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The nutritional value and toxic properties of buffalo gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima) plant. Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Fellah, Abdulmunam Mohamed. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 24/09/2021 11:49:37 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185245 INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. 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Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. U-M-I University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 USA 313 761-4700 800521-0600 Order Number 9111932 The nutritional value and toxic properties of buffalo gourd ( Cucurbita foetidissima) plant Fellah, Abdulmunam Mohamed, Ph.D. The University of Arizona, 1990 U·M·I 300 N. Zeeb Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48106 THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND TOXIC PROPERTIES OF BUFFALO GOURD (CUCURBITA FOETIDISSIMA) PLANT by Abdulmunam Mohamed Fellah A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the COMMITTEE ON NUTRITIONAL SCIENCES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 199 0 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2 GRADUATE COLLEGE As members of the Final Examination Committee, we certify that we have read the dissertation prepared by _____A_B_D_U_LMUN ___AM ___ M_. __ F_E_L_LA __ H__________________ __ entitled THE NUTRITION VALUE AND TOXIC PROPERTIES OF BUFFALO GOURD (CUCURBITA FOETIDISSIMA)------------------------------- PLANT. and recommend that it be accepted as fUlfilling the dissertation requirement for the Degree of Ph.D. ~LJ(j~~- Dr. CHARLES WEBER Date ...../ --Z:4ddJLFD~ RALPH PRICE 1/ lit. / /??GJ Date I Date Date ~S~GNER~ Date j Final approval and acceptance of this dissertation is contingent upon the candidate's submission of the final copy of the dissertation to the Graduate College. I hereby certify that I have read this dissertation prepared under my direction and recommend that it be accepted as fulfilling the dissertation requirement. Dissertation Director Date ./ 3 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This dissertation has been submitted in partial fulfillment of requirement for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this dissertation are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the Dean of the Graduate College when in his or her judgement the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. SIGNED: 4 "0 MY LORD! ADVANCE ME IN KNOWLEDGE" To my sons YAMEN, MOHAMED ANASS, AND SOHAIB whom are allurements of my life in this world. 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author gratefully acknowledges with sincere regard Dr. Charles W. Weber, for his simultaneously acting as major advisor and monitor. All of the rough times encountered during the course of graduate study are eased by his directions, efforts, advice and understanding. I would like to express my sincere thanks to Drs. J. Berry, T. Wegner, J. Schuh, and R. Hiliwg for their time, expertise and attention. A special thanks to Pete Kolhepp for his assistance in analytical work. My Special thanks to Drs. W. Brown and R. Price for serving as a Committee member during the final defence of my dissertation. I am also grateful to Dr. David Lei for his thoughtful attention. I will always be grateful to my family and my wife's family for their emotional and financial support and to my brother Gamal for his encouragement. Finally, lowe my wife, Safinaz Hemdani, a debt more than I can repay who has demonstrated continued faith in me throughout the duration of my graduate study which both of us might consider to be an endless career. Her love and encouragement helped endure the challenge. Today is our 13th Anniversary and I am very grateful for her patient and support and most of all for the countless things she does to make our family life easier especially with three children and a preoccupied husband. I could not have done it without her. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . 9 LIST OF TABLES 10 ABSTRACT 12 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 14 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 19 Historical Aspects 19 Morphological Aspects 20 Buffalo Gourd Seeds 23 Buffalo Gourd Roots • • • • • .J • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 34 Buffalo Gourd Foliage · . 37 Buffalo Gourd Silage . 38 Cucurbitacins . 40 Research Purpose 42 3. THE NUTRITIONAL AVAILABILITY AND TOXIC AFFECT OF THE BUFFALO GOURD VINE ON MOUSE .•..•••••.•• 44 Introduction 44 Material and Methods . 47 Diet Preparation · . 49 Animal Experiment . 52 Experimental Design 54 Results and Discussion . 56 Conclusion . 68 7 4. THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND TOXIC EFFECT OF BUFFALO GOURD SEEDS FED TO CHICKS •••.••.•••••• 69 Introduction 69 Material and Methods •.•••.•..•.....•.•..•. 71 Diet preparation .................... 71 Animal Experiment •••••••••.••••••••.. 74 Experimental Design •.••...••••...•.•• 75 Results and Discussion •••••.••.•.•••.••.•• 77 Conclusion ............................... 85 5. THE EFFECT OF BUFFALO GOURD SEEDS AND SEED COMPONENTS ON GROWTH AND ITS TOXIC PROPERTIES IN CHICKS ••...•.•...•.•.••••••••••••..•••••••. 86 Introduction 86 Material and Methods •..••..••••.•.•••.•••• 89 Diet Preparation ••..••.••.••.•••••.•. 89 Experimental Design •.•.•••••••.•••••. 92 Animal Experiment ••••••.••••••••••••• 92 Results and Discussion .•.•••••.•••.•..•.. 95 Conclusion ............................... 103 6. TOXIC PROPERTIES OF BUFFALO GOURD ROOTS ON GROWTH OF CHICKS ......••••.•••.•••.••.••••.•.. 105 Introduction . 105 Material and Methods 107 Diet Preparation . 109 statistical Analysis •••.••••.•••••••• 111 Animal Experiment .....•••..••..••.••. 111 Results and Discussion •••.•••..•.•.••..•• 112 8 Conclusion . 119 7. PALATABILITY OF BUFFALO GOURD SILAGE FED TO CALVES ..•..... 118 Introduction . 118 Material and Methods . 120 Silage Preparation . 120 Animal Trial • • • • • 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 124 Results and Discussion 125 SUMMARY . 129 APPENDICES . 133 LIST OF REFERENCES . 141 9 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Preparation of the Vine Batches, laboratory scheme ••••••••.•.••••••..••••. 50 Figure 2. Mouse body weight related to the treatment diets of BG vines ••••...••...•• 59 Figure 3. Mouse feed intake related to the treatment diets of BG vines •••••...•••••. 60 Figure 4. Relationship between the treatment of diet residues and mouse body weight •....• 62 Figure 5. Mouse body weights related to BG vine extractions ............................... 66 Figure 6. Effect of feeding BG seeds on chicks body weight gains ••••••••••••••••..•.•..•• 79 Figure 7. Effect of feeding BG seeds on chicks feed intake ............................... 80 Figure 8. Relationship between concentration of BG seeds in diet and feed intake and body weight of chicks .•...•.....••.•....•• 82 Figure 9. Effect of either feeding BG seeds or seed components on body weight of chicks •..•.•• 89 Figure 10. Effect of either feeding BG seeds or seed components on feed intake of chicks .•...•• 99 Figure 11. Preparation of BG root treatments .••....•• 108 Figure 12. Body weight gain of chicks related to the treatment diets of BG roots ••••.•.••.• 115 10 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Characteristics of various crude vegetable oils ................................... 27 Table 2. Chemical analysis of the BG plant •••••• 29 Table 3. The ingredients of the ration formulation as a percentage of the total diet ••••••. 50 Table 4. The model procedure and the dependent variables of the vine diets •••••••.••••. 55 Table 5. Means of mouse performance on BG vine, vine treatments and alfalfa diets as compared to whole egg standard •••.••.••.••.•.••.•.•• 57 Table 6. Composition of experimental diets as

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