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Gazetteer of Dardistan and Kafiristan-1886 by E. G. Barrow

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Gazetteer of Dardistan and Kafiristan-1886 by E. G. Barrow Incomplete : to be revised GAZETTEER . , -- . - UARDISTAN AND KAFIRISTAN Cognpiled hy CAPTAINE. G. BARROW,B.S.C., Deputy Assistant Quarter Master General, Intellige7dce Branch, Qua?.ier Master Geneval'a Department in India . PRELIMINARY EDITION SIMLA GOVERNMENT CENTRAL BRANCH PRESS 1886 RIMLA PBlXTED BY THE BUPERINTEBDENT, GOVERNMENT OENTU BMCE PEE69 K~FLKISTAN ARTICLES. RESIDXSthosc attmhed, the following articles bearing on KB,firistAn will be found in the Chitr&lSeries, viz. : The articles attachec2 to this are- AHMADDEW~NA. K 4arrGz. MOATAR. APSLT. LUUDEII. SRIDGOL. ARXAW~I. LULUK. SwGr. KAMOZ. MANDALPASS. VIR~N. E,G. B* GAZETTEER AND A 11 MA 1) DEW~NA- The upper part of the Arnnwai or Bashgal valley, narncly, thnt portion al~ove tlie junction of thc Lulnk stream is so called. There a1.e nowadays no inhabitants but formerly this part of t,he valley was cu]tivat- ed and tliere are 3 old lowers still exisling in different parts of the valley wbich each bear the name of Ahmad DewLnx. From the ]lead OF tho valley there is a pass iuto Budalishfin called tlie Mandal (I/.a.) which is probably tlie same ns that marked in old maps as the Ah- mad Dewa'na pass. Besides this there are the Zidig Artzli anJ Usticnll passes leacling into the Lutkli valley between the Dor;~h Kotal and Gab:~r.-(Barrow.) APSAI-LAT. 35" 43', LONG.71' 25' EI.EV.7230'. A Ihshgal village of the KhamtGz section situated in the Arnawai valley, about 6 miles below Shhi, the highest village. The village contains about 1,000 inhabitants. The maill block is on the lelt, and there is a small suburb on the right, the two are connected by a goocl bridge practicablr for laden animals. Walnut and mulberry trees are plentiful in the fields round the village, while the liill sides are cluthetl rn~t~hdeodar. headman in 1885 was Basti.-(Bawotu.) ARNAITAI OR RASIIGAL GOL- A Fertile and populo~~svalley of ICBtiristin, which is cont,iguous on the east with Chitrjl. The arnawai rises in the lllandil Pass, anrl after a course of about 50 miles joins the Chitr61 river just love Ar:tndo. Froni Shhi downnrards it is tliickly populated but above Shhi it is almost unin- habited though there is ample room for crlltivation i~boutAhmad Dewina. Above ShGi birch and willow are tl~eonly cornmoll trees, but below it thp hill sides are covered with deodar, wlrile in the valley from Apsai down- fruit trees abound, especially tlle n-alaut, qiape, apricot, ancl mnl- bemy. Below Apsai cultivatiol~is almost continuous and offers a marked contrast to tlie intermittrnt patclies which characterize the valleys of it. Tile river is a rapid one, fordable in most places in the upper part of its course, but with a very strong current, generally speaking ab(>nt 4 miles an hour. Thcre are good single span pole bridges at Apsai ant1 IJudtlell. Tile inhabitants are all IJushg;~lis, their sections being Iiamta,~ (q. v.) Kamoz, Mamar, (q. c.) and 1)rob:~hly somc others. The total p0pt1lation is prOLal)ly a11out thirt~or i'o~ty tliousnnd. The incip:J B vi]lagcs at-e ShGi, Apsai, Shidgol, Lurldch or Bagparnatal, Bndamdc, I'os~,~~ ApIuk, Madogal, and Kanldesh. The valley above and includinji Lltddrh is nominally tributary to Chitril, but the connection is vcry fragile. Tile roads in the valley arc impracticable for horses. Besides the route up the valley from Arundo thereare the following passes into it : Mondil from Badaksliau, Artzn, Ustich, Zidig, and Shili from thc Lotku valley, (;angalmat and Sllamal from Kalashgilm and ono or two other p:rsses frvm the Dros district. The Shhi route is practicable for 1iorses.-(BUTI.OZP.) AGRAPII Y~SS-L,%T.36" In', Loxa. 71" 311' ; ELEV.16 110'. A pass over the Windrl Kush, between the Arkjri v:~lley of Cllitril al\d Zebik in Rndakhsbnn. Of the three passes leading from thc Arl<:ir~ valley (the Nulihsnn, Agrnm anci Khstinza) Ihe Agram appears to 1)e the easiest,, the slopes being less precip~tons; but owing to this very aclvont,aqr, it is closecl by snow for Y months at leash-that is to say, for about 1 mc? months \onger than the Nnk\lsiin. As far as Owir in the Arliiri valley, the route is the salnc as that to tbe Nukhsin Pass (q. I?.). From O\vir the road gors up the Nawa Sin ravioe. At, 4 miles reach Agram, a lrnntla of 2 or 3 houses, where the Omir peop1~ bring their focks. Fire\vood is plentiful, and this is nsuallp made the fourth stage from Chitril. From this the road goes for 2 miles tl1roug.h low jungle, then for 4 miles up a gradual ascent over snow, to the Kot,ul (16,112') from which there is a descent over snow for several miles, Zebak is about 20 miles from the Kotal. Unladen horses are frequently taken over by this route.-(Sab-Surveyor B@zc Jaild.) AIAN-LAT. 35O 43', LONG.71' 49'; ELEV.4,560'. A "illage on the right bank of the ChitrLl river, about 10 or 11 milcs below the fort of Ctlitril. It consists of about 500 houses, in three or four distinct hamlets, each hidden in a mass of fruit trees. Tl~elargest of these hamlets lies on the right bank of the Aiin Gol, the others 011 the left. The Aiin Go1 is the united stream of the BGrnboret and RlimbGr valleys, it supplies Aiin with its irrigation. Aiin is part of the .jugi~of Gulnm, ,a younger son of Am6n-ul-~4lilk. This place is noted as the soiithern limit of the Chinese invasion and there are the remains of two large intrenched camps, relics of those times. West of the village on the left bnnl; of the Aihn Gol, there is a large unfinished fort built by the preseut &],tar.- (Barrow.) AMALCHAT-LAT. 36' 34.') LONG.73' 28'; ELEV.8,900'. A village in the Yasia valley, and on the left bank of the river, about 6$ milps south of Darliot. It consists of about a dozen houses in two sm:~lI hamlets. Fruit trees are rather scarce here, nncl the willow is the tree. The valley llere is nbnrlt 440 yards broad, and pent in by bare, rocky, mountains, sever:il t,houssnd feet high. In old maps this village is marked as Michita or Amchat.-(BUTTOW.) ANDAHP-LAT. 31;" 8' 30') LOYG.72" 50'; ELEV.10,000'. A village ill I):~rdist<non the right bank of the Gllizar Nadi just above its conlluence with tlie Ushfi Nadi. Tlie lfnllah says : " I rrmained at Andarp for tile ; there was no- thing (lill'eren~from the vill:~gesin tlie higher part of the valley ; same cultivation aud trees, aud flat-roofed single-storeyed Louses ; a perhaps sliglltly imploiecl ;11~111~~:irwcin t,he conditlorr of tlie'p~oplcmay 1~enoticard, and there arc nUlllbers of 111:tre~seeu grazing :tl)out, tlie proprrty of ttt~killagers. An- darp is a sc.3tterrd village of :tbolit 70 houses. It and Ghizar occupy the sane ancient Inkc Iwd.-(2%~ /I/~~lla/r,B~L~~OW-.) ANIIARTI-LAT. .'i(iO,LONG. 71' 48' ; EI.EV.6,300'. A sinall village of 15 houses at the junction of the ilrl~~ririver with t,he LhLIiG. It is the residence of B;~Lrdni,:L younger son of Amin-ul- ATulk, who is now (1885) governor of the Arkari didrict. There are :LLOL~L20 acres of cultivation about the village ant1 some fruit trees. About ~1~00y;trtls up tllc Arkari river therc is a good pole bridge 20 yards long.- ( Bnl.rom.) AROACII-LAT. 35" 17', L~xG.71' 48' ; ELEV.4,350'. A village on the right bank of the Cliitril river, about half may Letween Cliitril and AiGn. It, contains about 30 houses.- (Ba~*rozo.) ARKARI-LIT. 31;" 12' SO", LOYG.71" 43'; El,sv. 8,700'. A vil1:tgc in the Arkari valley, lying on bolh banks of the river. The valley is here about a mile broad, but tlris area is mostly occupietl by gentle stony slopes. ArkQri, together with I'or~umi, co~ltainsabout 80 houses. ISct,ween the ttvo Arkari v~llagesthere is a lridgo about 30' long, practicable for unladen animals.-(Sl~b-Suruepr Bdpu Jdd.4.) ARKARI (VALLEY)- A river which rising in the Hiudli Klisli, west of Terich Mir, joins the LGtlili river at Andarti. Up this valley lic the roads to tlie Agrim, Nulihsiin, ancl Kliatinzn passes. The whole of the Arkari valley, to its ju~lctioil with the Llitlili, forms a district of Chitril, and is under the im- mrdiate rule of Mehtar Bahram, a jounger son of Am&-ul-Rlull\-. Andarti is his residence. Tlle principal places in tlie valley are Andarti, Momi, Shili, Arkari, ltubat and Owir, of which Momi and Arkari are tlie largest. The total population is probably about 1,300 souls. The valley of. the Arkari river is, gcnerally speaking, a narrow defile betweeu towering cliffs, except around the village of Arkari, where it opens out considerably, being about a mile broad. The river is rapid, with a rocky bed, and at its mouth is about 20 yards broad. There are bridges at Owir, Arkari, Momi, and Andarti, also near Olis and Shili, but all are very bad, except that at An- darti. The river is not fordallalle in summer. There is a hot spring on the left bank a mile below ShBli. As regards the strategical aspect of the valley, all the passes meet either at or above Omir, and an advance by anyone of them may consequently he clispoted at any point iu the defile between Owir and Andarti.
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