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Indonesian Festival 2016 Indonesian Trade, Tourism and Investment Forum (Indonesian Festival 2016) Ottawa - Montreal, 25th May 2016 General Profile of North Sumatera The Economy of North Sumatra: Natural based economy Business by Sector in North Sumatera Lake Toba Ecosystem Recent Environmental Issues North Sumatra Sustainable Development Plan North Sumatra support on Achieving National Target Reducing Green House Gas Emission North Sumatera Mitigation Action Plan 2010-2020 Next agenda Population : 12,985,075 Population growth : 1,32 % Area : 71,680 km2 (3,7 % of Indonesia) GDP : Rp, 6,45 Trillion Percapita Income : Rp 49,7 million Export : US$ 10,39 million Import : US$ 5,16 million Economic growth : 6,22 % (2012) Temperature : 18° - 32°C Average rain fall : 1700 – 2400 mm/y Catchment of water resources o 72 Watershed, Lake Toba (volcanic lake) o 99 Large rivers, 110,260 Ha, 783 Rivers and o o Samosir Island in the middle o 659 Small rivers, of the lake (see the picture) o Huge tourist resort potential Forest area 2,589,686,7 ha • Conservation forest, • 2 National Parks, • Preserve forest • Limited production forest • Mangrove and wet land Food crops mainly rice ◦ Rice Area: 829,976 ha Comparation between Agriculture ◦ Rice Production 3,875,561 ton and non Agriculture labour Other Food crops: Corn, Soybean, Peanuts, Cassava, Sweet Non Agr. Agric. sector, Labour sector, 2,610,673 Potatoes. 2,943,950 ◦ No. Food Crops h’holds 1,262,421 ◦ Vegetables and fruits Fisheries ◦ Fresh water fisheries (lake, ponds and rivers) ◦ western coast and eastern coast area (fish production 358,664 ton / year; 20% of the production potential ) Animal husbandry mainly chicken, caws and goats Plantations (smallholders, public estate, private/ national and foreign companies) • Mainly oil palm (1,067,814 ha ) • rubber (565,845 ha) . • Other commercial crops are cacao and coffee, etc Industries ◦ 1800 industries mainly agro processing Industries such as CPO, Oleo Chemical, Crumb Rubber, Cacao, fish ◦ Type of industry : mainly Agro processing industry, manufacture ◦ Manufacturing Aluminium industries, Small scale garment, shoes, home base industries, etc. The Economy of North Sumatra:… continue Ecotourism Industries o Lake Toba and Samosir Island o Karo Highland and Dairi high lands, Sidamanik (tea plantation) o Waterfall Sipiso-Piso o Forest resort Tangkahan o Orang Utan Rehabilitation Forest at Bahorok Langkat o Serdang Bedagai and Nias beach 91 Number of companies 35 53 Industry 87 Plantation 713 Ranch 201 Mining Forestry Number of large: ±1,180 Unit large companies, out of 1,800 unit in total Hotel/Restaurant Width : 110.260 Ha Height : ± 900 m dpl Rainfall : 1.700 – 2.400 mm/year Sub DAS on DTA :19Sub DAS Include 9 (nine) regencies: ◦ Karo regency ◦ Dairi regency ◦ Simalungun regency ◦ Toba Samosir regency ◦ Humbang Hasundutan regency ◦ Samosir regency ◦ North Tapanuli regency ◦ Asahan regency ◦ Tanjung Balai city Lake Toba Ecosystem Water Catchment area of Lake Toba and Asahan River watershed • The gift of God Almighty to the people of Indonesia, • The largest volcanic lake in Asia, • One of the invaluable wealth of North Sumatra, Indonesia and the World, • Has the value of ecological, socio- cultural, economic and human life, • An integral ecological ecosystem surrounding the areas. The Potential of Lake Toba 1. As the source of drinking water 82% of the communities around Lake Toba using lake water as raw water source of drinking water 2. As Hydro Power Station: Asahan hydropower has 450 MW Capacity Lae Renun hydropower has 82 MW Capacity 3. As the Industrial Water Source: PT. Aquafarm Nusantara, an aquaculture industry in Lake Toba with Floating Keramba locations in (1) Sirungkungan, (2) Pangambatan, Toba Samosir regency (3) Tomok (4) Silima Lombu (Samosir regency and (5) Panahatan District. Simalungun Asahan hydropower, which uses the water of Lake Toba as the turbines, where the electricity generated is used by PT. Inalum for aluminium smelting PT. Toba Pulp Lestari that uses water as the water of Lake Toba River production through Asahan 4. As tourism destination such as: Parapat, Tomok, Tuk-tuk Siadong, Tongging, Sipisopiso waterfall, Tao Silalahi, Muara-Pulau Sibandang, Haranggaol, Tao Sidihoni, Tele, Hot Spring Pangururan, etc. 5. As agriculture area such as: Mango, Union and rice. 6. As a means of Lake transportation 7. Geopark. General Description of Lake Toba Region Issues As a region that has great potential, it has been exploited . Exploitation which oriented in short term and less of pay attention for environmental preservation and sustainable of region carrying capacity finally raised various issues. Generally, Lake Toba region issues explained as follows: 1. Depending on Governor Regulation of North Sumatera Province No. 1 year 2009 about quality standard of Lake Toba water then it defined as Class I (Government Regulation No. 82 Year 2001) to be destined as drinking water. 2. Based on monitoring by Environmental Protection Agency of North Sumatera Province year 2005 - 2008, shown that Lake Toba water has been polluted in medium category, whereas this lake is used by 88% of people who lived around - Lake Toba as drinking water without further processing. In other words, many people near Lake Toba consumed water which not good for drinking. 3. As impact of polluted lake, occurred blooming of hydrophytes such as Eichhornia crassipes etc. It was generated oxygen depletion, obstruct access to the lake, increase evaporation, and decrease the aesthetic value. 4. Lack of oxygen in the water bodies caused decreasing of fish population, reduction of fish population so lowering the fisherman income. 5. Tourism function has not maximal yet. Development an integrated lake management Economic empowerment of community Lake Toba Ecological Research Center Ecotourism Development of Integrated domestic and hotel waste water. Theme Park integrated with hotels Planting trees on degraded land Recovery of lake water quality by reducing pollution load entering the lake Toba Solid waste management around lake toba Tourisme management Development of Manggo quantity (Holticultura dan agriculture) . Food security problems of land conversion from rice field to plantation (oil Palm) . Economically rapid growth of industry is better, on the other hand, it cause bigger environmental problems . Solid waste, water pollution and air pollution . Deforestation and degradation • Illegal logging at conservation area at Leuser and Batang Gadis national Park • Encroachment due to lack of forest boundary and poor people living near the conservation forest. Climate change ◦ Six sector of economy contribute to release GHG emission ◦ Adaptation relate to vulnerability of poor people and threat to climate change Problems of Food Security Climate Change and Variability No Increase in Decrease in Production Harvested Area Drought / Flood Deforestation Lack of Development and Decrease Maintenance of Decreasing in Irrigation System Capacity of Harvesting Water Frequency Land Competition for Low Rice Conversion/ Water Use and Farmer’s TOT Land Use Farmer Fertilizer Price Adaptation Population Cost of Import of Rice Pricing of Rice Growth Demand for Production Palm Oil North Sumatra Sustainable Development Plan • Policy to secure rice production – Various agriculture development programs such as intensifications, improve cropping pattern, implementation of spatial planning etc. • Policy on conservation of Lake Toba Ecosystem - Sustainable Development • Policy on hazardous waste management, solid waste management and river management • Policy on Climate Change – Adaptation to climate extreme by implementation of governor instruction No. 1 88.54/ 05/INTT/2O12 – Mitigation Action by implementation of reducing emission from six economic sectors Governor Decree No. 36 Year 2012 Institutional Strengthening: Framework of 1. Governance : Adaptation Extention services strengthening Governmental agencies strengthening Action 2. Society : Program Farmer communities 2012-2020 Public communities INPUT: OUTPUT: Increasing .Human Cropping Index (IP), Adaptation Focus Activities Planting and harvesting Resources area, Rice Production, .Funding Coordination, such as: and Food/ Rice Self- Infrastructure Technology, such Infrastructure, such Extention services .Mechanization rehabilitation, such as: SLI, SLPTT, as: Ombrometer empowerment, sufficiency . as: JIDES, JITUT, JUT, SLPHT, Integrated Observatorium, Coordination meeting/ Farming Optimization of Grow Calender , House of Compost Socialization, and land use, and and Eight Farmer & APPO, Pumping, Coodination Station App.Technol (Posko) in Kabupaten/ OUTCOME: Increasing Embung. Effort and Seeds Support ogy Kota and at Kecamatan the Food Security and Farmer’s Welfare IMPACT: Increasing the Improving the system: farmer’s capability in .Extension Service Adaptation and Farmer’s .Information system prosperity .Integration with the other empowerment program 3% 4% 1% 4% 51% 37% Pertanian Kehutanan Energi Transportasi Industri Pengelolaan Limbah North Sumatra Target of GHG Reduction by 2020 No. Sector Current Baseline Mitigation Expected GHG Emission BAU 2020 GRK 2020 emission 2010 reduction tCO2eq tCO2eq tCO2eq % 1. Agriculture* 6.655.334 8.462.261 6.399.925 1,8 2. Forestry and Peat** 160.798.466 292.711.722 69.469.272 19,6 3. Energy 8.383.000 21.175.000 15.816.000 4,5 4. Transportation 5.879.000 10.800.000 4.450.000 1,3 5. Industry 7.659.902 16.266.210 10.900.000 3,1 6. Waste 2.028.826 5.066.724 1.183.932 0,3 Management
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