DUNCKLEE AND ALLIED FAMILIES
ANCESTORS OF S T E P H E N D U N C K L E E 1770 - probably after 1838 ELNATHAN DUNCKLEE Earliest known ancestor of New Hampshire
BOOK 7 FAMILY GROUP VIII
Compiled by
Helen (Richardson) Kluegel
Kaneohe, Hawaii, 1965
Book 7 Family Group VIII
I N D E X
Freeman
Line of Descent
DUNCKLEE, Elnathan, who married Silence Bowers Nathaniel, (2) & Mary (French) Sharp Hezekiah (3) & Damaris Wilson Joseph (4) Hannah----- Stephen (5) Kezia Colby Betsy Duncklee who married Amos Morgan
BOWERS, George, emigrant ancestor, & Barbara Smyth Silence, who married Elnathan Duncklee
FRENCH, Lt. William, emigrant ancestor & Mary (Lathrop) Stearns Macy, who married Nathaniel Duncklee
LOTHROP (Lowthropp) John (C) of Cherry Burton, Yorks, England Robert (B) Thomas (A) Rev. John (1) & Hannah House Thomas (2) & Sarah Learned (Larned) Mary, who married William French Barnstable Capt. Thomas Lathrop, killed at Bloody Brook Archbishop Laud - Ministers Silenced HOUSE, Rev. John of_Eastwark, Kent, England Hannah, who married Rev. John Lothrop LEARNED, William. emigrant ancestor and wife Goodith Sarah, who married Thomas (2) Lothrop WILSON, emigrant ancestor & Deborah Stevenson Andrew (2) & Hannah Williams Damaris, who married Hezekiah Duncklee STEVENSON, Andrew, of Cambridge, Mass. and his wife Jane---- House of Correction Deborah, who married Robert Wilson WILLIAMS, Thomas of Groton, Mass. & Mary Holden Hannah, who married Andrew Wilson HOLDON, William (B) of Lindsey, Suffolk, England William (A) Richard (1) emigrant ancestor & Martha Fosdick Mary, who married Thomas Williams FOSDICK, Stephen, emigrant ancestor Martha, who married Richard Holden Book 7 Family Group VIII
FREEMAN
NEHGR Vol. II:170 & III:41, 89; The Mayflower Planters, Vol. 1:93, 152/3.
Our early ancestors guarded the ballot with particular care. Freemen were citizen-voters who elected deputies to the General Court, which was the colony government. A freeman was allowed the right of suffrage, and was eligible for office. He must be made a freeman by the general or quarterly court.
"Concerning a freeman's admission, nothing is more cleare in the charter than this, that the Governor and Company have free liberty to admit whome they think meet." As early as 1631 they ordered 'no man should be admitted to the freedom of the Common wealths but such as are members of some of the churches within the limits of their jurisdiction 1 • He was required to produce evidence that he was a respectable member of some church.
A man must be orthodox in religion, and own a certain amount of property (freeholder). At first they were required to appear before the General Court, but this being inconvenient and leaving their home unprotected, they could send their request by proxy to the next general court.
Under date of March 1639, Winthrop says, "a printing house was begun at Cambridge, by one Daye, at the charge of Mr. Glover, who died on sea hitherward." The "Freeman's Oath" was the first paper printed in New England.
The regulation was modified by Royal order in 1664~ to allow individuals to be made freemen who could obtain certification of their being correct in doctrine and conduct, from a clergyman ac quainted with them.
They must take a solemn oath to "be true and faithful" to the Commonwealth, to "yield assistance and support therewith with my personal estate," "to maintain and preserve all the liberties and privileges thereof, submitting myself to the wholesome laws and orders made and established by" the Commonwealth.
Freeman's Oath in Mayflower Planters Vol. 1:152/3. E:.lne-cnen•. DUNGKLtii·I, • az-...13-a.ec-,. tt.naw.n; -.. ■ net.■ ■ -1u:a~,, ,: 2 - d. Feb 17, 1669 of New Hampshire. Nathaniel DUNCKLEE M. Dec 14, 1656 bpt 11d 2m 1669 Georgel Bowers, of M. 23 Mar. 1693 . B r Lincolnsh. Eng. I Si 1 ence ewers j b. abt. 1635 '. 3 iBarbara Smyth, of Hezekiah DUNCKLEE Braythwell, Eng. bpt Nov 21 1708 d. in 1772 M. Oct. 17, 1734 Lt. Willifml French Eng 160 - NE 1681 French-Sher M. (2) May 6, 1669 Rev. John Lothro 3 Apr. 1670 Thomas2 Lothro Hannah House 17 Sept 1729 Mar~ Lathroe-Stearns M. 1639 Joseph4 DUNCKLEE b. Oct. 4, 1640 William1 Larned = b. Oct. 21, 1750 1Sarah (Larned) E'er d. after 1799 1 b. 1607 LGoodith ----- M. about 1769 Robert Wilson Andrew2 Wilson d. bef 1695 Andrewl Stevenson b. 17 Apr 1670 M. r Came after 1637 1 d. in 1722 LDeborah Stephenson I M. in England l M. b. abt Aug 1637 IJ Damaris Wilson L ane ----- ···b. Aug 25tl7l □ Thomas1 Williams d. 1704 Ancestors of Hannah Williams 1 b. l-l2mo l M. ll July 1666 Richar& ~clden. STEPHEN DUNCKLEE iMar~ Holden r d. 1695, age 87 b. about 1770 · · • I M. 1640, or before d. probably after 1838 Martha rosdick ,Stephen Fosdick M. (l) June 13, 1794, at Bow, N. H. b. ca. 1620 Kezia Colby, mother of his chn, b. Dec. 25, 1773, d. Apr. 15, 1B20 dau. of Elija and Ruth (Platts) Colby.
Hannah------, her parents name not known.
Book 7 Family Group VIII
DUNCKLEE
1965 Book 7 Family Group VIII
DUNCKLEE, Elnathan M. Silence Bowers George Bowers M. Barbara Smyth Lt. William French M. Mary (Lathrop) Stearns Thomas Lothrop M. Sarah, dau. of Wm. Larned (Learned) Robert Wilson M. Deborah Stevenson Andrew Stevenson M. Jane __ ,__ __ _ Thomas Williams M. Mary Holden Richard Holden M. Martha, dau. of Stephen Fosdick
Our LINE OF DESCENT in this branch:
I Elnathan Duncklee, earliest known ancestor of New Hampshire, M. 1656, Silence, daughter of George (l) Bowers;
II Nathaniel Duncklee (1669 - ) M;· 1693, Mary (French) Sharp, daughter of Lt. Wm. French;
III Hezekiah Duncklee, (1708 - 1772) M. 1734, Damaris, daughter of Andrew & Hannah (Williams) Wilson;
IV Joseph Duncklee (1750 - aft. 1799) M. about 1769, Hannah-----, whose surname is unknown;
V Stephen Duncklee (1770 - prob. aft. 1838) M. (1) Kezia~ daughter of Elija & Ruth (Platt) Colby;
VI Betsy Duncklee, daughter of Stephen and Kezia Duncklee M. 1816, Amos Morgan, son of William & Betsy (Russ) Morgan; (Book 4).
VII Betsy Russ Morgan, (1829 - 1897) (Morgan, Book 4-) M. after 1847, Eri William Horner; (Horner, Book 2)
VIII Eva E. Horner (1858 - 1910) M. July 18, 1883, Rutland, Vt. George Edward Richardson (Book I)
Helen (Richardson) Kluegel, compiler. Book 7 Family Group VIII
DUNCKLEE
Stuart and Allied Families, in which references are listed.
Duncklee Family and Descendants of David Duncklee 9 MS by Ada Melinda Lakin Duncklee; Genealogy of the French and Allied Families, Mary Queal Beyer; Town Records: Dedham, Woburn, Lexington, Watertown and flIIlherst, Mass.s Bath, and Haverhill, New Hampshire; Vital Records: Billerica, and Danvers, Mass.; Deeds, Probate Records, Cemetery Inscriptions; NEHGR Vol. LIX, LXXIX, LXXX; History: Town of Lexington, (Hudson); Town of Amherst, (Secomb); History, and V. R. of Bow, N. H.
DUNCKLEE is among the variants of Dunkerley, a patronimic taking on a form of locality, "of Dunkerley". Other variations of the name are: Dunkerly, Dunkley, Dunckley, Dunk.
Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames, C. W. Bardsley.
- I - Elnathan1 Duncklee, earliest known ancestor of the New Hampshire Duncklees, d. at Dedham, Mass., Feb. 17, 1669, M. Dec. 14, 1656, Silence Bowers of Cambridge, Mass., b. Cambridge, abt. 1633, dau. of George and Barbara (Smyth) Bowers.
There is a tradition that the first "Duncklee to come to this country was a Scotch boy, kidnapped by English sailors, and left in this country after· a voyage. " An account of his wife is that "she and a neighbor woman were paid so much a year for sweeping the meet- ing house and ringing the bell".
Town meeting, Dedham, 11 mo, 6, 1651, Elnathan Dunkely & Matthew Edward were summoned to appear before ye Select men; and on the 12th day, according to the court order Elnathan was placed in the service for one year to dwell with Anthony Fisher, Sen. and the said Anthony Fisher "doth covenant and agree to pay to the said Elnathan • • • the sum of 9 pounds for the years service, vizt. 2 pounds, 5s each quarter of ye yeare".
1653, 6mo, 29: "Elnath Dunckelyn was taxed 5s in Dedham. Silence Bowers, wife of Elnathan Duncklee, was admitted to the church in Ded ham, October 1, 1665, and there their children were baptized (29d am 1665) and the birth of two were recorded. Book 7 Family Group VIII
2 Elnathan DUNCKLEE
An inventory of the estate of Elnathan Dunckle was filed in Middlesex County, Mass. in 1670. "Silence Dunckley in Dedham" was bequeathed "twenty shillings in corn" in the will of Mary Lusher of Dedham, dated Jan. 8, 1672/3; no relationship is mentioned. Mary Lusher was widow of Eleazer Lusher.
Children of Elnathan & Silence Duncklee:
1. Elnathan, b. prob. abt. 1658/9, "Elnathan ye sone of our sister Silence ye wife of Elnathan Dunkly allso hir daughter & ----- hir sone baptized 29d am 1665." Perhaps he is the same "Nathan Dunklin" who married Dec. 15, 1680 Hannah Wyer.
2. Ruth, bat Dedham lmo. (March) 11, 1661/2, evidently the daughter bpt. Brno. (October) 29, 1665. Ruth "Duntlin" married at Woburn, Mass. March 6, 1683, Francis Wilson.
3. Son, bpt. October 29, 1665
4. David, b. 2mo. 2, 1666
5. Hannah, bpt. Dedham, 2mo. (April) 26, 1668. Hannah "Duntlin" }L Woburn, Mass. Jan. 15, 1691 Thomas Lepingwell.
6. Nathaniel, _of whom further.
- II -
Nathaniel, son of Elnathan & Silence (Bowers) Duncklee; b. prob. in Dedham, Mass. early in 1669, bpt. 11d 2m 69 (April 11, 1669) Church record. d. M. Mar. 23, 1693 Mary (French) SharE, widow. 1693: He was in Woburn, Mass. 1698, Dec. 18, he was at Watertown, Mass. where he and his wife were received into the church. He removed to Lexington, Mass. about 1101, and in 1705 was received into the church there by a letter of dismission from the church in Watertown, Mass. His farm of sixty acres, in Lexington, was near the present boundary between Lexington and Bedford. Book 7 Family Group VIII
3 Nathaniel DUNCKLEE
Children of Nathaniel and Mary (French-Sharp) Duncklee: 1. Nathaniel "Duntlin", b. Woburn, Mass. July 11, 1695, 2. Silence, b. at Watertown, Mass. Feb. 20, 1697/8, 3. Ruth "Duntlen", bpt. Lexington, Dec. 10, 1699, 4. David, bpt. Lexington, Sept. 21, 1701, 5. Elnathan, bpt. Lexington, Apr. 11, 1703, 6. Jonathan, bpt. Lexington, Jan. 7, 1705, 7. Hannah, bpt. Lexington~ May 18, 1707, 8. Hezekiah, of whom further, 9. Robert, b. at Cambridge Farms (Lexington) Mass. March 13, 1709/10, bpt. April 9, 1710.
- III -
Hezekiah, son of N~thaniel and Mary (French-Sharp) Duncklee, bpt. in infancy, Nov. 21, 1708, in what was then known as Cambridge North Precinct, or "Cambridge Farms," and since then as Lexington, Massachusetts; d, early part of 1772, at Souhegan West, now Amher'st, New Hampshire; M. Oct. 17, 1734, at Lexington, Hass., Damaris Wilson. Damaris b. Aug. 25, 1710, daughter of Andrew and Hannah (Williams) Wilson.
As early as 1736, he was evidently considering removal to western New Hampshire, though his family did not actually leave Massachusetts until some years later. In what later became Walpole Township, at- "A Meeting of the Proprietors of the Township N° three Lying on the Easterly Side of Connecticut River Decemr 29th 1736, ••• the sd proprs proceded and Drawed there Lotts", the fifty-second entry being "Hezekiah Dunkley n° 31 on ye hill."
About 1739/40 Hezekiah Duncklee removed to Billerica, Mass. and resided there until 1761, when he went to Souheg:an West, which is now Amherst, New Hampshire. His wife was dismissed from the church at Lexington and admitted to the church at Billerica in 1743.
By his will, presented for probate July 30, 1772, he gave his negro servant her liberty at his death.
Children of HGzekiah3 and Damaris (Wilson) Duncklee:
1. Hezekiah, b. Sept. 15, 1735, d. at Danvers, Mass. Jan. 26, 1802, M. (1st) Sept. 14, 1755, Desire Marsh, M. (2nd) Dec. 6, 1757, Katherine Marsh. Book 7 Family Group VIII
4 DUNCKLEE
2. Nathaniel, b. Feb. 23, 1736/7, M. at Woburn, Mass. Nov. 23, 1758, Ruth Johnson.
3. Damaris, b. Mar. 13, 1738/9, d. Amherst, N. H. July 29, 1762, unmarried.
4. John, b. March 4, 1740/41, M. Elizabeth-----.
5. Mary~ b. Nov. 26, 1742, M. Nov. 4, 1762, John Ross.
6. Hannah, b. Oct. 1, 1744, prob. died yng.
7. David, b. Aug. 16, 1746, d. Aug. 16, 1826. M. abt. 1766, Phebe Odall.
8. Sarah, b. October 11, 1748.
9. Joseph, of whom further.
10. Thaddeus, b. ,Jan. 5, 17 5 3, M. Sarah Prince and rem. to Rutland, Vermont. Thaddeus d. Oct. 24, 1837, age 84. Sarah, wife of Thaddeus, d. May 9, 1826, age 729: ("Gravestone Inscriptions", arranged by Fannie Smith Spurling. Salt Lake City Vt. 21.)
11. Hannah, b. ~ay 28, 1755.
- IV -
Joseph,4 son of Hezekiah and Damaris (Wilson) Duncklee, b. at Billerica, Mass., Oct. 21, 1750, d. at Bow, Merrimack County, New Hampshire, after 1799, in which year the tax list refers to his son "Joseph Dunck lee, Jr." M. abt. 1769, Hannah, whose surname is not known.
Joseph Duncklee~ John Dunckle and Hezekiah Duncklee were among the signers of a petition filed Feb. 4~ 1771, of "Inhabitants of Amherst" of "persons living in those lands knoym by the name of Monson, but more lately Joined to said Amherst not having a minister sett led among them." A later pet it ion, dated "A.TJ1herst, May 23d 1782," refers to the earlier petition, saying, "That your petitioners inhabi tants on a tract of Land Lying between Sowhegan River and the town of Hollis ••• once incorporated into a Township by the name of Monson," etc. David Duncklee was a signer of this 1782 document. Book 7 Family Group VIII
5 Joseph D U N C K L E E
The names of Joseph Duncklee, Joseph Duncklee, Jr., and Stephen Duncklee appear on the county and town tax lists in 1799.
Children of Joseph: 1. Stephen, of whom further; 2. Joseph "jr", b. Mar. 2, 1772, M. Jenny----, surname unknown; 3. Hannah, bpt. Sept. 18, 177~; 4. Robert. bpt. Apr. 13, 1777.
- V -
Stephen Duncklee, son of Joseph and Hannah Duncklee, b. about 1770 and died probably after 1838, M. (1st) June 13, 1794, Kezia Colby, b. Bow, N. H. Dec. 25, 1773, dau. of Elija and Ruth (Platts) Colby; Kezia d. Apr. 15, 1820. M. (2nd) June, 1822 "Widow" Alice Brown, widow of Parker Brown. 1809, surveyor of highways in Bow, N. H. June 5, 1824, Stephen Duncklee of Bow, husbandman, and Alice, his wife, -conveyed to William Brown, of Bow, certain land in Merri mack County, which the said Alice had received as her dower from the estate of Parker Brown. 1826, one of the petitioners of Haverhill, N. H. for a road to be laid out. Nov. 16~ 1829, Stephen Duncklee, of Dow, conveyed to Stephen Gannett land in Grafton County. There were other Grafton County deeds in 1837, 1838, and 1839.
Children of Stephen and Kezia (Colby) Duncklee:
1. Betsy, of whom further; 2. Nancy, b. June 3, 1797, d. Mar. 15, 184-7, unm; 3. Moses, b. Oct. 6, 1799; 4. Olive, b. Mar. 3, 1802, d. Mar. 9, 1802; s. Achsah b. Nov. 4, 1804, d. 1872; 6. Elsy Allen Oct. B, 1807, 7. Stephen b. Sept 4-, 1810, d. June 11, 1850, unm. ) 8. Wilson twins, b. Feb. 3, 1813. Wilson, no further rec. 9. William ) d. Oct. 13, 1888, M. Nancy c., who died Apr. 23, 1911, aged 92 yrs; 10. Daniel, b. at Bath, N. H., Sept. 4, 1817. Book 7 Family Group VIII
6 Stephen D U N C K L E E
BETSY DUNCKLEE, daughter of Stephen and Kezia Duncklee, b. Bow, N. H. Mar. 12, 1795, d. Feb. 6, 1865, aged 69 yrs, 10 mo. M. July 16, 1816, Amos Morgan. (Book 4)
Book 7 Family Group VIII
B O W E R S
Plymouth Colony Records; History of Cambridge - Paige; Ancient Landmarks of Plymouth - Davis; Virkus, Vol. 5, 237; NEHGR Vol. 8:345; History of Chelmsford and Chelmsford V.R.; History of Rev. John Bowers; Brush-Bowen Gen; Journal of American History, Vol. 6, No. 3, 1912.
George Bowers may have been a descendant of Richard De Bures, Normandy to England. Thomas Bowers was of Iwerne Minster, Dorset, England. George Bowers is believed to be the third son, of the third wife of Thomas Bowers. George Bowers from Manley (Parish) Lincolnshire, Eng. to Scitu ate, Mass. George Bower from Braithwell, Yorkshire, to Scituate (History of English Emigrants - Banks)
I - Elnathan DUNCKLEE married, 1656, Silence Bowers of Cambridge.
- I -
George (1)- Bowers of Manley, Lincolnshire, England b. about 1590, d. Cambridge, Mass. late in 1656, his will of Nov. 8 probated 30 Dec. of that year (1656). M. at Braithwell. "George Bowers of Manley Diocese and Barbara Smyth of Braythwell, County York 1614." (2-9- 1614/15) (M. rec. from Jour. of .Amer. Hist.) Barbara b. abt. 1594, d. Cambridge, Hass. Mar. 25, 1644. M. (2nd) Elizabeth Worthington, who survi11ed him and married (2nd) June 25, 1657, Henry Boutwell (Bowtell). According to an answer in Hartford Times, George Bower owned land in Duxbury, Scituate, Chelmsford and Cambridge. He owned land in Duxbury, record undated; and was of Scituate, 1636. He is said to have been one of the Hooker party, and bought land in Plymouth, 1636/7 for 60 pounds and in 1639 for 100 pounds. He resided in Ch~lmsford. He was freeman ,637, and member of General Court Plymouth 1637, and held many town offices. In 1639 Edward Winslow sold to George Bower nine acres, with the provision "That if the said Edward Winslow shall come and build upon the two furthermost of the nine acres and dwell upon them himself, that ••• (he) shall have them at the saEe rate that the said George Bower shall then have layd forth upon them." He moved to Cambridge about 1641. His home was on the easterly side of North Avenue, not far from the Railroad bridge.· This is now Massachusetts Avenue. Book 7 Family Group VIII
2 George1 BOWERS
General Court, May 1652. Thomas Danforth reported an unhappy difficulty between the father (George Bowers) and son (Benanuel). He complained against George Bowers "For sending a deed committed to his trust, with several articles between the said George Bowers and Benanuel Bowers his son," for which offence a fine was imposed. At the same Court, "George Bowers of Cambridge being complained on for putting in a vote on the election day for the Governor, acknow ledged the fact, not only this yea?' but every year since he came into these parts, (and) pleaded ignorance. It is ordered that the said George Bowers, for the offence thel'ein, shall pay the sum of 10 pounds." He was not an owner freeman and therefore not a legal voter.
In 1656 he conveyed to his son, Benanuel, 20 acres in Charlestown1 adjoining Cambridge line.
Children of George and Barbara Bowers. Apparently, she was the mother of all his children. Exact order of birth is not known. In "Kilpatrick Famil.y" p. 213, it is stated, John, Matthew and Ruth born in England, and perhaps others. John, b. in England. d. Derby, Conn, 14 June 1687. M. (1st) Rebecca, dau. of Thos. Gregson of East Haven, Conn. Thomas Gregson of New Haven was lost with the "Great Ship", (no date). M. (2nd) in New Haven, Bridget, dau. of Anthony Thompson. Matthew, "of Cambridge", d. 30 Jan. 1645; Ruth, b. in England, M. Plymout~, Aug. 15, 1639, Richard Knowles; Benanuel, b. Eng. (May have been the eldest son - HRK) M. Dec. 9, 1653, Elizabeth Dunster. He was of Charlestown. See further note. Patience, "widow of Daniel Wolfe", Silence, b. about 1635, of whom further. Jerathmael, under age at time of his father's death. d. 1721. M. Elizabeth-----.
Silence, daughter of George and Barbara Bowers, b. about 1635, Cambridge, Mass, M. Dec. 14, 1656, Elnathan Duncklee, of New Hampshire.
In his will, George Bowers mentions ''my loving wife" sons, Jerathmael and Benanuel, (Matthew had pre-deceased him) and daughters Patience and Silence. Book 7 Family Group VIII
3 John2 B O W E R S Not an ancestor
John (later, Rev. John) was born in England before 1625, and died June 14, 1687. He graduated from Harvard College 1649. Savage lists him "of Derby", (Derby, Conn). He was the earliest school master of Plymouth, 1650, and in 1653 went, in the same capacity, to New Haven, on invitation of Gev. Eaton, and there taught until 1660, and afterwards in other towns. (New Haven 1653 to 1672, according to Hartford Times.) He later became a preacher. Bridget (Thompson) his second wife, survived him.
His son, Jobn3, was also a minister. He was pastor at Guilford, New Haven, Branford, Derby (1677), and Rye, in Connecticut.
Benanue12 Not an ancestor
Benanuel's wife, Elizabeth (Dunster) was the niece of Henry Dunster, first president of Harvard.
In 1656~ land was conveyed to Benanuel by his father.
1677: He deposed, "I am about 60· years of age", thirty of which he had dwelt within about a mile of Cambridge Town. (Therefore b. abt. 1617 - HRK).
Read tbe troubles of Benanuel, because of his Quaker sympathies, in "History of Cambridge" by Paige. pp 344--352.
As Elizabeth Hooten, crying repentance through some part of that town (Cambridge) where no Friend had been before, she was laid hold of "by a blood thirsty crewn, and was thrust into a "noisome, Stinky dungeon", without bread or water for two days and two nights. Benanuel Bower (a tender Friend) brought her a little milk, and they cast him into prison for entertaining a stranger, and fined him five pounds.
At the County Court, October 6, 1663, Benanuel Bowers appearing before the court, was convicted of absenting himself from the church meetings and entertaining Quakers in his family, for which the court fined him on both counts. For the next twenty years he was called to account, almost every year, and fined for absenting himself (also his wife) from the public ordinances.
In October 3, 1676, when fined forty shillings for his absence and twenty shillings for his wife, with costs of court, he refused to pay, and was committed to prison, where he remained for more than a year. During this time he offered several petitions to the County Cout-t and General Court. When finally released he does not appear to be penitent. though there seems to be no further trouble; and his fellow residents do not seem to have considered him an arch heretic. Book 7 Family Group VIII
Novemb. 8th 1656
I George Bowers of Cambr. in the county of Middlesex in N. E. being weak and ill, and not knowing how the Lord may dispose of me. I do hereby ordaine & make this my last will and testament. My poore Imortall Soule I do desire (with some measure of hope) to leave with and remitt unto the everlasting mercie of God the Father in Christ Jesus, and my poore body to be decently buried by my Executor. And as for my outward estate, my will is that it shall be disposed of as followeth. Imp. To my loving wife and my sonne Jerathmaell I do give my house, my land, not formerly disposed of by me, and all my household stuffes and cattle, with all other my moveable estate of what kind soever. And in case my wife do marry again, my will then is that my sonne Jerathmaell, and the one moyetey of my estate bequeathed to my wife and my sonne Jerathmaell be disposed of according as my executors shall see meet for the behooffe of my said sonne Jerathmaell. Also in case my wife shall survive my sonne Jerathmael's nonage, vizt. twenty one years of age, my will then is, that my sonne Jerathmael shall have my now dwelling house and land adjoining together with that six acres that I bought of Deacon Stone with in Cambridge bounds, to him the said Jerathmael his Heyers & Assignes for ever. And in case my sonne Jerathmaell shall depart this life before he survive to 21 years of age, my will then is that the said legacy given to my wife and him (reserving and accepting always forty pounds to my wife) shall be divided as followeth:vizt. to my sonne Jn° Bowers, as an acknow ledgement of my Love and remembrance of him, twenty shillings, and the remainder to be equally Divided between my two Daughters Patience and Silence or to their children in case of their Decease. Also my will is that in case the said legacy bequeathed to my wife & sonne Jerathmael, Am9unt not by a just and equall Apprizall, by indif ferent persons chosen by my Exect. unto eighty pounds, that then the same shall be made up eighty pounds out of that debt of thirty pounds Due to me from my sonne Benanuell, provided that it shall not exceed ten pounds of the said debt. Also my will is that the Remainder twenty pounds Due to be pd by my sonne Benanuell: together with ye amount be of ye ten pounds in case any be remaining, when the aolb to my sonne and wife be made up: that the same be equally divided between my two Daughters Patience and Silence. As for my sonne Benanuell, I having already (even beyond my ability) parted with and made over my estate unto him I think not meet to give him any thing. ffinally I Do nomenate and appoynt my Lo: friends Edw. Oakes & Thomas Danforth Executors of this my last will & testament.
His marke George X Bowers Book 7 Family Group VIII
2
George Bowers Will
In witness whereof I hereunto put my hand Read, signed and Examined In presence off Mathew Bridge George Willmot
Edward Oakes and George Willenot aEpearing before the County Court held at Charlestown in Decemb. 3ot 1656 Attested upon oath that the within named George Bowers deceased being of disposing mind, Declared this instrument to be his last Will and Testament.
Thomas Danforth, Recorder
Entered and recorded December 30th 1656 by Thomas Danforth, Recorder
Book 7 Family Group VIII
FRENCH
"Genealogical Research in England", transcribed by Miss Elizabeth French, and communicated by the Committee on English Research. From: The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Vol. LXV, 1911, pp 284-286
I have reduced this information to a considerable degree. HRK
For many years the descendants of William French of Cambridge, Mass. who came to New England in 1636, in the Defence, have supposed that he was the William French who was baptized in Halstead, Essex, 15 March 1603, son of Thomas F'I'ench of Halstead Hall, Essex, Eng. We know that the emigrant had a brother John of Cambridge, Mass., whose estate he administered in 1645/6. Thomas French of Halstead Hall also had a son John. William French is said to have been seventy seven years of age when he died in 1681. The names of his children agree with the names of some of Thomas French's children, namely Francis, John, Elizabeth and Mary. All these made the conn,ection seem most probable, especially as the Harlakendens and Rev. Thomas Shepherd, the leaders of the party that came in the Defence, came from Earl's Co1ne, but two miles &om Halstead.
Now, however, it appears that this supposed ancestry of William French of New England, is wrong, as the investigation of H. Hutchins French, Esq. of London, has disclosed. Mr. French has made an extended research into the French families of Suffolk and Essex, and has shown all his pap-ers and allowed extracts to be made from them. It was he who first called attention to the fact William, the son of Thomas French of Stanstead Hall, died in England. This William French was a bachelor.
The article ends: There was, however, another French in Halstead to which belonged a William born in 1606- The information regarding them in the church registers is slight. Book 7 Family Group VIII
F R E N C H
History of Cambridge - Paige; French and Allied Families - Beyer; Boston and Eastern Mass. - Cutter.
II - Nathaniel DUNCKLEE married, 1693, Mary (French) Sharp.
- I - Lieut. William French (later Capt.) was the emigrant ancestor· of this family. He is said to have come from Halstead. b. ca. 1604 (or 1606) d. Billerica, Mass. Nov. 20, 1681. M. (1st) Eng. Elizabeth Symmes, daughter of Randall and his wife Ann (Burton) Symmes. Elizabeth d. Mar. 31, 1668, ae 62. M. (2nd) May 6, 1669, Mary (Lathrop) Stearns, widow of John Stearns, and daughter of Thomas Lathrop of Barnstable. Mary married (3rd) June 29, l687, Isaac Mixer of Watertown~ as his third wife.
William French came in the ship "Defence" in 1636, with a party from Halstead, and adjoining towns, with Rev. Thomas Sheperd and his brother Samuel, Roger Harlakenden, and Joseph and George Cooke. Roger Harlekenderi is called "cousinu. Roger's first wife, Emlyn Scroggs, was a first cousin of Elizabeth Symmes. Sara Symmes, sister of Elizabeth, came with William and Elizabeth French to Cambridge. She never married and in her will mentioned "brother William French". Harlakendenrs "near relative", who came in the same ship, was from Earl's Colne, Essex.
William French was a tailor. In 1638, he was a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston.
He settled first in Cambridge, and resided on the westerly side of Dunster Street. The property he bought in 1639 was sold 18 July 1656, to William Barrett.
In 1652 he was one of the original settlers and proprietors of Billerica, where he had 150 acres. He bought part of the Old Dudley Farm in "Shawshin" (Billerica) and his house stood near the turnpike, east of Bedford Road, near Ralph Hill's house. Hill is called his brother in his will.
He was a Lieutenant of the militia, and afterwards Captain. In 1659, he was chosen to "sit in the deacon's seat", and that same year was commissioner to establish the county rates. 1660: He was the Book 7 Family Group VIII
3 F R E N C H first representative to the General Court at Boston, taking his seat in 1663. He was one of the first s~lectmen and served nine years. In 1661 he was on the committee to examine children and servants in "I"eading, religion and the catechism." He was a leading man in his town. LateI" Billerica became a part of Cambridge.
William French was an officer in King Philip's War. (He would have been about 70. Men were not required to serve after 60. HRK)
A tract entitled "Strength out of Weakness", written by him, giving a detailed account of an Indian convert to Christianity, was published in London, and afterward re-published in Massachusetts Historical Society Collections.
His estate was divided and the record filed Jan. 6, 1687. One third went to the widow~ and two-ninths to each of his three daughters, Mary, Sarah and Hannah, one of whom was "Mary ffrench now Mary Sharp", and when the three daughters signed as giving their consent to the division, all signed by mark, with their married names, though Sarah was not married until May, 1691, and Hannah not until Oct. 1693. Mary signed as "Mary Dunklin"~ and although nothing is known of her first husband, the record seems correct. (StuaI"t and Allied Families)
Mary French, wife of William, was still living, "very aged" in 1735.
Children of-William French. Four came with him in the Defence.
1. Francis, b. abt. 1625, d. Feb. 14, 1681, M. Apr. 10, 1661, Lydia Bonnell;
2. Elizabeth, b. 1629-31, M. Richard Ellis (or Robert Elliot) of Dedham;
3. Mary, b. 1632/3, M. Jonathan Hyde;
4. John b. in 1635, was but five months old when brought over. d. Billerica, October 1712. M. Abigail Coggan, (2) Hannah Burrage. Married four times. Soldier in King Philip's War.
Born in N. E., prob. all Cambridge:
5. Sarah, b. Mar. 1638, Cambridge, Mass. M. 15 Aug. 1660, Jonathan Peake;
6. Jacob, Mar. 16, 1639/40. d. 20 May 1713, ae 73, M. Mary Champney; Book 7 Family Group VIII
4 FR E N C H
Hannah, b. Apr. 12, 1641, d. June 20 following;
7. Hannah, b, Feb. 16, 1644, d. May 9, 1674 M. Billerica, 6 Sept. 1661 John Brackett, 9 chn.
a. Samuel, b. Dec. 3, 1645, a. July 15, 1646;
9. Samuel, b. abt. 1648, M. Dec. 24, 1682, Sarah Cummings. Pioneer of Dunstable, Mass.
Chn. by Mary: born Billerica,
10. Mary, b. Apr. 3, 1670, of whom further;
11. Sarah, b. Oct. 29, 1671 M. May 6, 1691, Joseph Crosby of Billerica. 12 chn. (Hartford Times, Feb. 15, 1965. No ref.) Joseph Crosby, July S, 1669, son of Simon (1637=1725). Joseph's wife called Susan but otherwise agrees, as above.
12. Abigail, b. Apr. 14, 1673, d. Apr. 13, 1674;
13. Hannah, b. Jan. 25, 1676, M. Oct. 5, 1693, John Childs of Watertown
Mary (Lathrop-Stearn) French was the mother of four daughters by Captain French, and four sons by Mr. Stearns.
Ma::y French, daughter_ of William and Mary French, b. Billerica, Mass. April 3, 1670, d. Lexington, Mass. Sept. 17, 1729, M. (1st) Robert Sharp, who d. bef. 1687, M. (2nd) Mar. 23, 1693, Nathaniel Duncklee. (Dunckler) - NEHGR 44:36)
A grandson of William French, and s0n of John, named William French, a resident of Dummerston in the New Hampshire grants, was the celebrated victim of the Westminster massacre in 1775. As this was the direct re sult of the first organized resistance to British authority in the American Colonies, William French has been claimed as the first martyr to the cause of independence. He was shot March ye 13th 1775, at "11 o'clock at Night in the 23rd year of his age."
"HERE WILLIAM FRENCH his body lies For Murder his Blood for Vengeance Cries King George the third his Tory Crew that with a Bawl his Head Shot threw For Liberty and his Countrys Good he Lost his Life and dearest Blood." Book 7 Family Group VIII
LOT· HR OP (Lathrop)
The surname LOTHROP (or Lathrop) is derived from the parish Lowthorpe. Thorp means village, so the meaning of the word is low village. It was a village of about one hundred and fifty inhabitants.
Walter de Lowthorpe was elected high sheriff of Yorkshire in 1216, and the name has been common in Yorkshire from that time. A prominent family of Lathroppe lived in Staffordshire before 1560. Robert de Lowthrop was a chaplain of the church, St. Martin's, in this parish in the reign of Richard II.
LOWTHROP: The English family which came from Lowthorpe, a small parish in the wapentake of Dickering, East Riding of Yorkshire; a perpetual curacy in the archdeaconry of York. The church there was an ancient institution, said to have been built about the time of Edward III, although there has been no institution to it since 1579.
John (C) Lowthroppe was a fairly prominent citizen. In the early part of the sixteenth century, he was living in Cherry Burton, and was a gentleman having landed estates in various parts of Yorkshire. There is no record of his parentage or of any of the members of his family, except the account of his son.
Robert (B) Lowthropp, who succeeded to the paternal estates in Cherry Burton, and died in 1558. (Some accounts give John as the father of Thomas (A). Among the children of Robert was
Thomas (A) Lothropp, who was born in Cherry Burton and married three times, there being issue of each wife. One of the children of his second marriage was
Rev. John (1) Lothropp, the American ancestor of one of the principle branches of the family in America.
Thomas (2) Lothrop married Sarah (Larned) Ewer, widow. Mary, daughter of Thomas and Sarah, married second, as second wife, William French. Book 7 Family Group VIII
L O T H R O P (Lathrop)
Ancient Landmarks of Plymouth; American Clergymen; Colonial Clergy of New England - Weis, 1936; Lo-Lathrop Genealogy - Huntington, 1884; History and Genealogy - Briggs; The Encyclopedia Americana.
Rev. John Lothrop is an Encyclopedia ancestor. The Lothrop family is among the oldest of the colonial families who settled in New England. Members of this family suffered persecution and im prisonment for expressing their opinions and living according to their honest religious convictions. They secured immunity from fur ther molestation by their promise to leave their country. Two half brothers, sons of Thomas Lowthroppe of Cherry Burton, were the first of the family to emigrate. One was Rev. John Lothropp and the other was Mark Lothrop.
This name is also spelled Lathrup, Lathropp, Laythropp.
REV. J O H N L O T H R O P
Rev. Master John Lothrop, American Clergyman. b. Elton, East Riding, Yorkshire, England. bpt. 20 Dec. 1584. Son of Thomas.
d. Barnstable, Mass. 9 Nov. 8, 165 3.
M. 1st, in England, Hannah, dau. of Rev. John House of Eastwark. License dated 10 Oct. 1616, at Eastwark. She died while he was in prison.
M. 2nd, previous to June 16, 1635, Anna, b. Eng. dau. of- William Hammond. Mrs. Ann Lothrop d. 25 Feb. 1687/8.
The exact date of the second marriage is not known, but in the church records, in his hand: "June 16, 1635, My wife and Brother Foxwell's wife joined having dismission from elsewhere."
John Lothrop was educated at Queen's College, Cambridge, England, A.B. 1605, and M.A. 1609. Dec. 20, 1607 he was ordained Deacon. He was Curate at Bennington Herts. He settled at Egerton, Kent, where he was Rector, 1609 to 1622.
He was a disciple of Henry Jacob, founder of English Congregational ism, who was once in exile in Holland. Master Henry Jacob had set up an Independent Church in England in 1616. This was the first Congregational Book 7 Family Group VIII
3 REV. J O H N LOTHROP
Church in the world. In 1624, with the consent of his chu~ch, he went to Virginia, where soon after, he died. Upon his departure, his con gregation chose Master Lothrop their Pastor. Thus he became minister of the first Independent and Congregational church organized in England. He was at Southwark, London, 1623 to 1634.
The church at Southwark furnished some of the passengers for the Mayflower when she sailed from the Thames, in 1620, to join the Pilgrims from Holland in the Speedwell on their voyage to N. E. The Southwark Church is now the Memorial Church of the Pilgrim Fathers.
He and his congregation underwent annoyance and persecution at the hands of the churchmen. On the 20th of April, 1632, Rev. John Lothrop and forty-two of the members were apprehended at the home of Mr. Barnett in Blackfriars and were imprisoned, by order of Archbishop Laud. He was tried by the Star Chamber and imprisoned in Newgate~ becuase they prac ticed the teaching of the New Testament, that is: they lived according to the simple life which Jesus taught. In 1634 they were all released except John Lothrop, the leader and chief offender. During his confine ment, he was bereft by the death of his wife, and was further troubled by division in his flock over a question of baptism. He was released from prison upon promising to leave the country.
He was undoubtedly, says Banks, the inspiration for the emigration of a large contingent from the Weald of Kent, who settled in Scituate. In 1634, he sailed in. the Griffin, and arrived at Boston 18th of Sept. and formed a settlement in the wilderness called Scituate. While they were aboard the Griffin, Mistress Anne Hutchinson engaged Lothrop and Symmes in theological bouts. An original letter, still in existence, (1866) reports their arrival and describes their first meeting, held in the house of Mr. Cudworth.
He was ordained at Scituate that year, Sept. 27, and was in Scituate from 1634 to '39. He was admitted freeman of Plymouth Colony, 1636-37. He was the first Puritan minister of Scituate. Cornet Stetson (an ances tor) was believed to be one of the company that came with him. When the church was organized, Nathaniel Tilden was chosen Ruling Elder, and was very active in the religious life of the settlement.
The land on the Second Cliff, Scituate, was divided between ••• nine gentlemen called "Men of Kent" because they migrated from there. Mr. Lothrop describes the first houses as "small, plaines palisade houses." In Jan. 1637/8 it was recorded that a number of totmsmen~ in cluding Mr. John Lothrop, Anthony Annable~ James Cudworth, Edward Foster, Isaac Robinson, Humphrey Turner (an ancestor) and others complained "that they have such small proportions of land allotted to them they cannot subsist upon them", and the Court of Assistants granted them Book 7 Family Group VIII
4 REV. J O H N LOTHROP
other lands~ but under certain conditions which were not acceptable, and consequently the grant became void.
In 1638, troubles arose in Mr. Lathrop's congregation. His Journal gives a list of the members of his church at Scituate before his removal to Barnstable.
Scituate suffered the loss of many of her inhabitants, owing to great numbers - more than half the congregation - following Rev. Lothrop to Barnstable. When they withdrew, Elder Tilden stood with the remainder of the chUI'ch, and was a leader until the advent of Mr. Chauncey in 16~1.
Rev. Lothrop and his followers moved to Cape Cod, settling at Barnstable. He was the first minister and there he remained until his death. The records of these towns, kept in "an original register" written by him, are referred to as authority by Prince in his "Annals of New England."
"Abstracts of Ea:r,liest Wills" NEHGR Vol. V:260 (Here given in brief to show those he named) Mr. John Lothrop (Barnstable) Pastor of the church. His will dated Aug. 10, 1653. To his wife, the house he then lived in, To his eldest son Themas, the house formerly occupied by him in Barnstable. To son Benjamin ••• To son John, who is in Eng1 ••• To daughter Jane an9 Barbara .•• He requested his children to take in order of their ages such of his books as they may wish, and the rest he orders to "bee sold to any honest man whoe can tell how to make use of them." Inventory~ Dec. 8, 1653. Amt. 72 pounds, 16s, 6d. His will and inventory can be found in Mayflower Descendant Vol. XI:42.
He was a man of great piety and energy, and did much to further the secular as well as the spiritual welfare of the colony. According to the Pilgrims, he was a man "indowed with a Competent measure of Gifts", and "eminently indowed with a great brokenes of hart and humilitie of sperrit".
In the Old Colony there was much open sympathy for the poor harassed Friends, who made many converts by their bravery. Neighbors often went to great lengths to protect them from the authorities. Barnstable remembered the liberal doctrine taught by John Lothrop, who accepted all ••• who professed faith in God and promised to Book 7 Family Group VIII
5 REV. J O H N L O T H R O P
keep the Ten commandments. He was busy at Barnstable, dispensing the Word there, "willing to spend and to be spent for the cause of the church of Christ".
He is said to be the author of "Queries respecting Baptism".
Children by his first wife, Hannah (House). Born in England.
1. Samuel, abt. 1620, M. Nov. 28! 1644, Elizabeth~ widow of Thomas Scudder. They had 9 chn. 2. Thomas, 1621, of whom further; 3. Benjamin, ~'7ife Mat"garet, (acc. to Hartford Times, Dec. 2, 1963) 4. Jane, M. Apr. 8, 1634 Samuel (2) Fuller. "Married at Mr. Cudworth' s by Captaine Standige". 5. Barbara. M. an Emerson; 6. Joseph, 1624, M. Dec. 11, 1650, Mary Ansel. This marriage is the last recorded by the Rev. John Lothrop in the register of the Barnstable Church.
By his second wife, Anne; 7. Barnabas, bpt. at Scituate, Mass. June 6, 1636, -- (entry in his father's hand) d. Oct. 26, 1715. M. Dec. 1, 1658. Susann~, dau. of Thomas and Susanna (Ring) Clar-ke, of Plymouth. Shed. Sept. 28, 1697 ae 55. See further note.* 8. Abigail, 1639, M. James Clarke; 9. Bathsheba, 1642; 10. John, 1645. The Paul Prince chart shows that Joanna, dau. of Joseph and Joanna Prince, M. John Lothrop of Barnstable.
One account gives names of eleven children plus two who died in infancy. The additional name is Sarah.
"First Settlers of Barnstable, Ms." John Lothrop was father of three families, listed in NEHGR Vol. 11:195. Barnabas, Joseph and Thomas.
* Barnabas became a noted man. He was Asst. Gov. Old Colony, 1681-86, & 1689-92. He was the first judge of Probate in Barnstable, on the organization of the court, having his brother Joseph as Clerk. Book 7 Family Group VIII
6 Thomas2 LOTHROP -II- Thomas2 Lothrop, of Ba.I'Ilstable, son of John and Hannah (House) Lothrop. b. Eng. abt. 1621. Deposed, 1701, ae "about 80". M. 1639, Sarah, widow of Thomas Ewer 1 and dau. of William Larned.
Their children were: Mary, of whom further; Hannah 18 Oct. 1642; Thomas 7 July 1644; Melatiah, 2 Nov. 1646, d. 6 Feb. 1711/12, ae 66, M. 20 May, 1667 1 Sarah Farrar, who d. 23 May 1712, ae 64.
Bethiah, 23 July 1649 1 "departed this life" July 10, 1694, M. July 1668, John Hinckley, who d. 7 Dec. 1709.
Mary, dau. of Thomas and Sarah Lothrop, b. Barnstab1e, Oct. 4, 1640, M. 1st, as second wife, Nov. 20, 1656, John Stearns* of Billerica, who d. Mar. 5, 1668/9. They had five chn. M. 2nd, May 6, 1669 Capt. William French, of Billerica. He died Nov. 20, 1681, age 78. She was his 2nd wife. M. 3rd, June 29, 1684, Isaac Mixer, Jr. of Watertown. He was the brother of John Stearns' first wife.
Mary was living, "very aged", 1736. * John2 Ste~rns, son of Isaacl, was among first settlers of Billerica, Mass. He was b. abt. 1631. He M. 1st, 1653, Sarah, dau. of Isaac and Sarah Mixer of ~atertown. Shed. June 1~, 1656, leaving one child. (New England Families - Cutter)
Chn. of John and Mary Stearns: Isaac, b. Apr. 17, 1658, d. Oct. 9, 1659, Samuel Sept. 3, 1659, Isaac, 1661, d. 1739, Nathaniel Nov. 30, 1663, Thomas, Dec. 6, 1665.
There was a John Lothrop, D.D., Cong. Church, Old North, graduated College New Jersey, 1763 - Ordained May 18, 1768. Book 7 Family Group VIII
BARNSTABLE
History of the town of Middleboro by Thomas Weston
November 1, 1673: William, Wetispaquin, Assawata, Tobyas, and Beevatt Indians - for 10 pounds sold to John Tomson, Joseph
Lothrop and Barnabas Laythrop, at Barnstable - a tract bounded northerly by Quetaquash pond, easterly by Quetaquash river and
Snipetuet pond; and from the eastennost and southermost side of a little neck of land by the said Snipetuet pond, and so from the eastermo.st side of a little pond on a straight line from thence
to Dartmouth path 100 rods; southerly from the Dartmouth new bound tree, and so all along by Dartmouth path until within sight
of Quatequash; (diffel"ence in spelling as found) and from the path on a straight line to the southermost end of the pond and by
the pond.
Witnesses are listed.
July 13, 1685. This court allow & confirm all the lands ••
above mentioned, etc.
On the list of proprietors of this purchase, are the following
ancestors, Experience Mitchell, George Morton, Elder Cushman, John
Haskall, Jr. Book 7 Family Group VIII
LATHROP OR LOTHROP
During King Philip's War, 1675-76, Capt. Lathrop and eighty men - Capt. Lathrop's Company - were killed at Bloody Brook, near Deerfield. The stream was so named after this tragedy.
I (HRK) don't know whether he is of this Lothrop line or not. If he were, one would expect to find it in the records. Account of this battle in FLINTLOCK and TOMAHAWK, by Leach, p. 87.
Puritan City, by Frances Winwar
The new terror had broken out in the beginning of 1675, when King Philip, chief of the Wampanoags in Ri.~ode Island, had gathered the tribes together in a wa.11 for the extermination of the English. In fierce bands the Indian would fall upon a town in the night, and the next morning the sun would light up charred bodies and gutted houses, covered by a pall of smoke.
In the colony's effort to cope with the menace, Salem men and ar'ms were called upon 9 and the town responded generously. Under Capt. Thomas Lathrop, who had once lived with the old Planters on Conant Street but who removed to that part of Salem which was incorporated as Beverly, a company of foot soldiers drawn largely from the town and its environs, was ordered to t~e Connecticut Valley. They were all choice youths, not one of them over twnety-two.
For several months they hunted the Indians who had destroyed the settlement of Brookfield and then marched to Deerfields where a quantity of grain lay in stack for the suffering towns. Eighteen teamsters heaped the corn into carts, and under protection of Lathrop's soldiers started out for Hadley. It was a hot day in mid-September. The men were thirsty and weary from the long march. At Muddy Brook, near South Deerfield, they came upon vines laden with clusters of ripening grapes, and seeing themselves safe, separated into groups to gather them for refreshment. Suddenly several hundred Indians who had lain in ambush for the party, leaped out of the shrubbery and with savage whoops fell upon them with their bows and firearms. Of Lathrop's "Flower of Essex" only a few wounded survivors escaped to tell the tale. The teamsters we1..,e all slain. "A black and fatal day." Popular sorrow commemorated the place by changing its name to Bloody Brook. Book 7 Family Group VIII
A R C H B I S H O P LAUD
M I N I S T E R S S I L E N C E D
Encyclopedia Americana, Vol. 23; The Dartmouth Bible; The New England Chronology, by Rev. T. Prince; Early American History.
An English law enacted in 1414, provided that those who read the Scriptures in the mother tongue should "forfeit land, cattle, life and goods from their heirs forever." Some were even burned at the stake for the offense, with copies of the book dangling from their necks.
William Laud (1573-1645) was ordained in the Anglican Church in 1601. He later won prefe~ment at court, and became Archbishop of Canterbury. He became virtual first minister of Great Britain, and with the king and Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Stafford, constituted the "triumvirate" which attempted to achieve absolutism for the crown in political and ecclesiastical affairs. He was opposed by Calvinism and Puritanism.
July, 1605. The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, meeting in Aberdeen, were presented by the king's commission with a letter from the Lords of the Council, requiring them to dissolve without appointing anothe~ assembly. However, according to custom, they appointed an assembly to meet in September, and then dissolved. For this offense, the Council sent Master John Forbes, the moderator, and thirteen other ministers to several prisons.
Archbishop Laud was a persecutor of the Puritans and a leader in the effort to enforce strict conformity with the rituals and practice of the Church of England, and to promote the divine right of kings, in which he believed 9 and which the Puritans fought. "The High Flying Bishops" increased the ceremonies, and so rigorously imposed them, as to allow no worship in the church without them. Those who could not in conscience comply were severely prosecuted.
A list of the clergy ~as prepared by Laud for the king, each name with an O (Orthodox to be promoted) or P (Puritan to be suppressed). The Puritan ministers were then deprived under admonition, and were denied their privileges. Some had preached in their church ten, some twenty, and some thirty or more years. Some of the ceremonies had been disused for ten years, some twenty 9 and in others for thirty or more. To be excommunicated meant that the privilege of marriage, baptism and burial at the parish church were denied them. (And with it their right to enter Heaven. HRK) Book 7 Family Group VIII
ARCHBISHOP LAUD MINISTERS SILENCED
Laud made it impossible for any honest believing Puritan minister to keep his living. Authors of pamphlets were hunted down, and pun ished without mercy in the Star Chamber. Lectures and meetings were suppressed. It was not even necessary to commit an overt act of sepa ration from the church, to be severely punished. If a man's frunily should refuse to attend church, he could be imprisoned for harboring his own kin. The London prisons were filled with objectors.
Proceedings taken against non-conformists caused many English families to leave their homes and emigrate. Some went first to Holland, and later to New England. Archbishop Laud 1 s theological position, with his known determination to revive use of the disc~ded ceremonies and compel uniformity in worship, launched the great Puritan migration to Massachusetts Bay Colony. Some of the best types of small gentry, yeomen, and craftsmen joined the migration. Nor were these people ignorant of the character of the wilderness~ 3000 miles across the ocean.
During the years from 1630 to 1640 the growth of the (Bay) Colony was very rapid. It is estimated that by 1641 three hundred vessels bearing some twenty thousand passengers had crossed the Atlantic. 1635 saw the flight of the greatest number of emigrants.
New England opened her arms to embrace them. Here they might set up churches in their own worship, matter, form and discipline, entirely after the New Testament model, and enjoy great Christian liberty with out disturbance; and transmit them to their successors. Led by accom plished ministers and educated men of affairs, many thousand families embarked from England, and by 1645 the new England theocracy with its three score ministers, its colleges, schools, press, and civil magis trates were firmly established.
The COURT OF STAR CHAMBER is another name for the Privy Council, and 'all offences m~y be here examined and punished if the king will'. The Court of Star Chamber, a royal court of arbitrary jurisdiction, was ••• a means whereby the Stuart kings oppressed the Puritans and any who opposed their tyranny. The Star Chamber and Archbishop Laud meted out severe punishment, even mutilation, to the opponents of the king. As puritan and parliamentary opposition developed, it incurred odium for severe penalties. In 1640 the prevailing Puritan Long Parlia ment impeached Laud for treason, and though their action against him was nullified by the House of Lords, he was condemned and beheaded.
,.. ... - - ... -- ... -- -- - ._ .. ------.. ------,_., - - - ~ It must not be thought that this Puritan rebellion against the Anglican Church practices was the only reason for emigration. This was a period of expansion, and there were a number of reasons. Book 7 Family Group VIII
H O U S E
Hartford Times, Dec. 26, 1961 & Apr. 9, 1962, Ref: Flagg's Founding of New England.
This name is also spelled Howse, Howes.
Rev. John House was of Eastwark, Kent, England
Wife: Alice ------ •
They had eight children:
Hannah,
Samuel~ 5th child, bpt. Eastwell (prob. Eastwark - HRK) Kent, Eng. bpt. June 10, 1610, d. 1681, M. 1634/5 Elizabeth, daughter of William Hammond of Watertown. Samuel was in Scituate 1634, and was one of the founders of the church in 1645.
Elsewhere find record of three older children - names not given - among them Hannah.
Hannah, oldest child of Rev. John House and wife Alice.
M. (License dated) Oct. 10, 1616, Rev. John Lothrop. She was mother of the children born in England. She died while Rev. John Lothrop was in prison. Book 7 Family Group VIII
L E A R N E D
Larned
Learned-Lamed Genealogy; Learned Family, by William Learned, 1898; Learned Genealogy, NEHGR V. 33:191; Woburn Town Records.
Larned: Our great-grandfather's pronunciation of "Learned", (Romance of Names, Weekly)
Learned, an ancient English family name, is vaioursly spelled Larned, Larnit, Larnet, and Larnett. One reference states that Learned (Larned-Larnett) is consid~red a foreign name as it is not English. It may have been a corruption of the name Leonard.
William1 Learned, emigrant ancestor, was of Bermondsey parish, co. Surrey, England. He must have been born abt. 1585 or before, judging from the birth of his daughter Sarah. d. (says the record) 1 Mar. 1646 Frothingham says 5 Apr. 1646. Wife Goodith came with him. M. (2nd) Sarah----, who d. at Malden~ 24 Jan. 1660/61.
He came to Charlestown, Mass., as early as 1630. He is first heard of when he joined the church with his wife Goodith. The first Church of Charlestown had separated from Boston, and the first admis sion was "1632 - 10 mo. day 6, .William Learned and Goodith, his wife were admitted."
GOODITH is said to be from the Saxon name Gooditha, and was sometimes written Judith or Jane.
He became freeman, May 14-, 1634, and was selectman of Charles town in 1636. In 164-1 he removed to Woburn and was one of seven to found the First Church of Woburn. He was chosen Constable on Apr. 13, 1643. He was first selectman of Woburn and held other offices. He continued to live in Woburn.
He was evidently a man of education and ability and a leader. He was a member of the committee to propose to the General Court a body of laws in 1636. In the trouble of 1637 he was on the side of modera tion as far as to disapprove the banishment of Wheelwright. Book 7 Family Group VIII
2 LEARNED
Children - Parish record of Bermondsey, co. Surrey, England.
1. Sarah is not given• in the baptisms, but given later,
2. Bethia, bpt. 1612, 3. Mary, " 1615, 4. .Abigail, " 1618, s. Elizabeth, rr 1621 6. Isaac, b. Feb. 25, 1623, in England, prob. came with his father when about seven or eight years old. He married, at Woburn, July 9, 1646, Mary, daughter of Isaac Stearns, and sister of John Stearns, first husband of Mary Lothrop. Isaac sold out and went to Chelmsford, where he died Nov. 27, 1657.
Sarah, b. 1607,
M. 1624 Thomas Ewer,
M. (2nd) 1639, Thomas, son of Rev. John Lothrop, of Barnstable. Book 7 Family Group VIII
W I L S O N
Boston and Eastern Massachusetts - Cutter; History of Cambridge - Paige; Savage; and Various Sources.
Gillelme - Medieval,
Wilson - Mode1"'1n.
Wilson, a form of William. (Romance of Names, Weekly)
The name is also spelled Velson, Vellison and Vallison, for some reason; and possibly the original spelling of the name was Vallison or a form beginning with "V". The name Wilson goes back to the Scotch clan of Will.
- III -
Hezekiah DUNCKLEE married, 1734, Damaris Wilson.
Robert (1) Wilson, emigrant ancestor, was probably of a Scotch family. No record found of when or whence he came. He removed to Sudbury. (Savage) d. probably, before 1695. Estate administered Nov. 14, 1710. (Unusually far apart - HRK) M. Deborah, dau. of Andrew Stevenson and his wife Jane. Deborah b. abt. Aug. 1637, in England. M. 2nd, before 1695, Matthew Abdy. The date of her death has not been found. Matthew Abdy died Cambridge 1730.
Robert Wilson "of Sudbury,n acc. to Hist. of Cambridge. The first record of him in this country is Oct. 27, 1665, when he bought of John Brov-.'Il, of Marlborough~ Mass. the land south of Fowle's Hill, belonging later to Thomas Russell. The bridge over the brook on Woburn road, near Fowle' s Hill was knoT,m a.s Wilson's briclge as late as 1850. He was doubtless a near relative of Sergeant Edward Wilson, who also settled in Cambridge.
Deborah was admitted to full communion at Cambridge, Mar. 5, 1665/6.
According to an answer in Hartford Times, Nov. 11, 1963: Robert (1) Wilson had a son BGnjamin (2) born, London, England, Oct. 20, 1637, estate settled 1667. He married Anna, born probably, London, Eng. 1634, died at Charlestown, Mass. July 2, 1692. No ref. HRK - When one studies other dates, it seems more probably that Benjamin (above) may have been a brother of Robert, and perhaps their father was Robert. Book 7 Family Group VIII
2 W I L S O N
Children of Robert and Deborah (Stevenson) Wilson:
Born Cambridge.
Deborah, b. Sept. 25, 1666, M. June 7, 1689. Elisha Bull (Buell) of Cambridge;
Sarah. b. Oct. 6, 1668, d. Nov. 9, 1716, M. Thomas Cresson of Charlesto~m; He d. May 1717.
Andrew, of whom further.
Andrew (2) Wilson, son of Robert and Deborah, b. Cambridge, April 17, 1670, d. there in 1722, M. Hannah Williams, daughter of Thomas 1. She survived her husband, M. 2nd,---- Phillips. (Probate)
Children born at Cambridge:
Andrew, b. May 12, 1696, M. 7 June 1722, Sarah Sherman of Watertown;
Hannah, b. Aug. 10, 1698, M. 27 March 1723, Benjamin Hopkins of Billerica;
Deborah, b. Oct. 12, 1700, M. before 27 April 1724, John Perry of Lexington;
John, b. Jan. 28, 1702/3. d. Feb. 11, 1773, His wife, Margaret, died Nov. 26, 1797, ae 86, (Paige gives his wife's name as Martha.)
Mary, b. Mar. 11, 1706/7,
Damaris, b. Nov. 1, 1708, died young;
Damaris, b. August 25, 1710, Cambridge, M. Lexington, Mass. Oct. 17, 1734, Hezekiah Duncklee. Book 7 Family Group VIII
S T E V E N S O N
History of Cambridge - Paige; New England Hist. & Gen. Reg. Vol. 38:79 & 59:242, Vol. 59 has a good genealogy.
Saint Stephen, considered the proto-martyr, was the earliest Christian who died for the faith, probably 32 or 33 A.D.
This name is also written Steevenson, Steavenson, Stievenson, Steveson. More curtailed forms are Steenson and Stimson.
Andrew Stevenson from Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Northumberland, England, to Charlestown, Mass. (Topographical Diet. - Banks)
Andrew (1) Stevenson ancestor of the family resided in Cambridge and Charlestown, Mass. He came over after 1637, and was made freeman of Cambridge, May 10, 1643.
M. England 9 Jnne ----- who survived him,
d. Charlestown, between ~1ay 23, 1681, date of will, and June 28, 1683, date of inventory.
Andrew Stevenson was in debt to Susan Blakiston, widow of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. He was a cobbler (shoemaker) a trade he followed for some years after his arrival.
Andrew and his wife both joined the church at Cambridge in 1643 (Church Hist.) and were still members at the church gathering which occurred in Jan. 1658. He received a number of grants of land in Cambridge. Aug. 15, 1646, he bought of William French four acres of land on the New West Field. Dec. 12, 1648 he purchased of Thomas Crosbye one dwelling house within the towne, with half a rood of land. In 1649 he was 0ivcn three and one-half acres of land at Menotomye River.
June 9, 1652. The division of Shawshine (Billerica) #29 And. Stevenson 60 acres.
General Court of Mnssachusetts Special session commencing Oct. 17 (17th of the 6) 1664. Letter: "We humbly desire ••• the continuance of the present establishment and all of the p1,i vileges theirof." The populace was unwilling to submit to arbitrary government. Andrew Stevenson, who signed with a cross, was among many signers. Book 7 Family Group VIII
2 S T E V E N S O N
He received eight acres of land in the first division in Cam bridge (Proprieto~s' Records). This lot of land his children sold to Ebenezer Swan Mar. 19, 1694.
His will mentions wife Jane, who was to have entire estate during her life time, and after her death his eldest son, Andrew, was to have a double portion, while the rest was to be divided amongst the five daughters. That portion which belonged to his daughter Sarah was given to her two children Joseph and Mary Lowden.
H O U S E 0 F C O R R E C T I O N
In 1654, a committee was appointed by the Court "to provide a House of Correction with a fit person to keep the same." Jan. 7, 1655, the committee reported that "they had not only purchased Andrew Stevenson's house and lot but selected him as a proper person to be Keeper of Bl'.'idewell."
The dwelling house of Andrew Stevenson with about half a rood of land adjoining to the same ••• to be delivered in good repairs as now it is for use of the County (to provide a house of Correction). Also, wee do desire the honored Court to allow our brother Andrew Stevenson (who hath willingly at our request yielded himselfe to the service of the County in that place) such an annual stipend as may be due encoUI'agement to continue the same with all diligence and faithfulness as need shall require.
Endorsed 7th, ilmo, 1655. Andrew A. S. Stevenson.
The House of Correction stood on the easterly side of Holyoke Street, almost two hundred feet northerly from the present location of Mount Auburn Street. In October 1660, the County Court ordered that the House of Correction, or Bridewell, should be used as a prison for the County until further provision be made. Andrew Stevenson served in the office of prison keeper from 1656 to 1672.
After the erection of a jail, this estate was reconveyed to Stevenson, whose heirs sold it March 25, 1695, to Jonathan Nutting. The deed of this property from Stevenson to the County and from the County to Stevenson cannot be found on record, altho his will mentions this house and land. The conveyance to Jonathan Nutting was signed by Andrew Stevenson, housewright of Charlestown, and his sisters and their spouses. "James Burbean and Mary his wife" are mentioned as signers.• Book 7 Family Group VIII
3 S T E V E N S O N
Children of Andrew Stevenson by his wife Jane: born Cambridge,
Deborah, b. England, abt. Aug. 1637. Of whom further; Sarah, b. about 1640, d. before 1681, (see later note) M. Joseph Lowden, shipwright of Charlestown; Rebecca, b. 20 Jan. 1642, d. after 1701, M. 29 May 1662, James Patterson of Billerica, who d. Billerica, July 14, 1701; John, b. 29 Dec. 1644, d. Cambridge, 26 May 166q; Mary, b. 17 Jan. 1646, M. Cambridge, Jan. S, 1669/70, Thomas Richardson of Billerica. (See later note)* She evidently M. (2nd) James Burbean. previous to 1695, Lydia, b. Aug. 1668, probably died young; Andrew, b. Jan. 14 (or 17) 1650, d. 14 Dec. 1721, M. Abigail who died, Charlestown, Mar. S, 1725/6. He was a housewright. Hannah, M. William Burgess, living in Ipswich 1695.
Andrew (2) M. at Charlestown, Mar. 9, 1678, Abigail, dau of Benjamin and Abigail (Wigglesworth) Sweetser. He died at Charlestown, aged 73 years. At the time of the settling of his estate he is styled "shopkeeper". - He evidently engaged in business after moving to Charlestown. Andrew (2) may be the one in service in King Philip's War, Jan. 25, 1675/6, as Andrew Sr. would have been past 60 and prob ably not able to endure thE= hardships of war. Sarah married at Cambridge John (also called Joseph in the same article) son of Sergt. Richard and Mary (Cole) Lowden. He died Charlestown Apr. 4, 1678. She married 2nd, Oct. 23, 1679 James Kibby of Dorchester, who d;ed subsequent to 1681. Her name was not among the signers of the conveyance of Bridewell, and her father's will mentions "her two children". (NEHGR Vol. 59) * Thomas Richardson, son of Thomas and Mary Richardson, of Woburn. (They - apparently - are not of our line.) Both Thomas Richardson, Sen. and Jr. of Billerica were among signers of the conveyance of Bridewell. Deborah Stevenson, born England, about August 1637. M. Robert Wilson of Sudbury. M. 2nd, Matthew Abdy, glover of Cambridge. Book 7 Family Group VIII
THOMAS W I L L I A M S
Charlestown Genealogies & Estates; Gen. Diet. - Savage; Line of Hannah who Groton, Mass. VR; M. Andrew Wilson. Boston and Eastern Mass. - Cutter.
Medieval - Gillelrni) a form of William. Modern - Wilson ) William: A baptismal name which became a surname. "Romance of Names" - Weekly.
The WILLIAMS family of Wales and England is of great nntiquity. The WILLIAMS of America descend from more than a score of different ancestors. That several of them were related seems certain, but the relationship has not been traced. There is a close resemblance of names among some branches of the family.
Savage states that William of Watertown was perhaps the father of Thomas (1).
Thomas1 Williams, of Groton, d. Groton, 4 Aug. 1704 M. at G~oton~ _ll July 1666~ Mary, daughter of Richard Holden.
Thomas Williams in 1686 was in possession of the Graves farm in Woburn, perhaps as Leasee, when Dr. Thomas Graves sold his farm of 360 acres to Nathaniel Richardson. (Middlesex Deeds, 10:524)
Children, born Groton:
1. Thomas, b. Mar. 17, 1667, d. previous to 1722, M. Elizabeth-----; 2. John, b. 3 Nov. 1668, d. 17 Jan. 1752, His wife, Mary died 17 Feb. 1772, ae 102; 3. Mary~ b. 3 Feb. 1672, M. Andrew Beard; q• Hannah, b. 1 Feb. 1674, of whom further, 5. Stephen, b. 1676, H. 1697 at Woburn, Bethiah Carter.
Administration of the estate of Mary (Holden) Williams was granted her son John Williams, 10 August 1722, as eldest son Thomas was dead.
Hannah Williams, born l-12mo. 1674, M. Andrew Wilson, who d. Cambridge, 1722, M. 2nd.----- Phillips. (Probate) Book 7 Family Group VIII
H O L D E N
The Holden Genealogy, compiled by Eben Putnam for the family of Mr. L. E. Holden, 1823; History of Cambridge - Pubnam; New England Families - Cutter.
Line of Mary Holden who married Thomas Williams.
In England, after contact with the Scandinavian Conquerors, there were many individuals who had the appellation Holden or Halden. In some instances this was the name of certain localities. There were two or three origins as a family name. This name became a surname as early as the thirteenth or fourteenth century. The name Holden appears in records during many centuries in several forms. It is probably derived from an ancient Scandinavian root.
Variations of the name are Holding or Houlding.
B - William Holden of Lindsay, Suffolk, England, (1553 - 1619) Rose----, his wife.
A - William Holden Born 1580. Name of wife is not known.
1 - Richard Holden, emigrant ancestor, (1708/9 - 1695/6) Martha Fosdick, his wife.
Mary Holden married, 1666, Thomas (1) Williams. Hannah (2) Williams married Andrew, son of Robert (1) Wilson. Damaris (3) Wilson married, 1710, Hezekiah Duncklee.
William (B) Holden, of Lindsay, Suffolk, England, b. c. 1553, buried 8 Get. 1619, M. Rose----, who was buried in Lindsay 10 Feb. 1617.
Their chn. were:
Rose, bpt. 2 Mar. 1577, William, 1580, of whom further Agnes, 20 1.;ug. 1582, Bridget, 7 Aug. 1585. Book 7 Family Group VIII
2 HOLDEN
William (A) Holden, bpt. 26 March 1580, The name of his wife is not known. Children: prob. b. Lindsay, Adam, bpt. 15 Mar. 1605/6, Richard, record not found, Joseph, 16 July 1609, Justinian, 6 Oct. 1611, M. (1) Elizabeth, who died in 1675, and probably bore no children, (2) Mary, daughter of John Rutter of Sudbury John, Suffolk, Eng. Jan. 15, 1615. There is also a statement that Adam and William were brothers, and Justinian was a younger brother.
Richard (1) Holden, emigrant ancestor, came from Lindsay, Suffolk, England to Hingham, N. E. acc. to Banks. b. ca. 1608/9, Lindsey, Eng. d. 1 March, 1695, ae 87, Groton, Mass. M. Watertown, in (or bef.) 1640, Martha, daughter of Stephen Fosdick of Cha~lestown. Martha born 1620/21, d. Watertown, Dec. S, 1681. (History of Cambridge)
Richard and Justinian came over on the ship "Francis" sailing from Ipswich~ England, April 30, 1634. Richard was twenty-five, and Justinian, twenty-three. Passengers on this ship may have come from Ipswich or vicinity. Most of them were opposed to the measures taken by Archbishop Laud. They were required to take the oath of allegiance before departure.
Richard Holden was a glazier by trade. He settled, first, at Watertown, and was admitted freeman May 6, 1657, and was among ea.11 ly proprietors of Watertown. He also 1 ... esided in Woburn, Cambridge, Groton, again to Watertown, and finally at Groton with his son Stephen. He sold his place in Watertown in i655, and in 1656/7 settled in Groton, where he had 975 acres of land in the northerly part of the town, now in Shirley, and his land extended on the west bank of the Nashua river from a point near Beaver pond to the northwest. Driven away from Groton by the Indian War, he returned after the death of his wife.
He resided in Cambridge, and Justinian als0 settled there. He was a proprietor in Woburn in 1658, where Stc1;:>hen Foster left a forty acre lot of land to him. In 1661 he removed to Groton, and became a member of the first church. His last years were spent in the home of his son Stephen, at Groton, to whom, in consideration of his maintenance, he conveyed his estate 23 Mar. 1691, being then aged, infirm and a widower. He died at Stephen's. Book 7 Family Group VIII
HOLDEN
Children of Richard: There is no record of the birth of his children, except those born at Watertown or Woburn.
Stephen, b. July 19, 1642. Killed at Groton, in 1658, by the fall of a tree, when it toppled in a different dire~tion than exoected.
Justinian, b. Dec. 19, 1644, d. Billerica, between 1697 and 1700, (mny have died 1699). M. 1st, Mary, who d. May 15, 1691, Billerica, 2nd, Susanna Sutton (Dutton or Durant). He lived in Billerica and Groton. He served in King Philip's War. Manha, b. Jan. 15, 1645/6, M. Thomas Boyden, whose father came over on the same ship with her father. See additional note. Ma17, of whom further. John, b. 17 Mar. 1650, d. yng. at Woburn; Samuel~ June 8~ 1651. d. 1739, M. Anna-----; Ensign John~ b. 1656/7. d. 18 Oct. 1756, M. (1) Abigail, and (2) 19 June 1690, Sarah Pierce, (3) 1718, llliigail Morse; (Stephen's widow?) Sarah, b. about 1658, d. M. Dec. 20, 1677, Gershom Swan. She survived her husband. Stephen, b. after 1658, d. at Groton, 1715, M. prob. 1685, Abigail Morse; Thomas, no record; Elizabeth, b. d. 1703, M. 21 Mar. 1681/2 at Woburn, John, son of Ralph Reed. Martha Boyden, above:- Proof that Richard and Justinian were brothers was given by Martha Boyden, at Woburn, July 6, 1685. Mistress Boyden states that her husband "is now at my Uncle Holden's at Fresh Pond in Cambridge." This could be no other than Justinian Holden whose farm comprised a portion of the shores of Fresh Pond not far from where Richard and Justin ian had first sat down. Thomas Boyden did not prove a reliable helpmate, and his wife objected to being obliged to live with him. He seems to have been unable, or perhaps unwilling, to provide support for the family. They had six children. Mary (2), daughter of Richard and Martha Holden. Married, Groton, 11 July 1666 Thomas Williams. Died at Woburn, being of Groton~ according to Wyman. Administration of her estate was granted her son John Williams, 10 Aug. 1722, her eldest son, Thomas being dead. Book 7 Family Group VIII
F O S D I C K
The Record of MY ANCESTORS, Charles D. Newhall; The Holden Genealogy - Putnam; History of Cambridge - Paige; Charlestown Genealogies & Estates - Wyman; Fosdick Family, the Oyster Bay Branch, 1583-1891.
Stephen (1) Fosdick was probably from the north of England •.
Born, England, ca. 1584, d. Charlestovm, 21 May 1664,
M. He was married twice. The name of his first wife is not known. She was the mother of six of his children.
M. (2nd) 1624, ten years before emigration, Sarah, daughter of William Wetherell.
Stephen with his wife and children - perhaps six - settled in Charlestown, Mass. in 1635. He was then 52, and his wife Sarah, 46. He was made freeman 7 Sept. 1638, and admitted to the church the same year. He was a carpenter.
The list of nPossessionsn of Stephen Fosdick, made out in 1638, show he held one dwelling with a garden plot at Sconce Point, butting southeast on the Harbor. He had commons for two cows, and 69 1/2 acres in several parcels, one of which was 40 acr·es in West Rockfield. Later he bought two or three small parcels.
He resided on the west side of the highway to Mystick Weare, now the present line of Medford Street.
Charlestown records say that Stephen Fosdick was fined twenty pounds for reading Anabaptist books, and was also excommunicated May 7, 1643.
In the division of lands in Charlestown in 1656 he received twenty-five acres of wood and four and one half acres of common. Book 7 Family Group VIII
2 F O S D I C K
The will of Stephen Fosdick made Feb. 23, 1663/4, was probated 21 June following.
By will he devised "to wife 4 rooms we now make use of, one over another; half the upper garden next Mr. Shapley and Michael Long; moveables; after decease, house and lands to return to ex'r. To Hannah Barrett, 10 pounds; to Martha Holden 10 pounds, and 40 acres at Woburn. To Mary Webb, 15 pounds; and if she die, to children of John and Thomas Fosdick. To grandchild, Stephen 20 pounds. To Samuel, son of John, at father's decease, house, barn, &c, by Mr. Shapley's; hay-loft, wood lot; 2 cow commons; to him and his heirs, male or female, and so to run in the generation cf Fosdicks forever. 7thly, to grandchild John, son of John, house and land in ~alden, 1/2 cow-lot in Malden, cow-lot on Mr. Wilson's side, wood-lot bo't of Mr. Roswell. To 2 grandchildren of son Thomas, 20 pounds. John, sole Ex'r.
Inventory, Farm at Mystic, with the land 50 pounds 2 commons, 2-1/2 hay-lots 2 wood-lots 16 acres at Woburn. Total 500 pounds
Footnote. John Wetherall motioned court concerninR his sister, the widow Fosdick, aged 75 years old; lame - going with crutches; near forty years the wife of Stephen Fosdick; and upon her marriage had six of his children to take care of. (Court Files, 166~)
Stephen had six child1""en by his first wife: All born England.
Hannah 20 9 Thomas 18, Martha 17, Samual 16, )) when they arrived two unknown, John a, and Mary 5. Hannah, b. ca. 1615, M. James Barrett; Thomas, b. ca. 1617, d. Charlestown 21 June 1650, M. Damaris. His sons are mentioned in his f~ther's will. Samuel, b. ca. 1619, is not mentioned in father's will; Martha, of whom further; Children of Sarah: John, b. July 1626, d. Sept. 17, 1716, ae 90, M. 1648 Anne, widow of H. Branson and daughter of Nicholas Shapleigh. He was later of Malden. Mary, b. ca. 1630, M. Thomas Webb. Martha Fosdick, b. ca. 1~20, d. Watertown, Dec. S, 1691, M. by 1640, Richard Holden. FAMILY GROUP
# 2
HORNER
Previously given in "Stuart and
Allied Families," by The American
Historical Society, Inc. New York
1958
I N D E X
HORNER
Horner research Rutland, Vermont HORNER, early settlers Thomas Horner and wife Margaret of Londonderry Thomas (1) Horner of Cambridge, Vt. earliest known ancestor Hobart (2) & Elizabeth Allard, dau. of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Berry) Allard Eri William & Betsy Russ Morgan Eri Wm. Horner - Biography Eva, who married George Edward Richardson Huguenots Family Group II
HORNER
In addition to the resear'ch done by the American Historical Society, for E. A. Stuart for the book "Stua.~ and Allied Families," two professional genealogists, one in Boston, Mass •• and one in Burlington, Vt. have endeavored to find additional information.
This compiler (HRK) in 1961, made a side trip to Granby, Province of Quebec, Canada, to Sweetsbwg, the County seat, and there found some additional records. She has also done considerable research in both the L.D.S. Library in Salt Lake City~ and the New England Historic Library in Boston; and is now convinced that any further search would be a waste of time and money, believing that all published records have been found. Information from one source and another is, to a great extent, duplicated.
In Boston there was one small genealogy which included the Eri Wm. Horner family, but poorly done and with many errors.
It now seems that the only possible added source would be pri vate records - Bible, letters, or diaries - and it is doubtful whether any exist, as Agnes has been in correspondence with old family friends in Rut land, Vt • May 1, 1965
Most of the following article is in "Stuart and Allied Fa'llilies," to which all additional information found, has been added.
RUTLAND, VT.
Rutland County, Vermont after 1847 Ed. H.P. Smith & W. S. Rann.
The town of Rutland is centrally located in the
county of the same name. Clarendon & Rutland begun 1768 Brandon n 1772 Danby " 1765
VERMONT
Vermont's constitution in 1777 was the first to outlaw slaveholding. Fahlly Group II
HORNER
Stuart and Allied Families; History of Londonderry, N. H. Vol. l; New Hampshire Town Papers, Vol. 9; Granite State Papers 1:236/7; History of Chester, N. H.
The Horner may have been of French Huguenot or Scotch-Irish ancestry. Many French settled in Scotland at the time of Mary Stuart, who was Queen of France for a short while, and then of Scotland. The Horners might have arrived with a group of Scotch and Irish who settled in Londonderry, N. H. Londonderry was largely settled by Scotch-Irish. These so called "Scotch-Irish" had no Irish blood in their veins. When driven out of France, they settled for a time in Ireland before migrating to New England. It is possible that some of them~ possibly born in Ireland, came in a later group about 1724-5.
There was a Jaines Horner who came from the nor-th of Ireland, at the beginning of the eighteenth centurJ, and settled in what is now Auburn, N. H. With him were two sisters. His landed interests seem to have been extensive as it is estimated that he owned nearly one thousand acres on the banks of the brook running into the lake where the village is now located. He was a carpenter and millvn~ight and built, about 1720, the f;rst sawmill anywhere in the locality. He built the first nouse in the town (of Auburn). He was the first settler in the second part of the second division. {Granite State Mag.)
There were Themas Horner and wife r-1argaret, who seem to be the earliest (of the name) to arrive in this country. They may have been with the Londonderry group from North Ireland, that arrived in 1717-18. Two of his sons were James and John. His son John may be the John Horner who married, Nov. 19, 1751, Katherine Smith. (Her parents name not given.)
(James Horner material from the writings of William Graham, one of the first settlers of Auburn.) · Family Group II
2 THOMAS HORNER Of Londonderry, N. H.
History of Londonderry, N. H. by G. W. BURN. Vol. 1
Thomas Horner was one of the road surveyors, 1730, 1 31, and 1736, '37, and was named road surveyor Aug. 31, 1742.
March 6, 1737-8: The town voted to raise funds to help defray the charge of the Province line, and Thomas Horner was among those named to collect the funds.
Will of Jess Christey. Aug. 6, 1739: "Thomas Horner, Londonderr-y yeoman" was appointed guardian of Robert Wallace, aged less than fourteen years 9 son of Thomas Wallace. Oct. 31, 1739.
Later he was chosen one of the selectmen~ and 1-20-1744 his name was signed to a warrant with the other selectmen. The last entry with his name as a selectman is dated Feb. 16, 1748-9.
His will is dated August 18, 1749. He died early in 1750. His will approved Feb. 27, 1750. His will mentions estate of 80 acres in Chester, N. H. (Probate rec. of Province, N. H.)
James went to Chester, N. H., probably after his father's death, and two of his sisters, Jean and Elizabeth~ probably went with him.
It seems to me (HRK) not impossible (or improbable) that the Thomas Horner of Londonderry, who died in 1750, could be the father of Thomas Horner of Cambridge, Vt.; in which case James and John were brothers, though no relationship has been found. Family Group II
3 HORNER
Thomas (1) Horner of Cambridge, Vt. is called the earliest known ancestor. The date and place of his birth and death have not been found. He "died in middle life" probably not earlier than 1796• and possibly after 1800, when a Thomas Horner is found in the 1800 census.
The name of his wife is not known. She survived him and married a second time, though the name of her second husband is not known. She died in Cambridge and was buried beside her first husband.
He may be the Thomas Horner who, in 1790, lived in Cambridge Gore, Chittenden Co. with a family of four.
Because of changes in the boundary lines, Cambridge was in Rutland, Ch~ttenden~ Franklin and Lamoille Counties.
There is no record to show how long James remained in Chester, and there is no record.of his marriage there. He was there at the time of the Fishing Petition, July 13, 1744. (Hist. of Londonderry.)
The Vermont Gazett (or Gazeteer) gives besides Thomas Horner, a John and James, who also went to Cambridge, Vt., about 1791. The Gaz. says they went up from Bennington, Vt. but the 1790 Census shows them that year in Burlington, Vt. Bennington is probably a misreading or misprint. Another account states: James Horner and John Horner set tled in Cambridge between 1789 and 1800, probably not later than 1790.
In the 1840 census, there was an Eri Horner (not our gr.f) in Cambridge. This would seem to indicate some relationship. There was also a Freeman in Cambridge 9 and a younger Thomas. (Notes from Rowena T. Obert, genealogist, Salt Lake City.)
Thomas Horner and his wife had nine sons and one daughter. Four sons were: (Date and sequence of birth not known) Hobart, of whom further. Freiman, M. Granby, Prov. Quebec, 6 Aug. 1826, Susan Davis. Hazen, witnessed the marriage of Hobart and Freiman, Stephen, witnessed the marriage of Hoba~t. (VR at Sweetsburg, County seat, Prov. of Quebec.) Family Group II
- II - 4 HOBART s. HORNER
Hobart s. 2 Horner
b. Cambridge, Vt., May 12, 1796, d. In Michigan, about 1865 at age 69. Michigan Vital records began in 1867 nconsequently the death record would not be on file." M. Granby, Province of Quebec, Canada, 16 March 1823, Elizabeth Allard, at age 18. Elizabeth born in New Hampshire, 1805, daughter of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Berry) Allard. Elizabeth was taken to Granby when only three yea.I's old.
Hobart was a practical farmer. At some time the family removed to Canada, and later removed to Michigan, where he died. After his death, his widow returned to Vermont, and died in Boston in 1880, at 75 yrs. She is probably the "Elizabeth - 188ou buried, Rutland, Vt., in the cemetery plot of Eri Wm. Horner, her son. (Office of City Clerk)
HRK - When I noticed the name "Hobartn I wondered if there had been a marriage with the Hobart family. Nothing was found. Thus, he may have been named for a minister (of which there were several). The Hobart family from Hingham had a line in Groton, Mass., and Dunstable, N. H. 1744 whose descendant moved to Hollis~ N. H. This was Shubel, born 1715 and died at the home of his son Solomon in 1804 in Westford, Vt. The P.O. is at Cambridge, Vt. This shows the two families in the same vicinity.
Elizabeth (Allard) Horner was a great worker from her youth to old age. When she was 17 years old, she resided with a family who lived near the woods. One day the family went away, leaving her to care for a little girl. Soon after their departure, Elizabeth heard the pigs squealing and upon investigation discovered a bear in the pig pen. With the child on her back, she drove the bear out of the pig pen and into the swamp. Her weapon was a large pair of tongs.
She was a woman of energy, courage and endurance. Only a short time before her death, after doing her washing at home, she went to visit her daughter in Boston. When she arrived she found the daughter in bed with a sick headache, and the washing not done. So she then did her daughter 1 s washing and prepared tea for the family, and still seemed as fresh as ever.
She was a practical woman, who could do all kinds of work, both in and outside the house. She could take the flax from the field, and make it into thread for sewing fabrics, and could card the wool Family Group II
5 HOBART s. HORNER into thread and weave it into cloth, and then make the cloth into garments. She was quite capable of meeting the privations of those rugged times.
Her mother, Elizabeth (Berry) Allard, was also a woman of strength and endurance. When ninety years old, she walked three miles to work and home again at night, having spun a day's work of forty knots of woolen yarn. She died in Illinois, at age ninety-three years.
Hobart and Elizabeth Horner had thirteen children. Three died in early childhood. Five sons and five daughters grew to maturity.
Silas A. b. d. Stoneham, Mass. in 40th yr. leaving a widow and two children;
Laura Ann 9 b. in 1826 d. Groton, Mass. July 1895, age 70. M. (1st) Thomas Penney, and had one daughter, M. (2nd) Duncan McKenzie. 1 son. Laura A. McKenzie, buried 1895 in the lot of Eri W. Horner. (Office of City Clerk, Rutland, Vt.)
Hobart, 0 of Johnsbu._~n, b. & d. rec. not found, Volunteer in the Union Army during the Civil War, !nember of the Vermont Cavalry. He was shot while on picket duty, and left a widow and one son in St. Johnsbury, Vt;
Simon, b. d. Resided in Boston, where he had charge of a lumber yard. He had 3 sons and 1 daughter.
Berthe died in young womanhood;
Henry A. b. d. Boston, in 1897, A soldier in Michigan regiment during the Civil War; M. in Michigan, 1 daughter;
Elizabeth, b. d. Michigan at about 40 years, M. in Michigan, 1 daughter;
Clara, M. in Michigan, Dewitt Hendrickson. She survived him and later resided in Brandon, Vt.;
Lucinda, M. George w. Burt of Burlington, Vt. 3 chn.
Eri William, "about the fifth child~" of whom further.
References for the above and parts that follow are from BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF LEADING CITIZEMS OF RUTLAND COUNTY, VERMONT. pp 104-107 Biographical Publishing Co., Buffalo, N. Y., Chicago, Ill., - 1899. Family Group II
- III - 6 E R I W I L L I A M HORNER
3 Eri Wm. Horner, son of Hobart and Elizabeth (Berry) Horner, b. March 26, 1830, Granby, Prov. of Queb~c, Canada;
d. in Seattle~ Wash., Dec. 16, 1915, while visiting his daughter, Mrs. Elbridge A. Stuart;
M. shortly after April 1851, Betsy Russ Morgan, daughter of Amos and Betsy (Duncklee) Morgan. She was born, Bow, N. H. Sept. 25, 1829, and died, Rutland, Vt. Oct. 7, 1897.
Eri Horner's parents were New Englanders from Vermont, tempoI'arily in the Dominion of Canada, Province of Quebec. His parents were mar ried there. He was reared to farm life. The family lived four miles from a school, and he received only thirty days of schooling up to his fifteenth year. During the following two winters he obtained most of his schooling, yet in adult life he seemed a well educated man.
In March 1847, at age seventeen he left home and walked across the border from Granby to Manchester, New Hampshire, where he worked on a farm during the summer, at twelve dollars a month, and was a laborer in a lumber camp during the winter, at ten dollars a month. He enjoyed the hard work and rough experience. The next two summers were spent working in a brickyard in New Hampshire.
In 1849 he became an employee of the Rutland R.R. and was stationed in Burlington with the track repair gang at $1 per day, out of which he paid his board. He was soon advanced to be second hand, assistant to the foreman, ~t $1.25 per day; and in April 1851 was made section foreman at $1.50 per day, and was stationed at Brandon, Vermont.
Soon after this he married Betsey R. Morgan whom he had met while working in New Hampshire. The gold rush in California was on and he was offered $100 per month to gc as a digger, but chose to stay with the R.R. work. He was with the Rutland Railroad until 1892, and worked his way up until he became roadmaster of the northern division ·with headquarters at Rutland, and later became roadmaster of the whole road, and had no substitute.
Mr. and Mrs. Horner were members of the Baptist church, first in Brandon and later in Rutland. Record of the Baptist Church in Brandon, May 2nd, 1857, "Eri Horner and bis wife, Betsy, stated their Christian experience and requested to be immersed, which was accepted." They evi dently moved to Rutland in early 1867. Dec. 31, 1866, "It was voted to give Brother and Sister Horner recommendations to the Baptist Church of Rutland." He became a deacon in 1871, and was later connnonly addressed by that title, as a mark of respect. Family Group II
7 ER I W I L L I A M HORNER
While Eri Horner was deacon of the Rutland First Baptist Church, one of the ministers was Rev. Justin Kent Richardson, who bestowed the Horner name on his second son, Ralph Horner Richardson. George Edward Richardson, younger brother of the minister came from Maine to visit. Eva, Deacon Homer's daughter, sang in the choir. She was engaged to a man who later became president of the American Banker's Association. George Edward fell in love with her and she broke her engagement and married him.
Eri and Betsy Horner had four children:
Amos Morgan, b. Feb. 17, 1853, d. bel*, M. May 1874 Hattie M. Smith of Pittsford, Vt. Hattie b. May 10, 1852, d. Nov. 27, 1898. Amos went to Texas and became a railroad engineer. He also had a far,m of 170 acres.
Eva E. b. Jan. 8 9 1858, Brandon, Vt. bpt. Dec. 8, 1872, d. Denver, Colo. May 1, 1910. M. July 18~ 1883~ Rutland, Vt. George Edward Richardson of Maine. They were married in her father's home, by his brother, Rev. Justin Kent Richardson.
Mary Jane, b. Oct. 1, 1860, Brandon, Vt., d. Los Angeles, Calif. June 13, 1939 -M. Rutland, Vt. in her father's home, Nov. 13, 1884, Elbridge Amos Stuart, who became founder and presi dent of the Carnation Milk Co. (See article: "Amos Horner and ElbI'idge Stuart")
Nellie Florence (Ellen F. and Helen in some articles), b. Apr. 21, 1863, d. in Brandon July 24, 1863, Buried in Pine Hill "Evergreen" Cemetery. (Vt.VR 1772 - 1857)
In 1860, at the time of Mary Jane's birth, her father is called R.R. overseer. At Ellen F's birth, 1863, he is called roadmaster. The mother is listed b. Bow, N. H.
* From notes sent to Agnes from Helen Butler Barney (an old family friend in Rutland) Amos, son of Eri and Betsy Horner, died Nov. 22, 1940. According to Agnes, he was living with a son, probably Tom, in a small country town not far from the borde:r-, not far from El Paso. A letter from County of El Paso, after "an extensive search of the records fails to reveal that any record was ever registered in El Paso County of his death." Signed by Woodrow Bean, County Judge, Earlier, Mr. Carroll, State Registrar, at Austin, Texas, found no record. Family Group II
8 E R I WILLIAM HORNER
At some time, Louisa, younger sister of Betsy, came to live with the Homer's. After their marriage, Eva and her husband lived on in her father's ho-me, and their first three children were born there. Aunt Louisa was a bit 'peculiar'. If one of the childJ:,en cried or tumbled down stairs, Aunt Louisa would come running and ask, "Is it EX'i?". If it was not, she had no further interest. After grandmother's death she took over the housekeeping, and was such an exacting housekeeper that grandfather said "he had to keep one foot on one sock while he pulled on the other, lest she pick it up and carry it away". Louisa K. Morgan died in Brattleboro, Ver mont Retreat of Angina Pectoris, June 12, 1901, age 62. She was buried in the Evergreen Cemetery, Center Rutland. James Dudley, Sexton.
Eri Horner bought real estate, and by thrift and honest endeavor:' acquired a considerable estate. Beside his own home, at 45 Prospect Street, where he settled in 1868, he owned several other houses, which he rented. I remember mother telling how he would enter receipts in a little book - a separate book for each house - and when a book for one tenant was full, he would deed the house to them. This is much like our present installment plan, but as I understand it, there was no previous agreement or obligation.
At one time he gave each daughter $5,000. Mother had the oppor tunity of investing in Carnation Company but chose, instead, to buy a house.
Betsy Horner died Oct. 8, 1897. She had been in frail health fo~ some years previous, and for five year suffered from a bronchial ailment which had affected her heart. The following Christmas, grand- father Horner visited us in Denver.
Eri Horner was a domestic man who enjoyed family life. He also enjoyed the responsibilities of his arduous position, which he handled with capability. He was a much respected man in his colllI!lunity, and by those who knew him. He was with the railroad for forty-three years and never lost an hour of work. During his active years of railroad service, he made a record which few can equal~ not only with his own company but with the traveling public. He could travel on any railroad in the u. S. and few, if any, would collect fare from the "veteran railroad man of Vermont".
This would be a better world were there more such plain, honest hearted men of modesty, truth and candor. He was a man who prized real worth and honest industry more than all else. In his later years, he assisted relatives and friends who were in need. Family Group II
9 E R I W I L L I A M HORNER
During the war years, with a few minutes to spare I was looking over a case in a store that carried jewelr,J and lovely art goods. There was a sailor standing nearby, and he made some casual remaI'k. The city was crowded with service men and they were lonely. When I asked where he was from he told me Vermont. What part? Rutland. Then I began to feel excited. Did he know Deacon Horner? He didn't, but his folks had known him, and he had a pair of his spectacles among his 'historical' souvenirs. I had to keep my appointment and he was "probably to leave that day." We each went our way, but for a bit grandfather's spirit seemed close to me.
Buried in the plot of Eri Wm. Horner;
Elizabeth 1880 (perhaps the mother of Eri)
Helen 1863,
Eri W. 1915,
Betsy Morgan, Oct. 7, 1897, ae 68 yrs.
(Recorded by the Secretary of the Cemetery Ass'n, Record of the office of City Clerk, Rutland, Vt. Book 16, p. 59)
HUGUENOT
The Durable Huguenots, by Ernest O. Hauser, in the Saturday Evening Post, Sept. 29, 1962; A Shortened History of England, by George Macaulan Trevelyan; New Historic and Genealogical Register, Vol. !;332.
Huguenot is an appellation given to the Protestant Calvinists of France, and designated the same contemptuous description of them that "Puritan" designated in England. Huguenots were styled Coux de la religion pretendue reformee, or Religionnaires. The persecution which the Huguenots endured has ScaI'cely an equal in history.
The principles of Luther and Zuinglius obtained an entrance into France during the reign of Francis I, (1515-47) and those who abandoned the Rornish reli·gion were called Lutherans. The teachings of John Calvin had a strong appeal and by 1564, the year of that strong-willed reformer's death, one in three Frenchmen had embraced the Reformation.
For several years the royal powers wavered between tolerance and suppression until Catherine de Medici, Catholic Queen dowager, instigated the Massacre of St. Bartholemew, Aug. 24, 1572, when an estimated 30,000 (some say·7o,ooo) were martyred through France by policemen and excited mobs, under circumstances of aggravated cruelty.
Protestant power staggered back to its feet as a Huguenot prince, Henry of Navarre~ fought his way to the throne. His famous edict of Nantes, passed in 1598, secured to the Protestants the freedom of religion and civil rights, within limits. This was what they had struggled for. By 1600, with well over a million followers, including some 4000 nobles, the Huguenots were a power to be reckoned with. Not peace, but the sword ruled the relation ship between the two factions. Huguenots held 100 forts and were capable of putting 25,000 soldiers into the field.
In 1702, King Louis IV revoked the edict of Nantes, thus making Protestant worship illegal. Protestants rose in revolt. The insur rection lasted for two years. It was finally suppressed by destroying the churches of the Huguenots, soldiers insulted their persons, indignities were heaped upon them; and there was torture, killings and imprisonment. After the loss of lives of multitudes, 50,000 were driven into exile. The religious persecutions of the 17th and 18th centuries drove thousands out of France. 2 H U G U E N O T
In Holland they erected several places of worship and enjoyed the labors of some very learned ministers. Many French and Flemish Huguenots flocked to England in Elizabethan and Stuart times. Hugue nots came to America at a much later period than the Pilgrims and Puritans. An estimated 20,000 had settled in the American Colonies before the Revolution. Because of their important part in the Revo lution, the Huguenots received land grants from a grateful government and began spreading westward.
The Huguenots have greatly influenced American History. Many well-known and outstanding Americans have Huguenot ancestors. One Huguenot refugee was Apollos de Revoire, the silversmith of Boston, whose son was Paul Revere. Descendants of Huguenots founded Bowdoin and Vassar colleges. The du Pants trace their line to a Huguenot family. La Rochelle, a Huguenot Fortress by the sea (in France) which the Huguenots were forced to surrender, is memorialized by New Rochelle, Mew York, an early Huguenot settlement. The Huguenots brought with them the true spirit of democracy, with freedom of con science, and freedom of thought and religion for all.
There are now active Huguenot societies in almost every state.
A French surname does not~ necessarily, indicate Huguenot ancestry.- Many Norman-Fr·ench names were carried into England with William the Conqueror at the time of the Conquest.