Introduction to Policing PERCEPTIONS VERSUS REALITY Chernoh Wurie Virginia Commonwealth University SAN DIEGO Bassim Hamadeh, CEO and Publisher Mary Jane Peluso, Senior Specialist Acquisitions Editor Alisa Munoz, Project Editor Celeste Paed, Associate Production Editor Jess Estrella, Senior Graphic Designer Greg Isales, Licensing Associate Natalie Piccotti, Director of Marketing Kassie Graves, Vice President of Editorial Jamie Giganti, Director of Academic Publishing Copyright © 2020 by Cognella, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re- printed, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information retrieval system without the written permission of Cognella, Inc. For inquiries regarding permissions, translations, foreign rights, audio rights, and any other forms of reproduc- tion, please contact the Cognella Licensing Department at
[email protected]. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Cover image copyright© 2010 iStockphoto LP/Chris_Fisher. Printed in the United States of America. 3970 Sorrento Valley Blvd., Ste. 500, San Diego, CA 92121 Taking into consideration the various life-altering unfortunate events that have transpired between police and the community members they serve, as an advocate of social justice and change, I am dedicating this book to a twofold foundation. First, I am dedicating this book to those brave individuals that are currently serving as law enforcement officers in all levels and especially those that have lost their lives in the line of performing their sworn duties.