Predictions for Weed Resistance To
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Identification of Cereal Remains from Archaeological Sites 2Nd Edition 2006
Identification of cereal remains from archaeological sites 2nd edition 2006 Spikelet fork of the “new glume wheat” (Jones et al. 2000) Stefanie JACOMET and collaborators Archaeobotany Lab IPAS, Basel University English translation partly by James Greig CEREALS: CEREALIA Fam. Poaceae /Gramineae (Grasses) Systematics and Taxonomy All cereal species belong botanically (taxonomically) to the large family of the Gramineae (Poaceae). This is one of the largest Angiosperm families with >10 000 different species. In the following the systematics for some of the most imporant taxa is shown: class: Monocotyledoneae order: Poales familiy: Poaceae (= Gramineae) (Süssgräser) subfamily: Pooideae Tribus: Triticeae Subtribus: Triticinae genera: Triticum (Weizen, wheat); Aegilops ; Hordeum (Gerste; barley); Elymus; Hordelymus; Agropyron; Secale (Roggen, rye) Note : Avena and the millets belong to other Tribus. The identification of prehistoric cereal remains assumes understanding of different subject areas in botany. These are mainly morphology and anatomy, but also phylogeny and evolution (and today, also genetics). Since most of the cereal species are treated as domesticated plants, many different forms such as subspecies, varieties, and forms appear inside the genus and species (see table below). In domesticates the taxonomical category of variety is also called “sort” (lat. cultivar, abbreviated: cv.). This refers to a variety which evolved through breeding. Cultivar is the lowest taxonomic rank in the domesticated plants. Occasionally, cultivars are also called races: e.g. landraces evolved through genetic isolation, under local environmental conditions whereas „high-breed-races“ were breed by strong selection of humans. Anyhow: The morphological delimitation of cultivars is difficult, sometimes even impossible. It needs great experience and very detailed morphological knowledge. -
Glyphosate) Resistance and Tolerance in Agricultural Weeds Using Metabolomics Approach
Clemson University TigerPrints All Dissertations Dissertations 8-2017 Elucidating the Cellular Physiology Associated with the Herbicide (Glyphosate) Resistance and Tolerance in Agricultural Weeds Using Metabolomics Approach Amith Sadananda Maroli Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations Recommended Citation Maroli, Amith Sadananda, "Elucidating the Cellular Physiology Associated with the Herbicide (Glyphosate) Resistance and Tolerance in Agricultural Weeds Using Metabolomics Approach" (2017). All Dissertations. 2016. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/2016 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ELUCIDATING THE CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY ASSOCIATED WITH HERBICIDE (GLYPHOSATE) RESISTANCE AND TOLERANCE IN AGRICULTURAL WEEDS USING METABOLOMICS APPROACH A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Plant and Environmental Science. by Amith Sadananda Maroli August 2017 Submitted to: Dr. Nishanth Tharayil, Committee Chair Dr. Paula Agudelo Prof. Patrick Gerard Prof. Hong Luo ABSTRACT Current management practices overemphasizes on herbicides to manage weeds in crop production systems. However, indiscriminate use of herbicides to -
Sinopsis De Las Asteraceae De La Provincia De Catamarca
SINOPSIS DE LAS ASTERACEAE DE LA PROVINCIA DE CATAMARCA >>> 1 Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (Catamarca - República Argentina) Rector: Ing. Agrim. Flavio Sergio Fama Vice-Rector: Ing. Oscar Alfonso Arellano Secretario de Ciencia y Tecnología: Dra. Teresita Rojas Editorial Científica Universitaria Director General: Dn. Ciro César Carrizo Prohibida su reproducción total o parcial de esta obra 2 <<< SINOPSIS DE LAS ASTERACEAE DE LA PROVINCIA DE CATAMARCA Susana E. Freire Néstor D. Bayón Claudia Monti Daniel A. Giuliano Luis Ariza Espinar Alcides A. Sáenz Mario V. Perea Gustavo Delucchi >>> 3 SINOPSIS DE LAS ASTERACEAE DE LA PROVINCIA DE CATAMARCA Susana E. Freire1,2, Néstor D. Bayón2, Claudia Monti2, Daniel A. Giuliano2, Luis Ariza Espinar3, Alcides A. Sáenz4, Mario V. Perea5 & Gustavo Delucchi6 1. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Labardén 200, CC 22, B1642HYD San Isidro, Buenos Aires, Argentina; [email protected] (autor corresponsal). 2. Área de Botánica, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Cien- cias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, calle 60 entre 116 y 118, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. 3. Museo Botánico, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Univer- sidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. 4. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Paseo del Bosque s.n., B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina. 5. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UNCA), Av. Belgrano 300, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca. 6. División Plantas Vasculares, Museo de La Plata, Paseo del Bosque s.n., B1900FWA La Plata, Argentina. 4 <<< Agradecimientos. Agradecemos a los curadores de los herbarios mencionados en el tex- to que han hecho posible este trabajo. A Estrella Urtubey por la lectu- ra crítica de la tribu Lactuceae. -
Redalyc.Asteráceas De Importancia Económica Y Ambiental Segunda
Multequina ISSN: 0327-9375 [email protected] Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas Argentina Del Vitto, Luis A.; Petenatti, Elisa M. Asteráceas de importancia económica y ambiental Segunda parte: Otras plantas útiles y nocivas Multequina, núm. 24, 2015, pp. 47-74 Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas Mendoza, Argentina Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42844132004 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto ISSN 0327-9375 ISSN 1852-7329 on-line Asteráceas de importancia económica y ambiental Segunda parte: Otras plantas útiles y nocivas Asteraceae of economic and environmental importance Second part: Other useful and noxious plants Luis A. Del Vitto y Elisa M. Petenatti Herbario y Jardín Botánico UNSL/Proy. 22/Q-416 y Cátedras de Farmacobotánica y Famacognosia, Fac. de Quím., Bioquím. y Farmacia, Univ. Nac. San Luis, Ej. de los Andes 950, D5700HHW San Luis, Argentina. [email protected]; [email protected]. Resumen El presente trabajo completa la síntesis de las especies de asteráceas útiles y nocivas, que ini- ciáramos en la primera contribución en al año 2009, en la que fueron discutidos los caracteres generales de la familia, hábitat, dispersión y composición química, los géneros y especies de importancia -
Identification of Wild-Oats Dr Stephen Moss ROTHAMSTED RESEARCH in the UK, There Are Two Main Species Which Occur As Weeds of Arable Crops
® Identification of wild-oats Dr Stephen Moss ROTHAMSTED RESEARCH In the UK, there are two main species which occur as weeds of arable crops. Their relative fequencies, as reported in the Atlas of the British Flora (2002), are given as the (%) of the 2852 10 x 10 km grid squares surveyed in which the species was detected. Avena fatua – common Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana or spring wild-oat – winter wild-oat Occurs throughout England; Less common and mainly found more scattered distribution in within 50 – 100 miles of Oxford Scotland and Wales. (55%). where it was first recorded Germinates mainly in spring in the wild in 1910. (10%). (March/April) but with a Probably under-reported due variable, and sometimes to confusion with Avena fatua. considerable, amount of Germinates mainly in autumn autumn germination too (mainly Sept/Oct). and winter, from October to early March, and is more tolerant of freezing conditions than Avena fatua. Both species may occur within a single field, sometimes in mixture but sometimes in separate patches. Why does identification of species matter? Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana is generally considered the more challenging species to control, requiring more robust strategies Seedling emergence patterns and winter hardiness differ between the two species so correct identification can help in herbicide decision-making Although herbicide resistance has been found in both species, it is relatively more common in Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana. The first cases of resistance in the UK were all found in this species despite its more limited distribution. At the vegetative stage, wild-oats can be identified in cereal crops by: Hairy leaf margins and the absence of auricles Auricles No auricles on wild-oats Wheat - well developed, Barley - large, (or cultivated oats) but hairy auricles (hairs hairless auricles. -
INVASIVE SPECIES Grass Family (Poaceae) Wild Oats Are Annuals
A PROJECT OF THE SONOMA-MARIN COASTAL PRAIRIE WORKING GROUP INVASIVE SPECIES I NVASIVE A NNUAL P LANTS WILD OATS (AVENA FATUA) AND SLENDER WILD OATS (AVENA BARBATA) - NON-NATIVE Grass Family (Poaceae) Wild oats are annuals. WILD OATS: Are native to Eurasia and North Africa. WILD OAT ECOLOGY Is often dominant or co-dominant in coastal prairie (Ford and Hayes 2007; Sawyer, et al. 2009), Occurs in moist lowland prairies, drier upland prairies and open woodlands (Darris and Gonzalves 2008), Species Interactions: The success of Avena lies in its superior competitive ability: o It has a dense root system. The total root length of a single Avena plant can be from 54.3 miles long (Pavlychenko 1937) to, most likely, twice that long (Dittmer 1937). Wild oats (Avena) in Marin coastal grassland. o It produces allelopathic compounds, Photo by D. (Immel) Jeffery, 2010. chemicals that inhibit the growth of other adjacent plant species. o It has long-lived seeds that can survive for as long as 10 years in the soil (Whitson 2002). Citation: Jeffery (Immel), D., C. Luke, K. Kraft. Last modified February 2020. California’s Coastal Prairie. A project of the Sonoma Marin Coastal Grasslands Working Group, California. Website: www.cnga.org/prairie. Coastal Prairie Described > Species: Invasives: Page 1 of 18 o Pavlychenko (1937) found that, although Avena is a superior competitor when established, it is relatively slow (as compared to cultivated cereal crops wheat, rye and barley) to develop seminal roots in the early growth stages. MORE FUN FACTS ABOUT WILD OATS Avena is Latin for “oat.” The cultivated oat (Avena sativa), also naturalized in California) is thought to be derived from wild oats (Avena fatua) by early humans (Baum and Smith [2011]). -
(NOA) : Patrones De Distribución, Prioridades De Conservación Y Cambio Climático Godoy-Bürki, Carolina Doctor En Ciencias Naturales
Naturalis Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de La Plata http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Diversidad de plantas vasculares en zonas áridas del Noroeste de Argentina (NOA) : patrones de distribución, prioridades de conservación y cambio climático Godoy-Bürki, Carolina Doctor en Ciencias Naturales Dirección: Zuloaga, Fernando O. Co-dirección: Aagesen, Lone Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo 2015 Acceso en: http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/id/20150319001389 Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Diversidad de plantas vasculares en zonas áridas del Noroeste de Argentina (NOA): Patrones de Distribución, Prioridades de Conservación y Cambio climático Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata Ing. Ana Carolina Godoy-Bürki Director: Dr. Fernando O. Zuloaga Co-directora: Dra. Lone Aagesen 2015 “Todo logro empieza con la decisión de intentarlo.” A mi familia y amigos… Agradecimientos “Cómo empezar sin olvidar a nadie en tan largo camino…” Agradezco con todo el corazón a todos aquellos que me acompañaron en este trayecto de mi vida directa o indirectamente, interesada o desinteresadamente. Gracias por ayudarme a crecer, a florecer, y a madurar para dar, como paso final, el tan anhelado fruto: esta tan querida y por momentos tan odiada tesis doctoral. A mis directores, Dr. Fernando Zuloaga y Dra. Lone Aagesen que me tuvieron gran paciencia en mis momentos difíciles, sin dejar de alentarme ni un solo día. -
Weed Categories for Natural and Agricultural Ecosystem Management
Weed Categories for Natural and Agricultural Ecosystem Management R.H. Groves (Convenor), J.R. Hosking, G.N. Batianoff, D.A. Cooke, I.D. Cowie, R.W. Johnson, G.J. Keighery, B.J. Lepschi, A.A. Mitchell, M. Moerkerk, R.P. Randall, A.C. Rozefelds, N.G. Walsh and B.M. Waterhouse DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND FORESTRY Weed categories for natural and agricultural ecosystem management R.H. Groves1 (Convenor), J.R. Hosking2, G.N. Batianoff3, D.A. Cooke4, I.D. Cowie5, R.W. Johnson3, G.J. Keighery6, B.J. Lepschi7, A.A. Mitchell8, M. Moerkerk9, R.P. Randall10, A.C. Rozefelds11, N.G. Walsh12 and B.M. Waterhouse13 1 CSIRO Plant Industry & CRC for Australian Weed Management, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 2 NSW Agriculture & CRC for Australian Weed Management, RMB 944, Tamworth, NSW 2340 3 Queensland Herbarium, Mt Coot-tha Road, Toowong, Qld 4066 4 Animal & Plant Control Commission, Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation, GPO Box 2834, Adelaide, SA 5001 5 NT Herbarium, Department of Primary Industries & Fisheries, GPO Box 990, Darwin, NT 0801 6 Department of Conservation & Land Management, PO Box 51, Wanneroo, WA 6065 7 Australian National Herbarium, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 8 Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, AQIS & CRC for Australian Weed Management, c/- NT Department of Primary Industries & Fisheries, GPO Box 3000, Darwin, NT 0801 9 Victorian Institute for Dryland Agriculture, NRE & CRC for Australian Weed Management, Private Bag 260, Horsham, Vic. 3401 10 Department of Agriculture Western Australia & CRC for Australian Weed Management, Locked Bag No. 4, Bentley, WA 6983 11 Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, GPO Box 1164, Hobart, Tas. -
Tracheophyte of Xiao Hinggan Ling in China: an Updated Checklist
Biodiversity Data Journal 7: e32306 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.7.e32306 Taxonomic Paper Tracheophyte of Xiao Hinggan Ling in China: an updated checklist Hongfeng Wang‡§, Xueyun Dong , Yi Liu|,¶, Keping Ma | ‡ School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China § School of Food Engineering Harbin University, Harbin, China | State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ¶ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Corresponding author: Hongfeng Wang ([email protected]) Academic editor: Daniele Cicuzza Received: 10 Dec 2018 | Accepted: 03 Mar 2019 | Published: 27 Mar 2019 Citation: Wang H, Dong X, Liu Y, Ma K (2019) Tracheophyte of Xiao Hinggan Ling in China: an updated checklist. Biodiversity Data Journal 7: e32306. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e32306 Abstract Background This paper presents an updated list of tracheophytes of Xiao Hinggan Ling. The list includes 124 families, 503 genera and 1640 species (Containing subspecific units), of which 569 species (Containing subspecific units), 56 genera and 6 families represent first published records for Xiao Hinggan Ling. The aim of the present study is to document an updated checklist by reviewing the existing literature, browsing the website of National Specimen Information Infrastructure and additional data obtained in our research over the past ten years. This paper presents an updated list of tracheophytes of Xiao Hinggan Ling. The list includes 124 families, 503 genera and 1640 species (Containing subspecific units), of which 569 species (Containing subspecific units), 56 genera and 6 families represent first published records for Xiao Hinggan Ling. The aim of the present study is to document an updated checklist by reviewing the existing literature, browsing the website of National Specimen Information Infrastructure and additional data obtained in our research over the past ten years. -
Mauro Vicentini Correia
UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO INSTITUTO DE QUÍMICA Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química MAURO VICENTINI CORREIA Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. São Paulo Data do Depósito na SPG: 01/02/2010 MAURO VICENTINI CORREIA Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Química (Química Orgânica) Orientador: Prof. Dr. Vicente de Paulo Emerenciano. São Paulo 2010 Mauro Vicentini Correia Redes Neurais e Algoritmos Genéticos no estudo Quimiossistemático da Família Asteraceae. Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do Título de Mestre em Química (Química Orgânica) Aprovado em: ____________ Banca Examinadora Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. _______________________________________________________ Instituição: _______________________________________________________ Assinatura: _______________________________________________________ DEDICATÓRIA À minha mãe, Silmara Vicentini pelo suporte e apoio em todos os momentos da minha -
Control of Avena Fatua Species (Wild Oat) - a Weed in Expansion in Banat Area
Control of Avena Fatua Species (Wild Oat) - a Weed in Expansion in Banat Area Dan Nicolae MANEA1* 1 1 1 1 1 , Ramona ŞTEF , Ioan PEŢ , Anişoara Aurelia IENCIU Ioana GROZEA , Alin CĂRĂBEŢ1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” Timişoara *corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Bulletin UASVM series Agriculture 73(1)/2016 Print ISSN 1843-5246; Electronic ISSN 1843-5386 DOI 10.15835/buasvmcn-agr: 12008 ABSTRACT caloric needs Wheat is considered the largest agricultural crop acreage worldwide. More than 50% of human is ensured by grain products. The presence of different species of weeds in cereals causes loses between 15 -20% and even 60-80% of the crop in the absence of control measures. The most dangerous monocotyledonous species present in this culture are Apera spica - venti (wind grass), Avena fatua (wild oat) and Bromus sp., they produce huge damage to both varieties for consumption and seed lots. Chirilă C. (2001), states that the species Avena fatua is one of the 132 species considered problem, namely: direct harm and high on production; has a high resistance to agro-chemical control measures; and the number or rapacity reduce the positive effect of some production factors. This study aims to provide new data on chemical control of Avena fatua in agroecosystems species of wheat. Research on chemical control of Avena fatua species were conducted in Teaching and Research Station, belonging to the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” in Timisoara. Experience included 12 variants, in three repetitions, placed after the randomized blocks method. -
Tribo Heliantheae
DOI: 10.13102/scb1127 ARTIGO Flora da Bahia: Asteraceae – Tribo Heliantheae Maria Alves1* & Nádia Roque1,2,a 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brasil. 2 Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Resumo – Neste trabalho, é apresentado o tratamento taxonômico de Heliantheae (Asteraceae) para o estado da Bahia. Ele está baseado em 22 expedições de coleta e no material dos principais herbários brasileiros. A tribo está representada por 28 gêneros e 65 espécies na Bahia e Aspilia (15 espécies), Aldama (9) e Verbesina (5) são os gêneros mais representativos no estado. São apresentados chaves de identificação para gêneros e espécies, descrições, ilustrações e comentários sobre os táxons, além de mapas de distribuição geográfica das espécies no estado. Palavras-chave adicionais: Aliança Heliantheae, Compositae, inventário florístico, Nordeste do Brasil, sistemática. Abstract (Flora of Bahia: Asteraceae – Tribe Heliantheae) – The taxonomic treatment of the Heliantheae (Asteraceae) from the state of Bahia, Brazil, is presented here. The study is based on 22 field trips and material from the most important Brazilian herbaria. The tribe is represented by 28 genera and 65 species in Bahia and Aspilia (15 species), Aldama (9) and Verbesina (5) are the most representative genera in the state. Identification keys for the genera and species, descriptions, illustrations and comments are presented to the taxa as well as maps of species distribution in the state. Additional key words: Compositae, floristic survey, Heliantheae Alliance, Northeast Brazil, systematics. Asteraceae possui 43 tribos com aproximadamente vezes organizados em capítulos de segunda ordem.