DOCSLIB.ORG

Aglaia Stellatopilosa

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date -» - n 8 March 2012 (08.03.2012) 2U12/U3U2U6 Al (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every CI2Q 1/68 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY, BZ, (21) International Application Number: CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, PCT/MY20 11/000061 DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, 31 May 201 1 (3 1.05.201 1) KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, (25) Filing Language: English NO, NZ, OM, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, (26) Publication Language: English SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (30) Priority Data: PI 2010004090 30 August 2010 (30.08.2010) (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): THE GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF SARAWAK, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, MALAYSIA [MY/MY]; Level 17, Wisma Bapa TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, Malaysia, Petra Jaya, Kuching, Sarawak 93502 (MY). EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV, MC, MK, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, RS, SE, SI, SK, (72) Inventors; and SM, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, (75) Inventors/ Applicants (for US only): YEO, Tiong Chia GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). [MY/MY]; c/o Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, KM 20, an Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Locked Bag No. 3032, Declarations under Rule 4.17 : 93990, Kuching, Sarawak, (MY). NG LING NAH, Be¬ — as to the identity of the inventor (Rule 4.17 (i)) linda [MY/MY]; c/o Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, KM 20, an Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Locked Bag No. — as to applicant's entitlement to apply for and be granted 3032, 93990, Kuching, Sarawak (MY). MARIANI BIN- a patent (Rule 4.1 7(H)) TI, Omarzuki@Marzuki [MY/MY]; c/o Sarawak Biodi — of inventorship (Rule 4.1 7(iv)) versity Centre, KM 20, Man Borneo Heights, Semengoh, Locked Bag No. 3032, 93990, Kuching, Sarawak (MY). Published: (74) Agent: CHUAH Jern Ern; ADVANZ FIDELIS Sdn. — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) Bhd., Suite 609, Block D, Phileo Damansara 1, No. 9, — with sequence listing part of description (Rule 5.2(a)) Man 16/1 1, 46350 Petaling Jaya, Selangor (MY). (54) Title: METHOD FOR IDENTIFICATION OF AGLAIA STELLATOPILOSA o o Figure 2 © (57) Abstract: A method for identification of Aglaia stellatopilosa is by identifying a set of nucleotides in the internal transcribed o spacer (ITS) regions of Aglaia stellatopilosa ribosomal DNA (rDNA), which only exists and belongs to said Aglaia stellatopilosa. This set of nucleotides, which serves as an identity of Aglaia stellatopilosa, is then used to identify and distinguish Aglaia s tel o latopilosa from other Aglaia species, by checking the presence of said set of nucleotides in the ITS regions of plant sample to be identified. METHOD FOR IDENTIFICATION OF AGLAIA STELLATOPILOSA TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention is related to a method for identification of Aglaia stellatopilosa, and more particularly, to a method for molecular identification of Aglaia stellatopilosa by verifying the presence of a specific set of nucleotides in plant sample to be identified. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Aglaia stellatopilosa belongs to the tropical and subtropical angiosperm family of Meliaceae, which is a medium sized family of woody trees or shrubs of both hemispheres, comprising of 5 1 genera. Among those 5 1 genera, Aglaia is the largest genus of the Meliaceae family and it is estimated that there are about 100 known species of Aglaia in the world. As the morphologies of Aglaia species are very similar, there is a need to produce a method to identify and distinguish Aglaia stellatopilosa from other Aglaia species for the purposes of raw material collection, propagation and selection, and extraction and isolation of compound from said Aglaia stellatopilosa. Aglaia species has been known for its medicinal properties and are being used by indigenous people as traditional treatment for fever, fractures, parturition, and inflammation. The conventional method for identifying and distinguishing between Aglaia species via taxonomy classification based on morphology has sometimes led to controversial opinions, misidentifications and/or reclassifications, etc. These limitations could jeopardize the selection of the targeted species.. For one instance to a non-expert, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish the leaves of Aglaia glabriflora from those of Aglaia stellatopilosa as their morphologies are very similar. Hence, the conventional taxonomic identification approach is less reliable, of limited application by a small group of experts, resulting in need of an alternative method to identify the species. As a result, it is prudent to solve the aforesaid problems by providing a method for molecular identification of Aglaia stellatopilosa by verifying the presence of a specific set of nucleotides in plant sample to be identified. SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION It is an aim of this present invention to address the aforementioned problems by providing a method to identify and distinguish Aglaia stellatopilosa from other Aglaia species by identifying a specific set of nucleotides within the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of Aglaia stellatopilosa ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence, which only exists and belongs to Aglaia stellatopilosa. This specific set of nucleotides, which serves as an identity of Aglaia stellatopilosa, is then used to identify and distinguish Aglaia stellatopilosa from other Aglaia species, by checking the presence of said set of nucleotides in the ITS regions of plant sample to be identified. In another words, said set of nucleotides enables species-level discrimination of Aglaia stellatopilosa from other Aglaia species. This method is developed for the purposes of facilitating raw material collection, propagation, selection and verification, and extraction and isolation of compound with medicinal properties from Aglaia stellatopilosa. In an embodiment of the present invention, the specific set of nucleotides are T, T, A , T, T, T, T, A , T at respective specific positions of 185, 217, 310, 360, 376, 6 15, 714, 786, and 790 Aglaia stellatopilosa rDNA sequence, which is set forth as SEQ ID N0.1 . Note that the numerical positions of these 9 nucleotides are calculated from the first base of the forward primer, which is set forth as SEQ ID NO.2. Also note that the nucleotides at the positions of 185, 217, 310, 360, and 376 of SEQ ID N0.1 are located at the ITS 1 region o Aglaia stellatopilosa rDNA, whereas the nucleotides at the positions of 615, 714, 786, and 790 of SEQ ID N0.1 are located at the ITS 2 region f Aglaia stellatopilosa rDNA. Briefly, the specific set of nucleotides as described above serving as the identity of Aglaia stellatopilosa is developed through experimental procedures, which comprise steps of extracting nucleic acids from Aglaia stellatopilosa; amplifying the ITS regions from the rDNA of Aglaia stellatopilosa via polymerase chain reaction with a pair of primers capable of flanking part of 18S rDNA and part of 26S rDNA of Aglaia stellatopilosa; purifying and sequencing the amplified product; blasting the ITS sequence of Aglaia stellatopilosa against National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database to identify species that scored high sequence similarity; and aligning the ITS sequence of Aglaia stellatopilosa against the ITS sequences of identified species to identify the nucleotides within the ITS 1 and ITS 2 regions that only exist and belong to Aglaia stellatopilosa. In another embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining the exact identity of plant sample to be identified as Aglaia stellatopilosa or non-Aglaia stellatopilosa is firstly by extracting nucleic acids from said plant sample, wherein the nucleic acids are DNAs. Secondly, a pair of primers is added to the extracted nucleic acids, wherein said primers are capable of flanking part of 18S rDNA and part of 26S rDNA of said plant sample, which include the ITS regions. In a preferred embodiment, the primers are set forth as SEQ ID NO.2 and SEQ ID NO.3, or equivalents thereof, provided said equivalents are also capable of flanking part of 18S rDNA and part of 26S rDNA of said plant sample, which include the ITS regions. Subsequently, the flanked region is amplified by way of polymerase chain reaction. The amplified region is then purified and sequenced prior to verification. During the verification process, the ITS sequence of said plant sample is checked for the presence of the specific set of nucleotides in accordance with the present invention at the specific positions of 185, 217, 310, 360, 376, 615, 714, 786, and 790. The identity of said plant sample is verified as Aglaia stellatopilosa when the nucleotides of said plant sample at the specific positions of 185, 217, 310, 360, 376, 615, 714, 786, and 790 are T, T, A , T, T, T, T, A , and T, respectively. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figures 1A, 1B, 1C, and 1D illustrate sequence alignments of ITS sequence of Aglaia stellatopilosa with ITS sequences of other Aglaia plant species; and Figure 2 illustrates the set of nucleotides and positions of each nucleotide in rDNA of Aglaia stellapilosa in accordance with the present invention.
Recommended publications
  • Fl. China 11: 121–124. 2008. 11. AGLAIA Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1

    Fl. China 11: 121–124. 2008. 11. AGLAIA Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1

    Fl. China 11: 121–124. 2008. 11. AGLAIA Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 98, 173. 1790, nom. cons., not F. Allamand (1770). 米仔兰属 mi zi lan shu Peng Hua (彭华); Caroline M. Pannell Trees or shrubs, dioecious, young parts usually lepidote or stellately pubescent. Leaves alternate to subopposite, odd-pinnate, 3- foliolate, or rarely simple; leaflet blade margins entire. Flowers in axillary thyrses, small, usually globose. Calyx slightly or deeply 3– 5-lobed. Petals 3–5, short, concave, quincuncial or imbricate in bud, distinct or rarely basally connate and adnate to staminal tube. Stamens as many as or more than petals; staminal tube usually subglobose, obovoid, or cup-shaped with apex incurved, apical margin entire, crenate, or shallowly lobed; anthers 5 or 6(–12), included, slightly exserted, or rarely semiexserted. Disk absent. Ovary 1–3(or 4)-locular, with 1 or 2 ovules per locule; style short or absent; stigma ovoid or shortly cylindric. Fruit with fibrous pericarp, indehiscent with 1 or 2 locules or loculicidally dehiscent with 3 locules; locules without seeds or each containing 1 seed; pericarp often containing latex. Seeds usually surrounded by a colloidal and fleshy aril; endosperm absent. About 120 species: tropical and subtropical Asia, tropical Australia, Pacific islands; eight species in China. Aglaia is the only source of the group of about 50 known representatives of compounds that bear a unique cyclopenta[b]tetrahydrobenzofuran skeleton. These compounds are more commonly called rocaglate or rocaglamide derivatives, or flavaglines, and have been found to have anticancer and pesticidal properties. Since the first representative in this group was only discovered in 1982, this is one of the few recent examples of a completely new class of plant secondary metabolites of biological promise (see B.
  • Silvestrol Induces Early Autophagy and Apoptosis in Human Melanoma Cells Wei-Lun Chen1, Li Pan2, A

    Silvestrol Induces Early Autophagy and Apoptosis in Human Melanoma Cells Wei-Lun Chen1, Li Pan2, A

    Chen et al. BMC Cancer (2016) 16:17 DOI 10.1186/s12885-015-1988-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Silvestrol induces early autophagy and apoptosis in human melanoma cells Wei-Lun Chen1, Li Pan2, A. Douglas Kinghorn2, Steven M. Swanson1,3 and Joanna E. Burdette1* Abstract Background: Silvestrol is a cyclopenta[b]benzofuran that was isolated from the fruits and twigs of Aglaia foveolata, a plant indigenous to Borneo in Southeast Asia. The purpose of the current study was to determine if inhibition of protein synthesis caused by silvestrol triggers autophagy and apoptosis in cultured human cancer cells derived from solid tumors. Methods: In vitro cell viability, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, qPCR and immunoblot was used to study the mechanism of action of silvestrol in MDA-MB-435 melanoma cells. Results: By 24 h, a decrease in cyclin B and cyclin D expression was observed in silvestrol-treated cells relative to control. In addition, silvestrol blocked progression through the cell cycle at the G2-phase. In silvestrol-treated cells, DAPI staining of nuclear chromatin displayed nucleosomal fragments. Annexin V staining demonstrated an increase in apoptotic cells after silvestrol treatment. Silvestrol induced caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, both silvestrol and SAHA enhanced autophagosome formation in MDA-MB-435 cells. MDA-MB-435 cells responded to silvestrol treatment with accumulation of LC3-II and time-dependent p62 degradation. Bafilomycin A, an autophagy inhibitor, resulted in the accumulation of LC3 in cells treated with silvestrol. Silvestrol-mediated cell death was attenuated in ATG7-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking a functional autophagy protein.
  • The Framework Species Approach to Forest Restoration: Using Functional Traits As Predictors of Species Performance

    The Framework Species Approach to Forest Restoration: Using Functional Traits As Predictors of Species Performance

    - 1 - The Framework Species Approach to forest restoration: using functional traits as predictors of species performance. Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Hannah Betts July 2013 - 2 - - 3 - Abstract Due to forest degradation and loss, the use of ecological restoration techniques has become of particular interest in recent years. One such method is the Framework Species Approach (FSA), which was developed in Queensland, Australia. The Framework Species Approach involves a single planting (approximately 30 species) of both early and late successional species. Species planted must survive in the harsh conditions of an open site as well as fulfilling the functions of; (a) fast growth of a broad dense canopy to shade out weeds and reduce the chance of forest fire, (b) early production of flowers or fleshy fruits to attract seed dispersers and kick start animal-mediated seed distribution to the degraded site. The Framework Species Approach has recently been used as part of a restoration project in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park in northern Thailand by the Forest Restoration Research Unit (FORRU) of Chiang Mai University. FORRU have undertaken a number of trials on species performance in the nursery and the field to select appropriate species. However, this has been time-consuming and labour- intensive. It has been suggested that the need for such trials may be reduced by the pre-selection of species using their functional traits as predictors of future performance. Here, seed, leaf and wood functional traits were analysed against predictions from ecological models such as the CSR Triangle and the pioneer concept to assess the extent to which such models described the ecological strategies exhibited by woody species in the seasonally-dry tropical forests of northern Thailand.
  • Taxanomic Composition and Conservation Status of Plants in Imbak Canyon, Sabah, Malaysia

    Taxanomic Composition and Conservation Status of Plants in Imbak Canyon, Sabah, Malaysia

    Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation 16: 79–100, 2019 ISSN 1823-3902 E-ISSN 2550-1909 Short Notes Taxanomic Composition and Conservation Status of Plants in Imbak Canyon, Sabah, Malaysia Elizabeth Pesiu1*, Reuben Nilus2, John Sugau2, Mohd. Aminur Faiz Suis2, Petrus Butin2, Postar Miun2, Lawrence Tingkoi2, Jabanus Miun2, Markus Gubilil2, Hardy Mangkawasa3, Richard Majapun2, Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah1,4 1Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu 2Forest Research Centre, Sabah Forestry Department, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia 3 Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Yayasan Sabah 4Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Terengganu *Corresponding authors: [email protected] Abstract A study of plant diversity and their conservation status was conducted in Batu Timbang, Imbak Canyon Conservation Area (ICCA), Sabah. The study aimed to document plant diversity and to identify interesting, endemic, rare and threatened plant species which were considered high conservation value species. A total of 413 species from 82 families were recorded from the study area of which 93 taxa were endemic to Borneo, including 10 endemic to Sabah. These high conservation value species are key conservation targets for any forested area such as ICCA. Proper knowledge of plant diversity and their conservation status is vital for the formulation of a forest management plan for the Batu Timbang area. Keywords: Vascular plant, floral diversity, endemic, endangered, Borneo Introduction The earth as it is today has a lot of important yet beneficial natural resources such as tropical forests. Tropical forests are one of the world’s richest ecosystems, providing a wide range of important natural resources comprising vital biotic and abiotic components (Darus, 1982).
  • Diversity and Composition of Plant Species in the Forest Over Limestone of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Bohol, Philippines

    Diversity and Composition of Plant Species in the Forest Over Limestone of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Bohol, Philippines

    Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e55790 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.8.e55790 Research Article Diversity and composition of plant species in the forest over limestone of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Bohol, Philippines Wilbert A. Aureo‡,§, Tomas D. Reyes|, Francis Carlo U. Mutia§, Reizl P. Jose ‡,§, Mary Beth Sarnowski¶ ‡ Department of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bohol Island State University, Bohol, Philippines § Central Visayas Biodiversity Assessment and Conservation Program, Research and Development Office, Bohol Island State University, Bohol, Philippines | Institute of Renewable Natural Resources, College of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines ¶ United States Peace Corps Philippines, Diosdado Macapagal Blvd, Pasay, 1300, Metro Manila, Philippines Corresponding author: Wilbert A. Aureo ([email protected]) Academic editor: Anatoliy Khapugin Received: 24 Jun 2020 | Accepted: 25 Sep 2020 | Published: 29 Dec 2020 Citation: Aureo WA, Reyes TD, Mutia FCU, Jose RP, Sarnowski MB (2020) Diversity and composition of plant species in the forest over limestone of Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape, Bohol, Philippines. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e55790. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e55790 Abstract Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL), considered the last frontier within the Central Visayas region, is an ideal location for flora and fauna research due to its rich biodiversity. This recent study was conducted to determine the plant species composition and diversity and to select priority areas for conservation to update management strategy. A field survey was carried out in fifteen (15) 20 m x 100 m nested plots established randomly in the forest over limestone of RSPL from July to October 2019.
  • Honorary Editors: in 1962 a MSS. on the Indonesian Species of Lansium

    Honorary Editors: in 1962 a MSS. on the Indonesian Species of Lansium

    KEINWARDTIA HERBARIUM BOGORlENSE Published by Herbarium Bogoriense, Bogor, Indonesia Volume 7, Part 3, p.p. 221—282 (1966) Head: ANWARI DILMY, Dip. For., Lecturer in Botany. A MONOGRAPH OF AGLAIA, sect. LANSIUM Kosterm. (MELIACEAE) Staff: W. SOEGENG REKSODIHARDJO, Ph.D., Botanist. A. J. G. H. KOSTERMANS *) E. SOEPADMO, Ph.D., „ SUMMARY E. KUSWATA EAETAWINATA, B.SC, ASS. Botanist. 1. The history of the genus and the arguments for merging it with Aglaia,, are MIEN A. RIPAI, M.SC, ASS. Mycologist. expounded. DJAJA DJENBOEL SOEJARTO, M.SC, ASS. Botanist. 2. The section Lansium of Aglaia is characterized by simple hairs and contains 15 N. WlRAWAN, B.Sc, „ species. I. SOEJATMI, B.Sc, » 8. Aglaia kinabaluensis, A. intricatoreticulata, A. membrartacea and A. chartacea are new to science. 4. New combinations: Aglaia anamallayana, aquea, breviracemosa, dubia, koster- Honorary editors: mansii, pedicellata, sepalina. New names: A. steenisii (base: L. pedicellatum C. G. G. J. VAN STEENIS, D.SC, Flora Malesiana Kosterm.), A. pseudolansium (base: L.cinereum Hiern). Foundation. 5. The genus Reinwardtiodendron Koorders is merged with Aglaia (sect Lansium) ; A. J. G. H. KOSTERMANS, D.Sc, Forest Research new name: A. reinwardtiana (base R. celebicum Kds.). Institute. 6. Excluded are: Lansium decandrum Roxb. and L. hum.ile Hassk., which are referred to Aphanamixis (A. decandra and A. humile, comb, nov.). 7. Aglaia jdnowskyi Harms is referred to Amoora as A. janowskyi (Harms) Kosterm., comb. nov. 8. The three well-known, commercial fruit trees: Duku, Langsat and Pisitan are considered to represent three distict species. They have been treated exhaustively. 9. Melia parasitica Osbeck is referred to Dysoxylum as D.
  • Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem

    Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem

    Check List 9(2): 186–207, 2013 © 2013 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution Check List of Wild Angiosperms of Bhagwan Mahavir PECIES S OF Mandar Nilkanth Datar 1* and P. Lakshminarasimhan 2 ISTS L (Molem) National Park, Goa, India *1 CorrespondingAgharkar Research author Institute, E-mail: G. [email protected] G. Agarkar Road, Pune - 411 004. Maharashtra, India. 2 Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, P. O. Botanic Garden, Howrah - 711 103. West Bengal, India. Abstract: Bhagwan Mahavir (Molem) National Park, the only National park in Goa, was evaluated for it’s diversity of Angiosperms. A total number of 721 wild species belonging to 119 families were documented from this protected area of which 126 are endemics. A checklist of these species is provided here. Introduction in the National Park are Laterite and Deccan trap Basalt Protected areas are most important in many ways for (Naik, 1995). Soil in most places of the National Park area conservation of biodiversity. Worldwide there are 102,102 is laterite of high and low level type formed by natural Protected Areas covering 18.8 million km2 metamorphosis and degradation of undulation rocks. network of 660 Protected Areas including 99 National Minerals like bauxite, iron and manganese are obtained Parks, 514 Wildlife Sanctuaries, 43 Conservation. India Reserves has a from these soils. The general climate of the area is tropical and 4 Community Reserves covering a total of 158,373 km2 with high percentage of humidity throughout the year.
  • Ecology of the Coastal Heath Forest Flora - a Case Study from Terengganu, Malaysia

    Ecology of the Coastal Heath Forest Flora - a Case Study from Terengganu, Malaysia

    Emir. J. Food Agric. 2014. 26 (12): 1114-1123 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.v26i12.19122 http://www.ejfa.info/ REGULAR ARTICLE Ecology of the Coastal Heath Forest flora - A case study from Terengganu, Malaysia A. W. Syuharni1, K. R. Hakeem1*, I. Faridah-Hanum1*, M. S. Alias1 and M. Ozturk2 1Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor, Malaysia 2Botany Department, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey Abstract This study was conducted to determine the floral diversity and biomass in a coastal heath forest at Rantau Abang, Terengganu, Malaysia. The plot included contiguously arranged 100 subplots (10 m x 10 m). Results showed that 959 trees of 63 species belonging to 52 genera and 30 families are distributed in this coastal forest. Myrtaceae is the largest family (163 trees) followed by Annonaceae (160 trees) and Lecythidaceae (100 trees). Euphorbiaceae is the most diverse family containing 6 genera and 6 species. Syzygium claviflorum var. claviflorum (15.5%) was the dominant species followed by Polyalthia hypogaea (12.7%) and Barringtonia macrostachya (10.4%). Dipterocarpaceae has a small stocking as compared to the non-dipterocarp families in this forest. This family comprised about 9% of tree density and 6% of tree species diversity. The dominant species from Dipterocarpaceae is Shorea materialis. The total biomass in the forest lies around 249 ton/ha. The largest contribution to the biomass comes from Dipterocarpaceae with 86 ton/ha (34.5%) followed by Myrtaceae 75.3 ton/ha (30.2%). The biomass contribution of Shorea materialis is78.8 ton/ha, followed by Syzygium claviflorum 67.8 ton/ha.
  • Phayre's Langur in Satchari National Park, Bangladesh

    Phayre's Langur in Satchari National Park, Bangladesh

    10 Asian Primates Journal 9(1), 2021 STATUS OF PHAYRE’S LANGUR Trachypithecus phayrei IN SATCHARI NATIONAL PARK, BANGLADESH Hassan Al-Razi1 and Habibon Naher2* Department of Zoology, Jagannath University, 9-11 Chittaranjan Avenue, Dhaka-1100, Bangladesh.1Email: chayan1999@ yahoo.com, 2Email: [email protected]. *Corresponding author ABSTRACT We studied the population status of Phayre’s Langur in Satchari National Park, Bangladesh, and threats to this population, from January to December 2016. We recorded 23 individuals in three groups. Group size ranged from four to 12 (mean 7.7±4.0) individuals; all groups contained a single adult male, 1–4 females and 2–7 immature individuals (subadults, juveniles and infants). Habitat encroachment for expansion of lemon orchards by the Tipra ethnic community and habitat degradation due to logging and firewood collection are the main threats to the primates. Road mortality, electrocution and tourist activities were additional causes of stress and mortality. Participatory work and awareness programmes with the Tipra community or generation of alternative income sources may reduce the dependency of local people on forest resources. Strict implementation of the rules and regulations of the Bangladesh Wildlife (Security and Conservation) Act 2012 can limit habitat encroachment and illegal logging, which should help in the conservation of this species. Key Words: Group composition, habitat encroachment, Satchari National Park. INTRODUCTION Phayre’s Langur (Phayre’s Leaf Monkey, Spectacled (1986) recorded 15 Phayre’s Langur groups comprising Langur) Trachypithecus phayrei (Blyth) occurs in 205 individuals in the north-east and south-east of Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar (Bleisch et al., Bangladesh.
  • Cytotoxic Sesquiterpenoid from the Stembark of Aglaia Argentea

    Cytotoxic Sesquiterpenoid from the Stembark of Aglaia Argentea

    Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment_______________________________Vol. 22(Special Issue II) August (2018) Res. J. Chem. Environ. Cytotoxic Sesquiterpenoid from the Stembark of Aglaia argentea (Meliaceae) Harneti Desi1, Farabi Kindi1, Nurlelasari1, Maharani Rani1, Supratman Unang1* and Shiono Yoshihito2 1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadajaran, Jatinangor 45363, INDONESIA 2. Department of Food, Life and Environmental Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, JAPAN *[email protected] Abstract reducing fever and for treating contused wound, coughs and Aglaia argentea also known as langsat hutan in skin diaseases16-18. Previous phytochemical studies of A. Indonesia is a higher plant traditionally used for argentea have revealed the presence of compounds with moisturizing the lungs, reducing fever and treating cytotoxic activity including cycloartane-type triterpenoids against KB cells19 and 3,4-secoapotirucallane-type contused wound, coughs and skin diseases. The triterpenoids against KB cells20, but there are no reports of stembark of A. argentea was successively extracted sesquiterpenes of this species before. with methanol. The methanolic extract then partitioned by n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The n-hexane Herein we isolated, determined the chemical structure and extract was chromatographed over a vacuum-liquid tested at P388 murine leukemia cells of one sesquiterpenoid chromatographed (VLC) column packed with silica gel compound from n-hexane extract of A. argentea. 60 by gradient elution. Material and Methods The VLC fractions were repeatedly subjected to General: The IR spectra were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer normal-phase column chromatography and spectrum-100 FT-IR in KBr. Mass spectra were obtained with a Synapt G2 mass spectrometer instrument.
  • Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin By

    Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin By

    Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin By: Douglas Kinghorn, Esperanza J. Carcache De Blanco, David M. Lucas, H. Liva Rakotondraibe, Jimmy Orjala, D. Doel Soejarto, Nicholas H. Oberlies, Cedric J. Pearce, Mansukh C. Wani, Brent R. Stockwell, Joanna E. Burdette, Steven M. Swanson, James R. Fuchs, Mitchell A. Phelps, Lihui Xu, Xiaoli Zhang, and Young Yongchun Shen “Discovery of Anticancer Agents of Diverse Natural Origin.” Douglas Kinghorn, Esperanza J. Carcache De Blanco, David M. Lucas, H. Liva Rakotondraibe, Jimmy Orjala, D. Doel Soejarto, Nicholas H. Oberlies, Cedric J. Pearce, Mansukh C. Wani, Brent R. Stockwell, Joanna E. Burdette, Steven M. Swanson, James R. Fuchs, Mitchell A. Phelps, Lihui Xu, Xiaoli Zhang, and Young Yongchun Shen. Anticancer Research, 2016, 36 (11), 5623-5637. Made available courtesy of the International Institute of Anticancer Research: http://ar.iiarjournals.org/content/36/11/5623 ***© 2016 International Institute of Anticancer Research. Reprinted with permission. No further reproduction is authorized without written permission from International Institute of Anticancer Research. *** Abstract: Recent progress is described in an ongoing collaborative multidisciplinary research project directed towards the purification, structural characterization, chemical modification, and biological evaluation of new potential natural product anticancer agents obtained from a diverse group of organisms, comprising tropical plants, aquatic and terrestrial cyanobacteria, and filamentous fungi. Information is provided on how these organisms are collected and processed. The types of bioassays are indicated in which initial extracts, chromatographic fractions, and purified isolated compounds of these acquisitions are tested. Several promising biologically active lead compounds from each major organism class investigated are described, and these may be seen to be representative of a very wide chemical diversity.
  • Bioinsecticide Test of Crude Stem Bark Extracts of Some

    Bioinsecticide Test of Crude Stem Bark Extracts of Some

    G.J.B.A.H.S.,Vol.2(3):28-31 (July – September, 2013) ISSN: 2319 – 5584 BIOINSECTICIDE TEST OF CRUDE STEM BARK EXTRACTS OF SOME MELIACEOUS PLANTS AGAINST SPODOPTERA LITURA Tukiran Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya Jl. Ketintang, Surabaya, 60231, East Java, Indonesia. Abstract In the study of screening for bioinsecticides from plants, the activity of the stem bark extracts of some Meliaceous plants growth in Indonesia, namely Aglaia odorata Lour, Aglaia odoratissima Blume, Aglaia elaeagnoidea A.Juss, Sandoricum koetjape Merr. and Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lamk.) M.Roem was investigated. Solvent residues of these stem bark of plants were obtained from different solvent extracts (hexane, chloroform and methanolic extracts). All extracts dissolved in distilled water and added tween 80 (a few drops) as emulsifying agent were separately tested at various concentration (mg/L) continuously for 1, 2 and 3 days on the third instar larvae of the armyworm, Spodoptera litura. The results indicated the presence of bioinsecticide effect which was maximum of Sandoricum koetjape. This plant extracts (hexane and methanolic extracts) gave enough sensitive effects to the third instar larvae with LC50s of 104.24 and 170.23 mg/L, respectively after 3 days of application. Meanwhile, other plant extracts showed much less sensitive and relatively insensitive after 3 days of application because their LC50 values were more than 200 and 1500 mg/L, respectively. Keywords: Bioinsecticide, Lethal Concentration (LC50), Meliaceae, Spodoptera litura. 1. Introduction Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous insect pest (Holloway, 1989). It is an indigenous pest of a variety of crops in South Asia and was found to cause more than 26-100% yield loss in groundnut (Dhir et al., 1992 as stated by Muthusamy et al., 2011).