiohn, 1977).
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Sailing the Great Sand Sea
People and Place Curriculum Resources on Human-Environmental Interactions Hemispheres is a joint project of: Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies Center for Middle Eastern Studies Center for Russian, East European & Eurasian Studies South Asia Institute in the College of Liberal Arts at The University of Texas at Austin Hemispheres People and Place Curriculum Resources on Human-Environmental Interactions Primary Authors: Natalie Arsenault, Outreach Coordinator Teresa Lozano Long Institute of Latin American Studies Christopher Rose, Outreach Coordinator Center for Middle Eastern Studies Allegra Azulay, Outreach Coordinator Center for Russian, East European & Eurasian Studies Jordan Phillips, Outreach Coordinator South Asia Institute People and Place Curriculum Resources on Human-Environmental Interactions Final Version Original Compilation Date: June 2005 Final Publication Date: April 2007 Permission is granted to reproduce this unit for classroom use only. Please do not redistribute this unit without prior permission. For more information, please see: http://www.utexas.edu/cola/orgs/hemispheres/ Permission to include copyrighted materials in this unit is indicated in citations. sailing the great sand sea TEACHER NOTES GOALS In this unit, students will understand the ways in which North African traders were able to adapt to the harsh environment of the Sahara desert in order to extract natural resources and engage in trans-desert trade for economic gain. They will understand: (1) the factors that deﬁne a desert and the diﬀerent types of deserts; (2) that the introduction of the camel to North Africa provided a solution that made trans-Saharan trade possible; and (3) the natural resources available in the desert and the advantages to be had from harnessing them.
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Geographical Setting 7
Chapter 2 Geographical Setting 7 2 Geographical Setting 2.1 Outlines and location The study area of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System covers the majority of the Eastern Sahara area and extends from140 – 300 N, and 190 – 340 E, about 1,670 km length and 1,600 km wide at its longest and widest parts, respectively (Figure 2.1). The Sahara is the largest desert in the world, encircling almost all of northern Africa (Figure 2.1). Covering an area of about 9,065,000 km2, that forms about one tenth of Africa’s area (White 1983). The Sahara is diagonally split into a western and an eastern part by a series of highlands. The Eastern Sahara is usually further divided into three regions (Williams and Faure 1980): the Libyan Desert, which extends west from the Nile valley through eastern Egypt and northern Sudan, and eastern Libya; the Arabian Desert, or Eastern Desert, which lies between the Nile valley and the Red Sea in Egypt; and the Nubian Desert, which lies in northeastern Sudan (Figure 2.2). The Eastern Sahara has an area that roughly exceeds 2 million km2. The whole area described above is composed of one huge, unbroken tract of true desert area which is characterized by extreme aridity. The only slight exceptions are the narrow littoral zone extending along the Mediterranean Sea and the most southern margins of the area that receive scanty amounts of rainfall, seasonal irregular runoff, and poor, scattered plant cover. The only islands of life in the interior of this desert are represented by the oases regions, which are located in a series of depressions in the desert plateau and owe their existence exclusively to the groundwater resources.
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Spectroscopic Integrated Method in the Way Towards the Search of The
macla nº 16. junio ‘12 70 revista de la sociedad española de mineralogía Spectroscopic Integrated Method in the Way Towards the Search of the Origin of Libyan Desert Glass / LETICIA GOMEZ-NUBLA (1*), JULENE ARAMENDIA (1), SILVIA FERNÁNDEZ-ORTIZ-DE-VALLEJUELO (1), KEPA CASTRO (1), AINHOA ALONSO-OLAZABAL (2), Mª CRUZ ZULUAGA (2), LUIS-ÁNGEL ORTEGA (2) XABIER MURELAGA (3) JUAN-MANUEL MADARIAGA (1). (1 ) DEpartment of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country. Bº SarriEna s/n. 48940, Leioa (Spain) (2) DEpartment of Mineralogy and Petrology, UnivErSity of thE BaSquE Country. Bº Sarriena s/n. 48940, LEioa (Spain) (3) DEpartament of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology , University of the Basque Country. Bº Sarriena s/n. 48940, LEioa (Spain) I NTRODUCTION Desert Glass was analyzed by Raman the brownish inclusions were not spectroscopy. For this purpose the discerned, whereas whitish inclusions The Libyan Desert Glass (LDG) is a melt samples were sliced making easier the could be easily perceived. product whose origin is a controversy. measurements. Besides, in this way, Microscopically, it could be noticed little Some authors mention that this inclusions trapped in the interior side of dark inclusions. m aterial could be produced due to a the LDG could be studied. high-temperatu re impact of a space Raman spectroscopy allows determining m aterial into the sand (impactite). Some Raman spectroscopy is suitable for the mineral phases of the inclusions. others consider that the LDGs are the these prized materials. This is a non- Comparing the results obtained from the result of an airburst of a meteoroid, destructive technique, therefore it is inclusions of the surface and those s ince there is a lack of crater (Swaenen, possible the identification of the obtained from the inner inclusions, it et al., 2010).
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A 2003 Expedition Into the Libyan Desert Glass Strewn Field, Great Sand Sea, Western Egypt
Large Meteorite Impacts (2003) 4079.pdf A 2003 EXPEDITION INTO THE LIBYAN DESERT GLASS STREWN FIELD, GREAT SAND SEA, WESTERN EGYPT. Christian Koeberl1, Michael R. Rampino2, Dona A. Jalufka1, and Deborah H. Winiarski2. 1Department of Geological Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, A-1090, Austria, (chris- [email protected]), 2Earth & Environmental Science Program, New York University, 100 Washington Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA ([email protected]). Introduction: Libyan Desert Glass (LDG) is an partly digested mineral phases, lechatelierite (a high- enigmatic type of natural glass that is found in an area temperature mineral melt of quartz), and baddeleyite, a with an extension of several thousand square kilometers. high-temperature breakdown product of zircon. Literature values on the extent vary between about 2000 The rare earth element abundance patterns are and 6500 km². This area, or strewn field, is located indicative of a sedimentary precursor rock, and the trace between sand dunes of the southwestern corner of the element abundances and ratios are in agreement with an Great Sand Sea in western Egypt, near the border to upper crustal source. There is a similarity between LDG Libya. Therefore, the name "Libyan" Desert Glass is not major and trace element abundances and Sr and Nd entirely correct, given today’s geographical boundaries, isotopic compositions and the respective values for rocks but refers to the traditional name of the desert. P.A. from the B.P. and Oasis impact structures in eastern Clayton was the first to travel the region in the early Libya, but lack of age information for the two Libyan 1930s and to collect glass samples that were used to structures precludes a definitive conclusion.
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Ancient and Modern Egypt and Israel,- June 20-22, 1991
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 350 210 SO 022 346 TITLE Compendium of Curriculum Projects for 1991 Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program: Ancient and Modern Egypt and Israel,- June 20-22, 1991. INSTITUTION Institute of International Education, New York, N.Y. SPONS AGENCY Center for International Education (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 92 NOTE 318p.; Some materials may not reproduce clearly. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Teaching Guides (For Teacher)(052) EDRS PRICE MFO1 /PC13 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Area Studies; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; *Global Approach; Instructional Materials; *Multicultural Education; Social Studies; Study Abroad; *Teacher Developed Materials; Travel IDENTIFIERS *Egypt; Fulbright Teacher Exchange Program; *Israel; Middle East ABSTRACT These curriculum projects were produced by teachers who traveled to Egypt and Israel as part of the Fulbright-Hays Seminars Abroad Program. The materials developed by the educators were: Activities and Bibliography of Resources to Promote Student Involvement in a Class Study of Egypt and Egyptian Culture (Edith Baxter); Egypt at the Crossroads of Civilization: The Old Ways Change (Charlotte Nasser Byrd); A Comprehensive Unit on Israel for Sixth Graders Using the Five Themes of Geography (Joy Campbell; Janet Rinehart); Jerusalem: City of Peace (Frances S. Dubner; Bella Frankel); Eight-Year Old Mohammed Travels the Nile--Primary Grades Curriculum on Egypt (Monty Hawks); Taking Many Steps through Ancient and Modern Israel and Egypt (Tonya Houser); Lesson Plan: The Rise of Nazism and World War II--Stereotyping and the Holocaust (Jim Kelly); Promote International Understanding (Cynthia Kinstler); The Israeli-Palestinian Resolution: Homeland or Occupied Territory? (Bruce E. MaClean; Kelly A. Smith); Curriculum Project--Egypt (Kristine K.
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Insularity and Island Identity in the Oases Bordering Egypt's Great Sand
INSULARITY AND ISLAND IDENTITY IN THE OASES BORDERING EGYPT’S GREAT SAND SEA Ellen F. Morris Offered to Kent Weeks with a great deal of fondness and with many thanks to him for being such an inspiring teacher and friend. n 2004, at a conference held on the island of Rhodes, Bernard Knapp delivered a fascinating paper entitled "Insularity and identity in the prehistoric Mediterranean" I(published as KNAPP 2007). The paper was essentially a meditation on the degree to which the lived experience of inhabiting an island in prehistory matched up to the potent expectations set up by the metaphor of insularity that islands have engendered. Odysseus’ epic journey homeward from the Trojan war—in which he moored at innumerable islands and found each possessed of its own character and particularized deviation from expected reality—has helped shape the Western romantic notion of islands as strange and unexpected places. But such a notion extends far further back in the human experience. One Middle Kingdom papyrus, for instance, tells the tale of a sailor who, after a particularly YLROHQWVWRUPZDVFDVWDVKRUHRQDQLVODQGULFKLQÀJVDQGJUDLQPHORQVRIDOONLQGVLQÀVKDQG birds (PARKINSON 1997: 92-98). Inhabiting this island paradise was an awe-inspiring, gigantic serpent, who demanded to know of the sailor, "Who brought you? Who brought you, young man? Who brought you to this island of the sea, with water on all sides?" Upon learning that the sailor had been delivered to the island by a wave of the sea, the serpent reassured him, "Fear not, young man… Look, God has let you live, and has brought you to this island of the spirit; there is nothing which is not within it." The snake then informed him that he would be rescued after a space of four months and cautioned him that "once it happens that you have left this place, you will never see this land again, which will have become water." The tale of the shipwrecked sailor demonstrates that the Egyptians viewed islands as landscapes imbued with fantasy and intrigue more than a millennium before Homer composed The Odyssey.
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Geological Heritage As a New Kind of Natural Resource in the Siwa Oasis
Journal of African Earth Sciences 144 (2018) 151e160 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of African Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jafrearsci Geological heritage as a new kind of natural resource in the Siwa Oasis, Egypt: The first assessment, comparison to the Russian South, and sustainable development issues Emad S. Sallam a, Ahmed K. Abd El-Aal b, c, Yury A. Fedorov d, Olessia R. Bobrysheva e, * Dmitry A. Ruban e, a Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Farid Nada Street 15, Benha, 13518, Egypt b Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Najran University, King Abdulaziz Road, P.O Box 1988, Najran, 1988, Saudi Arabia c Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit, 71524, Egypt d Department of Physical Geography, Ecology, and Nature Protection, Institute of Earth Sciences, Southern Federal University, Zorge Street 40, Rostov-on- Don, 344090, Russia e Department of Business in Hospitality Sphere, Higher School of Business, Southern Federal University, 23-ja linija Street 43, Rostov-on-Don, 344019, Russia article info abstract Article history: Discovering new natural resources is important for sustainable development of remote oases in arid Received 31 January 2018 regions of Africa and the Middle East. The first comprehensive assessment of geological heritage of the Received in revised form Siwa Oasis in the northwestern part of Egypt is based on field inventory of potentially unique geological 8 April 2018 features and analysis of literature data. Comparison to similar features in the other parts of Egypt and the Accepted 11 April 2018 world, including the Russian South, is essential to evaluate the uniqueness of the described geological Available online 13 April 2018 phenomena.
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Satellite Observations of the Interplay Between Wind and Water Processes in the Great Sahara
Satellite Observations of the Interplay between Wind and Water Processes in the Great Sahara Farouk ECBaz Abstract Although the Sahara is now hyperarid and is subjected to Images of the Great Sahara of North Africa obtained by the the action of strong winds from the north, geographical, geo- Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), manned logical, and archaeological evidence indicate that it hosted wet- missions, and Landsat show regional linear patterns of sand ter climates in the past (e.g., Said, 1997).Pre-historic archaeo- dunes resulting from wind action. These patterns trend logical sites are mainly concentrated along shores of palaeo- southward in the northern part and southwestward in the lakes. Surface water during wet climates must have been center of the desert. Radar data from the Spaceborne Imaging responsible for the erosion, transportation, and deposition of Radar [SIR-C) and Radarsat reveal sand- buried courses of sand in inland basins (El-Baz, 1998). It follows that these palaeo-channels that lead to depressions, which enclose major basins would have stored much of the water in the underlying sand accumulations. Interpretation of these data suggests that porous sandstone rocks and their fracture zones (Bisson and the sand originated in the southern part of the Sahara and El-Baz, 1991). During dry conditions that alternated with the was carried northward in river courses during past wet climates wet climate episodes, aeolian activities resulted in the forma- to be deposited within inland lakes. Prior to the onset of tion of a variety of sand dunes and sand sheets. dryness, and the resulting aeolian forms, much of the water The objective of this study was to investigate the causes of would have seeped into the substrate through primary (rock) localization of large accumulations of sand in the Great Sahara.
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First Landing for Dragonfly: Namib, Sahara and Arabian Desert Analogs for Flat Interdunes on Titan
49th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2018 (LPI Contrib. No. 2083) 1647.pdf FIRST LANDING FOR DRAGONFLY: NAMIB, SAHARA AND ARABIAN DESERT ANALOGS FOR FLAT INTERDUNES ON TITAN. R. D. Lorenz1, J. W. Barnes2, S. Mackenzie1, C. D. Neish3,4, J. Radebaugh5, A. Le Gall6, E. P. Turtle1, D. S. Adams1, J. W. Langelaan7 and the Dragonfly Science Team 1Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD. 2University of Idaho, Moscow, ID. 3Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ. 4University of Western Ontario, Lon- don, ON. 5Brigham Young University, Provo, UT. 6LATMOS, Paris, France. 7Penn State University, University Park, PA. Introduction: Titan is flat. While this is of course to survey potential target areas and return to the first a generalization to which there are obvious exceptions, known safe site. An obvious first target after sampling it is evident from the millions of topographic measure- interdune material (typically gravel) is the pure sand ments [1] by Cassini's RADAR that the terrain height composition of shallow dune plinths, likely accessible variations [2] on Titan are overall small compared with on ~1-km scales [10]. the terrestrial planets, and regional slopes are similarly modest. Dragonfly: The most astrobiologically interesting areas on Titan (cryovolcanic flows and impact melt sheets [3]) may have complex terrain, but a mission with aerial mobility such as Dragonfly [4,5] has the capability to reconnoiter these areas before committing to landing there. The 2007 APL-led Titan Flagship [6] study (which outlined much of the science background pursued by Dragonfly) designated the Belet equatorial sand sea as a large, safe target landing zone that would be relative- ly clear of rock and gully hazards.
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Egypt – Siwa Oasis (Chapter)
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Siwa Oasis & the Western Desert Why Go? Al-Kharga Oasis ............ 281 Older than the Pyramids, more sublime than any temple, Al-Kharga ...................... 281 Egypt’s Western Desert stretches from the Nile and the Dakhla Oasis .................287 Mediterranean to the Sudanese and Libyan borders, rolling Mut ................................288 far into Africa, oblivious to any lines drawn on the map. It’s a place of elemental beauty as alluring as it is forbidding, Farafra Oasis .................294 where massive sand dunes ripple and swell, sunsets sear the Qasr al-Farafra ..............294 sky, and wind sculpts rock into surreal works of art. White Desert .................296 Amid this intense landscape, ﬁ ve major oases rise like Black Desert ................. 297 islands of greenery, where ﬂ ourishing palm plantations en- Bahariya Oasis ..............298 gulf crumbling medieval towns that were once important Bawiti ............................298 outposts along ancient caravan routes. Far from the hassle Siwa Oasis .....................304 and hustle of the touristic Nile Valley, they’re among the Qara Oasis..................... 316 best spots in the country to glimpse rural Egyptian life – or just slow down, snack on locally grown dates and olives, Great Sand Sea ............. 316 and swim in natural hot and cold springs in the middle of a desert. Best Places to Eat When to Go » Kenooz Siwa (p 313 ) Siwa » Abdu’s Restaurant (p 313 ) °C/°F Te m p Rainfall inches/mm » Al-Babinshal Restaurant 50/122 2.4/60 (p 313 ) 2.0/50 40/104 1.6/40 30/86 Best Places to 1.2/30 Stay 20/68 0.8/20 10/50 0.4/10 » Camping in the White 0/32 0 Desert (p 296 ) J FDNOSAJJMAM » Shali Lodge (p 311 ) Sep–Oct It’s hot Dec–Feb Jun–Aug » Adrére Amellal (p 312 ) but not brutal, Pleasant daytime Ridiculously hot; » Under The Moon Camp and dates are temperatures low seasons see (p 304 ) being give way to cold fewer tourists and » Al Tarfa Desert Sanctuary harvested.
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