Tertiary Factsheet 4.3

The Premier of Queensland Includes information and commentary by Honorary Research Fellow Dr Paul Reynolds.

The Role of the Premier • having the authority to determine when an election is to Following a general election, the Premier, who be called; is the elected leader of the party or coalition • ensuring that there is adherence to the caretaker of parties holding a majority in the Legislative conventions and practices after a general election has Assembly, is commissioned by the Governor to form been announced; and a Government. • representing his/her electorate. The office of the Premier is specifically mentioned in s.42 of the Constitution of Queensland Act The Office of the Premier 2001. The Premier’s power and authority largely depend on his/her relationship with parliamentary After Federation it became the custom for the States’ Chief colleagues; with his/her political party; and the Minister to be called the Premier while the title Prime electorate in general. Minister was reserved for his/her Commonwealth equivalent. Following self government in the ACT and NT the office was The role of the Premier includes: known as Chief Minister. The position itself evolved in 18th century Britain and has become an indispensable part of • leading the Government and being the most Westminster government ever since. dominant political figure in the State; Premiers and their equivalents have often been described as • being the main channel of communication “the first among equals” but, in reality, this is not the case. In between: addition to the roles of the Premier described above, his/her - the Governor and Cabinet; power derives from at least six sources: - the Queensland Government and • The Premier chairs Cabinet, sets its agenda and strongly other Australian State and Territory influences its decision-making outcomes; Governments; and • The Premier commands Parliament, dominating its - the Queensland Government and the business and generally determining its activity; Commonwealth Government and overseas • The Premier is spokesperson for the Government, Governments. announces its initiatives, defends its record, explains its • providing advice to Her Majesty the Queen processes and, by virtue of the office itself and his/her on the exercise of Her Majesty’s powers personality, is instant and constant news; and functions in respect of the State of • The Premier is supported by the Department of Premier Queensland eg. the appointment and and Cabinet which exercises a supervisory and co- termination of appointment of the Governor; ordinating role and presence across the whole range of • choosing Ministers and allocating portfolios Government activity; as occurs in a National Party or Liberal • Premiers have media units which cultivate relations with Party government; or allocating portfolios the media in an attempt to regulate and ‘spin’ news to Ministers who are chosen by Caucus, as stories about themselves and their Governments. The usually occurs under a Labor Government; frequency of news conferences, photo opportunities and • determining the Administrative Arrangements press releases ensure that Premier/media relations are setting out the principal Ministerial constantly interactional; and responsibilities of Ministers and the Acts • The Premier’s chief-of-staff exercises a supervisory which they administer; role over both policy and media advisers in all other • being the Chief Minister, Chair of Cabinet Ministerial offices. and having the authority to form Cabinet Committees; The Road to the Premiership • authorising the absences of Ministers from the Modern Governments are very complex and multi-faceted State for up to 14 days; in their operations and structure. None is a ‘one man band’ but equally all will stand or fall in large measure by the • authorising a Minister to perform the duties standing and reputation of the leader. In the light of this, it and functions of another Minister; is interesting to note that the road to the Premier’s Office is

Updated July 2015 P +61 7 3553 6000 www.parliament.qld.gov.au F +61 7 3553 6419 [email protected] (1987-1989) who,inturn,sufferedthesamefate He wasdeposedinapartyroomcoupbyMike Ahern to becomeQueensland’s longest-servingPremier. Bjelke-Petersen (1968-1987)emergedandwenton National Party arelativelyunknownMinister, SirJoh seven months,andafterhecticlobbyingwithinthe Pizzy diedunexpectedlyofaheartattackafter Pizzey (1968)and Anna Bligh(2007-2012). and groomedtheirsuccessors,respectivelyJack his owntimeandofchoosing.Bothchose before Peter Beattie(1998-2007)toleaveofficein the Premiership toretireandwasthelastPremier Sir Francis(Frank)Nicklin(1957-1968)gaveup anything tojudgeby. rather haphazardifrecentQueenslandhistoryis years. 10 Premiers—the averagelengthoftimeinofficebeingfive more rapidly.structure have been Over past50yearsthere the by longperiodsofone-partyrule,Premiers rotatewithinthis Finally, whileQueensland’s politicalhistoryischaracterised year Beattiepremiership. 1998 atthenextgeneralelectionwhichbroughtinnine- 1996 Mundingburraby-election.Borbidgethenlostofficein Opposition byRob Borbidge,whobecamePremier afterthe from 1989-1996.Meanwhile,Cooperhadbeenreplacedin election toWayne Goss,whoservedasPremier ofQueensland to Russell Cooper(1989).wentontolosethe1989 The PremierofQueensland

Updated July 2015 Factsheet Tertiary 4.3