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Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN: 0976-5921 International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2013, 4(4), 264-271

A review on relation between prakruti and

Review article

Sarita V. Ohol.1*

1. Associate Professor, Department of Kriyashareer, Dr. D. Y. Patil College of and Research Institute, Nerul, Navimumbai-400706.

Abstract Ayurveda takes into account an individual in his entirety and advices to follow daily regimen and adopt - rasayan(fixed rules conduct in life) accordingly. But today’s irregular and fast lifestyle, irregularities in diet, sleep, high stress levels at the workplace and emotional factors can lead to indigestion. It occurs due to deficiency in quality and quantity of digestive juices, which is termed as mandagni (deficient digestive ). Prakruti means neutrality or habits or condition. Ayurvedic treatment emphasizes on examining the prakruti or the natural states of an individual’s before proceeding. In Ayurvedic compendia, relation between prakruti and agni is not quoted directly except tikshnagni (intense digestive fire) in pitta prakruti, if it is quoted indirectly (anukta) elsewhere in Ayurvedic texts then it should be enlightened. Hence the concept of agni, prakruti & its inter-relation are vital factors which are to be studied in detail for wellbeing of a person. Hence aim is conceptual study of prakruti, agni and their inter relation. For this, Ayurvedic literature regarding prakruti and agni is reviewed. Summing up all literature regarding prakruti and agni, study shows that not only influence of factors like , kaala(season), aahar(diet), desha(habitat) are but also jati, kula, panchmahabhuta (five elements) etc. plays important role in formation of prakruti and it should be determined by all aspects and not by the influence of dosha only. Likewise, agni also should not only judged by prakruti but also by considering other factors like influence of dosha, age, season, work pattern, , quality and quantity food habit, mental states, desha, effect of treatment etc.

Keywords: Agni, Mandaagni, Prakruti, Tikshnagni .

Introduction: Rather than trying to cure a disease in Ayurvedic treatment differs from isolation, Ayurveda takes into account an the majority of conventional cures because individual in his entirety and advices to of its unique approach towards healing. follow daily regimen and adopt achar The principle of Ayurvedic treatment is rasayan accordingly. curing the sick, and not the sickness. In today’s irregular and fast lifestyle skipping regular meals, excessive *Corresponding Author: intake of food or drinks, irregularities in Sarita V. Ohol, diet and sleep; and high stress levels at the Associate Professor, workplace, emotional factors such as envy, Department of Kriyashareer, fear, anger, etc. can lead to indigestion. Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Ayurveda and Indigestion can also be due to Research Institute, Nerul, Navimumbai- uncomfortable postures, controlling 400706. natural urges and changes in the period Mb. No.-8879326377, and pattern of sleep. It can lead to waking Email ID- [email protected] up frequently at night, several diseases and

264 Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN: 0976-5921 Sarita V. Ohol et.al., A review on relation between prakruti and agni psychological disturbances. It occurs due tantraukti, except tikshnagni in pitta to deficiency in quality and quantity of prakruti. digestive juices, which is termed as mandagni (deficient digestive fire). (1) Material and Methods Agni is one of the ten factors which  Review of Ayurvedic literature will be is to be examined before initiating, the taken regarding the prakruti and agni. treatment of patient. The role of agni in  Review of research work related to body is very much emphasized for agni and prakruti will be considered. example, having a balanced state of , agni (digestive fire), dhatus The concept of prakruti (tissues) normal functioning of mala The word prakruti means "nature" (waste products), cheerful state of or natural form of the build and (soul), sensory organs and mind are the constitution of the human body. Pra means symptoms of healthy life. (2) the "beginning", "commencement" or It is stated that all internal disease "source of origin" and kruti means "to are caused by vitiation of this agni, another perform" or "to form". Put together, meaning of agni is kaya, and kaya (agni) prakruti means "natural form" or "original chikita is included in Ashtang Ayurved. (3) form" or "original source". Disease occurs Prakruti means neutrality or habits when there is a change in this original or condition. (4) In Ayurveda, prakruti form at the psychological or physiological concept has been given much importance. level. Ayurvedic treatment also emphasize on Ayurveda lays emphasis on examining the prakruti or the natural states examining the prakruti or the natural state of an individual before proceeding. The of an individual first. The disease vikruti is prakruti or the physical constitution, examined later. However, in terms of the Susceptibility to diseases, mental functioning of living beings, Ayurveda make-up and lifestyle of an individual is sees all actions based on three basic ascertained in accordance to the elemental functions called doshas - constitution of the universe. Hence the namely vata, pitta and kapha. Before a concept of agni, prakruti & its inter- detailed description of each prakruti type, relation are vital factors which are to be the qualities of each of the doshas are studied in detail for wellbeing of a person. given. These qualities are manifested in the individual's personality. Need of topic In Ayurvedic compendia relation Vata prakruti between prakruti and Agni is not quoted Vata is dry, light, mobile, directly except Tikshnagni in Pitta expansible, quick, cold, rough, clear and prakruti.(5) If it is quoted indirectly astringent in taste. So, dry quality of vata (anukta) elsewhere in Ayurvedic texts then is manifested in the body as dry skin and it should be enlightened. thin structure i.e. lean body. The hair, This study may give some idea of nails, teeth and eyes appear dry. The voice preventive measures for diseases caused is weak, low, crackling and hoarse. These by agni and prakruti. individuals require little sleep and are hyperactive. The movements of the Aim & objectives individuals - especially of the eyebrows,  To study concept of prakruti chin, lips, tongue and limbs are quick and  To study concept of agni. unsteady. The expansive nature is manifest  To re-establish relation in between in prominent blood vessels. Due to quick prakruti and agni with help of action, the individual shows early initiative

265 Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN: 0976-5921 International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2013, 4(4), 264-271 in work but because of the dry quality he soft, the looks gentle and clear. The sweet loses strength and becomes tired. Their quality gives them a large quantity of memory is weak but they have a quick semen and they have a strong sexual urge. grasp. Due to the cold nature, the body The stable and steady quality endows them temperature is low and body stiff. The with a well-built and steady body. The natural desires and craving for food and dense nature provides fullness to the body environment are opposite to the qualities and organs. The slow quality of vata. They have meager seminal fluid of kapha makes the individuals slow in and have only a few children. They tend to their activities but they have strong have a short life span.(6) perseverance and are emotionally very mild. They have steady and slow body Pitta prakruti movements. The cold quality results in Pitta is hot, penetrating, slightly poor appetite and low body temperature. foul smelling, liquid, sour and pungent in The steady and dense quality gives them taste. So steady joints and ligaments. The clear Due to the inherent hot quality of quality gives rise to a pleasant appearance, pitta, these individuals have a high colour and voice. All the qualities of metabolic rate, a tendency to eat and drink kapha endow the individual with strength, a lot and are often thirsty. They develop wealth and energy and also a long life. (8) moles and skin eruptions. They possess Most people are a combination of soft and scanty hair and tend to be two doshas i.e. dwandvaja prakruti. They prematurely grey and bald. They are possess characteristics of both doshas unable to bear even minimum heat. They involved depending on the percentage of are brave and courageous but cannot the combination. A balanced constitution tolerate exertion. They get easily provoked is ideal and extremely rare in which the and upset. The fluid quality makes the balanced state of all the three doshas body parts, muscles and joints soft and neutralizes the bad or unwanted qualities, flabby. The high metabolic rate leads to support and bring out good qualities of the excessive perspiration and excretion. The other. foul smell of the pitta tends to give them a strong body odour. The quality of heat and The concept of Agni pungent taste leads to limited sexual urge, The term “Agni” generally means scanty semen and limited progeny. Due to fire. In Ayurvedic perspective this term the sharp and quick action, they have a does not actually means fire. In this very good intellect, grasping power, context, it comprehends various factors memory and are of moderate strength and which participate in and direct the course the life span is medium.(7) of digestion and metabolism in living and physiologically functioning organism. Kapha prakruti Kapha is unctuous, smooth, soft, Etymology and sweet in taste, stable, dense, slow, The word, agni is the root verb of rigid, cold and clear. Kapha “anga” in the broad sense agni. That prakruti individuals tend to have soft which is present in each and every cell of limbs, slow gait and are slow to human body is called agni. (9) understand. . Due to the unctuous nature Historical Review-Dharshan of kapha, the individuals of kapha and Upanishada prakruti possess unctuous and oily skin. Agni is represented by different The soft quality of kapha makes the face types like, Teja, Pitta, etc. This agni only

266 Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN: 0976-5921 Sarita V. Ohol et.al., A review on relation between prakruti and agni causes the regeneration and destruction of On the other hand, Sushruta is seen the Universe, continuation of this cycle is to have described five agni viz. only due to agni. The cycle is maintained pachakagni, ranjakagni, alochakani, by agni. sadhakagni and bhrajakagni. In Ashtang Agni is in heat and Aura of sun, hrudya, it is seen to have reckoned five light of moon, Gold, Silver, pearls, the pitas, five bhutagnis, seven dhatwaagnis, glow of eyes, nails, skin etc. The shining three doshagnis, three malagnis, in all 23 of different colours, flowers. Heat or agnis. In Sharangdhara, it is seen to have energy located in live human being causes recognized five pittas only. On the other transformation or digestion (paka- hand, Bhavprakash it is seen to have prinaman). All these are different forms of accepted types of agni as stated in Charka agni. and Vagbhat. Whereas Arundatta the commentator has stated in Ashtanghrudya, Swarupa (properties) and Guna that there are seven hundred agnis of sira (Qualities) and five hundred agnis of mansa peshi. Agni described in terms of This is all about agni healthy individual. panchabhutas may go a long way in the This agni changes due to clarification of the Tejomahabhuta. vishamaaahar, vihar, kaala (visarga, According to Charak, Sushrut & Vagbhat aadan) etc; this turns to vriddhi or kshsya the composition of pitta is dominated by of agni. It has been prescribed as vikrut agnimahabhut. Vagbhat has clearly stated agni which changes due to predominance that pitta is panchabhautic & it is drava in of doshas. If particular dosha is consistency, inspite of which, it performs aggravated, means mandagni is due to action, similar to Anal (fire) – in the course aggravation of kaphadosha. Attyagni is of the process of digestion, largely due to due to aggravation pittadosha. the activation of its tejas component Vishamaagni is due to aggravation of (discarding its liquidity - tyaktadratva). vatadosha & Samagni due to equal state of This pachak pitta is known as jatharagi, tridoshas, which leads to healthy body. kosthagni, antaragni, pachakagni & (11) dehagni etc. It is located in an area bewteen amashaya & pakwashaya. It Discussion directly participates in the digestion of Superficially it may appear that food. (10) some prakrutis are better than others. Each type has its positive and negative aspects. Types We need to understand where we stand It would be seen from the forgoing and accept it. Then we need to plan that the Ayurvedic concept of agni intelligently to attain the healthiest state by includes, not only kinds of pittas but also realizing our potential. The Ayurvedic the dhatwaagnis (tissue fire) & bhutaagnis understanding of prakruti provides a way (elemental fire). It is clear from the to do both these - to analyze and assess classical Ayurvedic texts. That the where we stand and to provide guidance to enumeration of number of agnis (which attain perfect health. include pitta) varies from author to author. The Ayurvedic system of diagnosing According to Charak , read prakruti offers unique insights in together with its main Commentary by understanding and assessing one's health. Chakrapani Datta, the number of agnis It is comprehensive in scope, spanning enumerated are over 13 as one antaragni, both physical and mental aspects. It is not five bhutagni seven dhatwagni . merely a diagnostic device but also a guide to action for good health. But diagnosing

267 Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN: 0976-5921 International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2013, 4(4), 264-271 our prakruti should not become a are sharp due to affliction of the site of rationalization for better health. It provides agni by pittadosha, similarly incase of detailed guidelines to adapt one's food and individuals having the dominance of behavior to suit one's prakruti. kaphadosha in their constitution, the agnis As per the Ayurvedic view, food is are mild due to affliction of the site of agni digested by agni within us - just as it is by kaphadosha. In case of individual s cooked by agni outside. According to having the dominance of vatadosha in Ayurveda, there is a "stimulus-response" their constitution; the agnis are irregular relation between the agni within us and the due to affliction of the site of agni by outside agni - namely the sun. When vatadosha. In Charak Samhita Vimansthan the agni outside is strong (i.e. in summer) sixth chapter four types of agni viz the agni inside us (our digestion) is weak tikshana (sharp); manda (mild); and vice-versa. This is reflected in the way vishama(irregular) and sama (regular) are in which our food customs have been spelt. The first three (excluding sama or adapted to seasonal changes. Knowledge normal type of agni) are types of disorders regarding changes in our digestive power of agni which constitute grahani dosha with the varying seasons has been well (disorders of duodenum and small understood in society. To understand, in intestine. (13, 14, 15, 16) which direction we should move and how Agni (digestive fire); which digest we should act to improve our physical and food, is of four types .the three types are mental well-being relation between irregular, intense and mild by dominance prakruti and agni discussed here. of vatadosha pittadosha kaphadosh All available editions of the the respectively and the forth one is sama main Ayurvedic compendia have (normal) due to equilibrium of all doshas, described four states of jatharagi viz. this sama agni digest the ingested food sama, vishama, tikshnna, and manda. properly and in time. But, if the agni is Depending upon their intensity, agni irregular the symptoms will be flatulence; (factor responsible for digestion and colic upward movement of , diarrhea, metabolism) located in body human being heaviness and gurgaling sound in abdomen can be classified under four categories; viz and tenesmus; The agni, which digest the sharp, mild, regular, and irregular. The food taken in large quantity in short time is sharp type is capable to tolerate all types intense, the same is in advanced stage is of irregularities where as the mild types known as attyagni (excessive digestive are of the opposite functioning. The capacity) this agni digest the food taken regular or balance type of agni gets even in large quantity and frequently in impaired even by minor irregularities and shorter duration and also produces dryness maintains its normalcy so long as there is of throat, palate and lips, burning sensation no irregularity. The irregular type of agni and pyrexia at the end .and the agni, which is opposed to that of regular and balanced digest even little food in longer duration type of in nature. Sometimes it gets producing heaviness in abdomen and head, impaired and sometimes irregularities do cough, dyspnoea, salivation vomiting not get impair it. (12) malaise is mild. All these three are These four types of agni occur in abnormal and give rise to many diseases of the four types of individuals. Individuals the causative doshas. (17) having vatadosh, pittadosha, and Jatharagi is sama (normal) when kaphadosha in their balanced and normal saman vayu is in normal seat or in normal state, agnis are regular or balanced. In case condition. It becomes vishama (erratic) of individuals having the dominance of when saman vayu in wrong path or pittadosha in their constitution; the agnis increased. (18) Vishamaagni due to

268 Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN: 0976-5921 Sarita V. Ohol et.al., A review on relation between prakruti and agni dominance of vatadosha; it would means (25), (26), (27) This type of agni helps in either tiksnaagni or manda agni because proper nourishment and promotion of yogavahi(catalyst) is one of the properties health as well as strength. of vatadosha. (19) It means when To understand the relation vatadosha associated with pitta dosha, between prakruti and agni, tantrayukti will along tiksna(sharp), ushna(warm) be helpful. tantrayukti i.e. the basic properties the symptoms of tikshnagni will knowledge to learn science; which be present, if more intense then symptoms provides knowledge of vakyayojana ( of attyaagni will be present. If vatadosh technique of writing) and arthayojana associated with kaphadosha along sheet (explains hidden meanings). (cold) property, symptoms of mandagni It would be incorrect to say that to will be present. It is tikshna (very avoid ativyaptti (excess explanation of powerful) when samanvayu is associated literature) of granthas, quoted with pittadosh and it is manda (weak) vishamagni and madagni belong to vata associated with kaphdosha. The strength prakruti and pitta prakruti respectively of the grahani is due to agni and strength according to madhyalopa and of agni is due to grahani when the agni aadimadhyanta arthashraya tantrayukti. undergoes vitiation and grahani also gets Instead of which it would be more correct altered and produces diseases. Irregular, that vishamagni, mandaagni are disorders intense and agni produces diseases of of grahani as per prakarnaadhikar vatadosha, pittadosha, and kaphdosha tantrayukti. respectively (20). Hence mild, sharp (attyagni) and It is also necessary to take into irregular types of agni came in context of account the sign and symptoms of the disorder of grahani. It is observed that, normal and abnormal states of jatharagi tiksnagni is quoated in individual having according to age, season, aharvihar etc. pitta prakruti, because there is ashraya (21, 22, 23) Among these agni, normal ashryee relation in pitta dosha and agni should be preserved. Vishamaa agni agni.(28) Dominance of pitta dosha in (irregular) should be treated with pitta prakruti as well as tikshna agni with unctuous, sour, salty substances and other the tikshna, ushna properties of pitta dosha specific measures. (Intense) should be are similar to the properties of agni.(29) treated with sweet, unctuous, cold Hence all these literature would be substances as well as purgatives should be justified in context with pitta prakruti and applied. Attyagni (More intense agni) tikshnagni according to samanyavishesh should be treated with buffalo’s milk curd siddhant. and . While mild agni should be Summing up all literature treated with pungent, bitter, astringent regarding prakruti and agni, study shows substances as well as emetics. (24) that not only influence of dosha, kala, Agni should be preserved with aahar, desha are the factors but also jati, great efforts by the proper use of suitable kula, panch mahabhuta etc. plays an foods and drinks on its normalcy depends important role in formation of prakruti. the life span condition of depends the life Hence it should be determined by all span and condition of strength of the aspects and not only by the influence of persons. Such diet and regimen, as stand in dosha. Likewise, agni also should not only the dosha responsible for the particular judged by prakruti but also by considering prakruti (body constitution) are prescribed other factors like dosha, age, season, work for the maintenance of positive health for pattern, yoga practice, quality and quantity individuals have equipoise state of dosha food, habit, mental states, desha, effect of in proportionate quantity is prescribed. treatment etc.

269 Published online in http://ijam.co.in ISSN: 0976-5921 International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine, 2013, 4(4), 264-271

Conclusion Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, By reviewing literature, it can be , Chaukhamba Surbharati concluded that there is no relation between Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, prakruti and agni except pitta prakruti and Pg. 277 tikshna agni. Because it varies with 6. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, external environmental factors like Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika seasons, diurnal change etc. It also Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, depends upon age, aaharmatra (quantity Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati of food), aahar swarup (quality of food), Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, and not on prakruti except pitta prakruti. Pg. 277 Jatharagi cannot be comprehended 7. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, directly due to subtlety. It is located in Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika interior of the body remains in equilibrium Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, state if there is equilibrium amongst the Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati dosha; but it should be preserved in all Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, ways by staying three types of vayu, i.e. Pg. 277 prana, apana, and saman in their 8. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, respective positions. Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Scope for further study Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati With help of this study, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, experimental research can be carried out. Pg. 277 9. Radhakantdev Bahadurne, References Shabdakalpadrum, pratham kand, 1. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Delhi-7, Nag Publishers Pg. No.8 Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika 10. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati 2. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Sushrutsamhita, Nibandh Sangrah Pg. 517. Commentary Of Shree Dalhanachayra, 11. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Reprint, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Sushrutsamhita, Nibandh Sangrah Das Academy,2004, Pg. Commentary Of Shree Dalhanachayra, No.75. Reprint, Varanasi, Chaukhamba 3. Sadashiv Shatry, Ashtanghruday Krishna Das Academy,2004, Pg. No. Of Vagbhat With Commentaries, Of 154. Arun datta And Hemadry, 12. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Varanasi,Chaukhamba Surbharati Sushrutsamhita, Nibandh Sangrah Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2002, Commentary Of Shree Dalhanachayra, Pg No. 5. Reprint, Varanasi, Chaukhamba 4. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Krishna Das Academy,2004, Pg. No. Sushrutsamhita, Nibandh Sangrah 154 Commentary Of Shree Dalhanachayra, 13. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Reprint, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Krishna Das Academy,2004, Pg. No. Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, 361 Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati 5. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Pg. 517

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14. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, 22. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Sushrutsamhita, Nibandh Sangrah Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Commentary Of Shree Dalhanachayra, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Reprint, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Krishna Das Academy,2004, Pg. No. Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, 154. Pg. 36 15. Hari Sadashiv Shatry, Ashtanghruday 23. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Of Vagbhat With Commentaries, Of Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Arun Data And Hemadry, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Varanasi,Chaukhamba Surbharati Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2002, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Pg No. 7. Pg. 46 16. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, 24. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Sushrutsamhita, Nibandh Sangrah Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Commentary Of Shree Dalhanachayra, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Reprint, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Krishna Das Academy,2004, Pg. No. Pg. 525. 154. 17. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, 25. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Sushrutsamhita, Nibandh Sangrah Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Commentary Of Shree Dalhanachayra, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Reprint, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Krishna Das Academy,2004, Pg. No. Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, 154. Pg. 47 18. Hari Sadashiv Shatry, Ashtanghruday 26. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Of Vagbhat With Commentaries, Of Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Arun Data And Hemadry, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Varanasi,Chaukhamba Surbharati Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2002, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Pg No. 46. Pg. 36 19. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, 27. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Pg.401 Pg.255 20. Hari Sadashiv Shatry, Ashtanghruday 28. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Of Vagbhat With Commentaries, Of Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Arun Data And Hemadry, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Varanasi,Chaukhamba Surbharati Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2002, Publication, Oriental Publishers, 2005, Pg No. 46. Pg.79 21. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, 29. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Charaksahita,Eiyh Ayurved Dipika Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Commentary By Chakrapanidatta, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Varanasi, Chaukhamba Surbharati Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Publication,Oriental Publishers, 2005, Pg. 47 Pg. 277 *****

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