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Recent Major Bridges in Korea Summary 1. Introduction
Recent Major Bridges in Korea Hyun-Moo KOH Jinkyo F. CHOO Professor Assistant Professor Seoul National University Konkuk University Seoul, Korea Seoul, Korea [email protected] [email protected] Hyun-Moo Koh, born 1952, Jinkyo F. Choo, born 1968, received his BS and MS in civil received his civil engng. engng. from Seoul Nat’l Univ. degree from the Univ. Libre of and his Ph.D. from the Univ. of Bruxelles and his Ph.D. from Illinois at Urbana Champaign. Seoul National Univ. He is currently chair of the Korean Group of IABSE. Summary During a relatively short period, bridge technology in Korea has recognized outstanding development. Owing to the governmental policy aiming to achieve balanced regional development, unprecedented bridge construction activities are conducted in the peninsula, especially in the southwestern coast to link some of the 3,000 islands with the mainland. Korean bridge engineers are now designing and constructing bridges using domestic technology, which has today reached a level enabling to realize the erection of numerous sea-crossing bridges counting among the longest in the world like Incheon cable-stayed bridge (main span 800m) and Gwangyang suspension bridge (main span 1545m). This paper reviews the evolution of modern bridge construction in Korea and presents major bridges recently erected or to be built. R&D programs dedicated to the advancement of bridge technology are also introduced. Keywords: bridge technology; sea-crossing bridges; cable-supported bridges; R&D programs. 1. Introduction Despite of its short history of 40 years, the Korean bridge technology recognized outstanding development. The construction of bridges was at first involved as social infrastructure supporting the series of 5-year plans of the governmental policy since 1962 aiming to boost the economy of the country. -
Aloha Korea Tour
Orient Travel Inc. 745 Keeaumoku St., #202 Honolulu, HI 96814 ! ! ! ALOHA KOREA TOUR - 6N/8D! - Guided by David Lim DAY Schedule Meal HOTEL D1 Honolulu International Airport L, D - Served in Flight WED Meet at airport by 9:30am Asiana Airlines OZ231 Departing 11:40am NON-STOP D2 Arriving 4:20pm at Incheon Int’l Airport D - Bulgogi Manu Hotel OR THU Depart to Seoul similar Hotel Check-in Free Time D3 Gangnam Hallyu Center B - Hotel Buffet Gunsan Best FRI Samsung D’light L - Steamed Chicken Western OR similar Depart to Gunsan D - Ssambap Gunsan Fish Market Buan Beach Saemangeum - World’s Longest Seawall Hotel Checkin D4 Depart to Jeonju B - Hotel Buffet Jeonju Rivera Hotel SAT Hanji paper making L - Bibimbap OR similar Taekwondo performance D - Jeonju Tradtional Korean drum experience Dinner Traditional Hanok Village - Hotel Checkin D5 Hotel Checkout B - Bean-sprout Soup Manu Hotel OR SUN Jinahn Maisan Temple L - Kalbi Soup similar Depart to Suwon D - Pork Belly KBS Suwon Drama Set Han River cruise Hotel Check-in D6 N. Seoul Tower B - Hotel Buffet Manu Hotel OR MON Gwanghwamun Square L - Black bean Sauce similar Cheonggyecheon Stream Noodle Blue House D - Ssamgaetang Gyeongbokgung Palace (Chicken Stew) Live Show - Nanta OR similar D7 Free Day OR Shopping B - Hotel Buffet Manu Hotel OR TUE Insadong L - Tonkatsu similar Myeongdong Market D - Beef Yakiniku Itaewon Market TENT BAR - Tour members party D8 Hotel Checkout B - Hotel Buffet WED DMZ Area Tour L - Roast Duck Imjinkak/Dorasan Station/The 3rd Tunnel D - At the airport Incheon International Airport Asiana Airlines OZ232 8:00pm - 10:10am NON-STOP Arrival at Honolulu Int’l Airport Itinerary subject to change due to weather, traffic and unforeseen circumstances Office: (808) 944-3822 Fax: (808) 944-4680 Email: [email protected] Orient Travel Inc. -
South Korea Emission Control Area To: All Overseas Clients The
PATRIOT MARITIME COMPLIANCE, LLC 31 December 2019 PMC CLIENT ADVISORY 27-2019 Subject: South Korea Emission Control Area To: All Overseas Clients The Republic of Korea (South Korea) recently announced that there are several emission control programs going into effect that will supplement the IMO’s reduction of sulphur in fuel oil to five percent on 01 January 2020. This announcement was provided by the Eastern Shipping Company LTD in South Korea. Beginning: 17 December 2019 – Voluntary speed reduction zone in five major ports for certain ship types. 01 September 2020 – Mandatory use of 0.1% sulphur fuel while berthed or anchored at certain ports. 01 January 2022 – Mandatory use of 0.1% sulphur fuel while navigating the Korea Emission Control Area (Korea ECA). The switching of fuel oil to and from the 0.1% sulphur fuel will be logged in the engine logbook, and written procedures for the switching of fuel will be maintained on board. Speed Reduction Zones Participating ships will have their port entry/departure facility fees reduced. Beginning January 2020 only ships that slow-steam for no less than 60% of all annual port entries will be provided the discount. This will increase annually until the participation rate for annual entries is 90%. Eligible ship types vary from port to port, and not all ship types are included. The speed reduction zones in Busan Port, Ulsan Port, Yeosu Port, Gwangyang Port, and Incheon Port are 20 nautical miles in radius, measured from a specific lighthouse in each port. Ships that wish to slow-steam should sail no faster than the designated speed (12 knots for container ships and car- carriers, 10 knots for other designated ship types) when moving from the starting point to the end point within each area. -
Change in Fish Assemblage Inhabiting Around Dae Island in Gwangyang Bay, Korea
Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety Vol. 18, No. 3, 2012. 6. 30., pp. 175-184 (ISSN 1229-3431) Change in Fish Assemblage Inhabiting Around Dae Island in Gwangyang Bay, Korea Seok-Nam Kwak*․Sung-Hoi Huh**․Ha-Won Kim***† *, *** Environ-Ecological Engineering Institute Co., Ltd., 110-54 Millak-Dong, Suyeong-gu, Busan, 613-827 Korea. ** Department of Oceanography, Pukyong National University, Busan, 608-737, Korea 광양만 대도 주변에 서식하는 어류군집의 변화 곽석남*․허성회**․김하원*† *, *** 환경생태공학연구원, ** 부경대학교 Abstract : Changes of fish assemblage inhabiting around Dae Island in Gwangyang Bay, Korea were investigated using a small beam trawl monthly from March 2009 to February 2010. These data were compared with those obtained in previous studies(1990∼1991 and 1995 ∼1996) at our study sites. A total of 8,133 fish belonging to 74 species in 38 families were collected. Leiognathus nuchalis, Argyrosomus argentatus, Acentrogobius pellidebilis, Sillago japonica, Apogon lineatus, Thryssa hamiltoni, Repomucenus richardsonii, Pholis nebulosa, Pleuronichthys cornutus, Hexagrammos otakii, and Limanda yokohamae dominated, and these were responsible for 89.5 % and 58.9 % in the number of individuals and in biomass, respectively. These were primarily small species or early juveniles of larger species. Seasonal variation in both species composition and abundance was large: the peak number of fish species occurred in May and October 2009, whilst both number of individuals and biomass were the highest in May 2009. Fish numbers as well as biomass was lowest in January and February 2010. Seasonal changes in the abundance of fishes corresponded with temperature. Compared with the previous studies, the total number of individuals and biomass per unit area(m2) were higher, and the predominance of L. -
U.S.-South Korea Relations
U.S.-South Korea Relations Mark E. Manyin, Coordinator Specialist in Asian Affairs Emma Chanlett-Avery Specialist in Asian Affairs Mary Beth D. Nikitin Specialist in Nonproliferation Brock R. Williams Analyst in International Trade and Finance Jonathan R. Corrado Research Associate May 23, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41481 U.S.-South Korea Relations Summary Overview South Korea (officially the Republic of Korea, or ROK) is one of the United States’ most important strategic and economic partners in Asia. Congressional interest in South Korea is driven by both security and trade interests. Since the early 1950s, the U.S.-ROK Mutual Defense Treaty commits the United States to help South Korea defend itself. Approximately 28,500 U.S. troops are based in the ROK, which is included under the U.S. “nuclear umbrella.” Washington and Seoul cooperate in addressing the challenges posed by North Korea. The two countries’ economies are joined by the Korea-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA). South Korea is the United States’ seventh-largest trading partner and the United States is South Korea’s second- largest trading partner. Between 2009 and the end of 2016, relations between the two countries arguably reached their most robust state in decades. Political changes in both countries in 2017, however, have generated uncertainty about the state of the relationship. Coordination of North Korea Policy Dealing with North Korea is the dominant strategic concern of the relationship. The Trump Administration appears to have raised North Korea’s nuclear and missile programs to a top U.S. -
Truth and Reconciliation Activities of the Past Three Years
Truth and Reconciliation Activities of the Past Three Years CONTENTS President's Greeting I. Historical Background of Korea's Past Settlement II. Introduction to the Commission 1. Outline: Objective of the Commission 2. Organization and Budget 3. Introduction to Commissioners and Staff 4. Composition and Operation III. Procedure for Investigation 1. Procedure of Petition and Method of Application 2. Investigation and Determination of Truth-Finding 3. Present Status of Investigation 4. Measures for Recommendation and Reconciliation IV. Extra-Investigation Activities 1. Exhumation Work 2. Complementary Activities of Investigation V. Analysis of Verified Cases 1. National Independence and the History of Overseas Koreans 2. Massacres by Groups which Opposed the Legitimacy of the Republic of Korea 3. Massacres 4. Human Rights Abuses VI. MaJor Achievements and Further Agendas 1. Major Achievements 2. Further Agendas Appendices 1. Outline and Full Text of the Framework Act Clearing up Past Incidents 2. Frequently Asked Questions about the Commission 3. Primary Media Coverage on the Commission's Activities 4. Web Sites of Other Truth Commissions: Home and Abroad President's Greeting In entering the third year of operation, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Republic of Korea (the Commission) is proud to present the "Activities of the Past Three Years" and is thankful for all of the continued support. The Commission, launched in December 2005, has strived to reveal the truth behind massacres during the Korean War, human rights abuses during the authoritarian rule, the anti-Japanese independence movement, and the history of overseas Koreans. It is not an easy task to seek the truth in past cases where the facts have been hidden and distorted for decades. -
Analysis on Four Types of Japanese Garden Built in Korea During Japanese Occupation
International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology Vol.8 No.1 89-97 (2020) DOI https://doi.org/10.17703/IJACT.2020.8.1.89 IJACT 20-3-11 Analysis on Four types of Japanese garden Built in Korea during Japanese Occupation Kwang-pyo Hong*, Hyuk-jae LEE** *Dongguk University-Gyeongju, Department of Landscape Architecture [email protected] **The Korean Institute of Garden Design [email protected] Abstract There are remains of Japanese gardens in Korea which were built during Japanese occupation in 1910 -1945. However, systematic database has not been established for location, quantity, nor types of remaining gardens. This study is aimed at defining current status of Japanese gardens built in Korea. By categorizing types of remaining these Japanese gardens, we also aimed to build a systematic data base for Japanese gardens in Korea. This study was co-conducted by researchers from Korea and Japan. The team identified 17 Japanese gardens remaining in South Korea and categorized them into 4 groups; 1) Japanese garden built by Japanese in modern Japanese house in South Korea, 2) Japanese garden built by Korean in traditional Korean garden and 3) Garden built by Japanese in temples in Korea. (at request by Koreans). This categorization reveals information about the inflow of Japanese gardening culture into Korea and deserves to be an important part of modern gardening History. And the rest are 4) Japanese gardens built at Korean residence, but with much damage and alternation. In this paper, we present the findings to serve as preliminary data for defining Korean traditional gardens and for utilizing Japanese gardens in Korea as historical and cultural infrastructure. -
Feasibility of Seed Bank for Restoration of Salt Marsh: a Case Study Around the Gwangyang Bay, Southern Korea
Research Paper J. Ecol. Field Biol. 35(2): 123-129, 2012 Journal of Ecology and Field Biology Feasibility of seed bank for restoration of salt marsh: a case study around the Gwangyang Bay, southern Korea Seonmi Lee1, Yong-Chan Cho2 and Chang Seok Lee3,* 1Department of Biology, Graduate School of Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 139-774, Korea 2Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon 487-821, Korea 3Department of Life and Environmental Engineering, Seoul Women’s University, Seoul 139-774, Korea Abstract Salt marsh is an important transitional zone among terrestrial, riverine, and marine ecosystems and is a productive habi- tat that interacts extensively with adjacent landscape elements of estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Nowadays, in addi- tion to various human activities, a variety of natural processes induce changes in salt marshes. This study aims to provide background information to restore disturbed salt marshes and to propose their ecological restoration using seed banks. The study area is a prepared area for the Gwangyang Container Port located in the southern Korea. This area was formed by accumulating mud soils dredged from the bottom of the forward sea. This land was created in a serial process of pre- paring the Gwangyang container port and the salt marsh was passively restored by seeds buried in mud soil dredged from seabed. As a result of stand ordination based on vegetation data collected from the land, stands were arranged according to tolerance to salinity in the order of Suaeda maritima, Salicornia europaea, and Phragmites communis communities on the Axis 1. Landscape structure of the projected area was analyzed as well. -
Civil & Environment
STEEL PLANTS ENERGY PLANTS CIVIL & ENVIRONMENT ARCHITECTURE URBAN DEVELOPMENT CIVIL & ENVIRONMENT POSCO E&C is taking the initiative in connecting the hearts of communities and linking various worlds together. POSCO E&C has contributed to Korea’s balanced territorial development via continuous large-scale civil engineering projects and, is now developing local communities all over the world, including Vietnam, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, by building roads, harbors etc… . The effort of POSCO E&C to bring new productive changes can also be found in making the world a clearer and cleaner environment. POSCO E&C not only builds facilities for the environment such as, sewage & waste water system, waste energy plants, air-cleaning installations etc, but also provides total environmental solutions by actively participating in the O&M (Operation & Maintenance) field. In addition, POSCO E&C is speeding up seawater desalination technology research for practical implementation, to provide solutions for global water shortages. The facilities under construction on Gwangyang’s Dongho shoreline area for seawater desalination, and in Abu Dhabi for the transfer and storage of fresh water are just the beginning in providing such solutions. ORDERS & SALES Orders Sales (Unit: US dollars in millions) 938.6 2013 1,351.4 1,137.8 2012 1,349.8 1,215.7 2011 1,290.6 Basic exchange rate: average exchange rate in 2012 / 1$ = 1,071.10 won (Unit: US dollars in millions) Gwangan Bridge, Busan, Korea (top) / Ansan Sewerage Treatment Plant, Korea (bottom) 16 17 STEEL PLANTS -
Bean Extract-Based Gargle for Efficient Diagnosing COVID-19 at Early
medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.13.21261463; this version posted August 19, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Bean extract-based gargle for efficient diagnosing COVID-19 at early-stage using rapid antigen tests : a clinical, prospective, diagnostic study Joseph Kwon, PhD;a Euna Ko, PhD;a Se-Young Cho, PhD;a Young-Ho Lee, PhD;a Sangmi Jun, PhD;a Kyuhong Lee, PhD;a Eunha Hwang, PhD;a Bipin Vaidya, PhD; Jeong-Hwan Hwang, MD; Joo-Hee Hwang, MD; Namsu Kim, MD; Mi-Kyung Song, PhD; Hye-Yeon Kim, PhD; Dai Ito, MSc; Yuxi Lin, PhD; Eunae Jo, MSc; Kyeong Eun Yang, MSc; Hee-Chung Chung, MSc; Soyoung Cha, MSc; Dong Im Kim, MSc; Yoon-Sun Yi, MSc; Sung-Ho Yun, MSc; Sun Cheol Park, PhD; Sangmin Lee, PhD; Jong-Soon Choi, PhD;b Dal Sik Kim, MD;b Duwoon Kim. PhDb Author Affiliations: Author affiliations are listed at the end of this article. bCorresponding Authors: Jong-Soon Choi, PhD, Research Center for Materials Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea, [email protected] Dal Sik Kim, MD, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital and Medical School, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea, [email protected] Duwoon Kim, PhD, Department of Food Science and Technology and Foodborne Virus Research Center, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea, [email protected] aThese authors contributed equally to this article. -
Korean Ports Status Report Korea
THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Voluntary - Public Date: 7/25/2013 GAIN Report Number: KS1339 Korea - Republic of Post: Seoul Korean Ports Status Report Report Categories: Exporter Guide Approved By: M. Kathryn Ting Prepared By: LeeKyung Shim (Intern)/Soo Hyun Kim(Intern)/Sunchul Choi Report Highlights: As the world’s third-largest grain importer, Korea annually imported 13.4 million metric tons (MMT) of major grains and oilseeds on average for the past ten years (2002-2011), consisting of 8.5 MMT of corn, 3.7 MMT of wheat and 1.3 MMT of soybeans (Figure 1). Six major discharging ports handle most of the imported grains and oilseeds which are then distributed to feed and food processing industries located inland. Executive Summary: As the world’s third-largest grain importer, Korea annually imported 13.4 million metric tons (MMT) of major grains and oilseeds on average for the past ten years (2002-2011), consisting of 8.5 MMT of corn, 3.7 MMT of wheat and 1.3 MMT of soybeans (Figure 1). Six major discharging ports handle most of the imported grains and oilseeds which are then distributed to feed and food processing industries located inland. Figure 1 Source: Korea Customs Service (KCS) Table 1 Korea: Grains and Oilseeds Import for CY2002-2011 (Metric Ton) Calendar Year Corn Wheat Soybean Total 2002 9,125,577 3,861,349 1,473,899 14,460,825 2003 8,782,362 3,763,634 1,508,333 14,054,329 2004 8,371,011 3,368,629 1,283,491 13,023,131 -
Yi Sun-Sin (1545-1598) • Navy Commander in the Joseon Dynasty Yi Hwang (1501-1570) • Confucian Scholar and Administrator
Republic of Korea • Not many practices of commemorative naming • Naming after historical figures in the post-colonial period • Increasing as a tool of branding places • Sometimes used for resolving naming conflicts • Guideline adopted by names authority in 2012 Chungmu-ro 충무로 忠武路 Toegye-ro 퇴계로 退溪路 blog.daum.net nationalculture.mcst.go.kr • center of Seoul ▲ Street of Cinema in Chungmu-ro ▲ Yi Hwang • named in 1946 Yi Sun-sin (1545-1598) • Navy commander in the Joseon Dynasty Yi Hwang (1501-1570) • Confucian scholar and administrator 2 map.google.com www.newstomato.com Yisunsindaegyo Bridge 이순신대교 李舜臣大橋 • between Yeosu and blog.daum.net Gwangyang, Jeollanam-do • named in 2007, opened 2013 blog.daum.net Yi Sun-sin (1545-1598) • Navy commander in the Gwangyang Joseon Dynasty Yeosu 3 map.google.com map.google.com wikipedia Wonhyo-ro Dunchon-dong 원효로 元曉路 둔촌동 遁村洞 • Yongsan-gu, Seoul • East of Seoul • named in 1946 • used since the Joseon Dynasty Wonhyo (617-686) Yi Jip (1314-1387) • eminent scholar and monk • Scholar and writer in the late in the Silla Kingdom Goryeo Dynasty ▲ Wonhyo-ro ▼ Dunchon-dong 4 www.seongnamculture.or.kr map.google.com National Agency for Administrative City Construction www.hanwhablog.com Sejong Special Self-Governing City 세종특별자치시 世宗特別自治市 • named in 2006 • opened in July 2012 as administrative capital city Sejong the Great (1397-1450) • The fourth king of Joseon Dynasty • created Hangeul (Korean alphabet) 5 map.google.com Ijungseom-ro 이중섭로 李仲燮路 • Seogwipo, Jeju Special Self- White Ox (1954, Wikipedia) www.pinterest.com