Annual Report of the of Congress

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2012

Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2012

Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2013 of Congress 101 Independence Avenue, SE Washington, DC 20540

For the online, visit www.loc.gov.

The annual report is published through the Office of Communications, Office of the Librarian, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-1610, telephone (202) 707-2905.

Executive Editor: Gayle Osterberg Managing Editor: Audrey Fischer

Art Director: John Sayers Photo Editor: Abby Brack Lewis Design and Composition: Blue House Design

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 6-6273 ISSN 0083-1565 Key title: Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress

For sale by the U.S. Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP Washington, DC 20402-9328 ISBN 978-0-8444-9565-1

Front Cover The exterior of the Building boasts banners for 2012 Library exhibitions. Photo courtesy of the Inside Front Cover and Inside Back Cover Selected titles from the Library’s exhibition, Books That Shaped America CONTENTS

A Letter from the Librarian of Congress...... 5 Appendices A. Library of Congress Advisory Bodies...... 62 Library of Congress Officers...... 6 B. Publications...... 68 C. Selected Acquisitions...... 70 Library of Congress Committees...... 7 D. Exhibitions...... 72 Facts at a Glance...... 10 E. Statistical Tables...... 75 1. Appropriations for 2012...... 75 Mission Statement ...... 11 2. Appropriations for 2013...... 75 3. Financial Statistics: Summary Statement... 76 Organization Chart...... 12 4. Additions to the Collections—Items...... 79 5. Additions to the Collections—Titles...... 81 Serving the Congress...... 15 6. Unprocessed Arrearages...... 81 7. Cataloging Workload...... 82 Appropriations...... 16 8. MARC Records...... 82 Other Congressional Testimony...... 16 9. Preservation Treatment...... 83 Copyright Issues ...... 17 10. Copyright Registrations...... 84 11. U.S. Copyright Office Collecting, Preserving and Business Summary...... 84 Providing Access to Knowledge...... 27 12. Services to Individuals Who Are Blind or Physically Handicapped...... 85 Collecting...... 27 13. Reader Services...... 86 Preserving...... 28 14. Cataloging Services: Providing Access to Knowledge...... 35 Financial Statistics...... 87 15. Human Resources...... 88 Promoting Creativity...... 43 Promoting Reading and Literacy...... 43 Sharing Ideas and Culture...... 48 Showcasing the Library’s Collections...... 49

Celebrating Achievement...... 57

Organizational Reports Congressional Research Service...... 18 Office of the Librarian...... 20 Copyright Royalty Judges...... 52 Office of Strategic Initiatives...... 39 ...... 19 Office of Support Operations...... 23 Library Services...... 29 U.S. Copyright Office...... 48 Office of the Inspector General...... 24

3 LETTER FROM THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS

4 I am pleased to present the Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress for Fiscal Year 2012.

n 1815, Congress purchased materials in 470 languages and nearly At the core is the book—arguably the Thomas Jefferson’s wide-ranging 120 million additional items in various greatest container of knowledge in his- I personal book collection—6,487 formats. More than 37.6 million digital tory. During the year, the Library of volumes—to restart the congressional files from the Library’s collections can Congress launched a multiyear Celebra- library, which had been burned by the be accessed free of charge on its award- tion of the Book to explore important British during the War of 1812. winning website at www.loc.gov. And, and varied ways that books influence with content provided by the Library and our lives. A Library display of Books that In 2012 the Library of Congress circulat- 161 partners in 75 countries, the World Shaped America sparked a national conver- ed nearly 30,000 volumes from its general website is making multi- sation about the way books by American and to congressional of- lingual and multimedia primary-source authors have influenced our nation. With fices, and Members of Congress accessed materials available in seven languages on support from David Rubenstein and Congressional Research Service (CRS) the Internet at no cost to global users. other generous donors, the 12th Annual information products more than 1 mil- drew a record lion times. In addition, CRS responded Through its numerous outreach pro- number of book lovers from across the to more than 700,000 congressional re- grams, the Library is continuing to serve country to the National Mall to celebrate quests for up-to-date, objective legislative a broad educational function—from reading and literacy. At fiscal year’s end, research and analysis. The Law Library inspiring young readers to providing plans were underway for the first-ever of Congress provided access to its un- research opportunities for the world’s International Summit of the Book to paralleled collection of 2.8 million legal scholars. Our Read.gov literacy-promo- be held in December at the Library of volumes, and the U.S. Copyright Office— tion site provides educational resources Congress—the world’s largest library. which registered more than 511,000 for children, families and teachers. The works for copyright last year—provided Library’s Teaching with Primary Sourc- All of the above activities, and many oth- Congress with legal analysis on copyright es initiative trains educators throughout ers that you will read about in the following policy issues that affect the U.S. economy. the country to inspire life-long learners report, were performed by 3,312 skilled by incorporating online resources into and dedicated staff members—6 percent From the nucleus of Jefferson’s collec- the K-12 curriculum. And the John W. fewer than the previous year. They remain tion, the Library of Congress has grown Kluge Center in the Library of Congress the Library’s greatest resource. to become an unparalleled world re- brings together scholars and researchers source. Today, its collection of more than from around the world to stimulate and Sincerely, 155 million items includes more than 35 energize one another in their quest for James H. Billington million cataloged books and other print knowledge in various disciplines. The Librarian of Congress

Opposite The Librarian’s ceremonial office is located in the Thomas Jefferson Building. Photo by Carol Highsmith / Librarian of Congress James H. Billington Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

5 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS OFFICERS

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Karen Lloyd, Strategic Planning Officer, Office of the Chief Financial Officer James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress Kenneth Lopez, Director, Office of Security and Robert Dizard Jr., Deputy Librarian of Congress Emergency Preparedness

James M. Gallagher, Acting Associate Librarian for Gayle Osterberg, Director, Office of Communications Strategic Initiatives Kathleen Ott, Director, Congressional Relations Office David Mao, Law Librarian of Congress Jeffrey Page, Chief Financial Officer Mary Mazanec, Director, Congressional Research Service Elizabeth Pugh, General Counsel Maria A. Pallante, Kirk Rascoe, Director, Office of Opportunity, Inclusiveness Roberta I. Shaffer, Associate Librarian for Library Services and Compliance

Lucy D. Suddreth, Chief, Support Operations Christopher Reed, Senior Adviser for Policy and Special Projects, U.S. Copyright Office

OPERATIONS COMMITTEE Elizabeth Scheffler, Director, Integrated Support Services Lucy D. Suddreth, Chair, Chief, Support Operations Donald Simon, Assistant Law Librarian for Operations James M. Duda, Deputy Chief, Support Operations and Planning

Alvert Banks, Director, Information Technology Services INSPECTOR GENERAL Dennis Hanratty, Director, Human Resources Services Karl W. Schornagel Edward Jablonski, Associate Director for Finance and Administration, Congressional Research Service, POET LAUREATE CONSULTANT IN POETRY and Acting Director, Office of Contracts and Grants Management Philip Levine (2011–2012)

Mary Klutts, Budget Officer, Office of the Natasha Trethewey (2012–2013) Chief Financial Officer

Sandra M. Lawson, Deputy Associate Librarian, Operations, Library Services

6 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COMMITTEES

Joint Committee on the Library, 112th Congress, Second Session

Senator Charles E. Schumer (), Chair

Representative Gregg Harper (), Vice Chair

Representative Daniel E. Lungren () Senator Richard J. Durbin ()

Representative Ander Crenshaw (Florida) Senator Patrick J. Leahy (Vermont)

Representative Robert A. Brady (Pennsylvania) Senator Lamar Alexander ()

Representative (California) Senator (Mississippi)

Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Committee on Appropriations, Senate, 112th Congress, Second Session

Senator E. Benjamin Nelson (Nebraska), Chair

Senator John Hoeven (North Dakota),

Senator Jon Tester (Montana) Senator Lindsey Graham ()

Senator Sherrod Brown ()

Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Committee on Appropriations, United States House of Representatives, 112th Congress, Second Session

Representative Ander Crenshaw (Florida), Chair

Representative Michael M. Honda (California), Ranking Member

Representative Steven C. LaTourette (Ohio) Representative David E. Price (N. Carolina)

Representative Jo Ann Emerson () Representative Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Georgia)

Representative Dennis Rehberg (Montana)

Representative Ken Calvert (California)

7 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COMMITTEES (continued)

Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, , 112th Congress, Second Session

Senator Charles E. Schumer (New York), Chair

Senator Lamar Alexander (Tennessee), Ranking Member

Senator Daniel K. Inouye (Hawaii) Senator Mitch McConnell (Kentucky)

Senator Dianne E. Feinstein (California) Senator Thad Cochran (Mississippi)

Senator Richard J. Durbin (Illinois) Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison (Texas)

Senator E. Benjamin Nelson (Nebraska) Senator Saxby Chambliss (Georgia)

Senator (Washington) Senator (Kansas)

Senator Mark L. Pryor (Arkansas) Senator (Alabama)

Senator Tom Udall (New Mexico) Senator (Missouri)

Senator ()

Senator Patrick J. Leahy (Vermont)

Committee on House Administration, United States House of Representatives, 112th Congress, Second Session

Representative Daniel E. Lungren (California), Chair

Representative Robert A. Brady (Pennsylvania), Ranking Member

Representative Gregg Harper (Mississippi) Representative Zoe Lofgren (California)

Representative Phil Gingrey (Georgia) Representative Charles A. Gonzalez (Texas)

Representative (Illinois)

Representative Richard Nugent (Florida)

Representative ()

8 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COMMITTEES (continued)

Library of Congress Trust Fund Board

Ex Officio House of Representatives Appointees James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress J. Richard Fredericks, , California

Senator Charles E. Schumer (New York), Chairman, Joint Barbara Guggenheim, New York, New York, and Los Committee on the Library Angeles, California

Representative Gregg Harper (Mississippi), Vice James V. Kimsey, McLean, Virginia Chairman, Joint Committee on the Library Presidential Appointee Richard L. Gregg, Fiscal Assistant Secretary of the Joan W. Harris, , Illinois Treasury (representing U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner)

Senate Appointees Kathleen L. Casey, Arlington, Virginia

Thomas Girardi, , California

Christopher G. Long, Wilmington, Delaware

Elaine Wynn, Las Vegas, Nevada

9 FACTS AT A GLANCE In fiscal year 2012, the Library of Congress …

■ Responded to more than 700,000 ■ Recorded a total of 155,357,302 ■ 6,589,199 pieces of sheet music congressional reference requests and items in the collections: delivered to Congress more than ■ 15,704,268 visual materials, as 1 million research products and 23,276,091 cataloged books in follows: approximately 30,000 volumes from the Library of Congress classifica- the Library’s collections tion system ■ 1,354,126 moving images ■ 13,640,325 photographs ■ Registered more than 511,539 claims 12,638,773 books in large type to copyright and raised characters, incunabula ■ 104,270 posters (books printed before 1501), mono- ■ Provided reference services to 540,489 graphs and serials, music, bound ■ 605,547 prints and drawings individuals in person, by telephone newspapers, pamphlets, technical and through written and electronic reports and other print material ■ Welcomed nearly 1.7 million onsite correspondence visitors and recorded more than 87 119,442,438 items in the nonclas- million visits and 545 million page ■ Circulated more than 25 million sified (special) collections, including: views on the Library’s website (at year’s copies of Braille and recorded books end, the Library’s online primary- and to more than 800,000 ■ 3,420,599 audio materials (discs, source files totaled37.6 million) blind and physically handicapped tapes, talking books and other re- reader accounts corded formats) ■ Employed 3,312 permanent staff members ■ Circulated nearly 1 million items for ■ 68,118,899 manuscripts use within the Library ■ Operated with a total fiscal 2012 ap- ■ 5,478,123 maps propriation of $629.2 million, in- ■ Preserved nearly 6 million items from cluding the authority to spend $41.9 the Library’s collections ■ 16,746,497 microforms million in receipts

from left More than 1 million visitors each year view the Great Hall of the Thomas Jefferson Building. Photo by Cecelia Rogers / The Library’s Packard Campus Laboratory preserves ’s film heritage. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis opposite The Thomas Jefferson Building is connected to the U.S. Capitol Visitor Center by an underground tunnel and above ground walkway. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

10 MISSION STATEMENT The Library’s mission is to support the Congress in fulfilling its constitutional duties and to further the progress of knowledge and creativity for the benefit of the American people.

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13 SERVING THE CONGRESS

14 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “[The Library’s] Congress.gov system heralds a new era in presenting congressional information online, with tools and infrastructure unimaginable 17 years ago.”

Senator Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) ChaIRMAN, JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE LIBRARY

n fiscal year 2012, the Library provided legislative support to Congress through the Congressional Research Service (CRS), the Law Library and the U.S. I Copyright Office. Collectively, the Library responded to more than 700,000 congressional reference requests and delivered more than 1 million research prod- ucts to congressional offices. The Library also circulated approximately 30,000 volumes from its general and special collections to congressional offices. Members of Congress accessed CRS products and services more than 1 million times.

The Library—bringing together its unique combination of technical expertise and knowledge of the congressional process—introduced several new information ser- vices. Working with other legislative branch data partners, the Library launched a app on Jan. 16, 2012, and on Sept. 19 debuted Congress.gov, a new public beta site for accessing legislative information. The Library also coor- dinated with the House Recording Studio to launch the House Committee Stream- ing Video Project to broadcast House Committee hearings. The first hearing was broadcast on Jan. 17, 2012.

As directed by Congress in statute, the Library continued to lead several ma- jor initiatives—each designed to preserve a facet of the nation’s heritage. These include the Veterans History Project (see page 34), the Civil Rights History Project (see page 32) and the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program (NDIIPP) for at-risk digital content of cultural and historical importance (see page 34).

The Library of Congress dome casts a shadow on the U.S. Capitol. Photo courtesy of the Architect of the Capitol

Serving THE CONGRESS 15 Librarian of Congress James H. Billington (left) and Deputy Librarian of Congress Robert Dizard Jr. (second from left) testify before the House Subcommittee on Legislative Branch Appropriations. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

legislative funding bill had not yet been passed, and the Library began operating under a six-month .

OTHER CONGRESSIONAL The CRS Outreach Advisory Com- cal 2012 appropriation for the Library TESTIMONY mittee began to draft a comprehensive of $629.2 million, including authority The Committee on House Adminis- outreach plan for the 113th Congress to spend up to $41.9 million in offset- tration, Subcommittee on Oversight, to ensure that both new and returning ting receipts. held a hearing on April 18, 2012, titled Members of Congress, as well as new “Ensuring Continuity and Efficien- committee chairs and ranking Mem- The Librarian of Congress testified in cy During Leadership Transitions.” bers, are aware of the full range of CRS support of the Library’s fiscal 2013 bud- Library service unit heads David Mao, products and services. get request before the House and Senate Law Librarian of Congress; Mary Ma- Appropriations Subcommittees for the zanec, director of the Congressional Through the Congressional Cartogra- Legislative Branch on Feb. 7 and Research Service; Maria A. Pallante, phy Program, the Geography and Map 1, 2012, respectively. Register of Copyrights; and Roberta I. Division worked on approximately 50 Shaffer, associate librarian for Library geospatial data projects for congressio- The fiscal 2013 request of $643.6 million Services, testified before subcommittee nal offices and committees. represented an increase of 2.3 percent members about the current and future over the 2012 budget. Mandatory pay- priorities for their organizations. The Library sought new ways to involve and price-level increases accounted for Members of Congress, their staff mem- 100 percent of the requested increase. On July 19, 2012, the Committee bers and their constituents in Library Library priorities reflected in the request on House Administration, Subcom- programs and activities. More than 150 included $1.72 million for the comple- mittee on Oversight, held a second Members provided books to their state tion of the transfer to Fort Meade, Md., oversight hearing, focused on the or district through the Library’s Surplus of special collections materials, and tem- Library’s procurement operations. Books program. porary transfer to Landover, Md., of The hearing, “Library of Congress: materials targeted for later housing at 2012 Inspector General Report on APPROPRIATIONS Fort Meade; and authority to reprogram Library-Wide Acquisitions,” con- The Library operated under five continu- $6 million in no-year funds to purchase cerned the Library’s contracting of- ing resolutions from Oct. 1, 2011, until content media cartridges for the Digital fice and its administration. Appearing Dec. 23, 2011. Talking Book program. The Library’s re- before the subcommittee were Deputy quest for $5 million in funding for Phase Librarian of Congress Robert Dizard On Dec. 23, 2011, the president signed I of Module 5 at Ft. Meade was included Jr.; Lucy D. Suddreth, chief of the the Consolidated Appropriations Act, in the Architect of the Capitol’s budget Office of Support Operations; and 2012 (P.L. 112-74), which provided a fis- request. At year’s end, the fiscal 2013 Inspector General Karl Schornagel.

16 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “Since the launch of THOMAS in 1995, Congress has relied on the Library to make the work of Congress available to the public in a coherent, comprehensive way.” Rep. Gregg Harper (R-Miss.)

COPYRIGHT ISSUES stakeholders and held a two-day public affect groups or individuals who create, The U.S. Copyright Office serves as the roundtable. In its final report, the of- license, sell, exhibit, disseminate and pre- principal adviser to Congress on national fice advised Congress to bring pre-1972 serve works of visual art. An artist resale and international issues relating to copy- sound recordings under federal copy- royalty would allow artists to benefit from right and provides leadership and impar- right protection, subject to appropriate increases in the value of their works over tial expertise on questions of copyright limitations and safeguards, to encourage time by granting them a percentage of the law and policy. preservation and access activities. proceeds from the resale of their original works. The office is seeking public com- On Nov. 16, 2011, Register of Copy- The office initiated a study in 2011 to ments and will issue a report to Congress. rights Maria A. Pallante testified before explore ways to resolve copyright infringe- the House Judiciary Committee on the ment claims of relatively small value with- The Copyright Office published a dis- Stop Online Piracy Act. The bill intro- out the burden and expense of traditional cussion document in October 2011 duced new copyright enforcement mech- federal litigation. Congress directed the concerning legal issues in the context of anisms to address the increased levels of office to conduct the study because the mass book digitization, including proj- infringement made possible by the global high cost of federal court action prohibits ects that involve scanning large quanti- reach of the Internet. Pallante noted that copyright owners with limited resources ties of copyrighted works and in partial the key question for Congress is to deter- from pursuing infringement claims likely response to the March 2011 rejection by a mine what kind of tools it should provide to involve small monetary awards. The federal court of a class-action settlement to respond to 21st century infringers to office has solicited stakeholder input and in the highly publicized Google book- ensure that the exclusive rights of copy- received public comments. It will issue a scanning case, Authors Guild v. Google Inc. right owners are adequately protected in report in October 2013. The document explores licensing models the digital age. She also testified as to the that have been proposed to clear rights in importance of ensuring due process pro- Also at the request of Congress, the Copy- projects scanning copyrighted works and tections of alleged infringers. right Office is studying how copyright law considers what aspects of digitization are affects visual artists and how a federal or should be covered by fair use or library The Copyright Office advised Con- resale royalty right for visual artists might exceptions under copyright law. gress in December 2011 to bring pre- 1972 sound recordings under federal copyright protection. Although sound recordings were given federal copy- right protection in 1972, recordings made before Feb. 15, 1972, remain protected under state law rather than under the federal copyright statute. The office conducted a study at the direc- tion of Congress in which it consulted

Register of Copyrights Maria Pallante testifies before a congressional subcommittee about intellectual property rights and the Internet. Photo by Cecelia Rogers

Serving THE CONGRESS 17 CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

The Congressional Research Service (CRS) serves Congress by providing comprehen- sive and reliable legislative research and analysis that is timely, objective, authorita- tive and confidential throughout all stages of the legislative process. Congress ac- cessed CRS products and services more than 1 million times in fiscal 2012.

CRS staff members worked collabora- tively to deliver to Congress analyses of the key public policy issues on the legis- lative agenda. CRS supported Congress as it considered increasingly complex legislative domestic issues, such as the federal budget, financial regulation, health CONGRESS.GOV reform, , reauthorization of the expiring 2008 Farm Bill, reauthorization of On Sept. 19, 2012, the Library of Congress, in collaboration with the U.S. Senate, the Secondary and Higher Education Act, the House of Representatives and the Government Printing Office, unveiled hydraulic natural-gas fracturing, drought, Congress.gov, a new public beta site for accessing free, fact-based legislative low-income housing assistance, surface information. The site will eventually replace the public THOMAS system. The and air transportation, congressional over- system has been updated over the years, but its foundation can no longer sight and ethics. In the area of foreign af- support the capabilities today’s Internet users have come to expect, including fairs, CRS supported congressional review access via mobile devices. of U.S. relations with Asia, transitions in the Middle East, drug trafficking in Mexico and Using best practices for retrieving and displaying information, the refined, emerging threats to national security. user-friendly Congress.gov system also will make finding and using legislative information more intuitive, comprehensive and accessible than the existing On Dec. 5, 2011, Mary Mazanec was ap- system. Congress.gov includes bill status and summary, bill text and Member pointed CRS director, having served as profiles and new features such as effective display on mobile devices; ability acting director since April 2011. In July to narrow and refine search results; ability to simultaneously search all content 2012, she announced the appointment of across all available years, with some files dating from the 93rd Congress; Colleen Shogan as deputy director. Signifi- easier identification of current bill status; and Members’ legislative history and cant progress was made during the year in biographical profiles. Many existing features have been maintained, such as implementing a number of management links to video of the House and Senate floor, “most viewed” bills and the save/ initiatives, including product-line improve- share feature. ments, creation of enhanced website ser- vices and advancement of new efficiencies Other data, such as the Congressional Record, committee reports, nominations, in technological infrastructure. treaties and communications, will be incorporated over time in a planned, CRS launched a pilot account in prioritized order. The Library anticipates Congress.gov will operate as a beta November to communicate with Con- site for approximately one year as this work is completed. During that time, both gress about the availability of its products THOMAS and the Legislative Information Service it will also replace will continue and services, promote CRS seminars to operate as usual. and events and notify congressional cli- ents about operations and new web de- WEB beta.congress.gov velopments. CRS created two new tools to determine frequency of congressional

18 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress access to products on the CRS website reference center first established by CRS in legislative attorneys had been posted on 72 and to track web distribution data for se- 1973, enables CRS staff members to meet topics of current interest to Congress. Other lected CRS reports, broken out by month with Senate clients, provide tailored in-per- new website features include a revamped and by congressional chamber. Both son briefings, present seminars on public listing of “Issues in Focus,” with introduc- tools allow CRS to identify key areas of policy issues and implement demonstra- tory statements and embedded hyperlinks congressional interest. tions and briefings on research tools. to each topic area within the issue; a Black- In April, the CRS Senate Center opened in In June, CRS implemented the Legal Side- Berry mobile device application that gives the Russell Senate Office Building to bring bar feature on its website, which provides the user easy access to recent CRS reports its programs and consultation services Congress with analysis of current legal is- and the ability to search on the BlackBerry; closer to the congressional audience. The sues relevant to the congressional agenda. and the ability to place a request and regis- newly renovated center, which replaces the At year’s end, 216 original works by CRS ter for an event from a BlackBerry.

LAW LIBRARY

The Law Library provides Congress with In addition to serving Congress, the Law 28 nations and regional and international comprehensive research on foreign and Library provided 1,298 research reports organizations. As a consortium, the mem- comparative law, and reference services or reference services to executive- and bers of the network share responsibility for on U.S. legal and legislative information. judicial-branch agencies, the U.S. bar, and its management. In fiscal 2012, prepara- It maintains extensive and unparalleled col- members of the public both in the United tions were made for the transfer of GLIN lections in U.S., foreign and international States and abroad. Central functions from the Library of Con- law. The Law Library also serves U.S. fed- gress to a successor institution. The Law Library continued to expand its eral courts and executive branch agencies, use of social networking. Twitter followers Work continued on the development of and offers reference services to the public. increased to 29,076, and a second Twit- Law.gov, a website that will serve as a David Mao, who served as Deputy Law ter account, focused on THOMAS, num- repository for global legal and legislative Librarian since June 2010, was appoint- bered 12,630 followers. The Law Library information. It will use emerging technol- ed Law Librarian of Congress, effective had 9,473 Facebook friends and contin- ogies for searching and retrieving content Jan. 3, 2012. ued to offer RSS feeds and e-mail alerts contained in various information sources. in order to notify subscribers about the The Law Library collaborated with other In fiscal 2012, the Law Library staff pre- availability of selected resources. The Law Library of Congress units to create a pared 305 legal research reports, ’s blog, “In Custodia Legis,” record- workflow for digital materials, including studies and memoranda in response to ed 184,161 page views in 2012. their preservation. congressional inquiries. Foreign law spe- cialists provided Members of Congress The Global Legal Monitor, a continually THOMAS, the public legislative informa- with reports related to many pressing U.S. updated online publication covering le- tion system, received more than 11.5 mil- legislative issues, including international gal news and developments worldwide, lion visits during the year. The Law Library trade and tariffs, immigration reform, wel- reached an e-mail readership of nearly implemented numerous improvements to fare reform, environmental protection, nu- 16,000. The Guide to Law Online, an an- THOMAS, making it significantly easier clear power and alternative military service. notated portal of Internet sources of inter- to find and access legislative information. est to legal researchers, had 534,124 page The system, which was launched The Law Library served approximately views. Both resources are accessible on in 1995, will be replaced by Congress.gov 4,210 congressional users and 39,646 the Law Library’s website. following full content migration. other patrons in its reading room, on the phone or electronically. Its Public Services At year’s end, the Global Legal Information WEB www.loc.gov/law/ staff answered a total of 3,613 inquiries Network (GLIN) database contained nearly WEB blogs.loc.gov/law/ through Ask A Librarian, the Library’s virtual 210,000 laws, judicial decisions and related reference service. legal materials contributed by a network of WEB beta.congress.gov

Serving THE CONGRESS 19 OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN

The Office of the Librarian leads the man- agement of the Library, including strategic Rep. Robert Aderholt (R-Ala.) views rare books on display at a Library of Congress Caucus event planning, financial services, legal services, hosted by the Rare Book and Special Collections Division. Photo by Brian Williams communications and congressional rela- tions. In fiscal 2012, it also planned and carried out scores of public and private CONGRESS COMES TO THE LIBRARY events, raised significant private funds to Members of Congress visited the Library nearly 500 times in 2012. With support support special programs, and made ex- from the Congressional Relations Office, the Visitor Services Office and the tensive outreach to the media, the public Office of Special Events and Public Programs, the Library hosted more than and the Library’s staff. 85 congressional events and arranged 94 tours for Members of Congress, their The Office of the Librarian consists of the families and staff. Special tours of the Library were arranged for more than offices of Congressional Relations, Devel- 84,000 constituents referred by 466 congressional offices. opment, Communications, Special Events and Public Programs, the Chief Financial Members of Congress attended meetings, events and gatherings at the Library Officer and the General Counsel. The Of- during the year, including exhibition openings, visits of foreign dignitaries, fice of the Librarian also has oversight for lectures, symposia, special presentations such as the for strategic planning and for guiding such ini- Popular Song and the inaugural reading by Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry tiatives as the World Digital Library website. Natasha Trethewey. In July 2012, several Members of Congress and more than Robert Dizard Jr., who served as the 75 members attended a special display of ’s Chief of Staff since June 2010, campaign posters and memorabilia from the Library’s collections. Curators from was appointed Deputy Librarian of Con- many Library divisions were on hand to answer questions about the rare and gress on June 17. Gayle Osterberg was unique items on display. appointed director of the Office of Com- munications on Jan. 30. Chaired jointly by Reps. Robert Aderholt (R-Ala.) and Earl Blumenauer (D-Ore.), the Library of Congress Caucus was comprised of 71 members at fiscal year’s end. The Library continued updating and imple- Caucus members were given several special behind-the-scenes tours of the Library menting the current Strategic Plan (2011- and its collections. On Oct. 25, 2011, they visited the Library’s Rare Book and Special 2016) and the related Planning and Bud- Collections Division, where they viewed medieval illuminated Bibles, Galileo’s 1610 geting Framework. The Deputy Librarian astronomy book, Woodrow Wilson’s Nobel Peace Prize and ’s facilitated regular performance meetings to personal scrapbook on the Lincoln-Douglas debates. On March 27, 2012, they visited track and measure progress, establishing the Geography and Map Division and viewed a facsimile of the 1507 map of the New clear lines of accountability for achieving World by Martin Waldseemüller, original Lewis and Clark expedition maps and an results called for in the Strategic Plan. 1863 map of the Battle of Gettysburg. On Aug. 1, curators from the Motion Picture, During fiscal 2012, the Library’s fund- Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division displayed the earliest surviving “motion raising activities brought in a total of $9.98 picture”—an 1894 kinetoscopic record by Thomas Edison of a sneeze—and played million, representing 796 gifts from 573 do- 78 rpm Ella Fitzgerald and Duke Ellington recordings for the group. nors. Those gifts, including $3.35 million in cash gifts, $5.23 million in new pledges, Joint Committee on the Library Vice Chair Gregg Harper (R-Miss.) came to the $425,000 in in-kind gifts and $966,000 re- Library early on the morning of Sept. 14, 2012, to congratulate Librarian of ceived through planned gifts were made to Congress James H. Billington on the 25th anniversary of his swearing in. The support 75 Library initiatives. The Library Librarian also received congratulations, letters and mentions on the House and forged partnerships with 222 first-time Senate floor by several Members of Congress. The following week, Rep. Harper donors. New donors gave $1.29 million, and House Administration Chair Daniel E. Lungren (R-Calif.) participated in a representing 13 percent of the gifts re- press conference at the Library to launch the Congress.gov beta site. ceived this year. Private gifts supported

20 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “Each visitor [to the Library of Congress], whether physical or virtual, researcher or tourist, will inevitably take something away.”

Steve Marsh, “The World’s Keepers,” Delta Sky

a variety of new and continuing initiatives Madisonian Awards given to Library staff other donors gave more than $1.3 million throughout the Library, including exhibi- members in recognition of distinguished to support the 2012 National Book Festival. tions, acquisitions and scholarly programs. service. The Council funded the Library’s Madison Council member and co-chair of acquisition of a 40-volume set of Rudolph Gifts from the Council—the the National Book Festival Board David Ackermann’s Repository of the Arts (1809- Library’s private-sector advisory group— M. Rubenstein donated $1 million to the 1829); a letter written by Mary Todd Lincoln totaled more than $5.49 million in fiscal National Book Festival as part of his $5 mil- in 1862; and the first Russian celestial atlas 2012. Gifts from the Council supported lion pledge, in 2010, to support the festival from 1829. the World Digital Library, the Junior for five years. Fellows Program, an exhibition featuring Target Corp., Wells Fargo, AT&T, the Insti- the Library’s Armenian collections and the tute of Museum and Library Services and WEB www.loc.gov/about/mission.html

INTRODUCING LCM

On Sept. 17, the Library launched the Library of Congress Magazine (LCM), a new bimonthly, general-interest magazine. Under develop- ment for more than a year, LCM replaces the Library of Congress­ Information Bulletin (LCIB), which published its final issue in 2011.

In January 1942, the LCIB began as a mimeographed sheet of internal news and infor­mation about staff involvement in the war effort during World War II. Over its 70-year history, it grew into a comprehensive publication­ of news and information to be communicated by the Library to the outside world. With input from Library staff, reader surveys and focus groups, the Library’s magazine has undergone yet another transformation into a vibrant color magazine for contemporary audi­ences.

The new design reflects the look and tone of contemporary magazines; the writing is lively and photos are used for strong, visual story­telling; and the content has shifted to in-depth feature stories and short, informative departments. Each issue of the LCM is available online as a pdf. Online and downloadable app versions are under consideration for future launch to facilitate broad distribution at low cost.

“Because it showcases the Library’s collections, expert staff and programs, the LCM is an important tool for promoting use of our many resources by Congress and the public both onsite and online,” said Gayle Osterberg, the Library’s Director of Communications.

WEB www.loc.gov/lcm The new Library of Congress Magazine (LCM) debuted in fall 2012.

Serving THE CONGRESS 21 THE LIBRARY AND THE MEDIA

Throughout the year, the Library of Congress was featured also wrote two in-depth articles about Gershwin Prize on no fewer than 10 section covers of major newspapers. recipients Burt Bacharach and Hal David. and carried front-page stories in their Arts and Style sections about PBS NewsHour, CNN and The Washington Post produced John W. Kluge Prize recipient Fernando Henrique Cardoso features on the Library’s special display of collection items and Natasha Trethewey’s appointment as Poet Laureate examining the history of U.S. presidential campaigns. Consultant in Poetry. The Washington Post ran a front-page The AP wrote an article about the 100th anniversary of story in its Style section about the Library’s acquisition of the first copyrighted U.S. film, which also highlighted the the papers and its Frances Benjamin Johnson Library’s Packard Campus for Audio Visual Conservation. collection of photographs, which was the subject of a new NBC produced several stories highlighting the National Library publication, Gardens for a Beautiful America, 1895– Recording Registry and the Library’s sound-preservation 1935. The Geography and Map Division’s conference on two efforts, which included an interview with Librarian of centuries of mapping the nation’s capital received front-page Congress James H. Billington. The Librarian was featured coverage in the Metro section of The Washington Post, which or quoted in countless stories during the year. In its 40th anniversary issue, Washingtonian magazine selected the Librarian as a Washingtonian of the Year for “opening literary treasures to all.”

The Library’s Books That Shaped America exhibition opened in June and remained popular with visitors and the media throughout the summer. CBS Evening News, C-SPAN, ABC Radio, CNN, National Public Radio, AP, USA Today and The New York Times were some of the major outlets that covered the display.

The Library’s multi-faceted media campaign for the 2012 National Book Festival resulted in nearly 400 media placements, totaling nearly 667 million impressions. Twitter captured most of the festival buzz, accounting for 84 percent of the online volume. The Library’s Facebook page received 850 posts.

The Library’s Office of Communications facilitated nearly 100 national and international radio, television, video productions and photography shoots featuring the Library for various news and production projects. Productions featuring high-profile visitors were NBC’s Who Do You Think You Are? with Rob Lowe, and LeVar Burton’s .

The launch of Congress.gov, the public legislative information beta site, was covered by The New York Times, AP, UPI, The Washington Post, , , , Bloomberg and Business Week. The Communications Office produced a 90-second video to promote Congress.gov, narrated by veteran journalist ; the video had nearly 1,000 views on the Library’s YouTube channel in the first three weeks.

22 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress OFFICE OF SUPPORT the Library’s offsite facilities. The Library compliance through a broad range of OPERATIONS implemented additional security mea- specialized services and programs in the sures in order to strengthen access con- areas of facilities, health, safety, printing, trols for special-format collections areas. office systems, records management During fiscal 2012, the Office of Support A major initiative strengthened security and logistics support. The directorate Operations provided oversight and direc- through a 100-percent ID badge re-issu- initiated 130 contracts and 14 interagen- tion to five diverse offices that provide ance for staff and contractors. cy agreements related to the manage- essential support to the Library’s mission ment of major institutional programs and During the year, the Library established and programs: the Office of Security and contracts supporting the Library’s day- the Human Capital Planning Board, Emergency Preparedness; Human Re- to-day operations. which will implement a five-year plan sources Services; the Office of Opportu- for key human-capital challenges, in- In addition, in fiscal 2012 the Office nity, Inclusiveness and Compliance; Inte- cluding succession management, work- of Contracts and Grants Management grated Support Services; and the Office force planning, leadership, managing for awarded more than 2,400 contracts val- of Contracts and Grants Management. results, recruitment and retention, and ued at $196 million to support Library The Office of Security and Emergency diversity and inclusion. Human Re- programs, initiatives, technology infra- Preparedness continued to work to im- sources Services managed a successful structure, facility projects and collection prove security at the Library’s incentive-payment program, which en- management. buildings and outlying facilities, imple- abled 186 staff members to retire or sep- The Library shares its expertise and menting additional physical security con- arate in fiscal 2012, and thus reduced consolidates the buying power of fed- trols to protect the collections, enhancing Library personnel expenditures. The eral agencies through FEDLINK. Approxi- the emergency preparedness program, Office of Opportunity, Inclusiveness and mately 500 federal offices transferred and strengthening the Library’s person- Compliance implemented the Library’s funds to FEDLINK and contracted for nel security programs. Work continued Multi-Year Affirmative Action Plan. goods and services valued at $87 million to improve upon emergency readiness The Integrated Support Services direc- during the fiscal year. Federal customers by conducting preparedness briefings, torate and its various divisions support also placed $62 million in direct express training classes and no-notice evacua- the Library’s physical infrastructure, op- orders against the FEDLINK contracts, tion drills. This included re-emphasizing erational requirements and regulatory bringing the total to $149 million. the proper response procedures for the safe egress of persons with mobil- ity impairments. The Library’s Employee Emergency Action Guide, an all-hazards emergency manual for staff, was updated to reflect enhanced procedures for - quakes and other emergency situations. The Library continued to improve its electronic and physical security controls that protect collections and assets in all Library buildings on Capitol Hill and at

The Library’s Emergency Management Program Officer Michael Salmons (at podium) and representatives of the Health Services Office and the U.S. Capitol Police discuss new emergency-response procedures at a Library Town Hall meeting. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

Serving THE CONGRESS 23 OFFICE OF THE latter a separate legislative-branch agency INSPECTOR GENERAL housed at the Library of Congress. The OIG investigated misuse of networks, property and time; external hacking of The Office of the Inspector General Copyright Office computers; a contract (OIG), an independent office within award complaint; government travel-card the Library of Congress, advises the use; financial fraud; and conflict of- inter Librarian and the Congress on economy, est and other misconduct. The OIG also efficiency and effectiveness of Library assisted the Internal Revenue Service in programs and operations. The OIG con- apprehending a suspect who had used ducts audits and investigations that fo- Library reading room computers to commit cus on detecting and preventing fraud, financial crimes, assisted the U.S. Capitol waste, abuse and mismanagement. Police with a criminal complaint of a false In fiscal year 2012, the OIG issued 10 fire alarm and recovered 91 books that audit, survey and review reports that were fraudulently obtained through the Library’s Surplus Books Program. addressed important aspects of pro- To comply with its statutory reporting grams and operations. These included requirements, the Library’s Office of the During the year, the OIG opened 63 operations and staffing in the Office of Inspector General issues semiannual reports investigations and closed 78 investigations. Contracts, oversight of the information to Congress. Of the four cases referred to the Office of technology (IT) help desk contract, an the U.S. Attorney General, one was ac- IT security assessment of the Library’s cepted for criminal prosecution. The OIG computer systems and networks, misuse Under contract with the OIG, the account- referred seven cases to Library manage- of reading room workstations, the Librar- ing firm of CliftonLarsonAllen, LLP, audit- ment for administrative action. ian’s documents and correspondence ed the Library’s fiscal 2011 consolidated To comply with statutory reporting require- software application, fire suppression financial statements. For the 16th con- ments, the OIG issued semiannual reports systems in collections storage areas, secutive year, the Library received an to the Congress summarizing its activities collection security and management in the unqualified (clean) audit opinion. Under for the periods ending March 31, 2012, and Asian Division, procurement and dispos- OIG supervision, CliftonLarsonAllen also Sept. 30, 2012. These reports, audit reports, al of IT workstations and a follow-up on audited and issued an unqualified audit OIG testimony and the OIG’s Strategic Plan its 2009 report on IT Strategic Planning. opinion on the fiscal 2011 financial state- are available on the OIG website. A review determined that the Library im- ments of the James Madison Council Fund plemented 85 OIG recommendations. and the Open World Leadership Center, the WEB www.loc.gov/about/oig/

24 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT Rep. Earl Blumenauer (D-Ore.) views collection items on display in the Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division. Photo by Brian Williams / Rep. Gregg Harper (R-Miss.), at podium, Librarian of Congress James H. Billington, center, and Rep. (R-Calif.) introduce the Congress.gov beta website to the public. Photo by Cecelia Rogers / Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D-Fla.), left, speaks at a Women’s History Month forum presented by the Global Women’s Innovation Network in the Members Room. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis / Rep. Rush Holt (D-N.J.) (left) points out a farm owned by his wife’s family on an 1879 Oregon map to Rep. Leonard Lance (R-N.J.) during their visit to the Geography and Map Reading Room. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

Serving THE CONGRESS 25 COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE

26 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “The outcome of our efforts to preserve our nation’s heritage will be the opportunity to share our col­lective creative memory with the world.” Librarian of Congress James H. Billington

COLLECTING In 2012, the Library’s collections grew to nearly 155.4 million items in vari- ous formats. The Library acquired more than 3.5 million items during the year through purchase, gift, exchange or transfer from other government agencies. (See Appendix C, Selected Acquisitions.)

The U.S. Copyright Office forwarded more than 636,000 copies of works with a net value of $30.5 million to the Library’s collections in 2012; more than 325,000 copies were received from publishers under the mandatory-deposit provisions of the law. The Library also obtained approximately 1,000 electronic serial issues through the eDeposit program that provides for the receipt of electronic serials demanded under copyright law.

The Library’s six overseas offices (in Rio de Janeiro, Cairo, New Delhi, Jakarta, Nairobi and Islamabad) acquired, cataloged and preserved materials from parts of the world where the book and information industries are not well-developed. Those offices brought in and distributed 259,840 items to the Library of Con- gress and, on a cost-recovery basis, provided 374,498 items to other U.S. .

Overseas offices were instrumental in obtaining significant non-commer- cial scholarly publications in fiscal 2012. The Rio de Janeiro Office acquired materials at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development held

Karel Richardson, a materials handler in the Preservation Division, deacidifies items from the Library’s collections. Photo by Cecelia Rogers

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 27 in Rio in 2012, collecting more than 2,700 items on topics specified by the Congressional Research Service. The New Delhi Office acquired 13,621 pieces from India, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh through exchange or gift. Cairo Office staff acquired 9,585 items for the Library through gift or exchange. Digital technology permit- the Library’s office in Jakarta to ar- Astronomer Carl Sagan stands with models of the planets. Photo by Eduardo Castaneda chive regional election data such as the 2012 Burma/Myanmar parliamentary elections. Carl Sagan: Citizen Scientist In fiscal 2012, the Library continued The Library of Congress acquired the personal papers of American astronomer, the West Africa Acquisitions Pilot Proj- astrobiologist and science communicator Carl Sagan (1934–1996) through the ect, a collaboration that began in 2011 generosity of writer, producer and director Seth MacFarlane (, Ted). with the Council of American Over- MacFarlane made it possible for the Library to acquire the collection from Ann seas Research Centers to select, pur- Druyan, Sagan’s widow and collaborator. chase and provide bibliographic ser- vices for materials from West African “Carl was the exemplar of the citizen scientist,” said Druyan. “For him, the countries. In its second year of opera- values of democracy and science were intertwined. Thanks to Seth, Carl’s tion, the project yielded 3,025 titles for prodigious life’s work will endure to awaken future generations to the wonders cataloging. of the scientific perspective.” In April 2012, the Library appointed “The work of Carl Sagan has been a profound influence in my life, and the a officer who life of every individual who recognizes the importance of humanity’s ongoing reports to the Associate Librarian for commitment to the exploration of our universe,” said MacFarlane. Library Services. The collection devel- opment officer directly supports the Li- The collection is composed of approximately 800 boxes of materials that document brary’s goal to acquire and maintain a Sagan’s life and work and includes his extensive correspondence with scientific universal collection of knowledge and colleagues and other important figures of the 20th century. It also includes book a mint record of America’s creativity drafts, publications files, “idea files” on various subjects, records of various to meet the needs of Congress, schol- symposia, NASA files and academic files covering the years he taught at Cornell ars and the American public. A major University. Among the personal files are his birth announcement, childhood drawings, task of the officer is ensuring that the handwritten notebooks of his earliest thoughts and grammar-school report cards. In Library’s analog and digital collections addition to manuscript materials, the collection includes photographs, audiotapes reflect the breadth and depth of knowl- and videocassettes. The collection documents his collaboration with Druyan on edge published in all media, languages the motion picture Contact, based on his book of the same title, and their work on and regions of the world. A special em- the 13-part Cosmos television series. It is estimated that more than a billion people phasis is placed on digital-content for- around the world have viewed this popular PBS show since it first aired in 1980. mats, platforms and delivery channels that continue to evolve at a rapid pace. To examine Sagan’s legacy as a role model for future American scientists, the Library of Congress will a “Summit on Science Education” in late 2013. The PRESERVING event, which will bring together scientists, educators, policymakers and students, Preserving its unparalleled collec- will underscore Sagan’s conviction that it is critical to understand and appreciate tions—from cuneiform tablets to the centrality of science in the everyday lives of Americans and to create a renewed born-digital items—is one of the national consciousness about preparing the next generation of scientists. Library’s major activities in support of

28 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “I can think of no more fitting home for Carl Sagan’s papers than the nation’s library.” , Carl Sagan’s widow and collaborator its vision to further human understand- and Records Administration’s records LIBRARY SERVICES ing and wisdom. depository center in Valmeyer, Ill. Plans were also under way to explore During the year, nearly 6 million items an interim measure—fixed-location The mission of Library Services is to from the Library’s collections were shelving for portions of the general develop, maintain and make available the bound, repaired, mass-deacidified, collection. A Fixed Location Working Library’s universal collections, which docu- microfilmed or otherwise reformat- Group was established to implement ment the history and creativity of the Amer- ted. The Preservation Directorate sur- this strategy. ican people and which record and contrib- veyed the preservation needs of nearly ute to the advancement of civilization and 585,000 items from the Library’s gen- Book Digitization. The Library contin- knowledge throughout the world. Library eral and special collections, including ued to sustain the book-digitization Services performs the traditional functions books, photographs, maps, audiovi- program that was initially created in of a national library: acquisitions, catalog- sual materials and other formats. Of 2008 with a grant of $2 million from ing, preservation and reference services for these, more than 100,000 items were the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation to both digital and traditional collections. housed in protective containers. address at-risk “brittle books” in the Through its partnerships and outreach Library’s public-domain general programs, its Visitor Services Office and WEB www.loc.gov/preserv/ collection. The program’s scanning its centers—such as the John W. Kluge facilities are shared by the Library with Center, the Center for the Book, the Ameri- Books other federal libraries through a FED- can Folklife Center and the Poetry and Lit- Offsite and Onsite Storage. During the LINK master contract. The scanned year, the Library transferred 130,082 materials are accessible for read- erature Center—Library Services reaches items to its climate-controlled offsite ing online or for downloading on the out to visitors, veterans, people with dis- storage facility at Fort Meade, Md., Internet ’s website. At the end of abilities, the scholarly community, literacy- bringing the total to more than 4 fiscal 2012, a total of 122,000 volumes promotion groups, folklorists, poets, fed- million collection items stored at the comprising 25 million images had been eral and the library community. facility. Fiscal 2012 additions to the scanned since the project’s inception. The more than 45 offices that make up facility included 70,614 books and Library Services are organized within five 59,468 containers of special-format During the year, the Library joined directorates: Acquisitions and Bibliograph- materials, such as 1,800 cases of other partners of ic Access, Collections and Services, Part- maps and 3,733 containers of rare the HathiTrust, a digital repository nerships and Outreach Programs, Preser- folio volumes. With storage space for the books scanned by Ameri- vation, and Technology Policy. The Packard at Fort Meade Modules 1 and 2 at can libraries. The Library submitted Campus for Audio Visual Conservation and capacity, compatible shelving was more than 89,000 digitized volumes the American Folklife Center (including the erected at the Landover Center Annex to this shared, online collection. All Veterans History Project) also report to to accommodate 750,000-800,000 of these works are pre-1923 Ameri- Library Services. volumes from the General and Area can imprints, thus in the public do- Major milestones of Library Services Studies collections. The pallet rack- main and freely available on the reached in 2012—discussed elsewhere ing storage aid system in Bay 2 was Internet. The Library has participated in this report—included the appointment redesigned to increase the overall ca- in the establishment of governance of a collections development officer; de- pacity. To address overcrowding in the and planning for the Trust as it has velopment of collections storage strate- bookstacks of the Thomas Jefferson grown in size and significance in the gies; plans for implementation of the new and John Adams Buildings on Capitol research community. At year’s end, cataloging standard, Resource Description Hill, plans were made to expand the more than 10 million digital volumes and Access (RDA); and the scanning of the Library’s use of the National comprised the HathiTrust. 5 millionth newspaper (see page 32).

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 29 Audiovisual Collections Packard Campus for Audio Visual Conservation. The state-of-the-art Packard Campus for from left , Mick Jagger and Natalie Cole are among the Audio Visual Conservation in Culpeper, music-industry greats interviewed by record-company executive Joe Smith. Va., houses the Library’s sound, film and video collections—the world’s largest and RECORDING THE RECORDERS most comprehensive. In fiscal 2012, the Packard Campus Film Laboratory pro- More than 25 years ago, retired music executive Joe Smith accomplished a cessed 1,718 original reels of nitrate film. Herculean feat—he got more than 200 celebrated singers, musicians and Of these, 963 reels were digitized and 755 industry icons to talk about their lives, music, experiences and contemporaries. received photochemical processing. Each In June 2012, Smith donated this treasure trove of unedited sound recordings reel of original nitrate film was inspected, to the nation’s library. The Joe Smith Collection will be housed in the Library’s cleaned and hand-repaired prior to trans- Packard Campus for Audio Visual Conservation in Culpeper, Va. fer to safety-preservation copies. More than 10,600 recorded sound and 23,000 Smith’s career in music started in the 1950s at the dawn of the rock ‘n’ roll video collection items were digitally pre- era. Following his graduation from Yale, Smith worked as a sportscaster and served in the audio and video preserva- later as a disc jockey at WMEX and WBZ in . He transitioned into record tion laboratories. The Library continued promotions when he moved to Los Angeles in 1960 and rose to legendary status its collaboration with physicists at the in the industry as president of three major labels—Warner Bros., Elektra/Asylum Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Capitol/EMI. to further develop imaging technology, known as IRENE (Image, Reconstruct, While president of Capitol Records/EMI, Smith recorded 238 hours of Erase Noise, Etc.), that provides nonin- interviews over two years, excerpts of which he compiled and presented in vasive preservation and access to endan- Off the Record his groundbreaking book, , published by Warner Books in 1988. gered recorded-sound collections. These candid and unabridged interviews will be digitized by the Library of Congress. Some of the recordings will be streamed on the Library’s website in WEB www.loc.gov/avconservation/ fiscal year 2013. . It is estimated that half of the films The list of noted artists and executives is a veritable who’s who in the music produced before 1950 and 80-90 percent industry. They include Artie Shaw, Woody Herman, Ella Fitzgerald, Ray Charles, of those made before 1920 are gone for- , Little Richard, , Paul McCartney, George Harrison, ever. The Library of Congress is working Elton John, Paul Simon, David Bowie, Billy Joel, Sting, Tony Bennett, Joan with many organizations to prevent fur- Baez, James Taylor, , Tina Turner, Tom Jones, B.B. , Quincy ther losses and to preserve motion pictures Jones, David Geffen, Mickey Hart, and many others. All types through the . of popular music are represented—rock and roll, , rhythm & blues, pop, big-band, heavy metal, folk and country and western. Under the terms of the National Act of 1988, the Librar- Smith’s relationship with the industry’s creative community over four decades ian of Congress—with advice from the enabled him to compile a history of popular music by presenting the artists’ National Film Preservation Board— stories in their own voices. As an insider, Smith connected with the artists on a began selecting 25 films annually for the personal level, leading to some interesting revelations: Bo Diddley talking about National Film Registry to be preserved his own death, Mickey Hart’s revealing story about his father, Steven Tyler’s for all time. The films are chosen on the problems with drug addiction, Peter Frampton’s short-lived popularity, David basis of whether they are “culturally, Bowie’s description of Mick Jagger as “conservative” and Bob Dylan’s surprising historically or aesthetically significant.” assessment of the turbulent 1960s. The Library of Congress works to en- sure registry films are preserved by the “I hope that generations to come will benefit from hearing the voices of these Library’s staff or through collabora- brilliant artists and industry luminaries,” said Smith. tion with other archives, motion-picture studios and independent filmmakers.

30 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “I’m just thrilled that the Library of Congress has agreed to preserve and safeguard these audio artifacts.” Joe Smith, music executive, upon donating his collection

In December 2011, the Librarian named 25 films to the registry, bringing the total to 575.

Sound Recordings. The National Record- ing Preservation Act of 2000 tasks the Librarian of Congress with annually choosing recordings that are “culturally, historically or aesthetically significant.” In May 2012, the librarian announced the addition of 25 sound recordings to the 2011 National Recording Registry, bringing the total to 350. (See page 33.)

Maps The Library’s online maps include some of the world’s great cartographic treasures, such as the 1507 Waldsee- müller world map—the first map to Tom Hanks starred in the title role of the 1994 film, Forrest Gump. Photo courtesy of Paramount show the word “America”—and the Abel Buell map (1783), the first map to National Film Registry (2011 Additions) depict the boundaries of the new Amer- Allures I, an Actress ican nation at the end of the American (1961) (1977) Revolution. In fiscal 2012, the Preser- Bambi (1942) The Iron Horse (1924) vation Directorate undertook the task The Big Heat (1953) The Kid (1921) of evaluating the performance of the A Computer Animated Hand (1972) The Lost Weekend (1945) existing anoxic encasement that houses Crisis: Behind A Presidential The Negro Soldier (1944) Library treasures. The directorate also Commitment (1963) worked with the Library’s Interpretive Nicholas Brothers Family Home The Cry of the Children Movies Programs Office and the National In- (1912) (1930s–40s) stitute for Standards and Technology A Cure for Pokeritis (1912) Norma Rae (1979) to develop an oxygen-free encasement El Mariachi (1992) Porgy and Bess (1959) and external display case for the Buell Faces (1968) The Silence of the Lambs (1991) map, allowing it to be displayed indefi- Fake Fruit Factory Stand and Deliver nitely without deterioration. (1986) (1988) Forrest Gump (1994) Twentieth Century (1934) WEB memory.loc.gov/ammem/ Growing Up Female (1971) War of the Worlds (1953) gmdhtml/gmdhome.html Hester Street (1975) WEB www.loc.gov/topics/maps.php

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 31 Newspapers Chronicling America. The Library of Congress, in partnership with the Na- tional Endowment for the Humanities, sponsors the National Digital News- paper Program, a project to digitize and provide free and public access to American newspapers that are in the public domain. During 2012, the Librarian of Congress James H. Billington and Chairman and CEO Mathieu Gallet of the number of state projects contribut- French Institut National de l’Audiovisuel (INA) exchange archives of digitized film and ing digitized content grew to 32. At television programs. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis year’s end, the project reached a mile- stone when the 5 millionth newspaper FRENCH FILM EXCHANGE page was scanned and posted online. Since March 2007, the Library has The Library of Congress and the French Institut National de l’Audiovisuel (INA) been making this material accessible are participating in an unprecedented exchange of hundreds of hours of digi­ on the Chronicling America website, tized films and television programs that reflects how the United States and a free, national, searchable database have been portrayed in each other’s media. The collaboration between of 800 historic American newspapers the world’s largest library and the leading audiovisual­ archive in France will result published between 1836 and 1922. in the transfer of up to 500 hours of cinematic and television treasures over the The popular site hosted more than next three years. Both institutions hold millions of hours of television and radio 2.5 million page-views per month recordings, dating back to the earliest recorded broadcasts. during the year.

Librarian of Congress James H. Bil­lington and Mathieu Gallet, chairman and CEO WEB www.loc.gov/chroniclingamerica/ of the Institut National de l’Audiovisuel, officially presented each other with the first set of programs in a ceremony in the Thomas Jefferson Building on Feb. 8, 2012. Oral History The American Folklife Center (see page The initial titles selected for the cul­tural exchange consist mainly of news 49) continued its mandate “to preserve programming, documentaries, edu­cational films, travelogs and home movies. and present American Folklife through The digital files will be available to researchers in the Library’s Motion Picture­ a number of outreach and oral-history Reading Room and INA’s consultation center at the Bibliothèque Nationale programs.” de France in Paris. A wide selection of public-domain titles also will be made available for global online access via the World Digi­tal Library website. Civil Rights History Project. In May 2009, Congress passed the Civil Rights History The Library’s offerings to INA include films from the Library’s Paper Print and Project Act of 2009 [P.L. 111-19]. This George Kleine collections, including Scene from the Elevator Ascending Eiffel law directs the Library of Congress and Tower (1900), Battle of Flowers from Nice Carnival (1903) and A Trip on the Riviera the ’s National (1914); U.S. government-produced films such as the Department of Defense’sThis Museum of African American History is France (1958); travelogs and home movies such as Prowling Around France and Culture to conduct a survey of ex- with Will Rogers (1927); and educational films includingFrench Influences in North isting oral-history collections with rel- America (1951) and Modern France (1965). The Library also will seek permission evance to the civil rights movement, and to share such network-news documentaries­ as CBS Reports: The Trials of Charles to record new interviews with people who De Gaulle (1961) and Cities of the World: Mary McCarthy’s Paris. participated in the movement. In fiscal 2012, the Library maintained the Civil Among the French titles offered to the Library of Congress are A New York: 2ème Rights History Project website, which partie: Etres de nuit (1962), (1980), Washington cité impériale: was launched in August 2011. This web 2e partie: Quand la ville parle (1981), Arthur Miller (1988) and Prix Nobel: Toni portal provides public access to the oral- Morrison (1998). history interviews with participants in the civil rights movement that are housed

32 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “This ... is a major step toward … a world library where citizens may access, study and understand our history, evolution and thoughts through one of the great­est mirrors of humanity—audiovisual production.” Mathieu Gallet, chairman and CEO of the Institut National de l’Audiovisuel

in more than 1,200 archives, libraries, museums and other repositories around National Recording Registry (2011 additions) the country. More than 50 new interviews Edison Talking Doll cylinder (1888) “Bo Diddley” and “I’m a Man,” were added during the year and plans Bo Diddley (1955) are underway to augment the site with “Come Down Ma Evenin’ Star,” Lillian Russell (1912) Green Onions, Booker T. & materials from the Library’s civil rights the M.G.’s (1962) collections. During the year, the Ameri- “Ten Cents a Dance,” Forever Changes can Folklife Center developed and Ruth Etting (1930) , Love (1967) launched an innovative web-based col- Voices from the Days of , The Continental Harmony: Music of laborative cataloging tool and database Various speakers (1932–1941 William Billings, Gregg Smith Singers that allows its partners to provide de- interviews; 2002 compilation) (1969) scriptive information on the new inter- “I Want to Be a Cowboy’s A Charlie Brown Christmas, Vince view recordings from offsite locations. Sweetheart,” Patsy Montana (1935) Guaraldi Trio (1970) “Fascinating Rhythm,” Sol Hoopii “Coat of Many Colors,” Dolly WEB www.loc.gov/folklife/civilrights/ and his Novelty Five (1938) Parton (1971) Artistry in Rhythm Mothership Connection StoryCorps. Launched in 2003 by Dave Isay , Stan Kenton & , and his documentary company, Sound and his Orchestra (1943) Parliament (1975) Portraits Productions, StoryCorps is Debut performance with the Barton Hall concert by the Grateful one of the nation’s largest oral-narrative New York Philharmonic, Leonard Dead (May 8, 1977) projects. Isay was inspired by the Works Bernstein (Nov. 14, 1943) “I Feel Love,” Donna Summer (1977) International Sweethearts of Rhythm: Progress Administration’s (WPA) Federal “Rapper’s Delight,” Sugarhill Hottest Women’s Band of the 1940s Writers Project of the 1930s, which re- Gang (1979) corded oral-history interviews—housed (1944–1946) Purple Rain, and the in the Library of Congress—with Ameri- “The Indians for Indians Hour” Revolution (1984) cans from across the country. In fiscal (March 25, 1947) 2012, more than 2,537 audio files of in- Hula Medley, Gabby Pahinui (1947) terviews were added to the StoryCorps I Can Hear It Now, Fred W. Friendly collection, bringing the total to more than and Edward R. Murrow (1948) 42,000 housed in the American Folklife Let’s Go Out to the Programs Center. The collection also includes some , The Dixie Hummingbirds (1953) 98,000 digital photographs of the partici- pants. In addition to weekly broadcasts on Also Sprach Zarathustra, Fritz National Public Radio’s Morning Reiner and the Chicago Symphony selected interviews are available as down- Orchestra (1954, 1958) loadable podcasts from NPR and on the Prince’s album, Purple Rain, topped the StoryCorps website. charts in 1984. Courtesy of Warner Bros.

WEB http://storycorps.org/

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 33 Veterans History Project. Established by the auspices of the Library’s Office of share tools and services, support in- Congress in 2000, the Veterans History Strategic Initiatives (see page 39), NDIIPP novation of practice and research and Project (VHP) is an oral-history program has grown to a distributed network of 200 promote national outreach for digital that preserves the memories of those in national and international partners in 47 preservation. The Alliance—consisting our nation’s armed services and others states and 39 countries with stewardship of 133 organizations—met in July to who shared America’s wartime experi- for more than 150 billion digital items present project results, share expertise ence in the 20th and early 21st centuries. comprising 29 petabytes (PB) of data. and conduct working group meetings. These partners are seeking to preserve In fiscal 2012, the project collected a wide range of born-digital records, in- In addition to the content from the origi- nearly 5,500 personal recollections from cluding public and commercial content, nal collecting partners, NDIIPP collabo- across the nation, bringing the total to and are working collaboratively to estab- rated with state, archival and private-sec- more than 83,000. To commemorate lish standards for digital preservation. tor organizations thereby reflecting the the 50th anniversary of the Vietnam growing diversity of content and exper- War, the Veterans History Project fea- A highlight of the year was the Digital tise in the network, including standards tured on its website a series of collec- Science Meeting in June, made possible development and web archiving. Among tions from this era, collectively titled with support from the Alfred P. Sloan the major accomplishments of 2012: “Vietnam War: Looking Back.” Select- Foundation. The meeting convened ed content from the VHP website is also an expert session of 35 scientists, State Records. Most states lack the resources accessible on iTunes U. librarians and historians of science. to ensure the preservation of the infor- The exchange of ideas resulted in a mation they produce in digital form only, WEB www.loc.gov/vets/ set of proposed projects to preserve such as legislative records, court-case files scientific ephemera such as blogs, web and executive-agency records. As a result, National Digital Information sites and crowd-sourced data sets. The much state government digital informa- Infrastructure and Preservation final report is available online at www. tion—including content useful to policy- Program digitalpreservation.gov/meetings/ makers—is at risk. In 2012, the four proj- The National Digital Information In- scienceonline_2012.html. ects comprising the NDIIPP Preserving frastructure and Preservation Program State Government Information initiative (NDIIPP) is a unique strategic initiative The National Digital Stewardship were completed. The projects represent mandated by Congress in 2000 to col- Alliance is working to identify digi- a geographically and thematically diverse lect and preserve at-risk digital content of tal content at risk of loss, develop and body of important state government digi- cultural and historical importance. Under adopt digital preservation standards, tal information in 35 states.

Standards. The Federal Agency Digi- tization Guidelines Working Group under NDIIPP is a collaborative effort by nearly 20 federal agencies to define common guidelines, methods and prac- tices to digitize historical content. Two main working groups—Still Image and Audio-Visual—continued their work of developing guidelines and tools that can be broadly applied. The Still Im- age group recommended the “Mini- mal Descriptive Embedded Meta-

Veterans History Project Director Bob Patrick (right) chats with two members of the WWII- era 309th Fighter Squadron, known as the “Wild Ducks.” Photo by Ashley Jones

34 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress data in Digital Still Images” guideline from the Smithsonian Institution. The group also updated the Digital Image Conformance Environment (DICE) software used for analyzing scanner performance and reviewed research conducted by Library staff to evaluate image compression and JPEG 2000 file configuration. The Audiovisual Work- ing Group continued development of a Material Exchange Format (MXF) standard for video preservation. The group also published its revised guide- line for Broadcast WAVE file (BWF) metadata, a file header for audio files, which is used by the European Broad- cast Union. Hany SalahEldeen of Old Dominon University presents a poster on social media and the Egyptian revolution to Peter Granda of the University of Michigan during the National Digital Steward Alliance Web Archiving. In fiscal 2012, the Web meeting in July. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis Archiving Team in the in the Library’s Office of Strategic Initiatives provided PROVIDING ACCCESS nearly 1.7 million annually. The Visi- project management and technical TO KNOWLEDGE tor Services Office conducted nearly support for a growing number of web The Library of Congress makes its collec- 8,000 tours. The Library’s exhibitions archive collections, and continued to tions publicly available in its 21 reading remained open to the public on federal develop tools and strengthen the infra- rooms on Capitol Hill and at the Packard holidays, with the exception of Thanks- structure at the Library for the long- Campus for Audio Visual Conservation in giving, Christmas and New Year’s Day. term storage and preservation of web Culpeper, Va., and through its website. archive content. The Web Archiving The Library opened the Main Read- ing Room for public open houses on Team managed 21 web archive collec- The Library also provides global access tions, which included more than 4,300 to its resources and those of other nations Columbus Day and Presidents Day. Ex- nominated websites. At year’s end, through the collaborative World Digi- hibition attendance overall grew by more more than 6.9 billion web documents tal Library. By cataloging its holdings in than 100,000 during the fiscal year. or 374 terabytes of data comprised the English and in many other languages, the Library’s web archives. Library provides bibliographic access to The Library has a long tradition of its vast and growing collections. Through making its collections accessible to staff The Web Archiving Team worked shared and cooperative cataloging and and patrons who are unable to use con- with the Law Library and Library through its cataloging products, the ventional printed materials. When the Services, including the overseas offices Library helps the nation’s libraries pro- Thomas Jefferson Building opened in in Pakistan, Indonesia, India, Egypt vide better access to their collections. 1897, it housed a special reading room and Brazil, to archive sites on a vari- Along with the National Library of for the blind. Since 1931, the Nation- ety of subjects such as the Civil War’s Medicine and the National Agricultural al Library Service for the Blind and sesquicentennial, the 2012 Olympics, Library, the Library of Congress is lead- Physically Handicapped has provided the U.S. national elections, and elec- ing the effort to implement the new cata- books in various formats to adult read- tions in Egypt, Timor Leste, Burma/ loging standard, RDA. Myanmar, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam ers who are blind. The program, which and Thailand. The Thomas Jefferson Building drew a began with long-playing records and record 1.08 million visitors during fiscal advanced to audio cassettes, has made WEB www.digitalpreservation.gov year 2012. The number of visitors to all the transition to state-of-the-art digital WEB www.digitizationguidelines.gov Library buildings remained steady at talking books.

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 35 The Library’s Technology Assessment Laboratory continues to seek techno- logical solutions to improve access to information for people with disabilities.

Reference Services During the year, the Library’s staff han- dled more than 540,000 reference requests received in person, on the telephone and through written and electronic correspon- dence. The Library’s staff also responded to more than 16,500 Russian composer Sergei Rachmaninoff Prints and Photographs Division questions posed by patrons using the Ask a Librarian feature on the Library’s website. In addition, nearly 1 million items were TO RUSSIA, WITH MUSIC circulated for use by patrons working at the Library. In May 2012, the Library of Congress completed a two-year project, conducted in collaboration with a Moscow museum, that brought together the original music In its third year of operation, a total manuscripts of one of the great composers of the 20th century, works that had been of 37,216 new patrons were registered separated over the decades by thousands of miles and the Russian Revolution. in the automated Reader Registration System, bringing the total to more The Library and the Glinka National Museum Consortium of Musical Culture than 142,000 since its inception in between them hold nearly all of the original manuscripts of Russian composer April 2009. Patrons continued to reg- Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873–1943), best known for his great Rhapsody on ister in person for the Library-issued a Theme of Paganini, Piano Concerto No. 2, “Prelude in C-sharp Minor” and user card. “Vocalise,” among other works. The institutions digitized their manuscripts over the past few years and formally exchanged copies in a ceremony at the Library. The Automated Call Slip system was The exchange allows musicians and scholars, for the first time, to study the upgraded in fiscal 2012 to allow patrons composer’s original works side by side and in one place. in the Library’s reading rooms to re- quest library materials from the general Rachmaninoff composed the bulk of his work in the late 19th and early 20th collections through the Library’s online centuries, before he fled his native Russia for the West following the Russian public-access catalog, instead of using Revolution. He composed several important works—Piano Concerto No. 4 and paper call slips. Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini among them—over the next quarter-century while he lived in New York, California and Switzerland. Rachmaninoff died in During the year, the Library added 1943, in California, and his widow began donating his post-Russia archive to 74 new encoded archival description the Library of Congress eight years later. The Glinka eventually acquired the (EAD) finding aids online. The sys- manuscripts from the composer’s Russian years. tem offers approximately 1,700 web- accessible finding aids to more than 43 The study of original manuscripts allows musicians and scholars to gain insight million archival items in the Library’s into compositions and the methods of their creators—decisions, for example, on Manuscript; Music; American Folklife omissions, additions and revisions. The work of Norwegian pianist Leif Ove Andsnes Center; Prints and Photographs; Mo- serves as a case in point. In 2012, Andsnes received a nomination for a Grammy tion Picture, Broadcasting and Record- Award for his recordings of Rachmaninoff’s third and fourth piano concertos—a ed Sound divisions, and other Library project for which he prepared by studying the composer’s scores and sketches at of Congress research centers. the Library. Andsnes observed, “When you sit with the actual manuscript there is

a kind of a holy feeling of touching this paper that the composer has been working WEB www.loc.gov/rr/ with—that’s magic.” WEB www.loc.gov/findingaids/

36 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “When you sit with [the composer’s] actual manuscript … that’s magic.” Norwegian pianist Leif Ove Andsnes

Cataloging 400 Library staff members, consisting of tridges in specially designed mailing The Library provided cataloging records 36 hours of classroom instruction followed containers to libraries nationwide. to the nation’s 122,000 public, school, by review and desk-side coaching. In fis- academic and research libraries and other cal 2012, trained staff in the Acquisitions Approximately 265,000 users are en- institutions that rely on the Library’s bib- and Bibliographic Access Directorate pro- joying digital talking-book players and liographic data. In fiscal year 2012, the duced 24,103 bibliographic records using books. They may select from more Library cataloged in its Voyager system RDA. At fiscal year’s end, all conditions than 8,500 titles available on cartridg- 350,201 new works on 330,621 separate were being met for nationwide implemen- es. Administered by the network of bibliographic records. Production of full- tation of RDA on March 31, 2013. cooperating libraries, the Braille and and standard-level original cataloging Audio Reading Download (BARD) totaled 212,332 bibliographic records. Access for the Blind and website offers more than 27,000 titles The Library and other member institutions Physically Handicapped to more than 50,000 registered us- of the international Program for Coopera- The National Library Service for the ers. At year’s end, BARD was being tive Cataloging created 312,346 name and Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS) upgraded to incorporate Web-Braille series authority records, and 3,950 subject was established in 1931 when President holdings such as music materials and authorities. The Library served as secretar- Herbert Hoover signed the Pratt-Smoot to add foreign-language materials and iat for the program and created 91,321 of Act into law. During the year, NLS cir- network-produced materials. the name and series authority records and culated more than 25 million copies of 1,437 of the subject authorities. Dewey Braille and recorded books and maga- World Digital Library Decimal Classification numbers were as- zines to some 800,000 reader accounts Launched in April 2009, the World signed to 92,099 titles as a service to other through a network of 103 cooperating Digital Library (WDL) website makes libraries throughout the world that use that libraries. NLS also honored a growing significant primary-source materials, in system to organize their collections. number of centenarians with member- various formats from cultures around ship in the 102 Talking-Book Club. the world, available on the Internet, free Bibliographic Control and Standards. In June of charge and in multi-lingual format. 2011, the Library of Congress, along with Through its digital talking-book pro- During the year, the WDL website re- the National Library of Medicine and the gram, NLS distributes digital players corded 5,175,381 visits, accounting for National Agricultural Library, agreed to and audiobooks on flash-memory car- 29,937,438 page views. implement the new cataloging standard, RDA, in March 2013. Implementation of RDA was conditional on additional rewording of RDA and continued progress on transforming the metadata infrastructure for bibliographic data. To address the latter, work began on the development of a new bibliographic framework, along with final preparations for RDA implementation. Preparations included extensive training of more than

Barbara Morland, head of the Main Reading Room, explains the room’s architectural details to visiting teachers. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 37 “The Library’s free online primary source documents have tremendous power to transform teaching and learning.” Stephen wesson, educational outreach division

During the year, work focused on re- the world: at the National Library and the Library added more than 3,000 new cruiting additional partners and adding Archives of Egypt in Cairo; the Iraqi photos to its Flickr account, bringing the content. Participation increased by 26 National Library and Archives in Bagh- total to 17,000. The site has received partners, bring the total at year’s end to dad; and at the National Library of more than 62.8 million page views since 161 partners in 75 countries. Uganda in Kampala. Established with its debut in 2008. New videos added to private funding, these centers contribute the Library’s YouTube channel included The annual WDL partner meeting took to the capacity-building mission of the those featuring the 2012 National Book place in Munich, , on Nov. 14- WDL and are digitizing rare and at-risk Festival. The site has provided more than 15, 2011, hosted by the Bavarian State material that otherwise would be inacces- 4 million video views since its launch in Library. The second annual meeting of sible to U.S. and international audiences. 2009. Newly added educational con- the WDL Executive Council took place tent on the Library’s iTunes U site in- WEB www.wdl.org on Nov 15. cludes the 2012 National Book Festival, presentations from the Kluge Center, The Library’s Website The content of the WDL website more concerts and an RDA training series for The Library’s website at www.loc.gov than doubled during the year to 6,330 librarians. In addition to its main Face- provides users with access to the items, comprising more than 295,000 im- book site, the Library offers Facebook institution’s unparalleled resources, such ages. Noteworthy content added to the pages for the Law Library, the American site from partner institutions included a as its online catalog; selected collections Folklife Center and the National Digital papyrus fragment from Orestes by Eurip- in various formats; copyright, legal Information Infrastructure and Preser- ides (200 B.C.) from the Austrian National and legislative information; Library vation Program. The Library’s Twitter Library; the Kiev Missal (circa 800–1000), exhibitions; and webcasts and podcasts presence includes feeds for the World one of the oldest examples of the ancient of Library events. The Library’s website Digital Library, the digital preservation Slavic written language, from the V.I. recorded more than 87 million visits and program, the Congressional Research Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine; 545 million page-views in fiscal 2012. Service, copyright issues and maps. The the Poem of the Cid (circa 1300–1400), the Library’s Twitterfeed @librarycongress only surviving handwritten copy of this During the year, the Library moved for- offered live-tweeting throughout the two- epic Castilian poem, from the National ward on Project ONE, an enterprise-wide Library of ; Babylonian Talmud (circa effort to manage its existing website con- day National Book Festival in September. 1342), from the Bavarian State Library; tent and provide a base upon which to The Bible of Borso d’Este (circa 1455), from develop new capabilities. With oversight The Library’s main blog—among the first Italy’s Estense Library; Marquesado del from the Library’s Web Governance federal blogs at the time of its launch on Valle Codex (circa 1550–1600), 28 petitions Board, the Library-wide project is address- April 24, 2007—has since been joined protesting seizures by conqueror Hernán ing all three core web-strategy areas: Con- by blogs generated by the Law Library; Cortés, from the General Archive of the gress, Copyright and the National Library. the National Digital Preservation Pro- Nation of Mexico; and Mozart’s original Phase I of the project, which focused on gram; the Music, Prints and Photographs, score for The Magic Flute (1791) from the legislative information, culminated in the and Science, Technology and Business Berlin State Library. highly successful launch of a Congress. divisions; and the Educational Outreach gov beta site in September 2012. Office. In fiscal 2012, new blogs were in- A key objective of the WDL project is troduced by the Copyright Office and the to build digital library capabilities in The Library continued to participate in Poetry and Literature Center. the developing world. In support of media-sharing and social-networking WEB www.loc.gov this, the WDL continued to operate sites such as Flickr, YouTube, Facebook, three digital-conversion centers around iTunes U and Twitter. During the year, WEB http://blogs.loc.gov

38 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress OFFICE OF STRATEGIC Educational Outreach ed the teacher blog, “Teaching with the INITIATIVES Through its Teaching with Primary Library of Congress,” which promotes Sources Program (TPS), the Educational practical strategies for the effective use Outreach Office is leading a nationwide of the Library’s online collections. During The Office of Strategic Initiatives (OSI) effort to instruct educators on how to the year, 100 new posts were published directs the Library’s digital strategic plan- use primary sources in the K-12 class- on a wide range of K-12-related topics. ning effort, integrates the delivery of infor- room. In fiscal year 2012, the program mation technology services and leads the provided professional development to WEB www.loc.gov/teachers/ National Digital Information Infrastructure more than 27,000 teachers throughout WEB http://blogs.loc.gov/teachers/ and Preservation Program, a congressional- the country. The 28 educational insti- ly mandated national program to preserve tutions that make up the TPS Educa- Information Technology the nation’s cultural digital assets. (See page tional Consortium served educators in Services 34.) OSI also includes the chief information 17 states. Through the TPS Regional Information Technology Services (ITS) officer function and the Information Technol- Program, 152 organizations delivered supports the technology needs of the ogy Services office. TPS programming to teachers in 36 Library of Congress and its external OSI’s Web Services Division provides states and the District of Columbia. customers and maintains a reliable, Library-wide operational support for the The Library offered five one-week-long secure and high-performance data com- Library website and manages the technical Summer Teacher Institutes to 129 edu- munications and information-process- and policy aspects of the Library’s use of cators from 33 states. The Educational ing infrastructure. In collaboration with social media and content distribution sites. Outreach Office continued its collabora- the Office of Security and Emergency During the year, Web Services continued to tion with PBS Teacherline, the premier Preparedness, ITS works to ensure con- lead the Library’s Project ONE, a strategy provider of high-quality online profes- tinuity of operations in the event of a for building a web presence that is easier to sional development for educators. pandemic or other emergency, including use and that reflects the breadth and depth Working together, they provided nearly enhancing the Alternate Computing of the Library’s resources. (See page 38.) 200 teachers across the country with a Facility and remote access. 45-hour online course titled “Teaching Through its Educational Outreach Office, Throughout the year, ITS ensured that the OSI educates students and teachers about with Primary Sources from the Library of Library’s infrastructure and the services it the use of digitized primary sources in the Congress.” provides continued to adapt to new tech- classroom. OSI also supports major Library Educational Outreach continued to man- nology and respond to other changes and initiatives, such as the World Digital Library, age the Teachers Page—the Library’s requirements. The IT Infrastructure includes the National Digital Newspaper Program home for teacher resources. It expand- data centers in four building locations: and the National Book Festival, which are described elsewhere in this report.

Through internal scanning operations, con- tracted services and collaborations with outside partners, OSI continued to add high-quality digital content to the Library’s website. In fiscal 2012, 6.2 million new dig- ital files were added, bringing the total to 37.6 million. This figure includes files from the National Digital Newspaper Program and other online collections.

WEB www.digitalpreservation.gov

Educators from around the country participate in the Library’s 2012 Teaching with Primary Sources Summer Teacher Institute. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 39 “This magnificent resource captures the warp and weft of life as it was lived in grassroots America.” Jim Leach, chairman, National Endowment for the Humanities, on the Chronicling America website

the Packard Campus for Audio Visual During the year, ITS implemented a Book Festival, more than 400 events were Conservation in Culpeper, Va.; the National Technical Architecture Program that will recorded for viewing on the Library’s Library for the Blind and Physically Handi- produce a central register of all tech- website. capped on Taylor Street in northeast Wash- nologies used at the Library. The ITS ITS implemented and maintains the House ington, D.C.; the Alternative Computing Primary Data Center in the James Madi- Streaming Video Project to broadcast Facility and two centers in the James Madi- son Building’s Uninterruptable Power House Committee hearings to the public. son building on Capitol Hill. The data cen- Supply (UPS) and air conditioning were ters support more than 650 physical servers, increased. The Data Center equipment The ITS Digital Scan Section contributed 300 virtual servers, 250 enterprise systems layout was improved to conserve floor to the Library’s digitization efforts by pro- and applications, 5.8 PB of disk storage and space. ITS also maintained a Help Desk ducing more than 280,000 high-quality 8.5 PB of backup and archive data on tape. that resolved more than 25,000 trouble digital images for many divisions within The IT infrastructure also includes a wide- reports from end users and supported the Library. the use of two-factor authentication for area network, a metropolitan-area network ITS also supported the Library’s Telework webmail access. and local-area networks that comprises 350 Program by designing and configuring network devices. ITS also supports more The ITS Multimedia Team provided laptops. At fiscal year’s end, more than than 8,600 voice connections, 14,700 net- technical support for more than 700 650 staff members were participating in work connections and 5,300 workstations. special events. In addition to the National the Telework Program.

Data servers such as these house a number of Library applications, including copyright records and digital archives. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

40 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress These headline news stories are among the 5 million newspaper pages that have been digitized by the Library in partnership with the National Endowment for the Humanities. The pages are accessible on the Chronicling America website, a free database of 800 historic American newspapers published between­ 1836 and 1922.

FROM LEFT The April 12, 1912, issue of The Call announces the sinking of the Titanic. / The April 19, 1906, issue of The Call-Chronicle-Examiner reports the San Francisco earthquake. / The Nov. 12, 1918, issue of The Democratic Banner proclaims the end of . Serial and Government Publications

COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE 41 PROMOTING CREATIVITY

42 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “The Library of Congress deserves kudos for having produced this exceptionally imaginative and convincing list of many … of the books that shaped America.” Michael Dirda, The Washington Post

PROMOTING READING AND LITERACY The Library of Congress promotes reading and literacy through the Center for the Book and its partners, through the National Book Festival, through collaborative public-service campaigns, by appointing and administering the position of National Ambassador for Young People’s Literature and through its literacy-promotion website, Read.gov. In fiscal 2012, the Library launched a multi-year “Celebration of the Book.”

Read.gov Since its launch in September 2009, the Library’s literacy-promotion website known as Read.gov has featured multi-media resources designed specifically for children, teens, parents and educators. The popular site received nearly 2.3 million page-views in fiscal 2012.

Read.gov has been supported by an advertising campaign directed by the Library’s Office of Communications in cooperation with the private, nonprofit Advertising Council (www.adcouncil.org). Since 2000, the Library has worked with the Ad Council on a series of national public-service announcement campaigns to high- light the Library’s web resources for children and families and to promote lifelong learning through reading.

In July, a free, interactive version of Aesop’s Fables was made available on the Read. gov site, along with a free app for the iPhone, iPad and Android platforms. The interactive book is adapted from the 1919 book The Aesop for Children: With Pictures

Young festival-goers dance along with “Justin Roberts and the Not Ready for Naptime Players” at the Library’s 12th Annual National Book Festival. Photo by Amanda Lucidon

Promoting CREATIVITY 43 by Milo Winter that is housed in the Li- brary’s Rare Book and Special Collec- tions Division.

At fiscal year’s end, plans were made to relaunch the popular online serial story The Exquisite Corpse Adventure, in time for Halloween. A project of the Center for the Book and the National Children’s Book and Literacy Alliance, the zany story consists of 27 episodes by 16 dif- ferent authors and five illustrators. The work, which first ran online in 2009, Presidents from land-grant universities participate in a wreath-laying ceremony at the Lincoln was published in its entirety by Candle- Memorial on June 25, 2012, to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Morrill Land-Grant wick Press in 2011. Acts, signed into law by the 16th president. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis WEB www.Read.gov

CELEBRATION OF THE BOOK Center for the Book Established in 1977, the Center for Calling books “the cornerstones of American culture and democracy,” the Book in the Library of Congress Librarian of Congress James H. Billington declared 2012 the start of a multi- promotes reading and literacy through year “Celebration of the Book.” The celebration includes exhibitions, symposia a network of affiliates in all 50 states, and other special events that explore the important ways books have affected the District of Columbia and the people, politics, culture and history. U.S. Virgin Islands. In addition, more than 80 national reading-promotion During the year, the Library mounted three exhibitions to celebrate the book. To Know Wisdom and Instruction: The Armenian Literary Tradition at the Library partners assist the center in its literacy- promotion efforts. of Congress marked the 500th anniversary of Armenian printing. Books That Shaped America featured 88 significant works.Words Like Sapphires: 100 Years In collaboration with the Children’s of Hebraica at the Library of Congress, 1912–2012 celebrated the centennial Book Council (CBC) and the CBC of a gift to the Library of 10,000 Hebrew books. (See Appendix D, Exhibitions.) Foundation, and with support from publishers, the center sponsors the Na- In June, the Library hosted a conference titled “Creating a Dynamic, Knowledge- tional Ambassador for Young People’s based Democracy.” The conference explored the legacy of three key events that Literature. On Jan. 3, 2012, youth au- profoundly shaped the nation: the founding of more than 1,600 free libraries by thor was appointed steel magnate Andrew Carnegie; the establishment of land-grant universities to the position for the 2012–2013 term. under legislation introduced by then-Rep. Justin S. Morrill; and the founding of (See page 60.) the National Academy of Sciences—the last two the result of legislation signed by Abraham Lincoln. The day ended with music by a brass quintet and the laying The Young Readers Center, in the of a wreath at the Lincoln Memorial in recognition of the 16th president’s deep Thomas Jefferson Building, contin- com­mitment to education, science and the welfare of the American people. ued to grow in popularity, with new programs and activities that attract- The public celebrated the book at the Library’s 12th Annual National Book ed more than 40,000 visitors during Festival. Held on the National Mall Sept. 22 and 23, the event featured more the year—up from 29,000 the previ- than 125 authors and illustrators discussing their works before record crowds ous year. Visitors were encouraged estimated at more than 200,000. The book festival included awards to winners to choose a book from its up-to-date of a writing contest for local 5th- and 6th-graders on the topic “A Book That collection of non-circulating titles; Shaped Me.” At fiscal year’s end, plans were underway for an International browse the web’s kid-friendly sites; or Summit of the Book, to be held Dec. 6–7 at the Library of Congress.

44 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “The most exciting thing is having discovered a recording that might not have been heard by anyone in over 65 years.” Junior Fellow Katherine Rodda, Temple University

attend programs especially designed During the year, the center reprised Words International Youth Creativity for young readers. its national signature project— Awards, which recognizes award- Letters about Literature—which winning children’s poetry and art from As it has for more than a decade, inspires young people to write about around the world and educational the Center for the Book developed how books have changed their lives leadership in environmental literacy. the authors’ program for the 2012 and to celebrate the environment (See page 59.) National Book Festival and organized through art and poetry. The center its Pavilion of the States. (See page 54.) also participated in the River of WEB www.Read.gov/cfb/

Junior Fellows

Once again, the Library gave college students a chance to done by previous Junior Fellows, several students continued delve into its vast collections—acquired through copyright to explore the chemical, physical and optical properties of deposit, gift and purchase—in search of hidden treasures. items dating back to the 16th century, such as Ptolemy’s The 10-week Junior Fellows Summer Intern Program, made book Geographia (1513). possible through the generosity of the late Mrs. Jefferson Patterson and the Madison Council, furthers the Library’s In July, the interns displayed approximately 130 items from 32 mission to provide access to the universal record of human collections housed in 20 Library divisions. Topping their list of knowledge and creativity in its collections. The Library also finds was an unknown and unreleased recording session of the benefits from the students’ discoveries in its global collections. great blues duo Sonny Terry and Brownie McGhee, which was found in the Universal Music Group Collection of some 200,000 The 2012 program brought 38 college students from around the historic master recordings the Library acquired last year. country to work in the Library’s custodial divisions on Capitol Hill and at the Packard Campus for Audio Visual Conservation in Culpeper, Va. Under the direction of a cadre of curators and Library specialists, undergraduate and graduate students learned first-hand how the world’s largest library acquires, preserves and makes accessible its vast holdings.

The fellows undertook a wide range of projects, such as examining Russian books in the Cyrillic Collection, rehousing a collection of Hebraica, processing the papers of American designers Charles and Ray Eames, inventorying a collection of legal gazettes donated to the Library by the United Nations and updating the Korean serials database. Building on work

Junior Fellow Samantha Norling displays selected items from the Charles and Ray Eames Papers, which are housed in the Manuscript Division. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

Promoting CREATIVITY 45 BOOKS THAT SHAPED AMERICA

In June, the Library of Congress opened A Grammatical Institute of the English The Narrative of the Life of an exhibition of 88 books that shaped Language, Noah Webster, 1783 Frederick Douglass, Frederick America. Curators and experts from The Federalist, anonymous, 1787 Douglass, 1845 throughout the Library contributed their A Curious Hieroglyphick Bible, The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel recommendations, but there was much anonymous, 1788 Hawthorne, 1850 debate and many worthy titles had to A Survey of the Roads of the United Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, be cut from a much larger list in order to States of America, Christopher Herman Melville, 1851 accommodate the physical restrictions of Colles, 1789 Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher the exhibition space. Some of the titles The Private Life of the Late Benjamin Stowe, 1852 on display have been the source of great Franklin, LL.D., Benjamin Walden; or, Life in the Woods, controversy, even derision. Nevertheless, Franklin, 1793 , 1854 they shaped Americans’ views of their American Cookery, Amelia Leaves of Grass, Walt Whitman, 1855 world and the world’s views of America. Simmons, 1796 Little Women, or, Meg, Jo, Beth and “This list is a starting point … intended to New England Primer, anonymous, 1803 Amy, Louisa May Alcott, 1868 spark a national conversation on books Meriwether Lewis, History of the Mark, the Match Boy, Horatio that have influenced our lives, whether Expedition Under the Command of Alger Jr., 1869 they appear on this initial list or not,” said the Captains Lewis and Clark, 1814 The American Woman’s Home, Librarian of Congress James H. Billington. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Catharine E. Beecher and Harriet Washington Irving, 1820 Beecher Stowe, 1869 Experiments and Observations on McGuffey’s Newly Revised Eclectic Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Electricity, Benjamin Franklin, 1751 Primer, William Holmes Mark Twain, 1884 Poor Richard Improved and The Way McGuffey, 1836 Poems, Emily Dickinson, 1890 to Wealth, Benjamin Franklin, 1758 Peter Parley’s Universal History, How the Other Half Lives, Common Sense, Thomas Paine, 1776 Samuel Goodrich, 1837 Jacob Riis, 1890,

46 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “This list is a starting point … intended to spark a national conversation on books …” Librarian of Congress James H. Billington

The Red Badge of Courage, Gone With the Wind, Margaret Charlotte’s Web, E.B. White, 1952 Stephen Crane, 1895 Mitchell, 1936 , , 1953 The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, How to Win Friends and Influence Howl, , 1956 L. Frank Baum, 1900 People, Dale Carnegie, 1936 Atlas Shrugged, Ayn Rand, 1957 Harriet, the Moses of Her People, Their Eyes Were Watching God, The Cat in the Hat, Dr. Seuss, 1957 Sarah H. Bradford, 1901 Zora Neale Hurston, 1937 On , , 1957 The Call of the Wild, Idaho: A Guide in Word and Pictures, , , 1960 Jack , 1903 Federal Writers’ Project, 1937 Catch-22, Joseph Heller, 1961 The of Black Folk, Our Town: A Play, Thornton Stranger in a Strange Land, W.E.B. Du Bois, 1903 Wilder, 1938 Robert A. Heinlein, 1961 The History of Standard Oil, Alcoholics Anonymous, The Snowy Day, Ezra Jack , 1904 anonymous, 1939 Keats, 1962 , , 1906 , Silent Spring, Rachel Carson, 1962 The Education of Henry Adams, , 1939 Where the Wild Things Are, Henry Adams, 1907 For Whom the Bell Tolls, Maurice Sendak, 1963 Pragmatism, William James, 1907 , 1940 The Fire Next Time, Riders of the Purple Sage, Native Son, , 1940 James Baldwin, 1963 Zane Grey, 1912 A Tree Grows in , The Feminine Mystique, Tarzan of the Apes, Edgar Rice Betty Smith, 1943 Betty Friedan, 1963 Burroughs, 1914 A Treasury of American Folklore, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Family Limitation, Benjamin A. Botkin, 1944 Malcolm X and , 1965 , 1914 A Street in Bronzeville, Gwendolyn Unsafe at Any Speed, Spring and All, William Carlos Brooks, 1945 , 1965 Williams, 1923 The Common Sense Book of In Cold Blood, Truman Capote, 1966 New Hampshire, Robert Frost, 1923 Baby and Child Care, The Double Helix, The Great Gatsby, Benjamin , 1946 James D. Watson, 1968 F. Scott Fitzgerald, 1925 The Iceman Cometh, Eugene Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, The Weary Blues, Langston O’Neill, 1946 Dee Brown, 1970 Hughes, 1925 Goodnight Moon, Margaret Wise Our Bodies, Ourselves, The Sound and the Fury, Brown, 1947 Boston Women’s Health , 1929 A Streetcar Named Desire, Book Collective, 1971 Red Harvest, , 1929 Tennessee Williams, 1947 Cosmos, Carl Sagan, 1980 Joy of Cooking, Irma Rombauer, 1931 Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, , , 1987 Alfred C. Kinsey, 1948 And the Band Played On, Opposite The Library displayed Books That The Catcher in the Rye, Randy Shilts, 1987 Shaped America in the Thomas Jefferson Building. J.D. Salinger, 1951 The Words of Cesar Chávez, Photo by Abby Brack Lewis Invisible Man, Ralph Ellison, 1952 César Chávez, 2002

Promoting CREATIVITY 47 U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE communicate copyright principles and SHARING IDEAS AND CULTURE practices to a broad audience. The Library is a catalyst for sharing ideas and cultural knowledge through its Office Throughout the year, the Copyright The U.S. Copyright Office administers of Scholarly Programs (composed of the Office assisted the U.S. Department the United States copyright law. John W. Kluge Center and the Poetry and of Justice in several important court Under the law, authors and other Literature Center) and through its Ameri- cases. Of particular significance were copyright owners register claims and can Folklife Center. two cases before the Supreme Court: record copyright-related documents Golan v. Holder, in which the Supreme to protect their rights to their creative WEB www.loc.gov/loc/events Court upheld the constitutionality of works. In addition, cable operators, extending copyright protection to satellite carriers and importers and The John W. Kluge Center certain foreign works under the Uruguay manufacturers of digital audio recording The John W. Kluge Center was estab- Round Agreements Act; and Kirtsaeng devices pay royalties under copyright lished in 2000 with a gift of $60 million v. John Wiley and Sons, which involves law, and publishers deposit copyrighted from the late John W. Kluge, Metromedia the relationship between the first- works for the Library’s collections and president and founding chairman of the sale doctrine in copyright law and the exchange programs. James Madison Council (the Library’s exclusive right to import copies of works private-sector advisory group). Located In fiscal 2012, the Copyright Office acquired outside the United States. within the Library’s Office of Scholarly- registered more than 511,000 copyright The Register of Copyrights and other Programs, the center’s goal is to bring claims and expanded online copyright senior members of the Copyright the world’s best thinkers to the Library registration. The office continued its Office participate in conferences and of Congress to use the institution’s un- multi-year project to make historical negotiations and work with other paralleled resources and interact with copyright records created between executive branch agencies on copyright 1870 and 1977 searchable and available policymakers in Washington. law and policy affecting other countries. online. In 2012, the office digitized 10.5 In June, the Register of Copyrights was million cards for copyright registrations During the year, the Kluge Center brought part of an international delegation that and assignments from 1955 to 1977, to Washington 125 scholars in the hu- negotiated the conclusion of the Beijing bringing the total cards scanned to manities. Senior scholars, post- and pre- Audiovisual Performances Treaty, the first nearly 23 million. The office completed doctoral fellows and interns researched multi-lateral copyright treaty adopted the project to digitize all 667 volumes topics of historical and contemporary by the World Intellectual Property of the Catalog of Copyright Entries. significance in the fields of humanities, Organization (WIPO) since 1996. To engage copyright constituents social sciences, foreign policy and law. on issues of records digitization and In December 2011, the office These ranged from medieval custom and access, the office launched a blog titled commenced its fifth triennial rulemaking ancient graffiti, to the impact of stress on “Copyright Matters: Digitization and under the Digital Millennium Copyright contemporary humanity and the shape of Public Access.” Act (DMCA). Provisions of the DMCA social movements in the Internet Age. The allow the Librarian of Congress, upon Kluge Center managed the first competi- Under the direction of Register of the recommendation of the Register of tion for the Baruch S. Blumberg NASA/ Copyrights Maria A. Pallante, the Copyrights, to exempt specific classes Library of Congress Chair in Astrobiol- office launched a two-year work plan of works from the prohibition against ogy. President Felipe Calderón of Mexico in October 2011, which articulates the circumventing technological measures delivered the sixth Kissinger Lecture at a office’s priorities with regard to policy that control access to copyrighted private event held at the Library on April and administrative practice. Priorities works when the circumvention is 23. This was the first Kissinger Lecture include recommendations for legislative undertaken for certain noninfringing delivered by a sitting president. On July changes to section 108 of the copyright uses. The office invited comments and 10, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, former law (exceptions to the law for libraries held public hearings in spring and early president of Brazil, was awarded the John and archives); improvements to the summer 2012 to prepare the Register’s W. Kluge Prize for lifetime achievement in electronic registration and recordation recommendation to the Librarian. the humanities. (See page 57.) services; and an outreach program that incorporates the use of social media to WEB www.copyright.gov WEB www.loc.gov/kluge/

48 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Poetry and Literature Center ethnographic material from the United featuring its vast content. All told, 200 Under the terms of the bequests that es- States and around the world. The AFC Library publications currently are in tablished and support its programs, the is responsible for research, documenta- print and can be purchased in bookstores mission of the Library of Congress’s tion, national programs and collabora- nationwide and from the Library Shop. Poetry and Literature Center is to foster tive partnerships with public and private and enhance the public’s appreciation organizations. One of the AFC’s major Among the titles published in 2012 of literature. The center administers the initiatives is the Veterans History Proj- were several volumes drawn from the position of Poet Laureate Consultant in ect (see page 34), which was established collections of the Prints and Photo- Poetry, selected annually by the Librarian by Congress in 2000 to preserve the graphs Division. Gardens for a Beautiful of Congress. memories and artifacts of the nation’s America, 1895–1935 by Sam Watters war veterans. AFC also administers the features the work of photographer On Oct. 17, 2011, Poet Laureate Philip StoryCorps Collection (see page 33) and Frances Benjamin Johnston, and Presi- Levine opened his term (2011–2012) as the Civil Rights History Project (see page dential Campaign Posters spotlights the Li- the Library’s 18th Poet Laureate Con- 32). Throughout the year, the center also brary’s collection of election art from sultant in Poetry with a reading at the offers a “Homegrown” concert series the campaigns of to Library. Born in , Mich., Levine and symposia. . A companion volume is the author of 20 collections of poems, to the Library’s Armenian exhibition, WEB www.loc.gov/folklife/ including his most recent work, News To Know Wisdom and Instruction: A Visual of the World. Levine won the 1995 Pu- Survey of the Armenian Literary Tradition litzer Prize for The Simple Truth and the SHOWCASING THE LIBRARY’S COLLECTIONS from the Library of Congress was compiled National Book Award in 1991 for What by the curator, Levon Avdoyan. Two Work Is. The former chancellor of the The Library showcases items from its un- of the Library’s cartographic treasures Academy of American Poets (2000– paralleled collections through its publica- are the subject of Seeing the World Anew: 2006), Levine is professor emeritus at tions and exhibitions. During the year, the The Radical Vision of Martin Waldseemül- California State University, Fresno. Library also highlighted its treasures and ler’s 1507 & 1516 World Maps by John Following a year of numerous read- the knowledge of its subject-area special- W. Hessler and Chet Van Duzer. A ings throughout the country, on May 3 ists through hundreds of free public pro- revised version of The Nation’s Library Levine closed the literary season at the grams, including concerts, films, poetry updates the title first published in Library with a reading from his works. readings, lectures and symposia on a wide variety of subjects. 2000—the Library’s bicentennial year. (See Appendix B, Publications.) On June 7, 2012, the Librarian of Publications Congress announced the appointment WEB www.loc.gov/publish/ of Natasha Trethewey as the Library’s Each year, the Library publishes books, 19th Poet Laureate Consultant in Po- calendars and other printed products WEB www.loc.gov/shop/ etry, for 2012–2013. She delivered her inaugural reading on Sept. 13.

WEB www.loc.gov/poetry/

American Folklife Center The American Folklife Center (AFC) was created by Congress in 1976. The center includes the Archive of Folk Cul- ture, which was established in 1928 and is now one of the largest collections of

Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry Natasha Trethewey delivers her inaugural reading at the Library. Photo by Cecelia Rogers

Promoting CREATIVITY 49 Exhibitions Public Programs bandleader Desi Arnaz—featured their Sakura: Cherry Blossoms as Living Symbols of During the year, the Library presented children Lucie Arnaz and Desi Arnaz Jr. Friendship commemorated the centennial hundreds of public programs. Many of The event marked Lucille Ball’s 100th of Japan’s gift of cherry blossom trees to these events (highlighted below) provided birthday and the 60th anniversary of the United States with items drawn from an opportunity to celebrate diversity and one of the best-loved shows in television the Library’s Prints and Photographs showcase the Library’s collections. history, and spotlighted orchestrations of Division. The division’s Herbert Block the Desi Arnaz Orchestra (recently do- (Herblock) collection was featured in WEB www.loc.gov/loc/events/ nated to the Music Division). Herblock Looks at 1962: 50 Years Ago in Edito- rial Cartooning and Down to Earth, the edito- Concerts. Since 1925, the Library’s The Franz Liszt Bicentenary Project rial cartoonist’s take on the environment. Coolidge Auditorium has provided a showcased the Library’s substantial venue for world-class performers and Liszt holdings. A season-long BachFest The Library’s Armenian collections world premieres of commissioned works. featured performances of works by the were the focus of an exhibition titled Sponsored by the Music Division, the Li- iconic German composer, Johann Se- To Know Wisdom and Instruction, which brary’s annual concert series reflects the bastian Bach. To mark the John Cage marked the 500th anniversary of the diversity of music in America and fea- centennial, violinist Irvine Arditti and first printed Armenian book. tures many genres: classical, jazz, musical pianist Stephen Drury performed a theater, dance, pop and rock. commissioned work, Cage’s Two4. Featuring 88 books published in Amer- ica between 1751 and 2002, an exhibi- The 2011–2012 season of concerts The noontime folklife concert series tion of Books That Shaped America sparked from the Library of Congress pre- known as “Homegrown: The Music debate about the works that have sented a 30-event roster of classical, of America” featured diverse musical strongly influenced our nation. jazz, pop, country, folk and world traditions from around the nation. Pre- music performances, along with films sented by the American Folklife Center Displays in the Performing Arts Read- and noontime lectures by notable and the Music Division in cooperation ing Room foyer featured the Library’s scholars. All concerts were presented with the Kennedy Center Millennium dance collections (Politics and the Dancing free of charge in the Library’s historic, Stage, the eight-concert series presented Body) and the work of Irish-American 500-seat Coolidge Auditorium. Mexican music from Texas, Paraguayan composer/conductor Victor Herbert. music from Nevada, and fiddle music (See Appendix D, Exhibitions.) The season opener, which celebrated from New Hampshire, West Virginia two great American entertainers—co- and Missouri, to name a few. WEB www.loc.gov/exhibits medienne Lucille Ball and composer and WEB www.loc.gov/concert

Film Screenings. Located in Culpeper, Va., the Library’s Packard Campus Theater continued its popular film screenings that showcase the film, television, radio and recorded sound collections of the Library of Congress. The Art-Deco-style theater is one of only five venues in the country equipped to show original classic film prints on nitrate film stock as they would have been screened in theaters

This 15th-century Gospel Book was displayed in the Library’s exhibition that marked the 500th anniversary of Armenian printing.

50 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress and activist Richard Dreyfuss discusses the importance of civics education at the Library’s celebration of Law Day. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis before 1950. The theater also features a custom-made organ that provides live musical accompaniment for silent movies to enhance the cinematic experience. During the year, the theater offered 139 public screenings of more than 240 titles held by the Library. More than 13,500 people attended these screenings.

Lectures and Symposia. The selected events highlighted below are a sampling of the many lectures and symposia hosted by the Library during the fiscal year. Many of these events can be viewed on the Library’s website at www.loc.gov/ webcasts/.

Joseph Raz, professor of law at Colum- bia Law School, delivered the Fred- eric R. and Molly S. Kellogg Biennial Lecture on Jurisprudence on Oct. 5. His lecture was titled “Sovereignty and Legitimacy: On the Changing Face of the Library of Congress and the Jung The Geography and Map Division spon- Law—Questions and Speculations.” Society of Washington on March 28, sored a two-day conference, May 19–20, the event was made possible by AARP. devoted to mapping the nation’s capi- The Law Library celebrated Human tal. It covered the period from Pierre- Rights Day on Dec. 9 with a panel discus- Kevork Bardakjian, chair of Armenian Charles L’Enfant’s 1791 Plan of the City sion on women’s rights and opportunities. Language and Literature at the Uni- of Washington to the present. Former versity of Michigan, delivered the 16th D.C. Mayor Anthony Williams delivered The Library’s African and Middle Annual Vardanants Day Lecture on the keynote address. Eastern Division sponsored a sympo- April 19, in conjunction with the opening sium and concert on Nov. 28 that high- of the Library’s Armenian exhibition. The American Folklife Center pre- lighted the literature and performing He was joined by Levon Avdoyan, the sented a symposium on Radio arts of Turkmenistan. The event was Library’s Armenian and Georgian area in America to mark the center’s recent made possible with assistance from the specialist and curator of the exhibition acquisition of the Henry Sapoznik Smithsonian Institution and the U.S. To Know Wisdom and Instruction: The Armenian Collection of more than 1,000 historic State Department. Literary Tradition at the Library of Congress. Yiddish radio broadcasts from the 1920s through the 1950s. A symposium titled “Jung and Aging: On May 1, in recognition of Law Day Bringing to Life the Possibilities and 2012, the Library of Congress welcomed The Center for the Book sponsored Potentials for Vital Aging” explored the actor Richard Dreyfuss for a discussion 35 public programs during the year. work of the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gus- focused on the Dreyfuss Initiative, a non- Many of these were part of the popu- tav Jung (1875–1961) and its meaning to profit organization that aims to revitalize lar Books & Beyond literary series, an aging population. Hosted jointly by civics education in public schools. which highlights new books by au-

Promoting CREATIVITY 51 “Reading is not optional.” Walter Dean Myers, National Ambassador for Young People’s Literature

thors who drew on the Library’s vast The Kluge Center sponsored numer- COPYRIGHT ROYALTY resources to produce their works. ous public programs during the year, JUDGES On Sept. 7, the center hosted a pro- including lectures, symposia, book gram in recognition of International talks and a concert. Notable events Literacy Day that included a discus- included a lecture by Cardinal Theo- The Copyright Royalty Board ad­ministers sion on preparing teachers for com- dore E. McCarrick, archbishop emer- the royalty provisions of the Copyright mon core standards of excellence in itus of Washington, who discussed Act. The act requires artists, copyright the classroom, and an awards cer- the similarities between Muslim and owners and recording and distribution emony for communities that sponsor Christian quests for common under- companies to license their works to outstanding literacy programs. standing on Nov. 26, a conference on broadcast media. The three Copyright “The Profound Impact of Stress” on Royalty Judges who comprise the Board In April, in conjunction with the March 26, and a May 24 lecture by make determinations regarding royalty Library’s Sakura exhibition, the In- journalist Morton Kondracke on the rates, terms and distributions relating terpretive Programs Office presented life and political career of . to these compulsory, statutory licenses. several lectures related to the signifi- Chief Judge James Sledge retired in cance of cherry blossoms in American The Poetry and Literature Center offered January 2012, followed by Judge Stanley and Japanese culture. These included numerous poetry readings and literary Wisniewski in August. Suzanne Barnett “Japanese Culture Day,” an event for events during the year, including those was appointed chief judge in May. Judge children and families, and a workshop that celebrated the birthdays of Walt Richard Strasser was appointed interim for educators to learn strategies for Whitman, Langston Hughes, Gwendo- judge in September. exploring 20th-century Japanese and lyn Brooks, Ralph Ellison, Tennessee In fiscal 2012, licensors remitted nearly United States relations in the classroom. Williams and William Shakespeare. $312 million in roy­alties. The judges ap- proved a record distribution of more than $835 million to copyright owners. The Below Members of a hula group from Hawai’i Community College in Hilo, Hawaii, perform the traditional dance in the Coolidge Auditorium as part of the 2012 Homegrown concert series. judges initiated a rate proceeding to set section 112 (ephemeral recordings) rates Photo by Abby Brack Lewis opposite National Ambassador for Young People’s Literature Walter Dean Myers speaks to school children at the Library. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis for business-establishment services for the 2014–18 license period. The judges conducted proceedings to determine royalty rates and terms for pre-existing subscription and satellite digital-audio ra- dio services. The judges also conducted proceedings to establish royalty rates and terms for music publishers and song- writers under section 115 (“mechanical” license) and for noncommercial television and radio broadcasters under section 118. In July 2012, the judges initiated a pro- ceeding for distribution of digital-audio re- cording technology (DART) musical works funds that were collected for the years 2005–08. In December 2011, the judges published cost-of-living adjust­ments to established rates.

52 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Promoting CREATIVITY 53 NATIONAL BOOK FESTIVAL

crowd of book lovers esti- about literacy- and reading-promo­tion On Sunday, organizers announced the mated at more than 200,000 programs in all 50 states, the District of inaugural winners of the National Student A gathered on the National Columbia and the U. S. territories. A Poets program, introducing five students Mall Sept. 22–23 to celebrate reading popular giveaway was “Great Books and who for the next year will serve as literary and literacy at the 2012 National Book Great Places,” a colorful map of the Unit- ambassadors. The Library of Congress Festival. The festival was organized by ed States that could be presented at each and the D.C. announced the Library of Congress with President state table for a state sticker or stamp. 19 winners of their “A Book That Shaped Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Me” summer writing contest. Obama serving as honorary chairs. Visitors to the Library of Congress pa- vilion had an opportunity to learn about The 2012 National Book Festival was In its 12th year, the festival featured pre- the resources of the nation’s oldest federal made possible through the generous sup- sentations and book-signings by more cultural institution directly from its port of National Book Festival Board than 125 bestselling authors, illustrators experts. They were given a behind-the- Co-chair David M. Rubenstein; Char- and poets in pavilions devoted to various scenes look at the many ways the Library ter Sponsors Target, The Washington Post, genres: Children; Teens, History & Biog- of Congress brings its extraordinary Wells Fargo and the Institute of Museum raphy; Fiction & Mystery; Contemporary resources to people everywhere. and Library Services; Patrons AT&T, the Life; Poetry & Prose; and , National Endowment for the Arts and & Graphic Novels. The Family The festival attracted some of the best- PBS KIDS; Contributors Barnes & Noble, Storytelling Stage, sponsored by Target, known and best-loved authors in America LEGO Systems Inc., Digital featured lively presentations by more than today. (See list on page 55.) powered by OverDrive, and Scholastic 20 authors and musicians whose books Inc.; Friends Marshall B. Coyne Foun- and performances were geared to very Other reading-promotion activities dation Inc., The Harper Lee Prize for young readers. were offered by the festival’s corporate Legal Fiction, The Hay-Adams and the sponsors in the Let’s Read America and National Endowment for the Humanities. Festival-goers met their favorite authors PBS Kids pavilions. Festival-goers cel- Support was also provided by C-SPAN2’s and illustrators, posed for photographs ebrated Clifford the Big Red Dog’s 50th Book TV, the Junior League of Washing- with beloved storybook characters, had birthday in Scholastic’s Clifford’s Birth- ton and The Links Inc. their books autographed and received day Corner. Wells Fargo rolled its iconic copies of the 2012 festival poster by illus- stagecoach onto the National Mall for Information on past book festivals, trator Rafael López. photo opportunities, while patrons including webcasts and podcasts of select- listened to the company’s historians ed events, can be viewed at the National Book lovers filled the Pavilion of the describe a collection of historical and Book Festival website: States, organized by the Center for the stagecoach-related artifacts that were Book in the Library of Congress, to learn on display. WEB www.loc.gov/bookfest

above from Left Crowds fill the National Mall for the Library’s 12th Annual National Book Festival. Photo by Erin Allen / From left, Nobel Laureate Mario Vargas Llosa converses with National Book Festival sponsor David Rubenstein in the Fiction and Mystery Pavilion. Photo by Nancy Alfaro Opposite Librarian of Congress James H. Billington reads Where the Wilds Things Are on the Family Storytelling Stage. Photo by Amanda Lucidon / Sonia Manzano (“Maria” on Sesame Street) discusses her new book, Revolution of Evelyn Serrano. Photo by Amanda Lucidon

54 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress 2012 NATIONAL BOOK FESTIVAL PAVILIONS AND AUTHORS

Children’s Pavilion Contemporary Life History & Biography Family Storytelling Avi Pavilion Pavilion Stage Bob Balaban Christopher Bram Fergus Bordewich Jill Abramson Natalie Pope Douglas Brinkley Robert A. Caro Tom Angleberger Boyce Donna Britt David Eisenhower Lucky Diaz and the Peter Brown Thomas Friedman Julie Nixon Family Jam Band James Dashner Linda Greenhouse Eisenhower Mac Barnett Anna Dewdney John Farrell Annie Barrows Michael Grant James H. Billington Jewel Charles Kupchan Gaddis Marc Brown Mary Pope John Lewis Susan Hertog Nick Bruel Osborne Michael Michael Buckley Poetry & Prose Patricia Polacco Mandelbaum Walter Isaacson Choo Choo Soul Pavilion Esme Raji Codell Laura Amy Schlitz David Maraniss T.C. Boyle Kathleen Ernst Eileen Spinelli Lisa Scottoline Lien-Hang Giannina Braschi Tad Hills Jerry Spinelli Francesca Serritella Nguyen Junot Díaz Hip Hop Harry Erin E. Stead Jeffrey Toobin Jean Edward Stephen Dunn Jeff Kinney Philip C. Stead Eric Weiner Smith Jarrett J. Krosoczka David Ezra Stein Daniel Yergin Sally Bedell Smith Nikky Finney David O. Stewart Matt Luckhurst Teens Pavilion Fiction & Mystery Paul Hendrickson Elizabeth Dowling Dominique Moceanu Pavilion Tayari Jones Bryan Collier Jane O’Connor Taylor Laura Kasischke Sharon Flake Geraldine Brooks Okee Dokee Brothers Susan Tejada Philip Levine John Green Stephen L. Carter Jose Luis Orozco Bob Woodward Margot Livesey Jenny Han Adam Rex Special Programs Thomas Mallon Ellen Hopkins Michael Connelly Peter H. Reynolds Pavilion Poetry Out Loud David Levithan Patricia Cornwell Justin Roberts & DC Public Library Lois Lowry Maria Dueñas Contest Winners the Not Ready for Mike Lupica Naptime Players SciFi Fantasy & Michael Dirda Sonia Manzano Eloisa James Amy Krouse Rosenthal Graphic Novels Hope Larson Melissa Marr Rachel Renee Russell Pavilion Rafael López Walter Dean Myers Lisa Scottoline Bob Shea Lois McMaster Bujold Leonard Marcus Maggie Stiefvater Susan Richards Judy Sierra R.L. Stine Shreve National Student David Small Christopher Paolini Siobhan Vivian Justin Torres Poets Sarah Stewart Raina Telgemeier Jacqueline Gail Tsukiyama Corey Olsen R.L. Stine Craig Thompson Woodson Mario Vargas Llosa Anita Silvey Ed Young Vernor Vinge

Promoting CREATIVITY 55 CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT

56 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress “I feel truly overwhelmed with gratitude to my country, to this institution and to all of you for making tonight possible.”

John W. Kluge Prize recipient Fernando Henrique Cardoso

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS PRIZES AND AWARDS The Library of Congress sponsors privately endowed programs that honor achieve- ment in the humanities and creativity. Through these awards and prizes, the world’s greatest repository of human creativity honors those who have advanced and embodied the ideals of individual creativity, conviction, dedication, scholarship and exuberance.

WEB www.loc.gov/about/awardshonors/

John W. Kluge Prize. Fernando Henrique Cardoso, a leading scholar and practitio- ner of political economy in recent Latin American history, was awarded the 2012 Kluge Prize for lifetime achievement in the study of humanity. His scholarly analy- sis of the social structures of government, the economy and race relations in Brazil laid the intellectual groundwork for his leadership as president in the transforma- tion of Brazil from a military dictatorship with high inflation into a vibrant, more inclusive democracy with strong economic growth. Cardoso is the eighth recipient of the prize and the first whose work spans the fields of sociology, political science and economics.

The $1 million award, which was presented by the Librarian of Congress on July 10, was established by the late John W. Kluge, founding chairman of the Library’s private-sector advisory group, the James Madison Council, and bene- factor of the Library’s John W. Kluge Center for scholars.

Former Brazil President Fernando Henrique Cardoso accepts the Kluge Prize for lifetime achievement in the study of humanity at the Library on July 10. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT 57 Creative Achievement Award. - winning novelist was given the Library of Congress National Book Festival Creative Achievement Award.

FEDLINK Awards. FEDLINK serves federal libraries and information cen- ters as their purchasing, training and resource-sharing consortium. Each year, FEDLINK announces the winners of The Library of Congress honored the songwriting team of Burt Bacharach, pictured here its national awards for federal librarian- with Speaker of the House John Boehner, and Hal David (inset) with the Gershwin Prize ship, which recognize the many innova- for Popular Song. Photo by Bryant Avondoglio tive ways federal libraries, librarians and library technicians fulfill the informa- GERSHWIN PRIZE FOR POPULAR SONG tion demands of government, business, scholars and the public. In May, the fol- In May, Burt Bacharach and Hal David, the songwriting team that produced such lowing 2011 winners were announced. classics as “Walk on By,” “What the World Needs Now is Love” and “Raindrops Keep Fallin’ on My Head,” received the Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Large Library/Information Center: Popular Song. Woodworth Consolidated Library, Di- rectory of Family and Morale, Welfare Established in 2007, the award commemorates George and Ira Gershwin, the Recreation Division and Training and legendary American songwriters whose extensive manuscript collections reside in Doctrine Command, Fort Gordon, Ga. the Library. The prize is awarded to musicians whose lifetime contributions in the field of popular song exemplify the standard of excellence associated with the Gershwins. Small Library/Information Center: Previous recipients are Paul Simon, Stevie Wonder and Sir Paul McCartney. Eglin Air Force Base Library, Fla.

The Library feted the honorees on the evening of May 8 with an all-star concert in Federal Librarian of the Year: MaryLynn the Coolidge Auditorium. President Barack Obama presented the Gershwin Prize Francisco, acting director for the GEOINT at a special star-studded concert in the East Room of the on May Research Center, National Geospatial- 9. The concerts featured performances by Sheryl Crow, Michael Feinstein, Diana Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Va. Krall, Mike Myers, Lyle Lovett, Rumer, Sheléa, and Stevie Wonder. Dionne Warwick performed at the Library concert. Federal Library Technician of the Year: Leanna Bush, library technician, U.S. David, 90, a lyricist, and Bacharach, 83, a composer, first began collaborating Army Medical Research Institute of in the 1950s at the famous Paramount Music Co. in New York’s storied Brill Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Building. Between 1962 and 1972, their songs were almost continuously listed Ground, Md. on Billboard Magazine’s singles chart, making them almost as well-known as the singers who performed them. After a hiatus, they reunited in the early 1990s with Letters About Literature. One hundred fifty Dionne Warwick, offering a song titled “Sunny Weather Lover” for her Friends young readers from across the country Can Be Lovers album. They also produced a new song, “You’ve Got It All Wrong,” were honored in May with state and na- for the revival of a musical they co-wrote in the late 1960s, Promises, Promises. tional awards for their achievements in the 2011–2012 Letters About Literature com- Bacharach’s work has garnered three and eight Grammy Awards, petition, sponsored by the Center for the including the 2008 Lifetime Achievement Award and the 1997 Trustees Award, both Book in association with Target. Open to of which he shares with David. David has won several Grammy Awards as well as the students in grades 4 through 12, the com- Presidential Award from the National Association of Recording Merchandisers and petition challenged young people to write the B’Nai B’rith Creative Achievement Award. In 1996, the songwriting duo received letters to their favorite authors explaining the coveted Johnny Mercer Award from the National Songwriters Hall of Fame. how the authors’ writing changed their lives. Twelve national honorable-mention

58 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress winners received cash awards, and each environmental art and poetry contest for of “Be a Book” tours, designed to help earned a $1,000 reading-promotion grant young people in grades K–12 promotes Members of Congress, donors and new for their community or . literacy, the arts and environmental staff members understand how Library awareness. The contest, which celebrates materials are received and processed. The following six national winners both National Poetry Month and Earth received cash awards and also earned a Day, is one of the largest youth poetry and The Library of Congress Twitter feed $10,000 Letters About Literature reading- art competitions in the world. On April was included on Time magazine’s list of promotion grant for their community or 23, 2012, 10 young poets and artists— the top 140 Twitter feeds of 2012. school library: Margaret Lim of Arkansas, ranging in age from 7 to 16—and more who wrote to about her than a dozen national finalists were hon- LIBRARY–APPOINTED book Out of My Mind; Darius Atefat-Peck- ored at the 17th annual River of Words SCHOLARS AND FELLOWS ham of West Virginia, who wrote to Mark International Youth Creativity Awards. The American Folklife Center’s Doty about his book Dog Years; Diana Lan- Grand-prize winners were named for art Fellowships. Archie Green fellowships ni of Alaska, who wrote to Robert Service and poetry in four age categories, and an were given to Deborah Fant of North- about his book The Three Voices; Abbie international art prize was awarded to a west Folklife; Hannah Harvester of Beaver of Arkansas, who wrote to George youth from Pakistan. Traditional Arts in upstate New York; Orwell about his book ; Ellen McHale; Murl Riedel of the Kan- Amber-Nicole Watty of Georgia, who OTHER HONORS AND AWARDS sas Humanities Council; and Candacy wrote to Jay Asher about his book Thirteen Library Staff and Projects. Michael Taylor. Fant will document approxi- Reasons Why; and Alexandra McLaughlin Katzmann, Yasmeen Khan and Susan mately 50 individuals who work in di- of Minnesota, who wrote to Tim O’Brien Morris were named recipients of the verse occupations in Washington state. about his book The Things They Carried. Madisonian Award, an honor given Harvester will document the lives and by the James Madison Council, the changing relationships of dairy farmers WEB www.lettersaboutliterature.org/ Library’s private-sector advisory group. and farmworkers in New York’s North The award was bestowed by Madison Country. McHale will document the Network Library of the Year. The Texas Talk- Council member Marjorie M. Fisher culture and traditions of “backstretch ing Book Program, a division of the Texas on Oct. 19. Katzmann was cited for workers” (trainers, grooms, exercise State Library and Archives Commission, his technological innovations in the riders, saddlers and makers of jockeys’ received the Network Library of the Year National Library Service for the Blind clothing) who work largely unseen at Award. The annual award, which car- and Physically Handicapped. Khan was America’s racetracks and horse farms. ries a $1,000 cash prize, is given by the recognized for her conservation work Riedel will study the occupational cul- National Library for the Blind and Physi- in the Preservation Directorate. Morris, ture of Boeing aircraft manufacture, cally Handicapped in the Library of Con- who played a key role in the reorganiza- a keystone of Kansas industry, at a gress. The Chicago Public Library Talk- tion of the Acquisitions and Bibliograph- plant slated to close at the end of 2012. ing Book Center, a subregional library of ic Access Directorate in 2008, was also Taylor will document hairdressers and the Illinois Network of Talking Book and recognized for her efforts to test the new beauty-shop workers in approximately Braille Libraries, received the Network RDA standard and her development 20 salons in five United States regions. Subregional Library of the Year Award, which also carries a $1,000 prize.

River of Words. Sponsored jointly by the Center for the Book and the nonprofit organization River of Words, this annual

River of Words co-founders Pamela Michael and Robert Haas hold artwork by finalist Nadiya Smyrnova during an awards ceremony for the environmental poetry and art contest. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT 59 The American Folklife Center’s Gerald E. and dracke, Jack Kemp Chair in Political tion was created to raise national aware- Corinne L. Parsons Fund for Ethnography Economy; Alexander Evans, Henry ness of the importance of young people’s Fellowships. Nancy Yunhwa Rao and Kissinger Chair in Foreign Policy and literature as it relates to lifelong literacy, Danille Elise Christensen received fellow- International Relations; David Laitin, education and the development and bet- ships from the Parsons Fund for Ethno John W. Kluge Chair in Countries and terment of the lives of young people. graphy. Rao, chair of the Division of Com- Cultures of the North; Manuel Castells position and Music Theory in the Music and George Chrousos, John W. Kluge Poet Laureate. On June 7, 2012, Natasha Department of the Mason Gross School Chair in Technology and Society; Trethewey was appointed to serve as of the Arts at Rutgers University, studied Distinguished Visitor Scholars: Klaus the Library’s 19th Poet Laureate Con- Chinese opera in the U.S. Christensen, a Larres, Ricardo Luna, Cardinal Theo- sultant in Poetry for 2012–2013. An graduate of the doctoral program in folk- dore McCarrick and Joseph Moural. English and creative-writing professor at lore at Indiana University, researched a Emory University in Atlanta, Trethew- WEB www.loc.gov/loc/kluge/ book-length cultural history of home can- ey is the author of three poetry collec- fellowships/ ning and food preservation in the U.S. tions, including Native Guard (2006), win- ner of the 2007 Pulitzer Prize in Poetry; Moeson Fellows. Seven scholars were se- The American Folklife Center’s Henry Reed Bellocq’s Ophelia (2002); and Domestic Work lected to receive a 2012 Florence Tan Fund Award. Shawn Pitts of Arts in (2000). Her newest collection of poems, Moeson Fellowship: Kritika Agarwal, McNairy (Tenn.) and the California- Thrall, was published by Houghton Mif- State University of New York, Buffalo; based team of Otobaji Stewart and Van flin Harcourt in August 2012. Trethew- Brandi Garcia, ZoomSystems, San Fran- Nguyen-Stone received Henry Reed ey is also the author of a nonfiction cisco; Stephanie Hinnershitz, Univer- fellowships. Pitts is developing several book, Beyond Katrina: A Meditation on the sity of , College Park; Daniel projects based on an archive of folk- Mississippi Gulf Coast (2010). Majchrowicz, ; music recordings amassed by communi- Emily Rook-Koepsel, University of Okla- ty scholar Stanton Littlejohn, who doc- Swann Fellows. The Caroline and Erwin homa, Department of International and umented the musicians who came to his Swann Foundation for Caricature and Area Studies; John Wixted, State home in Tennessee between 1947 and University; Jingmin Zhang, University of Cartoon, administered by the Library of 1957. Master drummer Stewart and Maryland, College Park. Established in Congress, selected five doctoral candi- filmmaker Nguyen-Stone are producing 2005, the fellowship is made possible by dates to receive Swann Foundation fellow- a documentary film on the making of a generous donation from Florence Tan ships for the academic year 2012-2013: ritual drums in the African-based spiri- Moeson, a former Library employee who Rhae Lynn Barnes, Harvard University; tual tradition of Lucumi. retired with more than 40 years of Library Jill E. Bugajski, ; service. The purpose of the fellowship is Saddam H. Issa, University of Wisconsin; Kluge Center Scholars. Founded in 2000, to give individuals the opportunity to pur- Julia Langbein, University of Chicago; the Kluge Center attracts some of the sue research on the nations and cultures and Emilie Anne-Yvonne Luse, Duke world’s brightest minds to the Library of the East, the Southeast or South Asia University. The recipients will variously of Congress, where they pursue hu- using the Library’s collections. conduct research in the Library’s Gen- manistic and social-science research. eral, Prints and Photographs, Rare Book Kluge fellowship recipients, all of National Ambassador for Young People’s and Special Collections, and African and whom are within seven years of hav- Literature. Walter Dean Myers, five-time Middle Eastern divisions. ing received the highest advanced de- winner of the Award gree in their respective areas of study, and two Newbery Honors, was named Witter Bynner Fellowships. The 15th an- spend six to 11 months at the John W. National Ambassador for Young Peo- nual Witter Bynner poetry fellowships Kluge Center in the Library’s Thom- ple’s Literature on Jan. 3, 2012. With a were awarded to L.S. Asekoff and Sheila as Jefferson Building. In fiscal 2012, platform of “Reading is Not Optional,” Black, who read from their work on April 10 senior scholars were designated as Myers will serve in the position during 5, 2012, at the Library. Bynner was an Distinguished Chairs or Distinguished 2012 and 2013. Myers was appointed by influential poet of the early 20th century Visiting Scholars: John Witte, Cary the Librarian of Congress, based upon and the translator of the Chinese classic and Ann Maguire Chair in Ethics recommendations from a selection com- Tao Te Ching, which he named The Way of and American History; Morton Kon- mittee. The National Ambassador posi- Life, According to Laotzu.

60 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Clockwise from top left Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke takes a tour of the Library’s Great Hall with docent Fred Glave. / Television writer and producer Norman Lear (center) tours the Great Hall with members of . / From left, Lyle Lovett, Michael Feinstein, Rumer, Dionne Warwick, Diana Krall, Sheryl Crow, Stevie Wonder and Shelea sing “What the World Needs Now is Love,” at the Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Popular Song concert in the Coolidge Auditorium. / Actor LeVar Burton is filmed reading a book in the Library’s Main Reading Room for a new “Reading Rainbow” iPad app. / Nathan Dorn, the rare-book curator in the Law Library of Congress, shows collection items to former Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor and former Brazilian President Fernando Henrique Cardoso. All photos by Abby Brack Lewis

CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT 61 APPENDIX A. Library of Congress Advisory Bodies

JAMES MADISON COUNCIL Buffy Cafritz John K. Garvey MEMBERSHIP Bethesda, Maryland Wichita, Kansas H. F. (Gerry) Lenfest, Chair Lloyd E. Cotsen William and Inger Ginsberg West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania Los Angeles, California New York, New York John W. Kluge (deceased) Howard E. Cox Thomas H. Glocer Founding Chair Boston, Canary Wharf, England New York, New York Peter D. Cummings Barbara Guggenheim and Edwin L. Cox, Chair Emeritus Palm Beach Gardens, Florida Bertram H. Fields Dallas, Texas Malibu, California William and Linda Custard Leonard L. Silverstein, Treasurer Dallas, Texas Stein Erik Hagen Washington, D.C. Oslo, Norway Norma Dana James Earl and Cecilia Jones, Honorary New York, New York W. Lee Hammond Pawling, New York Washington, D.C. Nancy M. Dedman David and Rosalee McCullough, Dallas, Texas Sally Harris Honorary Great Barrington, Massachusetts Boston, Massachusetts Gina H. Despres Washington, D.C. John S. Hendricks Robert P. Gwinn (deceased), Emeritus Silver Spring, Maryland Riverside, Illinois James F. Dicke New Bremen, Ohio Roger Hertog Julienne Krasnoff, Emeritus New York, New York Glen Cove, New York Ronald and Beth Dozoretz Norfolk, Virginia Leo J. Hindery Jr. Ruth S. Altshuler New York, New York Dallas, Texas Consuelo Duroc-Danner Houston, Texas Nancy Glanville Jewell John and Teresa Amend Houston, Texas Dallas, Texas Robert H. Enslow San Francisco, California Glenn R. Jones Norma K. Asnes Centennial, Colorado New York, New York Marjorie M. Fisher Bloomfield Hills, Michigan Jerral W. Jones Roger and Julie Baskes Dallas, Texas Chicago, Illinois Marjorie S. Fisher Palm Beach, Florida Elizabeth R. Kabler Geoffrey and Rene Boisi New York, New York New York, New York J. Richard Fredericks San Francisco, California James V. Kimsey Arturo and Hilda Brillembourg Washington, D.C. Arlington, Virginia Jack and Annette Friedland Jupiter, Florida Jay I. Kislak Richard H. Brown and Mary Jo Otsea Miami, Florida New York, New York

62 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Nancy W. Knowles Sarah and , Jr. Raymond W. Smith Hinsdale, Illinois Dallas, Texas Washington, D.C.

Robert and Miryam Knutson Carol S. Price Roger A. Strauch Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Indian Wells, California Berkeley, California

David H. Koch Frederick H. Prince Michael Strunsky New York, New York Washington, D.C. San Francisco, California

H. Fred Krimendahl II Caren H. Prothro Richard E. Thompson New York, New York Dallas, Texas Washington, D.C.

Sheila C. Labrecque Audre N. Rapoport Thomas and Penelope Watkins New York, New York Waco, Texas Newton Square, Pennsylvania

Susan E. Lehrman Margaret Z. Robson Joan M. Wegner Chevy Chase, Maryland Santa Fe, New Mexico West Chicago, Illinois

Irvin and Joan Levy Robert G. Romasco Dallas, Texas Washington, D.C. THE KLUGE CENTER SCHOLARS’ COUNCIL Ira A. Lipman David M. Rubenstein The Scholars’ Council is a body of New York, New York Washington, D.C. distinguished international scholars, convened by the Librarian of Congress Lillian P. Lovelace Lady Sainsbury of Turville to advise on matters related to the Santa Barbara, California London, England Kluge Center and the Kluge Prize. The following members of the Cary M. Maguire B. Francis Saul, II Scholars’ Council were appointed by Dallas, Texas Bethesda, Maryland the Librarian of Congress, under a Thomas and Kay Martin Walter Scott Jr. separate charter appended to the Kluge Leawood, Kansas Omaha, Nebraska Center’s charter.

John J. Medveckis L. Dennis Shapiro Marie Arana , Pennsylvania Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts Writer-at-large for The Washington Post

Katy and Ken Menges Georgia Shreve Manuel Castells Dallas, Texas New York, New York Wallis Annenberg Chair in Communication Technology Edward S. Miller Raja W. Sidawi and Society at the Annenberg School Washington, D.C. New York, New York of Communication University of Southern California, Martha Hamilton Morris Albert H. Small Los Angeles Villanova, Pennsylvania Bethesda, Maryland António Rosa Damásio Nancy A. Nasher and Frederick W. Smith David Dornsife Professor of David J. Haemisegger Memphis, Tennessee Neuroscience at the University of Dallas, Texas Southern California Henry and Jane Smith Donald E. Newhouse Dallas, Texas New York, New York

APPENDIX A. Library of Congress Advisory Bodies 63 Jean Bethke Elshtain Gordon S. Wood AMERICAN BAR Laura Spelman Rockefeller Professor Alva O. Way University Professor ASSOCIATION STANDING of Social and Political Ethics in the and Professor of History at Brown COMMITTEE ON THE LAW Divinity School University LIBRARY OF CONGRESS at the University of Chicago Pauline Yu M. Elizabeth Medaglia, Chair Toyin Falola President of the American Council U.S. Department of Labor Head of the Brain and Creativity of Learned Societies Washington, D.C. Institute at the University of Southern California Tedson J. Meyers, Special Adviser WORLD DIGITAL LIBRARY Fairhope, Alabama Philip W. Gold EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Chief of Neuroendocrine Research Nicholas Allard National Institutes of Mental Health Ismail Serageldin, Chair Patton Boggs LLP Director of the Bibliotheca Washington, D.C. Hugh Heclo Alexandrina Clarence J. Robinson Professor David A. Brennen of Public Affairs at George Abdulla bin Ali Al-Thani University of Kentucky College Mason University Vice President for Education of Law Qatar Foundation Lexington, Kentucky Wm. Roger Louis Kerr Professor of English History Barbara Schneider-Kempf Phyllis Pickett and Culture and Professor of General Director North Carolina General Assembly Middle Eastern Studies at the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Raleigh, North Carolina University of Texas Mônica Rizzo Soares Pinto Lucy Thomson Margaret MacMillan Director Computer Sciences Corp. Professor of History at Oxford and National Library of Brazil Alexandria, Virginia Toronto Universities Wei Dawei Michelle Wu Mark A. Noll Deputy Director Georgetown University Law Center Francis A. McAnaney Professor National Library of Washington, D.C. of History at the University of James H. Billington, ex officio Allen C. Goolsby Notre Dame Librarian of Congress Hunton & Williams LLP Roger Searle Richmond, Virginia Janis Karklins, ex officio Professor of Philosophy at the UNESCO Assistant Director- David S. Mao University of California at Berkeley General for Communication and Law Librarian of Congress William Julius Wilson Information Lewis P. and Linda L. Geyser American Bar Association Staff University Professor at Harvard Amy Horton-Newell University’s John F. Kennedy School Director of Government Ken Goldsmith John Witte Jr. Legislative Counsel Professor of Law at Emory University

64 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress AMERICAN FOLKLIFE CENTER Donald Scott NATIONAL FILM BOARD OF TRUSTEES Brigadier General, U.S. Army (ret.) PRESERVATION BOARD Former Deputy Librarian Congressional Appointees Academy of Motion Picture Arts C. Kurt Dewhurst, Chair of Congress Henderson, Nevada and Sciences Director Member: Sid Ganis Michigan State University Museum Alternate: Martha Coolidge East Lansing, Michigan Ex Officio James H. Billington Alliance of Motion Picture and Patricia Atkinson Librarian of Congress Television Producers Folklife Program Coordinator Washington, D.C. Member: Carol Lombardini Nevada Arts Council Alternate: Tracy Cahill Carson City, Nevada Harris M. Berger Society for Ethnomusicology American Film Institute Jean M. Dorton Washington, D.C. Member: John Ptak Paintsville, Kentucky Alternate: Cecilia DeMille Presley G. Wayne Clough Joanna Hess Secretary American Society of Santa Fe, New Mexico Smithsonian Institution Cinematographers and International Washington, D.C. Photographers Guild Margaret Z. Robson Member: Caleb Deschanel Santa Fe, New Mexico Diane Goldstein Alternate: John Bailey President Presidential Appointees American Folklore Society Association of Moving Image Archivists Susan Hildreth Bloomington, Indiana Member: Tom Regal Director Alternate: Wendy Shay Institute of Museum and Rocco Landesman Library Services Chairman Department of Film and Television Washington, D.C. National Endowment for the Arts of the School of Theater, Film Washington, D.C. and Television at the University of Robert Stanton California, Los Angeles Jim A. Leach Department of the Interior Member: Bob Rosen Chairman Washington, D.C. Alternate: Jan-Christopher Horak National Endowment for the Humanities Librarian’s Appointees Department of Film and Television of Washington, D.C. Maribel Alvarez the Tisch School of the Arts at Professor of English Betsy Peterson Member: Antonia Lant University of Arizona Director Alternate: Dan Streible Tucson, Arizona American Folklife Center Library of Congress Directors Guild of America Washington, D.C. Sirius XM Radio Member: Washington, D.C. Alternate: Curtis Hanson Emerita Thomas S. Rankin Judith McCulloh Motion Picture Association of America Executive Director Urbana, Illinois Member: Robert Pisano Center for Documentary Studies Alternate: Greg Frazier Durham, North Carolina National Association of Theater Owners Member: Ted Pedas Alternate: Patrick Corcoran

APPENDIX A. Library of Congress Advisory Bodies 65 National Society of Film Critics NATIONAL FILM Foundation Staff Member: David Kehr PRESERVATION Annette Melville Alternate: David Sterritt FOUNDATION BOARD Director

Screen Guild Roger Mayer, Board Chair and President Jeff Lambert Member: Richard Masur Assistant Director Alternate: Valerie Yaros Cecilia DeMille Presley, Vice Chair Trustee, Cecil B. DeMille Foundation Rebecca Payne Collins Society for Cinema and Media Studies Office Manager Member: Matthew Bernstein Julia Argyros Alternate: Jennifer Horne David Wells Hawk Koch Programs Manager Society of Composers and Lyricists Member: Alan Bergman Ihsan Amanatullah Leonard Maltin Alternate: Ray Colcord Programs Assistant Film Critic/Historian United States Members of the Scott M. Martin International Federation of NATIONAL RECORDING Executive Vice President, Film Archives PRESERVATION BOARD Intellectual Property Member: Susan Oxtoby Paramount Pictures American Federation of Musicians Alternate: Rajendra Roy Member: vacant John Ptak University Film and Video Association Alternate: vacant Arsenal Agency Member: Ben Levin American Folklore Society Alternate: Simon Tarr Robert G. Rehme Member: Burt Feintuch President Writers Guild of America Alternate: Timothy Lloyd Rehme Productions East Member: Richard Wesley American Musicological Society West Alternate: Vacant Eric Schwartz Member: Mark Katz Mitchell, Silverberg & Knupp LLP Alternate: José Antonio Bowen At-large Member: Grover Crisp Martin Scorsese American Society of Composers, Alternate: Roger Mayer Filmmaker and President Authors and Publishers The Film Foundation Member: Sue Drew Member: Hanay Geigamah Alternate: Loretta Munoz Alternate: Schawn Belston Paula Wagner Film Producer Association for Recorded Sound Member: Alfre Woodard Chestnut Ridge Productions Collections Alternate: Caroline Frick Member: David Seubert Alfre Woodard Alternate: Bill Klinger Member: Bruce Goldstein Actress, Producer Alternate: Charles Ramirez Berg Audio Engineering Society Ex Officio Member: George Massenburg Member: Leonard Maltin James H. Billington Alternate: Elizabeth Cohen Alternate: Jacqueline Stewart Librarian of Congress Broadcast Music, Incorporated Pro Bono Counsel Member: Del Bryant Eric Schwartz Alternate: Robbin Ahrold Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP

66 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Foundation At-large Member: Kyle Young Member: Michael Feinstein Musician and Producer Alternate: Alan Stoker Alternate: Vacant Davia Nelson Digital Media Association Member: Sandy Pearlman Producer and member of The Member: Lee Knife Alternate: Christopher Sterling Kitchen Sisters Alternate: Gregory Alan Barnes Member: Brenda Nelson-Strauss Ex Officio Association Alternate: William Ivey James H. Billington Member: James Farrington Librarian of Congress Alternate: Philip Vandermeer Member: Bob Santelli Alternate: Jay Carr National Academy of Recording Arts Foundation Staff and Sciences Member: Eric Schwartz Gerald Seligman Member: Kristen Madsen Alternate: John Simson Executive Director Alternate: Maureen Droney Kenneth Silverman National Archives and Records NATIONAL RECORDING Office Counsel Administration PRESERVATION Member: Daniel Rooney FOUNDATION BOARD Alternate: Tom Nastick Charter Members National Association of Recording T. Bone Burnett Merchandisers Musician and Producer Member: Rachelle Friedman Bruce Lundvall Alternate: Jim Donio President and CEO of Blue Note Recording Industry Association Label Group of America George Massenburg Member: David Hughes Producer, Engineer and Designer Alternate: Patrick Kraus Ricky Minor SESAC “Tonight Show” Bandleader Member: Shannan Tipton-Hatch Alternate: Justin Levenson Jonathan Poneman Music executive and co-founder of Society for Ethnomusicology Sub Pop Records Member: Jon Kertzer Alternate: Alan Burdette Bob Santelli Executive Director, Grammy Songwriters Hall of Fame Museum Member: Vacant Alternate: Oscar Brand John L. Simson Past Executive Director, SoundExchange

APPENDIX A. Library of Congress Advisory Bodies 67 APPENDIX B. Publications

Gardens for a Beautiful America, 1895– The Nation’s Library, by Alan Bisbort, Seeing the World Anew: The Radical Vision 1935, by Sam Watters. Published by Linda B. Osborne and Sharon M. of Martin Waldseemüller’s 1507 & 1516 Acanthus Press in association with the Hannon. This updated version of the World Maps, by John W. Hessler and Library of Congress. 2000 edition was published by Scala Chet Van Duzer. Published by Leveng- Publishers in association with the er Press in association with the Library Miles to Go for Freedom: Segregation and Civil Library of Congress. of Congress. Rights in the Jim Crow Era, by Linda B. Osborne. Published by Abrams Books in Perspectives on the Hebraic Book: The To Know Wisdom and Instruction: A Visual association with the Library of Congress. Myron M. Weinstein Memorial Lectures at Survey of the Armenian Literary Tradition the Library of Congress. Published by the from the Library of Congress, compiled Library of Congress. by Levon Avdoyan. Published by the Library of Congress. Presidential Campaign Posters, with an in- troduction by Brooke Gladstone. Pub- lished by Quirk Books in association with the Library of Congress.

68 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress 2012 Calendars Movie Posters: Celebrating the America By Rail: Drawn from the National Film Registry of the Library Library’s collections, the 12 posters of Congress and the Library’s eclectic in this wall calendar—works of art film and film-poster collection, this col- as well as advertisements—celebrate orful wall calendar features 12 iconic the romance of exploring America’s films selected by the Library of Con- seashores, deserts, plains and moun- gress as milestones of the medium. tains by rail. (In cooperation with Proceeds from the sale of this calendar Pomegranate Press) go to fund the Library’s continued ef- forts to preserve America’s cinematic Black History 2012: Discovery legacy. (In cooperation with Universe/ and Reflection: This engagement Rizzoli) calendar celebrates the development of black culture worldwide. Forty- Shakespeare’s Insults: This 365-day eight images, including artworks calendar presents 313 brief but blistering and photographs from the Library excerpts from Shakespeare’s plays (week- of Congress, highlight the achieve- ends receive a single barb). Each pas- ments of notable individuals and sage is accompanied by an explanation groups; each image is accompanied of who is insulting whom and why, and by informative text. (In cooperation explanations of words no longer familiar. with Pomegranate Press) (In cooperation with Pomegranate Press)

A Journey into 365 Days of Wizard of Oz: Since its publication Black History: Illustrated with im- in 1900, L. Frank Baum’s The Wonder- ages from the Library’s collections, ful Wizard of Oz has become America’s this wall calendar provides short bi- greatest homegrown fairy tale. This en- ographies of 12 pioneering achiev- gagement calendar collects all the origi- ers and lists an important birthdate nal book’s full-color plates—faithfully re- or milestone in black history for each produced from the Library’s first-edition day of the year. (In cooperation with copy—and dozens of illustrated pages. Pomegranate Press) (In cooperation with Universe/Rizzoli)

APPENDIX B. Publications 69 APPENDIX C: Selected Acquisitions

The African and Middle Eastern Divi- The Geography and Map Division, tion, and U.S. Federal Judge Harry T. sion acquired a rare, complete run of with support from the Madison Coun- Edwards. With support from the Madi- Al-Amal (1923–1924), an Iraqi literary cil, acquired the first Russian celestial son Council, the division purchased a newspaper, purchased by the Library’s atlas (Sozviezdiia predstavlennyia na XXX seven-page hand-written letter from Cairo office. The division also - pur tablitsakh), developed by Kornelius first lady Mary Todd Lincoln to her chased the Muhammad al-Tahir Col- Khristianovich in St. Petersburg in friend, Julia Ann Sprigg. Dated May 29, lection, comprised of photographs, 1829. The division also acquired a 1862, the letter expressed the first lady’s letters, articles and ephemera docu- rare map of Virginia, by Herman profound grief over the loss of her son, menting the life of the Palestinian Boyce (Philadelphia, 1827), with funds Willie, from typhoid. journalist and intellectual. The collec- provided by Phillips Society member tion also documents the geopolitical, William Wooldridge and Norfolk South- The Motion Picture, Broadcasting and religious and cultural issues confront- ern Corp. The division also purchased Recorded Sound Division acquired the ing the Arab World from the 1920s to digital files containing large-scale maps of Sports Byline Collection, comprised of the 1980s. The Islamabad Office ac- Myanmar and city plans of 232 Chinese more than 4,300 interviews with sports quired the 2006, 2008 and 2010 issues cities produced by the Russian military. figures that were recorded for radio of the Pakistan Army Green Book. broadcast from 1988 through 2004. The The Hispanic Division purchased a pic- division also acquired additions to the The American Folklife Center pur- torial portfolio of the village churches /Sylvia Fine Collection, in- chased the John Cohen Collection, of Santiago de Guatemala (1524–1773), cluding a nearly complete set of Kaye’s comprised of manuscripts, sound re- printed on fine paper and housed in a 1945-1946 CBS radio show; and the cordings, graphic images and moving sheepskin clamshell container. Packard Humanities Institute Collection images relating to Cohen’s career as a (formerly the AFI/Smalarz Collection), musician, filmmaker, photographer, au- The Law Library acquired Speculum approximately 400 reels on varied sub- thor, producer and artist from the 1950s Conjugiorum, printed in Mexico in 1556 jects, purchased for the Library by David to the present. by Juan Pablos, believed to be the first Packard and the Packard Humanities printer in the Americas. It is one of the Institute. The collection of retired music The Asian Division received the per- first books of significant scale to be pub- executive Joe Smith was donated to the sonal papers and reports of Jonathan lished in the Western Hemisphere and division during the year. While president Addleton, U.S. Ambassador to Mon- represents the earliest imprint in the of Capitol Records/EMI, Smith record- golia (2009–2012) as a gift. The divi- Law Library’s collections from this pe- ed 238 hours of interviews with music sion purchased Washi Sokan: Nihon no riod of New World printing. In addition industry icons. These candid and un- Kokoro: The soul of Japan, fine Japanese to the work’s bibliographic value, it con- abridged interviews have been digitized paper in the second millennium, vols. 1–12. tains a vast amount of historical infor- by the Library and will be streamed on This set of publications offers an over- mation about law, and the customs and the Library’s website. view and incorporates samples of social lives of native Mexicans in the washi papers, providing an in-depth 16th century, including marriage rites The Music Division acquired the papers appreciation of the varieties and tech- and information about intermarriage of composer George Crumb (1929-), niques of washi, handmade Japanese between Spaniards and Indians. dancer and choreographer Pearl Lang paper that was first developed in the (1921–2009) and playwright/direc- 7th century. The Manuscript Division acquired tor Arthur Laurents (1918–2011). The the papers of former Speaker of the Music Division and the Motion Picture, The European Division acquired 649 House , astronomer Carl Broadcasting and Recorded Sound serials and 122 monographs in minor- Sagan (1934–1996) and actor/director Division purchased jointly the papers ity languages, published in the former Lee Strasberg (1901–1982). The divi- of percussionist and bandleader Max Yugoslav republics, in the languages sion also acquired the papers of Edwin Roach (1924–2007). The Music Divi- Greek, Hungarian, Romanian, Russian J. Feulner, founding trustee and long- sion also purchased a George Gershwin and Slovak. time president of the Heritage Founda- holograph of his first draft of “Nice

70 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Work If You Can Get It.” A portion schools at Howard University, helped of this manuscript had been separated to establish the National Association decades ago from -vocal score, for the Advancement of Colored Peo- which the Library holds, thus bring- ple and photographically documented ing the complete work back together. Washington, D.C. events. The division purchased at auction a copy of “Of Thee I Sing,” inscribed The Rare Book and Special Collections by George Gershwin and Ira Gershwin Division acquired Introductio in Ptholomei with self caricatures. The division pur- Cosmogtaphiam cum longitudinibus et latitu- chased Samuel Barber’s holograph of dunibus regionum (Jan Strobniza, Cracow, Overture for the School of Scandal, a work 1512). Strobniza was one of the few that established his reputation as an cartographers to see the original 1507 important American voice. This is an Waldseemüller map of the world now addition to the division’s rich holdings among the Library’s treasures, and his of Barber manuscripts. observations advance our understand- ing of the map’s significance. The The Prints and Photographs Divi- Madison Council funded the division’s sion received the donation of the acquisition of the 40-volume set of photographic archives of Congressional Rudolph Ackermann’s Repository of the Quarterly and Roll Call, the news ser- Arts (1809–1829). The division acquired vices that merged in 2009. This do- a Latin version of Sur la Figure de la Terre, nation is comprised of some 250,000 written by the 18th-century French photographs from the 1980s through mathematician and philosopher Pierre- 1990s that show Congress at work and Louis Moreau de Maupertuis. The behind-the-scenes. A Madison Council item, which had originally belonged member gave the Library a set of pho- to Thomas Jefferson, was donated by tographs by Andrew Borowiec, depict- the U.S. Naval Observatory to aid the ing Mingo Junction and Vanceburg, Ky. Library in its effort to reconstruct The division also received the Ameri- Jefferson’s library. can Institute of Architects and Ameri- can Architectural Foundation Collec- The Serial and Government Publica- tion (AIA/ AAF), consisting of rare and tions Division purchased at auction significant architectural drawings, pho- rare issues of historic newspapers from tographs and illustrated publications. the Civil War era that include cover- The AIA and AAF agreed in 2009 to age of the first Vicksburg campaign transfer their collections to the Library, and the Battle of Gettysburg from a with the National Building Museum Southern perspective. The division as the collection’s exhibition partner. also purchased two issues of Cap- The division’s acquisition of the Mc- tain America Comics and one of Eerie, Neill Collection provides a remarkable the first horror comic book that was record of nearly 200 years of African- not a crossover from pulp magazines, American leadership from a single fam- radio shows or movies. The division ily. Comprised of some 10,000 items, licensed perpetual access to the Sunday the collection dates from African- Times, 1821–2006 (London) electronic American abolitionist preachers in the resource. This resource complements 1840s through their 20th-century de- the division’s holdings, which include scendants, who developed professional the Times of London.

APPENDIX C. Selected Acquisitions 71 APPENDIX D. Exhibitions

Library of Congress exhibitions can be viewed online at www.loc.gov/exhibits/.

NEW EXHIBITIONS To Know Wisdom and Instruction: The Armenian Politics and the Dancing Body Literary Tradition at the Library of Congress Feb. 16, 2012–July 28, 2012 April 19, 2012–Sept. 26, 2012

On display in the Performing Arts To Know Wisdom and Instruction On display in the South Gallery of the Politics The Armenian Literary Tradition Reading Room foyer, this exhibition at the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building, this exhibi- and the explored how American choreogra- tion commemorated the 500th anni- phers from World War I through the versary of the first Armenian printing dancing used dance to celebrate press and book at Venice in 1512 and the American culture, to voice social protest and to raise social designation of Yerevan, Armenia, as the United Nations Educa- consciousness.Body Featuring materials drawn mostly from the tional, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s Book Capital of the Music Division’s dance, music, theater and design collections, World 2012. The exhibition featured the Library’s African and the exhibition demonstrated how dance was integral to the Middle Eastern Division’s collection of Armenian manuscripts, 20th-century American cultural and political landscape. The fabrics and printed books, as well as items from some other

politicsanddance_EXTERIORFILM_MECH.indd 1 1/3/12 10:19 AM

exhibition also examined how the U.S. government employed LibraryA Library divisions. of Congress Exhibition Works ranged from 14th- and 15th-century Thomas Jefferson Building | April 19–September 26, 2012 dance as a vehicle for cultural diplomacy and to counter anti- gospel books—hand-copied by monks—to 19th-century works American sentiment. Following its closing at the Library on on palmistry, fire-fighting and cotton production, and the first July 28, 2012, the exhibition opened in the Library of Con- modern Armenian novel. Many of the items were religious in na- gress/Ira Gershwin Gallery at the Walt Disney Concert Hall ture. Twentieth-century publications included a finely illustrated in Los Angeles, Calif. on Aug. 25, 2012. 1962 Soviet edition of the Armenian national epic poem, “Da- vid of Sasun,” as well as publications from the third Armenian Sakura: Cherry Blossoms as Living Symbols Republic, established in 1991 after the fall of the . of Friendship March 20, 2012–Sept. 15, 2012 Books That Shaped America

Sakura In 1912, the nation of Japan made a gift June 25, 2012–Sept. 29, 2012 ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ of 3,000 cherry blossom trees (sakura) Books ThaT The Library of Congress began its to the U.S. capital city of Washington, shaped america multi-year “Celebration of the Book” D.C. to express the longstanding friend- with an exhibition, Books That Shaped

ship that existed between Japan and the America. On display in the South- United States. This exhibition about sakura offered an opportu- west Gallery of the Thomas Jefferson nity to deepen understanding of Japanese culture while celebrat- Building, the exhibition marked a starting point for a national ing the cherry blossoms as symbols of the enduring friendship be- conversation on books and their importance in Americans’ lives, Cherry Blossoms as Living tweenSymbols the of people Friendship of the two countries. On display in the Graphic and their role in shaping the nation. The 88 titles featured in the

A Library of Congress Exhibition Arts MarchGallery 20, 2012–September in 15, 2012 the Thomas Jefferson Building, this exhibition co- exhibition (all by American authors) have had a profound effect Graphics Arts Galleries The Library of Congress incided with the city-wide centennial celebration of the 1912 gift. on AmericanThomas Jefferson Building life, but they are by no means the only ones. June 25 ~ September 29, 2012

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72 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress The Musical Worlds of Victor Herbert CONTINUING EXHIBITIONS Aug. 16, 2012–Jan. 26, 2013 Creating the United States On display in the Performing Arts Read- This exhibition demonstrated that ing Room foyer, this exhibition explores the the Declaration of Independence, work of Victor Herbert (1859–1924), Irish- the U.S. Constitution and the Bill American composer, conductor and activist, of Rights are living instruments whose best-known work is Babes in Toyland that are central to the evolution of (1903). The grandfather of the American musical theater, he was the United States. Through a display of treasured items also the founder of the American Society of Composers, Authors drawn from the Library’s rich collections from the time and Publishers, the organization that works to ensure music creators of the founders to the present, the exhibition offered are fairly compensated for the public performance of their works. a remarkable opportunity to learn in a fresh, new way how the nation’s founding documents were forged out Down to Earth: Herblock and Photographers Observe the of insight, invention and creativity, as well as collabora- Environment tion and compromise. Between its opening in April 2008 Sept. 22, 2012–March 29, 2013 through its closure on May 5, 2012, Creating the United The Library of Congress is a rich resource States was viewed by approximately 2 million visitors. Down to Earth Herblock and Photographers Observe the Environment of editorial cartoons and photography recording social and scientific issues, such Exploring the Early Americas: as the protection of the environment. The The Jay I. Kislak Collection inspiration for Down to Earth comes from This exhibition features selections editorial cartoonist Herbert L. Block (Herblock) and his long- from more than 3,000 rare maps, standing support for protecting the environment. On display in the documents, paintings, prints and Graphic Arts Gallery, Down to Earth features compelling composi- artifacts that comprise the Jay I. tions intended to provoke reaction and inspire change. The juxta- Kislak Collection at the Library of positionSeptember 22, 2012 ~of March photography 23, 2013 and cartooning, whether through the pho- Congress. The exhibition offers insight into Native Ameri- Graphic Arts Galleries tographer’s eye or Herblock’s hand, reveals the artists’ concern and can cultures, the dramatic first encounters between Native

DownEarth_KioskPoster_cs4.indd 1 9/19/12 9:42 PM passion for the environment. Americans and European explorers and settlers, and the pivotal changes caused by the meeting of the American TRAVELING EXHIBITIONS and European worlds. The Kislak exhibition features two I Love Lucy: An American Legend extraordinary maps by Martin Waldseemüller—a 1507 Feb. 25, 2012–Aug. 18, 2012 world map that uses the word “America” for the first time, To celebrate the 60th anniversary of the and a marine chart made in 1516 that depicts a European debut of the classic television show and view of the world enlarged by the presence of the West- the centenary of Lucille Ball’s birth, this ern Hemisphere. In January 2011, David M. Rubenstein exhibition explored the I Love Lucy show’s placed in the Library’s stewardship for a period of five history through the Lucille Ball and years Abel Buell’s A New and Correct Map of the United States Desi Arnaz family scrapbooks, as well as photographs, scripts, of North America Layd Down from the Latest Observations and printed and manuscript music and other documents from the Best Authorities Agreeable to the Peace of 1783. It is the first Library’s collections. Featured items in the exhibition included map of the new American nation to be printed and pub- a manuscript drum part for “Babalu” from the 1940s and early lished in America. It was created shortly after the close of scrapbook photographs of the young Arnaz and Ball in Holly- the Revolutionary War. The original, which was displayed wood. Also on view were items from the Jess Oppenheimer (the briefly in March 2011, was later replaced with a facsimile show’s producer) Collection, including a copy of the original copy. A state-of-the-art display case will be constructed by concept and receipt for copyright registration for I Love Lucy the Library in collaboration with the National Institute for (1951). Clips from the show’s most notable episodes were also Standards and Technology to allow the original to be on featured in the exhibition. continuous public view.

APPENDIX D. Exhibitions 73 Thomas Jefferson’s Library in Los Angeles. On display in the gallery, Hope for America: When Thomas Jefferson sold his per- Performers, Politics & Pop Culture examines the interplay of sonal library to Congress in 1815 to re- politics and entertainment in American public life. An in- place volumes destroyed in a fire set by troductory video and interactive exhibit stations that dis- the British during the War of 1812, it play film and television clips, along with sound recordings, was the largest private book collection enliven the gallery experience. in North America. In this reconstruction of Jefferson’s library, the books have been arranged in his modified version of an Gershwin Room organizational system created by British philosopher Francis The Gershwin Room in the Thomas Bacon (1561–1626). Divided into categories of “Memory,” Jefferson Building is dedicated to dis- “Reason” and “Imagination”—that Jefferson translated to playing selected items from the Library’s “History,” “Philosophy” and “Fine Arts”—the collection dem- Gershwin Collection, the world’s preemi- onstrates the span of Jefferson’s multi-faceted interests, which nent resource for the documentary legacy continue to inform the Library’s collecting strategy. of George and Ira Gershwin. Rare objects from the Gershwin Collection, which is housed in the Library’s Music Division, are The Library of Congress Bible Collection periodically rotated into the continuing exhibition titled Here to On display in the Great Hall of the Stay: The Legacy of George and Ira Gershwin. Among the items to be Library of Congress, the Giant Bible seen in the exhibition in 2011 were the Porgy and Bess printed-vocal of Mainz signifies the end of the hand- piano score used and annotated by Rosamond Johnson, who was written book while the Gutenberg Bible in the original cast in 1935; rare snapshots of George Gershwin; marks the beginning of the printed book and Ira Gershwin’s drafts of some of his most famous song lyrics. and the explosion of knowledge and creativity the use of mov- able type engendered. This exhibition explores the significance Graphic Arts Galleries of the two 15th-century Bibles and, through interactive presen- The Library’s three Graphic Arts Galleries in the Thomas tations, examines the relationship between the Mainz Bible and Jefferson Building feature cartoon collections and offer visitors the Gutenberg Bible and 16 selected bibles from the Library’s a rich sampling of caricatures, comic strips, political drawings, collections. artwork created for magazines and graphic-novel illustrations.

Art and Architecture of the Jefferson Building The Herblock Gallery celebrates the When its doors opened to the public in work of editorial cartoonist Herbert 1897, the Library of Congress repre- L. Block with an ongoing display of sented an unparalleled national achieve- 10 original drawings, selected from ment. At interactive stations installed on the Library’s extensive Herbert L. the mezzanine of the Great Hall of the Block Collection. Herblock Looks at 1962: Fifty Years Ago Today in Thomas Jefferson Building, visitors can experience as never be- Editorial Cartoons opened on March 20, 2012, and remained on fore its elaborately decorated interior, embellished by works of display through Sept. 30. art from nearly 50 American artists. These stations offer a pan- oramic view of the Great Hall from the north, south and east The Swann Gallery introduces visi- sides of the building. At these stations, visitors can select archi- tors to the quality and variety of the tectural elements, zoom in to view details and learn more about Library’s cartoon collections through a the significance of the iconography of the magnificent building. permanent memorial exhibition featur- ing 15 facsimiles of seminal cartoons. Gallery of American Entertainment The diverse selection includes caricatures, political cartoons, The Bob Hope Gallery of American comics, animation art, graphic novels and illustrations that are Entertainment features items from suggestive of the Library’s rich cartoon holdings. the Library’s Bob Hope Collection; objects from the rich and varied col- A third gallery offers a changing-exhibition program that lections of various Library divisions showcases the graphic arts collections in the Prints and Photo- and objects borrowed from the Bob Hope Archives, located graphs Division. (See New Exhibitions.)

74 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables

Table 1. Library of Congress Appropriations Available for Obligation—Fiscal 2012 1 Library of Congress, Salaries and Expenses $420,093,000 Congressional Research Service 106,790,000 Copyright Office 51,650,000 Books for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 50,674,000 Total $629,207,000 1 The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2012 (Public Law 112-74), signed by the President on Dec. 23, 2011, provided a fiscal 2012 appropriation for the Library of $629.207 million, including authority to spend up to $41.863 million in offsetting collections. The Library operated under five continuing resolutions from Oct. 1, 2011, until Dec. 23, 2011.

Table 2. Library of Congress Appropriations Available for Obligation – Fiscal 2013 1 Library of Congress, Salaries and Expenses $422,625,108 Congressional Research Service 107,443,552 Copyright Office 51,748,759 Books for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 50,984,120 Total $632,801,539 1 The Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2013 (Public Law 112-175), signed by the President on Sept. 28, 2012, provided a fiscal 2013 appropriation for the Library of $632.802 million, including authority to spend up to $39.961 million in offsetting collections.

APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables 75 Table 3. Financial Statistics: position. The Library’s assets as of the years ended Sept. 30, 2012, and Summary Statement Sept. 30, 2012, and 2011 total $527.6 2011, respectively. The independent firm of Clifton- million dollars, and $554.7 million LarsonAllen was retained by the Office dollars, respectively. ■ The Condensed Statements of of the Inspector General to audit the Budgetary Resources provide Library of Congress fiscal year 2012 ■ The Condensed Statements of Net users with information about how financial statements. Costs provide users with information budgetary resources were made about the net costs for the Library’s available as well as their status at the A condensed version of the Library six programs. Net costs include allo- end of the fiscal year. For the fiscal of Congress Financial Statements for cated management support costs. For years ended Sept. 30, 2012, and 2011, Fiscal Year 2012 and Fiscal Year 2011 the fiscal years ended Sept. 30, 2012, the Library’s budgetary resources follows, including the four principal and 2011, the net cost of the Library’s were $859.5 million and $900.1 financial statements: the Condensed six programs was $762.3 million and million, respectively. Balance Sheets, the Condensed State- $778.0 million, respectively. ments of Net Costs, the Condensed For the 16th consecutive year, the Statements of Changes in Net Posi- ■ The Condensed Statements of Library achieved an unqualified tion, and the Condensed Statements of Changes in Net Position provide users (“clean”) opinion on its financial Budgetary Resources. with information about the Library’s statements. The Library’s audited financing sources and the components financial statements (including ■ The Condensed Balance Sheets pro- of the changes in net position. The financial statement notes and auditor’s vide users with information about Library’s financing sources totaled report) can be found at www.loc.gov/ the Library’s assets, liabilities and net $764.6 million and $768.4 million for about/reports/financials/.

The Library of Congress Condensed Balance Sheets As of Sept. 30, 2012, and 2011 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) 2012 2011 Assets Intragovernmental Assets $365,556 $394,641 Pledges Receivable-Donations 5,614 10,162 Investments 90,441 80,583 Property and Equipment, Net 62,485 67,924 Other Assets 3,530 1,376 Total Assets $527,626 $554,686 Liabilities Intragovernmental liabilities $43,147 $40,304 Accounts Payable and Accrued Funded Payroll, Benefits 77,964 79,138 Deposit Account Liability 6,783 6,473 Accrued Unfunded Liabilities 33,179 33,873 Other Liabilities 4,719 4,309 Total Liabilities $165,792 $164,097 Net Position Unexpended Appropriations $151,519 $182,590 Cumulative Results of Operations 210,315 207,999 Total Net Position $361,834 $390,589 Total Liabilities and Net Position $527,626 $554,686

76 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress The Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Net Costs For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2012, and 2011 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) 2012 2011 Net Costs by Program Area: National Library $465,993 $472,964 Law Library 25,377 25,130 Copyright Office 46,125 43,469 Congressional Research Service 136,185 141,330 National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 70,718 80,560 Revolving and Reimbursable Funds 17,916 14,548 Net Costs of Operations $762,314 $778,001

The Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Changes in Net Position For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2012, and 2011 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) 2012 Consolidated 2011 Consolidated Total Total Cumulative Results of Operations: Beginning Balances $207,999 $217,612 Budgetary Financing Sources Appropriations Used 612,482 637,325 Donations-Cash or securities 8,014 4,235 Other 2,680 3,155 Other Financing Sources (Non-Exchange) Donations-Property and Services 27,186 25,189 Imputed Financing 102,121 101,509 Other 12,147 (3,025) Total Financing Sources 764,630 768,388 Net Cost of Operations (762,314) (778,001) Cumulative Results of Operations, Ending $210,315 $207,999 Unexpended Appropriations: Beginning Balances $182,590 $199,250 Budgetary Financing Resources Appropriations Received 587,344 629,936 Appropriation transferred and Other Adjustments (5,933) (9,271) Appropriations Used (612,482) (637,325) Total Budgetary Financing Sources (31,071) (16,660) Unexpended Appropriations, Ending 151,519 182,590 Net Position, Ending $361,834 $390,589

APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables 77 The Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Budgetary Resources For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2012, and 2011 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) 2012 2011 Budgetary Resources Unobligated Balances, brought Forward, October 1 $99,707 $90,070 Recoveries of prior year obligations 16,338 21,667 Budgetary Authority Appropriation 606,063 652,515 Spending Authority from offsetting collections 143,520 144,057 Other (6,158) (8,243) Total Budgetary Resources $859,470 $900,066 Status of Budgetary Resources Obligations Incurred $769,405 $800,359 Unobligated Balance 90,065 99,707 Total Status of Budgetary Resources $859,470 $900,066 Change in Obligated Balance: Total net unpaid obligated balance, brought Forward, October 1 $263,698 $285,956 Obligations incurred (net) 769,405 800,359 : Outlays, recoveries and change in uncollected payments (795,719) (822,617) Total unpaid obligated balance, net, end of period 237,384 263,698 Net Outlays: Gross Outlays 773,627 798,985 Less: Offsetting Collection and offsetting receipts (138,092) (142,308) Net Outlays $635,535 $656,677

78 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Table 4. Additions to the Collections: Items, Fiscal 2012 Print Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY12 Class A (General Works) 1,209 0 448,967 Class B-BJ (Philosophy) 17,438 0 437,786 Class BL-BX (Religion) 33,028 0 975,315 Class C (History, Auxiliary Sciences) 4,838 0 312,053 Class D (History except American) 52,311 0 1,714,378 Class E (American History) 4,928 0 322,684 Class F (American History) 10,322 0 548,229 Class G (Geography, Anthropology) 16,360 0 744,217 Class H (Social Sciences) 62,906 0 3,416,411 Class J (Political Science) 12,505 0 909,864 Class K and LAW (Law) 22,766 0 2,845,645 Class L (Education) 10,885 0 614,095 Class M (Music) 9,120 0 813,848 Class N (Fine Arts) 23,462 0 789,384 Class P (Language and Literature) 141,660 0 3,341,096 Class Q (Science) 28,583 0 1,372,380 Class R (Medicine) 14,659 0 626,766 Class S (Agriculture) 6,146 0 482,520 Class T (Technology) 27,659 0 1,533,831 Class U (Military Science) 4,086 0 237,366 Class V (Naval Science) 1,030 0 116,174 Class Z (Bibliography) 4,223 0 673,082 Total Classified Collections 510,124 0 23,276,091 added Other Print Materials or Products Books in Large Type 0 0 8,684 Books in Raised Characters 0 0 81,539 Incunabula 0 0 5,710 Minimal-Level Cataloging (Monographs and Serials) 40,133 0 1,141,126 Newspapers (Bound) 6,115 0 37,000 Pamphlets 0 0 272,129 Technical Reports 50,467 0 1,724,457 Other 779,207 0 9,368,128 Total Other Print Materials 875,922 0 12,638,773 Total Print Collections 1,386,046 0 35,914,864

APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables 79 (Table 4 continued)

Other Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY12 Audio Materials 48,106 7,141 3,420,599 Talking Books1 0 0 69,048 Manuscripts 1,484,550 0 68,118,899 Maps 43,654 12,204 5,478,123 Microforms 119,413 0 16,746,497 Music 134,425 0 6,589,199 Visual Materials Moving Images 39,145 43 1,354,126 Photographs (negatives, prints, and slides) 293,423 0 13,640,325 Posters 425 0 104,270 Prints and Drawings 4,396 0 605,547 Other (broadsides, photocopies, non-pictorial material, etc.) 36,281 0 1,349,451 Machine-Readable Material 1,048 0 1,966,354 Total Other Collections 2,204,866 19,388 119,442,438 Total (items) 3,590,912 19,388 155,357,302 1 Not counted in general category of Audio Materials

80 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Table 5. Additions to the Collections: Titles, Fiscal 2012 Print Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY12 Classified Collections Class A (General Works) 633 0 96,566 Class B-BJ (Philosophy) 9,130 0 261,375 Class BL-BX (Religion) 16,894 0 711,587 Class C (History, Auxiliary Sciences) 2,533 0 156,043 Class D (History except American) 27,388 0 1,192,439 Class E (American History) 2,464 0 162,472 Class F (American History) 5,161 0 314,591 Class G (Geography, Anthropology) 13,088 0 658,298 Class H (Social Sciences) 32,935 0 1,786,635 Class J (Political Science) 6,547 0 349,057 Class K and LAW (Law) 18,213 0 928,679 Class L (Education) 5,699 0 317,107 Class M (Music) 6,124 0 528,793 Class N (Fine Arts) 12,284 0 491,327 Class P (Language and Literature) 62,920 0 2,718,457 Class Q (Science) 14,965 0 761,893 Class R (Medicine) 7,675 0 367,471 Class S (Agriculture) 3,218 0 238,467 Class T (Technology) 14,481 0 804,542 Class U (Military Science) 2,043 0 99,381 Class V (Naval Science) 515 0 42,677 Class Z (Bibliography) 2,211 0 253,926 Total Classified Collections 267,121 0 13,241,783

Table 6. Unprocessed Arrearages Percentage Total Items in Arrearage1 FY12 FY11 Change Change Machine-Readable 442 442 0 0 Manuscripts 15,372,636 14,844,143 528,493 3.6 Moving Images 325,287 310,890 14,397 4.6 Music 2,876,916 2,920,408 (43,492) (1.5) Sound Recordings 1,029,662 1,016,895 12,767 1.25 Total 19,604,943 19,092,778 512,165 2.7 1 Print material, maps, pictorial materials and rare books are no longer considered arrearage. Remaining work on hand will be processed by regular staff, not as part of arrearage reduction.

APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables 81 Table 7. Cataloging Workload FY12 FY11 New Full-level Catalog Records 212,332 297,342 Cooperative New Titles Fully Cataloged 98,165 98,147 Minimal-level Cataloging Titles 40,133 18,702 Copy Cataloging 74,750 72,028 Collection-level Cataloging 3,406 3,902 New Works Cataloged 350,201 524,812 Name and Series Authorities Established 91,321 84,207 Cooperative Name and Series Authorities Established 221,025 228,467 Subject Headings Established 4,227 8,512 Cooperative Subject Headings Established 2,513 2,932 Books Received for Processing in the Acquisitions and 1,255,163 653,021 Bibliographic Access Directorate Books Completely Processed in the ABA Directorate 492,403 577,389

Table 8. MARC Records in the Library of Congress Database, Fiscal 2012 Net Category Total Increase Books 13,329,011 267,069 Electronic Resources 42,121 4,499 Manuscripts 16,803 431 Maps 332,722 6,171 Music 632,573 16,952 Serials & Integrating Resources 1,287,512 35,556 Visual Materials 539,014 23,537 Subject Authorities 410,227 3,950 Name Authorities 8,544,908 312,346 Holdings Records 18,760,780 537,810 Totals: Bibliographic 16,179,756 354,215 Authority 8,955,135 316,346 Holdings 18,760,780 537,810 Grand Total 43,895,671 1,208,371

82 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Table 9. Preservation Treatment Statistics, Fiscal 2012 Treatment Volumes Treated 12,144 Unbound Paper-based Items Treated 69,789 Photographs Treated 964 Commercial Library Binding (volumes)1 224,420 Mass Deacidification (volumes) 258,087 Mass Deacidification (sheets) 846,900 Housing/Rehousing Protective Boxes Constructed, for Paper-based Materials 10,627 Paper-based Items Rehoused 29,441 Photographs Rehoused or Moved 61,398 Discs, Film (reels), Magnetic Tape (reels/cassettes) Cleaned/Packaged 1,718 Copying/Reformatting Preservation Photocopying (volumes) 124 volumes (33,720 pages) Paper-based Materials Converted to Microfilm (pages)2 3,734,414 exposures (6,348,504 pages) Paper-based Materials Converted to Digital Format (works) 129 works (23,040 pages) Audio Materials Converted to Digital Format (files) 10,616 Video Materials Converted to Digital Format (files) 23,077 Motion Picture Films Converted to Digital Format (reels) 963 Motion Picture Films Converted on Analog Film (reels) 755 General Preservation of the Collections Items Surveyed, Paper-based 551,974 Items Surveyed, Photographs 2,686 Items Surveyed, Other Formats 30,226 Pieces Labeled 23,130 1 Includes 23,516 volumes commercially bound in the Library’s overseas offices. 2 Includes 2,627,856 pages microfilmed or microfiched in the Library’s overseas offices.

APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables 83 Table 10. Copyright Registrations by Subject Matter, Fiscal 2012 Category of Material Published Unpublished Total Non-dramatic literary works: Monographs and computer-related works 141,735 56,780 198,515 Serials: Serials (non-group) 35,395 35,395 Group Daily Newspapers 1,891 1,891 Group Serials 10,934 10,934 Total literary works 189,955 56,780 246,735 Works of the performing arts, including musical works, dramatic works, 54,504 60,277 114,781 choreography and pantomimes, and motion pictures and filmstrips Works of the visual arts, including two-dimensional works of fine and graphic art, sculptural works, technical of fine and graphic art, sculptural works, technical drawings and models, photographs, 41,068 31,735 72,803 cartographic works commercial prints and labels, and works of applied arts Sound recordings 23,034 51,315 74,349 Total basic registrations 308,561 200,107 508,668 Renewals 202 202 Mask work registrations 2,630 2,630 Vessel hull design registrations 39 39 Grand total all registrations 511,539 Preregistrations 1,052 Documents Recorded 8,687

Table 11. U.S. Copyright Office Business Summary: Fee Receipts and Interest, Fiscal 2012 Receipts Fees Recorded1 Copyright Registration $ 20,801,150 Mask Works Registration 9,590 Vessel Hull Design Registration 9,200 Renewal Registration 13,220 Subtotal $ 20,833,160 Recordation of Documents 3,059,573 Certifications 588,188 Searches 92,586 Special Handling/Expedited Services 1,620,360 Preregistrations 140,650 Other Services 580,925 Subtotal $ 6,082,281 Total Receipts Recorded $ 26,915,442 Fee Receipts Applied to the Appropriation $ 26,794,484 Interest Earned on Deposit Accounts 2,506 Fee Receipts and Interest Applied to the Appropriation2 $ 26,796,990 1 “Receipts Recorded” are fee receipts entered into the Copyright Office’s systems. 2 “Fee Receipts and Interest Applied to the Appropriation” are income from fees and deposit account interest that were fully cleared for deposit to the Copyright Office appropriation account within the fiscal year. The amount of Fee Receipts Applied to the Appropriation during the FY does not equal the Total Receipts Recorded because some receipts recorded at the end of a year are applied in the next fiscal year.

84 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Table 12. Services to Individuals Who are Blind or Physically Handicapped Items Number of Circulated1 Readers Regional and Subregional Libraries Analog Cassette 7,708,964 294,242 Analog Disc 6,194 48 Digital Cartridge 11,560,524 343,794 Digital Download 2,877,134 59,340 Braille 447,631 34,348 Web-Braille 57,045 4,049 Large Print 2,538,860 191,973 Miscellaneous 129,121 23,425 NLS Service to Overseas Patrons Analog Cassette 7,258 186 Analog Disc N/A N/A Digital Cartridge 4,220 128 Digital Download 11,402 137 Braille 478 54 Web-Braille N/A 12 Large Print 1,126 N/A NLS Service to Music Patrons Analog Cassette 4,874 510 Analog Disc N/A N/A Digital Cartridge 23 7 Digital Download 362 20 Braille 2,191 529 Web-Braille 3,151 49 Large Print 326 194 Interlibrary Loan–Multistate Centers Analog Cassette 70,049 N/A Analog Disc 54 N/A Braille 2,480 N/A Digital Cartridge 17,757 N/A 1 Items circulated include containers, volumes, digital downloads and magazine issues. Analog discs are being phased out. NLS = National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped N/A = not applicable

APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables 85 Table 13. Reader Services1 Direct Reference Service Circulation of Items for use within the Web-based/ Library In Person Correspondence Telephone E-mail Total African and Middle 2,668 2,971 1,091 3,259 6,967 14,288 Eastern Division American Folklife 2,522 3,798 129 3,087 6,056 13,070 Center/Veterans History Project Asian Division 4,362 4,761 0 1,679 3,640 10,080 Collections Access, 193,639 20,500 0 30,491 65,184 116,175 Loan and Management Division European Division 28,642 4,081 155 2,142 3,241 9,619 Federal Research 0 0 0 34 205 239 Division Geography and 146,454 3,121 32 1,220 2,361 6,734 Map Division Hispanic Division 5,838 16,661 812 13,138 33,950 64,561 Humanities and 20,583 42,923 130 4,171 6,847 54,071 Social Sciences Division Law Library 2 20,999 30,090 1,519 4,424 3,613 39,646 Manuscript Division 71,259 34,571 299 3,900 6,954 45,724 Motion Picture, 10,622 2,378 53 3,997 12,198 18,626 Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division Music Division 129,716 4,177 156 2,407 4,940 11,680 Prints and 249,906 13,420 269 2,298 7,472 23,459 Photographs Division Rare Book 16,866 3,519 207 1,356 4,312 9,394 and Special Collections Division3 Serial and 81,567 42,108 23 3,736 9,263 55,130 Government Publications Division Science, Technology 1,843 25,838 212 5,409 16,534 47,993 and Business Division TOTAL 987,486 254,917 5,087 86,748 193,737 540,489 1 Not included here are statistics for the Copyright Office, which answered 237,777 reference inquiries in fiscal 2012; and for the Preservation Directorate, which responded to 235 information inquiries. Also not included here are statistics for the Congressional Research Service, which completed more than 700,000 responses to requests and services for members and committees of Congress. The congressional audience accessed research products and services more than 1 million times. 2 Not included here are the 1,298 research reports, special studies and memoranda the Law Library prepared for Congress, other government agencies and the public. 3 Includes the Children’s Literature Center

86 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress Table 14. Cataloging Services: Financial Statistics, Fiscal 2012 Source of Income General $2,361,859 U.S. Government Libraries 66,962 Foreign Libraries 800,814 Total Gross Sales $3,229,635 Analysis of Total Income Cataloger’s Desktop 797,813 Classification Web 1,162,716 MARC Files & MARC Publications 909,500 Miscellaneous Publications 5,176 Technical Publications 354,430 Total Gross Sales $3,229,635 Adjustments (64,345) Total Net Sales $3,165,290 Transfers Fees Transferred to Appropriation $3,175,776 Fees Transferred to Miscellaneous Receipts 0 Total Fees Transferred $3,175,776

APPENDIX E. Statistical Tables 87 Table 15. Human Resources (as of Sept. 30, 2012) Library Employees by Service Unit Office of the Librarian 124 Includes Offices of the Librarian and Deputy Librarian; Communications; Development; Congressional Relations; Special Events and Public Programs; General Counsel; Chief Financial Officer Office of Support Operations 261 Inspector General 14 Congressional Research Service 606 Copyright Office 394 Law Library 86 Library Services Office of the Associate Librarian 65 Acquisitions and Bibliographic Access 463 Collections and Services 644 Partnerships and Outreach Programs 201 Preservation 96 Technology Policy 44 Total for Library Services 1,513 Office of Strategic Initiatives Office of Strategic Initiatives 98 Information Technology Services 216 Total for the Office of Strategic Initiatives 314 Total Permanent Library Employees 3,3121 Demographics Average Years of Library of Congress Service 16 Average Years of Federal Service 17 Average Age 49 Males 1,463 Females 1,849 American Indian 14 Asian 253 Black 1,060 Hispanic/Latino 79 Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 1 White 1,893 Two-or-More Races 12 Total Permanent Library Employees 3,312 1 Does not include temporary employees or those in indefinite or not-to-exceed positions. Includes employees funded by appropriated and non- appropriated sources. The Library’s attrition rate for permanent employees was 10.3 percent in fiscal 2012.

88 2012 ANNUAL REPORT of the librarian of congress

ISBN 978-0-8444-9565-1

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