General Vocabulary

N.B. to the best of my ability pr« me§ This General Vocabulary is a compilation parte of the topical vocabularies in the chap- ablative adj abl§t¿v·us |a |um; ablative ters. For a more complete resource, case c§s·us |»s m abl§t¿vus, consult Traupman, Latin Dictionary, abl§t¿v·us |¿ m; in the ablative case Amsco, N.Y. c§s» abl§t¿v« The principal parts of the following able: be able to possum posse potu¿ (+ commonly occurring verbs are not inf), que« qu¿re qu¿v¿ or qui¿ (+ inf) provided in the vocabulary: abounding in abund·§ns |antis (+ abl) accipi« accipere acc¡p¿ acceptus about (approximately) circiter, fer¡; ag« agere ¡g¿ §ctus (concerning) d¡ (+ abl) d« dare ded¿ datus above supr§ (+ acc); be above (e.g., d¿c« d¿cere d¿x¿ dictus bribery) indign·or |§r¿ |§tus sum (+ d»c« d»cere d»x¿ ductus acc) faci« facere f¡c¿ factus abroad: from abroad extr¿nsec·us |a habe« hab¡re habu¿ habitus |um; go abroad, live abroad, travel l»d« l»dere l»s¿ l»sus abroad peregr¿n·or |§r¿ sum esse fu¿ fut»rus absence: in my absence m¡ absente veni« ven¿re v¡n¿ ventum absent abs·¡ns |entis; be absent absum abesse §fu¿ §fut»rus; be absent without leave ad comme§t»s diem A n«n adsum adesse adfu¿ A: she explained everything to me absentee abs·¡ns |entis mf from A to Z ab aci§ et ac» mihi omnia exposuit absolutely omn¿n«, pr«rsus; absolutely nothing nihil pr«rsus abbreviate brevi§re, imminu·« |ere |¿ immin»tus abstract noun s appell§ti·« |«nis f (ut “bonit§s” goodness) abbreviation not·a |ae f (compendi§ria) absurd absurd·us |a |um ABC’s pr¿m·ae litter·ae |§rum fpl; know one’s ABC’s litter§s sci« sc¿re sc¿v¿ abusive maledic·us |a |um abdomen ven·ter |tris m academy acad¡mi·a |ae f ability facult·§s |§tis f; ability to read accent s accent·us |»s m; place the and write legend¿ scr¿bend¿que accent on a syllable accentum in facult§s; natural ability ingeni·um |¿ syllab§ p«n·« |ere posu¿ positus n; speaking ability d¿cend¿ facult§s; accent mark ap·ex |icis m 267 268 Conversational Latin accident c§s·us |»s m; calamit·§s |§tis f across tr§ns (+ acc); across from ex (autoc¿n¡tica) advers« (+ gen), exadversum (+ acc) accidentally c§s», fortu¿t« act intr ag·« |ere ¡g¿ §ctus; act as a accommodations hospiti·um |¿ n friend am¿cum agere; (behave) act badly s¡ turpiter ger·« |ere gess¿ accomplish c«nfic·i« |ere c«nf¡c¿ c«nfectus active ala·cer |cris |cre; (gram) §ct¿v·us |a |um; active service: be on active accomplished ¡rud¿tus |a |um service st¿pendia facere; active verb according to secundum (+ acc) verbum agend¿ or ag¡ns or §ct¿vum; active voice gen·us |eris n §ct¿vum; accordion harmonic·a |ae f d¿ductilis be active in vers·or |§r¿ |§tus sum in account rati·« |«nis f; audit accounts (+ abl) rati«n¡s dispun·g« |gere |x¿ |ctus; actor histri·« |«nis m, §ct·or |«ris m balance accounts rati«n¡s c«nfer« c«nferre contul¿ coll§tus; the account actress §ctr·¿x |¿cis f balances rati« c«nstat acute (illness) ac»t·us |a |um accountant rati«cin§t·or |«ris m, ad praec«ni·um |¿ n rati«cin§tr·¿x |¿cis f Adam’s apple p«m·um |¿ n Ad§m¿; account books tabul·ae |§rum fpl n«d·us |¿ m gutturis (accept¿ et exp¡ns¿) add (to) adic·i« |ere adi¡c¿ adiectus (+ accounting c«nfecti·« |«nis f tabul§rum; dat) keep (accounting) books tabul§s adding machine m§chin·a |ae f c«nfic·i« |ere c«nf¡c¿ c«nfectus additi«n§lis accusation acc»s§ti·« |«nis f addition: in addition acc¡dit quod (+ accuse acc»s§re (with acc of person and indic) gen or d¡ + abl of the charge); address s ¿nscr¿pti·« |«nis f cursu§lis; argu·« |ere |¿ (with acc of the person (comput) ¿nscr¿pti« ¡lectronica and gen of the charge); accuse s.o. of a capital offense aliquem re¿ address tr adloqu·or |¿ adloc»tus sum; capit§lis re·um (-am) facere (a letter) ¿nscr¿b·« |ere ¿nscr¿ps¿ inscr¿ptus; a letter addressed to you ache intr dol·e« |¡re |u¿; I ache all over epistula tibi ¿nscr¿pta t«tus (-a) dole« address book (comput) lib·er |br¿ m ache s dol·or |«ris m; have a headache ¿nscr¿pti«num (¡lectronic§rum) § capite lab«r§re; have a toothache § dente lab«r§re adhesive gl»t·en |inis n; adhesive tape taeni·a |ae f adhaes¿va acquit (of) absolv·« |ere |¿ absol»tus (d¡ + abl; more rarely w. gen); acquit adjacent to contermin·us |a |um (+ dat) s.o. of a capital crime aliquem adjectival adj adiect¿v§l·is |is |e capitis absolvere adjective s adiect¿v·um |¿ n acquittal absol»ti·« |«nis f adjoin adiung·or |¿ adi»nctus sum (+ acrobat petaurist§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) dat) General Vocabulary 269 adjoining i»nct·us |a |um; adjoining aedile aed¿l·is |is m rooms i»ncta cubicula aedileship aed¿lit·§s |§tis f adjourn ampli§re affable aff§bil·is |is |e administration administr§ti·« |«nis f affair r¡s, r¡¿ f; have an affair with s.o. admirable adm¿r§bil·is |is |e c«nsuet»dinem cum aliqu« hab¡re admiration adm¿r§ti·« |«nis f affected affect§t·us |a |um admission ticket tesser·a |ae f aditi§lis affection am·or |«ris m adopt adopt§re affectionate am·§ns |antis adoptive daughter f¿li·a |ae f adopt¿va afraid form¿dul«s·us |a |um; afraid of adoptive son f¿li·us |¿ m adopt¿vus timid·us |a |um (+ gen); be afraid (of) tim·e« |¡re |u¿ (+ acc), metu« adore ad«r§re metuere metu¿; I am afraid that … Adriatic Hadri§ticum mar·e |is n ver·eor |¡r¿ veritus sum n¡ … ; what adult adj adult·us |a |um, grand·is |is |e are you afraid of? quid est quod metuis? adult s adultus hom·« |inis m; (not including aged persons) p»b·¡s |is mf after conj postquam (+ indic) advantage bon·um |¿ n; be of after prep post (+ acc); (immediately advantage (to) pr«sum pr«desse after) ¡ or ex (+ abl), d¡ (+ abl); pr«fu¿ (+ dat); derive great after all r¡ v¡r§; after this post h§c; advantage from multum commodum after that deinde, subinde; be after ex aliqu§ r¡ capere; take advantage s.o. (romantically) aliquem pet·« |ere of s.o.’s ignorance alicuius |¿v¿; immediately after statim § or ignorantiam sibi quaestu¿ hab¡re; ab (+ abl) take advantage of the opportunity afternoon temp·us |oris n occ§si«nem nanc¿sc·or |¿ n§nctus postmer¿di§num; in the afternoon sum; to whose advantage was it postmer¿di¡, post mer¿diem; this (that …)? cui bon« fuit (+ acc w. afternoon hodi¡ post mer¿diem inf)? afterwards poste§ adverb adverbi·um |¿ n again iterum, r»rsus; again and again adverbial adverbi§l·is |is |e identidem, etiam atque etiam advertise pr«scr¿b·« |ere pr«scr¿ps¿ age aet·§s |§tis f; at age fifteen pr«scr¿ptus decimum qu¿ntum annum ag·¡ns advertisement praec«ni·um |¿ n; |entis; he is under twenty years of (poster) pr«scr¿pti·« |«nis f age minor v¿gint¿ ann«rum est; she was ten years of age erat decem advice c«nsili·um |¿ n; good advice ann«s n§ta r¡ctum c«nsilium; I will take your advice on the matter c«nsilium aged ann«s·us |a |um, longaev·us |a tuum ill¿us re¿ capiam; on your |um advice t¡ auct«re; sound advice agile agil·is |is |e v¡rum c«nsilium ago (prepositive) abhinc, e.g., ten years advise su§d·e« |¡re su§s¿ (+ dat) ago abhinc decem ann«s; a short 270 Conversational Latin

while ago paul« ante; how long ago? all omn·is |is |e; all along: I knew all quam pr¿dem?; long ago iamd»dum, along »sque ab initi« sc¿v¿; all but iampr¿dem; not so long ago haud ita propemodum: I have all but given pr¿dem; sometime ago pr¿dem up hope propemodum spem d¡m¿s¿; d»dum all in all pr«rsus; in all omn¿n«; all agree (with) c«nsent·i« |¿re c«ns¡ns¿ over the world ub¿que terr§rum; all c«ns¡nsus (cum + abl) right quidem, licet; it’s all right r¡ct¡ est; bene habet; all the same agreeable commod·us |a |um, gr§t·us |a (anyhow) nihil« s¡tius; all’s well |um salva r¡s est; all the way from »sque agreement foed·us |eris n; according to ab (+ abl); it’s all over! §ctum est!; the terms of the agreement ex all there: are you quite all there? foedere satisne s§nus (-a) es?; all too late immo iam s¡r« aha! attat! allegation ¿nsimul§ti·« |«nis f ahead: go ahead, tell me! Agedum, d¿c mihi!; ahead of time ante tempus allege argu·« |ere |¿ arg»tus ail: what ails you? quid tibi est? alley angiport·um |¿ n ailment mal·um |¿ n alliance foed·us |eris n, societ·§s |§tis f; conclude an alliance with foedus airbag §erius foll·is |is m ¿c·« |ere |¿ |tus cum (+ abl); form an air conditioner ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n §ër¿ alliance with societ§tem facere cum temperand« (+ abl) aircraft carrier n§v·is |is f alluring illecebr«s·us |a |um §ëroplan¿gera almond amygdal·um |¿ n airline tr§m·es |itis m §erius almost paene, fer¡ (postpositive); almost airplane §ëroplan·um |¿ n like paene quasi airport §ëroport·us |»s m alone s«l·us |a |um air pressure pressi·« |«nis f §eria along per (+ acc), secundum (+ acc); alarm suscit§bul·um |¿ n; (terror) along with »n§ cum (+ abl); I knew pav·or |«ris m; set the alarm for all along iam inde § pr¿ncipi« sc¿v¿ (six o’clock) obicem ad (h«ram aloud cl§r¡; read aloud cl§r¡ leg·« |ere sextam) ¿nf¿g·« |ere ¿nf¿x¿ ¿nf¿xus; l¡g¿ l¡ctus the alarm went off suscit§bulum alphabet s alphab¡t·um |¿ n, pr¿m·ae sonuit litter·ae |§rum fpl, element·a |«rum alarm clock h«rologi·um |¿ n npl suscit§t«rium Alpine Alp¿n·us |a |um; Alpine chain alcohol alcohol |is n Alpium iug·a |«rum npl alcoholic alcoholic·us |a |um Alps Alp·¡s |ium fpl alert §·cer |cris |cre already iam alibi absentiae arg»ment·um |¿ n alright licet alimony alim«ni·um |¿ n also etiam General Vocabulary 271 alternating current fluent·um |¿ n anklet periscel·is |idis f alternum anniversary f¡stus di·¡s |¡¿ m although quamquam (+ indic); quamv¿s annivers§rius (+ subj), cum (+ subj) announcer ann»nti§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x always semper |¿cis f) ambassador leg§t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) annoy male hab¡re; this annoys me hoc ambition ambiti·« |«nis f m¡ male habet ambitious ambiti«s·us |a |um annoyance molesti·a |ae f ambulance arcer·a |ae f, autoarcer·a annoyed: be annoyed at molest¡ fer« |ae f ferre tul¿ America Americ·a |ae f; North answer s resp«ns·um |¿ n; give s.o. an America America Septentri«n§lis; answer alicui resp«nsum red·d« South America America Mer¿di§na |dere |did¿ |ditus American Americ§n·us |a |um answer tr (in both speaking and writing: amount: it amounts to the same thing with dat of person and ad + acc of tantundem est the thing) respon·de« |d¡re |d¿ |sum; amphitheater amphithe§tr·um |¿ n answer a letter ad litter§s rescr¿b·« |ere rescr¿ps¿; answer in complete amplifier amplific§tr·um |¿ n sentences t«t¿s sententi¿s respond¡re; amuse oblect§re; amuse oneself s¡ answer a question ad interrog§tum oblect§re respond¡re; I’ll answer you point by amusement: for one’s amusement point tibi respond¡b« (in writing: anim¿ caus§ rescr¿bam) ad singula; now I’ll amusement park hort·¿ |«rum mpl answer your questions nunc p»blic¿ oblect§ri¿ respond¡b« ad ea quae rog§vist¿; that’s not an answer to my anchor (anchor person) n»nti§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) question aliud t¡ rog« and et, atque; and so itaque; and so answering machine resp«nstr·um |¿ n forth et perinde, et c¡tera t¡leph«nicum anger ¿r·a |ae f ant form¿c·a |ae f angry (at) ¿r§t·us |a |um (+ dat); be antagonistic ¿nfest·us |a |um angry (at) succ¡ns·e« |¡re |u¿ (+ antecedent s n«m·en |inis n antec¡d¡ns dat); get angry with ¿r§sc·or |§r¿ (+ dat); he did nothing for you to be antelope bubul·us |¿ m, tarandr·us |¿ m angry at nihil f¡cit quod succ¡nse§s antepenult s antepaenultima syllab·a anguish ang·or |«ris m |ae f animal anim·al |§lis n; wild animal anthropologist anthr«polog·us |¿ m (·a fer·a |ae f |ae f) ankle tal·us |¿ m anthropology anthr«pologi·a |ae f ankle-length t§l§r·is |is |e antiquity: in antiquity ant¿quitus [adv] 272 Conversational Latin anxiety anxiet·§s |§tis f; anxiety about appetizer gust§ti·« |«nis f c»r·a |ae f (+ gen) apple m§l·um |¿ n anxious anxi·us |a |um applecart: upset the applecart anxiously anxi¡ plaustrum percell·« |ere percul¿ anyhow (just the same) nec e« s¡tius; (in apple pie m§la npl in crust« cocta any event) utique apple polisher adul§t·or |«ris m, anyone quispiam (gen: c»iuspiam); if adul§tr·¿x |¿cis f anyone s¿ quis apply (a remedy) adhib·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus; anything else aliquid amplius, quicquam apply oneself to s¡ c«nfer·« c«nferre aliud contul¿ (+ dat or ad + acc) apartment diaet·a |ae f, c¡n§cul·um |¿ appointment: have an appointment n; furnished apartment diaeta omn¿ with c«nstit»tum hab¡re cum (+ abl); supellectile ¿nstructa keep an appointment ad c«nstit»tum ven¿re apartment building ¿nsul·a |ae f appreciate: I appreciate your kindness apathetic d¡s·es |idis beneficium tuum tueor tu¡r¿ tuitus ape s¿mi·us |¿ m, s¿mi·a |ae f sum Apennines, Apennine Range apricot armeniac·um |¿ n Apenn¿nus m«n·s |tis m April m¡ns·is |is m Apr¿l·is; in April apologize (for) s¡ exc»s§re (d¡ + abl); I m¡nse Apr¿l¿ apologize to you m¡ tibi exc»s« apron sublig·ar |§ris n apology: please accept my apologies aqueduct aquaeduct·us |»s m quaes«, accipe exc»s§ti«n¡s archeologist archaeolog·us |¿ m (·a |ae apparently ut vid¡tur f); the archeologists excavated this appeal s (attractiveness) su§vit·§s |§tis site archaeolog¿ hunc situm f; (legal) appell§ti·« |«nis f; allow an excav¡runt appeal appell§ti«nem admitt·« |ere archeology archaeologi·a |ae f adm¿s¿ admissus; disallow an appeal archery sagitt§ti·« |«nis f (see Chapter appell§ti«nem improb§re V) appeal tr (to) appell§re (ad + acc) architect architect·us |¿ m appear app§r·e« |¡re |u¿; (seem) vid·eor architecture architect»r·a |ae f |¡r¿ v¿sus sum Ardea Arde·a |ae f appendicitis appendic¿t·is |idis f area tract·us |»s m appendix (of a book; of the body) append·ix |icis f area code (t¡leph«nicus) numer·us |¿ m prael¡ct«rius appetite (cib¿) appetenti·a |ae f, (cib¿) appet¿ti·« |«nis f; lack of appetite arena ar¡n·a |ae f inedi·a |ae f; give s.o. a good Argiletum Arg¿l¡t·um |¿ n (a district of appetite alicui (cib¿) appetentiam Rome extending from the base of the excit§re or facere Quirinal to the Capitoline and chiefly General Vocabulary 273

inhabited by booksellers and arrive adven·i« |¿re adv¡n¿ adventum; mechanics) arrive at perven·i« |¿re perv¡n¿ argue arg»ment·or |§r¿; (to wrangle) perventum (ad or in + acc) alterc·or |§r¿; stop arguing! d¡sine arrogance arroganti·a |ae f (pl: d¡sinite) alterc§r¿! arrogant arrog·§ns |antis argument alterc§ti·« |«nis f; get into an artery art¡ri·a |ae f argument in l¿tem ambiguam d¡scend·« |ere |¿; put up an art gallery pinacoth¡c·a |ae f argument rec»s§re arthritis arthr¿t·is |idis f; articul§ris aristocracy n«bilit·§s |§tis f, optim§t·¡s morb·us |¿ m |ium mpl artichoke cinar·a |ae f arm s bracchi·um |¿ n; (upper) lacert·us article s (in newspaper or magazine) |¿ m (see arms) comment§riol·us |¿ m, comment§ti·« arm tr arm§re |«nis f; (clause in a law, treaty) cap·ut |itis n; (gram) articul·us |¿ m armaments appar§t·us |»s m bell¿ (hic haec hoc, normally (rarely pl of appar§tus) demonstrative, serve as articles only armchair sell·a |ae f bracchi§ta in declensions); definite (indefinite) article f¿n¿tus (¿nfin¿tus) articulus armed arm§t·us |a |um; be armed in arm¿s esse articulate adj disert·us |a |um armpit §l·a |ae f, axill·a |ae f articulate tr articul§re arms: arm·a |«rum npl; arms race artillery torment·a |«rum npl arm«rum cert§m·en |inis n; be under artist artif·ex |icis m arms in arm¿s esse; by force of arms as adv s¿cut, ut; as far as (up to) »sque v¿ et arm¿s; lay down arms ab arm¿s ad (+ acc); as far as (e.g. I am disc¡d·« |ere discess¿; take up arms concerned) quoad; as far as I know arma capere quod sci«; as for instance ut put§; as army exercit·us |»s m; join the army long as quamdi»; as often as ad m¿litiam ¿re; raise an army quoti¡scumque; as soon as cum exercitum compar§re pr¿mum; as soon as possible quam around circ§, circiter (+ acc), d¡ (+ pr¿mum; as well as atque; as yet abl); around midnight d¡ medi§ adh»c nocte; around noon circiter ashamed: I’m ashamed of it m¡ pudet mer¿diem eius; I’m ashamed to say m¡ pudet arouse (feelings) exagit§re, suscit§re; d¿cere arouse suspicion suspici«nem ask rog§re, pet·« |ere pet¿v¿ pet¿tus; (for mov·e« |¡re m«v¿ m«tus; arouse information) quaer« quaerere from sleep ¡ somn« excit§re quaes¿v¿ quaes¿tus; ask about arrest s preh¡nsi·« |«nis f (someone, something) d¡ (aliqu«) rog§re; ask a few questions pauca arrest tr prehen·d« |dere |d¿ |sus quaerere; ask further questions arrival advent·us |»s m quaerere ultr§; ask s.o. s.th. aliquem 274 Conversational Latin

aliquid rog§re; ask s.o. for s.th. ab N«n cor omn¿n« hab¡s; at least aliqu« aliquid rog§re; ask the utique; at most summum; at once teacher (student) a question continu«, moment«; at the house of docentem (discentem) interrog§re; apud (+ acc) ask the price of an item mercis Athens Ath¡n·ae |§rum fpl pretium inqu¿r·« |ere inqu¿s¿v¿ inqu¿s¿tus; ask this question hoc athlete §thl¡t·a |ae m, §thl¡tri·a |ae f; quaerere; he asked me whether like an athlete §thl¡tic¡ quaes¿vit § m¡ (or d¡ m¡ or ex m¡) athletic §thl¡tic·us |a |um; athletic num; he asked you a question ille t¡ competition §thl¡t§rum cert§m·en interrog§vit; I want to ask you this |inis n hoc t¡ rog§re vol«; why do you ask athletics §thl¡tic·a |ae f me that? quid m¡ istud rog§s? Atlantic Atlantic·us |a |um; Atlantic asparagus asparag·us |¿ m Ocean Atlanticus «cean·us |¿ m, assault s v¿s f (acc: vim; abl: v¿); accuse Atlanticum mar·e |is n s.o. of assault (and battery) aliquem atrium §tri·um |¿ n d¡ v¿ (et man») acc»s§re; commit assault against vim facere in (+ acc) atrocious atr·«x |«cis assault tr vim facere in (+ acc) attack s (of illness) impet·us |»s m, accessi·« |«nis f; (verbal) pet¿ti·« assembly concili·um |¿ n |«nis f; (mil) oppugn§ti·« |«nis f assign assign§re attack tr oppugn§re, adorior ador¿r¿ assignment p¡ns·um |¿ n; (written) adortus sum; (verbally) impugn§re; praescr¿pt·um |¿ n; do the (of a disease) occup§re assignment p¡nsum (or attend tr (to be present at) inter·sum praescr¿ptum) per·ig« |igere |¡g¿ |esse |fu¿ (+ dat); (school) |§ctum frequent§re ¶ intr attend to operam assistant assist·¡ns |entis mf dare (+ dat); I’ll certainly attend to it dab« equidem operam assistant principal see principal attention (anim¿) attenti·« |«nis f; pay associate soci·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) attention animum atten·d« |dere |d¿ asthma asthm·a |atis n |tus; pay attention! attende! (pl: astrologer astrolog·us |¿ m attendite!) or animum attende! (pl: anim«s attendite!); pay attention to astrology astrologi·a |ae f what I am saying! dict¿s me¿s astronaut astronaut·a |ae m, attende! (pl: attendite!) astronautri·a |ae f attentive attent·us |a |um, ¡r¡ct·us |a astronomer astrolog·us |¿ m |um astronomy astronomi·a |ae f, astrologi·a attic subt¡gul§ne·um |¿ n |ae f attitude gest·us |»s m; I don’t like your astute ast»t·us |a |um attitude gestus tuus mihi displicet at apud (+ acc); at all pr«rsum, omn¿n«: attorney cognit·or |«ris m, cognitr·¿x you have no common sense at all |¿cis f; appoint an attorney to s.o. General Vocabulary 275

cognit«rem alicui adscr¿b·« |ere B adscr¿ps¿ adscr¿ptus baby ¿nf·§ns |antis mf attract concili§re, trah·« |ere trax¿ baby carriage ch¿ramaxi·um |¿ n tractus back s terg·um |¿ n; back of the attractive lepid·us |a |um; ( esp. in classroom posterior par·s |tis f looks) speci«s·us |a |um, venust·us concl§vis schol§ris; back of the head |a |um occipiti·um |¿ n; get off my back! audiocasette ph«nocas¡t·a |ae f apage t¡ § dors« me«! audiotape ph«notaeni·a |ae f back tr fav·e« |¡re f§v¿ faut»rus (+ dat) audiovisual aid aud¿v¿sificum back door post¿c·um |¿ n subsidi·um |¿ n backhand (tennis) ¿ct·us |»s m inversus August m¡ns·is |is m Augustus; in backpack mantic·a |ae f August m¡nse August« back seat s¡d·¡s |is f posterior aunt (father’s side) amit·a |ae f; backside (anat) cl»n·¡s |ium mpl, nat·¡s (mother’s side) m§terter·a |ae f |ium fpl; (facetiously) post¿c·um |¿ n austere asp·er |era |erum, aust¡r·us |a backstroke nat§ti·« |«nis f resup¿na |um backward (mentally) lent·us |a |um author auct·or |«ris m, auctr·¿x |¿cis f; (writer) scr¿p·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis backwards retr« f); classical author classicus scr¿ptor bacon lard·um |¿ n automobile autoraed·a |ae f, auto- bad mal·us |a |um, improb·us |a |um, c¿n¡t·um |¿ n [used interchangeably] ali¡n·us |a |um; (weather) advers·us |a |um, grav·is |is |e; feel (very) bad available: be available praest« [indecl] about (vald¡) dol·e« |¡re |ui d¡ (+ esse abl); too bad about Edward male avalanche l§b¿n·a |ae f niv§lis d¡ Eduard«; wine is bad for you average adj modic·us |a |um v¿num est ali¡num tibi average s on the average medi§ habit§ badminton l»d·us |¿ m pilae pinn§tae; rati«ne; peraequ¡ play badminton pil§ pinn§t§ l»dere (see Chapter V) aw, keep quiet! au, tac¡! bag sacc·us |¿ m; (small bag) saccul·us awake: be awake vigil§re; be awake all |¿ m; (handbag) bulg·a |ae f night pervigil§re baggage car curr·us |¿ m sarcin§rius away: away with you! ab¿ abhinc!; be baggage cart ch¿ramaxi·um |¿ n far away long¡ abesse; go away sarcin§rum ab·e« |¿re |i¿ or |¿v¿; he’s away abest baggage check c»r§ti·« |«nis f awesome! m¿r§bile! sarcin§rum awful d¿r·us |a |um bagpipes »tricul§ri·um |¿ n; play the awkward inconcinn·us |a |um bagpipes »tricul§ri« l»dere aye yai yai! heu heu! bait esc·a |ae f 276 Conversational Latin bake coqu·« |ere cox¿ coctus; torr·e« banish (worries, cares) exim·« |ere |¡re |u¿ tostus; in furn« coquere ex¡m¿ ex¡mptus; (a person) baker p¿st·or |«ris m, p¿str·¿x |¿cis f, extermin§re p§nif·ex |icis m, p§nific·a |ae f banister adminicul·um |¿ n bakery p¿str¿n·a |ae f, furn§ri·a |ae f bank argent§ri·a |ae f, tabern·a |ae f argent§ria; (of a river) r¿p·a |ae f; balance beam tign·um |¿ n aequil¿bri¿ manage a bank argent§riam bald calv·us |a |um moder·or |§r¿ moder§tus sum; the bald head calviti·um |¿ n Tiber overflowed its banks Tiberis super r¿p§s eff»sus est ball (dance) salt§ti·« |«nis f bank account rati·« |«nis f argent§ria ball pil·a |ae f; (inflated) foll·is |is m; catch the ball pilam or follem bank book libell·us |¿ m compars«rum, argent§riae libell·us |¿ m excip·i« |ere exc¡p¿ exceptus; kick the ball follem pede puls§re; play banker argent§ri·us (·a |ae f) ball pil§ or folle l»dere; throw the banking business argent§ri·a |ae f; run ball pilam or follem conic·i« |ere a (big) banking business coni¡c¿ argent§riam (maximam) facere ball field camp·us |¿ m l»s«rius bank manager argent§riae moder§·tor ball game l»s·us |»s m pilae (or follis) |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) ballot tabell·a |ae f, suffr§gi·um |¿ n; bank teller argent§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) cast a ballot suffr§gium fer« ferre bank window «stiol·um |¿ n tul¿ l§tus argent§rium ballot box suffr§gi«rum cist·a |ae f bankrupt: go backrupt d¡coqu·« |ere d¡cox¿ d¡coctum ballpoint pen stil·us |¿ m sphaer§tus bankruptcy d¡cocti·« |«nis f; declare baloney farcim·en |inis n; baloney! bankruptcy bonam c«piam ¡i»r§re f§bulae! bar oec·us |¿ m p«t«rius; (of chocolate bamboozle verba dare (+ dat); you or soap) quadrul·a |ae f; barroom bamboozled me mihi verba d¡dist¿ oec·us |¿ m p«t«rius; bar stool banana ari¡n·a |ae f, ban§n·a |ae f; he sed¿l·e |is n praealtum, seliquastr·um wants to be top banana vult s¡ esse |¿ n; bartender ministr§·tor |t«ris m pr¿mum omnium r¡rum (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f), ¿nservit·or |«ris m; serve at the bar in i»dici¿s vers§r¿; band symph«ni·a |ae f, concent·us |»s in for« agere m m»sicus barbecue tr in cr§ticul§ ass§re bandage s fasci·a |ae f barbecue grill cr§ticul·a |ae f bandage tr (an arm, etc.) lig§re, d¡lig§re; (a wound) adstrin·g« |gere barber t«ns·or |«ris m |x¿ adstr¿ctus barber chair sell·a |ae f t«ns«ria bang (noise) strepit·us |»s m barber shop t«nstr¿n·a |ae f bangs (of hair) anti·ae |§rum fpl barely vix General Vocabulary 277 bargain preti·um |¿ n speci§le; buy at a bat s (club) cl§v·a |ae f (l»s«ria); (bird) good bargain bene em·« |ere ¡m¿ vespertili·« |«nis m ¡mptus bath balne·um |¿ n; public bath baritone cant·or |«ris m v«cis gravis, therm·ae |§rum fpl barytonist·a |ae m bathe tr (a sore limb) fov·e« |¡re f«v¿; bark intr latr§re; bark at allatr§re (a person) lav§re ¶ intr lav§r¿ bark s latr§t·us |»s m bathroom balne·um |¿ n; (small) balneol·um |¿ n; (toilet) l§tr¿n·a |ae f; barley horde·um |¿ n (public toilet) foric·a |ae f barn horre·um |¿ n bathroom sink l§bell·um |¿ n barnyard coh·ors |ortis f bath towel gausapin·a |ae f barometer barometr·um |¿ n bathtub soli·um |¿ n, l§br·um |¿ n barracks m¿litum contuberni·um |¿ n battalion cohors, cohortis f barrel (of pottery or wood) doli·um |¿ n; battalion commander praefect·us |¿ m (wooden) c»p·a |ae f cohortis base bas·is |is f; first (second, third, batter clav§t·or |«ris m, clavatr·¿x |¿cis home) base basis pr¿ma (secunda, f, puls§t·or |«ris m, puls§tr·¿x |¿cis f tertia, summa); play first (second, battery accumul§tr·um |¿ n third) base apud pr¿mam (secundam, tertiam) basim l»dere (see Chapter V) battle pugn·a |ae f, proeli·um |¿ n; the battle of (at or near a town) baseball (the ball itself) basipil·a |ae f; proelium apud or ad or circ§ (+ acc); (the sport) l»d·us |¿ m basipilae; a fight a battle proelium facere; in baseball game basipilae l»s·us |»s battle proeli«, aci¡; naval battle off m, basipilae cert§men |inis n; play Tenedos pugna n§v§lis ante baseball basipil§ l»dere Tenedum; successful battle proelium baseman (first, second, third) (pr¿mus, secundum secundus, tertius) basi§ri·us |¿ m (·a battlefield aci·¡s |¡¿ f |ae f) bay sin·us |»s m, recess·us |»s m basement hypog¡·um |¿ n bay window pr«iect»r·a |ae f basic training rud¿menta npl m¿lit§ria be sum esse fu¿ fut»rus, exst·« |§re; be basics element·a |«rum npl here, be present adsum adesse adfu¿; basin aqu§l·is |is m(f) be off to abe« |¿re |i¿ |itum hinc ad (+ acc); be fine bene s¡ hab¡re; basket corb·is |is m; make a basket val·e« |¡re |u¿; be up for sale v¡n·e« follem per corbem iac·i« |ere i¡c¿ |¿re |i¿; be up in years aet§te basketball corbifoll·is |is m; play pr«vect·us |a |um esse; be up to a basketball corbifolle l»dere (see task oper¿ par esse Chapter V) beach l¿t·us |oris n bass viol contr§bass·um |¿ n beach chair sell·a |ae f l¿tor§lis (or bat tr & intr cl§v« puls§re cubit«ria) 278 Conversational Latin beak r«str·um |¿ n bed-ridden val¡t»din§ri·us |a |um beam trabs, trabis f bedroom dorm¿t«rium cubicul·um |¿ n bean fab·a |ae f; (kidney bean) bedspread opert«ri·um |¿ n, peristr«m·a phas¡l·us |¿ mf |atis n bear tr fer·« ferre tul¿ l§tus; (children, bee ap·is |is f; bees buzz ap¡s bombilant young) par·i« |ere peper¿ partus; (to beef b»bul·a |ae f; roast beef b»bula tolerate) toler§re; bear in mind assa record§r¿ beehive alve·us |¿ m bear urs·us |¿ m, urs·a |ae f; bears grunt urs¿ grunniunt beer cervisi·a |ae f bear cub ursae catul·us |¿ m beer glass hyal·us |¿ m cervis§rius beard barb·a |ae f beer mug urce·us |¿ m cervis§rius beat tr (with fists, clubs) (pugn¿s, beet b¡t·a |ae f f»stibus) caed·« |ere cec¿d¿ caesus; before adv ante§ (eggs) coagit§re; beat up conc¿d·« |ere |¿ conc¿sus; (in combat, in before conj antequam, priusquam (+ competition) vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ victus; indic) beat the daylights out of pulchre before prep ante (+ acc); (directly in percopol§re ¶ intr beat around the front of) pr« (+ abl); before daylight bush circumiti«ne »t·or |¿ »sus sum ante l»cem; before long propediem; beautician «rn§tr·¿x |¿cis f before now anteh§c beautiful pulch·er |ra |rum, form«s·us begin incip·i« |ere inc¡p¿ inceptus; |a |um begin at incipere ab (+ abl); begin to beauty pulchrit»d·« |inis f bloom fl«r¡sc·« |ere; to begin with pr¿mum enim beaver fi·ber |br¿ m beginning pr¿ncipi·um |¿ n; at the because quod, quia, quoniam beginning of the year pr¿ncipi« ann¿; become f¿« fier¿ factus sum ineunte ann«; from the very becoming dec·¡ns |entis beginning iam inde § pr¿ncipi« bed lect·us |¿ m; (small) lectul·us |¿ m; behave (to act) s¡ ger·« |ere gess¿; bed of roses ros§ri·um |¿ n; be behave oneself s¡ prob¡ gerere confined to bed lect« ten·eor |¡r¿ behind prep post (+ acc); (with verbs of tentus sum; get out of bed ¡ lect« motion) p«ne (+ acc); (in the rear of) sur·g« |gere |r¡x¿; go to bed cubitum § terg« (+ gen) ¿re; make the bed lectum (or behind s (anat) post¿c·um |¿ n lectulum) stern·« |ere str§v¿ str§tus bedbug scin¿ph·is |is m believe cr¡d·« |ere cr¡did¿ cr¡ditum (+ dat); believe me mihi cr¡de bed covers str§gul·a |«rum npl bell camp§n·a |ae f; (small bell) bedding str§gul·a |«rum npl tintinn§bul·um |¿ n; bell tower bed frame spond·a |ae f camp§n¿l·e |is n General Vocabulary 279 bellow (or low) b«§re; m»g·i« |¿re |¿v¿ bicycle handlebars manubri·um |¿ n or |i¿ |¿tum bicycle pedal ped§l·e |is n belly alv·us |¿ f bicycle seat sessibul·um |¿ n belt cingul·um |¿ n; z«n·a |ae f (wide bicylist birot§ri·us |¿ m, birot§ri·a |ae f belt, usu. of cloth, used by men and women with a tunic; often used as big magn·us |a |um; ampl·us |a |um; money belt) talk big ampull§r¿ bench scabell·um |¿ n, scamn·um |¿ n big-hearted magnanim·us |a |um bend intr s¡ flect·« |ere flex¿; bend big-mouth: big-mouth! «s d»rum!; he down (or over) (stoop) s¡ incl¿n§re was always a big-mouth semper d»rae buccae fuit bend s (of a river) flex·us |»s m big toe poll·ex |icis m berry bacc·a |ae f bike see bicycle besides adv porr«, praetere§ besides prep praeter (+ acc) bile b¿l·is |is f besiege (blockade) a town oppidum bill (parl) rog§ti·« |«nis f; (of money obs¿d·« |ere obs¡d¿ obsessus owed) rati·« |«nis f d¡bit¿; (paper money) numm·us |¿ m chart§reus, best adv maxim¡; (especially) schedinumm·us |¿ m; ten-dollar bill potissimum nummus chart§reus decem best s do one’s best pr« vir¿l¿ parte; dollar«rum make the best of it aequ« anim« fer« biographer v¿tae (alic»ius) scr¿p·tor ferre tul¿ l§tus; to the best of one’s |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f); biograph·us abilty pr« v¿ribus |¿ m (·a |ae f) best adj optim·us |a |um; (friend) biographical biographic·us |a |um summ·us |a |um; it is best to optimum est (+ inf) biography v¿t·a |ae f, biographi·a |ae f bet s sp«nsi·« |«nis f; (the stake) biological biologic·us |a |um; biological pign·us |oris n warfare bell·um |¿ n biologicum bet tr I bet he has taken off p«n« eum biologist biolog·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) ab¿visse; I bet you he doesn’t win t¡ biology biologi·a |ae f sp«nsi«ne pr«voc« illum n«n esse vict»rum bird av·is |is f egg «v·um |¿ n better adj it’s better to commodius est feather penn·a |ae f (+ inf); there, that’s better! em istuc flap the wings §l¿s plaud·« |ere r¡ctius!; where is your better half? plaus¿ plausum ubinam est tua altera? flight vol§t·us |»s m better adv melius fly vol§re; fly away §vol§re better s it’s for the better in melius est land (on) ¿ns¿d·« |ere ¿ns¡d¿ (+ dat) nest n¿d·us |¿ m; build a nest beyond ultr§ (+ acc) n¿dific§re bicycle birot·a |ae f; ride a bicycle sing can·« |ere cecin¿ cantum birot§ veh·or |¿ vectus sum song cant·us |»s m 280 Conversational Latin

tail caud·a |ae f blame s culp·a |ae f; push the blame on wing §l·a |ae f culpam in (+ acc) c«nfer« c«nferre contul¿ coll§tus birth n§tivit·§s |§tis f blame tr culp§re, inc»s§re; blame s.o. birthday di·¡s |¡¿ m n§t§lis (or simply for aliquem culp§re ob (+ acc); I am n§t§l·is |is m); Happy Birthday! to blame in culp§ sum; I don’t F¡l¿cem N§t§lem (tibi exopt«) blame you tibi n«n improper« birthday cake l¿b·um |¿ n n§t§licium bland l¡n·is |is |e birthday party n§t§lici·a |ae f; give blanket l«d·¿x |¿cis f; blanket of snow (throw) a birthday party n§t§liciam tegim·en |inis n niveum dare (agit§re) blast fl§t·us |»s m birthday present n§t§lici·um |¿ n bleachers for·¿ |«rum mpl birth place n§t§lis loc·us |¿ m bleat (of sheep, rams) b§l§re bishop episcop·us |¿ m blender m§chin·a |ae f conc¿s«ria bit: a bit of advice (food) aliquid bless (eccles.) bene·d¿c·« |d¿cere |d¿x¿; c«nsili¿ (cib¿) bless you! d¿ t¡ ament!; (after s.o. bite mors·us |»s m; (of a snake, insect) has sneezed) salv¡! or sal»tem! ict·us |»s m; a bite to eat gustul·us |¿ blind caec·us |a |um m blind alley fundul·a |ae f bite tr mord·e« |¡re momord¿ morsus; blindness caecit·§s |§tis f (of a snake, insect) ¿c·« |ere |¿ ictus blinds (on window) tr§nsenn·a |ae f bitter acerb·us |a |um; (in taste) vol»bilis; close (open) the blinds am§r·us |a |um tr§nsennam aperi« |¿re |u¿ (d¡mitt·« |ere d¡m¿s¿ d¡missus) bitterly: complain bitterly graviter queror quer¿ questus sum; cry block (of a city) v¿c·us |¿ m; s (sports) bitterly graviter lacrim§re, »bertim obstructi·« |«nis f fle« fl¡re fl¡v¿ block tr & intr (sports) obst« obst§re bitterness acerbit·§s |§tis f; (esp. of obstit¿ (+ dat), obstru·« |ere obstrux¿ taste) am§rit»d·« |inis f obstructus blockhead (slang) caud·ex |icis m black §t·er |ra |rum; (shiny black) nig·er |ra |rum blond fl§v·us |a |um black and blue l¿vid·us |a |um; black blood sangu·is |inis m; (outside the and blue mark l¿v·or |«ris m body) cru·or |«ris m blackbird merul·a |ae f (see bird) blood pressure press»r·a |ae f sanguinis; high blood pressure blackboard tabul·a |ae f §tra, tabul·a hypert«ni·a |ae f |ae f scr¿pt«ria bloodshot: he has bloodshot eyes ocul¿ bladder v¡s¿c·a |ae f eius sanguine suff»s¿ sunt blade l§min·a |ae f blouse p¡l»si·a |ae f, bl»s·a |ae f General Vocabulary 281 blow fl§re; blow hard perfl§re bomb s missil·e |is n dirump¡ns, bludgeon s f»st·is |is m bomb·a |ae f; atomic bomb bomba atomica; nuclear bomb bomba bludgeon tr f»ste (or f»stibus) conc¿d·« nucle§ris |ere conc¿d¿ conc¿sus; bludgeon to death f»stig§re bomb tr missilibus dirumpentibus concut·i« |ere concuss¿ concussus blueberry vacc¿ni·um |¿ n bombastic bull§t·us |a |um blunt (not sharp) heb·es |etis; (abrupt) inurb§n·us |a |um bomber §eroplan·um |¿ n bombiferum bond (on the stockmarket) chr¡mato- bluntly l¿berius graph·um |¿ n blurt out effut·i« |¿re bone os, ossis n blush ¡rub¡sc·« |ere ¡rubu¿ book li·ber |br¿ m bluster (boasting) iact§ti·« |«nis f book bag mantic·a |ae f libr§ria blustery vent«s·us |a |um book binder gl»tin§t·or |«ris m boar ap·er |r¿ m; boars grunt apr¿ bookcase biblioth¡c·a |ae f; built-in grunniunt bookcase biblioth¡ca pariet¿ ¿nserta board (of wood) tabul·a |ae f; (food) book cover tegiment·um |¿ n libr¿ vict·us |»s m; (council) c«nsili·um |¿ n; room and board m§nsi·« |«nis f bookkeeper actu§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) et vict·us |»s m bookmark s (comput) not·a |ae f board tr (a ship, vehicle, airplane) bookseller bibliop«l·a |ae mf ¿nscend·« |ere |¿ in (+ acc) bookshelf plute·us |¿ m, pegm·a |atis n boarding school oecotroph¡·um |¿ n libr§rium boardwalk ambul§cr·um |¿ n in l¿tore bookstore libr§ri·a |ae f; bibliopol·a |ae boastful iact·§ns |antis f body corp·us |oris n boorish agrest·is |is |e bodyguard satell¿t·¡s |um mpl boot p¡r·« |«nis m (of rawhide, reaching up to the calf, worn by peasants, boil tr fervefac·i« |ere fervef¡c¿ shepherds, soldiers); calig·a |ae f fervefactus; boil thoroughly ¡lix§re (worn by soldiers of lower rank) ¶ intr bull§re, ferv·e« |¡re ferbu¿; it makes my blood boil facit ut sanguis booting up (comput) initi§ti·« |«nis f ab ¿r§ ferv¡scit syst¡matis boiled ¡lix·us |a |um boot up (comput) initi§re syst¡ma bold aud·§x |§cis booze t¡m¡t·um |¿ n boldness aud§ci·a |ae f border f¿n·is |is m, c«nf¿ni·um |¿ n bolt s (on a door) ser·a |ae f, pessul·us border on atting·« |ere (+ acc) |¿ m; bolt of lightning fulmen n bore s molest·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); don’t fulminis be a bore n¡ s¿s odi«sus (-a) bolt tr bolt the door «stium obser§re bore tr obtund·« |ere obtud¿ obt»sus 282 Conversational Latin boring taedi«sus |a |um bowling lane vi·a |ae f c«n§ria born: be born n§sc·or |¿ n§tus (-a) sum bowling pin c«n·us |¿ m (l»s«rius) borrow m»tu·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; borrow box pugi(l)l§re money at interest pec»niam faenor¿ boxer pugil, pugil·is m m»tu§r¿ boxing pugil§t·us |»s m, pugil§ti·« |«nis bosom sin·us |»s m; (of a female) f (see Chapter V) mamill·ae |§rum fpl boxing champion pugilum r¡x, r¡gis m boss (owner) domin·us |¿ m; (coll) ipsim·us |¿ m, ipsim·a |ae f boxing glove caest·us |»s m both uterque utraque utrumque; both of boxing match pugil§t«rium cert§m·en us [lit:, “each” of us] uterque |inis n nostrum boxing ring suggest·us |»s m bother (annoy) exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus; pugil§t«rius don’t bother n«l¿ t¡ (pl: n«l¿te v«s) boyfriend (or girlfriend) am·§ns |antis mov¡re; don’t bother me n¡ mihi mf molestus (-a) s¿s boyhood pueriti·a |ae f, aet·§s |§tis f bothered exercit§t·us |a |um puer¿lis; from boyhood on § puer« bothersome molest·us |a |um bra strophi·um |¿ n, mamill§r·e |is n boundary f¿n·is |is m; (dividing line) bracelet armill·a |ae f (worn on the discr¿m·en |inis n; at the boundary upper arm by the Romans) between Italy and Switzerland ad discr¿men Italiae et Helv¡tiae brag s¡ iact§re; brag about iact§re; he brags too much about his money bounded: on the east it is bounded by pec»niam nimis iactat … ab oriente clauditur (+ abl) brain cerebr·um |¿ n; brains corcill·um bowels alv·us |¿ f |¿ n, cor, cordis n; she’s got brains bowl intr globum volut§re, c«n¿s l»dere; corcillum habet bowl a strike omn¡s c«n«s (simul) brake s suffl§m·en |inis n; apply the pr«stern·« |ere pr«str§v¿; go bowling brake rot§s suffl§min§re ¿re l»sum c«n«rum brake lights (autoraedae) l»min·a |um bowl s cr§t·¡r |¡ris m, lanx, lancis f; npl post¿ca (large with handles) cat¿n·us |¿ m; (smaller) catill·us |¿ m brake pedal ped§l·e |is n suffl§minis bowling c«n«rum l»s·us |»s m, brandy v¿n¿ spirit·us |»s m c«nil»di·um |¿ n (see Chapter V) brat proc·§x |§cis p»si·« |«nis m, bowling alley c«n«rum vi·a |ae f; (the frust·um |¿ n puer¿ (or puellae) room) oec·us |¿ m c«n«rum l»s»s; bray (of a mule) rud·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tum (the building) aedifici·um |¿ n c«n«rum l»s»s bread p§n·is |is m; loaf of bread p§nis bowling ball glob·us |¿ m l»s«rius; breadcrumb m¿c·a |ae f p§nis globus m c«n«rum breaded saligne·us |a |um General Vocabulary 283 breadth l§tit»d·« |inis f; in breadth in brief brev·is |is |e; make it brief! in l§tit»dinem pauca c«nfer! break tr (arm, dish, law, treaty, one’s briefly breviter, summ§tim, pauc¿s word) frang·« |ere fr¡g¿ fr§ctus; (a (verb¿s); to put it briefly ut breviter law) viol§re; (silence, law) rump·« d¿cam |ere r»p¿ ruptus; break one’s word fidem frangere ¶ intr break into a bright: (beaming) nitid·us |a |um; home dom»s pariet¡s perfod·i« |ere (smart) l»culent·us |a |um; (eyes) perf«d¿ perf«ssus veget·us |a |um; (day, sky) ser¡n·us |a |um; (moon, stars, gems) l»cid·us breakfast ient§cul·um |¿ n; eat |a |um; breakfast ient§re; ient§culum s»m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus brilliant! sophos!; doct¡!; absolutely brilliant! imm« doct¡! breaking and entering, break-in effr§ct»r·a |ae f bring (along) affer« afferre attul¿ breast (of a female) mamm·a |ae f, all§tus; bring about effic·i« |ere mammill·a |ae f eff¡c¿ effectus, c«nfici«; bring oneself to (do s.th.) animum ind»c·« breast stroke nat§ti·« |«nis f pr«na |ere ind»x¿ ut (+ subj); bring to breath: catch one’s breath respir§re; order in «rdinem c«g·« |ere co¡g¿ anh¡litum recipere co§ctus breathe sp¿r§re; breathe in ¿nsp¿r§re; broad l§t·us |a |um breathe out exsp¿r§re broadcast s ¡missi·« |«nis f breeze ventul·us |¿ m, aur·a |ae f broadcast tr ¡mitt·« |ere ¡m¿s¿ ¡missus brew tr brew beer cerevisiam coqu·« |ere cox¿ coctus ¶ intr there is some broadcast station ¡mistr·um |¿ n trouble brewing nesci« quid mal¿ brocade s¡ric·um |¿ n aur« (or argent«) concinn§tur intextum (or intertextum) brewery (of beer) brac¿n·a |ae f broil torr·e« |¡re |u¿ tostus bribe s preti·um |¿ n broke: be broke solvend« n«n esse bribe tr corrump·« |ere corr»p¿ brooch f¿bul·a |ae f corruptus brook r¿vul·us |¿ m bribery corrupt¡l·a |ae f; (in politics) ambit·us |»s m; influenced by broom sc«p·ae |§rum fpl bribery corrupt·us |a |um broth i»s, i»ris n, i»scul·um |¿ n brick adj laterici·us |a |um brother fr§·ter |tris m brick s lat·er |eris m (coct¿lis = baked); brother-in-law (sister’s husband) lay bricks later¡s stru·« |ere strux¿ mar¿t·us |¿ m sor«ris; (husband’s structus brother) l¡·vir |vir¿ m bricklayer laterum str»ct·or |«ris m brown fusc·us |a |um bride n»pt·a |ae f browse (comput) (the Web) n§vig§re; bridegroom mar¿t·us |¿ m (text documents) perl»str§re 284 Conversational Latin browser (comput) (Web viewer) bulletin board tabul·a |ae f p»blica n§vig§tr·um |¿ n; (viewer of text bully grass§t·or |«ris m documents) perl»str§tr·um |¿ n bump: bump against offend·« |ere |¿; bruise s cont»si·« |«nis f bump into s.o. (meet accidentally) bruise tr contund·« |ere contud¿ alicui occurr·« |ere |¿ cont»sus bumper cont·us |¿ m t»t«rius brunette fusc·us |a |um bun coll£r·is |idis f brush s p¡nicul·us |¿ m bundle up (against the cold) s¡ bene brush tr verr·« |ere |¿; brush the teeth oper·i« |¿re |u¿ dent¡s purg§re bunker (golf) obst§cul·um |¿ n; (mil) bucket situl·a |ae f; come down in subterr§neum castell·um |¿ n buckets »rce§tim cad·it |ere cecidit burden on·us |eris n; place the whole c§s»rus; rain buckets »rce§tim burden on my shoulders mihi omne pluere; kick the bucket animam onus imp«nere ¡bull·i« |¿re |¿v¿ bureau ministeri·um |¿ n; (chest) buckle up s¡ accing·« |ere acc¿nx¿; arm§ri·um |¿ n buckle up! t¡ accinge (pl: v«s burglar effr§ct·or |«ris m, (parietum) accingite) perfoss·or |«ris m buddy convict·or |«ris m; contubern§lis burglary (dom»s) latr«cini·um |¿ n; |is mf commit a burglary pariet¡s buffalo »r·us |¿ m perfod·i« |ere perf«d¿ perf«ssus bug c¿m·ex |icis m burn tr ur·« |ere »ss¿ »stus; (burn to buggy c¿si·um |¿ n; ride in a buggy ashes) crem§re; burn down d¡urere c¿si« veh·or |¿ vectus sum ¶ intr ard·e« |¡re |u¿ build exstru·« |ere exstrux¿ exstructus, burner disc·us |¿ m coct«rius aedific§re burst out laughing r¿sum effund·« |ere builder struct·or |«ris m, aedific§t·or eff»d¿ |«ris m bury the hatchet (fig) simult§tem building aedifici·um |¿ n; put up a d¡p«n·« |ere d¡posu¿ building aedificium exstru·« |ere bus raed·a |ae f longa, coenautoc¿n¡t·um exstrux¿ exstructus |¿ n building material aedific§nd¿ materi·a bus driver coenautoc¿n¡t¿ gubern§·tor |ae f |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) bull taur·us |¿ m; (slang) f§bul·§e |§rum bush: don’t beat around the bush n«l¿ fpl; bull’s eye scop·us |¿ m medius; (pl: n«l¿te) sch¡m§s loqu¿; he didn’t sling the bull (slang) c«nf§bul·or beat around the bush n¿l |§r¿ |§tus sum circumiti«ne »sus est bullet gl§ns, glandis f plumbea bushed: be bushed d¡·fici« |ficere |f¡c¿ bulletin libell·us |¿ m; (message) |fectus n»nti·us |¿ m bushel medimn·us |¿ m General Vocabulary 285 business adj neg«ti§l·is |is |e button s globul·us |¿ m; (comput) business s neg«ti·um |¿ n; be engaged pl¡ctr·um |¿ n in business in neg«ti« vers·or |§r¿ button tr globul¿s string·« |ere str¿nx¿ |§tus sum; do (or carry on) business str¿ctus neg«ti·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; I always buttonhole s.o. aliquem preh¡ns§re mind my own business neg«tium ag« semper meum; it’s my (your, buy em·« |ere ¡m¿ ¡mptus; par§re (from etc.) business to see what’s going on s.o. d¡ aliqu«); buy at a bargain meum (tuum, etc.) est vid¡re quid bene emere ag§tur; run a business neg«tium buyer ¡mpt·or |«ris m, ¡mptr·¿x |¿cis f exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus; put s.o. out of buzz (of a bee, horsefly) bombil§re business aliquem d¡ neg«ti« d¡ic·i« |ere d¡i¡c¿ d¡iectus; transact by (a certain time, not later than) ad (+ business with s.o. neg«tium cum acc); by January ad m¡nsem aliqu« tr§ns·ig« |igere |¡g¿ |§ctus; I§nu§rium; by myself per m¡; by that’s none of your business nihil now iam; by the way obiter ad t¡ attinet; what business is it of bye bene val¡ (pl: val¡te) yours? quid id ad t¡ attinet? bypass circuit·us |»s m business card chartul·a |ae f neg«ti§lis bystander pers«n·a |ae f m»ta; among business district empori·um |¿ n the bystanders in circumstantibus business establishment (with its byte (comput) oct¡t·us |¿ m premises) neg«ti§ti·« |«nis f business letter epistul·a |ae f neg«ti§lis C businessman neg«ti§t·or |«ris m cabbage brassic·a |ae f, cramb·¡ |¡s f businesswoman neg«ti§tr·¿x |¿cis f cabinet (of advisors) summum bust im§g·« |inis f c«nsili·um |¿ n; (furniture) busy occup§t·us |a |um, neg«ti«s·us |a zoth¡cul·a |ae f |um; be busy sat·ag« |agere |¡g¿ cabinet member c«nsili§ri·us |¿ m (·a busy: busy oneself with vers·or |§r¿ |ae f) vers§tus sum in (+ abl) cackle (of geese) gring·i« |¿re; (of hens) busybody ard¡li·« |«nis mf gracill§re but sed, v¡rum; (when objecting to or cafe caf¡·um |¿ n correcting a previous statement) at cafeteria refect«ri·um |¿ n butcher lani·us |¿ m (see chapter on cage cave·a |ae f food) cahoots: be in cahoots with s.o. cum butcher shop lani¡na |ae f aliqu« coll»·d« |dere |s¿ butter b»t£r·um |¿ n cake placent·a |ae f; (esp. for birthdays) butter tr b»t£rum adhib¡re ad (+ acc) l¿b·um |¿ n butterfly p§pili·« |«nis m calculator m§chinul·a |ae f calcul§t«ria 286 Conversational Latin calendar calend§ri·um |¿ n; (in the cap pille·us |¿ m Roman period) fast·¿ |«rum mpl cape pr«mont«ri·um |¿ n; (clothing) calf vitul·us |¿ m, vitul·a |ae f; (anat) humer§l·e |is n s»r·a |ae f capital cap·ut |itis n call (name) n«min§re, voc§re, appell§re, capital letter s litter·a |ae f grandis d¿cere, nuncup§re; (summon) ad s¡ (opp: littera min»ta); littera voc§re; arcess·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tus; call m§iuscula (opp: minuscula) roll n«mina cit§re; call up the troops ¡voc§re c«pi§s capital punishment supplici·um |¿ n capitis; suffer capital punishment callous d»r·us |a |um supplici« capitis afficior affic¿ callousness d»riti·a |ae f affectus sum calm adj placid·us |a |um captain (of a ship) nauarch·us |¿ m calm s tranquillit·§s |§tis f vent¿, car autoc¿n¡t·um |¿ n, (auto) raed·a |ae f malaci·a |ae f (used interchangeably); car door raedae «stiol·um |¿ n; car key cl§vis calmly aequ« anim« |is f acc¡ns¿va; car wash raedae camel cam¡l·us |¿ m; camel’s hump lav§ti·« |«nis f; (place) raedae gibb·er |eris m lav§t«ri·um |¿ n; drive a car raedam camera ph«tom§chin·a |ae f, m§chinul·a gubern§re or agere; get (buy) a car |ae f ph«tographica raedam compar§re; go by (or in a) car raed§ e« ¿re ¿v¿ or i¿; put the car camp castr·a |«rum npl; camp ground into the garage raedam in camp·us |¿ m tent«rius recept§cul« colloc§re; ride in a car campaign intr (pol) amb·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or raed§ vehor veh¿ vectus sum; stop |i¿ |itum the car raedam sist« sistere stit¿; campaign s expediti·« |«nis f; (pol) take (or go for) a ride in a car pet¿ti·« |«nis f gest§ti«nem raed§ facere; take s.o. by car aliquem raed§ d»cere can aux. v. possum posse potu¿, que« qu¿re qu¿v¿ or qui¿ carbon copy exempl·ar |§ris n carboneum can s v§scul·um |¿ n stanneum card chartul·a |ae f; (playing card) canal foss·a |ae f chartul·a |ae f l»s«ria; (ace b¿ni·« canary fringill·a |ae f Can§ria (see bird) |«nis m; jack pedisequ·us |¿ m; joker chartul·a |ae f fort»n§ns; king cancer can·cer |cr¿ m r¡x, r¡gis m; queen r¡g¿n·a |ae f; candid candid·us |a |um, apert·us |a club crux, crucis (gen pl: crucum) f; |um diamond r»t·a |ae f; heart cor, candidate candid§t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), cord·is n; spade p§l·a |ae f); card pet¿·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) game chartul§rum (l»s«ri§rum) l»s·us |»s m; play cards chartul¿s candy cuppedi·ae |§rum fpl; piece of (l»s«ri¿s) l»dere; shuffle (cut, deal) candy dulciol·um |¿ n the cards chartul§s misc·e« |¡re |u¿ canvas textil·e |is n; a painting on m¿xtus (s¡p«n·« |ere s¡posu¿ canvas p¿ct»ra in textil¿ s¡positus, distribu·« |ere |u¿); suit General Vocabulary 287

col·or |«ris m; trick vic¡s fpl (»nae, s¿ r¡s s¿c habet; in any case b¿nae, tr¿nae, quaternae); trump utcumque; in case you have not … col·or |«ris m prael§tus; intr s¿ minus … ; in no case chartul§s fer·i« |¿re haudqu§quam; in that case igitur; e« care c»r·a |ae f; (diligence) d¿ligenti·a c§s»; lose a case causam per·d« |ae f; take good care of your |dere |did¿; plead a case causam health! c»r§ d¿ligenter val¡t»dinem ag·« |ere ¡g¿; settle a case (out of tuam! court) l¿tem comp«n·« |ere composu¿ compositus; win a case care for (like) c»r§re; for all I care me§ caus§ (or i»dici«) vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ caus§; I don’t care about such victus; since that’s the case quae things ista n«n c»r«; I don’t care for cum ita sint; that’s not the case n«n her ea me« cord¿ n«n c§ra est; I ita r¡s est don’t care to say more n«n libet cash argent·um |¿ n present§rium, pl»ra d¿cere; I don’t really care as numer§t·um |¿ n; I need cold cash long as … me§ n¿l r¡fert dum (+ opus mihi est numm¿s calid¿s; pay indic); take care of (treat) c»r§re; $10 in cash for d¡numer§re decem take care of yourself c»r§ ut vale§s dollar«s praesent§ri«s pr« (+ abl) (pl: c»r§te ut vale§tis); what do I care! quid me§! cashier arc§ri·us |¿ m, arc§ri·a |ae f carefree s¡c»r·us |a |um casino ale§t«ri·um |¿ n careful d¿lig·¡ns |entis casserole coct«ri·um |¿ n careless inc»ri«s·us |a |um cassette cas¡t·a |ae f; (for video) cas¡ta magn¡toscopica carelessness inc»ri·a |ae f cassette recorder cas¡toph«n·um |¿ n carpenter fa·ber |br¿ m tign§rius cast a shadow: umbrae respond·e« |¡re carpet tap¡t·um |¿ n |¿; the tree cast a ten-foot shadow carrot car«t·a |ae f arbor umbrae decem pedum respondit carry ger« gerere gess¿ gestus; (luggage) cast a vote suffr§gium fer« ferre tul¿ b§iul§re; don’t get carried away l§tus with enthusiasm n«l¿ (pl: n«l¿te) cat f¡l·is or f¡l·¡s |is f, catt·a |ae f, studi« efferr¿. catt·us |¿ m; cats meow f¡l¡s f¡liunt; cartilage cartil§g·« |inis f cats purr f¡l¡s murmurant carve sculp·« |ere |s¿ |tus catch s there’s a catch to it enim istaec case (container) th¡c·a |ae f; (gram) capti« est; what’s the catch? quid c§s·us |»s m; (leg) caus·a |ae f, l¿s, est capti«? l¿tis f; a noun in the genitive case catch tr (fish) capt§re; (baseball) n«men genit¿v« c§s», (or more excip·i« |ere exc¡p¿ exceptus; (what rarely) n«men c§s»s genit¿v¿; as is one has said) exaud·i« |¿re |¿v¿; generally the case ut c«nsuet»d« est; catch a cold grav¡dine affl¿g·or |¿ civil case causa pr¿v§ta; criminal affl¿ctus sum; catch hell conv¿cium case causa p»blica; in that case e« hab¡re; catch red-handed flagrant¿ c§s»; igitur; get off my case! n¡ mihi d¡lict« d¡prehen·d« |dere |d¿ |sus; molestus (-a) s¿s!; if that’s the case catch sight of c«nspic·i« |ere 288 Conversational Latin

c«nspex¿; catch up with c«n·sequor ceiling t¡ct·um |¿ n; (arched or vaulted) |sequ¿ |sec»tus sum; I didn’t quite camer·a |ae f; (paneled) lac»n·ar catch what you said n«n satis |§ris n exaudi¡bam dicta tua; let me catch celebrate celebr§re my breath, please sine resp¿rem, celery hel¡osel¿n·um |¿ n quaes« cellar cell§ri·um |¿ n subterr§neum; catcher except·or |«ris m, exceptr·¿x hypog¡·um |¿ n |¿cis f cello violoncell·um |¿ n caterpillar ¡r»c·a |ae f; (machine) cell phone t¡leph«nul·um |¿ n port§bile vehicul·um |¿ n ¡r»c§tum cement caement·um |¿ n catsup see ketchup cemetery coem¡t¡ri·um |¿ n cattle bov·¡s |um mpl (dat & abl pl: censor c¡ns·or |«ris m b«bus or b»bus); (collective) pec·us |oris n; cattle bellow (or low) bov¡s census popul¿ rec¡ns·us |»s m m»giunt; head of cattle pec·us cent cent¡sim·a |ae f; I don’t owe |oris n anyone a red cent assem aer§rium cauliflower brassic·a |ae f Pomp¡i§na n¡min¿ debe« central medi·us |a |um cause tr fac·i« |ere f¡c¿ factus; (pain, swelling, war) move« mov¡re m«v¿ central heating calefacti·« |«nis f m«tus; (stir up) excit§re; what centr§lis caused him to leave? quid f¡cit ut century saecul·um |¿ n ab¿ret? cereal cere§l·e |is n causeway agger, aggeris m viae certain cert·us |a |um; a certain person caution cauti·« |«nis f; exercise caution qu¿dam, quaedam; I don’t know for cav·e« |¡re c§v¿ cautum certain n«n cert« (or certum) sci«; I take it as certain pr« cert« habe« cautious caut·us |a |um certainly cert¡, profect«; (in replies to cavalry equit§t·us |»s m denote emphatic agreement) s§n¡; (in cave spec·us |»s m answers) cert« cavern sp¡lunc·a |ae f chain cat¡n·a |ae f; (small chain, esp. used for ornament) catell·a |ae f; the CD compactus disc·us |¿ m Apennines extending in an CD player discoph«n·um |¿ n unbroken chain from the Alps to … Apenn¿nus m«ns perpetu¿s iug¿s CD-ROM orbicul·us |¿ m opticus ab Alpibus tend¡ns ad (+ acc) CD-ROM drive ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n chair (normally without back or arm- orbicul¿s legend¿s rests) sell·a |ae f; (w. rounded back) cease-fire ind»ti·ae |§rum fpl; call for a arciselli·um |¿ n; arm of a chair cease-fire ind»ti§s posc·« |ere anc·« |«nis m; back of a chair poposc¿; the cease-fire is holding. arc·us |»s m sellae ind»tiae d»rant . chairlift t¡lepheric·a |ae f sell§ris General Vocabulary 289 chairman magis·ter |tr¿ m charming (esp. to the eye) amoen·us |a chalk cr¡t·a |ae f |um; (cute) bell·us |a |um; (beautiful) venust·us |a |um; (in manner) chamber pot lasan·um |¿ n, matell·a |ae lepid·us |a |um f chartreuse chlor¿n·us |a |um chance (opportunity) potest·§s |§tis f; by chance forte, c§s»; he didn’t give chaste cast·us |a |um, pud¿c·us |a |um me a chance to answer mihi n«n chat intr fabul·or |§r¿ |§tus sum potest§tem dedit responend¿ chat s have a chat with c«nf§bul§r¿ cum chancellor cancell§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) (+ abl) chandelier lampadum corymb·us |¿ m chatter balbut·i« |¿re; my teeth are change s m»t§ti·« |«nis f; (coins) chattering dentibus crepit« numm·¿ |«rum mpl min«r¡s, chauffeur autoraed§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) nummul¿ mpl; change of heart anim¿ cheap v¿l·is |is |e; be dirt cheap pr« m»t§ti«; for a change variet§tis caus§ lut« esse change tr m»t§re; (buses, trains, cheaply parv« or v¿l¿ preti«; more planes) m»t§re (autoraed§s long§s, cheaply min«ris preti¿ tr§mina, §ëroplana); change one’s cheat fraud§re; (in school) f»rtim mind sententiam m»t§re ¶ intr exscr¿b·« |ere exscr¿ps¿; cheat m»t§r¿; the wind changed ventus s¡ someone out of his money aliquem vertit argent« fraud§re changing (weather) vari·us |a |um check s syngraph·a |ae f; (bill) rati·« channel can§l·is |is m, can§licul·us |¿ |«nis f numm§ria; cash a check m; (arm of the sea) fr¡t·um |¿ n arc§ri« syngrapham praeb·e« |¡re |u¿ solvendam; write a check chapter cap·ut |itis n syngrapham perscr¿b·« |ere perscr¿ps¿ character m«r·¡s |um mpl, indol·¡s |is f check tr (investigate) scr»t·or |§r¿ |§tus character witness advoc§t·us |¿ m (·a sum, invest¿g§re; (mark with a check |ae f) mark) vigul§ not§re; (to indicate an charge s cr¿m·en |inis n; capital charge error) vigul§ c¡ns«ri§ not§re; check capit§le cr¿men; false charge luggage sarcin§s mand§re; check off calumni·a |ae f; bring or file (make a check mark at) not§re; check charges against s.o. cr¿mina alicui out (inquire into) inqu¿r·« |ere ¿nfer« ¿nferre intul¿ ill§tus inqu¿s¿v¿ inqu¿s¿tus in (+ acc) charge tr (rush against) incurr·« |ere |¿; check into a hotel n«men in tabul§s charge a price for pretium d¡vers«ri¿ refer« referre retul¿; check c«nstitu·« |ere |¿ (+ dat); charge s.o. out of a hotel § d¡vers«ri« disc¡d·« with a crime aliquem cr¿mine (or d¡ |ere disc¡ss¿ (post rati«nem cr¿mine or cr¿minis) argu·« |ere |¿ comp«nendam) arg»tus checker latruncul·us |¿ m; checkers charm amoenit·§s |§tis f, lep·us |«ris m; (game) latruncul«rum l»d·us |¿ m; (jewelry) amul¡t·um |¿ n play checkers latruncul¿s l»dere; 290 Conversational Latin

jump (an opponent’s checker) chicken gall¿n·a |ae f, (gall¿n§ceus) tr§nsil·i« |¿re |u¿; king r¡x, r¡gis m pull·us |¿ m; (as food) gall¿n§ce·a |ae f check mark (indicating error) virgul·a |ae f c¡ns«ria chicken coop gall¿n§ri·um |¿ n cheek gen·a |ae f chicken-hearted m»ricid·us |a |um cheer intr accl§m§re chief (principal) pr¿nc·eps |ipis cheer s cl§m·or |«ris m; cheers! pr«sit! chief of police praefect·us |¿ m vigilum cheer up tr (ex)hilar§re, laetific§re ¶ children l¿ber·¿ |«rum mpl intr cheer up! hab¡ (pl: hab¡te) chilly fr¿gidul·us |a |um; it’s getting animum bonum! chilly aër fr¿g¡scit cheerful hilar·us |a |um chimney f»m§ri·um |¿ n cheerfulness hilarit»d·« |inis f chin ment·um |¿ n cheese c§se·us |¿ m China fictilia Sin¡nsium v§s·a |«rum npl cheese cake savill·um |¿ n chirp (birds) p¿pil§re, p¿p§re; chef archimag¿r·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) (grasshoppers) fritinn·i« |¿re chemical adj chemic·us |a |um chisel s scalpr·um |¿ n chemical s chemic·um |¿ n chisel tr scalpr« caed·« |ere cec¿d¿ chemist ch¡mic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) caesus; chisel s.o. out of (cheat) aliquem ¡mun·g« |gere |x¿ |ctus (+ chemistry chemi·a |ae f, chemic·¡ |¡s f abl) cherry ceras·um |¿ n chives porr·um |¿ n sect¿vum cherry pie cerasa npl in cr»st« cocta chocolate socol§t·a |ae f; (drink) p«t·us chess l»d·us |¿ m sc§c«rum, |»s m socol§tae sc§cil»di·um |¿ n; castle s turr·is |is chocolate bar tabell·a |ae f socol§tae f; tr adrocc§re; checkmate r¡gem chocolate pudding erne·um |¿ n ten·e« |¡re |u¿; checkmate! cav¡ socol§teum r¡g¿!; chessboard sc§c§ri·um |¿ n; choice adj exquis¿t·us |a |um, ¡l¡ct·us |a play chess sc§c¿s l»dere (see Chapter |um V) choice s opti·« |«nis f; the choice is chest (anat) pect·us |oris n; (box) yours opti« tua est arm§ri·um |¿ n; (for clothes) vesti§ri·um |¿ n choir chor·us |¿ m chestnut adj (of horse only) badius choir director chor¿ magis·ter |tr¿ m (·tra |ae f) chestnut s castane·a |ae f choir loft aps·is |idis f chewing gum cumm·is |is f mastic§bilis chore p¡ns·um |¿ n; do chores p¡nsa chew out (scold) pil§re facere chick pull·us |¿ m Christmas Eve pr¿di¡ n§t§lem Chr¿st¿ General Vocabulary 291

Christmas f¡st·um |¿ n n§tivit§tis circumference circuit·us |»s m; the Chr¿st¿; celebrate Christmas crater measures 500 feet in n§t§lem Chr¿st¿ diem celebr§re; circumference cr§t¡r patet circuit» Merry Christmas! faustum ac qu¿ngent«s ped¡s f¡l¿cem Chr¿st¿ n§t§lem (tibi cistern cistern·a |ae f exopt«)!; fausta f¡sta n§t§licia Chr¿st¿ (tibi exopt«)! citadel ar·x |cis f Christmas gift n§t§licium m»nuscul·um citizen c¿v·is |is mf; my fellow citizens |¿ n (or d«n·um |¿ n); give c¿v¡s me¿; private citizen (who holds (exchange, receive, wrap) no political office) pr¿v§t·us |¿ m Christmas gifts offerre (inter s¡ citizenship c¿vit·§s |§tis f dare, accipere, involvere) n§t§licia city (physical entity) urb·s |is f; c¿vit·§s m»nuscula |§tis f Christmas holidays f¡ri·ae |§rum fpl city council decuri«n·¡s |um mpl n§t§liciae; spend the Christmas holidays (vacation) f¡ri§s n§t§lici§s civil c¿v¿l·is |is |e; civil rights i»·s |ris n agere c¿v¿le; deprive s.o. of civil rights aliquem capite d¡minu·« |ere |¿; loss Christmas tree arb·or |oris f n§t§licia; (taking away) of civil rights decorate the Christmas tree with d¡min»ti·« |«nis f capitis lights, balls, and tinsel arborem n§t§liciam ¿gnicul¿s et globul¿s et civilian adj tog§t·us |a |um, pr¿v§t·us |a |um lamin¿s argente¿s orn§re civilian s tog§t·us |¿ m, pr¿v§t·us |¿ m chronic long·us |a |um civilized h»m§n·us |a |um chronological order «rd·« |inis m temporis; in chronological order claim (say) praedic§re; (demand) serv§t« temporis «rdine postul§re; claim as one’s own vindic§re chubby corpulent·us |a |um clam my·ax |acis m chum sod§l·is |is mf clam shell myacis test·a |ae f church eccl¡si·a |ae f clamp c«nf¿bul·a |ae f cider v¿n·um |¿ n m§l¿num clamp down on (fig) comp¡sc·« |ere cigar sigar·um |¿ n clarinet t¿bi·a |ae f cl§r¿sona; play the cigarette sigarell·um |¿ n; pack of clarinet t¿bi§ cl§r¿son§ can·« |ere cigarettes capsell·a |ae f cecin¿ sigarell«rum; smoke a cigarette f»mum sigarell¿ s»g·« |ere s»x¿ clasp f¿bul·a |ae f cigarette lighter ignit§bul·um |¿ n class (in school) class·is |is f; (social) «rd·« |inis m; be at the head of the circulate circul§re; (of rumor, reports) class classem d»cere; first-class seat percr¡br¡c·« |ere precr¡bu¿ s¡d·¡s |is f pr¿mae classis; lower circulation (of blood) circul§ti·« |«nis f; class «rd« ¿nferior; middle class «rd« be in circulation (of books) in medius; second-class seat s¡d¡s manibus esse secundae classis; tourist-class seat 292 Conversational Latin

s¡d¡s turistica; upper class «rd« climb ascend·« |ere |¿, ¡scendere; climb superior; working class «rd« a tree in arborem ¡scendere; climb oper§rius the stairs per scal§s ascendere classical classic·us |a |um; classical clippers m§chinul·a |ae f capill¿s author scr¿pt·or |«ris m vetus et resecand¿s probus, scr¿ptor classicus cloak palli·um |¿ n (Greek item) classics auct«r·¡s |um mpl utr¿usque clock h«rologi·um |¿ n; the clock keeps linguae cl§rissim¿ good time h«rologium r¡ct¡ metitur; classroom concl§v·e |is n schol§re, look at the clock h«rologium schol·a |ae f ¿nspic·i« |ere ¿nspex¿; set the clock h«rologium temper§re; wall clock clause s membr·um |¿ n; main clause h«rologium pariet§rium; wind the «r§ti·« |«nis f [note: «r§ti« can be a clock h«rologium inten·d« |dere |d¿ main clause or a complete sentence] int¡nsus clean (the house, etc.) p»rg§re clogs sole·ae |§rum fpl ligneae cleaning rag drapp·us |¿ m close (comput) concl»d·« |ere |¿ clear cl§r·us |a |um; (unclouded) concl»sus ser¡n·us |a |um, s»d·us |a |um; closet vesti§ri·um |¿ n pariet¿ ¿nsertum (conscience) r¡ct·us |a |um cloth (as a fabric) text·um |¿ n; (a piece clear tr clear the table mund§re of cloth) pann·us |¿ m m¡nsam; clear out of here! hinc apage!; clear $1000 in the first year cloth-bound book lib·er |r¿ m l¿n« pr¿m« ann« mille dollar«s d¡terg·e« cont¡ctus |¡re d¡ters¿ d¡tersus; clear up clothe vest·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tus (difficulties) exped·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus ¶ clothes vest¿ment·a |«rum npl; habit·us intr clear up disser¡n§re |»s m (outfit of a particular class or clerk scr¿b·a |ae mf; (in a shop) occasion) tabern§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) clothes closet vesti§ri·um |¿ n (pariet¿ clever callid·us |a |um; very clever! ¿nsertum) (well said!) fac¡t¡ dictum! clothes hanger fulcim·en |inis n cleverness callidit·§s |§tis f vesti§rium click tr d¡prim·« |ere d¡press¿; puls§re; clothes hook unc·us |¿ m vesti§rius; left-click sinistr«rsum d¡primere; hang up (s.th.) on the clothes hook right-click dextr«rsum d¡primere; in unc« vesti§ri« suspend·« |ere |¿ double-click bis d¡primere or bis clothing vest¿t·us |»s m, vest¿ment·a puls§re |«rum npl client cli·¡ns |entis mf clothing store tabern·a |ae f vesti§ria climate cael·um |¿ n; hot (cold, cloud n»b·¡s |is f temperate, warm) climate ferv¡ns (fr¿gidum, temper§tum, tepidum) cloudy n»bil«s·us |a |um; become cael·um |¿ n; mild climate cloudy n»bil§re temperi·¡s |¡¿ f clown scurr·a |ae mf General Vocabulary 293 club f»st·is |is m; (social club) cohort coh·ors |ortis f sod§lici·um |¿ n coin s numm·us |¿ m cluck gl«c·i« |¿re coin tr (new words) (nova verba) fing·« clumsy incomposit·us |a |um |ere f¿nx¿ f¿ctus cluster (of islands, etc.) celebrit·§s |§tis cold adj (the most general word, applied f; (of grapes) »v·a |ae f to all degrees from pleasant coolness clutch ped§l·e |is n i»ncti«nis (or to severe cold; also, dispassionate) c«pul§ti«nis) fr¿gid·us |a |um; ice-cold gelid·us |a |um; be or feel cold alge« alg¡re als¿, coach tr exercit§re; (a student) fr¿g·e« |¡re; get cold alg¡sc·« |ere, admon·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus fr¿g¡sc·« |ere; my hands and feet coach s (sports) exercit§·tor |t«ris m are cold man»s ped¡sque fr¿gent; (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) turn cold fr¿g¡sc·« |ere; very cold perfr¿gidus coal lap·is gag·as (gen: lapis gagatis) m, carb·« |«nis m cold s fr¿g·us |oris n, gel·» |»s n; (med) grav¡d·« |inis f; catch a cold coal mine fod¿n·a |ae f carb«n§ria grav¡dinem con·trah« |trahere |trax¿ coast «r·a |ae f (maritima); off the coast |tractus; have a cold grav¡dine of ante (+ acc); on the coast in «r§ lab«r§re; liable to catch cold (maritim§) alsi«s·us |a |um coat amicul·a |ae f coldcuts conc¿s·a |«rum npl coat hook vestium unc·us |¿ m cold spell fr¿gor·a |um npl coat rack sustent§cul·um |¿ n vestium cold weather gel·u |»s n, tempest·§s cobweb ar§ne·a |ae f |§tis f fr¿gida or gelida Coca-Cola Cocac«l·a |ae f collar coll§r·e |is n cocain coca¿n·um |¿ n; snort cocain collective adj coll¡ct¿v·us |a |um coca¿num olfact§re college coll¡gi·um |¿ n cockpit cell·a |ae f §ëroplan¿ collision coll¿si·« |«nis f cockroach blatt·a |ae f colonel trib»n·us |¿ m m¿litum cocktail propoma, propomatis n, cinn·is color s col·or |«ris m |is m color tr (the hair, etc.) col«r§re, ting·« cocoa c«co·a |ae f |ere t¿nx¿ t¿nctus coffee caffe·a |ae f colt ecule·us |¿ m coffee break caffe§ria paus·a |ae f column column·a |ae f; (marching) coffee cup p«cill·um |¿ n caffe§rium agm·en |inis n coffee maker m§chin·a |ae f caffe§ria comb s pect·en |inis m coffee pot hirnul·a |ae f caffeae comb tr pect·« |ere pex¿ pexus; comb back repectere; comb the hair coffee set synthes·is |is f caffe§ria capillum (or capill«s or cr¿n¡s or coffin capul·us |¿ m, arc·a |ae f comam) pectere; comb out expectere 294 Conversational Latin combat proeli·um |¿ n, pugn·a |ae f; in commit (a crime) (scelus) committ·« hand-to-hand combat comminus |ere comm¿s¿ commissus [adv] committee concili·um |¿ n combatant proeli§t·or |«ris m common noun s n«m·en |inis n combination s compreh¡nsi·« |«nis f; a appell§t¿vum syllable is a combination of letters common sense: have common sense syllaba est compreh¡nsi« litter§rum cor hab¡re combine tr comp«n·« |ere composu¿ community c¿vit·§s |§tis f compositus; prepositions can be combined with verbs praepositi«n¡s compact disk (CD) compactus disc·us cum verb¿s comp«n¿ possunt |¿ m come ven·i« |¿re v¡n¿ ventum; come company (mil) centuri·a |ae f; keep about ¡ven¿re; come back soon red¿ each other company inter s¡ col·« (pl: red¿te) cito; come down with an |ere |u¿ illness morb« corrip·ior |¿ correptus company commander centuri·« |«nis m sum; come from ven¿re ab (+ abl), d¡r¿v§r¿ ab (+ abl); come here this comparative (degree) grad·us |»s m minute! conc¡de h»c §ct»tum!; come compar§t¿vus; in the comparative on! agedum!; come what may, we’ll compar§t¿v¡, in compar§ti«ne take it philosophically quod fors compare with compar§re cum (+ abl) feret, fer¡mus aequ« anim« comparison s compar§ti·« |«nis f comfort s lev§ti·« |«nis f compartment (in a train, plane) diaet·a comfort tr allev§re |ae f (pr¿mae, secundae classis) comfortable commod·us |a |um; make compass pyx·is |idis f magn¡tica yourselves comfortable rog« ut compassion cl¡menti·a |ae f v«b¿s su§viter sit compassionate cl¡m·¡ns |entis comics libell·¿ |«rum mpl p¿ctographic¿ compile comp«n·« |ere composu¿ coming: he’s got what’s coming to him compositus habet quod sibi d¡b¡tur complain about quer·or |¿ questus sum comma s comm·a |atis n d¡ (+ abl) command s (comput) i»ss·um |¿ n complete c«nfic·i« |ere c«nf¡c¿ command tr (a legion, army) imper§re c«nfectus; (a year) expl·e« |¡re |¡v¿ (+ dat) |¡tus commander in chief imper§t·or |«ris m; complexion col·or |«ris m; having a be the commander in chief imperi¿ healthy complexion col«r§t·us |a summam ten·e« |¡re tenu¿ |um commence hostilities bell¿ initium composition scr¿pt»r·a |ae f, facere compositi·« |«nis f commerce commerci·um |¿ n compound adj composit·us |a |um (ut commercial (advertisement) “indoctus” uneducated) (opp: praec«ni·um |¿ n simplex, ut “doctus”) General Vocabulary 295 computer adj comput§tr§l·is |is |e, conduct business neg«tium agere; «rdin§tr§l·is |is |e conduct oneself (behave) s¡ ger·« computer s comput§tr·um |¿ n, |ere gess¿ «rdin§tr·um |¿ n conductor (of an orchestra) computer engineer m§chin§·tor |t«ris m symphoniac«rum magis·ter |tr¿ m; (of (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) comput§tr§lis a train) tr§minis c»r§t·or |«ris m computer game l»s·us |»s m conference congress·us |»s m comput§tr§lis; play a computer confide in c«nf¿d·« |ere c«nf¿sus sum (+ game l»sum comput§tr§lem l»dere dat) con tr verba dare (+ dat) confidence fid·¡s |e¿ f, f¿d»ci·a |ae f; concentrate all the troops in one place (esp. over-confidence, self- c«g·« |ere co¡g¿ co§ctus omn¡s confidence) c«nf¿denti·a |ae f; have c«pi§s in »num locum; concentrate confidence in fidem hab¡re (+ dat) on something animum in aliquid d¡f¿g·« |ere d¡f¿x¿ confident c«nf¿d·¡ns |entis; be concentration intenti·« |«nis f anim¿ confident c«nf¿d·« |ere c«nf¿sus sum concern s c»r·a |ae f confluence c«nflu·¡ns |entis m; at the confluence of the Tiber and the concern tr (to worry) sollicit§re; as far Anio inter c«nfluent¡s Tiberim et as I’m concerned per m¡; how does Ani«nem that concern you? quid id ad t¡ attinet?; it concerns me (you) me§ congratulate gr§tul·or |§r¿ |§tus sum (+ (tu§) r¡fert; it does not concern me dat) (you) me§ (tu§) minim¡ r¡fert congratulations! macte virt»te est«!; concerned about (for) sollicit·us |a |um gr§tul§ti«n¡s! d¡ (pr«) (+ abl); I’m not terribly concerned about … lab«r« n«n congress congress·us |»s m vald¡ d¡ (+ abl) conjugate tr d¡cl¿n§re concert concent·us |»s m; attend a conjugation s d¡cl¿n§ti·« |«nis f; (rarely concert concentu¿ adesse occurs) coniug§ti·« |«nis f concise brev·is |is |e conjunction s coni»ncti·« |«nis f concrete s concr¡t·um |¿ n connect tr c«nect·« |ere c«nexu¿ concrete noun s voc§bul·um |¿ n (opp: c«nexus appell§ti«) connection coni»ncti·« |«nis f; (comput) condemn condemn§re c«nex·us |»s m condition stat·us |»s m; (term of an conquer vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ victus; agreement) condici·« |«nis f; in conquer a country terr§ pot·ior |¿r¿ excellent condition habitissim·us |a pot¿tus sum |um; in good (bad) condition bene (male) habit·us |a |um; on condition conscience: bad conscience mala that e§ l¡ge ut (+ subj); physical c«nscienti·a |ae f; good conscience condition corporis habit·us |»s m m¡ns f c«nscia r¡ct¿ 296 Conversational Latin consent: give one’s consent permitt·« continual continu·us |a |um |ere perm¿s¿ (ut); without my continually continu¡ consent m¡ inv¿t« contract contrah·« |ere contr§x¿ conservative adj c«nserv§t¿v·us |a |um contractus; contract an illness conservative s c«nserv§t¿v·us |¿ m (·a morbum or adversam val¡t»dinem |ae f); conservatives (in ancient contrahere Rome) optim§t·¡s |ium mpl contradict contr§d¿cere (+ dat); consider: to consider it already done contradict oneself pugnantia loqu·or istuc iam pr« fact« hab¡re |¿ loc»tus sum consist of c«nst·« |§re c«nstit¿ (+ abl or control s (restraint) continenti·a |ae f; ex or d¡ + abl) (power) potest·§s |§tis f; out of consonant s c«nson·§ns |antis f control effr¡n§t·us |a |um constant c«nst·§ns |antis; (incessant) control tr contin·e« |¡re |u¿; control perpetu·us |a |um yourself! t¡ contin¡! constantly perpetu« convalesce conval¡sc·« |ere consternation c«nstern§ti·« |«nis f convenience: at your convenience tu« commod«; write me at your earliest constipated: be constipated alvum convenience scr¿be ad m¡ cum suppressam hab¡re commodissim¡ poteris constitution c«nstit»t·a |«rum npl convenient: when it will be convenient construct (with mechanical skill) for you cum erit tuum commodum fabric§re; (buildings) exstru·« |ere conversation serm·« |«nis f, exstrux¿ exstructus colloqui·um |¿ n; engage in construction s c«nstructi·« |«nis f conversation with serm«n¡s cum (+ consul c«nsul |is m; elect a consul abl) c«nfer« c«nferre contul¿ c«nsulem cre§re convict convinc·« |ere conv¿c¿ convictus consulship c«nsul§t·us |»s m; hold the (w. acc. of the person and w. gen of consulship c«nsul§tum ger·« |ere the charge); convicted of gess¿ manifest·us |a (+ gen); convict s.o. on many counts of fraud aliquem contempt contempt·us |»s m, mult¿s cr¿minibus fraudis convincere d¡spic§ti·« |«nis f; feel contempt for contemn·« |ere |ps¿; hold s.o. in conviction (for) condemn§ti·« |«nis f (+ contempt aliquem d¡spic§tum hab¡re gen of the charge) contemptuous (of) d¡spici·¡ns |entis (+ convince persu§d·e« |¡re persu§s¿ (+ gen) dat); I am firmly convinced that content (with) content·us |a |um (+ pl¡nus (-a) persu§si«nis sum (+ acc abl); to your heart’s content w. inf) arbitr§t» tu« coo (of a pigeon) gem·« |ere |u¿ contest s cert§m·en |inis n cook s coqu·us |¿ m, coqu·a |ae f continent par·s |tis f mund¿ [not cook tr coqu·« |ere cox¿ coctus; cook up contin¡ns, which means “mainland”] (fig) exc«git§re General Vocabulary 297 cookie cr»stul·um |¿ n correctly r¡ct¡ (opp: pr§v¡), ¡mend§t¡ cooking pot «ll·a |ae f (opp: viti«s¡); speak (spell) correctly r¡ct¡ loqu¿ (scr¿bere) cool fr¿gidul·us |a |um correlative adj rel§t¿vus |a |um (ut “t§lis cool off tr refr¿ger§re ¶ intr refr¿ger§r¿ … qu§lis” such … as) coolness (indifference) fr¿g·us |oris n correspond with epistul§rum coop up incl»·d« |dere |s¿ |sus; be commercium hab¡re cum (+ abl) cooped up in the house in aedibus correspondence epistul§rum coart§tus (-a) esse commerci·um |¿ n coordinate conjunction s coni»ncti·« corresponding secretary ab epistul¿s |«nis f c«pul§t¿va corridor ambul§cr·um |¿ n, andr·«n cope with p§r esse (+ dat); unable to |«nis m cope with imp§r esse (+ dat) cost intr c«nst·« |§re c«nstit¿ (+ gen of copier polygraph·um |¿ n indefinite price or abl of definite price); cost a lot (little, nothing, copy s exempl·um |¿ n, exempl·ar |§ris more, less) mult¿ (parv¿, gr§t¿s, n pl»ris, min«ris); c«nst§re; it costs copy tr exscr¿b·« |ere exscr¿ps¿ (from ex 100 denarii centum den§ri¿s constat + abl) (by cheating) cland¡st¿n«; cost s imp¡ns·a |ae f (with printer) exemplum (+ gen) couch lectul·us |¿ m t«ment« fartus; facere (semicircular) stibadi·um |¿ n Corinth Corinth·us |¿ f; gulf of Corinth cough intr tuss·i« |¿re sin·us |»s m Corinthiacus (or Corinthius) cough s tuss·is |is m; have a cough tuss·i« |¿re corkscew extr§cul·um |¿ n councilman decuri·« |«nis m corn ma¿zi·um |¿ n; corn on the cob ma¿zium |¿ n in sp¿c§ counsel i»risper¿t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) corner kick (soccer) ict·us |»s m count (leg) cr¿m·en |inis n angul§ris count tr numer§re; count up or out ¡numer§re; you can count on me corporal d¡curi·« |«nis mf potes n¿t¿ m¡ [abl]; you can count corpse cad§v·er |eris n on it that … erit tibi perspectum (+ correct adj r¡ct·us |a |um (opp: pr§vus), acc & inf); you don’t count extr§ ¡mend§t·us |a |um (free from faults), numerum es mihi corr¡ct·us |a |um (in the sense of country (as a political unit) r¡s p»blica “corrected”) (gen: re¿ p»blicae) f; (as a community) c¿vit·§s |§tis f; (native correct tr (esp. mistakes in writing) land) patri·a |ae f; (as a physical ¡mend§re; (a person or mistake) entity) f¿n·¡s |ium mpl; (as opposed corrig·« |ere corr¡x¿ corr¡ctus to city) r»s, r»ris n; from the correction corr¡cti·« |«nis f, ¡mend§ti·« country r»re; in the country r»r¿; to |«nis f the country r»s 298 Conversational Latin country road vi·a |ae f regi«n§lis crab (shellfish) can·cer |cr¿ m; (person) courage fortit»d·« |inis f mor«s·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) courageous fort·is |is |e crabbiness mor«sit·§s |§tis f course curs·us |»s m; (in school) curs·us crabby mor«s·us |a |um |»s m §cro§sium; (of a meal) crack s r¿m·a |ae f fercul·um |¿ n; along a winding crack tr find·« |ere f¿d¿ fissus; (nuts) course meante curs»; be driven off perfring·« |ere perfr¡g¿ perfractus ¶ course curs» excut·ior |¿ excussus intr r¿m§s agere sum; in due course mox; in the course of inter (+ acc); in the course cracked (crazy) cerr¿t·us |a |um of time pr«c¡dente tempore; of crack troops r«bor·a |um npl peditum, course profect«, quidem, nempe, c«pi·ae |§rum fpl ¡l¡ctissimae (also sarcastically) sc¿licet cradle c»n·ae |§rum fpl court i»dici·um |¿ n; (of a king) aul·a craft artifici·um |¿ n |ae f; court of appeal i»dicium appell§t«rium; hold court i»s d¿cere; craftsman fa·ber |br¿ m, artifex, take s.o. to court aliquem in artificis m i»dicium voc§re (or add»cere) craftsmanship artifici·um |¿ n courteous c«m·is |is |e cramp convulsi·« |«nis f courteously c«miter crane gr»s, gruis mf (see bird); courtesy c«mit·§s |§tis f (machine) tolenn·« |«nis m crash (comput) corr·uit corruere corruit courtesy call offici·um |¿ n crater cr§t·¡r |¡ris m courthouse basilic·a |ae f craving for appet¿ti·« |«nis f (+ gen) courtroom i»dici·um |¿ n crawl r¡p·« |ere r¡ps¿ r¡ptum; (esp. of courtyard §re·a |ae f; (in a Roman snakes) serp·« |ere |s¿ house) peristyli·um |¿ n crazy d¡l¿r·us |a |um; he’s crazy about cousin (brother’s child) patru¡l·is |is mf; her eam d¡perit; he’s crazy about (sister’s daughter) c«ns«br¿n·a |ae f; sports morb«sus est in l»d«s (sister’s son) c«ns«br¿n·us |¿ m cream cr¡m·um |¿ n cover tegiment·um |¿ n; (lid) opercul·um |¿ n; (shelter) suffugi·um credible cr¡dibil·is |is |e; be credible |¿ n; take cover suf·fugi« |fugere f¿dem hab¡re |f»g¿; under cover of darkness credit (com) fid·¡s |e¿ f; academic nocte adiuvante credit insign·e |is n acad¡micum; cover up (against the cold) oper·i« |¿re buy on credit fid¡ su§ emere; |u¿ |tus pec»ni§ haud praesent§ri§ emere; get academic credit for this course cow vacc·a |ae f; cows moo (or low) insigne acad¡micum mer¡re pr« h«c vaccae m»giunt curs» (§cro§sium); have good credit cowboy bubulc·us |¿ m (Americ§nus) bon§ fid¡ esse cozy commod·us |a |um credit card tabell·a |ae f tr¿b»t§ria General Vocabulary 299 credit hour h«r·a |ae f acad¡mica crow s corn·¿x |¿cis f; as the crow flies creek r¿v·us |¿ m m¡ns»r§ currente [lit: in a running measurement]; crows caw corn¿c¡s creep (term of contempt) larv·a |ae f; cr«citant (see bird) you give me the creeps facis ut horream crowd turb·a |ae f creep: it makes my skin creep facit ut cruel cr»d¡l·is |is |e horream cruelty cr»d¡lit·§s |§tis f crest (of a hill) iug·um |¿ n; (of animals, cry fle« fl¡re fl¡v¿; (of a baby) vag·i« helmet) crist·a |ae f |¿re; cry out to cl§m§re (+ dat); cry cricket gryll·us |¿ m; (game) l»d·us |¿ m over fl¡re bacul¿ et pilae; crickets chirp gryll¿ cucumber cucumis, cucumeris m str¿dent cue verb·um |¿ n monit«rium crime facin·us |oris n, scel·us |eris n; cr¿m·en |inis n (more often means culture h»m§nit·§s |§tis f merely the charge) cunning collubr¿n·us |a |um criminal adj facinor«s·us |a |um cup p«cul·um |¿ n, p«cill·um |¿ n; cup criminal s s«ns, sontis mf, cr¿min«s·us |¿ of coffee (of tea) pocill·um |¿ n m (·a |ae f) caffeae (theae) crisis discr¿m·en |inis n cupboard arm§ri·um |¿ n pariet¿ ¿nsertum critic critic·us |¿ m curable s§n§bil·is |is |e critical: the situation is critical r¡s est in summ« discr¿mine curb crep¿d·« |inis f viaria criticize reprehen·d« |dere |d¿ |sus cure s remedi·um |¿ n crocodile crocod¿l·us |¿ m cure tr s§n§re crook (thief) fur, furis m curiosity c»ri«sit·§s |§tis f crooked curv§t·us |a |um; (morally) curl cirr·us |¿ m, cincinnul·us |¿ m pr§v·us |a |um; (crafty) dol«s·us |a curl cr¿sp§re |um curler calamistr·um |¿ n crop up exsist·« |ere exstit¿; unless something new crops up nisi alquid curly cr¿sp·us |a |um, cirr§t·us |a |um, nov¿ exstiterit cincinnul·us |a |um; have curly hair cincinnul« capill« esse crops (standing grain) seg·es |etis f; (field produce) fr»g·¡s |um fpl current adj (in general use) »sit§t·us |a |um; (opinion) vulg§r·is |is |e cross-eyed strab·us |a |um cross one’s path alicui obviam ven¿re current s fl»m·en |inis n (in the sense of “the flow”); (electrical) ¡lectricum crossing (passage) tr§nsit·us |»s m fluent·um |¿ n; against the current crossroads compit·um |¿ n advers« fl»mine; with the current crow intr (of roosters) c»c»r·i« |¿re; s¡cund« fl»mine can·« |ere cecin¿ curriculum studi«rum curricul·um |¿ n 300 Conversational Latin cursor (comput) curs·or |«ris m Danube river Dan»vius amn·is |is m curtain (on a window or shower) dare aud·e« |¡re ausus sum (semi- v¡l·um |¿ n; (in a theater) aulae·a deponent) |«rum npl; draw the curtains v¡la daring aud·¡ns |entis, aud·§x |§cis obd»cere dark adj obsc»r·us |a |um; as soon as it curve (in a road, coast) §nfr§ct·us |»s m got dark pr¿m¿s tenebr¿s custody cust«di·a |ae f; be held in dark s after dark d¡ nocte; in the dark custody in cust«di§ hab·eor |¡r¿ per obsc»rum; I’m in the dark (fig) habitus sum; take into custody in mihi tenebrae sunt cust«diam tr§·d« |dere |did¿ |ditus darkness tenebr·ae |§rum fpl; darkness custom m«s, m«ris m fell tenebrae factae sunt customer ¡mp·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis darling (terms of endearment) d¡lici·ae f) |§rum fpl, corcul·um |¿ n, animul·us cut (hair) tond·e« |¡re totond¿ t«nsus; |¿ m (·a |ae f), ocell·us |¿ m, cut and paste (comput) sec§re et volupt·§s |§tis f; my darling (in gl»tin§re; cut it out! d¡sin§s! (pl: address) m¿ ocelle d¡sin§tis!); (more emphatic) d¡siste! darn: I don’t give a darn about that (pl: d¡sistite!); cut that out right (him, them) id (eum, e«s) n«n faci« now! supersed¡ ist¿s r¡bus iam; cut flocc¿ the talk! s¡greg§ serm«nem! darned: I’ll be darned if … male m¿ cute bell·us |a |um, bellul·us |a |um sit, s¿ …; I’ll be darned if I ever . . . cutlery ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl esc§ria male m¿ sit s¿ umquam (+ fut indic) cyberspace cyberspati·um |¿ n dashboard tabul·a |ae f indic§t«ria data dat·a |«rum npl D database (comput) dat«rum reposit«ri·um |¿ n dad, daddy tat·a |ae m date di·¡s |¡¿ f; by what date? quam ad daily adj c«t¿di§n·us |a |um diem? have a date with s.o. daily adv c«t¿di¡ c«nstit»tum cum aliqu« hab¡re; to date adh»c dainty d¡lic§t·us |a |um dative adj dat¿v·us |a |um daisy bell·is |idis f dative s dat¿v·us |¿ m, c§s·us |»s m dance intr salt§re dat¿vus dance s salt§ti·« |«nis f daughter f¿li·a |ae f dance band symph«niac·¿ |«rum mpl daughter-in-law nur·us |»s f salt§ti«nis dawn d¿l»cul·um |¿ n; at dawn pr¿m§ dancer salt§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) l»ce; before dawn antel»cul« danger per¿cul·um |¿ n; be in danger day di·¡s |¡¿ mf; a day, e.g., twice a (of) per¿clit§r¿ (+ abl) day bis (in) di¡; any day now dangerous per¿cul«s·us |a |um propediem; by day interdi»; day General Vocabulary 301

after day diem d¡ di¡, in singul«s deal tr (cards) distribu·« |ere |¿ ¶ intr di¡s; day and night et di¡s et noct¡s; with (topic) tract§re, agere d¡ (+ day off (from school) (ab schol§) abl); (a person) agere cum (+ abl); I f¡ri§tus di·¡s |¡¿ m; every day will deal with you later t¡cum mihi c«t¿di¡, in singul«s di¡s; from day to r¡s erit s¡rius day in di¡s; from that day on ex e« dealer merc·§ns |antis mf, merc§·tor di¡; just the other day n»per |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f); (of cards) quidem; one day (on a certain day in distrib»·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) the past) qu«dam di¡; on the day before he departed pr¿di¡ quam dean dec§n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) ab¿ret; on the day before the Ides dear c§r·us |a |um pr¿di¡ ‡d»s; (on) the following day dearly (intensely) vald¡; (at great poster« di¡; on the third day before expense) magn¿ the Calends of March ante diem qu§rtum Kalend§s M§rti§s; the day death mor·s |tis f; condemn s.o. to after postr¿di¡; the day after that death aliquem capitis damn§re; put postr¿di¡ eius di¡¿; the day after s.o. to death supplicium d¡ aliqu« tomorrow perendi¡; the day before s»m·« |ere s»mps¿ s»mptus pr¿di¡; the day before yesterday death penalty supplici·um |¿ n capitis nudiustertius [adv]; till late in the death sentence: receive the death day ad multum diem; two days after sentence capitis damn§r¿ that post diem tertium eius di¡¿; these days h¿s temporibus debate s discept§ti·« |«nis f daybreak d¿l»cul·um |¿ n; at daybreak debate tr discept§re d¡ (+ abl) pr¿m§ l»ce; till daybreak in pr¿mam debt aes, aeris n ali¡num; be in debt in l»cem aere ali¡no esse; this has put me in daycare center n¡piag«gi·um |¿ n debt hoc mihi aes ali¡num attulit daydream hall»cin·or |§r¿ |§tus sum decathlon dec§thl·um |¿ n daydreamer hall»cin§t·or |t«ris m, deceitful fall·§x |§cis hall»nic§·tr¿x |tr¿cis f December m¡ns·is |is m December; in daylight l»x, l»cis f, di¡s, di¡¿ m; let in December m¡nse Decembr¿ the daylight diem admitt·« |ere decency decenti·a |ae f adm¿s¿ decent dec·¡ns |entis; do the decent DCD digit§lis compactus disc·us |¿ m thing fr»gem facere dead adj: I’m dead! interi¿! or peri¿! decide c«nstitu·« |ere |¿ c«nstit»tus; dead-end street fundul·a |ae f decide to or not to (of the senate, deaf surd·us |a |um; you’re preaching also of supreme magistrates) c¡ns·e« to deaf ears ad surd§s aur¡s cant§s |¡re |u¿ (ut or ne + subj) deal s (pact) pacti·« |«nis f; a good deal decision (a win in sports) praev§lenti·a of aliquantum (+ gen); it’s a deal |ae f p»nct«rum; make a (wise) pactam rem hab¡t« (pl: hab¡t«te); decision (sapienter) d¡cern·« |ere let’s make a deal pacti«nem d¡cr¡v¿ d¡cr¡tus faci§mus deck chair sell·a |ae f cubit«ria 302 Conversational Latin decked out ex«rn§t·us |a |um; why are degree s grad·us |»s m; (diploma) you all decked out? quam ob rem studi«rum dipl«m·a |atis n; positive s¿c sub«rn§t·us (-a) es? degree gradus posit¿vus; comparative degree gradus declaration d¡n»nti§ti·« |«nis compar§t¿vus; superlative degree declarative d¡cl§r§t¿v·us |a |um gradus superl§t¿vus declension s d¡cl¿n§ti·« |«nis f dejected d¡miss·us |a |um decline tr d¡cl¿n§re delete (comput) d¡l·e« |¡re |¡v¿ |¡tus decree of the senate sen§t»s c«nsult·um delicate d¡lic§t·us |a |um |¿ n; pass a decree of the senate delight d¡lect§re sen§t»s c«nsultum facere deliver (a speech) hab¡re; (mail) red·d« deep freezer arc·a |ae f gel§t«ria |dere |did¿ |itus; the mailman deep red coccine·us |a |um delivered the letter yesterday tabell§rius litter§s her¿ reddidit deep-seated ¿nsit·us |a |um demanding: be demanding multa exig« deer cerv·us |¿ m, cerv·a |ae f exigere ex¡g¿ defeat s (mil) cl§d·¡s |is f; (pol) repuls·a demented d¡m·¡ns |entis |ae f; a defeat at the polls comiti¿s repulsa; defeat in running for the democracy d¡mocrati·a |ae f consulship repulsa c«nsul§t»s; suffer democrat d¡mocrat·a |ae m, a defeat (pol) repulsam fer« ferre tul¿ d¡mocratri·a |ae f l§tus; (mil) cl§dem accipere democratic d¡mocratic·us |a |um defeat tr super§re, vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ victus demonstration pr«test§ti·« |«nis f defective adj viti«s·us |a |um; (gram) popul§ris d¡fect¿v·us |a |um demonstrative adj d¡m«nstr§t¿v·us |a defend d¡fend·« |ere |¿ d¡f¡nsus |um defendant re·us |¿ m, re·a |ae f denarius d¡n§ri·us |¿ m (worth about one dollar) defender (sports) d¡f¡ns·or |«ris m, d¡f¡nstr·¿x |¿cis f dense d¡ns·us |a |um defense lawyer d¡f¡ns·or |«ris m, densely populated region regi·« |«nis f d¡f¡nstr·¿x |¿cis f uberrimae multit»dinis defensive and offensive alliance dentist medic·us |¿ m dent§rius, medic·a |ae f dent§ria societ·§s |§tis f ad bellum d¡fendendum atque ¿nferendum facta denture prosthes·is |is f dent§lis defensive and offensive weapons t¡l·a deny ¿nfiti·or |§r¿ |§tus sum |«rum npl ad t¡gendum et ad depart abs·c¡d« |c¡dere |cess¿ |cessum nocendum department (academic) facult·§s |§tis f; define tr d¡f¿n·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus department of classics litter§rum definite adj f¿n¿t·us |a |um (opp: classic§rum facult§s ¿nf¿n¿tus) department store pantop«li·um |¿ n General Vocabulary 303 departure abscess·us |»s m detective inqu¿s¿·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis depend: it (all) depends on you t«tum f), ind§g§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) in t¡ positum est; it depends a lot on detergent l«ment·um |¿ n whether … pl»rimum r¡fert num … detour circuit·us |»s m; take a detour deponent s d¡p«n·¡ns |entis n, verb·um viam flect·« |ere flex¿ |¿ n d¡p«n¡ns develop (character, mind) c«nfirm§re; deposit money in a bank pec»niam in (improve) excol·« |ere excolu¿ argent§ri§ d¡p«n·« |ere d¡posu¿ excultus d¡positus devote oneself to s¡ dare (+ dat) depressed abiect·us |a |um; be dew r«s, r«ris m depressed abiect« anim« esse dial s (of a clock) tabul·a |ae f h«r§ria; depression abiecti·« |«nis f anim¿ (of a telephone) tabul·a |ae f deprive: deprive s.o. of aliquem pr¿v§re s¡l¡ct«ria (+ abl) dial tr s¡lig·« |ere s¡l¡g¿ s¡l¡ctus ¶ intr deranged (mind) comm«t·us |a |um; numerum s¡ligere (person) mente capt·us |a diaphragm praecordi·a |«rum npl derive tr (from) d¡riv§re (ab + abl) diarrhea alv·us |¿ f f»sa (or cita) desert d¡sert·a |«rum npl dictaphone dictaph«n·um |¿ n deserving (of) dign·us |a |um (+ abl) dictate dict§re desire cupidit·§s |§tis f dictation dict§ti·« |«nis f; take desk m¡ns·a |ae f scr¿pt«ria; (teacher’s dictation dict§ta exscr¿b·« |ere desk) pulpit·um |¿ n exscr¿ps¿ desktop (comput) (on the screen) in dictator dict§t·or |«ris m quadr« dictionary dicti«n§r·ium |¿ n, lexic·on despair intr (of) d¡sp¡r§re (d¡ + abl) |¿ n despair s d¡sp¡r§ti·« |«nis f die mor·ior |¿ mortuus sum desperate d¡sp¡r§t·us |a |um diesel D¿seli§n·us |a |um desperation d¡sp¡r§ti·« |«nis f diet intr vict»s rati«nem observ§re diet s vict»s rati·« |«nis f; be on a diet despicable d¡spic§t·us |a |um vict»s rati«nem observ§re despise d¡spic·i« |ere d¡spex¿ d¡spectus difference differenti·a |ae f; difference dessert bell§ri·a |«rum npl, secunda of opinion diss¡nsi·« |«nis f; how m¡ns·a |ae f much difference does it make? destination loc·us |¿ m d¡stin§tus quantum interest?; it makes no (a lot of) difference to me (you, etc.) destructive exiti«s·us |a |um whether … or n¿l (multum) me§ detail: go into a matter in detail rem (tu§, etc.) interest (or r¡fert) utrum per singula in·e« |¿re |i¿ or |¿v¿; in … an (+ subj); what’s the detail per singula, singul§tim; details difference anyhow! quid utique singul·a |«rum npl interest! or quid utique r¡fert? 304 Conversational Latin difficult difficil·is |is |e directory (comput) plic§rum ind·ex dig (a garden, well) fod·i« |ere f«d¿ |icis m f«ssus; dig a hole through perfodere dirt cheap pr« lut« (+ acc); dig up s.th. about quicquam dirty (clothes, shoes) immund·us |a ¡ru·« |ere |¿ d¡ (+ abl) |um; give s.o. a dirty look respic·i« digest con·coqu« |coquere |cox¿ |coctus |ere respex¿ aliquem minus famili§r¿ digestion concocti·« |«nis f vult»; dirty talk serm·« |«nis m obsc¡nus digital digit§l·is |is |e disagree: I strongly disagree with you digital clock h«rologi·um |¿ n digit§le vehementer § t¡ dissenti« dignified grav·is |is |e disappear ¡van¡sc·« |ere ¡vanu¿; dignity gravit·§s |§tis f, dignit·§s |§tis f disappear from sight ¡ c«nspect» diligence d¿ligenti·a |ae f auferor auferr¿ abl§tus sum diligent d¿lig·¡ns |entis disappoint frustr·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; I’ll not disappoint you n«n fallam dimensions m¡ns»r·a |ae f or m¡ns»r·ae op¿ni«nem tuam |§rum fpl disappointment (act) d¡stit»ti·« |«nis f; diminutive s d¡min»t¿v·um |¿ n (result) incommod·um |¿ n dine c¡n§re; dine out for¿s c¡n§re disapprove of improbr§re m dining car curr·us |»s c¡n§t«rius disarm s.o. aliquem arm¿s exu·« |ere |¿ dining couch lect·us |¿ m |»tus dining room tr¿cl¿ni·um |¿ n; (informal) discharge (mil) missi·« |«nis f; get an c¡n§ti·« |«nis f honorable discharge honestam dining table m¡ns·a |ae f esc§ria missi«nem impetr§re; get a dishonorable discharge missi«nem dinner c¡n·a |ae f; eat dinner c¡n§re, ign«mini«sam accipere c¡nam s»m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus; have a roast for dinner assum in c¡n§ disciplinarian: a strict disciplinarian hab¡re; over dinner per c¡nam; ex§c·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) what are you having for dinner? gravissimus (-a) discipl¿nae quid in c¡n§ hab¡bis? discipline discipl¿n·a |ae f dinner clothes c¡n§t«ri·a |«rum npl, discotheque discoth¡c·a |ae f synthes·is |is f discount remissi·« |«nis f; five- (ten- dinnertime h«r·a |ae f c¡nand¿ twenty-) percent discount quin§rum dinosaur dinosaur·us |¿ m (d¡n§rum, vic¡sim§rum) cent¡sim§rum remissi« diocese dioec¡s·is |is f diphthong s diphthong·us |¿ f discuss disput§re d¡ (+ abl) diploma studi«rum dipl«m·a |atis n; get discussion disput§ti·« |«nis f a diploma studi«rum dipl«ma disease morb·us |¿ m mer·e« |¡re |u¿ disgrace d¡dec·us |oris n, ign«mini·a directly r¡ct§, per d¿r¡ctum |ae f; be a disgrace to d¡decor¿ esse General Vocabulary 305

(+ dat); that’s a darn disgrace! diving board tabul·a |ae f d¡sult«ria edepol facinus improbum est! divorce s d¿vorti·um |¿ n disgraceful d¡dec«r·us |a |um, divorce tr d¿vorti·um facere cum (+ abl) ign«mini«s·us |a |um dizziness vert¿g·« |inis f dish catill·us |¿ m; (open and flat) patin·a |ae f; (large) l§n·x |cis f; dizzy vert¿gin«s·us |a |um dishes (including pots and pans) do facere, agere; (the hair) c«m·« |ere v§s·a |«rum npl; wash the dishes c«mps¿ c«mptus; do in: he has done v§sa (coquin§t«ria) ¡lu·« |ere |¿ me in perdidit m¡; do one’s best ¡l»tus operam d« dare ded¿; do good: it will dishonorable d¡dec«r·us |a |um do you (a lot of, no) good pr«derit (multum, nihil) tibi; do right well dishwasher m§chin·a |ae f ¡l»t«ria r¡ct¡ val¡re; do s.o. in (ruin s.o.) disk (comput) disc·us |¿ m; floppy disk aliquem pessum dare; I don’t know discus flex¿bilis what to do quid faciam nesci«; it disk drive (comput) ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n won’t do to (+ inf) n«n satis est (+ discul¿s legend¿s inf); what else can I do? quid aliud diskette (comput) discul·us |¿ m faciam?; what more can I do? quid faciam amplius?; will this do? dismay c«nstern§ti·« |«nis f satin(e) est? dismiss d¿mitt·« |ere d¿m¿s¿ d¿missus doctor medic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); (as an disposition affect·us |»s m (anim¿) academic title) doct·or |«ris m, diss (slang) negleg·« |ere negl¡x¿ doctr·¿x |¿cis f negl¡ctus doctorate doct«r§t·us |»s m distance spati·um |¿ n; its distance doctor’s degree doct«ris grad·us |»s m from the sea is three miles abest § documentary document§ri·um |¿ n mar¿ tria m¿lia passuum dodge the draft m¿litiam subter·fugi« distant longinqu·us |a |um; be distant |fugere |f»g¿ from abesse ab (+ abl), dist§re ab (+ abl) dog can·is |is m; go to the dogs pessum e« ¿re |i¿ or |¿v¿ distinguished ill»str·is |is |e doing: what’s doing? quid agitur? distress dol·or |«ris m; (difficulty) angusti·ae |§rum fpl doll p»p·a |ae f district tract·us |»s m, ag·er |r¿ m dollar dollar·us |¿ m, dollari·um |¿ n distrust s (of) diff¿denti·a |ae f (+ gen) dolphin delph¿n·us |¿ m distrust tr diff¿d·« |ere diff¿sus sum done for: I’m done for! n»llus sum! or (semi-deponent) (+ dat) peri¿! dive (of a swimmer) praeceps d¡sil·i« donkey asin·us |¿ m |¿re |u¿; (to submerge) »r¿n·or |§r¿ door i§nu·a |ae f, «sti·um |¿ n; double |§tus sum doors for·¡s |ium fpl; folding doors diver »r¿n§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) valv·ae |§rum fpl; out of doors for¿s 306 Conversational Latin doorbell «sti¿ tintin§bul·um |¿ n; ring download (comput) ex r¡te prehen·d« the doorbell puls§bulum comprim·« |dere |d¿ |sus, ex r¡te exprom·« |ere |ere compress¿; the doorbell is |ps¿ |ptus ringing «sti¿ tintin§bulum tinnit down pat: you have the whole thing doorknob i§nuae man»bri·um |¿ n down pat «rdine omnem rem ten¡s door lock claustr·um |¿ n down payment arrab·« |«nis f; make a doorpost post·is |is m down payment of $20 (or pay $20 down) v¿gint¿ dollar«s arrab«n¿ dare doorstep l¿m·en |inis n downstairs (direction) deorsum; doorway «sti·um |¿ n (position) in ¿m« tabul§t«; go dormitory hospiti·um |¿ n (discipul«rum downstairs per sc§l§s d¡scend·« |ere or discipul§rum) |¿; he is downstairs in ¿m« tabul§t« est dorsal fin pinn·a |ae f dors§lis doze off in somnum d¡l§b·or |¿ d¡l§psus dose porti·« |«nis f; small dose sum portiuncul·a |ae f draft c«nscr¿b·« |ere c«nscr¿ps¿ double adj gemin§t·us |a |um: double c«nscr¿ptus “i” as in “arm§ri¿” “i” littera gemin§ta, ut arm§ri¿ draft s (mil) d¿l¡ct·us |»s m; hold a draft d¿l¡ctum hab¡re double s on the double curricul«; doubles (in tennis) l»d·us |¿ m bis draft-dodger qu¿ m¿litiam subterfugit b¿n«rum drag tr (comput) trah·« |ere tr§x¿ double home dom·us |»s f duplex tractus; drag out (a war) (bellum) trahere or pr«d»c·« |ere ¶ intr drag double room concl§ve |is n du«rum on trah·or |¿ lect«rum draw (water) (aquam) haur·i« |¿re haus¿ doubt s I have no doubt that … n«n haustus; (lines) (line§s) d»cere; (a mihi dubium est qu¿n (+ subj) picture) (im§ginem) d¡line§re: doubt tr & intr dubit§re (geometrical figures) form§s dove palumb·¡s |is f (see bird) (ge«metric§s) d¡scr¿b·« |ere d¡scr¿ps¿ downcast d¡iect·us |a |um; d¡miss·us |a drawbridge p«ns, pontis m sublev§bilis |um; be downcast iac·e« |¡re |u¿; drawer locul·us |¿ m, forul·us |¿ m with downcast eyes d¡iectus ocul«s reciprocus downhearted d¡miss·us |a |um; be dread form¿d§re downhearted anim« perculs« esse dreadful d¿r·us |a |um downhill adj d¡cl¿v·is |is |e, pr«cl¿v·is dress s vest·is |is f muliebris; (ankle- |is |e; it was all downhill after that length) vestis t§l§ris; (Roman) stol·a pr«cl¿via omnia erant postilla |ae f downhill adv per d¡cl¿ve; things are dress tr indu« induere indu¿ ind»tus, going downhill incl¿n§ta r¡s est vest·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tus; dress downhill racing d¡cursi·« |«nis f oneself, get dressed s¡ induere, s¡ simplex vest¿re ¶ intr dress up s¡ ex«rn§re General Vocabulary 307 dress shoes socc·¿ |«rum mpl, soccul·¿ fac!; drop it, please! mitt¡, am§b«!; |«rum mpl (for women, of different drop off to sleep obdorm¿sc·« |ere; colors and often decorated with let’s drop the subject missa haec gems) faci§mus dressing (on a salad) embamm·a |atis n; drug medic§m·en |inis n; (narcotic) Caesar (Blue Cheese, French, medic§ment·um |¿ n psychotropicum Italian, Russian, Thousand Island) druggist medic§ment§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae embamma Caesari§num (C§se¿ f), pharmacop«l·a |ae m (·ria |riae f) Caerule¿, Gallicum, Italicum, Russicum, Mille ‡nsul§rum) drugstore medic§ment§ri·a |ae f dressing table m¡ns·a |ae f c«m§t«ria drum tympan·um |¿ n; play the drum tympanum puls§re dressmaker vestific·a |ae f drummer tympanist·a |ae m (·ria |riae dribble tr (a basketball) repercutit§re f) dribbling repercuti·« |«nis f drunk ¡bri·us |a |um drifter larifug·a |ae m drunkenness ¡briet·§s |§tis f; (habitual drill s (tool) terebr·a |ae f; (in school) drunkenness) ¡bri«sit·§s |§tis f exerciti·um |¿ n; (mil) exercit§ti·« dry cleaner full·« |«nis m |«nis f dry cleaner’s (establishment) full«nic·a drill tr terebr§re; (students) ¿nstitu·« |ere |ae f |¿ ¿nstit»tus; (mil) exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus dryer (for hair; for clothes) ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n sicc§t«rium drink s p«ti·« |«nis f; drinks p«ti«n·¡s (capill«rum; vestium) |um fpl, p«tulent·a |«rum npl duck s an·as |atis f; (as food) anat¿n·a drink tr p«t§re |ae f; ducks quack anat¡s tetrinniunt drive s (enthusiasm) studi·um |¿ n; (in a duck tr (in the water) d¡prim·« |ere vehicle) gest§ti·« |«nis f d¡press¿ d¡pressus; duck the issue drive tr (a car, truck, bus) gubern§re, rem ¡v¿t§re ¶ intr caput inclin§re agere; drive s.o. home aliquem domum autoc¿n¡t« (or autoraed§) dull heb·es |etis add»cere; drive s.o. mad aliquem dummy (slang) frut·ex |icis m, b§r·« d¡mentem facere |«nis m driver autoraed§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), dumpling off·a |ae f, gl«bul·us |¿ m autoc¿n¡tist·¡s |is mf dunce b§r·« |«nis m driver’s license autoraed§ri¿ dipl«m·a duped: you’ve been duped good and |atis n proper tibi «s est sublitum pl§n¡ et drizzle intr it is drizzling l¡niter pluit prob¡ drizzle s pluvi·a |ae f r§ra et min»ta during inter (+ acc) drop s (e.g., of rain) gutt·a |ae f dust tr dust the furniture supellectilem drop in on (to visit) inv¿s·« |ere |¿; drop d¡ter·ge« |g¡re |s¿ |sus it! (no more of that!) missa istaec dustpan vatill·um |¿ n 308 Conversational Latin

DVD digit§lis discul·us |¿ m magn¡- editor red§ct·or |«ris m, red§ctr·¿x |¿cis toscopicus f; (of a newspaper, magazine) edit·or dye ting·« |ere t¿nx¿ t¿nctus t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f); editor in chief red§ctor pr¿nceps m, red§ctr¿x dying to know: I am dying to know pr¿nceps f how you are doing vald¡ ave« sc¿re, quid ag§s educate ¿nstit·u« |uere |u¿ |»tus, ¡rud·i« |¿re |i¿ |¿tus educated ¡rud¿t·us |a |um E education ¿nstit»ti·« |«nis f, ¡ruditi·« each quisque quaeque quodque |«nis f (Note that ¡d»c§ti« refers to eager (for) cupid·us |a |um (+ gen) “raising, bringing up” and can apply to the raising of children as well as eagle aquil·a |ae f; eagles screech livestock and crops, the training of aquilae str¿dent the body, etc.) ear aur·is |is f; (outer) auricul·a |ae f; eel angu¿ll·a |ae f earlobe lann·a |ae f effeminate eff¡min§t·us |a |um early (at an early period) m§t»r¡; (too efficiency habilit·§s |§tis f soon) praem§t»r¡; early in the morning bene m§ne efficient habil·is |is |e earrings inaur·¡s |ium fpl effort: it’s (not) worth the effort pretium operae (n«n) est; make an earthquake terrae m«t·us |»s m effort to be on time d§ operam ut earthworm lumbr¿c·us |¿ m tempest¿v¡ ads¿s; you’ve wasted all east ori·¡ns |entis m; on the east (side) your effort omnem operam perdidist¿ ab oriente; to the east in orientem egg «v·um |¿ n (fried fr¿ctum; hard- versus [versus is an adverb] boiled d»rum; soft-boiled apalum; Easter adj Pasch§l·is |is |e scrambled perm¿xtum) Easter s Pasch·a |ae f, Pasch·a |§tis n egg on concit§re eastern orient§l·is |is |e eggplant melong¡n·a |ae f eastward in orientem versus [versus is egg white alb»m·en |inis n an adverb] either … or aut … aut easy chair arciselli·um |¿ n t«ment« elbow cubit·um |¿ n fartum elect cre§re; (Roman senators) coöpt§re easy-going facil·is |is |e elections comiti·a |«rum npl; hold eat ed« ¡sse or edere ¡d¿ ¡sus; elections comitia hab¡re (breakfast, lunch, dinner) s»m·« |ere electric(al) ¡lectric·us |a |um s»mps¿ s»mptus; eat out for¿s c¡n§re electrical appliances ¡lectrica edict ¡dict·um |¿ n ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl edit ¡d« ¡dere ¡did¿ ¡ditus electrical outlet capsul·a |ae f cont§ct»s edition ¡diti·« |«nis f ¡lectric¿ General Vocabulary 309 electric bulb globul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus embezzle ¡vert·« |ere |¿ ¡versus electric cord f»nicul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus embezzlement pec»l§t·us |»s m electric current fluent·um |¿ n embroider ac» ping·« |ere p¿nx¿ pictus ¡lectricum embroidered (with colors) pict·us |a electric fan m§chin·a |ae f ventigena |um electric light l»m·en |inis n ¡lectricum; emerald adj smaragdin·us |a |um turn off (turn off) the light l»men emerald s smaragd·us |¿ m accend·« |ere |¿ acc¡nsus (exstingu·« |ere ext¿nx¿ ext¿nctus) emigrate ¡migr§re electric shaver r§s«ri·um |¿ n ¡lectricum emotion anim¿ m«t·us |»s m; express emotions anim¿ m«t»s exprim·« |ere electric stove focul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus express¿ expressus electric wire f¿l·um |¿ n ¡lectricum emperor imper§t·or |«ris m; (title electrician ¡lectridis artif·ex |icis m chosen by Augustus) pr¿nc·eps |ipis electricity ¡lectr·is |idis f m electronic ¡lectronic·us |a |um employ (to use) »t·or |¿ »sus sum (+ abl); (to hire) cond»cere elegance ¡leganti·a |ae f employee conduct·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), elegant ¡leg·§ns |antis merc¡n§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) elementary school litter§rius l»d·us |¿ m employer (operae) conduc·tor |t«ris m elephant elephant·us |¿ m; elephants (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) trumpet elephant¿ barriunt employment (act) »s·us |»s m; elevator cellul·a |ae f sc§ns«ria (occupation) quaest·us |»s m eloquent ¡loqu·¡ns |entis empty (into) s¡ effund·« |ere eff»d¿ else: anyone else qu¿v¿s alius; anything eff»sus (in + acc) else? aliquid amplius? no one else enclitic s enclitic·um |¿ n (ut “-que,” n¡m« alius; nothing else nihil aliud; “|ve” and, or) who else is more deserving? quis alter est dignior hom«? encourage adhort·or |§r¿ |§tus sum elsewhere alib¿ encouragement hort§t·us |»s m, hort§m·en |inis n e-mail s litter·ae |§rum fpl ¡lectronicae; (the system) curs·us |»s m end s f¿n·is |is m; in the end ab ¡lectronicus extr¡m«; put an end to a war bell¿ f¿nem facere; toward the end of his e-mail tr litter§s ¡lectronic§s mittere ad life tempore extr¡m«; that’s the end (+ acc) of me §ctum est d¡ m¡ e-mail address ¿nscr¿pti·« |«nis f end f¿n·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus ¶ intr d¡sin·« ¡lectronica |ere, f¿n·ior |¿r¿ f¿n¿tus sum; (gram) embarrass perturb§re (in) termin·or |§r¿ |§tus sum (in + embarrassed: I am embarrassed by acc or abl) sum perturb§tus cum (+ abl) ending s (gram) termin§ti·« |«nis f 310 Conversational Latin ending adj (gram) (in) termin§t·us |a eraser (for a blackboard) d¡ters«ri·um |um (in + acc) |¿ n; (on a pencil) cumm·is |is f enemy host·¡s |ium mpl; (personal d¡l¡tilis enemy) inim¿c·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) erasure lit»r·a |ae f energetic n§v·us |a |um error err·or |«ris m; (in writing) mend·um |¿ n, mend·a |ae f, viti·um enforce the law l¡gem exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |¿ n; commit (make) an error |itus mendum admitt·« |ere adm¿s¿ engine m§chin§ment·um |¿ n, m«tr·um admissus |¿ n escalator sc§l·ae |§rum fpl m«bil¡s (or engineer m§chin§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x vol»bil¡s) |tr¿cis f escape s effugi·um |¿ n engineering m§chin§lis scienti·a |ae f escape tr escape the notice of fall·« |ere enjoy (good health, company, etc.) »tor fefell¿ ¶ intr effug·i« |ere eff»g¿ »t¿ »sus sum (+ abl) esophagus gul·a |ae f enlist mil n«men (of several: n«mina) especially potissimum, praecipu¡ dare espresso caffe·a |ae f expressa enough satis; enough and more than essay tract§t·us |»s m enough satis superque; enough of this! haec h§ctenus!; enough time esteem s aestim§ti·« |«nis f; hold s.o. in satis temporis high (highest) esteem aliquem magn¿ (maxim¿) facere enter intr§re; (comput) in «rdin§trum refer« referre retul¿ rel§tus esteem tr aestim§re enthusiasm studi·um |¿ n estranged: become estranged from s.o. aliquem § s¡ ali¡n§re enthusiastic (about) studi«s·us |a |um estuary aestu§ri·um |¿ n (+ gen) Etruria Etr»ri·a |ae f entrance (entering) introit·us |»s m; (approach) adit·us |»s m; (doorway) Europe Eur«p·a |ae f osti·um |¿ n European Eur«pae·us |a |um envelope invol»cr·um |¿ n epistul§re evasive ambigu·us |a |um envious invid·us |a |um; be envious of even etiam; even today etiamnum; not invid·e« |¡re inv¿d¿ (+ dat) even ne … quidem; get even with environment circumiect·a |«rum npl s.o. aliquem ulc¿sc·or |¿ ultus sum envy s invidi·a |ae f evening vesp·er |er¿ m, vesper·a |ae f; all evening t«t§ vesper§; early in the envy tr invid·e« |¡re inv¿d¿ inv¿sum (+ evening pr¿m« vesper¿; in the dat) evening vesper¿, vespere; last epilepsy morb·us |¿ m comiti§lis evening her¿ vesper¿; on Saturday evening di¡ S§turn¿ vesper¿; this equally aequ¡ evening hodi¡ vesper¿; toward erase ¡r§d·« |ere |¿ ¡r§sus evening sub vesperum; very late in General Vocabulary 311

the evening pervesper¿; yesterday excite excit§re evening her¿ vesper¿ excited comm«t·us |a |um, excit§t·us |a evening wear c¡n§t«ri·a |«rum npl |um ever umquam excitement anim¿ comm«ti·« |«nis f; every omn·is |is |e; every day c«t¿di¡; feel excitement excit·or |§r¿ every month quot m¡nsibus; every excit§tus sum night per singul§s noct¡s; every now exclamation excl§m§ti·« |«nis f and then interdum; every year exclamation point sign·um |¿ n quotann¿s excl§m§ti«nis evidence testim«ni·um |¿ n; give excuse s exc»s§ti·« |«nis f; (pretext) evidence against s.o. testim«nium praetext·um |¿ n d¿cere in aliquem; on what evidence excuse tr (pardon) ign«sc·« |ere ign«v¿ will you convict me? qu« m¡ teste (+ dat); excuse me ign«sce mihi; convinc¡s?; this evidence is not please excuse me obsecr«, mihi admissible hoc testim«nium n«n ign«sc§s; excuse oneself s¡ exc»s§re s»mendum est; turn state’s evidence indicium profit·eor |¡r¿ professus exempt: be exempt from military sum service m¿litiae vac§ti«nem hab¡re evidently manifest¡ exemption from military service m¿litiae vac§ti·« |«nis f exact acc»r§t·us |a |um, ex§ct·us |a |um exercise intr s¡ exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ exaggerate: don’t exaggerate everything! n«l¿ (pl: n«l¿te) omnia in exercise s (written) exerciti·um |¿ n; m§ius extollere! (practice) exercit§ti·« |«nis f exam ex§m·en |inis n, prob§ti·« |«nis f; exhale exsp¿r§re flunk an exam cad·« |ere cecid¿ exhaust ¡miss§ri·um |¿ n c§s»rus in ex§mine; pass an exam expect exspect§re; what do you expect? ex§men sustin·e« |¡re |u¿; take an quid v¿s fier¿? exam ex§men ob·e« |¿re |i¿; tough exam ex§men rig«r«sum expense imp¡ns·a |ae f, s»mpt·us |»s m; at my expense me« s»mpt»; at your examine ex§min§re own expense pr¿v§t« s»mpt» example exempl·um |¿ n; set a good expensive c§r·us |a |um, preti«s·us |a example bonum exemplum praeb·e« |um |¡re |u¿ experience experienti·a |ae f, »s·us |»s excavator m§chin·a |ae f f«ss«ria m except praeter (+ acc); except that nisi experienced (in) per¿t·us |a |um (+ gen) quod (+ indic) expert s per¿t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) excessive (in) immodic·us |a |um (+ gen or abl) expert in gn§r·us |a |um (+ gen) exchange perm»t§re; exchange explain expl§n§re, explic§re greetings c«nsal»t§re; exchange explanation expl§n§ti·« |«nis f, prisoners capt¿v«s inter s¡ perm»t§re explic§ti·« |«nis f 312 Conversational Latin express exprim·« |ere express¿ face s faci·¡s |¡¿ f; be face to face with expressus you praes¡ns praesent¿ tibi esse; make a face «s d»cere; on the face expression vult·us |»s m; change one’s of it pr¿m§ faci¡; we can discuss expression vultum flect·« |ere flex¿ that face to face c«ram id agere flexus possumus expressive (eyes) arg»t·us |a |um face tr spect§re; (to withstand, e.g., express train tr§m·en |inis n danger) obviam ¿re (+ dat); face rapidissimum north (south, east, west) spect§re in extend intr (of land, body of water) (or ad) septentri«n¡s (mer¿diem, orientem, occidentem) tend·« |ere, pr«tend·« |ere, pat·e« |¡re; the region extends from … to fact: as a matter of fact enimv¡r«; in … regi« tendit (or patet) ab (+ abl) fact profect«, v¡r«, quidem; the fact ad (+ acc); extend over (to cover) that … quod (+ indic); the facts obtin·e« |¡re speak for themselves r¡s ipsa indicat or r¡s pr« s¡ loquitur extortion violenta ex§cti·« |«nis f pec»ni§rum faction facti·« |«nis f extracurricular extra«rdin§ri·us |a |um factory fabric·a |ae f faculty «rd·« |inis m profess«rum eye ocul·us |¿ m; keep an eye on that guy adserv§ (pl: adserv§te) istum; fail tr fail an exam (test, quiz) in keep your eyes open cav¡ ex§mine (prob§ti«ne, prob§tiuncul§) circumspici§s; look me in the eye cad·« |ere cecid¿; words fail me quid aspicedum contr§ m¡; with eyes d¿cam n«n inveni« wide open hiantibus ocul¿s fair aequ·us |a |um; (complexion) eyeball orb·is |is m ocul¿ candid·us |a |um; (weather) ser¡n·us |a |um, s»d·us |a |um; fair and eyebrow supercili·um |¿ n square sine f»c« ac fall§ci¿s; I think eye doctor medic·us |¿ m ocul§rius, that’s fair id aequ¿ faci«; that’s not medic·a |ae f ocul§ria fair of you n«n aequum facis eyeglasses perspicill·a |«rum npl, vitr·a fairground(s) pr§t·um |¿ n f¡st¿vum |«rum npl ocul§ria; wear eyeglasses fairly (in a fair way) aequ¡; (somewhat) perspicill¿s »t·or |¿ »sus sum aliquantulum; (moderately) eyelash palpebrae pil·us |¿ m; eyelashes mediocriter palpebr§rum pil·¿ |«rum mpl fair-minded aequ·us |a |um eyelid palpebr·a |ae f fairness aequit·§s |§tis f eyewitness ocul§tus (-a) test·is |is mf fairy d¿v·a |ae f faith fid·¡s |e¿ f; in bad faith d¡ fid¡ F mal§; in good faith (ex) bon§ fid¡ faithful fid¡l·is |is |e fabric (pattern of weaving) text·us |»s m (coarse crassus; sheer, thin tenuis; fake simul§re thick pinguis) faker simul§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) General Vocabulary 313 falcon falc·« |«nis m (see bird) farm fund·us |¿ m, r»s, r»ris n; on the fall adj autumn§l·is |is |e farm r»r¿ fall intr cad« cadere cecid¿ c§s»rus; fall farm animals pec·us |oris n or pecor·a asleep obdorm¿sc·« |ere; fall |um npl (desperately) in love with (perdit¡) farmer agricol·a |ae m am§re coep·¿ |isse; fall flat (of a farm house v¿ll·a |ae f r»stica speech, etc.) fr¿ge« fr¿g¡re; fall for (a trick) fall·or |¿ (+ abl); fall in love at farsighted pr«vid·us |a |um first sight »n« aspect» in am«rem fashion cult»s mod·us |¿ m; be in incid·« |ere |¿; fall sick in morbum fashion more fier¿; come into incidere fashion in morem ven·i« |¿re v¡n¿; fall s autumn·us |¿ m go out of fashion obsol¡sc·« |ere false fals·us |a |um obsol¡v¿ obsol¡tum falsely fals« fast cel·er |eris |ere; be fast asleep art¡ dorm·i« |¿re |¿v¿ family famili·a |ae f; come from a good family honest« loc« n§t·us |a esse fat ob¡s·us |a |um (opp: gracil·is |is |e) family name gent¿le n«m·en |inis n fathead (slang) fatu·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) family tree stirp·s |is f, stemm·a |atis n father pa·ter |tris m; father of the famous praecl§r·us |a |um; famous for family paterfamili§s (gen: inclutus (+ abl), n«bilis (+ abl) patrisfamili§s) m fan s flabell·um |¿ n; (admirer) faut·or father-in-law soc·er |er¿ m |«ris m, fautr·¿x |¿cis f; electric fan fatigue fatig§ti·« |«nis f m§chinul·a |ae f ventigena fatigued fess·us |a |um fan tr ventil§re faucet epitoni·um |¿ n; turn on (off) the fantastic m¿rific·us |a |um faucet epitonium vers§re (revers§re) far (by far) long¡; as far as I’m fault culp·a |ae f; be at fault in culp§ concerned per m¡; by far long¡, esse; not be at fault extr§ culpam mult«; far be it from me to say esse equidem d¿cere n«lim; far from procul ab (+ abl); how far? quoad, faultless ¡mend§t·us |a |um quo»sque?; (not) far from here favor benefici·um |¿ n, gr§ti·a |ae f, (haud) procul hinc; far from it! gr§t·um |¿ n; accept and return a minim¡!; farthest to the south favor beneficium accipere et reddere; longissim¡ in mer¿diem; so far so ask s.o. for a favor gr§tiam ab good bell¡ adh»c; so far, thus far aliqu« pet·« |ere pet¿v¿; do s.o. a h§ctenus favor gr§tum alicui facere; do s.o. a faraway (distant) longinqu·us |a |um big favor gratissimum alicui facere; fare vect»r·a |ae f return s.o. a favor gr§tiam alicui refer« referre retul¿; please do me farewell val¡ (pl: val¡te) this favor! am§b« t¡, fac (or for a far-fetched idea conquis¿tum c«nsili·um previous favor: refer) hanc gr§tiam |¿ n mihi 314 Conversational Latin favorable (auspices, circumstances, feeling s¡ns·us |»s m, affect·us |»s m; gods, wind) secund·us |a |um (feelings esp. with reference to fax t¡lec«pi·a |ae f anger) anim·us |¿ m; his (her) feelings were hurt animus eius fax machine t¡lec«pi§tr·um |¿ n saucius erat; hurt s.o.’s feelings fear s met·us |»s m; he put the fear of aliquem offend·« |ere |¿ God into them c»r§vit ut ill¿s fellow citizen c¿v·is |is mf su·us (|a) I»ppiter ¿r§tus esset; out of fear prae met» fellow passenger convect·or |«ris m, convectr·¿x |¿cis f fear tr metu·« |ere |¿, t¿m·e« |¡re |u¿ fellow soldier conm¿lit·« |«nis m fearful (terrible) d¿r·us |a |um; fearful of timid·us |a |um (+ gen) fellow student condiscipul·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) fearless impavid·us |a |um fellow worker soci·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) feather penn·a |ae f; (soft, downy) operis pl»m·a |ae f felon scelest·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) February m¡ns·is |is m Febru§rius; in felony scel·us |eris n February m¡nse Febru§ri« feminine f¡min¿n·us |a |um feeble imb¡cill·us |a |um fence saep¿ment·um |¿ n feebleness imb¡cillit·§s |§tis f fender luticipul·um |¿ n feed p§sc·« |ere p§v¿ p§stus ferry n§v·is |is f tr§iect«ria (or vect«ria) feel tr (with the hands) tent§re; (hunger, pain, cold, etc.) sent·i« |¿re s¡ns¿ fetch pet« petere pet¿v¿ (or peti¿) pet¿tus s¡nsus; feel one’s way viam tent§re; fever febr·is |is f; constant fever (fig) caut¡ et cogit§t¡ rem tract§re; continua febris; high fever magna or feel pain dol«re afficior affic¿ §rd¡ns febris; run a fever febricit§re; affectus sum ¶ intr because I felt slight fever febrecul·a |ae f like it quia mihi libitum est; I wasn’t few: a few pauc·¿ |ae |a feeling well ego m¡ n«n bell¡ hab¡bam; feel annoyed grav·or |§r¿ fiction f§bul«sa narr§ti·« |«nis f |§tus sum; feel bad (good) fiddle fidicul·a |ae f; play the fiddle (physically) s¡ male (bene) hab¡re; fidicul§ can·« |ere cecin¿ feel better (physically) melius s¡ hab¡re; melius val·e« |¡re |u¿; feel fiddlesticks! n»gae! down and out ¿nfr§ctum animum fidelity fid¡lit·§s |§tis f ger·« |ere gess¿; feel fine s¡ bene field ag·er |r¿ m; (untilled) camp·us |¿ hab¡re; feel glad laet·or |§r¿ laet§tus m; (of study) discipl¿n·a |ae f sum; feel happy gaud·e« |¡re g§v¿sus sum; How do you feel? ut t¡ fierce fer·«x |«cis hab¡s?; I feel fine m¡ bene habe«; figure s: female figure muliebris form·a bene mihi est; feel really bad about |ae f; figure of speech fig»r·a |ae f vald¡ dol·e« |¡re |u¿ d¡ (+ abl); feel «r§ti«nis, trop·us |¿ m sad maest·us |a |um esse figurative tr§nsl§t·us |a |um; feelers: put out feelers to tent§re fig»r§t¿v·us |a |um General Vocabulary 315 figuratively per tr§nsl§ti«nem, tr§nsl§t¿s s¡d¿; point the finger at s.o. digitum verb¿s, fig»r§te ad aliquem intend·« |ere |¿; ring figure on (rely on) n¿t·or |¿ n¿xus sum or finger digitus §nul§ris; snap the n¿sus sum (+ abl) fingers digit¿s concrep·« |§re |u¿ figure out exc«git§re finger tr (to handle) attrect§re; (to inform on) d¡fer« d¡ferre d¡tul¿ figure skating patin§ti·« |«nis f artifici«sa fingernail ungu·is |is m file (tool) l¿m·a |ae f; (for receiving finger tip digitus |¿ m pr¿m«ris papers) scap·us |¿ m; (comput) finish c«nfic·i« |ere c«nf¡c¿ c«nfectus; document·um |¿ n; files document·a finish off (to destroy) per·d« |dere |«rum npl, §ct·a |«rum npl |did¿; (to kill) occ¿d·« |ere -¿ occ¿sus; fill impl·e« |¡re |¡v¿ |¡tus; fill it up, finish writing (a book, etc.) absolv·« please! quaes«, immiss§rium |ere |¿ absol»tus; put the finishing benz¿n§rium repl¡ t«tum! touch to ultimam manum affer« afferre attul¿ (+ dat) film taeniol·a |ae f, pellicul·a |ae f; documentary film taeniol·a |ae f finish line (sports) calx, calcis f, cr¡t·a document§ria; movie film taeniola |ae f c¿n¡matographica; photographic fire s incendi·um |¿ n; be on fire §rd·e« film pellicula ph«tographica; show a |¡re |u¿; catch fire ignem concip·i« film taeniolam (c¿n¡matographicam) |ere conc¡p¿; put out a fire exhib·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus incendium exstingu·« |ere exst¿nx¿ filter filtr·um |¿ n exst¿nctus; set on fire incend·« |ere |¿ inc¡nsus fin pinn·a |ae f fire tr (to dismiss) §mov·e« |¡re §m«v¿ final ultim·us |a |um, extr¡m·us |a |um §m«tus finally tandem; (at last) ad extr¡mum fire alarm sign·um |¿ n monit«rium find reper·i« |¿re repper¿ repertus incendi¿ fine adj (outstanding) prae·st§ns |stantis; fire chief praefect·us |¿ m vigilum (weather) ser¡n·us |a |um; fire engine s¿ph·« |«nis m everything’s fine r¡ct¡ est; fine! prob¡!; fine arts art·¡s |ium fpl firefighter vig·il |ilis mf; s¿ph«n§ri·us |¿ ¡leganti«r¡s; fine weather ser¡nit·§s m (·a |ae f) |§tis f; that’s fine bene hoc habet; fireplace foc·us |¿ m you did fine f¡cist¿ prob¡ fire station stati·« |«nis f vigilum fine tr fine s.o. mult§re aliquem (+ abl fireworks spect§cul·um |¿ n of the fine) pyrotechnicum finger s digit·us |¿ m; index finger firm adj firm·us |a |um ind·ex |icis digitus m; little finger digitus minimus; middle finger firm s societ·§s |§tis f digitus medius; (as an obscene first (in a series, followed by deinde, gesture) digitus inpud¿cus; not lift a postr¡m«) pr¿mum; at first (§) pr¿m«, finger press¿s manibus sed·e« |¡re initi«; first of all pr¿mum omnium, in 316 Conversational Latin

pr¿m¿s; for the first time pr¿mum; he flash of lightning fulg·ur |uris n was the first to enter pr¿mus flashy speci«s·us |a |um intro¿vit flat (level) pl§n·us |a |um; (dull, stale, first-class (masterly) graphic·us |a |um; e.g., joke) fr¿gid·us |a |um; fall flat first-class seat s¡d·¡s |is f pr¿mae (of a speech) fr¿g¡re classis flatter bland·ior |¿r¿ |¿tus sum (+ dat) fish intr pisc·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; go fishing pisc§tum e« ¿re ¿v¿ or i¿ flattering bland·us |a |um fish s pisc·is |is m; (as food) pisc§t·us flattery blanditi·a |ae f |»s m; catch fish pisc¡s capt§re; flatware ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl esc§ria teeming with fish pisc«s·us |a |um flea p»l·ex |icis m fisherman pisc§t·or |«ris m flea market for·um |¿ n r¡rum v¡n§lium fish food ¡sc·a |ae f pisc§ria flesh car·« |nis f fish hook h§m·us |¿ m flight vol§t·us |»s m fishing s pisc§t·us |»s m; fishing bait ¡sc·a |ae f; fishing line l¿n·um |¿ n flirt s d¡sult·or |«ris m, vaga puell·a |ae (pisc§t«rium); fishing net r¡t·e |is n f (pisc§t«rium); fishing pole harund·« flirt with subbland·ior |¿r¿ (+ dat) |inis f; fishing rod calam·us |¿ m flock (of birds, sheep, goats) grex, (pisc§t«rius); fishing tackle gregis m ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n pisc§t«rium floor (paved) pav¿ment·um |¿ n, sol·um fish market for·um |¿ n pisc§rium |¿ n; (story) tabul§t·um |¿ n, fish pond pisc¿n·a |ae f contign§ti·« |«nis f; ground floor fishy (smell) pisculent·us |a |um; (fig) pedepl§n·a |«rum npl; marble floor suspici«s·us |a |um pav¿mentum (or solum) marm«reum; mosaic floor pav¿mentum (or solum) fix s be in a fix in angusti¿s vers·or |§r¿ tessel§tum; wooden floor tabul§t·um |§tus sum |¿ n fix tr (to repair) refic·i« |ere ref¡c¿ floppy disk (comput) discul·us |¿ m refectus; (time, place, limits) statu·« |ere |u¿ stat»tus flex¿bilis florescent light tubul·us |¿ m fl«r¡sc¡ns flabbergast conturb§re flounder intr volut·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; (in flabbergasted: we were absolutely flabbergasted n«s omn¿n« speech) haesit§re conturb§b§mur flounder s (fish) pass·er |eris m flag s vexill·um |¿ n flour far¿n·a |ae f flag tr sign« indic§re flow flu·« |ere fl»x¿ fl»xus; flow by flame (of fire; sweetheart) flamm·a |ae f adlu·«, adluere; flow down from d¡fluere d¡ (+ abl); flow into flap the wings §l¿s plaud·« |ere plaus¿ ¿nfluere in (+ acc); flow out from plausus effluere ab (+ abl); flow past flashlight ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n mic§ns praeterfluere (+ acc) General Vocabulary 317 flower (lit & fig) fl«·s |ris m foot p¡s, pedis m; foot of a mountain flower shop tabern·a |ae f fl«r§lis r§d·¿x |¿cis m montis; at the foot of the mountain r§d¿ce montis fluent pr«flu·¡ns |entis football (ball) pedifoll·is |is m; (game) flunk: flunk a test cad·« |ere cecid¿ pedifolli·um |¿ n, pedil»di·um |¿ n; c§s»rus in prob§ti«ne kick the (foot)ball pedifollem fluorescent light tubul·us |¿ m l»cifluus puls§re; pass the (foot)ball to pedifollem tr§nsmittere ad (+ acc); flush the toilet l§tr¿nam pr«lu« pr«luere play football pedifolle l»dere; play pr«lu¿ in the first (second) half in parte flute t¿bi·a |ae f pri«re (alter§) cert§minis l»dere (see fly s musc·a |ae f; a fly buzzes musca Chapter V) bombilat football player pedil»s·or |«ris m fly tr fly a plane §ëroplanum gubern§re foothills r§d¿c·¡s |um mpl montis ¶ intr vol§re; (of a passenger) footnote annot§ti·« |«nis f ¿mae p§ginae §ëroplan« vehor, veh¿, vectus sum; for (during a certain period, expressed fly away §vol§re; fly off the handle by acc), e.g., for ten days decem cito ferv·e« |¡re ferbu¿ di¡s; (to denote the appointment of fog nebul·a |ae f definite time) in (+ acc), e.g., he foggy nebul«s·us |a |um invited her to dinner for the following day eam ad c¡nam voc§vit fold plic§re; fold up complic§re in posterum diem; (because of) ob (+ folder integ»ment·um |¿ n astrict«rium; acc); (on behalf of) pr« (+ abl); (comput) coöpercul·um |¿ n (since) nam; as for quod attinet ad (+ acc); for all that nec e« s¡tius or fond: fond of cupid·us |a |um (+ gen); nihil« s¡tius; for nothing gr§t¿s, be fond of d¿lig·« |ere d¿l¡x¿ gr§tu¿t«; (in vain) frustr§; for that d¿l¡ctus, am§re matter ade«; for the last three fondness am·or |«ris m months in tern«s novissim«s m¡ns¡s; for the rest of the year in reliquum font typ·us |¿ m ann¿ tempus; for these reasons h¿s food cib·us |¿ m d¡ caus¿s; to be for (to be in favor food processor m§chin·a |ae f of) fav·e« |¡re f§v¿ (+ dat) coqu¿n§ria force s v¿s f; by force v¿; large force fool stult·us |¿ m, stult·a |ae f; make a magnae c«piae fpl; small force exiguae c«piae; be in force (of laws) fool of l»dific§re; make a fool of val·e« |¡re |u¿; use force vim oneself inept·i« |¿re adhib·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus foolhardy temer§ri·us |a |um force tr c«g·« |ere co¡g¿ co§ctus foolish d¡sipi·¡ns |entis forearm bracchi·um |¿ n foolishly: act foolishly inept·i« |¿re forecast praen»nti§ti·« |«nis f foolishness d¡sipienti·a |ae f (tempest§tis) 318 Conversational Latin forefathers atav·¿ |«rum mpl; m§i«r·¡s forward (mail, e-mail) d¡fer« d¡ferre |um mpl d¡tul¿ d¡l§tus forehand (in tennis) ¿ct·us |»s m forward (sports) oppugn§·tor |t«ris m d¿r¡ctus (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) forehead fr«ns, frontis f foul: commit a foul (sports) poen§liter ag·« |ere ¡g¿ foreign (of another country) extern·us |a |um; (coming from abroad) fountain pen graphi·um |¿ n repl¡bile peregr¿n·us |a |um fox vulp·¡s |is f; foxes yelp vulp¡s foreigner peregr¿n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) ganniunt forelady pr«c»r§tr·¿x |¿cis f frame of mind §nim·us |¿ m; be in a good frame of mind bon« §nim« foreman pr«c»r§t·or |«ris m esse forest silv·a |ae f frank apert·us |a |um, candid·us |a |um forget (about) obl¿v¿sc·or |¿ obl¿tus sum frankly apert¡, candid¡ (+ gen); forget about it! ¡ice id ex frantic phren¡tic·us |a |um anim«! fraternity sod§lit·§s |§tis f alumn«rum fork furcill·a |ae f, fuscinul·a |ae f fraud frau·s |dis f form s form·a |ae f; (of a word) fig»r·a |ae f; the form is either simple, like free l¿b·er |era |erum; free time temp·us “doctus,” or compound, like |oris n l¿berum, vacuum temp·us “indoctus” fig»ra est aut simplex, ut |oris n; have no free time nihil vacu¿ “doctus,” aut composita, ut temporis hab¡re; if you are free s¿ “indoctus” vac§bis form tr fac·i« |ere f¡c¿ factus; (a plan, free-style swimming nat§ti·« |«nis f partnership, alliance) in·e« |¿re |i¿ or l¿bera |¿v¿ |itus; form an opinion i»dicium freeze tr gel§re ¶ intr gel§r¿ facere; form the imperative of the freezer caps·a |ae f fr¿gorifica verb “venire” fac imper§t¿vum “ven¿re” verb¿ freezing gelid·us |a |um format s (comput) form·a |ae f freezing, freezing mark p»nct·um |¿ n glaci§le; three degrees above format tr (discum) c«nform§re freezing tr¡s grad»s supr§ p»nctum formerly ante§ glaci§le fort castell·um |¿ n freight train tr§m·en |inis n oner§rium fortunate fort»n§t·us |a |um French Gallofranc·us |a |um fortune: tell fortunes hariol·or |§r¿ |§tus French fries p«m·a |«rum npl sum (terrestria) fr¿cta fortuneteller hariol·us |¿ m, hariol·a fresh rec·¡ns |entis |ae f freshman t¿r·« |«nis mf forum for·um |¿ n Friday di·¡s |¡¿ m Veneris General Vocabulary 319 friend am¿c·us |¿ m, am¿c·a |ae f; she’s fuel m§teri·a |ae f pr«puls«ria my best friend am¿ca summa mea full (of) pl¡n·us |a |um (+ abl or gen); est full moon pl¡nil»ni·um |¿ n, pl¡na friendly am¿c·us |a |um; in a friendly l»n·a |ae f way am¿c¡ full-grown adult·us |a |um friendship am¿citi·a |ae f full-length (dress) t§l§r·is |is |e frighten terr·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus fully adv funditus fringe fimbri·a |ae f fun ioc·us |¿ m; he always makes fun frivolous fr¿vol·us |a |um of me (or pokes fun at me) iste m¡ frog r§n·a |ae f; frogs croak r§nae semper ¡l»dit (or inr¿det); she said it coaxant for fun id per iocum d¿xit; it’s no fun if you … n«n i»cundum est s¿ t» from prep ab or d¡ or ex (+ abl); from … ; it was pure fun hilaria mera a to z ab aci§ et ac»; from here hinc; erat; have fun s¡ oblect§re from there illinc; from where unde function s (gram) potenti·a |ae f front adj pr¿·or |or |us; (teeth, feet) pr¿m«r·is |is |e funeral f»n·us |eris n; attend (or go to) a funeral in f»nus ven¿re front s fr«n·s |tis f; in front § fronte; in front of (position) ante (+ acc), pr« funnel ¿nfund¿bul·um |¿ n (+ abl); (in the presence of) coram (+ funny ioc«s·us |a |um, r¿dicul·us |a abl); front of the classroom prior |um; (humorous) f¡st¿v·us |a |um par·s |tis f concl§vis schol§ris; front fur coat am¿cul·um |¿ n pellicium of the house fr«ns aedium fur jacket iacc·a |ae f pellicia front door ant¿c·um |¿ n front hall v¡stibul·um |¿ n, fauc·¡s |ium furlough comme§t·us |»s m; be on fpl furlough in comme§t» esse; end of the furlough comme§t»s di·¡s |¡¿ m; front seat s¡d·¡s |is f anterior get a furlough comme§tum frontier f¿n·is |is m, termin·us |¿ m impetr§re frost pru¿n·a |ae f furnish a home (an apartment) domum (diaetam) supellectile ¿nstru·« |ere frosty pru¿n«s·us |a |um ¿nstrux¿ ¿nstructus frozen rig·¡ns |entis; (food) gel§t·us |a |um furniture supell·ex |ectilis f; piece of furniture supellectilis par·s |tis f fruit p«m·a |«rum npl future fut»r·a |«rum npl, temp·us |oris fruit juice s»c·us |¿ m p«m§rius n fut»rum; for the future in fruit tree arb·or |oris f p«mifera posterum; in the future posth§c frustrate fr»str·or |§r¿ |§tus sum frustration fr»str§ti·« |«nis f G fry fr¿g·« |ere fr¿x¿ fr¿ctus gale procell·a |ae f frying pan sart§g·« |inis f gallon gall·on |«nis m 320 Conversational Latin gallop curs·us |»s m cit§tus gather tr cog·« |ere co¡g¿ co§ctus ¶ intr gallop intr quadruped§re congreg·or |§r¿ |§tus sum, conven¿re gearshift iuncti·« |«nis f v¡l«cit§tum gamble tr gamble away in ale§ per·d« |dere |did¿ |ditus ¶ intr ale§ l»dere gee! hercle! or edepol! gambler l»s·or |«ris m, ale§·tor |t«ris m, geez! eu edepol! or eu hercle! ale§tr·¿x |¿cis f gender s gen·us |eris n game (play) l»d·us |¿ m, l»s·us |»s m; general dux, ducis m, imper§t·or |«ris m (prey) praed·a |ae f, v¡n§ti·« |«nis f; general: in general fer¡, vulg« play a game l»sum l»dere generally pl¡rumque game show spect§cul·um |¿ n l»s«rium general store pantop«li·um |¿ n gang man·us |»s f, grex, gregis m generosity l¿ber§lit·§s |§tis f gangster, gang member praed·« |«nis m greg§lis generous benefic·us |a |um, l¿ber§l·is |is |e garage autoc¿n¡t¿ (autoc¿n¡t«rum) genitals genit§l·ia |ium npl; (female) recept§cul·um |¿ n; (repair garage) muli¡br·ia |ium npl offic¿n·a |ae f repar§t«ria genitive s genit¿v·us |¿ m, c§s·us |»s m garbage in, garbage out (comput) ex genit¿vus quisquili¿s fiunt quisquiliae gentle cl¡m·¡ns |entis, m¿t·is |is |e garden hort·us |¿ m r»sticus; vegetable garden hortus (h)olit«rius geography ge«graphi·a |ae f garden hose tubul·us |¿ m horticus German adj Germ§nic·us |a |um gardener hortul§n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) German s Germ§n·us |¿ m, Germ§n·a |ae f garlic §li·um |¿ n, alli·um |¿ n Germany Germ§ni·a |ae f garrison praesidi·um |¿ n gerund s gerundi·um |¿ n garter periscelis, periscelidis f gerundive s gerund¿v·um |¿ n gas benz¿n·um |¿ n, gasi·um |¿ n; get get tr (to acquire) nanc¿sc·or |¿ nanctus gas benz¿num compar§re; step on sum; (to receive) accipere; (by the gas ped§le benz¿n§rium d¡prim·« asking) impetr§re; (by purchase) |ere d¡press¿; step on the gas! (fig) par§re, compar§re; (understand) mat»r§ (pl: mat»r§te) ten·e« |¡re |u¿; get back repet·« |ere gas pedal ped§l·e |is n benz¿n§rium |¿v¿ |¿tus; recip·i« |ere rec¡p¿ gas pump antli·a |ae f benz¿n§ria receptus; get out (bring forth) pr«m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus; get (the gas station stati·« |«nis f benz¿n§ria business) over and done with gas stove focul·us |¿ m gaseus (neg«tium) absolv·« |ere |¿ absol»tus; I can’t get him to talk n«n que« gas tank immiss§ri·um |¿ n benz¿n§rium «r§re ut loqu§tur; now get this nunc gate port·a |ae f; (at airport) adit·us |»s cogn«sce rem ¶ intr (become) fi« m fier¿ factus sum; get along with General Vocabulary 321

concorditer congru·« |ere |u¿ cum (+ is the gist of my advice haec abl); get along well with each other praecept¿ me¿ summa est (or one another) concorditer inter s¡ give tr d« dare ded¿ datus; (as a gift) congruere; I get along well with d«n§re; give it here! cedo (pl: cette)! them bene mihi convenit cum ill¿s; get away (escape) effug·i« |ere [an old imperative; can take a direct eff»g¿ eff»git»rus; get anywhere object]; give it to ’em! adhib¡! (pl: (accomplish s.th.) aliquid c«nsequ·or adhibite!); give the plural form of |¿ c«nsec»tus sum; get carried away gaudium d§ (or d¿c) fig»ram by or with efferor efferr¿ ¡l§tus sum pl»r§lem “gaudium” n«minis (+ abl); get even with s.o. for glad laet·us |a |um; be glad laet·or |§r¿ ulc¿sc·or |¿ ultus sum aliquem quod |§tus sum; I am glad to hear that (+ indic); get off (a bus, plane, ship, libenter audi« (w. acc + inf) train) ¡gredior ¡gred¿ ¡gressus sum d¡ (+ abl); get on (a bus, plane, ship, gladly libenter train) ¿nscend·« |ere |¿ in (+ acc); glass (for drinking) p«cul·um |¿ n get out of my way! d¡ vi§ me§ vitreum; hyal·us |¿ m; glasses d¡c¡de (pl: d¡c¡dite)!; get over (eyeglasses) perspicill·a |«rum npl; (grief, anger, etc.) super§re; get rid wear glasses perspicill¿s »t·or |¿ »sus of: I want to get rid of that pest sum; wine glass hyalus v¿n§rius istum molestum §mol¿r¿ vol«; get somewhere aliquid c«nsequ·or |¿ glider anemoplan·um |¿ n, v¡lvol·um |¿ c«nsec»tus sum; get to (a place) n perven·i« |¿re perv¡n¿ perventum ad glisten nit·e« |¡re |u¿ or in (+ acc); get up (rise) surg·« |ere surr¡x¿; (said of several) gloat over exsult§re (+ abl) c«nsurgere globe glob·us |¿ m terr§rum ghost umbr·a |ae f; give up the ghost gloom maestiti·a |ae f animam ¡bull·i« |¿re gloomy maest·us |a |um Gibraltar Calp·¡ |¡s f; strait of Gibraltar G§d¿t§num fr¡t·um |¿ n glove digit§bul·um |¿ n gift d«n·um |¿ n, m»n·us |eris n, glue gl»t·en |inis n m»nuscul·um |¿ n; natural gift d«s, glue gl»tin§re; glue together d«tis m (n§t»rae) congl»tin§re gifted ingenios·us |a |um glued: I’m glued to my books in libr¿s gills branchi·ae |§rum fpl haer·e« |¡re haes¿ gin v¿n·um |¿ n i»niperum glum maest·us |a |um, trist·is |is |e; gingerbread l¿b·um |¿ n mell¿tum why so glum? quid t» es tam tristis? giraffe cam¡lopardal·is |is f glutton hellu·« |«nis m; be a glutton hellu·or |§r¿ girdle stropp·¿ |«rum mpl gluttonous ed·§x |§cis girlfriend am¿cul·a |ae f gist: the gist of what he said was this: gluttony ed§cit·§s |§tis f … hanc in sententiam d¿xit: …; this gnat cul·ex |icis m 322 Conversational Latin go e« ¿re ¿v¿ or i¿ itum, s¡ agere; go and goldfish hippur·us |¿ m see whether he has come home or goldmine aur¿fod¿n·a |ae f not ab¿, v¿se redieritne an n«ndum domum; go around (of a rumor) golf pilamalle·us |¿ m; play golf pervag§r¿; go by (to pass) praeter·e« pilamalle« l»dere (see Chapter V) |¿re |¿v¿; (the rules) serv§re; go down golf club cl§v·a |ae f; (driver) cl§va (fever) conqui¡scit |ere conqui¡vit; agit§t«ria; (iron) cl§va ferrea (swelling) s¡ summittit |ere summ¿sit; golf course pilamalle¿ camp·us |¿ m (prices) lax§r¿; (sun) occidere; (ship) merg·or |¿ mersus sum; go for (fetch golfer pilamalle¿ l»s·or |«ris m, l»str·¿x a person) add»c·« |ere add»x¿ |¿cis f adductus; (fetch a thing) adfer« golf green §re·a |ae f viridis adferre attul¿; at what price do these golf hole scrobicul·us |¿ m items go for? quibus preti¿s hae merc¡s v¡neunt?; I don’t go for golf tee gr»mul·us |¿ m (don’t like) n¿l mor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum goner: geez, I’m a goner peri¿ hercle; (+ acc); I don’t go in for sports hercle, nullus (-a) sum l»d¿s [dat] n«n stud·e« |¡re |u¿; go into a matter rem ine« in¿re ini¿ or good adj (also morally) bon·us |a |um; in¿v¿; go on pr«c¡d·« |ere pr«cess¿; (esp. moral) prob·us |a |um; (advice) go on! perge (pl: pergite) porr«!; go r¡ct·us |a |um; (weather) ser¡n·us |a to bed dorm¿tum (or cubitum) |um; be good for pr«sum pr«desse [supine] e« ¿re i¿ or ¿v¿ itum; go to pr«fu¿ pr«fut»rus (+ dat); good for see v¿s·« |ere |¿; go to the aid of you! (said in praise) macte virt»te succurr·« |ere |¿ (+ dat); go on: est«!; good, good! euge, euge!; good what’s going on? quid neg«t¿ est? or job! bene (or r¡ct¡) factum!; good quid agitur?; what’s going on here? Lord! O d¿ bon¿!; good luck to you! quid re¿ h¿c est?; go well: things are tibi f¡l¿citer!; good thinking! bene going fairly well agitur satis; please, put§s!; how long is that good for? let me go! mitte m¡ s¿s! quam di» val¡bit?; you’re a good fellow fr»g¿ [indecl] es; very good! goal port·a |ae f; score a goal (in (when agreeing with s.o.) optim¡ soccer) follem in portam pede v¡r«! puls§re good s: do s.o. good alicui pr«sum goal keeper port§ri·us |¿ m, port§ri·a pr«desse pr«fu¿ pr«fut»rus |ae f good and proper pl§n¡ et prob¡ goal line calx, calcis f, cr¡t·a |ae f goodbye val¡ (pl: val¡te); bene val¡ (pl: goal post p§l·us |¿ m portae bene val¡te); goodbye and good goat cap·er |r¿ m, capr·a |ae f; goats luck bene val¡ et bene tibi sit bleat capr¿ b§lant good-for-nothing adj n¡quam [indecl] God bless you! tibi d¿ bene faciant; (to good-for-nothing s: be a good-for- s.o. sneezing) salv¡! or sal»tem! nothing nihil hominis esse going: good going! bene factum! good-hearted benevol·¡ns |entis, gold, golden aure·us |a |um benevol·us |a |um General Vocabulary 323 good-natured facil·is |is |e grandmother avi·a |ae f goodness (integrity, good behavior) grand piano cl§v¿cordi·um |¿ n §lif«rme bonit·§s |§tis f grandson nep·«s |«tis m goodwill benevolenti·a |ae f granted est«; granted, he himself is goose ans·er |eris m; geese cackle nothing est«, ipse nihil est anser¡s gingriunt (see bird) grape »v·a |ae f; a bunch of grapes »va gossip intr garr·i« |¿re grapevine v¿t·is |is f gossip s (talk) r»m·or |«ris m (esp. pl.); grasshopper grill·us |¿ m; grasshoppers (person) f§miger§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x chirp grill¿ fritinniunt |tr¿cis f) grateful: I am deeply grateful to you govern (a province) praesid·e« |¡re tibi gr§tiam habe« maximam praes¡d¿ (+ acc or dat); govern the country rem p»blicam gubern§re gratis gr§t¿s government regim·en |inis n; r¡s f grave adj grav·is |is |e p»blica (gen: re¿ p»blicae) [also grave s sepulcr·um |¿ n written as one word] gravy i»s, i»ris n governor praes·es |idis mf, gubern§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f); (of a minor gravy bowl vascul·um |¿ n i»ris Roman province) pr«c»r§t·or |«ris m grease ung·« (ungu«) ungere »nx¿ gown t§l§ris vest·is |is f; (Roman) stol·a »nctus |ae f grease job »ncti·« |«nis f autoc¿n¡t¿ grade s grad·us |»s m, class·is |is f; great magn·us |a |um; that’s great! (mark or letter for performance) bene hercle factum! not·a |ae f great! Eu!; papae! (expression of grade tr (papers) not§re; (evaluate surprise and delight) student’s work) aestim§re greater m§i·or |or |us graduate intr dipl«ma adip¿sc·or |¿ adeptus sum, grad»s suscip·i« |ere greatest maxim·us |a |um susc¡p¿ great-grandfather proav·us |¿ m graduate s gradu§t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) great-grandmother proavi·a |ae f graft ambit·us |»s m great-grandson pronep·«s |«tis m grain fr»ment·um |¿ n; (a grain) great-uncle (mother’s side) avuncul·us gr§n·um |¿ n; with a grain of salt |¿ m m§ior; (father’s side) patru·us |¿ cum gr§n« salis m m§ior grammar s grammatic·a |ae f, ar·s |tis f Greece Graeci·a |ae f grammatica; (book) ars, artis f greed av§riti·a |ae f grandchild nep·«s |«tis m, nept·is |is f greedy av§rus |a |um; greedy for av§rus granddaughter nept·is |is f (+ gen) grandfather av·us |¿ m Greek adj Graec·us |a |um 324 Conversational Latin

Greek s Graec·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); know guidance counselor c«nsili§t·or |«ris m (speak, write) Greek Graec¡ sc¿re acad¡micus, c«nsili§tr·¿x |¿cis f (loqu¿, scr¿bere) acad¡mica green virid·is |is |e; (unripe) cr»d·us |a guide s dux, ducis mf |um guide tr d»c·« |ere d»x¿ ductus green pepper piper¿t·is |idis f guidebook lib·er |r¿ m peri¡g¡ticus gregarious (sociable) congreg§bil·is |is guilty re·us |a |um, s«n·s |tis; be found |e guilty noxius d¿i»dic§r¿; be guilty in culp§ esse; guilty of noxi·us |a |um grief maer·or |«ris m; feel grief (+ abl or gen); punish the guilty condol¡sc·« |ere condolu¿ poenam d¡ sontibus exig·« |ere ex¡g¿ grill s cr§ticul·a |ae f ex§ctus; the guilty one s«n·s |tis mf grill tr super cr§ticulam ass§re guitar cithar·a |ae f Hisp§nica groan s gemit·us |»s m gulf sin·us |»s m groan intr gem·« |ere |u¿ |itum gullible cr¡dul·us |a |um gum (of the mouth) ging¿v·a |ae f; grocer macell§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) (chewing gum) cumm·is |is f groceries obs«ni·a |«rum npl, (or) mastic§bilis obs«ni·um |¿ n gun sclop¡t·um |¿ n; fire a gun grocery store macell·um |¿ n, tabern·a sclop¡t§re |ae f aliment§ria gym gymnasi·um |¿ n (see Chapter V) groin ingu·en |inis n gym instructor exercit§t·or |«ris m, ground beef bubul·a |ae f conc¿sa exercit§tr·¿x |¿cis f ground floor pedepl§n·a |«rum npl gymnasium gymnasi·um |¿ n gymnastic gymnastic·us |a |um grow intr grow old sen¡sc·« |ere senu¿; grow up iuven¡sc·« |ere iuven¿ gym shoes calce·¿ |«rum mpl gymnic¿ growl (of a dog) ring·or |¿ rictus sum grown-up adj adult·us |a |um H grumble increp§re ha-ha-ha! hahahae! habit c«nsuet»d·« |inis f grumbling increp§ti·« |«nis f hacker plagi§ri·us |¿ (or effr§ct§ri·us |¿) grunt intr (of a pig, bear) grunn·i« |¿re m ¡lectronicus |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tum haddock gad·us |¿ m grunt s (of a pig, bear) grunn¿t·us |»s m hail impers v grandin·at |§re guard s cust·«s |«dis mf hail s grand·« |inis f guard tr cust«d·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tus hailstorm grandin·¡s |um fpl guest hosp·¡s |itis mf hair (a single hair or hair collectively) guest room hospiti·um |¿ n capill·us |¿ m; (hair in locks) cr¿n·is General Vocabulary 325

|is m; com·a ae f; (long, flowing distribu·« |ere |¿ distrib»tus; hand hair) caesari·¡s |¡¿ f; layer the hair out the papers chart§s distribuere comam in grad»s frang·« |ere fr¡g¿ handbag bulg·a |ae f; (of leather) fr§ctus; long hair (left uncut) capill¿ p¡rul·a |ae f cori§cea pr«miss¿; split hairs cavill§r¿ hand brake suffl§m·en |inis n manu§le hairbrush p¡nicul·us |¿ m com§t«rius handcuff tr manic§s inic·i« |ere ini¡c¿ haircut t«ns·us |»s m, t«ns»r·a |ae f; get iniectus (+ dat) a haircut facere ut capillus tonde§tur handcuffs spl manic·ae |§rum fpl hairdo c«mpt·us |»s m handkerchief m»cinni·um |¿ n, hairdresser «rn§tr·¿x |¿cis f, t«nstr·¿x s»d§ri·um |¿ n |¿cis f handle s man»bri·um |¿ n hair drier fav«ni·us |¿ m handle tr tract§re hairpin ac·us |»s f com§t«ria handlebars man»bri·um |¿ n hair style c«mpt·us |»s m hand luggage sarcinul·ae |§rum fpl hale and hearty salv·us et valid·us |a manu§l¡s |um handsome pulch·er |ra |rum, speci«s·us half-time (sports) d¿midium temp·us |a |um n |oris handwriting ch¿rograph·um |¿ n hall (large room) oec·us |¿ m hang: hang around with frequ¡ns hallway ambul§cr·um |¿ n adesse »n§ cum (+ abl); hang down halter capistr·um |¿ n d¡pend·e« |¡re |¿; hang out with mor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum cum (+ abl); ham pern·a |ae f; smoked ham perna you can just go and hang yourself! f»m«sa ¿ d¿r¡cte in maximam malam cr»cem! hamburger b»bul·a |ae f conc¿sa hangar recept§cul·um |¿ n §ëroplan¿ hammer malle·us |¿ m happen f¿« fier¿ factus sum, accid·« |ere ham sandwich pastill·um |¿ n pern§ |¿; happen to conting·« |ere contig¿ fartum (+ dat); I just happened to spot him forte eum c«nspex¿; what hamstring popl·es |itis m happened? quid factum est? hand s man·us |»s f; (of a clock) ind·ex happiness be§tit»d·« |inis f |icis m; have one’s hands full satag·« |ere sat¡g¿; hands off! aufer happy be§t·us |a |um, laet·us |a |um man»s!; on the other hand contr§; harbor port·us |»s m sit on one’s hands (doing nothing) hard (to the touch) d»r·us |a |um; compress¿s manibus sed·e« |¡re s¡d¿ (difficult) difficil·is |is |e (with abl of hand tr hand in tr§·d« |dere |did¿ the supine); hard on inim¿c·us |a |ditus; hand me that food porrige |um (+ dat), d»r·us |a |um in (+ acc); mihi illum cibum; hand it over! cedo hard work op·us |eris n arduum; (pl: cette)! [an old imperative; can hard to please difficil·is |is |e; he take a direct object]; hand out was hard on me in m¡ d»rus erat; 326 Conversational Latin

it’s hard to do, but I’ll try just the d¡nunti§re; have it your way! est« ut same difficile fact» est, sed con§bor lubet!; have to do: what do you nihil« s¡tius; take this hard hoc have to do with her? quid re¿ tibi est d»rum accipere, hoc aegr¡ fer« ferre cum ill§?; have to say: this I have to tul¿ say haec habe« d¿cere. hardback or hardcover book lib·er |r¿ hawk accipi·ter |tris m; hawks caw m l¿n« cont¡ctus accipitr¡s cr«citant (see bird) hard drive (comput) d»ra stati·« |«nis f hay f¡n·um |¿ n; make hay f¡num sec·« |§re |u¿ |tus; make hay while the hardware ferr§ment·a |«rum npl; sun shines! occ§si«nem amplectere!; (comput) appar§t·us |»s m carpe diem! comput§tr§lis hayloft f¡n¿l·ia |ium npl hardware store tabern·a |ae f ferr§ria hazelnut avell§n·a |ae f hard-working lab«ri«s·us |a |um head s cap·ut |itis n; back of the head harmonica harmonic·a |ae f ¿nfl§til·is occipiti·um |¿ n; be a head taller harp harp·a |ae f; play the harp harp§ than t«t« vertice supr§ (+ acc) esse; l»dere come into one’s head in buccam harp on the same theme cantil¡nam ven¿re [lit: come into one’s cheek]; eandem can·« |ere cecin¿ from head to foot § capite »sque ad calcem; head of state r¡ct·or |«ris m harsh sev¡r·us |a |um; harsh toward c¿vit§tis; put heads together capita d»r·us |a |um in (+ acc) c«nfer« c«nferre contul¿; top of the harshness d»riti·a |ae f head vert·ex |icis m harvest s (reaping) mess·is |is f; (the head tr (a committee, etc.) prae·sum crops themselves) pr«vent·us |»s m |esse |fu¿ (+ dat) ¶ intr head east ad orientem tend·« |ere tetend¿; head harvest tr met·« |ere messu¿ messus for pet·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tus hat petas·us |¿ m (with broad brim) head-first prae·ceps |cipitis hate s odi·um |¿ n heading titul·us |¿ m hate tr «d¿ «disse (defect v) headlight (autoc¿n¡t¿) lumin§r·e |is n; hateful «di«s·us |a |um turn on (turn off) the bright (dim) hatred (of, toward) odi·um |¿ n (in + lights l»min§ria praecandentia acc) (candentia) accend·« |ere |¿ (exstingu·« |ere exst¿nx¿) haughty ¡l§t·us |a |um, superb·us |a |um headmaster scholae r¡ct·or |«ris m haul off to prison rap·i« |ere |u¿ |tus in headmistress scholae r¡ctr·¿x |¿cis f carcerem headquarters (mil) praet«ri·um |¿ n; (of have (possess) hab·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus; a business) s¡d·¡s |is f (e.g., dinner) s»m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus; headway: make headway pr«fic·i« |ere (a sickness) lab«r§re (+ abl); have a pr«f¡c¿; make no headway nihil tough time of it vald¡ lab«r§re; have pr«ficere; we are making some it in for s.o. alicui per¿culum headway, I hope ut sp¡r«, General Vocabulary 327

pr«ficimus aliquantum take to one’s heels s¡ conicere in heal tr s§n§re ¶ intr s§n¡sc·« |ere ped¡s health (good or bad) val¡t»d·« |inis f; heifer iuvenc·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) bad health adversa (or mala, gravis, height: to be of average height stat»r§ ¿nfirma) val¡t»d«; bad health prope i»st§ esse suddenly hit me mala val¡t»d« m¡ helicopter helicopter·um |¿ n; be taken repent¡ inv§sit; for reasons of bad by helicopter to per helicopterum health val¡t»dinis caus§; good tr§ns·vehor |veh¿ |vectus sum; fly a health bona (or firma, commoda, helicopter helicopterum gubern§re; prospera) val¡t»d«; here’s to your fly in a helicopter helicopter« vehor health! tibi salutem prop¿n«!; bene veh¿ vectus sum tibi!; in sound health valid·us |a |um hell: go to hell! ¿ (pl: ¿te) in malam crucem!; I’m going to catch hell healthy s§n·us |a |um, salv·us |a |um hab¡b« conv¿cium; where the hell hear aud·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or -i¿ |¿tus; (to find are you? ubinam, malum, es? out about) cogn«sc·« |ere cogn«v¿ hello! salv¡! (pl: salv¡te)!; salvus (-a) cognitus s¿s! (pl: salv¿ (-ae) s¿tis)!; hello hearing (sense) aud¿t·us |»s m; (legal) there! eho istic!; Terentia says hello cogniti·« |«nis f; hold a hearing to you Terentia tibi sal»tem d¿cit cogniti«nem hab¡re helmet (of leather) gale·a |ae f; (of heart cor, cordis n; from the heart ex metal) cass·is |idis f anim«; heart and soul t«t« pectore; help s auxili·um |¿ n my heart was in my throat anima mihi in n§s« erat [lit: my breath was help tr iuv·« |§re i»v¿ i»tus, succurr·« in my nose]; take to heart cord¿ |ere |¿ succursum (+ dat) hab¡re helpless in·ops |opis heartache c»r·a |ae f, cordoli·um |¿ n helplessness inopi·a |ae f heaven: for heaven’s sake obsecr« [lit: hem limb·us |¿ m I pray]; heavens! edepol! heavens hem interj ehem! above! O d¿ immort§l¡s!; heaven forbid! d¿ melius faxint!; I’m in hen gall¿n·a |ae f (see bird) seventh heaven digit« caelum henpecked ux«rius atting«; in heaven’s name! per fort»n§s! herd (of cattle, swine) grex, gregis m; (of oxen and large animals) heck: give s.o. heck aliquem verb¿s arment·um |¿ n mal¿s obi»rg§re; heck no! minim¡ v¡r« hercle!; who the heck are here h¿c; here and now d¡praesenti§rum they? qu¿, malum, ist¿ sunt? [adv]; here I am! Ecce m¡! here with it! cedo! (pl: cette!) (can take heehaw intr rud·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tum an accusative object, e.g.: Here with heehaw s rud¿t·us |»s m that book! cedo istum librum!) heel cal·x |cis f; (of a shoe) fulment·um heroin hero¿n·um |¿ n; use heroin |¿ n; (slang) nequam hom·« |inis mf; hero¿n« »tor »t¿ »sus sum 328 Conversational Latin hey heus!; hey you, I’m talking to you! with them? concord§b§sne cum heus t», tibi ego d¿c«! ill¿s?; hit s.o. for a loan fer¿re hi! salv¡ (pl: salv¡te) aliquem m»tu« argent« hide s cori·um |¿ n; be after s.o.’s hide hmmm interj hem corium alic»ius pet·« |ere pet¿v¿; risk hoarse rauc·us |a |um one’s own hide cori« su« l»dere; hockey l»d·us |¿ m hocc¡ius, als»legi·a save one’s own hide corium serv§re |ae f; field hockey l»dus hocc¡ius high adj alt·us |a |um; (rank) ampl·us |a campestris; ice hockey l»dus |um; (opinion, price) magn·us |a hocc¡ius glaci§lis; play hockey |um; (fever) §rd·¡ns |entis; (note) hocc¡i« (or als»legi§) l»dere (see ac»t·us |a |um ; (on alchohol, drugs) Chapter V) ebri·us |a |um; be high on drugs § medic§ment¿s psychotropic¿s hockey player als»leg§ri·us |¿ m (·a inebri§re; high blood pressure |ae f) hypert«ni·a |ae f hockey puck disc·us |¿ m high adv to aim high magn§s r¡s hockey stick ped·um |¿ n, ferul·a |ae f appet·« |ere |¿v¿ repanda high jump salt·us |»s m in altum hog s»s, suis mf; hogs oink s»¡s highrise (building) multiz«ni·um |¿ n grunniunt high school schol·a |ae f superior hogwash: that’s hogwash! quisquilia! highway str§t·a |ae f autoc¿n¡tica hold tr ten·e« |¡re |u¿ |tus; (contain) hijack tr v¿ abd»cere cap·i« |ere c¡p¿; (an office) ger·« |ere gess¿ gestus; (a meeting) hab¡re; hijacking abducti·« |«nis f §eria hold it! (stop!) ast§!; hold it please! hike intr ambul§re man¡ obsecr«!; hold s.o. in high hike s ambul§ti·« |«nis f (highest) esteem aliquem magn¿ (maxim¿) facere; hold up (detain) hill coll·is |is m d¡tin·e« |¡re |u¿, imped·i« |¿re |¿v¿ hilly cl¿v«s·us |a |um |¿tus; what held you up? quid t¡ hip cox·a |ae f, coxend·ix |icis f imped¿vit? ¶ intr hold out d»r§re hippie antic«nformist·a |ae m (·ria hole in the wall (shabby lodgings) |riae f) stabul·um |¿ n hippopotamus hippopotam·us |¿ m holiday f¡ri·ae |§rum fpl; (from school) di·¡s |¡¿ m f¡ri§tus; today is a hiss intr s¿bil§re holiday hodi¡ f¡ri§s agimus hiss s s¿bil·us |¿ m holiness s§nctit·§s |§tis f historian historic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) holy s§nct·us |a |um history histori·a |ae f home dom·us |»s f; (direction) domum; hit s (in baseball) puls·us |»s m at home dom¿; at your home dom¿ hit tr (to strike) ¿c·« |ere |¿ ictus; (a tuae, apud t¡; from home dom«; to baseball) puls§re; did you hit it off my home ad m¡ General Vocabulary 329 home appliance ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n hope intr sp¡r§re; hope that sp¡r§re (+ domesticum ¡lectricum; home acc & inf) appliances ¡lectrica dom»s »t¡nsil·ia hope s sp¡s, spe¿ f; give up hope |ium npl d¡sp¡r§re home front: on the home front and on hopefully ut sp¡r« [as I hope] the war front dom¿ et m¿litiae hopeless d¡sp¡r§t·us |a |um homely ¿nspeci«s·us |a |um hopper l§bell·um |¿ n intimum, sell·a home page (comput) p§gin·a |ae f |ae f famili§rica domestica horizontal bar ferr·um |¿ n tr§nsversum home plate bas·is |is f summa (or hormone horm«n·um |¿ n domestica) horn b»cin·a |ae f; blow the horn home run circuit·us |»s m basium; hit a b»cin§ clang·« |ere home run circuitum basium facere hornet cr§br·« |«nis m homesick: be homesick ex d¡s¿deri« lab«r§re; I am homesick for m¡ horrible horribil·is |is |e d¡s¿derium tenet (+ gen) hors d’euveres pr«muls·is |idis f homework p¡ns·um |¿ n domesticum; horse equ·us |¿ m (written) praescr¿pt·um |¿ n horsefly tab§n·us |¿ m; horseflies buzz domesticum tab§n¿ bombilant homicide homic¿di·um |¿ n hose (for watering) tubul·us |¿ m; honest prob·us |a |um; (speaking the rubber hose tubulus cummeus truth) v¡r·§x |§cis; honest to God hospital val¡t»din§ri·um |¿ n pr« deum fidem hostage obs·es |idis mf honestly: tell me honestly d¿c bon§ fide hostess hospit·a |ae f honey mel, mellis n; (terms of hot (of a person, sun, water, bath, day) endearment) melill·a |ae f, mel n, calid·us |a |um (opp: fr¿gid·us |a melcul·um |¿ n |um); (boiling hot) fervid·us |a |um; honor hon«r§re (sultry) aestu«s·us |a |um; (spicey) acer, acris, acre; be hot cal·e« |¡re honorable honest·us |a |um |u¿; become hot cal¡sc·« |ere; be honorably honest¡ uncomfortably hot aestu§re; hot hood ploxen·um |¿ n weather aest·us |»s m; it is hot today hodi¡ cal¡tur hoodlum grass§t·or |«ris m hot dog hill·a |ae cal¡ns (gen: hillae hoof ungul·a |ae f calentis) f hooky: play hooky ¿nsci¿s parentibus § hot pants brevissimae br§·cae |§rum fpl schol§ abesse f¡min¿nae hoot intr (of owls) b»bul§re hot-tempered ¿r§cund·us |a |um hoot s I don’t give a hoot about him hotel d¡vers«ri·um |¿ n; stay at a hotel eum flocc¿ n«n faci« in d¡vers«ri« mor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum 330 Conversational Latin hotel manager d¡vers«ri¿ d¿r¡c·tor |t«ris hum intr murmur§re; (of bees) m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) bombil§re hotplate disc·us |¿ m coct«rius hum s murm·ur |uris m; (of bees) hound s.o. (coll) aliquem c«nsect·or |§r¿ bomb·us |¿ m |§tus sum human being hom·« |inis mf hour h«r·a |ae f; a half hour s¡mih«r·a humane h»m§n·us |a |um |ae f; an hour and a half s¡squih«r·a |ae f; a quarter of an humid »mid·us |a |um hour quadr·§ns |antis m h«rae; every humor s f¡st¿vit·§s |§tis f hour singul¿s h«r¿s; from hour to hour in h«r§s; three quarters of an humor tr humor s.o. alicui m«rem ger« hour d«dr·§ns |antis m h«rae gerere gess¿ hourly in h«r§s humorous f¡st¿v·us |a |um house dom·us |»s f, aed·¡s |ium fpl humorously f¡st¿v¡ house arrest cust«di·a |ae f l¿bera hump gibb·er |eris m how (in what way) qu«modo, qu« pact«; hunger fam·¡s |is f (chiefly after verbs of hearing, hung jury: be acquitted by a hung telling, etc.) ut (+ subj); (to what jury sententi¿s paribus absolv·or |¿ degree) quam; how are you? (how absol»tus sum are you doing?) quid agis? (pl: quid agitis?); ut val¡s? (pl: ut val¡tis?); hungry adj ¡suri·¡ns |entis how come? qu¿ fit? or qu¿ istuc? hunt (also go hunting) v¡n·or |§r¿ |§tus how far quo»sque; how far is … sum (see Chapter V) from quantum distat (or abest) … ab (+ abl); how goes it? quid fit?; how hunting v¡n§t·us |»s m long quamdi», quo»sque; how long hunting dog can·is |is m v¡n§ticus ago? quam pr¿dem? or quam d»dum?; how many quot [indecl]; hunting gear ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n how many times quoti¡ns, quoti¡s; v¡n§t«rium how much quant·us |a |um; how hurray! euax! much did you sell it for? quant¿ hoc v¡nit?; how much is this? quant¿ hoc hurricane ing¡ns procell·a |ae f c«nstat?; how much does it cost? id hurry intr proper§re; hurry up! m§t»r§! quant¿ c«nstat?; how often quoti¡ns; (pl: m§t»r§te!) how old are you? quot ann«s n§t·us hurry s: be in a hurry proper§re, (-a) es?; how so? quid ita?; (whatever made you say that?) fest¿n§re; but I’m in a hurry at qu¿dum?; how soon? quam mox?; proper«; what’s your hurry? quid how’s that? (What did you say?) fest¿n§s? qu¿dum? or quid iam? hurt tr noc·e« |¡re |u¿ (+ dat) ¶ intr however autem dol·e« |¡re |u¿; hurt a lot hug complect·or |¿ complexus sum; hug vehementer dol¡re each other inter s¡ complect¿ husband mar¿t·us |¿ m General Vocabulary 331 hygiene hygi¡n·¡ |¡s f; practice idiot fatu·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) hygyiene hygi¡n¡n exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ if s¿; if only utinam (+ subj) |itus iffy (slang) dubi·us |a |um hygienic hygi¡nic·us |a |um ignoramus nesapi·us |¿ m, nesapi·a |ae f hypertext adj hypertextu§l·is |is |e ignorance ¿nscienti·a |ae f hypertext s hypertext·us |»s m ignorant ¿nsc¿t·us |a |um; (unlearned) hypocrite simul§t·or |«ris m, simul§tr·¿x indoct·us |a |um |¿cis f ill (used of body and mind) ae·ger |gra hypocritical co§ct·us |a |um, simul§t·us |rum; (used of body only) aegr«t·us |a |um |a |um; be ill aegr«t§re; fall ill in morbum incid·« incidere incid¿ I ill health (adversa) val¡t»d·« |inis f; for ice glaci·¡s |¡¿ f; turn to ice glaci§r¿ reasons of ill health val¡t»dinis caus§ ice cream gelidum cr¡m·um |¿ n illiterate illitter§t·us |a |um ice hockey (see hockey) ill-mannered male m«r§t·us |a |um ice rink stadi·«n |¿ n glaciale ice-skate intr patin§re illness morb·us |¿ m, (mala) val¡t»d·« |inis f; serious illness gravis val¡t»d« iceskate s patin·us |¿ m illogical absurd·us |a |um ice-skater patin§t·or |«ris m, patin§tr·¿x |¿cis f ills mal·a |«rum npl ice-skating patin§ti·« |«nis f (see imagine im§gin·or |§r¿ |§tus sum Chapter V) immature imm§t»r·us |a |um icicle st¿ri·a |ae f immaturity imm§t»rit·§s |§tis f icon (comput) ¿c«n, ¿conis f immediately statim, continu«, extempl« icy glaci§l·is |is |e immoderate immodic·us |a |um idea c«nsili·um |¿ n, cogniti·« |«nis f; immodest impud¿c·us |a |um you’re full of ideas pl¡nus (-a) impartial aequ·us |a |um, incorrupt·us c«nsili¿ es |a |um et inte·ger |gra |grum ideal exempl·ar |§ris n impatient: be impatient with in¿qu« identical identic·us |a |um, ¿dem et p§r anim« fer« ferre tul¿ (+ acc) identification identific§ti·« |«nis f impatiently in¿qu« anim« identify identific§re imperative adj imper§t¿v·us |a |um; identity identit·§s |§tis f imperative mood mod·us |¿ m idiom fig»r·a |ae f, propriet·§s |§tis f imper§t¿vus linguae (Lat¿nae or Anglicae) imperfect tense s temp·us |oris n idiomatic expressions quae linguae praeteritum imperfectum Lat¿nae (or Anglicae) propria sunt imperial imperi§l·is |is |e 332 Conversational Latin impersonal adj impers«n§l·is |is |e indeclinable ind¡cl¿n§bil·is |is |e impetuous fervid·us |a |um indeed profect«, quidem, v¡r« impolite inurb§n·us |a |um indefinite ¿nf¿n¿t·us |a |um (opp: f¿n¿tus) importance: it is of the greatest impo- indicate tr signific§re rtance to me that … permagn¿ me§ indicative indic§t¿v·us |a |um; in the interest (+ acc & inf); indicative mood mod« indic§t¿v« important magn·us |a |um; consider it important id magn¿ aestim§re; it is indict s.o. aliquem re·um (-am) facere (very) important to me (you) that indifference fr¿g·us |oris n magn¿ (maxim¡) me§ (tu§) interest (+ indigestion cr»dit·§s |§tis f acc & inf); it’s not all that important tant¿ n«n est indignant indign§bund·us |a |um impress commov·e« |¡re comm«v¿ inept inept·us |a |um comm«tus inexpensive v¿l·is |is |e impression: make a deep impression inexperienced (in) inexpert·us |a |um on maxim¡ commov·e« |¡re (ab + abl or in + acc or adversus + comm«v¿ (+ acc) acc) improper indec·¡ns |entis infamous ¿nf§m·is |is |e improve tr ¡mend§re ¶ intr mel·ior |ior infancy ¿nfanti·a |ae f |ius f¿« fier¿ factus sum; (in studies) pr«fic·i« |ere pr«f¡c¿ infant ¿nf§ns, ¿nfantis mf improvement pr«fect·us |»s m infantry pedit§t·us |»s m imprudent impr»d·¡ns |entis infantryman ped·es |itis m impulse anim¿ impet·us |»s m infatuated: be infatuated with s.o. in prep in (+ abl); (in the writings of) aliquem efflictim am§re apud (+ acc); in all ex t«t« infer: I infer from what you say that in adv (motion) intr«; (rest or motion) … ex verb¿s tu¿s collig« (+ acc & intus; is your father in? estne pater inf) intus? infinitive s ¿nf¿n¿t¿v·um |¿ n inappropriate inept·us |a |um infirmary val¡t»din§ri·um |¿ n incisors dent¡s mpl pr¿m«r¡s inflame ¿nflamm§re include contin·e« |¡re |u¿ inflammation ¿nflamm§ti·« |«nis f incorrect viti«s·us |a |um inflect tr d¡cl¿n§re incorrectly viti«s¡ inflection s d¡cl¿n§ti·« |«nis f increase tr aug·e« |¡re aux¿ auctus ¶ influence gr§ti·a |ae f; have a lot of intr cr¡sc·« |ere cr¡v¿ (more, little, no) influence on incredible incr¡dibil·is |is |e multum (plus, paulum, nihil) posse indecent indec·¡ns |entis apud (+ acc) indecisive ambigu·us |a |um influential gr§ti«s·us |a |um General Vocabulary 333 inform: inform s.o. about aliquem instead of pr« (+ abl) certi«rem facere d¡ (+ abl) instruct ¿nstitu·« |ere |¿ ¿nstit»tus; informant ind·ex |icis mf instruct s.o. in s.th. ¿nstruere information indici·um |¿ n aliquem aliqu« ingenious artifici«s·us |a |um instruction (teaching) ¿nstit»ti·« |«nis f; instructions praecept·a |«rum npl; initiative: on my own initiative me§ (orders to do something) mand§t·a sponte |«rum npl injustice ini»stiti·a |ae f instructor praecept·or |«ris m, ink §tr§ment·um |¿ n praeceptr·¿x |¿cis f inland adj interi·or |or |us; inland seas insurance cauti·« |«nis f, ass¡c»r§ti·« mar·ia |ium npl interi«ra |«nis f; car insurance ass¡c»r§ti« inland adv intus; towns inland from vehicul§ria; casualty insurance Tarentum oppida per continentem § ass¡c»r§ti« indemnit§tis; health Tarent« insurance ass¡c»r§ti« val¡tudin§ria; insurance company societ·§s |§tis f in-law aff¿n·is |is mf v¿tae cauti«n¿ exercendae; life inn caup«n·a |ae f insurance pr« v¿t§ cauti«, v¿tae inning (of baseball) miss·us |»s m ass¡c»r§ti« innkeeper caup·« |«nis m integrity integrit·§s |§tis f innocence innocenti·a |ae f intellect intellect·us |»s m innocent (of) innoc·¡ns |entis (+ gen) intelligence intellegenti·a |ae f innumerable innumer·us |a |um intelligent intelleg·¡ns |entis input (comput) (dat«rum) init·us |»s m; intend d¡stin§re; in anim« esse (+ dat of input and output (dat«rum) initus the subject); I intended to set out exitusque straight for home erat mihi in anim« r¡ct§ profic¿sc¿ domum inquisitive c»ri«s·us |a |um intense (emotions) grand·is |is |e insane ¿ns§n·us |a |um intensive pronoun s pr«n«m·en |inis n insanity ¿ns§nit·§s |§tis f intenti«nis (ut “ipse” himself) insect ¿nsect·um |¿ n intentions: with the best intentions insensitive d»r·us |a |um optim« anim« »t¡ns insensitivity d»riti·a |ae f interchange coniuncti·« |«nis f vi§rum inside: go inside! ¿ (pl: ¿te) intus! interest s interest (in) studi·um |¿ n (+ insincere ¿nsinc¡r·us |a |um gen); (fin) faen·us |oris n, »s»r·a |ae f; compound interest anatocism·us install (comput) ¿nstru·« |ere ¿nstrux¿ |¿ m; have an interest in painting ¿nstructus studium pinguend¿ hab¡re; increase installment p¡nsi·« |«nis f; pay in five (lower) interest »s»ram aug·e« |¡re installments qu¿nque p¡nsi«nibus aux¿ (minu·« |ere |¿); lend money at solv·« |ere |¿ sol»tus interest pec»niam faenor¿ dare; rate 334 Conversational Latin

of interest »s»r·ae |§rum fpl; 3 interviewer interrog§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x percent (4 percent, 5 percent, 6 |tr¿cis f) percent, 12 percent) interest per intestines intest¿n·a |«rum npl annum quadrant¡s (trient¡s, qu¿nc»nc¡s, s¡miss¡s cent¡simae) intransitive adj intr§nsit¿v·us |a |um »s»rae; pay interest on »s»ram introduce (e.g., a custom) introd»cere; pend·o |ere pepend¿ (+ dat); simple (a person) (to) tr§d·« |ere |id¿ |itus interest perpetuum faen·us; take an (+ dat) interest in something studi« alic»ius introductory intr«duct«ri·us |a |um ten¡r¿ invade inv§d·« |ere inv§s¿ inv§sus in (+ interest tr ten·e« |¡re |u¿; sports don’t acc), cum exercit» ingred·ior |¿ interest me l»d¿ m¡ n«n tenent ingressus sum interested: children are interested in invest colloc§re games l¿ber¿ l»d¿s tenentur; I am interested in music m»sicae [dat] investigate invest¿g§re stude«; I am interested in that id investigator invest¿g§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x mihi c»rae est; I am not the least bit |tr¿cis f) interested in the races circ¡nsibus n¡ levissim¡ quidem teneor investment pec»niae colloc§ti·« |«nis f interesting (in appearance) speci«s·us invite inv¿t§re; (esp. to dinner) voc§re |a |um; that book is interesting ille involve implic§re; be involved in liber m¡ tenet vers·or |§r¿ |§tus sum in (+ abl) interfere in s¡ interp«n·« |ere interposu¿ Ireland Hiberni·a |ae f (+ dat) Irish adj Hibernic·us |a |um interior adj interi·or |or |us iron tr prem·« |ere press¿ pressus, interior s: in the interior in (ferr«) l¡vig§re mediterr§ne«, intus; toward the irregular adj inaequ§l·is |is |e; an interior intus irregular verb inaequ§le verbum (ut interjection s interiecti·« |«nis f (ut “vol«,” I want) “heus t»!” hey you!) irregularly adv inaequ§liter; “duo” is international law i»s, i»ris n gentium irregularly declined “duo” internet adj interr¡ti§l·is |is |e inaequ§liter d¡cl¿n§tur internet s interr¡t·e |is n irresponsible inoffici«s·us |a |um interrogate interrog§re irritable ¿r§cund·us |a |um interrupt interpell§re; don’t interrupt irritate exasper§re me! n«l¿ (pl: n«l¿te) m¡ interpell§re! is est; is that so? itane est? (or mihi obloqu¿!) island ¿nsul·a |ae f intersection compit·um |¿ n, quadrivi·um |¿ n isthmus isthm·us |¿ m (f) interview colloqui·um |¿ n it id, eius interrog§t«rium Italy Itali·a |ae f General Vocabulary 335 itch intr pr»r·i« |¿re; (fig) gest·i« |¿re; jog tol»tim cursit§re I’m just itching to gesti« quidem (+ joint articul·us |¿ m inf) joke intr ioc·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; all item of merchandise merx, mercis f joking aside ioc« rem«t«; now its eius you’re joking ioc§ris nunc t» joke s ioc·us |¿ m; as a joke per iocum J jokingly per iocum or inter iocum jacket iacc·a |ae f; (of leather) iacc·a jot down annot§re, d¡not§re |ae f scortea journal comment§ri·¿ |«rum mpl jail carc·er |eris m periodic¿ jailer cust«di§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) journalism diurn§ria ar·s |tis f jam bacc§rum cond¿t»r·a |ae f; be in a journalist diurn§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) jam in angusti¿s vers·or |§r¿ |§tus joy gaudi·um |¿ n; feel joy gaud·e« |¡re sum g§v¿sus sum January m¡ns·is |is m I§nu§rius; in joystick (comput) vectul·us |¿ m January m¡nse I§nu§ri« judge i»d·ex |icis m; sit as judge (hold jaw mal·ae |§rum fpl court) i»s d¿cere jawbone maxill·a |ae f judgment i»dici·»m |¿ n; against my jealous invid·us |a |um; be jealous of better judgment adversum ingenium invid·e« |¡re inv¿d¿ (+ dat) meum; in my judgment me« i»dici« jealousy invidi·a |ae f judicial i»dici§l·is |is |e; judicial system rati·« |«nis f i»dici§lis jeans br§c·ae |§rum fpl Genu¡ns¡s judo luct·a |ae f i»d«ica jello sorbill·um |¿ n concr¡tum juice succ·us |¿ m jelly cil·on (also quil·on) |¿ n July m¡ns·is |is m I»lius; in July m¡nse jerk (slang) larv·a |ae f I»li« jet plane §ëroplan·um |¿ n jump sal·i« |¿re |u¿ or |i¿; jump down pyrauloc¿n¡ticum d¡sil¿re; jump for joy exsult§re; jewel gemm·a |ae f jump rope ad f»nem sal¿re jeweler aurif·ex |icis m June m¡ns·is |is m I»nius; in June jewelry store gemm§ri·a |ae f m¡nse I»ni« jitters scr»pul·us |¿ m; give s.o. the junior iuni·or |«ris m jitters alicui scr»pulum inic·i« |ere junk scr»t·a |«rum npl ini¡c¿ juror i»d·ex |icis m job (piece of work) op·us |eris n; (as a jury c«nsili·um |¿ n; i»dic·¡s |um mpl means of livelihood) quaest·us |»s m; good job! r¡ct¡ factum!; it’s a big just adj i»st·us |a |um job but … magnum opus est sed just adv modo; just about (pretty well, tamen … virtually) propemodum; just a 336 Conversational Latin

moment ago modo; just as cum kid tr l»dere, l»dific§re, ioc·or |§r¿ |§tus maxim¡: just as I was writing that sum; don’t kid me n¡ m¡ l»d§s; cum haec maxim¡ scr¿berem; just you’re kidding! l»dis m¡! before (an event) sub (+ acc); just in kidney r¡n, r¡nis m time tempor¿; just now modo; just then tunc maxime; just the other kidney bean phas¡l·us |¿ m(f) day modo; just the same (anyhow) kill occ¿d·« |ere |¿ occ¿sus, nec§re; kill tamen or nihil« s¡tius; just when time tempus fall·« |ere fefell¿; cum maxim¡; just what? quidnam?; you’re killing me! m¡ ¡nic§s! just who? quisnam? kilometer ch¿liometr·um |¿ n justice i»stiti·a |ae f kind adj (to, toward) benevol·us |a |um justly i»st¡ (erg§ + acc) jut out see project kind s (type) gen·us |eris n; what kind of person is … ? qu§lis hom« est K …? kangaroo halmat»r·us |¿ m kindergarten paedotroph¡·um |¿ n karate luct·a |ae f car§tica kind-hearted benevol·us |a |um, benign·us |a |um keen-scented sag§cissim·us |a |um kindness benevolentia |ae f; (kind deed) keep (retain) ten·e« |¡re |u¿ |tus; benefici·um |¿ n; show kindness to (confine) contin·e« |¡re |u¿ s.o. benevolentiam alicui praest·« contentus; am I keeping you? num |§re praestit¿ d¡tine« t¡?; keep a stiff upper lip! fac ut anim« fort¿ s¿s!; keep this to kiss s «scul·um |¿ n, su§vi·um |¿ n; yourself haec t» t¡cum hab¡t«; keep (passionate) b§si·um |¿ n your cool! comp¡sce mentem!; keep kiss tr «scul§r¿, su§vi§r¿, su§vium dare one’s eyes on ocul«s intent§re in (+ (+ dat), b§si§re acc); what kept you? quid tenuit qu« minus ven¿r¡s? kitchen cul¿n·a |ae f ketchup ketsup·um |¿ n kitchen knife cul·ter |tr¿ m coqu¿n§ris key cl§v·is |is m; (of a typewriter or kitchen utensils ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl computer) pl¡ctr·um |¿ n, malleol·us coquin§t«ria |¿ m; (on the keyboard) malleol·us |¿ knapsack saccip¡ri·um |¿ n dorsu§le m; hit the key malleolum puls§re; knee gen·» |»s n room key cl§v·is |is f concl§vis kneecap patell·a |ae f keyboard (of a typewriter or computer) pl¡ctrologi·um |¿ n, «rd·« |inis m knife cult·er |r¿ m; (small knife) pl¡ctr«rum; (of a piano or organ) cultell·us |¿ m cl§viat»r·a |ae f knock down d¡ic·i« |ere d¡i¡c¿ d¡iectus; kick tr (a ball) pede puls§re; kick the (in boxing) stern·« |ere str§v¿ str§tus; bucket animam ¡bull·i« |¿re |i¿ knock out c«nsternere, pr«flig§re kid s (coll) frust·um |¿ n puer¿ or puellae knock it off! parce! (pl: parcite!) General Vocabulary 337 know sci« sc¿re sc¿v¿ sc¿tus; (to be ship) in terram ¡gredior |¿ ¡gressus familiar with a person or place) sum; (of a plane) deorsum appellere; n«v·¿ |isse (defective verb); get to (of a bird) (on) ¿ns¿d·« |ere ¿ns¡d¿ (+ know n«sc·« |ere n«v¿ n«tus; he dat) thinks he knows better than I do land s terr·a |ae f; (a piece of land) c¡nset s¡ pl»s sapere quam m¡; I’m ag·er |r¿ m dying to know how you are doing quid ag§s, vald¡ ave« sc¿re; know for landing (of a plane) appuls·us |»s m; sure certum (or cert«) sc¿re; know (on stairs) sc§l§ri·um |¿ n how to sc¿re (+ inf); let me know landscape regi«nis form·a |ae f what you are doing m¡ velim language lingu·a |ae f, serm·« |«nis m; certi«rem faci§s, quid ag§s; let me the Latin language lingua Lat¿na, know where you are facit« ut sciam serm« Lat¿nus ubi s¿s; not know nesc·i« |¿re language lab offic¿n·a |ae f loqu¡l§ris knowledge scienti·a |ae f; (acquisition of knowledge) cogniti·« |«nis f; lap gremi·um |¿ n without the knowledge of clam (+ laptop (comput) comput§trul·um |¿ n abl); without your knowledge clam port§bile v«b¿s lark alaud·a |ae f (see bird) known n«t·us |a |um; make known last adj ultim·us |a |um; (in line) palam facere; well known novissim·us |a |um; (immediately n«tissim·us |a |um preceding) proxim·us |a |um; (adj knuckle articul·us |¿ m digit¿ used where English uses an adv) knucklehead b§r·« |«nis m novissim·us |a |um, e.g., Cicero spoke last Cicer« novissimus loc»tus est; at last d¡mum; last night her¿ L vesper¿, proxim§ nocte; the night label pittaci·um |¿ n before last superi«re nocte laborer oper§ri·us |¿ m, oper§ri·a |ae f last intr d»r§re, perd»r§re lacrosse l»d·us |¿ m lacrossensis; play late adj s¡r·us |a |um lacrosse l»d« lacross¡ns¿ l»dere late adv s¡r«; all too late imm« iam lacrosse stick (or crosse) croci·a |ae f; s¡r«; too late s¡rius; very late cradle the stick crociam agit§re s¡rissim¡ ladle tr»ll·a |ae f lately n»per lagoon st§gn·um |¿ n later poste§; a little later poste§ aliquant«; postpone till later dif·fer« lake lac·us |»s m |ferre distul¿ d¿l§tus in aliud tempus lamb agn·us |¿ m, agn·a |ae f; (as food) latest: at latest summum; perhaps agn¿n·a |ae f; lambs bleat agn¿ tomorrow, at latest the day after b§lant that fortasse cr§s, summum perendi¡ lamp lucern·a |ae f Latin (to know, read, teach, speak, land intr (of a ship) (ad terram) appell·« understand, write) Lat¿n¡; are you |ere appul¿; (of a passenger on a learning Latin? discisne Lat¿n¡?; 338 Conversational Latin

did you forget Latin? esne obl¿tus lawyer i»risper¿t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); (|a) L§t¿n¡?; do you know Latin? defense lawyer advoc§t·us |¿ m (·a n«st¿ne Lat¿n¡?; do you know how |ae f); trial lawyer causidic·us |¿ m to speak Latin? sc¿sne Lat¿n¡ loqu¿?; (·a |ae f) do you read Latin easily? legisne lay (to place) p«n·« |ere posu¿ positus; Lat¿n¡ facile?; do you speak Latin (bricks) stru·« |ere |x¿ |ctus; (eggs) (fluently)? loquerisne Lat¿n¡ par·i« |ere peper¿; lay a finger on (pr«fluenter)?; do you teach Latin? s.o. aliquem »n« digit« atting·« |ere doc¡sne Lat¿n¡?; do you understand attig¿; lay it on the line d¿r¡ctum Latin? intellegisne Lat¿n¡?; first- loquor, loqu¿ loc»tus sum; lay off! year Latin pr¿mus Lat¿nit§tis ann·us d¡sine (pl: d¡sinite) tandem! |¿ m; since when have you been layer the hair comam in grad»s frang·« learning Latin? ex qu« tempore |ere fr¡g¿ fr§ctus Lat¿n¡ didicist¿?; where did you study Latin? ubi Lat¿ne studuist¿?; layover commor§ti·« |«nis f who is able to write Latin? quis laziness ign§vi·a |ae f Lat¿ne scr¿bere potest? lazy ign§v·us |a |um, pi·ger |gra |grum Latin teacher Lat¿nit§tis magistr·a |ae f lead d»c·« |ere d»x¿ ductus; all roads or magist·er |r¿ m lead to Rome omn¡s viae R«mam Latium Lati·um |¿ n (district in which d»cunt Rome lies) leader pr¿nc·eps |ipis m laugh r¿d·e« |¡re r¿s¿; I laughed till I lead pencil stil·us |¿ m plumb§tus, cried r¿s¿ »sque ad lacrim§s; laugh at graphi·um |¿ n r¿d¡re learn disc·« |ere didic¿; learn by heart laundry full«nic·a |ae f, offic¿n·a |ae f ¡discere; learn thoroughly lav§t«ria; (dirty clothes) lavand§ri·a perdiscere |«rum npl learned doct·us |a |um, ¡rud¿t·us |a |um lavender lavandul§ce·us |a |um learner disc·¡ns |entis mf law l¡x, l¡gis f; (divine law) fas n (indecl); (denoting the entire body of leash s cingul·um |¿ n law) i»s, i»ris n; against the law leash tr (a dog) (canem) cingul« allig§re contr§ i»s; (against a specific law) least minim¡; at least utique, saltem contr§ l¡gem; by law l¡ge; break the law l¡gem viol§re; in accordance leather adj ex cori«; (for with the law l¡ge weatherproofing) scorte·us |a |um; leather raincoat scorte·a paenul·a lawfully l¡gitim¡ |ae f lawn pr§tul·um |¿ n; mow the lawn leather s cori·um |¿ n pr§tulum resec§re leave (depart) disc¡d·« |ere discess¿ lawnmower herbisectr·um |¿ n discess»rus; (office) ab·e« |¿re |i¿ (+ lawsuit l¿·s |tis f; bring (or file) a abl); leave it up to s.o. to … alicui lawsuit against s.o. l¿tem alicui mand§re ut (+ subj); leave me alone! intend·« |ere |¿ omitte (pl: omittite) m¡!; leave no General Vocabulary 339

stone unturned null« loc« d¡sum me go! mitte (pl: mittite) m¡!; let me d¡esse d¡fu¿ know fac (pl: facite) ut sciam; let me leave of absence comme§t·us |»s m see licet (ut) videam; let s.o. down alicui d¡sum d¡esse d¡fu¿, d¡fici·« lecherous lib¿din«s·us |a |um |ere d¡f¡c¿ (+ dat); let’s go e§mus; lectern l¡ct«ri·um |¿ n let up (of rain, snow) d¡tum¡scit |ere lecture §cro§s·is |is f; (explicating an letter s epistul·a |ae f, litter·ae |§rum author) prael¡cti·« |«nis f; give a fpl; (of the alphabet) litter·a |ae f; lecture §cro§sin facere, serm«nem letters form syllables litterae faciunt hab¡re syllab§s lecture hall aud¿t«ri·um |¿ n letter opener ¡nsicul·us |¿ m epistul§ris left sinist·er |ra |rum, laev·us |a |um; on lettuce lact»c·a |ae f the left § sinistr§; (to the) left leukemia leukaemi·a |ae f sinistr«rsum level s (instrument) l¿br·a |ae f (aqu§ria); leftovers (from a meal) reliqui·ae |§rum be on a level with s.o. par esse alicu¿ fpl lever vect·is |is m leg cr»s, cr»ris n librarian biblioth¡c§ri·us m (·a |ae f) legal l¡gitim·us |a |um, secundum l¡gem library biblioth¡c·a |ae f or l¡g¡s license (to drive) dipl«m·a |atis n legally l¡gitim¡, l¡ge or l¡gibus gubern§ti«nis legislation l¡gisl§ti·« |«nis f license plate not§cul·um |¿ n autoc¿n¡t¿ legislator l¡gisl§t·or |«ris m (in Roman lie intr (be lying down) iac·e« |¡re |u¿; government, a proposer of a bill) (in bed) cub·« |§re |u¿; (be situated) leisure time «ti·um |¿ n, temp·us |oris n sit·us |a |um esse; (tell a lie) vacuum ment·ior |¿r¿ ment¿tus sum; lie down lemon citre·um |¿ n (to rest) d¡cumb·« |ere d¡cubu¿; lie in the direction of verg·« |ere ad (+ lemonade l¿mon§t·a |ae f acc) length longit»d·« |inis f; in length in lie s fals·um |¿ n, mend§ci·um |¿ n; tell a longit»dinem lie mend§cium d¿cere lengthen tr pr«d»c·« |ere pr«d»x¿ lieutenant locumten·¡ns |entis mf pr«ductus (opp: corripere) life v¿t·a |ae f; but such is life sed v¿ta lengthwise per longit»dinem fert; it’s not a question of life or lens l¡ns, lentis f optica death n«n capitis r¡s agitur; lead the life of Riley v¿tam Chiam ger·« |ere lentil l¡n·s |tis f gess¿; on my life! ita v¿vam! leopard pard·us |¿ m life imprisonment: give s.o. life lesson l¡cti·« |«nis f, praecept·um |¿ n imprisonment aliquem damn§re let permitt·« |ere perm¿s¿ permissus; let carcer¿ quoad v¿vat fall d¡mitt·« |ere d¡m¿s¿ d¡missus; lift weights libr§menta toll·« |ere sustul¿ let fly ¡mitt·« |ere ¡m¿s¿ ¡missus; let subl§tus 340 Conversational Latin ligament lig§m·en |inis n linen adj l¿ne·us |a |um; linen cloth light adj make light of in lev¿ hab¡re saban·um |¿ n light s l»m·en |inis (¡lectricum) n; turn linen s linteum |¿ n, l¿n·um |¿ n on (off) the light l»men accend·« linesman (sports) i»d·ex |icis m |ere |¿ acc¡nsus (exped·i« |¿re |¿v¿) l¿ne§rius light bulb globul·us |¿ m ¡lectricus link s (comput) c«nex·us |»s m lighter ignit§bul·um |¿ n link tr (comput) c«nect·« |ere c«nexu¿ lightning intr it is lightning fulget c«nexus fulg¡re fulsit, fulgur§re linker (comput) c«nectr·um |¿ n lightning s fulm·en |inis n; be struck linking (comput) c«nexi·« |«nis f by lightning fulmine (or ¡ cael«) ¿cor ¿c¿ ictus sum lion le·« |«nis m, leaen·a |ae f; lions roar le«n¡s r»giunt lightning bug musc·a |ae f ignifera lip labr·um |¿ n; lower lip labrum like adj simil·is |is |e (+ gen or, more ¿nferius; upper lip labrum superius; rarely, dat); he said something like keep a stiff upper lip fac, ut anim« this haec fer¡ d¿xit; that’s more like it propemodum est fort¿ s¿s like tr (care for) c»r§re; I’d like to list numer·us |¿ m; (e-mail list) grex, velim (+ inf); I’d like you to come gregis m (interr¡ti§lis) velim (ut) veni§s; I like s.th. (best) list owner (comput) gregis moder§·tor aliquid mihi (potissimum) placet; I |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) like summer aest§s mihi placet; I listless d¡s·es |idis like the city urbs m¡ d¡lectat; I like this hoc mihi placet; I like to do this liter l¿tr·a |ae f m¡ iuvat hoc facere; I like to watch literal adj propri·us |a |um (opp: the races libenter circ¡ns¡s spect«; tr§nsl§t¿vus) stay if you like man¡ s¿ tib¿ plac¡bit literally adv propri¡, ad verbum (opp: likely v¡r¿simil·is |is |e; it is more fig»r§t¡) likely that … v¡r¿similius est (acc + inf); most likely she will come litter lect¿c·a |ae f proximum est ut veniat (or little adv paulum; a little paululum; a v¡r¿simillim¡ est eam vent»ram esse) little bigger paul« amplior line l¿ne·a |ae f; (of prose or poetry) little adj parv·us |a |um; for a little vers·us |»s m; draw a line with a while paulisper; little brother ruler l¿neam per r¡gulam d»cere; fr§tercul·us |¿ m; little sister drop me a line when you have time sororcul·a |ae f scr¿be aliquid litter§rum quand« vac§s; form a long line longum live (be alive) v¿v·« |ere v¿x¿ v¿ctum; agmen facere; in a straight line per (reside) habit§re; live it up d¿r¡ctum, r¡ct§; he’s feeding you a pergraec·or |§r¿; live near, (in the line verba tibi iste dat; lay it on the case of a river) live on the banks of line d¿r¡ctum loquor loqu¿ loc»tus accol·« |ere |u¿ accultum; live on sum (e.g., a venison) vesc·or |¿ (+ abl); General Vocabulary 341

you’re living on borrowed time d¡ lonely s«l·us |a |um lucr« v¿vis (pl: v¿vitis) long adj long·us |a |um, pr«duct·us |a live adj v¿v·us |a |um |um (opp: brevis, correptus); a vowel liveliness alacrit·§s |§tis f is long by nature or by position voc§lis est longa n§t»r§ aut positi«ne; lively ala·cer |cris |cre fifteen miles long qu¿ndecim m¿lia liver iec·ur |oris n passuum (often written: p.) in longit»dinem or qu¿ndecim m¿lia livestock pec·us |oris n passuum in longit»dinem pat¡ns living s make a living quaestum facere long adv di»; (for a) long time now or v¿ctum quaerit§re iamd»dum; how long quam di»; how living room sess«ri·um |¿ n, synoeci·um much longer quamdi» etiam; it |¿ n would take too long to … longum lizard lacert·us |¿ m, lacert·a |ae f erat (+ inf); long ago pr¿dem; long after (before) mult« post (ante); loaded (with money) c«pi«s·us |a |um; longer di»tius; too long di»tius, (drunk) madid·us |a |um nimium di» loaf intr cess§re long-distance number numer·us |¿ m loaf of bread p§n·is |is m longinquus loan argent·um ¿ n m»tuum; may I hit long for d¡s¿der§re you for a loan? licetne t¡ m»tu« longing (for) d¡s¿deri·um |¿ n (+ gen) fer¿re? long jump (sports) salt·us |»s m in lobster astac·us |¿ m longum local number numer·us |¿ m loc§lis long-sleeved manic§t·us |a |um local train tr§m·en |inis n comm»ne long-winded long·us |a |um located sit·us |a |um look aspic·i« |ere aspex¿ aspectus; locket capsell·a |ae f; wear a locket (appear, seem) videor vid¡r¿ v¿sus around the neck capsellam d¡ sum; it looks that way to me ita cerv¿ce ger·« |ere gess¿ gestus; (worn mihi vid¡tur; look! ecce!; look after by boys, of leather, silver or gold) c»r§re; look around circumspicere; bull·a |ae f; wearing a locket look at ¿nspic·i« |ere ¿nspex¿ bull§t·us |a |um ¿nspectus; look down on (despise) d¡spect§re; look for qaer·« |ere lock up occl»·d« |dere |s¿ |sus; (in quaes¿v¿ quaes¿tus: aha, the very prison) in carcerem comping·« |ere person I was looking for! attat, comp¡g¿ comp§ctus quem quaer¡bam!; look forward to locust l«cust·a |ae f; locusts chirp exspect§re; look here, you! eho t»!; l«custae str¿dent look into ¿nspicere; (examine) log in intr (comput) in·e« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ perscr»t§r¿; look like vid·eor |¡r¿ v¿sus sum similis (+ dat or gen); I log out intr (comput) ex·e« |¿re |iv¿ or don’t know what he (or she) looks |i¿ like qu§ sit faci¡, nesci«; look out of loneliness s«lit»d·« |inis f the window ex fenestr§ pr«spicere; 342 Conversational Latin

look over (someone) contempl§re; (a low intr (of cattle) m»g·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ book, essay) perleg·« |ere perl¡g¿; low adj I am low on (e.g., paper) look someone in the eye aliquem (charta) mihi d¡est; in a low voice r¡ct¿s ocul¿s intu·eor |¡r¿ intuitus summiss§ v«ce; run low d¡fic·i« |ere sum; look up (a reference) inqu¿r·« d¡f¡c¿ |ere inqu¿s¿v¿ inqu¿s¿tus in (+ acc); look up at suspicere; look up to (out low-born ign«bil·is |is |e of respect) suspicere lower jaw mand¿bul·a |ae f look-out: keep a careful look-out loyal fid¡l·is |is |e, f¿d·us |a |um; omnia circumspect§re remain loyal in fid¡ man·e« |¡re m§ns¿ look-out man ind·ex |icis m loyalty fid¡lit·§s |§tis f loose (not tight) lax·us |a |um; (morally) dissol»t·us |a |um lube job, lubrication »ncti·« |«nis f autoc¿n¡t¿ loose-leaf folder coll¡ct«ri·um |¿ n luck fort»n·a |ae f; good luck! f¡l¿citer! loose-leaf tablet c«dicill·us ¿ m chart§rum luckily f¡l¿citer lop-sided inaequ§l·is |is |e lucky f¡l·¿x |¿cis, fort»n§t·us |a |um lose (mostly unintentionally) §mitt·« |ere luggage v§s·a |«rum npl; sarcin·ae §m¿s¿ §missus; (mostly blamably) |§rum fpl; piece of luggage sarcin·a per·d« |dere |did¿ |ditus |ae f; (small) sarcinul·a |ae f loud adj magn·us |a |um, cl§r·us |a |um luggage rack retin§cul·um |¿ n sarcin§le loud adv magn§ voce, cl§r¡ luggage tag pittaci·um |¿ n sarcin§le loudmouth cl§m§t·or |«ris m, cl§m§tr·¿x lump s t»bercul·um |¿ n |¿cis f lump tr lump s.o. together with aliquem acc»d·« |ere (+ dat) loudspeaker megaph«n·um |¿ n lunch prandi·um |¿ n; eat lunch louse p¡dicul·us |¿ m prand·e« |¡re prand¿; have lunch lousy foed·us |a |um; (weather) spurc·us prandium s»m·« |ere s»mps¿ s»mptus |a |um; feel lousy s¡ male hab¡re lung pulm·« |«nis m lovable am§bil·is |is |e lust cupidit·§s |§tis f; (sexual desire) love s am·or |«ris m (followed by erga or lib¿d·« |inis f in + acc, or by gen, if the object is lying falsiloqu·us |a |um not a person); fall in love at first sight »n« aspect» in am«rem incid·« lyre lyr·a |ae f |ere |¿ love tr am§re M lover am§t·or |«ris m, am§tr·¿x |¿cis f macaroni past·a |ae f tubul§ta love seat biselli·um |¿ n (t«ment« machine m§chin·a |ae f fartum) machinery m§chin§le ¿nstr»ment·um loving am·§ns |antis |¿ n General Vocabulary 343 machinist m§chin§t·or |«ris m make the mouth water ad sal¿vam mackerel scomb·er |r¿ m facere; make up (a story) excogit§re; make up with s.o. in gr§tiam cum mad (insane) ¿ns§n·us |a |um; (angry) aliqu« red·e« |¿re |i¿ ¿r§t·us |a |um; be mad about (be madly in love with) d¡per·i« |¿re |i¿ malaria mal§ri·a |ae f (+ acc); go mad mente ali¡n§r¿; I’m mall for·um |¿ n subt¡gul§neum mad at you tibi susc¡nse« or ego tibi man vir, vir¿ m ¿r§tus sum manage c»r§re; (e.g., a bank) moder·or madam domin·a |ae f |§r¿ |§tus sum; (esp. on a large scale) magazine comment§ri·¿ |«rum mpl administr§re; if you can manage it s¿ periodic¿ im§gine¿ id c«nficere poteris magic s magica ar·s |tis f; practice manager moder§t·or |«ris m, magic magic§s art¡s exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ moder§tr·¿x |¿cis f magic, magical adj magic·us |a |um; do mane i»b·a |ae f magic tricks praest¿gi·or |§r¿ manuscript manuscr¿pt·um |¿ n magician mag·us |¿ m, mag·a |ae f many mult·¿ |ae |a magistracy magistr§t·us |»s m map chart·a |ae f geographica; map of magistrate magistr§t·us |»s m the world orb·is |is m terr§rum magnetic magn¡tic·us |a |um p¿ctus maid ancill·a |ae f, famul·a |ae f march intr iter facere mail s epistul·ae |§rum fpl, r¡s (r¡rum) March s m¡ns·is |is m M§rtius; in fpl cursu§l¡s; (postal system) curs·us March m¡nse M§rti« |»s m p»blicus; (comput) litter·ae margarine margar¿n·um |¿ n |§rum fpl ¡lectronicae, epistul·a |ae f ¡lectronica; deliver mail r¡s marijuana cannab·is |is f; smoke cursu§l¡s red·d« |dere |did¿ |ditus; marijuana f»mum cannabis s»g·« forward mail r¡s cursu§l¡s d¡fer« |ere s»x¿ d¡ferre d¡tul¿ d¡l§tus; stack of mail marine m¿l·es |itis m classicus; the multiiugae litterae fpl marines classi§ri·¿ |«rum mpl mail tr d« dare ded¿ datus; I mailed the mark tr (draw or make a mark on letter yesterday litter§s her¿ ded¿ anything) not§re; (set down mentally) mailbox capsul·a |ae f tabell§ria d¡sign§re; mark my words animum intende (pl: intendite) in dicta mea mailman tabell§ri·us |¿ m mason fa·ber |br¿ m lapid§rius mainland contin·¡ns |entis f mast m§l·us |¿ m main road vi·a |ae f pr¿ncip§lis master’s degree grad·us |»s m major in operam pr¿m§riam (cuidam discipl¿nae) dare magistr§lis make believe that adsimul§re quasi (+ match r§ment·um |¿ n flammiferum; subj), simul§re (+ acc w. inf); make (sports) cert§m·en |inis n fun of l»dific§re, ¡l»d·« |ere ¡l»s¿; mathematics mathematic·a |ae f 344 Conversational Latin matter intr it doesn’t matter to me means: by all means! maxim¡!, immo!; nihil ad m¡ pertinet; what does that by fair means r¡ct¡; by means of matter to me (you, us)? quid id me§ render by abl or per (+ acc); by no (tu§, n«b¿s) r¡fert? means haudqu§quam matter s r¡s, re¿ f; for that matter ade«; meanwhile interim no matter how… quamv¿s (+ subj); measles morbili·i |«rum mpl what on earth’s the matter? quidnam est?; what’s the matter measure intr pat·e« |¡re |u¿, collig·« with you? quid est t¡cum? or quid |ere coll¡g¿; measuring ten miles in istuc est re¿? circumference pat¡ns (or collig¡ns) decem m¿lia passuum circuit» mattress culcit·a |ae f; air mattress culcita ¿nfl§tilis meat car·« |nis f May m¡ns·is |is m M§ius; in May meatball globul·us |¿ m carneus m¡nse M§i« meat grinder m§chin·a |ae f carn§rium may: I (you, etc.) may mihi (tibi, etc.) meat tray fercul·um |¿ carn§ri·um m licet; may I leave? licetne mihi mechanic mechanicus opif·ex |icis m ab¿re? or licetne mihi (ut) abeam? (Note: in short phrases the ut is often medal nomism·a |atis n; gold (silver, omitted) bronze) medal nomisma aureum (argenteum, aereum) maybe fortasse medical practice medic¿n·a |ae f mayonnaise liqu§m·en |inis n Mag«nicum medication medic§ment·um |¿ n mayor praefect·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) urb¿ medicine medic¿n·a |ae f, medic§m·en |inis n; practice medicine meadow pr§t·um |¿ n medic¿nam exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ meal cib·us |¿ m Mediterranean Sea internum mar·e |is mean tr signific§re; (intend) vol« velle n, Tuscum mare, Tyrrh¡num mare volu¿; do you know whom I mean? meet tr & intr con·veni« |ven¿re |v¡n¿ sc¿sne quem d¿cam?; do you mean |ventus me? m¡ne v¿s? yes, you t¡; do you really mean it? aisne v¡r«? Yes, I meeting congress·us |»s m do ai«; how do you mean that? qu¿ megaphone megaph«n·um |¿ n istuc v¿s?; now you know what I melt tr dissol·v« |vere |v¿ |»tus ¶ intr mean sc¿s iam quid loquar; what liqu¡sc·« |ere does this mean? quid hoc sibi vult?; what do you mean? quid tibi v¿s?; member (of the body) membr·um |¿ n; what do you mean by that? quid (of an organization) sod§l·is |is mf istuc est verb¿?; what I mean is (in memorize ¡disc·« |ere ¡didic¿ correcting a misunderstanding) at memory memori·a |ae f; commit to enim memory memoriae mand§re; have a meaning s signific§ti·« |«nis f; basic good memory bon§ memori§ esse; if meaning pr¿nceps signific§ti« my memory serves me right s¿ ego General Vocabulary 345

satis commemin¿; in memory of in microwave oven furn·us |¿ m und§rum memoriam (+ gen) brevium mend (clothes) sarc·i« |¿re sars¿ sartus middle class «rd·« |inis m medius; (in mention s menti·« |«nis f; since Rome) equit·¡s |um mpl mention has been made of money middle school schol·a |ae f media quoniam numm«rum menti« facta est midget n§n·us |¿ m, n§n·a |ae f mention tr I don’t want to mention midnight media no·x, |ctis f; around him by name eum n«l« n«min§re; midnight medi§ circiter nocte; at not to mention ut n«n (or nihil) midnight (d¡) medi§ nocte; before d¿cam d¡ (+ abl); not to mention the midnight ante mediam noctem fact that … ut mittam quod (+ indic) midwife obstetr·¿x |¿cis f menu cib«rum ind·ex |icis m, cib«rum tabell·a |ae f; (comput) iuss«rum migraine h¡micr§ni·a |ae f; have a tabell·a |ae f migraine headache dol·e« |¡re |u¿ ab h¡micr§ni§ merchandise v¡n§lici·a |«rum npl, merc·¡s |ium fpl mild cl¡m·¡ns |entis, m¿t·is |is |e merchant merc§t·or |«ris m; (in a mile mille pass·»s |uum mpl; two miles market) macell§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) duo m¿lia npl passuum mermaid nymph·a |ae f mar¿na military m¿lit§r·is |is |e; military age aet·§s |§tis f m¿lit§ris; military merrily hilar¡, f¡st¿v¡ service m¿liti·a |ae f; enter military merry hilar·is |is |e, hilar·us |a |um; service m¿litiam in¿re; perform Merry Christmas! Faustum ac military service m¿lit§re; the F¡l¿cem Chr¿st¿ N§t§lem (tibi military m¿liti·a |ae f exopt«)! Fausta F¡sta N§t§licia milk s lac lactis n Chr¿st¿ (tibi exopt«)! milk tr mul·ge« |g¡re |s¿ |sus or |ctus merry-go-round circumvect§bul·um |¿ n mince: without mincing words sine mess (dirt) squ§l·or |«ris m; (confusion) f»c« ac fall§ci¿s turb·a |ae f; geez, what a mess! eu mind tr (look after) c»r§re, tu·eor |¡r¿ edepol r¡s turbulent§s!; make a mess tuitus sum; (regard) respic·i« |ere of it turb§s conci·e« |¡re conc¿v¿ respex¿ respectus; (object to) aegr¡ conc¿tus (or molest¡) fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; I message n»nti·us |¿ m don’t mind if you stay n«n lab«r« s¿ man¡s; if you don’t mind s¿ tibi metal metall·um |¿ n molestum n«n est; s¿ tibi vid¡tur; meter (unit of measure, verse) metr·um mind my words auscult§ (pl: |¿ n auscult§te) dict¿s me¿s!; mind one’s meticulous acc»r§t·us |a |um own business neg«tium suum ag« agere ¡g¿; never mind! sine! (pl: microphone microph«n·um |¿ n sinite!); never mind what he says microscope microscopi·um |¿ n mitte (pl: mittite) quod d¿cit 346 Conversational Latin mind s m¡n·s |tis f, anim·us |¿ m; be in misbehave s¡ male (or indec«r¡) ger·« one’s right mind apud s¡ esse; |ere gess¿ change one’s mind sententiam miserable mis·er |era |erum m»t§re; come to mind in mentem ven¿re; enter my mind mihi in misery miseri·a |ae f mentem ven¿re; have in mind to in misquote ali¿s verb¿s p«n·« |ere posu¿ anim« hab¡re (+ inf); he’s out of his positus mind ali¡n§tus est § s¡; I made up miss (feel the want of) d¡s¿der§re; (pass my mind to leave constitu¿ hinc by without noticing) praeter·mitt« ab¿re or certum est mihi hinc ab¿re; I |mittere |m¿s¿; miss the mark was out of my mind when … d¡stin§t« aberr§re d¡sipi¡bam mentis cum … ; it slipped my mind to write to you missile miss¿l·e |is n f»git m¡ ad t¡ scr¿bere; of sound mist nebul·a |ae f mind comp·os |otis mentis; set your mistake err·or |«ris m, err§t·um |¿ n; mind at ease hab¡ animum l¡nem et (esp. in writing) mend·um |¿ n; by tranquillum; what’s on your mind? mistake impr»d¡ns, perperam; make quid tibi in anim« est? a mistake err§re; you’re making a mine s metall·um |¿ n, fod¿n·a |ae f; big mistake err§s pervers¡ or coal mine fod¿n·a |ae f carb«n§ria; vehementer err§s gold mine aurifod¿n·a |ae f; gold mistaken (idea) fals·us |a |um; unless I (lead, iron, copper, silver, tin) mine am mistaken nisi fallor metallum aur¿ (plumb¿, ferr¿, cupr¿, misty nebul«s·us |a |um argent¿, plumb¿ alb¿); mine shaft fod¿nae pute·us |¿ m mixed salad comm¿xta ac¡t§ri·a |«rum npl mine tr effod·i« |ere eff«d¿ eff«ssus mixer m§chin·a |ae f m¿xt«ria miner metall§ri·us |¿ m, f«ss·or |«ris m mobile home domuncul·a |ae f mineral water aqu·a |ae f miner§lis subrot§ta; (trailer home) miniskirt castul·a |ae f brevissima (or habit§cul·um |¿ n remulc§tum d¡curt§ta) model exempl·ar |§ris n; (of clothes) minister (eccl) minis·ter |tr¿ m (·tra vestiment«rum m«nst§tr·¿x |¿cis f (or |trae f), p§st·or |«ris m m«nstr§t·or |«ris m) minute min»t·a, |ae f; any minute now modem (comput) tr§nsmodul§tr·um |¿ n iam iamque; in a minute m«ment« moderate (of persons) moder§t·us |a temporis; the minute I saw you |um; (of things) modic·us |a |um; of extempl« ubi ego t¡ v¿d¿; this minute moderate size modic·us |a |um (right now) iam; (immediately) §ct»tum; wait a minute man¡ dum modest modest·us |a |um mirror specul·um |¿ n; look at oneself modesty modesti·a |ae f in the mirror s¡ in specul« intu·eor modify tr adicior adic¿ adiectus sum (+ |¡r¿; look into the mirror in dat); which noun does “bonus” speculum ¿nspic·i« |ere ¿nspex¿ modify? cui n«min¿ “bonus” ¿nspectus adicitur? General Vocabulary 347 modifying adj adiect·us |a |um (+ dat) read” modus subi»nct¿vus, ut “cum molars dent¡s mpl mol§r¡s legam” mole talp·a |ae f moose alc·¡s |is f mom mamm·a |ae f moped autobirotul·a |ae f more adj pl»s, pl»ris n; pl»r·¡s |ium mf moment moment·um |¿ n temporis; at pl; (denoting greater extent of space any moment omnibus moment¿s; at or time; also number) amplius; more the very moment ips« tempore; at (things) pl»r·a |ium npl; but more the very same moment p»nct« of this another time sed d¡ h«c ali§s temporis e«dem; for a moment pl»ribus; more money, strength, paulisper; in a moment (i.e., power pl»s pec»niae, virium, presently) statim; just a moment ago potentiae modo more adv magis; more or less magis Monday di·¡s |¡¿ m L»nae minusve; more than magis quam; money argent·um |¿ n, pec»ni·a |ae f, more (less) than … years old m§ior numm·¿ |«rum mpl; (of paper) (minor) … ann«s n§t·us |a |um mon¡t·a |ae f chart§cea moreover praetere§ money belt ventr§l·e |is n; (of cloth) morning m§t»t¿n·um |¿ n, temp·us |oris z«n·a |ae f n m§t»t¿num; early in the morning money order (numm§rium) mand§t·um bene m§ne, mult« m§ne; from |¿ n cursu§le morning till evening § m§ne »sque ad vesperam; good morning! salv¡!; monitor (comput) monit«ri·um |¿ n, in the morning m§ne; sleep all caps·a |ae f comput§tr§lis morning t«tum m§ne dorm¿re; the monkey s¿mi·us |¿ m, s¿mi·a |ae f; (as next morning m§ne postr¿di¡; this term of abuse) you monkey! s¿mia!; morning hodi¡ m§ne monkeys chatter s¿mi¿ str¿dent mortar har¡n§t·um |¿ n monopoly monop«li·um |¿ n; play mortgage s hypoth¡c·a |ae f; pay off a monopoly monop«li« l»dere mortgage hypoth¡cam l¿ber§re; take monosyllable s monosyllab·a |ae f out a mortgage hypoth¡cam oblig§re month m¡ns·is |is m mortgage tr hypoth¡c§ oblig§re monument monument·um |¿ n mosquito cul·ex |icis m moo m»g·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ most adj pler¿que, pleraeque, pleraque; most people pler¿que or pler¿que mood affect·us |»s m anim¿, anim·us |¿ homin¡s m; (gram) mod·us |¿ m; be in a good mood bonum animum hab¡re; get most adv (with verbs) maxim¡; (with over one’s mood animum super§re; adjs and advs, expressed by the imperative mood, e.g., “read!” superlative degree); (in the case of modus imper§t¿vus, ut “lege!”; an adj in |ius maxim¡ + positive) indicative mood, e.g., “I read” mostly (for the most part, principally) modus indic§t¿vus, ut “leg«”; maximam partem; (generally) subjunctive mood, e.g., “although I pl¡rumque 348 Conversational Latin motel d¡vers«ri·um |¿ n vehicul§rium mouse (animal) m»s, m»ris m; (comput) moth blatt·a |ae f m»s, m»ris m, m»scul·us |¿ m; mice squeak m»r¡s mintriunt mother m§·ter |tris f mouse clicker (comput) m»ris mother-in-law socr·us |»s f puls§bul·um |¿ n motherless m§tre orb·us |a |um mouth «s, «ris n; (of a river) «sti·um |¿ motherly m§tern·us |a |um n; I had better keep my mouth shut taceam optimum est; shut your motion m«t·us |»s m; (parl) sententi·a mouth! obser§ «s tuum! |ae f; approve a motion sententiam comprob§re; make a motion mouthful bucc·a |ae f regarding refer« referre rettul¿ move tr mov·e« |¡re m«v¿ m«tus ¶ intr rel§tus d¡ (+ abl); on my motion m¡ mov¡r¿, s¡ mov¡re; (to change referente; oppose a motion residence) migr§re sententiae [dat] obsist·« |ere obstit¿ movie taeniol·a |ae f c¿n¡matographica, motivate concit§re f§bul·a |ae f c¿n¡matographica; go to motivation (for) rati·« |«nis f (+ gen); see (watch) a movie taeniolam incit§ment·um |¿ n; motivation to c¿n¡matographicam v¿s·« |ere |¿; study incit§mentum studiend¿ show a movie taeniolam c¿n¡matographicam exhib·e« |¡re |u¿ motive caus·a |ae f, rati·« |«nis f; what |itus (see Chapter V) was his motive in coming? Cuius re¿ caus§ v¡nerat?; he had a strong movie camera m§chinul·a |ae f motive magna rati« e¿ erat c¿n¡matographica motor m«t«ri·um |¿ n, m«tr·um |¿ n movie projector pr«iect«ri·um |¿ n c¿n¡matographicum motor boat scaph·a |ae f automat§ria movie screen linte·um |¿ n l§t¡ extentum motorcycle autobirot·a |ae f movie theater c¿n¡mat¡·um |¿ n; go the motorcylist autobirot§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae movie theater (or to the movies) in f) c¿n¡mat¡um e« ¿re ¿v¿ motorist autoraed§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), movies im§gin·¡s |um fpl movent¡s autoc¿n¡tist·¡s |ae mf mow the lawn gr§men (or pr§tulum) motor oil ole·um |¿ n m«t«ri¿ resec« |§re |u¿ |tus mountain m«n·s |tis m muffin scribl¿t·a |ae f mountain chain mont·¡s |ium mpl mug s (cup) pocul·um |¿ n perpetu¿ mug tr mulc§re mountain climbing asc¡nsi·« |«nis f montium (see Chapter V) mugger percuss·or |«ris m mountainous montu«s·us |a |um, muggy aestu«s·us |a |um mont§n·us |a |um mulberry m«r·um |¿ n mourn tr & intr l»g·e« |¡re l»x¿ l»ctus mule m»l·us |¿ m, m»l·a |ae f; mules mourning maer·or |«ris m; (outward bray m»l¿ rudunt expression of grief) l»ct·us |»s m mull over aestu§re in (+ abl) General Vocabulary 349 mumps par«t¿t·is |idis f mythological m£thologic·us |a |um municipality m»nicipi·um |¿ n mythology m£thologi·a |ae f murder s nex, necis f (passive in sense while caed¡s is active in sense); (by N hacking or striking) caed·¡s |is f, occ¿si·« |«nis f nag tr obiurgit§re murder tr (by wicked and cruel means) nail clav·us |¿ m; (of a finger, toe) nec§re; (violently and ruthlessly) ungu·is |is m; cut the nails ungu¡s tr»c¿d§re; (by hacking or striking) resec·« |§re |u¿ |tus; drive in a nail caed·« |ere cec¿d¿ caesus; murder a cl§vum f¿g·« |ere f¿x¿ f¿xus; you hit song canticum lacer§re the nail on the head t» rem ac» murderer nec§t·or |«ris m, homic¿d·a tetigist¿ |ae mf; (of a father, mother, or near nail tr (to) cl§v« (or cl§v¿s) c«nf¿g·« relative) parric¿d·a |ae mf |ere c«nf¿x¿ c«nf¿ctus (+ dat of that to murderess nec§tr·¿x |¿cis f which); to nail (boards) together (tabul§s) inter s¡ cl§v¿s c«nf¿gere muscle m»scul·us |¿ m; pull a muscle m»sculum distorqu·e« |¡re distors¿ name s n«m·en |inis n; Varr« by name distortus n«mine Varr« muscle-bound m»scul¿s c«ntrict·us |a name tr n«min§re; (enumerate) |um nuncup§re muscular m»scul«s·us |a |um nap brevis somn·us ¿ m; take a nap brevem somnum capere museum m»s¡·um |¿ n napkin mapp·a |ae f, mappul·a |ae f mushroom fung·us |¿ m; (a choice kind) b«l¡t·us |¿ m narcotic medic§ment·um |¿ n psychotropium music m»sic·a |ae f narrow angust·us |a |um, tenu·is |is |e musical m»sic·us |a |um; musical instrument ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n narrow-minded angust·us |a |um; be m»sicum; musical note not·a |ae f narrow-minded angust¿ anim¿ esse m»sic§lis narrow-mindedness angusti·ae |§rum musician m»sic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) fpl (pectoris) must: I (you) must go mihi (tibi) nasty (foul) foed·us |a |um; (mean) eundum est turpis |is |e mustache subi·um |¿ n nation g¡n·s |tis f mustard sin§p·is |is f natural secundum n§t»ram; (unaffected) mutter muss§re incomposit·us |a |um, simpl·ex |icis mutual m»tu·us |a |um naturally n§t»r§liter; (of course) nempe, utpote; (unaffectedly) simpliciter my me·us |a |um nature n§t»r·a |ae f; (physical world) my oh my! vae miser« (-ae) mihi! n§t»ra r¡rum; (of a person) myth m£th·os |¿ m ingeni·um |¿ n 350 Conversational Latin naughty improb·us |a |um; (saucy) negligent neglig·¡ns |entis petul·§ns |antis neigh intr hinn·i« |¿re |i¿; neigh at naval n§v§l·is |is |e adhinn¿re navel umbilic·us |¿ m neigh s hinn¿t·us |»s m navigable n§vig§bi·lis |is |e neighbor (on the border) f¿nitim·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); (nearby or next door) navy c«pi·ae |§rum fpl n§v§l¡s; have a proxim·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); (one in the powerful navy n§vibus pl»rimum neighborhood) v¿c¿n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) posse neighborhood v¿c¿ni·a |ae f near adj (not distant in place or time) propinqu·us |a |um; (neighboring) neither neu·ter |tra |trum; that’s v¿c¿n·us |a |um (+ dat), prope (+ acc) neither here nor there (a matter of indifference) susque d¡que est near prep prope (+ acc) nephew f¿li·us |¿ m sor«ris; f¿lius fr§tris nearby in proxim« nerd inconcinn·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) nearsighted my·«ps |«pis nerve nerv·us |¿ m; what nerve! O nearsightedness my«pi·a |ae f aud§ciam! neat (clean; elegant) mund·us |a |um; nervous intent·us |a |um, trepid·us |a neat! optim¡! |um necessary necess§ri·us |a |um; if it is nervousness trepid§ti·« |«nis f, anim·us necessary for you to stay on s¿ opus |¿ m trepidus est t¡ commor§r¿; if it is necessary for your health s¿ opus est ad tuam nest n¿d·us |¿ m; build a nest n¿dific§re val¡t»dinem; it is necessary necesse net (also comput) r¡t·e |is n est neuter adj neu·ter |tra |trum, neutr§l·is neck coll·um |¿ n, cerv·¿x |¿cis f (usually |is |e; in the neuter neutr§liter used in the plural) neutral null¿us partis (esse) necklace torqu·¡s |is m, mon¿l·e |is n; never numquam; never yet n«ndum (of precious stones) mon¿le gemm§tum nevertheless tamen, nihil«s¡tius necktie f«c§l·e |is n new nov·us |a |um need d¡s¿der§re; eg·e« |¡re |u¿ (+ abl, news (esp. brought by a messenger) n»nti·us |¿ m; I just got news that more rarely + gen); I (you, we) need modo mihi n»nti§tum est (+ acc w. money opus est mihi (tibi, n«b¿s) inf); if you happen to have any argent« [abl] news about … s¿ quid forte nov¿ needle ac·us |»s f hab¡s d¡ (+ abl); if you have no needless to say quid quaeris?; quid news about … s¿ nihil nov¿ hab¡s d¡ multa? (+ abl); I’ll tell you when I have any news narr§b«, cum aliquid needy in·ops |opis hab¡b« nov¿; is there any news? negligence negligenti·a |ae f, inc»ri·a numquid nov¿? no other news nihil |ae f praetere§ nov¿ General Vocabulary 351 news broadcast n»nti¿ |«rum mpl following night proxim§ (or (radioph«nic¿, t¡lev¿sific¿) ¿nsequente nocte; (on) the night newscast t¡ledi§ri·um |¿ n before last superi«re nocte; spend the night pernoct§re; till late at newspaper §ct·a |«rum npl diurna, night ad multam noctem di§ri·um |¿ n; morning (evening) newspaper di§rium matut¿num nightclub discoth¡c·a |ae f (vespert¿num); newspaper article nightfall: at nightfall sub noctem; till comment§ti·« |«nis f; weekly nightfall »sque ad noctem newspaper §cta hebdomad§lia nightgown cam¿si·a |ae f nocturna newsstand di§ri«rum tabernul·a |ae f nightmare somni·um |¿ n turbulentum; next adj proxim·us |a |um; next to have a nightmare somnium proxim·us |a |um (+ dat), iuxt§ (+ turbul¡ntum pat·ior |¿ passus sum acc) night owl (person) noctis av·is |is f; next adv proxim¡; next comes, then … (bird) noctu·a |ae f then … after that unde … dein … dein … inde … night table m¡nsul·a |ae f cubicul§ris nice (courteous) concinn·us |a; (in nipple papill·a |ae f personality) lepid·us |a; (cute) nitwit barcal·a |ae mf bell·us |a |um; nice weather caelum ser¡num; it was nice of you to invite no adj n»ll·us |a |um; no one n¡m·« me, but no, thank you bene voc§s, |inis m; no parking cav¡ statu§s sed tam gr§tia est; it wasn’t nice of vehiculum!; no passing cav¡ you to say that n«n bell¡ f¡cist¿ qu¿ praeveh§ris!; no stopping n¡ sistit«!; id d¿xeris; say s.th. nice aliquid bell¿ no way! n»ll« mod«! or n¡qu§quam! d¿cere no adv n«n, minim¡; no longer n«n iam, nick: in the nick of time in ips« articul« n«n di»tius temporis noble (sentiments) grand·is |is |e nickname agn«m·en |inis n nominative adj n«min§t¿v·us |a |um niece f¿li·a |ae f sor«ris; f¿li·a |ae f nonsense n»g·ae |§rum fpl; cut out the fr§tris nonsense! omitte (pl: omittite) night nox, noctis f; at night noct», d¡ n»g§s! no nonsense! n¡ n»g§re! nocte; at this time of night h«c that’s a lot of nonsense n»gae sunt noctis; by night noct», d¡ nocte; day istae magnae; you are talking and night (continually) per di¡s et nonsense n»g§s garris; n»g§ris noct¡s, diem noctemque; every night nonsense! n»g§s! (acc is frequent with per singul§s noct¡s; from morning exclamations) till night § m§ne ad noctem »sque; good night (greeting) bene vale§s et noodle coll£r·a |ae f qui¡sc§s; last night proxim§ nocte; noodle soup i»·s |ris n coll£ricum late at night mult§ d¡ nocte; night after night per singul§s noct¡s; night noon mer¿di·¡s |¡¿ m; at noon mer¿di¡; and day (continually) noct¡s et di¡s; before noon ante mer¿di¡m one night qu§dem nocte; on the north adj septentri«n§l·is |is |e 352 Conversational Latin north adv ad septentri«n¡s; north of now nunc; (denoting emphasis and supr§ (+ acc) urgency) iam; (transitional, never in north s septentri«n·¡s |um mpl; on the first place) autem; even now etiam north § septentri«nibus nunc; just now (a moment ago) modo; now and then subinde; now northern septentri«n§l·is |is |e at last nunc tandem; now here’s the northward in septentri«n¡s versus point nunc cogn«sce rem; now … [versus is an adverb] now modo … modo; now that poste§quam (+ indic); now what? north wind Aquil·« |«nis m quid nunc?; right now (immediately) nose n§s·us |¿ m; have a good nose for iam iam; ten years from now ad these things haec f¡st¿v¡ od«r§r¿; decem ann«s under his very nose ante ocul«s nowadays hodi¡, nunc nosey c»ri«s·us |a |um; I don’t want to nowhere nusquam be nosey but … n«n libet c»ri«sus (|a) esse sed … nuclear nucle§r·is |is |e; nuclear power v¿s f nucle§ris nostrils n§r·¡s |ium fpl nudge fodic§re not n«n; haud (more emphatic than n«n, and used chiefly before adjs and number s numer·us |¿ m advs); (softened negative) parum; numeral s n«m·en |inis n numer§le (ut and not nec, neque; not at all n«n “»nus,” “duo,” “ tr¡s” one, two, omn¿n«; not bad n«n male; not even three) n¡ … quidem; not only … but also nurse nosocom·a |ae f; (male) n«n s«lum … sed etiam; not that nosocom·us |¿ m n«n quod (+ subj); not yet n«ndum nursery concl§v·e |is n ¿nfantium note s not·a |ae f; (short letter) codicill·¿ |«rum mpl; musical note nota nursing home nosocomi·um |¿ n m»sica; notes annot§ti«n·¡s |um fpl; nut nux, nucis f; be nuts about take notes ¡not§re, annnot§re someone (am«re) d¡per·e« |¿re |i¿ note tr not§re; note down ¡not§re aliquem; he is a nut n»ga iste est; he’s nuts ali¡n§tus est § s¡; you’re notebook libell·us |¿ m, pugill§r·¡s |ium nuts d¡l¿r§s mpl nutty (coll) baceol·us |a |um note pad pugill§r·¡s |ium mpl nymph nymph·a |ae f mar¿na nothing nihil notice animad·vert« |vertere |vert¿ |versus O notorious n«t·us |a |um, ¿nf§m·is |is |e oak adj r«bore·us |a |um noun s n«m·en |inis n; (of an inanimate oak r«b·ur |uris n, querc·us |»s f object) voc§bul·um |¿ n oats av¡n·a |ae f novel op·us |eris n fabul«sum obedient (to) oboedi¡ns |entis (dat) November m¡ns·is |is m November; in object s (gram) expressed by the verb November m¡nse Novembr¿ adiung¿, for example, “the man” is General Vocabulary 353

the object of the verb “hic hom«” o’clock: at two o’clock h«r§ di¡¿ verb« adiungitur [Note: Roman secund§ (see p. 81) grammarians never used the word October m¡ns·is |is m Oct«ber; in “obiectum” in connection with a October m¡nse Oct«br¿ verb or preposition. Whereas we odd (strange) ¿nsolit·us |a |um, m¿r·us would say, for example, “man is the |a |um; (number) imp§r, imparis; object of the verb” the Romans how odd! r¿diculum! would say “man is joined to the verb.” See also the definition of off (said of an island) ante (+ acc); off “modify” above.] (the coast of) Italy ante Italiam ; be far off procul esse; be a long way object (to) obsist·« |ere obstit¿ (+ dat) off long¡ abesse; be off to hinc ab·e« objection: I have no objection per m¡ |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ ad (+ acc); be well off licet; if you have no objection s¿ per locupl¡s esse; I’m off to the forum t¡ licet ego hinc m¡ ad forum (ag«); where are you off to? qu« t¡ agis? object lesson document·um |¿ n offenses d¡lict·a |«rum npl obliged: I’m much obliged to you for sending me your book f¡cist¿ mihi offhand remark dict·um |¿ n pergr§tum quod librum ad m¡ m¿sist¿ inc»ri«sum obliging commod·us |a |um offhand: ex tempore; say offhand d¡ summ« pectore d¿cere obscurity ign«bilit·§s |§tis f office hon·or |«ris m, magistr§t·us |»s obviously manifest« m; (work place) offic¿n·a |ae f; occasion: for the occasion in tempus; if (teacher’s) studiol·um |¿ n; gain an occasion should arise s¿ fuerit office magistr§tum (or hon«rem) occ§si« adsequ·or |¿ adsec»tus sum occasionally per occ§si«nem, subinde officer praefect·us |¿ m; cavalry officer praefectus equitum; (police) vig·il occupation (means of livelihood) |ilis mf quaest·us |»s m; what is your occupation? quem quaestum facis? offside: be offside se«rsum st« st§re stet¿ occupy (take possession of) occup§re; (take by force) cap·i« |ere c¡p¿ often saepe, n«nnumquam captus; be occupied with something oh boy! eu! in aliqu§ r¡ vers§r¿ oh my! vae mihi! occur (take place) incid·« |ere |¿; (come oho! eho! up) obven·i« |¿re; that had never O.K. fiat or licet; if it’s O.K. with you occurred to me mihi istuc numquam s¿ tibi vid¡tur; we’re O.K. bene in mentem v¡nerat. hab¡mus ocean «cean·us |¿ m; the Atlantic old vet·us |eris (single-ending adj), Ocean «ceanus Atlanticus or mare vetul·us |a |um; be … years old … Atlanticum ann«s n§t·us |a |um esse; older ochre s¿l§ce·us |a |um m§ior n§t»; oldest maxim·us |a n§t» 354 Conversational Latin old age senect·»s |»tis f, senect·a |ae f opera house the§tr·um |¿ n old-age home gerontocomi·um |¿ n melodr§m§ticum operate on sec·« |§re |u¿ |tus old lady an·us |»s f; little old lady anicul·a |ae f operating system (comput) syst¡m·a |atis n internum old man sen·ex |is m operation oper§ti·« |«nis f; (surgical) old woman an·us |»s f secti·« |«nis f (or oper§tio) medica; oldster sen·ex |is m conduct military operations r¡s olive ol¿v·a |ae f ger·« |ere gess¿ operetta melodr§m§ti·um |¿ n olive oil ole·um |¿ n opinion sententi·a |ae f; express an omelet lagan·um |¿ n ex «v¿s opinion sententiam d¿cere; in my once (on a certain occasion) qu«dam opinion me§ sententi§, me« i»dici«; di¡; (one time) semel; once I get what is your opinion about … ? started, I can’t stop quand« incipi«, quid op¿n§ris d¡ (+ abl)? d¡sinere n«n que«; at once opinion poll interrog§ti·« |«nis f (immediately) ¿lic«, statim; (politica) (simultaneously) simul; once and for opponent advers§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); all semel in perpetuum; once or (for office) compet¿·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x twice semel atque iterum; once upon |tr¿cis f) a time «lim opposite prep versus (+ acc) (often one »n·us |a |um; at one time postpositive), adversum (+ acc), (formerly) «lim; one another inter contr§ + acc); opposite of ex advers« s¡: they embraced one another inter or exadvers« (+ gen) s¡ amplex¿ sunt; one and the same »nus et ¿dem; one house »nae aed·¡s optician fa·ber |br¿ m opticus |ium fpl; one … the other alter … or aut, vel; (in double questions) an alter; one would think cr¡der¡s; we orange adj (color) auranti·us |a |um, can discuss that one on one d¡ e« l»te·us |a |um c«ram disput§re possumus orange m§l·um |¿ n aurantium; (color) one-way street vi·a |ae f »n¿us curs»s col·or |«ris m l»teus onion caep·a |ae f orangeade m§l¿ auranti¿ p«ti·« |«nis f only s«lum, tantummodo (usu. after the orange juice auranti¿ succ·us |¿ m word it emphasizes) orbit orbit·a |ae f open adj (not shut) apert·us |a |um; orchard p«m§ri·um |¿ n (candid) candid·us |a |um; in the orchestra symph«ni·a |ae f, open (air) sub d¿v« symph«niac·¿ |«rum mpl open tr aper·i« |¿re aperu¿ apertus ordinal adj «rdin§l·is |is |e (ut “pr¿mus” openly pr«palam first) opera melodr§m·a |atis n; go to see an organ (anat) v¿sc·us |eris n; (musical opera melodr§ma v¿s·« |ere |¿ instrument) organ·um |¿ n m»sicum General Vocabulary 355 ostrich str»thiocam¡l·us |¿ m (see bird) overhead projector pr«iect«ri·um |¿ n other ali·us |a |ud super§capit§le ouch! au!; ei!; oeei! overtime (in a game) additicium temp·us |oris n ought d¡b·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus overture ex«rdi·um |¿ n (melodr§matis) ounce »nci·a |ae f overwhelmed: be overwhelmed with our nost·er |ra |rum work obru·or |¿ obrutus sum, out: out of doors for¿s; out of place: if tamquam fl»ct», s¿c opere it is not out of place nisi ali¡num owl b»b·« |«nis m; owls hoot b»b«n¡s est; out of fear propter metum; out b»bilant (see bird) of wood d¡ lign«; out with it! (tell ox b«s, bovis m; oxen bellow bov¡s me!) cedo! (pl: cette!) [an old boant imperative]; the book is not yet out liber ¡ pr¡l« n«ndum exiit oyster ostre·a |ae f outdo super§re oyster bed ostre§ri·um |¿ n outdoors for¿s oyster shell ostreae test·a |ae f outfielder extern·us cust·«s |«dis mf outfit habit·us |»s m, synthes·is |is f P outlet (electrical) ¡lectrica capsul·a |ae f pack (e.g., a theater) stip§re; pack up the luggage sarcin§s (or sarcinul§s cont§ct»s or v§sa) collig·« |ere coll¡g¿ outline d¡l¿ne§ti·« |«nis f coll¡ctus outline tr d¡l¿ne§re pack s (of cigarettes) capsell·a |ae f; output (comput) exit·us |»s m (throng) turb·a |ae f outside (direction) for§s; (position) for¿s package, packet fascicul·us |¿ m outspoken l¿beri·or (gen: |«ris) page p§gin·a |ae f; at the bottom (top) of the page in ¿m§ (summ§) p§gin§ outstanding praest·§ns |antis pain dol·or |«ris m; be a big pain in the oven furn·us |¿ m neck molestissim·us |a |um esse; feel over (above) (with motion) super (+ pain dol«re affic·ior |¿ affectus sum; acc); (in position) supr§ (+ acc); it’s be in pain dol·e« |¡re |u¿; severe all over! §ctum est!; over sixty years pain ing¡ns or vehem¡ns dolor; stop old m§ior (quam) ann«s sex§gint§ being a pain in the neck molestus n§t·us |a; when the battle was over (|a) n¡ s¿s; take pains to operam c«nfect« proeli« dare ut (+ subj) overalls encomb«m·a |atis n painstaking oper«s·us |a |um overcast n»bil«s·us |a |um, n»bil·us |a paint s pigment·um |¿ n |um; become overcast n»bil§re paint tr & intr ping·« |ere p¿nx¿ p¿ctus overcoat superind»ment·um |¿ n paint brush p¡nicill·us |¿ m over-confident nimis c«nf¿d·¡ns |entis painter p¿ct·or |«ris m, p¿ctr·¿x |¿cis f 356 Conversational Latin painting (the art; picture) p¿ct»r·a |ae f; park tr (the car) autoc¿n¡tum statu«, (painting on a board) tabul·a |ae f statuere, statu¿ (p¿cta) (see Chapter V) parking fee tax·a |ae f stat¿va pair p§r paris n parking lot §re·a |ae f stat¿va pajamas synthes·is |is f dorm¿t«ria parking-lot attendant cust·«s |«dis mf palate pal§t·um |¿ n §reae stat¿vae pale pallid·us |a |um parking meter statimetr·um |¿ n; put a palm (of the hand) palm·a |ae f coin into the parking meter nummum in statimetrum immitt·« pancake artolagan·um |¿ n |ere imm¿s¿ immissus panther panth¡r·a |ae f parking: no parking! cav¡ statu§s pantry cell·a |ae f p¡n§ria vehiculum pants br§c·ae |§rum fpl; hot pants parliament parl§ment·um |¿ n; member perbrev¡s br§cae f¡mineae of parliament parl§ment§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) pantyhose t¿bi§l·ia |ium npl br§c§ria parrot psittac·us |¿ m paper chart·a |ae f parse tr propriet§t¡s (+ gen) d¡scr¿b·« paper adj chartace·us |a |um |ere d¡scr¿ps¿ paperback lib·er |r¿ m chart§ cont¡ctus parsley petrosel¿n·um |¿ n paper clip f¿bicul·a |ae f chart§rum part s par·s |tis f; (in the hair) paperhanger tap¡t§ri·us |¿ m discr¿m·en |inis n paprika capsic·um |¿ n part tr (the hair) discr¿min§re parachute d¡cidicul·um |¿ n part of speech par·s |tis f «r§ti«nis paragraph paragraph·us |¿ m, cap·ut participle participi·um |¿ n; past or |utis n perfect participle praeterit¿ temporis parakeet psittacul·us |¿ m participium; present participle praesentis temporis participium parallel bars hast·ae |§rum fpl parall¡lae particle particul·a |ae f (namely, the four parts of speech that are parcel fasc·is |is m (or fascicul·us |¿ m) indeclinable: adverb, preposition, cursu§lis conjunction, interjection) pardon s veni·a |ae f; grant s.o. a particular particul§r·is |is |e; in pardon veniam alicui dare; obtain particular potissimum pardon veniam impetr§re partly partim; it is partly cloudy pardon tr ign«sc·« |ere ign«v¿ (+ dat); (sunny) today (caelum) hodi¡ est pardon me for what I said ign«sce partim n»bil«sum (apr¿cum) mihi, quod d¿xer« partridge perd·¿x |¿cis mf (see bird) parent par¡ns |entis mf party (side) par·s |tis f, facti·« |«nis f; parentage gen·us |eris n (celebration) conv¿vi·um |¿ n; give a park s hort·¿ |«rum mpl, virid§ri·um |¿ n party conv¿vium dare; throw a General Vocabulary 357

party conv¿vium agit§re; join a passport comme§t»s dipl«m·a |atis n party part¿ s¡ adiun·g« |gere |x¿ password (also comput) tesser·a |ae f pass s (defile) salt·us |»s m; (basketball) past prep praeter (+ acc) corbifoll·is |is m tr§nsmissus; (football) pedifoll·is |is m past s praeterit·a |«rum npl; (gram) tr§nsmissus praeterit·um temp·us |oris n; in the past anteh§c pass tr (go by) praeter·e« |¿re |i¿ |itus; (ride by) praeter·vehor |veh¿ |vectus pasta coll£r·a |ae f sum; (the time, life) ter·« |ere tr¿v¿ pastries cupp¡di·a |«rum npl tr¿tus; (basketball, football, lacrosse) pastry baker cupp¡din§ri·us |¿ m (·a tr§ns·mitt« |mittere |m¿s¿ |missus; |ae f) pass a law (rog§ti«nem or l¡gem) perfer« perferre pertul¿ perl§tus; pass pastry shop cuppedin§ri·a |ae f around circum·fer« |ferre |tul¿ pasture p§scu·um |¿ n |l§tus; pass a test prob§ti«nem pathetic ¡l§ment§bil·is |is |e sustin·e« |¡re |u¿; pass out distribu·« |ere |u¿ |tus; pass sentence d¡cern·« patience patienti·a |ae f |ere d¡cr¡v¿ d¡cr¡tus; pass the patient adj pati·¡ns |entis bread, please! porrige p§nem quaes« patient s ae·ger |gr¿ m, ae·gra |grae f ¶ intr (of time) tr§ns¿re; pass away (die) d¡c¡d·« |ere d¡cess¿; it came to patiently aequ« anim« pass factum est; pass by (go or ride patrician patrici·us |a |um by) praeter¿re, praeterveh¿; pass for patriot am§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis) f (appear to be) prob§re pr« (+ abl); patriae pass out (faint) coll§b·or |¿ coll§psus sum patriotic am·§ns |antis patriae passage (in a text) loc·us |¿ m; (across patriotism am·or |«ris m patriae water) tr§nsit·us |»s m pattern s r¡gul·a |ae f; (of weaving) passbook (bank book) argent§riae text·us |»s m libell·us |¿ m pauper paup·er |eris mf passenger vect·or |«ris m, vectr·¿x |¿cis pave: pave the way to viam facere ad f (+ acc) passenger train tr§m·en |inis n pavement pav¿ment·um |¿ n comm»ne paw p¡s, pedis m passing: no passing! cav¡ praeveh§ris! pay s merc·¡s |¡dis f; (in the military) passion cupidit·§s |§tis f; (lust) lib¿d·« st¿pendi·um |¿ n (see wages) |inis f pay tr solv·« |ere |¿ sol»tus; pay off passionate §rd·¡ns |entis persolvere, exsolvere; pay off a debt passionately efflictim debitum persolvere; pay on time ad tempus or ad diem dictam solvere; passive adj pass¿v·us |a |um pay out (money) to d¡numer§re Passover Pascha n [indecl], Pasch·a (numm«s) (+ dat); pay s.o. $20 for |atis n d¡numer§re alicui v¿gint¿ dollar«s pr« 358 Conversational Latin

(+ abl); pay s.o. a visit aliquem peel m§l¿ cut·is |is f; orange peel inv¿s·« |ere |¿ ¶ intr it pays to listen corium m§l¿ auranti¿ pretium operae est auscult§re peel tr resec§re cutem (+ gen) payment sol»ti·« |«nis f (pec»niae) pelican onocrotal·us |¿ m (see bird) pay phone t¡leph«n·um |¿ n numm§rium pen penn·a |ae f, calam·us |¿ m pea p¿s·um |¿ n; pea soup i»s, i»ris n ex scr¿pt«rius p¿s¿s penalty poen·a |ae f; pay the penalty peace p§x, p§cis f; break the peace poen§s persolv·« |ere |¿, poen§s dare p§cem frang·« |ere fr¡g¿ fr§ctus; penalty kick (from 11 meters) ict·us |»s bring about peace p§cem concili§re; m »ndecim metr«rum; (from 7 have peace negotiations with s.o. meters) ictus septem metr«rum agere cum aliqu« d¡ p§ce; in peace and in war dom¿ et m¿litiae (or in pencil graphi·um |¿ n, stil·us |¿ m m¿liti§); peace was concluded on plumbeus condition that … p§x conv¡nit in pencil sharpener ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n eam condici«nem ut … ; make cuspid§rium peace with p§cem facere cum (+ abl) pendulum perpendicul·um |¿ n peach persic·um |¿ n peninsula paen¿nsul·a |ae f peacock p§v·« |«nis m, p§v·a |ae f (see pentathlon pent§thl·um |¿ n; win the bird) pentathlon pent§thl« vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ peanut arachis, arachidis f hypog¡a penult s paenultima syllab·a |ae f peanut butter b»t£r·um |¿ n ex arachidibus; put peanut butter on people homin·¡s |um mpl; people who bread b»t£rum ex arachidibus p§n¿ speak Latin qu¿ Lat¿n¡ loquuntur adhib¡re pep acl§crit·§s |§tis f pear pir·um |¿ n pepper pip·er |eris n pearl margar¿t·a |ae f pepper shaker piper¿n·um |¿ n pearl earrings margar¿tae |§rum fpl pep rally convent·us |»s m hort§t«rius d¡pendent¡s pep talk alloqui·um |¿ n hort§t«rium; pearl necklace mon¿l·e |is n bacc§tum give a pep talk to alloquium hort§t«rium hab¡re apud (+ acc) peck (little kiss) basiol·um |¿ n percent cent¡sim·a |ae f pedal ped§l·e |is n pedestrian ped·es |itis mf perch (fish) perc·a |ae f; (for birds) pertic·a |ae f pedestrian crossing tr§nsit·us |»s m peditum perch intr (on) ¿ns¿d« |ere ¿ns¡d¿ (+ dat) pee ming·« |ere m¿nx¿ m¿ctum; (coll) perfect perfect·us |a |um facere perfectly (totally) pl§n¡ peel s cut·is |is f; (rind, thick skin) perfect tense s temp·us |oris n cori·um |¿ n, cort·ex |icis m; apple praeteritum perfectum General Vocabulary 359 perform (duty) praest·« |§re praestit¿, phew! what’s that stench? f¿! fung·or |¿ functus sum (+ abl) quidnam est iste f¡tor? perfume unguent·um |¿ n phlegm p¿tu¿t·a |ae f perfume shop tabern·a |ae f unguent§ria phobia phobi·a |ae f perhaps fortasse phone (see telephone) period (punctuation mark) p»nct·um |¿ phony affect§t·us |a |um n; (span of time, class period) photo (see photograph) spati·um |¿ n; in the third period terti« spati«; I’ll not give in. period! photocopier m§chin·a |ae f ph«totypica n«n conc¡dam. d¿x¿!; period of life photocopy s exempl·ar |§ris n aet·§s |§tis f v¿tae ph«totypicum periodical periodic·um |¿ n photocopy tr ph«totypic¡ d¡scr¿bere peristyle peristyli·um |¿ n photograph s im§g·« |inis f perjure oneself peri»r§re ph«tographica; take photographs im§gin¡s l»ce exprimere perjury peri»ri·um |¿ n; commit perjury peri»r§re photograph tr ph«tographic¡ redd·« |ere reddid¿ redditus persistence assiduit·§s |§tis f photographer ph«tograph·us |¿ m (·a persistent assidu·us |a |um |ae f) person hom·« |inis mf photographic film taeniol·a |ae f personal adj pers«n§l·is |is |e; personal ph«tographica computer comput§tr·um |¿ n photography ph«tographi·a |ae f domesticum; personal finances r¡s, photo shop offic¿n·a |ae f ph«tographica re¿ f famili§ris; personal injury ini»ri·a |§e f phrase s loc»ti·« |«nis f personality indol·¡s |is f physical condition corporis habit·us |»s m personally adv expressed by ipse, per m¡, per t¡, etc. physical therapist i§tralipt·¡s |ae m pessimistic ¿nf¡l·¿x |¿cis physical therapy i§traliptic·¡ |¡s f pester molesti§s af·fer« |ferre attul¿ (+ pianist cl§vic·en |inis mf dat) piano cl§vicordi·um |¿ n; play the pet d¡lici·ae |§rum fpl; have as a pet in piano cl§vicordi« canere d¡lici¿s hab¡re pick (pluck) carp·« |ere |s¿ |tus; (gather) pet tr (stroke) permulc·e« |¡re permuls¿; leg·« |ere l¡g¿ l¡ctus; pick (out) (fondle) subigit§re ¶ intr inter s¡ (select) ¡lig·« |ere ¡l¡g¿ ¡l¡ctus; pick subigit§re pockets manticul§r¿ ¶ intr pick on (someone) carpere; pick up a pharmacist (see druggist) language linguam perbib« perbibere pheasant ph§si§n·a |ae f (see bird) perbib¿ phew interj (gratified surprise or relief) pickle salgam·um |¿ n; be in a pickle in ehem!; (at a bad smell) fu!; f¿!; angusti¿s vers·or |§r¿ |§tus sum 360 Conversational Latin pickpocket saccul§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), Ping-Pong m¡ns§lis pilae l»s·us |»s m; lev§t·or |«ris m play Ping-Pong m¡ns§l¿ pil§ l»dere picnic c¡nul·a |ae f subdi§lis; go on a pink rose·us |a |um picnic excursi«nem ad c¡nulam pipe fistul·a |ae f aqu§ria; (of an organ) subdi§lem s»mendam facere organ¿ fistula picnic basket p§n§ri·um |¿ n pipe organ organ·um |¿ n fistul¿s picture p¿ct»r·a |ae f, imag·« |inis f ¿nstructum pitcher urce·us |¿ m; (in baseball) picture tube tub·us |¿ m t¡lev¿sificus coniec·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) pie cr»st·um |¿ n; cherry pie cerasa npl pitcher’s mound coniect«ris in cr»st« cocta (coniectr¿cis) gr»m·us |¿ m piece fr»st·um |¿ n; (often not expressed pitiful fl¡bil·is -is |e; (contemptible) by any separate word, the substantive abiect·us |a |um denoting the piece, e.g., p§nis a piece of bread; c§seus a piece of cheese; pity s misericordi·a |ae f; feel pity for charta, chartula a piece of paper); commiser¡sc·« |ere (+ gen) break in pieces c«nfring·« |ere pity tr miser·eor |¡r¿ |itus sum (+ gen); I c«nfr¡g¿ c«nfr§ctus pity you misereor tu¿ (pl: vestr¿) pig porc·us |¿ m; pigs oink porc¿ pizza pitt·a |ae f grunniunt place loc·us |¿ m (pl loc·a |«rum npl); at pigeon columb·a |ae f, columb·us |¿ m; your place (at your home) apud t¡; pigeons coo columbae gemunt (see from that place illinc; in place of a bird) parent in locum parentis; in the first place pr¿mum; in the same place pigeon coop columb§ri·um |¿ n ibidem; out of place ali¡n·us |a |um; pigsty su¿l·e |is n take place (occur) fi« fier¿ factus sum; take s.o.’s place locum alic»ius pill pilul·a |ae f »surp§re; to that place e«; this is not pillow cerv¿c·al |§lis n the place to … n«n est hic locus ut (+ subj); to the same place e«dem pillow case cerv¿c§lis tegim·en |inis n place tr p«nere, loc§re pilot s gubern§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) plain camp·us |¿ m; open plains camp¿ patent¡s pilot tr gubern§re plaintiff pet¿t·or |«ris m, pet¿tr·¿x |¿cis f pin ac·us |»s f plan tr in anim« hab¡re, inten·d« |dere pinch s a pinch of salt m¡ns»r·a |ae f |d¿ |tus salis du«rum (or trium) digit«rum; in plan s c«nsili·um |¿ n; form a plan a pinch (fig) in angusti¿s; (in a c«nsilium in·e« |¿re |i¿ |tus; make doubtful situation) in r¡ dubi§ plans for the trip c«nsilium capere pinch tr vellic§re ¶ intr if the shoe d¡ itinere pinches s¿ calceus »rit plane §ëroplan·um |¿ n; (carpenter’s pineapple m§l·um |¿ n p¿neum tool) runc¿n·a |ae f General Vocabulary 361 plane tr (e.g., a board) runc¿n§re playing field camp·us |¿ m l»s«rius plant s plant·a |ae f playwright f§bul§rum scr¿p·tor |t«ris m plant tr ser·« |ere s¡v¿ s§tus; plant a (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) field agrum c«nserere plead a case before the court causam plaster s t¡ct«ri·um |¿ n pr« trib»n§l¿ agere plaster tr (a wall) t¡ct«rium (pariet¿) pleasant amoen·us |a |um, i»cund·us |a ind»cere |um plasterer t¡ct·or |«ris m pleasantness i»cundit·§s |§tis f plate patin·a |ae f, cat¿n·us |¿ m; please (in making an appeal) quaes«, s¿s (smaller size) patell·a |ae f, catill·us (= s¿ v¿s); (informally) am§b« t¡; |¿ m whenever I please quoti¡scumque (mihi) libet platform suggest·us |»s m; (in a train station) crep¿d·« |inis f (ferrivi§ria) pleased to meet you! mihi pergr§tum est t¡ conven¿re! play s (fun) l»d·us |¿ m; (in a theater) f§bul·a |ae f pleasing gr§t·us |a |um play tr (radio, television, records, tapes, pleasure volupt·§s |§tis f; at their own etc.) »surp§re pleasure su« arbitri«; derive great play tr & intr l»dere; (an instrument) pleasure from magnam volupt§tem can·« |ere cecin¿ cantus (+ abl of the capere ex (+ abl); with pleasure instrument); (records, tapes) impell·« libenter |ere impul¿ impulsus; play a game pleated undul§t·us |a |um l»sum l»dere; play a good game bene l»dere; play a trick on plebeian pl¡b¡i·us |a |um l»dific·or |§r¿ |§tus sum (+ acc); play plebs pl¡bs, pl¡bis f ball pil§ l»dere; play checkers latruncul¿s l»dere; play hide and pliers for·ceps |cipis m seek per l»sum latit§re; play sports plight: oh, what a sorry plight! O rem disportibus l»dere; play the drum miseram! tympanum puls§re; play the flute plow s ar§tr·um |¿ n t¿bi§ canere; play the guitar cither§ Hisp§nic§ canere; play the organ plow tr ar§re organ« canere; play the lead role plug (electrical) spin·a |ae f cont§ct»s pr¿m§s part¡s agere; play the piano ¡lectric¿ cl§vicordi« canere; play the role of a general imper§t«rem agere; play the plug in adnect·« |ere adnexu¿ adnexus trumpet t»b§ canere; stop playing plum pr»n·um |¿ n games d¡siste l»d«s facere ¶ intr l»dere; play up to s.o. aliquem col·« plumber fab·er |r¿ m plumb§rius |ere colu¿; play around with plummet perpendicul·um |¿ n (sexually) l»dere cum (+ abl) pluperfect tense s temp·us |oris n player l»s·or |«ris m, l»s·r¿x |¿cis f pl»squamperfectum playground §re·a |ae f l»s«ria plural adj pl»r§l·is |is |e; in the plural playing card chartul·a |ae f l»s«ria pl»r§liter 362 Conversational Latin plural s multit»d·« |inis f; signifying a are you driving at?) qu« ¡v§dis?; you plural multit»dinem signific§ns miss the point nihil ad rem pertinet plus sign crucicul·a |ae f point-blank: turn down point-blank plus: consider it a plus id d¡put§ esse omn¿n« repudi§re in lucr«; 2 plus 2 are 4 duo et duo point out indic§re, m«nstrare sunt (or fiunt) quattuor pointer (comput) (m»ris) ind·ex |icis m pocket locul·us |¿ m pointless supervacu·us |a |um, in§n·is pocketbook (purse) crum¡n·a |ae f; |is |e (small book) lib·er |r¿ m pugill§ris poke (jab) pung·« |ere pupug¿, fodic§re; pocketknife cultell·us |¿ m plic§bilis poke fun at s.o. aliquem ¡l»dere podium podi·um |¿ n, pulpit·um |¿ n pole vaulting salt·us |»s m pertic§rius poem po¡m·a |atis n; write a poem (see Chapter V) po¡ma facere, con·d« |dere |did¿ police officer vig·il |ilis mf |ditus policy rati·« |«nis f poet po¡t·a |ae m polish s (for shoes) c¡r«m·a |atis n poetess po¡tri·a |ae f polish shoes calce«s pol·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus poetry po¡s·is |is f polite (to) c«m·is |is |e (+ dat or erg§ or poinsettia euphorbi·a |ae f in + acc) point (sharp end) ac»m·en |inis n; (of a politeness c«mit·§s |§tis f spear) cusp·is |idis f; (gram, sports) political c¿v¿l·is |is |e; for political p»nct·um |¿ n; at this point h¿c; h«c reasons re¿ p»blicae caus§; political loc«; be on the point of … in e« affairs (or matters) r¡s, r¡rum fpl esse ut (+ subj); beside the point c¿v¿l¡s; political career curs·us |»s nihil ad rem; but to return to the m hon«rum; political science point … sed ad pr«positum … ; get scienti·a |ae f c¿v¿lis the point? ten¡sne (pl: ten¡tisne) rem?; get to the point! ven¿ ad rem!; politician vir |¿ m c¿v¿lis, f¡mina |ae f good point virt·»s |»tis f; it got to c¿v¿lis the point where e« d¡cursum est ut politics r¡s p»blica (gen: re¿ p»blicae) f, (+ subj); main point summ·a |ae f; res c¿v¿lis (also plural); enter now here’s the point nunc cogn«sce politics rem p»blicam ine« in¿re in¿v¿ rem; on that point h§c d¡ r¡; score a or ini¿; take part in politics in r¡ point p»nctum fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; p»blic§ vers·or |§r¿ |§tus sum that’s the main point id caput est; polka salt§ti·« |«nis f Bohemica; dance the point is that I no longer care the polka Bohemic¡ salt§re about such things quod caput est, iam ista n«n c»r«; up to this point polling booth saept·um |¿ n h§ctenus; what was the point of polls saept·a |«rum npl your writing to me? quid r¡tulit t¡ mittere ad m¡ litter§s?; what’s the polo als»legi·a |ae f equestris point of that? quam ad rem istud polo shirt sub»cul·a |ae f cum curt¿s r¡fert?; what’s your point? (what manic¿s General Vocabulary 363 pomegranate m§l·um |¿ n gr§n§tum possible possibil·is |is |e; if (it is) pompous gl«ri«s·us |a |um possible s¿ fier¿ potest; is it really possible that … ? numquid … ?; is pond st§gn·um |¿ n it really possible that you are pony mann·us |¿ m telling the truth? numquid v¡ra d¿cis? pool st§gn·um |¿ n; (for swimming) pisc¿n·a |ae f; (billiards) l»d·us |¿ m post tr (e.g., on the bulletin board) tudicul§ris; shoot pool globul«s pr«·p«n« |p«nere |posu¿ |positus eburne«s cl§v§ tudicul§r¿ super postage vect»r·a |ae f (litter§rum); pay m¡nsam impell·« |ere impul¿ the postage pr« vect»r§ epistulae poor (pitiful) mis·er |era |erum; solv·« |ere |¿ (impoverished) paup·er |eris [single- postage stamp pitt§ci·um |¿ n cursu§le ending adj]; poor guy mis·er |er¿ m postal delivery perl§ti·« |«nis f cursu§lis pop tat·a |ae m postcard chartul·a |ae f cursu§lis; (with popcorn ma¿zi·um |¿ n ¿nfl§tum a picture) ph«tochartul·a |ae f cursu§lis pop music m»sic·a |ae f popul§ris poster foli·um |¿ n m»r§le poppy pap§v·er |eris n postman tabell§ri·us |¿ m popular gr§ti«s·us |a |um; be popular with s.o. gr§ti«sus (-a) esse apud post office diribit«ri·um |¿ n cursu§le aliquem post office window ostiol·um |¿ n popularity gr§ti·a |ae f; enjoy cursu§le popularity among gr§tiam hab·e« pot (of clay) oll·a |ae f; (of metal) |¡re |u¿ |itus apud (+ acc) a(h)¡n·um |¿ n; (marijuana) population multit»d·« |inis f; the total cannab·is |is f; go to pot pessum e« number of the population numer·us ¿re i¿; pots and pans v§s·a |«rum npl |¿ m omnis multit»dinis coqu¿n§ria; smoke pot f»mum cannabis s»g·« |ere s»x¿ porch pergul·a |ae f pot belly vent·er |ris m ob¡sus; have a porcupine hystr·ix |icis f potbelly ventre ob¡s« (or pr«iect«) pork porc¿n·a |ae f esse pork chop off·a |ae f porc¿na potato p«m·um |¿ n terrestre; baked potato p«mum terrestre in furn« port (also comput) port·us |»s m coctum; fried potatoes p«ma porter b§iul·us |¿ m terrestria fr¿cta; mashed potatoes pulticul·a |ae f ex p«m¿s terrestribus portico portic·us |»s f potato chips l§min·ae |§rum fpl position loc·us |¿ m; what position do p«m«rum terrestrium you play? qu« loc« l»dis? pottery fictil·ia |ium npl positive s (gram) grad·us |»s m posit¿vus potty matell·a |ae f possessive adj (gram) possess¿v·us |a poultry av·¡s |ium fpl cohort§l¡s |um pound l¿br·a |ae f; per pound in l¿br§s 364 Conversational Latin power drill terebr·a |ae f m§chin§lis (opus) pr¡l« subic·i« |ere subi¡c¿ power saw serr·a |ae f m§chin§lis subi¡ctus practically fer¡ press tr prem·« |ere press¿ pressus; (clothes) l¡vig§re; (a typewriter key) practice s exercit§ti·« |«nis f d¡primere ¶ intr press on inst§re; practice tr (patience, medicine) exerc·e« press on and finish the job! inst§, |¡re |u¿ ¶ intr s¡ exerc¡re perfice! praetor praet·or |«ris m press conference congress·us |»s m praetorship praet»r·a |ae f diurn§ri¿s docend¿s precise ex§ct·us |a |um prestige auct«rit·§s |§tis f prefer m§l« malle m§lu¿; prae·fer« presumptuous c«nf¿d·¡ns |entis |ferre |tul¿ |l§tus pretend: I’ll pretend I don’t know him prefix s praepositi·« |«nis f per dissimul§b« m¡ eum n«visse; I’ll compositi«nem pretend I’m leaving assimul§b« prepare (make ready) par§re; (make quasi abeam. ready beforehand) praepar§re pretext praetext·um |¿ n; a pretext for preposition s praepositi·« |«nis f (per war praetextum bell¿; he left under appositi«nem); prepositions take the pretext that … hinc abiit quasi (lit: serve) either the accusative or (+ subj) the ablative case praepositi«n¡s aut pretty bell·us |a |um, bellul·us |a |um acc»s§t¿v« aut abl§t¿v« c§su¿ serviunt pretty well (just about) propemodum prescription praecept·um |¿ n medicum pretzel pretiol·a |ae f, lixul·a |ae f; soft present adj praes·¡ns |entis; at present, pretzel pretiola mollis in praesenti§; at the present time praesenti§ tempore, in praesent¿; be previously ante§, anteh§c, prius present (at) adsum adesse adfu¿ prey praed·a |ae f adfut»rus (+ dat); for the present price preti·um |¿ n; at a high (low, very time in praes¡ns tempus; present low, exorbitant) price magn« tense praes¡ns temp·us |oris n (parv«, minim«, nimi«); higher price pretium amplius; set a price pretium preside (over) praesid·e« |¡re praes¡d¿ facere; the price for it is 10 denarii (+ dat); preside at a trial i»dici« per pound pretium e¿ in libr§s est praeesse, i»s d¿cere decem d¡n§ri¿s president praes·es |idis mf pride gl«ri·a |ae f; source of pride presiding judge quaes¿t·or |«ris m, gl«ri·a |ae f; take pride in gl«ri·or quaes¿tr·¿x |¿cis f |§r¿ d¡ or in (+ abl) press s (for printing) pr¡l·um |¿ n; priest sacerd·«s |«tis mf (journalists) diurn§ri·¿ |«rum mpl; priesthood sacerd«ti·um |¿ n (printed matter) scr¿pta npl typ¿s ¡dita; come off the press pr¡l« ex·e« prime minister minis·ter |tr¿ m |¿re |i¿; send (a work) to the press pr¿m§rius General Vocabulary 365 principal (fin) cap·ut |itis n, sors, sortis praemium aufer«, auferre abstul¿ f; deduct the interest from the abl§tus principal d¡ capite »s»r§s d¡d»cere problem quaesti·« |«nis f; (math) principal (l»d¿ or scholae) r¡c·tor |t«ris probl¡m·a |atis n; have stomach m, r¡c·tr¿x |tr¿cis f; assistant (or (heart, back) problems stomach« vice) principal r¡ctor vic§rius, (corde, terg«) dol·e« |¡re |u¿; the r¡ctr¿x vic§ria; principal’s office problem is … quaeritur … ; what’s r¡ct«ris (or r¡ctr¿cis) offic¿n·a |ae f the problem? quid est neg«t¿? principal parts part·¡s |ium fpl processor (comput) ¡dit«ri·um |¿ n pr¿ncip§l¡s producer chor§g·us |¿ m print s (printed dress) vest·is |is f productivity (of fields, mines, etc.) im§ginibus impressa fertilit·§s |§tis f print tr (with type) typ¿s imprim« profession (learned occupation) imprimere impress¿ impressus professi·« |«nis f printer (person) typograph·us |¿ m; professor profess·or |«ris m, profestr·¿x (mechanical device) m§chin·a |ae f |¿cis f typographica, impress«ri·um |¿ n profit l»cr·um |¿ n; make profit l»crum printer’s typograph¡·um |¿ n facere printing (abstract) typographi·a |ae f program s (also comput) programm·a printing office offic¿n·a |ae f |atis n typographica program tr (comput) programm§re printing press pr¡l·um |¿ n programmer (comput) programm§·tor typographicum, typograph¡·um |¿ n |t«ris m, (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) print shop offic¿n·a |ae f typographica progress pr«fect·us |»s m; make prison carc·er |eris m; throw s.o. into progress pr«fic·i« |ere pr«f¡c¿ prison aliquem in carcerem conic·i« pr«fectum |ere coni¡c¿ coniectus projector pr«iect«ri·um |¿ n; overhead prisoner of war capt¿v·us |¿ m (·a |ae projector pr«iect«rium supr§capit§le f); ransom prisoners capt¿v«s promise s pr«miss·um |¿ n; break redim·« |ere red¡m¿ red¡mptus promises pr«missa frang·« |ere fr¡g¿ private adj pr¿v§t·us |a |um; in private fr§ctus; I am not making any definite promise nihil cert¿ polliceor; in pr¿v§t« keep promises pr«missa serv§re; private s (mil) m¿l·es |itis mf; greg§rius make many promises multa (·a) pr«mittere privately clam, s¡cr¡t«; I want to speak promise tr pr«mitt·« |ere pr«m¿s¿ with you privately velim t¡cum pr«missus loqu¿ secr¡t« promote pr«mov·e« |¡re pr«m«v¿ prize praemi·um |¿ n; first prize pr«m«tus; (the arts, etc.) fov·e« |¡re pr¿m§ri·um |¿ n; second prize f«v¿ f«tus; (in school) ad superi«rem secund§ri·um |¿ n; win a prize classem pr«mov¡re; promote to 366 Conversational Latin

higher rank ad (or in) ampli«rem psychic ps£chic·us |a |um gradum pr«mov¡re psychoanalysis ps£choanalys·is |is f promotion pr«m«ti·« |«nis f psychoanalyst ps£choanalyst·a |ae m prompt (comput) monit·us |»s m (·ria |riae f) pronoun pr«n«m·en |inis n psychologist ps£cholog·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) pronounce tr pr«n»nti§re; pronounce a psychopath s psychopathic·us |¿ m (·a vowel short or long voc§lem |ae f) corrept¡ aut pr«duct¡ pr«n»nti§re public p»blic·us |a |um; in public in proof document·um |¿ n; (esp. of guilt) p»blic«; (opp. dom¿) for¿s; appear in ind¿ci·um |¿ n public pr«d·e« |¿re |i¿ in p»blicum proofread legere et ¡mend§re publish ¡d·« |ere ¡did¿ ¡ditus, public§re proper dec·¡ns |entis, dec«r·us |a |um publisher ¡dit·or |«ris m; (publishing proper noun s proprium n«m·en |inis n house) dom·us |»s f ¡dit«ria (ut “Hector” Hector) (opp: pudding erne·um |¿ n appell§t¿vum n«men (ut “hom«” pull s have pull with gr§tiam hab¡re man) apud (+ acc) property bon·a |«rum npl pull tr trah·« |ere trax¿ tractus; pull a propose (a law) (l¡gem) fer« ferre tul¿ fast one on s.o. «s alicui sub·lin« l§tus |linere |l¡v¿; pull oneself together s¡ collig·« |ere coll¡g¿; pull the wool prose pr«s·a |ae f over s.o.’s eyes subdol·us (-a) esse prosecute i»dici« persequ·or |¿ adversus aliquem persec»tus sum pullman car curr·us |»s m dorm¿t«rius prosecutor acc»s§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x pulse v¡n§rum puls·us |»s m; (fast |tr¿cis f) vegetior; weak languidior); feel s.o.’s prostitute meretr·¿x |¿cis f, pr«stit»t·a pulse v¡n§s or pulsum v¡n§rum |ae f; be a prostitute pr«st·« |§re alic»ius tent§re pr«stit¿ pumpkin cucurbit·a |ae f, pep·« |«nis m proud gl«ri«s·us -a |um; (haughty) punch s pugn·us |¿ m; give s.o. a punch superb·us |a |um; be proud of (or land a punch on s.o.) pugnum gl«ri·or |§r¿ (+ acc or d¡ or in + abl) alicui d»cere prove (by evidence, argument) prob§re; punch tr pugn« or pugn¿s caed·« |ere this proves that … document« est cec¿d¿ (+ acc & inf) punching bag coryc·us |¿ m, foll·is |is province pr«vinci·a |ae f m pugil§t«rius prune pr»n·um |¿ n cond¿tum punctual d¿lig·¡ns |entis, prompt·us |a psychiatric ps£ch¿§tric·us |a |um |um psychiatrist ps£ch¿§t·er |r¿ m (·ria punctually tempor¿, ad tempus |riae f) punctuate inter·pung« |pungere |p»nx¿ psychiatry ps£ch¿§tr¿·a |ae f |p»nctus General Vocabulary 367 punctuation s interp»ncti·« |«nis f Q punctuation mark s interp»nct·um |¿ n, quaestor quaest·or |«ris m p»nct·um |¿ n quaestorship quaest»r·a |ae f punish p»n·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tus; poen§ quail coturn·¿x |¿cis f (see bird) affic·i« |ere aff¡c¿ affectus quarrel intr (with s.o. about) alterc§r¿ punishment for crimes poen·a |ae f or r¿x§r¿ (cum + abl, d¡ + abl) facinorum quarrel r¿x·a |ae f puny pusill·us |a |um question rog§t·um |¿ n, interrog§t·um |¿ pup catul·us |¿ m; pups whimper catul¿ n; ask a question interrog§re; ask a ganniunt loaded question capti«s¡ interrog§re; pupil discipul·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); (of the ask many questions multa eye) p»pill·a |ae f interrog§re; answer the question ad puppet neuropast·um |¿ n rog§tum (or interrog§tum) respond·e« |¡re |¿; call into question puppy catul·us |¿ m; catell·us |¿ m, in dubium voc§re; I ask you this catell·a |ae f question t¡ hoc rog«; many purchase s ¡mpt·um |¿ n questions are raised multa purchase tr em·« |ere ¡m¿ ¡mptus; quaeruntur; no question, he’s at merc·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; compar§re fault nempe in culp§ est; that’s a loaded question capti«sum purchasing ¡mpti·« |«nis f interrog§tum est; why do you ask purr intr (of a cat) murmur§re such questions? c»r ista quaeris?; purr s (of a cat) murm·ur |uris n without question sine dubi« purse crum¡n·a |ae f, mars»pi·um |¿ n question mark sign·um |¿ n interrog§t¿ (mentally) put p«n·« |ere posu¿ positus; put an end quick cel·er |eris |ere; ast»t·us |a |um to f¿nem imp«nere (+ dat); put away s¡p«nere; put down d¡p«nere; put quickly cito off: let’s put this off to another quiet qui¡t·us |a |um; (silent) tacit·us |a time hanc rem in aliud tempus |um; (taciturn) taciturn·us |a |um; differ§mus; put on (clothes) indu·« quiet! fac (pl: facite) silentium!, |ere |¿ |»tus (opp: exuere); put s.o. in tac¡! (pl: tac¡te)!; why don’t you prison aliquem in cust«diam tr§·d« keep quiet? qu¿n t» tac¡s? |dere |did¿ |ditus; put up for sale v¡num dare; put up with with s.o. quite admodum; not quite parum aliquem perpet·ior |¿ perpessus sum; quiz prob§tiuncul·a |ae f (see exam) put words into s.o.’s mouth verba in quote p«n·« |ere posu¿ positus, affero ore alic»ius p«nere; put yourself in afferre attul¿ all§tus my place fac qu¿ ego sum, esse t¡; you’re putting it on a little thick es p»tidiuculus (-a) R puzzle aenigm·a |atis n rabbi rabb¿n·us |¿ m pyjamas synthes·is |is f dorm¿t«ria rabbit cun¿cul·us |¿ m 368 Conversational Latin race (lineage) gen·us |eris n; (foot race) rain basin (in the atrium) impluvi·um cert§m·en |inis n curs»s; (horse race) |¿ n cursus |»s m equ«rum, equ¿ri·a |«rum rainbow pluvius arc·us |»s m npl; (of chariots) curricul·um |¿ n; (of cars) cert§m·en |inis n autoc¿n¡t«rum rain cloud nimb·us |¿ m race car, racing car autoc¿n¡t·um |¿ n raincoat scorte·a |ae f; (hooded) curr¿le paenul·a |ae f race track curricul·um |¿ n, stadi·um |¿ rainy pluvi·us |a |um n; (for horses) hippodrom·us |¿ m raise (children, crops, animals) ¡duc§re; racket (noise) strepit·us |»s m; (lift up) toll·« |ere sustul¿ subl§tus; (shouting) cl§m·or |«ris m; (tennis) (prices) aug·e« |¡re aux¿ auctus r¡ticul·um |¿ n; raise a racket raisin (»va) pass·a |ae f cl§m«rem toll·« |ere sustul¿ subl§tus rake s rastell·us |¿ m radiator cal«ris radi§tr·um |¿ n rake tr rastell« ¡r§·d« |dere |s¿ |sum radio radioph«n·um |¿ n; turn on (turn RAM (comput) memori·a |ae f vol§tilis off) the radio radioph«num excit§re or accend·« |ere |¿ (exped·i« |¿re |¿v¿ ram ari·¡s |etis m; rams bleat ariet¡s |¿tus); turn down (turn up) the b§lant radio vim radioph«n¿ remitt·« |ere rank grad·us |»s m rem¿s¿ (amplific§re) rape stupr·um |¿ n per vim radio broadcast ¡missi·« |«nis f radioph«nica rape tr per vim stupr§re, stupr« viol§re radio station stati·« |«nis f radioph«nica rapids vad·um |¿ n candic§ns radish r§d¿cul·a |ae f, raphan·us |¿ m rapist stupr§t·or |«ris m raft rat·is |is f rare s¡micoct·us |a |um (opp: percoctus) rage fur·or |«ris m; fly into a rage ¿r§ efferor efferr¿ ¡l§tus sum rarely r§r« raid excursi·« |«nis f raspberry m«r·um |¿ n ‡daeum railroad ferrivi·a |ae f rat m»·s |ris m, ratt·us |¿ m; (pej) hom·« |inis m nequam [indecl]; I smell a railroad car curr·us |»s m ferrivi§rius rat aliquid mihi subolet; like railroad station stati·« |«nis f ferrivi§ria drowned rats tamquam m»r¡s »d¿; rats squeak ratt¿ mintriunt rain impers v pluit pluere pluit; rain buckets urce§tim pluere; rain cats rat on s.o. aliquem d¡fer« d¡ferre d¡tul¿ and dogs catt¿s canibusque pluere; rate: at any rate utique rain hard vehementer (or multum) pluere rather potius; (somewhat) aliquant«, paul«; do you know this fellow? rain s pluvi·a |ae f; (heavy and stormy) huncne n«vist¿? rather! facile! im·ber |bris m; heavy, steady rain magn¿ et adsidu¿ imbr¡s; the rain is ratify a bill l¡gem iub·e« |¡re iuss¿ letting up or is tapering off imber iussus d¡t»m¡scit rattle off cito volv·« |ere |¿ General Vocabulary 369 raven corv·us |¿ m; ravens croak corv¿ receiver (of a telphone) auscult§bul·um cr«citant (see bird) |¿ n raze to the ground sol« aequ§re recent rec·¡ns |entis razor nov§cul·a |ae f; electric razor recently n»per, recenter r§s«ri·um |¿ n ¡lectricum reception sal»t§ti·« |«nis f p»blica; hold reach s out of reach extr§ ictum; within a reception sal»t§ti«nem p»blicam my reach sub me« ict» facere reach tr (arrive at) perven·i« |¿re ad or recess paus·a |ae f; during (after, in (+ acc); reach out the hand before) recess inter (post, ante) manum porrig·« |¡re porr¡x¿ pausam read leg« legere l¡g¿ l¡ctus recitation recit§ti·« |«nis f readily (willingly) libenter recite recit§re reading l¡cti·« |«nis f record orb·is |is m ph«nographicus; ph«nodisc·us |¿ m; play (listen to) reading lamp lamp·as |adis f l¡ct«ria records orb¡s ph«nographic«s reading room oec·us |¿ m l¡ct«rius exh¿b·e« |¡re |u¿ (aud·i« |¿re |¿v¿) ready par§t·us |a |um, prompt·us |a |um record player m§chinul·a |ae f ph«nographica; discoph«n·um |¿ n real estate r¡s fpl sol¿; piece of real estate praedi·um |¿ n recording secretary (in the Roman senate) libr§ri·us |¿ m real estate broker praedi§·tor |t«ris m, (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) recover tr recuper§re ¶ intr (recuperate) reval¡sc·« |ere, suam val¡t»dinem really quidem, v¡r« recipere; recover from a serious reap met·« |ere messu¿ messus illness ¡ grav¿ morb« recre§r¿ reaper mess·or |«ris m recruit s t¿r·« |«nis m; raw recruit t¿r« rear (end) (coll) post¿c·um |¿ n rudis recruit tr recruit troops d¿l¡ctum agere reason (faculty, reasonable ground) rati·« |«nis f; (cause) caus·a |ae f; recruitment d¿l¡ct·us |»s m for that reason h§c d¡ caus§; for rectum §n·us |¿ m various reasons mult¿s d¡ caus¿s; red ru·ber |bra |brum; be red rub·e« what’s the reason why … quid est |¡re enim, c»r … red cent: I don’t owe anyone a red reboot (comput) rediniti§re cent assem aer§rium n¡min¿ d¡be«; I rebut dissolv·« |ere |¿ dissol»tus haven’t a red cent assem aer§rium rebuttal dissol»ti·« |«nis f habe« n»llum recall revoc§re; (to memory) memori§ redhead r»f·us |¿ m, r»til·us |¿ m; r»f·a repet·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tus; as I recall ut |ae f, r»til·a |ae f mea memoria est referee arbi·ter |tr¿ m (·tra |trae f) receipt apoch·a |ae f refined h»m§n·us |a |um 370 Conversational Latin reform ¡mend§re remote control moder§tr·um |¿ n refrigerator fr¿gid§r·ium |¿ n rem«tum renown f§m·a |ae f regards: give him (her) my best regards d¿cit« e¿ pl»rimam me¿s rent s merc·¡s |¡dis f; pay the rent for verb¿s sal»tem this room merc¡dem huic cellae dare regiment legi·« |«nis f rent tr cond»cere; rent out loc§re repair shop offic¿n·a |ae f repar§t«ria regimental commander legi«nis leg§t·us |¿ m repeat repet·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tus, iter§re; repeat after me e¿sdem verb¿s mihi region regi·« |«nis f redde (pl: reddite) register (at a hotel) n«men in tabul§s repeatedly identidem refer« referre rettul¿ repetition repet¿ti·« |«nis f regret s paenitenti·a |ae f reporter diurn§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) regret tr I regret m¡ paenitet (+ gen) representative v¿c§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) regularly assidu¡ repress (emotions) cohib·e« |¡re |u¿ reindeer tarandr·us |¿ m |itus reject a bill l¡gem (or rog§ti«nem) repression continenti·a |ae f ant¿qu§re republican r¡p»blic·us |a |um relative adj rel§t¿v·us |a |um republicans optim§t·¡s |ium mpl relative s cogn§t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) reputation f§m·a |ae f; bad reputation relax s¡ remitt« |ere rem¿s¿ ¿nf§mi·a |ae f; good reputation honest·§s |§tis f relentless d¿r·us |a |um rescue ¡rip·i« |ere |u¿ ¡reptus relief: be a relief lev§ment« esse research s invest¿g§ti·« |«nis f, relieve lev§re; relieve oneself (have a ind§g§ti·« |«nis f bowel movement) ventrem exoner§re research tr invest¿g§re, ind§g§re rely on c«nf¿d·« |ere c«nf¿sus sum (+ dat); relying on fr¡t·us |a |um (+ dat resentful ¿r§cund·us |a |um or abl) resentment ¿r§cundi·a |ae f remain man·e« |¡re m§ns¿ m§ns»rus; it reservation reserv§ti·« |«nis f remains to restat ut (+ subj) reserve reserv§re remedy remedi·um |¿ n; apply a resolute c«nfirm§t·us |a |um remedy remedium adhib¡re respect s observanti·a |ae f; show remember commemor§re; memin·¿ |isse repect to observ§re (+ gen or acc); memori§ ten·e« |¡re respect tr observ§re |u¿; if I remember right s¿ bene memin¿ respectability honest·§s |§tis f reminder: as a reminder memoriae respectable honest·us |a |um caus§ respected hon«r§t·us |a |um General Vocabulary 371 respectful observ·§ns |antis rider vect·or |«ris m, vectr·¿x |¿cis f respectfully hon«rific¡, reverenter ridge iug·um |¿ n responsibility for c»r·a |ae f (+ gen); it ridiculous r¿dicul·us |a |um is my responsibility to … est mihi rifle sclop¡t·um |¿ n; automatic rifle c»rae (+ inf) sclop¡tum autom§tum; fire a rifle rest: the rest of the c¡ter·¿ |ae |a sclop¡t§re restaurant caup«n·a |ae f rifleman sclop¡t§t·or |«ris m restless inqui¡t·us |a |um right adj (opp. of left) dext·er |(e)ra restroom loc·us |¿ m s¡cr¡tus; (public) |(e)rum; (correct, proper) r¡ct·us |a forica |ae f, aumati·um |¿ n |um; do the right thing fr»gem facere; on the right ab dextr§, § retailer prop«l·a |ae m dexter§; (to the) right dextr«rsum; retake (e.g., a town) recip·i« |ere rec¡p¿ that’s right s¿c est; you’re right receptus prob¡ d¿cis [literally, you say retire (from a job) in «tium ven¿re correctly], bene d¿xist¿ or v¡ra d¿cis. retirement «ti·um |¿ n; go into right adv (correctly) r¡ct¡; right away retirement in «tium ven¿re statim, continu«; right from the start in pr¿ncipi« ¿lic«; right now return tr (give back) redd·« |ere |id¿ nunciam; turn right dextr«rsum s¡ |itus ¶ intr (go back) red·e« |¿re |i¿ vertere or |¿v¿ |itum right s i»s, i»ris n; civil rights i»s review s (e.g., of a lesson) retract§ti·« c¿v¿le; you have every right to … |«nis f omne f§s tibi est (+ inf); waive one’s review tr (e.g., a lesson) retract§re; rights d¡c¡d·« |ere d¡cess¿ i»re su« review the army exercitum rim (of a wheel) vit·us |»s f rec¡ns·e« |¡re |u¿, l»str§re rind (thick skin of fruit) cori·um |¿ n rhinoceros rh¿nocer·«s |«tis m ring §nul·us |¿ m; (for boxing) rib cost·a |ae f suggest·us |»s m pugil§t«rius; take rib tr (taunt) tax§re off a ring §nulum d¡trah·« |ere ribbon taeni·a |ae f d¡trax¿; wear a ring §nulum gest§re rice or£z·a |ae f rise (of a person, mountain) surg·« |ere surr¡x¿; (of several persons, rich d¿v·es |itis mountains) c«nsurgere; (out of rich buck (slang) sacc·« |«nis m respect) adsurgere; (of heavenly riches d¿viti·ae |§rum fpl bodies) or·ior |¿r¿ ortus sum; (of a river, have its source) (ex)orior rid: get rid of (worries) d¿lu·« |ere |¿; (ex)or¿r¿; the Tiber rising in the (persons) §m«l·ior |¿r¿ §m«l¿tus sum Apennines Tiberis monte Apenn¿n« ride s vecti·« |«nis f; go for a ride (ex)ori¡ns gest§ti«nem autoc¿n¡t« facere risk: at your own risk tu« per¿cul«; run ride tr (a bike, a horse, etc.) (birot§, the risk per¿culum facere; take a equ«) veh·or |¿ vectus sum risk per¿culum ad·e« |¿re |¿v¿ 372 Conversational Latin risky anceps, ancipitis Rome R«m·a |ae f (often referred to river fl»m·en |inis n, amn·is |is m (with simply as urbs) no distinction as to size) roof t¡ct·um |¿ n river bed alve·us |¿ m roof tile t¡gul·a |ae f roar (of a lion) r»g·i« |¿re |i¿ room concl§v·e |is n, cubicul·um |¿ n; (small room) cell·a |ae f; room with roast s ass·um |¿ n bath cubicul·um |¿ n balne« or roast tr ass§re lav§cr« (pluvi«) ¿nstructum roast beef b»bul·a |ae f assa room key cl§v·is |is f cubicul§ris roast pork porc¿n·a |ae f assa roommate soci·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) roast veal vitul¿n·a |ae f assa cubicul§ris rooster gall·us |¿ m; roosters crow gall¿ rob rap·i« |ere |u¿ |tus; rob s.o. of c»c»riunt, canunt (see bird) aliquem spoli§re (+ abl) rose ros·a |ae f robber latr·« |«nis m; (home invader) perfoss·or |«ris m rouge purpuriss·um |¿ n, f»c·us |¿ m robbery latr«cini·um |¿ n rough asp·er |era |erum; (weather) turbid·us |a |um; rough guess robe vest·is |is f ¿nform§ta cogit§ti·« |«nis f robin rubecul·a |ae f; robins chirp round (in boxing) congress·us |»s m rubeculae p¿pant (see bird) round up c«g·« |ere co¡g¿ co§ctus rocket roch¡t·a |ae f route certus curs·us |»s m rocking chair sell·a |ae f «scill§ris row «rd·« |inis m; three in a row tr¡s role model exempl·ar |§ris n ex «rdine roll p§nicul·us |¿ m, p§nicell·us |¿ m; row tr r¡mig§re (see Chapter V) call roll n«mina recit§re rowboat scaph·a |ae f r¡migera roll call n«minum recit§ti·« |«nis f; take row home aed·¡s |ium fpl seri§l¡s roll call n«mina recit§re rowing r¡mig§ti·« |«nis f rollerblade, rollerskate intr pedirot¿s l§bor l§b¿ l§psus sum (see Chapter V) rubbish! quisquiliae! rollerblades pedirot·ae |§rum fpl ruckus: why are you raising such a ruckus? quid istum cl§m«rem tollis rollerskate intr rotul¿s patin§re (pl: tollitis)? rollerskate s calce·us |¿ m subrot§tus, rude (character) asp·er |era |erum patin·us |¿ m rot§lis rug tap¡t·e |is n rollerskating patin§ti·« |«nis f rot§lis rugby harpast·um |¿ n; play rugby (see Chapter V) harpast« l»dere rolling pin fistul·a |ae f rugged asp·er |era |erum ROM (comput) memori·a |ae f f¿xa rule s r¡gul·a |ae f; break the rule Roman R«m§n·us |a |um r¡gulam frang·« |ere fr¡g¿ fr§ctus; General Vocabulary 373

follow (observe) the rule r¡gulam safe-deposit box d¡posit«ri·um |¿ n serv§re; lay down rules r¡gul§s syngraph§rum ¿nstitu·« |ere |¿ safety pin f¿bul·a |ae f rule tr reg·« |ere r¡x¿ r¡ctus sail intr n§vig§re, n§ve vehor veh¿ ruler (instrument) r¡gul·a |ae f vectus sum (sovereign) r¡ct·or |«ris m sail s v¡l·um |¿ n rum v¿n·um |¿ n Indicum sail boat scaph·a |ae f v¡lifera rumor r»m·or |«ris m; there’s a rumor sailing v¡lific§ti·« |«nis f (see Chapter going around r»mor pervag§tur V) rumpus: raise a rumpus turb§s dare sailor naut·a |ae m, nautri·a |ae f run tr (a business, shop) (neg«tium, sake: for heaven’s sake obsecr« (lit: I tabernam) exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus; pray); for the sake of caus§ (+ gen) (comput) run a program programma (following the dependent genitive); administr§re; run up bills aes for your sake tu§ (pl: vestr§) caus§ ali¡num c«nfl§re ¶ intr curr·« |ere salad ac¡t§ri·a |«rum npl cucurr¿ cursum; run around curs§re; run into s.o. on the street aliquem salad dressing see dressing offend·« |ere |¿ in plat¡§; run for (an salary merc·¡s |¡dis f; pay s.o. a fair office) pet·« |ere pet¿v¿ pet¿tus; run salary aequam merc¡dem alicui low d¡fic·i« |ere d¡f¡c¿; run out (of solv·« |ere |¿ sol»tus time) ex¿re; run up and down modo sale v¡nditi·« |«nis f; for sale, on sale h»c modo ill»c curs§re; (comput) the v¡n§lici·us |a |um, v¡n§l·is |is |e; program is running programma put up for sale v¡num dare; this oper§tur house is for sale hae aed¡s sunt running curs»r·a |ae f v¡n§l¡s runny nose distill§ti«n·¡s |um fpl saleslady (in a shop) tabern§ri·a |ae f; (in a clothing store) vesti§ri·a |ae f runway aërodrom·us |¿ m salesman (in a shop) tabern§ri·us |¿ m; traveling salesman ¿nstit·or |«ris m S saliva sal¿v·a |ae f Sabbath sabbat·a |«rum npl salmon salm·« |«nis m saber ¡ns·is |is m falc§tus saloon tabern·a |ae f p«t«ria sad trist·is |is |e; (showing grief one salt s§l, salis n one’s face) maest·us |a |um salt shaker sal¿n·um |¿ n saddle ephipp·ium |(i) ¿ n same ¿dem eadem idem (gen: eiusdem sadness tristiti·a |ae f, maestiti·a |ae f for all genders); it’s all the same to safe (from) t»t·us |a |um (ab + abl); safe me me§ nihil interest; the same and sound salv·us |a |um et s§n·us thing idem |a |um; safe from danger t»tus § sandal (w. covered toes) sandali·um |¿ per¿cul« n; (simplest form of sandal, with the 374 Conversational Latin

sole fastened to feet with thongs) scale tr (a fish) d¡squ§m§re sole·a |ae f; (with thick leather sole, scaly squ§m«s·us |a |um tied with straps, characteristically worn by Greeks) crepid·a |ae f scam fraus, fraudis f sand trap (golf) har¡n§ri·a |ae f scammer fraud§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) sandwich pastill·um |¿ n fartum; ham sandwich pastillum pern§ fartum scan (poetry, also comput) tr scand·« |ere |¿ sc§nsus; (read over quickly) sarcasm dic§cit·§s |§tis f cito perlegere sarcastic dic§cul·us |a |um, dic·§x |§cis scandalous fl§giti«s·us |a |um sardine sard·a |ae f scanner (comput) sc§ns«ri·um |¿ n sash z«n·a |ae f scare terr·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus satisfaction: to your satisfaction ex tu§ scared territ·us |a |um; I am scared to sententi§ death exanim§tus (-a) met» sum satisfied content·us |a |um scarf amict«ri·um |¿ n (coll§re) satisfy satis facere (+ dat); (hunger, scenery aspect·us |»s m regi«nis; (theat) thirst) expl·e« |¡re |¡v¿ |¡tus; you appar§t·us |»s m scaenicus can’t satisfy everyone n«n potes omnibus satis facere schedule h«r§ri·um |¿ n; bus schedule h«r§rium autoraed§rum long§rum; Saturday di·¡s |¡¿ m S§turn¿ flight schedule h«r§rium sauce i»s, i»ris n; (a dressing, esp. one §ëroplan«rum; train schedule made with vinegar) embamm·a h«r§rium tr§minum |atis n scholar ¡rud¿t·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) saucer pater·a |ae f scholarly ¡rud¿t·us |a |um sauna s»d§t«ri·um |¿ n school adj (of or at a school) schol§r·is sausage farc¿m·en |inis n |is |e save (also comput) serv§re school l»d·us |¿ m; (advanced) schol·a savings account comput·us |¿ m |ae f; attend school scholam condit«rius frequent§re; go to school scholam obe« ob¿re obi¿ or ob¿v¿; skip school savings bank argent§ri·a |ae f pec»li¿s ¿nsci¿s parentibus § schol§ abesse asservand¿s school book lib·er |r¿ m schol§ris saw s serr·a |ae f schoolboy discipul·us |¿ m saw tr serr§ sec·« |§re |u¿ |tus ¶ intr serram d»cere school building aedifici·um |¿ n schol§re saxophone saxoph«n·um |¿ n schoolgirl discipul·a |ae f say d¿c·« |ere d¿x¿ dictus; say hello to Rose iub¡ (pl iub¡te) Rosam salv¡re; schoolmate condiscipul·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) so they say ita aiunt school supplies ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n scale s (of a fish) squ§m·a |ae f; (for schol§re weighing) trutin·a |ae f scissors forf·ex |icis f General Vocabulary 375 scold obiurg§re sculptress sculptr·¿x |¿cis f scolding obiurg§ti·« |«nis f; get a sculpture sculpt»r·a |ae f scolding obiurg§r¿ sea mar·e |is n scooter birot·a |ae f pede pulsa seacoast «r·a |ae f maritima scorching sun flagrantissimus s«l m sea gull gavi·a |ae f score s stat·us |»s m, summ·a |ae f seahorse hippocamp·us |¿ m p»nct«rum; (in golf) summa ictuum; final score status f¿n§lis; he doesn’t seal (an envelope) congl»tin§re know what the score is (fig) nescit seal sign·um |¿ n; (of the sea) ph«c·a quid ag§tur; keep score rati«nem |ae f not§re; the score is tied summae p»nct«rum sunt par¡s seam s»t»r·a |ae f score a goal (soccer) follem pede seamstress (making clothes) vestific·a puls§re; (lacrosse) pilam per portam |ae f; (altering clothes) sarcin§tr·¿x iaci·« |ere i¡c¿ iactus; score a point |¿cis f p»nctum fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; score a searchlight l»min§r·e |is n touchdown calcem (or cr¡tam) atting·« |ere attig¿ att§ctus seashore act·a |ae f scorn contempti·« |«nis f season s temp·us |oris n ann¿; in season tempest¿v·us |a |um scorpion scorpi·« |«nis m; scorpions sting scropi«n¡s ¿cunt season tr cond·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tus scot-free: get off scot-free impun¿t·us seasoning cond¿ment·um |¿ n (|a) d¿mitt·or |¿ d¿miss·us (-a) sum seat s¡d·¡s |is f; (on a fixed bench or scram! apage! chair) sed¿l·e |is n; (in school) subselli·um |¿ n (schol§re); back seat scrape: scrape together the money s¡d¡s posterior; front seat s¡d¡s argentum con·r§d« |r§dere |r§s¿ |r§sus anterior; reserved seat s¡d¡s reserv§ta screen (on television or computer) quadr·um |¿ n v¿sificum; (movie seatbelt cinct»r·a |ae f s¡c»rit§tis; fasten screen) linte·um |¿ n c¿n¡mato- (or put on) one’s seatbelt cinct»ram graphicum accin·g« |gere |x¿ |ctus; unfasten one’s seatbelt cinct»ram s¡c»rit§tis screenplay scr¿pt·um |¿ n scaen§rium lax§re screw cochle·a |ae f second adj secund·us |a |um screw (cheat) d¡fraud§re; (sexually) second s (of time) secund·a |ae f d¡battuere secretary s¡cr¡t§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); screwdriver cochleatorstr·um |¿ n corresponding secretary ab epistul¿s scribble c«nscr¿bill§re secretary of agriculture administ·er |r¿ scroll down (comput) d¡volv·« |ere |¿ m agricult»rae pr«vehendae scrub terg·e« |¡re ters¿ tersus secretary of education administ·er |r¿ m sculptor sculpt·or |«ris m ¡rud¿ti«nis 376 Conversational Latin secretary of state administ·er |r¿ m sense of duty, of responsibility piet·§s r¡rum extern§rum |§tis f secretary of the interior administ·er |r¿ sensible pr»d·¡ns |entis; be sensible m r¡rum intern§rum sap·i« |ere secretary of the treasury administ·er |r¿ sentence s (gram) sententi·a |ae f, m fisc§lis «r§ti·« |«nis f; (leg) i»dici·um |¿ n; pass sentence on i»dicium facere d¡ section (of a city) regi·« |«nis (+ abl) seductive illecebr«s·us |a |um separate s¡par§re see vide« vid¡re v¿d¿ v¿sus; (look at) September m¡ns·is |is m September; in aspic·i« |ere aspex¿ aspectus; I see (I September m¡ns¡ Septembr¿ understand) iam tene«; see again sergeant opti·« |«nis mf revid¡re; see to it that c»r§ (pl: c»r§te) ut (+ subj); you see serious grav·is |is |e; are you serious? [parenthetical] enim s¡ri«ne d¿cis t»? seem vid·eor |¡r¿ v¿sus sum seriousness gravit·§s |§tis f self: he was not his usual self n«n fuit sermon hom¿li·a |ae f; give a sermon hom¿liam hab¡re c»ius mod¿ solet serpent serp·¡ns |entis m; serpents bite self-confidence f¿d»ci·a |ae f (crawl, hiss) serpent¡s ¿cunt (serpent, self-confident c«nf¿d·¡ns |entis; be self- s¿bilant) confident sibi c«nf¿d·« |ere c«nf¿sus serve s (tennis) d¡iect·us |»s m sum serve tr (a person) serv·i« |¿re |i¿ (+ self-control abstinenti·a |ae f dat); (food) app«n·« |ere apposu¿ self-controlled comp·os |otis su¿ appositus; (mil) st¿pendia facere, (st¿pendium) mer·e« |¡re |u¿; serve a self-respect dignit·§s |§tis f summons on diem dare (+ dat); sell v¡nd·« |ere v¡ndid¿ v¡nditus; (of a serve one’s country d¡ r¡ p»blic§ merchant) v¡ndit§re mer¡re ¶ intr (tennis) d¡ic·i« |ere seller v¡ndit·or |«ris m, v¡nditr·¿x |¿cis f d¡i¡c¿; serve as a soldier or sailor (ut) m¿les aut nauta mer¡re semester semestr·e |is n service: be at s.o.’s service alicui seminar s¡min§ri·um |¿ n acad¡micum praest« esse; be of service to s.o. senate sen§t·us |»s m alicui pr«sum pr«desse pr«fu¿ senate building c»ri·a |ae f serviceman m¿lit§r·is |is m senate session sen§t·us |»s m; call service station stati·« |«nis f benz¿n§ria (hold) a senate session sen§tum set s (e.g., of tools) ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n voc§re (hab¡re) set tr (to put) p«n·« |ere posu¿ positus; senator sen§t·or |«ris mf set a price pretium facere or statu·« |ere |¿ stat»tus; set aside p«nere; set senatorial sen§t«ri·us |a |um on fire incend·« |ere |¿ inc¡nsus; set senior seni·or |«ris mf the table m¡nsam p«nere ¶ intr (of General Vocabulary 377

the sun) occid·it |ere |it; set out sheep ov·is |is f profic¿sc·«r |¿ profectus sum sheer (fabrics) rall·us |a |um seventh heaven: be in seventh heaven sheet (of paper) sched·a |ae f, foli·um |¿ in cael« esse n chartaceum; (for the bed) sew su·« |ere |¿ s»tus str§gul·um |¿ n linteum sewing machine m§chin·a |ae f s»t«ria shell (of clam, oyster) test·a |ae f; (of turtle) test»d·« |inis f; (of peanut, sex (gender) sex·us |»s m; (act) egg) put§m·en |inis n stupr·um |¿ n; have sex with stuprum facere cum (+ abl) shepherd p§st·or |«ris m sh-h-h-h! st, st! sheriff geraef·a |ae m (·ria |riae f) shabby sordid·us |a |um shifting (wind, weather) vari·us |a |um shake: quat·i« |ere (no perf) quassus; shifty m«bil·is |is |e; shifty like the (get rid of) §m«l·ior |¿r¿ |¿tus sum; wind vent«s·us |a |um shake the head n»t§re; (to dissent) shinbone t¿bi·a |ae f abn»t§re; shake hands dextrae iungere dextram or dextram iungere shine l»c·e« |¡re l»x¿; shine on ill»c¡re (cum aliqu«); (when campaigning) (+ dat) man»s pr¡ns§re; shake up ship s n§v·is |is f commov·e« |¡re comm«v¿ ship tr d¡veh·« |ere d¡v¡x¿ d¡vectus comm«tus, perturb§re shipyard n§v§l·ia |ium npl shallow tenu·is |is |e shirt ind»si·um |¿ n, cam¿si·a |ae f shame ign«mini·a |ae f; shame on you! pr« pudor!; that’s a darn shame shiver intr trem·« |ere |u¿ edepol facinus improbum; what a shiver s trem·or |«ris m; (severe) shame! facinus indignum!; O rem membr«rum quass§ti·« |«nis f indignam! shock ¡letricus ¿ct·us |»s m shameful ign«mini«s·us |a |um shock (emotionally) atton·« |§re |u¿ |itus shameless improb·us |a |um shoe (worn with toga) calce·us |¿ m; shampoo l«ment·um |¿ n capill§re (oxfords) calceus subt§l§ris; (fancy shape f«rm·a |ae f; be in bad (good) low shoe, of different colors, gold, shape mal¿ (bon¿) habit»s esse, in yellow, decorated with pearls, etc.) mal« (bon«) habit» esse socc·us |¿ m, soccul·us |¿ m; (red shoes of senator) calceus mulleus share (stock) §cti·a |ae f shoelace corrigi·a |ae f shark pistr·is |is m; a shark’s dorsal fin pistris pinn·a |ae f dors§lis shoemaker s»t·or |«ris m shave s r§s»r·a |ae f shoemaker’s shop s»tr¿n·a |ae f shave tr r§d·« |ere r§s¿ r§sus; shave shoe polish c¡r«m·a |atis n s»t«rium every day faciem c«t¿di¡ r§sit§re shoe store tabern·a |ae f s»tr¿na shed tears lacrim§s effund·d« |ere shook: all shook up vehementer eff»d¿ perturb§t·us |a |um 378 Conversational Latin shoot (a person) sclop¡t« tr§nsf¿g·« |ere shower balneol·um |¿ n pluvium; (rain) tr§nsf¿x¿ tr§nsf¿xus; I shot myself in im·ber |bris m; take a shower the foot mihi asciam in cr»s imp¡g¿ balneol« pluvi« »tor »t¿ »sus sum shop s tabern·a |ae f; (workshop) shrewd ast»t·us |a |um, callid·us |a |um offic¿n·a |ae f shrimp squill·a |ae f; (a little guy) shop intr (at a grocery store) obs«n§re; p»mili·« |«nis mf go shopping ¡mptum e« ¿re ¿v¿; I shrine sacr§ri·um |¿ n shopped for clothes per tabern§s lustr§v¿ ut vest¡s emerem shrub fr»t·ex |icis m shopkeeper tabern§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) shuffle (cards) misc·e« |¡re |u¿ m¿xtus shopper ¡mpt·or |«ris m, ¡mptr·¿x |¿cis shun publicity forum ac l»cem fug·i« f; (for groceries) obs«n§t·or |«ris m, |ere f»g¿ obs«n§tr·¿x |¿cis f shut claud·« |ere claus¿ clausus; shut down (comput) claudere; shut up! shopping ¡mpti·« |«nis f; (for groceries) obser§ «s tuum!; why don’t you just obs«n§t·us |»s m shut up? qu¿n t» tac¡s modo? shop window fenestr·a |ae f merc§t«ria shutter foricul·a |ae f shore «r·a |ae f maritima shy timid·us |a |um short adj brev·is |is |e; (vowel) sick (of body or mind) ae·ger |gra corrept·us |a |um |grum; (of body) aegr«t·us |a |um; short s in short in summ§, ad summam get sick in morbum incid·« |ere |¿; I shortcut compend§ri·a |ae f; take a am sick and tired of hearing the shortcut compend§ri§ e« ¿re i¿ same thing over and over (m¡) vald¡ pertaedet iam aud¿re eadem shorts sublig§cul·um |¿ n; (street wear) identidem; I am sick and tired of d¡curt§tae br§c·ae |§rum fpl the business m¡ neg«t¿ vald¡ shortstop intermedius basi§ri·us |¿ m, pertaedet intermedia basi§ri·a |ae f sickly male valid·us |a |um shorty brevicul·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), sickness morb·us |¿ m p»mili·« |«nis mf side intr side with st§re ab (+ abl), shotgun foc¿l·e |is n (bifistul§tum) part¡s (+ gen) sequ·or |¿ sec»tus sum shoulder (h)umer·us |¿ m; shrug the side s (of a body, hill, camp, ship, etc.) shoulders umer«s allev§re lat·us |eris n; (quarter, direction) shoulder bag p¡r·a |ae f par·s |tis f; (faction) part·¡s |ium fpl; shoulder blade scapul·a |ae f (party) par·s |tis f (mostly plural); be on the side of st§re ab (+ abl), shovel p§l·a |ae f sent·i« |¿re s¡ns¿ cum (+ abl); from show m«nstr§re, osten·d« |dere |d¿ |sus (or on) all sides undique; on both or |tus; show off s¡ iact§re; show up sides utrimque; on his mother’s side app§r·e« |¡re |u¿; this shows that … m§tern« genere; on the other side of indici« est (+ acc & inf) ultr§ (+ acc); on the right side of § General Vocabulary 379

latere dextr« (+ gen); on this side of since conj (because) quia, quoniam, cis or citr§ (+ acc) cum; since (temporal) ut (+ indic), sideline (sports) l¿ne·a |ae f later§lis postquam (+ indic), ex qu« tempore (+ indic) side street d¡verticul·um |¿ n, vi·a |ae f later§lis, via secund§ria since prep ex (+ abl), ab (+ abl); ever since »sque ab (+ abl), ex qu« sidewalk crep¿d·« |inis f vi§ria tempore sieve cr¿br·um |¿ n sincere sinc¡r·us |a |um sigh s gemit·us |»s m sing can« canere cecin¿ cantus, cant§re sigh intr gem·« |ere |u¿ |itum; sigh over singer cant§t·or |«ris m, cant§tr·¿x |¿cis f gemere single s«l·us |a |um; (unmarried male) sight (sense) v¿s·us |»s m; at first sight caeleb·s |is; (unmarried female) (on the first appearance of a person inn»pta or thing) pr¿m§ speci¡; (view subjectively) pr¿m« aspect»; catch single room cubicul·um |¿ n »n¿us lect¿ sight of c«nspic·i« |ere c«nspex¿; singular adj singul§r·is |is |e (opp: lose sight of ¡ c«nspect» §mitt·« |ere pl»r§l·is |is |e); in the singular §m¿s¿ singul§riter sign (a document) subscr¿b·« |ere sink (in a bathroom) labell·um |¿ n; (in subscr¿ps¿ subscr¿ptus a kitchen) fus«ri·um |¿ n silence silenti·um |¿ n; call for silence sip sorbill§re silentium facere sir! bone vir!; (to a superior) domine! silent tacit·us |a |um; become (or fall) sister sor·or |«ris f; little sister silent contic¡sc·« |ere; be silent sororcul·a |ae f tac·e« |¡re |u¿; keep s.th. silent aliquid tac¡re sister-in-law glos, gl«ris f; (sister of husband) soror |«ris f mar¿t¿; (wife of silk adj s¡ric·us |a |um; silk clothes brother) ux·or |«ris f fr§tris s¡ric·a |«rum npl sit sed·e« |¡re s¡d¿ sess»rus; sit down silk s s¡ric·um |¿ n c«ns¿d·« |ere c«ns¡d¿; sit up! r¡ct¡ silliness inepti·a |ae f sed¡ (pl: sed¡te)! silly d¡sipi·¡ns |entis; be silly d¡sip·i« site sit·us |»s m, loc·us |¿ m (pl: loc·a |ere, inept·i« |¿re; don’t be silly n«l¿ |«rum npl) inept¿re sitting room exedr·a |ae f, sess«ri·um silverware argente·a |«rum npl |¿ n simple simpl·ex |icis [single-ending adj] situated sit·us |a |um; situated on, near simply (in a simple manner; merely) apposit·us |a |um (+ dat) simpliciter; (only) tantummodo; I situation: that’s the situation here in simply don’t know what he is Rome h¿c R«mae r¡s s¡ s¿c habent; thinking of iam pl§n¡ quid c«gitet you see what the situation is vid¡s nesci«; simply not n«n omn¿n« qu« in loc« haec r¡s sit 380 Conversational Latin situps: do situps identidem resid·e« |¡re skirt gunn·a |ae f, castul·a |ae f res¡d¿ skull calv§ri·a |ae f; I’ll break your size magnit»d·« |inis f, amplit»d·« |inis skull d¿minuam ego tibi caput f skunk viverr·a |ae f p»tida; (slang) skate intr (rotul¿s) patin§re hom·« |inis mf p»tid·us (-a) skate s calce·us |¿ m subrot§tus (see sky cael·um |¿ n Chapter V) skycap (at airport) b§iul·us |¿ m skateboard tabul·a |ae f subrot§ta skylight compluvi·um |¿ n skater patin§t·or |«ris m, patin§tr·¿x skyscraper multiz«ni·um |¿ n |¿cis f slalom d¡cursi·« |«nis f flexu«sa skating s patin§ti·« |«nis f slam dunk tuxtax immissi·« |«nis f ski intr nart§re slap s alap·a |ae f ski s nart·a |ae f; put on skis nart§s pedibus apt§re, nart§s adstrin·g« slap tr alapam dare (+ dat) |gere |x¿; take off the skis nart§s sled trahe·a |ae f, scl«di·a |ae f (l»s«ria) d¡stringere; wax the skis nart§s sledgehammer marc·us |¿ m incer§re (see Chapter V) sleep intr dorm·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ |¿tum; ski boot calig·a |ae f nart§t«ria go to sleep dorm¿tum e« ¿re i¿ or ¿v¿; ski instructor nartand¿ magis·ter |tr¿ m (doze off) obdorm¿sc·« |ere, (·tra |trae f) obdorm¿v¿; put to sleep in sumnum colloc§re ski jump suggest·us |»s m d¡sult«rius sleep s somn·us |¿ m; deep sleep sop·or ski jumping d¡sult»r·a |ae f nart§t«ria |«ris m ski lift anabathr·um |¿ n nart§t«rium sleeping bag sacc·us |¿ m dorm¿t«rius ski lodge cas·a |ae f nart§t«rum sleeping car curr·us |»s m dorm¿t«rius ski pole b§cul·um |¿ n nart§t«rium sleepwalk dormi¡ns ambul§re ski run curricul·um |¿ n nart§t«rium sleepy somnicul«s·us |a |um ski slope cl¿v·us |¿ m nart§t«rius, sleet im·ber |bris m grandine m¿xtus nart§t«ria d¡cursi·« |«nis f sleeve (reaching to the hand) manic·a skier nart§t·or |«ris m, nart§tr·¿x |¿cis f |ae f; with long sleeves manic§t·us skiing s nart§ti·« |«nis f |a |um skill artifici·um |¿ n sleeveless sine manic¿s skilled callid·us |a |um sleigh trahe·a |ae f; go sleigh riding skillful artifici«s·us |a |um; skillful in trahe§ veh·or |¿ vectus sum sc¿t·us |a |um (+ gen) slice segment·um |¿ n skillfulness callidit·§s |§tis f slide intr l§b·or |¿ l§psus sum skin cut·is |is f (pale pallida; dry §rida; slide s im§g·« |inis f tr§nsl»cida; show soft mollis; tough d»ra; wrinkled slides im§gin¡s tr§nsl»cid§s exhib·e« r»g«sa) |¡re |u¿ |itus General Vocabulary 381 slide projector pr«iect«ri·um |¿ n talk smart to me n«l¿ male mihi im§ginum tr§nsl»cid§rum d¿cere; she is smart ingeni«sa est slim gracil·is |is |e (opp: ob¡sus) smell (sense) od«r§t·us |»s m; (odor) slip s (clothing) ind»cul·a |ae f ¿nferior, od·or |«ris m hypoz«ni·um |¿ n; (of paper) smell tr olfac·i« |ere olf¡c¿ ¶ intr (good, schedul·a |ae f; (error) pecc§t·um |¿ bad) (bene, male) ol·e« |¡re |u¿; n; a slip of the tongue laps·us |»s m (stink) obol¡re linguae smile subr¿d·e« |¡re subr¿s¿ slip tr (give furtively) f»rtim dare; it smoke fum§re; (a cigarette, cigar, slipped my mind ¡ memori§ excidit; marijuanna) f»mum (sigarell¿, sigar¿, it slipped my mind to … f»git m¡ cannabis) s»g·« |ere s»x¿ (+ inf) ¶ intr l§b·or |¿ l§psus sum; (leave furtively) slip out s¡ subd»cere smoker f»m§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |¿cis f) slipper socc·us ¿ m; (of felt) »d·« |«nis smooth-talking blandiloqu·us |a |um m smug c«nf¿d·¡ns |entis slippery l»bric·us |a |um smugness c«nf¿denti·a |ae f slope intr verg·« |ere; sloping toward snack merend·a |ae f; have a snack the sea verg¡ns ad mare merendam capere slope s cl¿v·us |¿ m; steep (gentle) slope snack bar vor§tr¿n·a |ae f arduus (l¡nis) cl¿vus snail cochle·a |ae f sloppy (weather) spurc·us |a |um; snake angu·is |is mf (person) neglig·¡ns |entis; (road) lutulent·us |a |um snarl (of an animal) gann·i« |¿re slow adj (physically, mentally) lent·us |a sneakers calce·¿ |«rum mpl gymnic¿ |um; slow to learn segn·is |is |e sneak off clanculum ab·e« |¿re abi¿ slow down cursum reprim« reprimere sneeze intr sternu·« |ere |¿ repress¿ sneeze s stern»ment·um |¿ n sluggish heb·es |etis; be sluggish sniff s get a sniff of olfacere heb·e« |¡re sniff tr sniff out (e.g., trouble) od«r·or sly ast»t·us |a |um; on the sly clam |§r¿ |§tus sum small parv·us |a |um; parvul·us |a |um snobbish fast¿di«s·us |a |um smaller min·or |or |us snore stert·o |ere small-mindedness humilit·§s |§tis f snow impers v ningit ningere n¿nxit smallpox variol·ae |§rum fpl; have snow s nix, nivis f smallpox variol¿s lab«r§re; smallpox vaccination variol§rum vaccin§ti·« snowball pil·a |ae f nivea |«nis f snowdrift agg·er |eris m niveus smart (clever) callid·us |a |um; snowed: I am snowed under with (talented) ingeni«s·us |a |um; obru·or |¿ obrutus, tamquam fluct», (impertinent) ¿nsol·¡ns |entis; don’t s¿c ego (+ abl) 382 Conversational Latin snowfall nivis c§s·us |»s m software (comput) part·¡s |ium fpl snowstorm ning·or |«ris m programmati«nis snowy niv«s·us |a |um, niv§l·is |is |e soldier m¿l·es |itis mf (see chapter on War and Peace) so (with adj or adv) tam, ita; (with verb) ade«, s¿c; and so itaque; how so? sole (of shoe or foot) sol·um |¿ n, plant·a |ae f quid ita?; is it really so? itane v¡r«?; is that so? itane?; so far so good solution sol»ti·« |«nis f bell¡ adh»c; so many tot; so much some adj aliqu¿ aliqua aliquod (pl: aliqu¿ tant·us |a |um; so much for that aliquae aliqua); some (a number of) e§tenus; so so (tolerably well) ita aliquot (indecl); some (amount of) tenuiter; so to speak ut ita d¿cam; aliquid (+ gen); some meat aliquid that’s not so! haud ita est! carnis; some … or other nesci« qu¿, soak made·faci« |facere |f¡c¿ |factus nesci« quae, nesci« quod; some senator or other nesci« qu¿ sen§tor soaking rain largus im·ber |bris m someday (in indef fut) aliquand« soap sap·« |«nis m; bar of soap sap«nis quadrul·a |ae f; liquid soap sap« someone aliquis, alic»ius liquidus sometime (or other) aliquand«; sober (not drunk) s«bri·us |a |um (opp: sometime ago d»dum, pr¿dem ¡brius) sometimes n«nnumquam; interdum; soccer pedifolli·um |¿ n, pedil»di·um |¿ sometimes … sometimes modo … n; play soccer pedifolle l»dere (see modo, interdum … interdum Chapter V) somewhat adv aliquant«; feel somewhat soccer ball pedifoll·is |is m better (of a patient) meliuscul·us |a |um esse soccer field camp·us |¿ m pedifoli¿, campus l»s«rius son f¿li·us |¿ m soccer player l»s·or |«ris m pedifolli¿ song cant·us |»s m, cantic·um |¿ n soccer shoes calce§ment·a |«rum npl son-in-law gen·er |er¿ m pedifoli¿ soon mox; (in a minute) iam; (at any moment) iam iam; as soon as cum soccer stadium stadi·um |¿ n pedifolli¿ pr¿mum; as soon as possible quam sociable soci§bil·is |is |e pr¿mum; how soon? quam mox?; social security ass¡c»r§ti·« |«nis f soon thereafter mox deinde; too soci§lis soon nimium cito; very soon perbrev¿ tempore socket cont§ct·um |¿ n (¡lectricum) sooner: no sooner said than done dict« socks imp¿li·a |«rum npl citius or dictum factum; sooner or soda aqu·a |ae f Selter§na later s¡rius ocius sofa tor·us |¿ m t«ment« fartus sophomore sophom«r·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) soft moll·is |is |e soprano supr§nist·a |ae f softly (in a low voice) summiss§ voce sore throat exasper§tae fauc·¡s |ium fpl General Vocabulary 383 sorority sod§lit·§s |§tis f alumn§rum listening loquere! audi«; speak of sorry: I feel sorry for the others m¡ the devil lupus in f§bul§; well, speak miseret ali«rum; I’m (you’re) sorry up! qu¿n t» ¡loquere! m¡ (t¡) paenitet speaker megaph«n(i)·um |¿ n sound adj inte·ger |gra |grum special delivery letter epistul·a |ae f sound s son·us |¿ m acceler§ta soundly (to sleep) art¡; (to defeat) speech «r§ti·« |«nis f; make a speech ¡gregi¡ «r§ti«nem hab¡re soup i»scul·um |¿ n, sorbiti·« |«nis f speed limit v¡l«cit§tis mod·us |¿ m soup bowl magid·a |ae f spell tr scr¿b·« |ere scr¿ps¿ scr¿ptus; spell correctly r¡ct¡ scr¿bere; spell with soup spoon cochle·ar |§ris m cap§cius scr¿bere per (+ acc); some spell source f«n·s |tis m, cap·ut |itis n “cum” with a “q” if it signifies time south adj ¿nfer·ior |ior |ius, mer¿di§n·us qu¿dam scr¿bunt “cum” per “q” |a |um; on the south side latere litteram, s¿ tempus significat mer¿di§n«; south of infr§ (+ acc) spelling s orthographi·a |ae f south adv ad mer¿diem spend (time) ag« agere ¡g¿ §ctus, south s mer¿di·¡s |¡¿ m, mer¿di§n·um |¿ c«ns»m·« |ere |ps¿ |ptus; spend the n; in the south § mer¿di¡ night pernoct§re; spend the summer aest¿v§re; spend the winter hiem§re; southern mer¿di«n§l·is |is |e, spend time (effort, money) on mer¿di§n·us |a |um, ¿nfer·ior |ior |ius tempus (operam, pec»niam) southward in mer¿diem versus [versus is impend·« |ere |¿ imp¡nsus (in + acc) an adverb] spicy §cer §cris §cre south wind Aus·ter |tr¿ m spider ar§ne·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) sow porc·a |ae f, s»·s |is f; sows oink spider web ar§ne·a |ae f s»¡s grunniunt spill tr effund·« |ere eff»d¿ eff»sus ¶ spacious ampl·us |a |um intr effundor effund¿ eff»sus sum spaghetti spacell·¿ |«rum mpl spinach spinaci·a |ae f Spain Hisp§ni·a |ae f spine (anat) sp¿n·a |ae f dors¿ spam (comput) sagin§ti·« |«nis f spirit: spirit of the law volunt·§s |§tis f spare time temp·us |oris n subsic¿vum l¡gis; that’s the right spirit now spark plug cand¡l·a |ae f acc¡ns¿va nunc t» fr»g¿ bonae es sparrow pass·er |eris m (see bird) spit s sp»t·um |¿ n spasm spasm·us |¿ m; have a muscle spit tr & intr spu·« |ere |¿ sp»tus; spasm § m»scul¿ spasm« lab«r§re (frequentative) sput§re speak tr & intr loqu·or |¿ loc»tus sum; splendid: absolutely splendid! nimis d¿c·« |ere d¿x¿ dictus; speak Latin, factum bene!; splendid! euge! speak correct Latin Lat¿n¡ loqu¿; so split one’s sides laughing ¿lia sua r¿s» to speak ut ita d¿cam; speak! I’m dissolv·« |ere |¿ 384 Conversational Latin sponge s spongi·a |ae f; sponge stick (for sheep) ov¿l·e |is n; (for pigs) (used by Romans for the same su¿l·e |is n purpose as modern toilet paper) stadium stadi·um |¿ n xilospongi·um |¿ n sponge tr sponge a meal c¡nam capt§re staff member, staff officer contubern§l·is |is mf spoon cochle·ar |§ris n stag cerv·us |¿ m sport §thl¡tic·a |ae f, disport·us |»s m stage sc¡n·a |ae f, prosc¡ni·um |¿ n; sport shirt camisi·a |ae f campestris (step in progress) grad·us |»s m; go sportswear vest·is |is f campestris on the stage in sc¡nam pr«d·e« |¿re spouse con·i»nx |iugis mf |i¿; stage of life aet§tis grad·us |»s m sprain tr lux§re staircase sc§l·ae |§rum fpl sprain s lux§t»r·a |ae f stairs sc§l·ae |§rum fpl; climb the stairs per sc§l§s ascend·« |ere |¿ spread sheet (comput) chart·a |ae f comput§t¿va stair well sc§l§ri·um |¿ n spring f«n·s |tis m; (season) v¡r, v¡ris n stamp pitt§ci·um |¿ n cursu§le spring break feri·ae |§rum fpl vernae; stand tr I can’t stand him istum ferre spend the spring break feri§s vern§s n«n que«; I can’t stand the cold ag« agere ¡g¿ §ctus fr¿goris impati¡ns sum ¶ intr st« st§re sprint curs·us |»s m brevis stet¿; I’d like to know how matters stand velim sc¿re qu« mod« r¡s s¡ spunk alacrit·§s |§tis f habeant spunky ala·cer |cris |cre standing ovation: give s.o. a standing squabble intr r¿x·or |§r¿ |§tus sum ovation alicui stant¡s plau·d« |dere squabble s r¿x·a |ae f |s¿ squad turm·a |ae f stands (bleachers) for·¿ |«rum mpl square intr this simply doesn’t square staple s unc¿nul·us |¿ m (metallicus) n«n s§n¡ quadrat staple tr c«ns·u« |suere |su¿ |s»tus square s quadr§t·um |¿ n; (rectangular stapler unc¿n§t«ri·um |¿ n, c«ns»t«ri·um space surrounded by buildings or |¿ n (chart§rum) streets) §re·a |ae f; (carpenter’s tool) starling sturn·us |¿ m (see bird) norm·a |ae f start initi·um |¿ n; at the start of the squeak (of mice, rats) mintr·i« |¿re year ann« ineunte; you’ve made a squeeze the flesh (when campaigning) good start bene habent tibi pr¿ncipia pr¡ns§re starter (on a car) incit§tr·um |¿ n; for squirrel sci»r·us |¿ m starters pr¿ncipi« stability firmit·§s |§tis f starvation fam·¡s |is f stable adj firm·us |a |um starve tr f§me c«n·fici« |ficere |f¡c¿ stable s stabul·um |¿ n; (for horses) |fectus ¶ intr f§me c«nfic¿; I’m equ¿l·e |is n; (for cows) bov¿l·e |is n; starved fame ¡nectus sum General Vocabulary 385 state (the state as a community) c¿vit·§s stew tr lent« igne coqu·« |ere cox¿ |§tis f; state of mind affecti·« |«nis f coctus ¶ intr aestu§re; I stewed over anim¿ it for a long time in e« aestu§v¿ di» statesman vir, vir¿ m c¿v¿lis steward hosp·es |itis m §erius stationery chart·a f epistul§ris stewardess hospit·a |ae f §eria stationery store tabern·a |ae f chart§ria stewed i»rulent·us |a |um; (drunk) ¡lix·us |a |um statue statu·a |ae f, sign·um |¿ n stick to one’s guns in sententi§ st« st§re status stat·us |»s m stet¿; stick to the truth in v¡rit§te statute l¡x, l¡gis f man·e« |¡re m§ns¿ stay man·e« |¡re |s¿ |s»rus; still (till now) adh»c (temporarily) mor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum sting s (on a bee) acule·us |¿ m; (bite) steak fr»st·um |¿ n b»bulae ict·us |»s m steal f»r·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; clep·« |ere |s¿ sting tr ¿c·« |ere ¿c¿ ictus |tus; toll·« |ere sustul¿ subl§tus stingy sordid·us |a |um steeple turr·is |is f camp§n§ria stink foet·e« |¡re steer s iuvenc·us |¿ m stinky foetid·us |a |um steer tr gubern§re stock §cti·a |ae f steering wheel rot·a |ae f moder§tr¿x stock broker chr¡matist·a |ae m (·ria step s grad·us |»s m; step by step |riae f) grad§tim; steps (of stairs) grad·»s stock exchange burs·a |ae f |uum mpl; take steps (take measures) rati«nem in¿re stocking t¿bi§l·e |is n; (of felt and covering part of the legs) imp¿li·um step gradi·or |¿ gressus sum; step on it! |¿ n m§t»r§! (pl: m§t»r§te!) stock market chr¡matisteri·um |¿ n, stepbrother (on father’s side) v¿tric¿ burs·a |ae f f¿li·us |¿ m; (on mother’s side) novercae f¿lius stomach stomach·us |¿ m, ven·ter |tris m stepdaughter pr¿vign·a |ae f stomach ache dol·or |«ris m stomach¿ stepfather v¿tric·us |¿ m stone: I will leave no stone unturned nihil praetermittam stepmother noverc·a |ae f stoned (drunk) ¡lix·us |a um stepsister (on father’s side) v¿tric¿ f¿li·a |§e f; (on mother’s side) novercae stool scabell·um |¿ n; (for sitting or f¿lia mounting) scamn·um |¿ n stepson pr¿vign·us |¿ m stool pigeon ind·ex |icis mf stereo stereoph«ni·um |¿ n stop (come to a stop) sist·« |ere stit¿; (desist from) d¡sin·« |ere d¡s¿v¿ or stern asp·er |era |erum d¡si¿ (+ inf); does the bus (train) stew s i»rulent·um |¿ n; be in a stew stop in … subsistitne autoraeda over aestu§re (w causal abl) longa (tr§men) in (+ abl)?; stop! 386 Conversational Latin

ast§!; stop off at d¡vers§r¿ apud (+ street vi·a |ae f; (with houses) plat¡·a acc); stop off at s.o.’s house apud |ae f; (paved) str§t·a |ae f; across the aliquem d¡vers§r¿ (or d¡vert·« |ere street from exadversum (+ acc) |¿); stop right there! st§ ¿lic«!; stop streetcar curr·us |»s m ¡lectricus talking! d¡sine (pl: d¡sinite) loqu¿! they finally stopped talking f¿nem street clothes for¡ns·ia |ium npl loquend¿ d¡mum f¡c¡runt street map tabul·a |ae f vi§ria stop-over commor§ti·« |«nis f; make a stretch see extend stop-over commor·or |§r¿ |§tus sum stretch spati·um |¿ n stop sign sign·um |¿ n subsistend¿ strict sev¡r·us |a |um; (person in stop watch chronosc«pi·um |¿ n authority) acerb·us |a |um store tabern·a |ae f; (supply) c«pi·a |ae f strictly speaking propri¡ storeroom cell·a |ae f strike (work stoppage) operistiti·um |¿ stork cic«ni·a |ae f (see bird) n; be or go on strike opus storm tempest·§s |§tis f; procell·a |ae f; inter·mitt« |mittere |m¿s¿; make a a storm arose tempest§s coorta est strike (in bowling) omn¡s c«n«s stormy procell«s·us |a |um, turbulent·us simul pr«stern·« |ere pr«str§v¿ |a |um string chord·a |ae f, f¿l·um |¿ n; story (tale) f§bul·a |ae f; (rumor) f§m·a (comput) seri·¡s |¡¿ f |ae f; (floor) tabul§t·um |¿ n, strip (e.g., of bacon) segment·um |¿ n contign§ti·« |«nis f; to make a long story short n¡ longus sim or n¡ stroke of luck l»s·us |»s m fort»nae longam faciam stroll intr spati·or |§r¿ |atus sum, stove foc·us |¿ m, focul·us |¿ m; electric d¡ambul§re (gas) stove focus ¡lectricus (gaseus) stroll s would you like to take a stroll? straight d¿rect·us |a |um; go straight vel¿sne spati§r¿? home! ¿ (pl: ¿te) r¡ct§ domum! strong valid·us |a |um (opp: imb¡cill·us straighten out a matter rem explic§re |a |um) strait fr¡t·um |¿ n; Strait of Messina stubborn obstin§t·us |a |um fr¡tum Siculum stuck: he is stuck on some girl or strange m¿r·us |a |um; strange to say other in am«re haeret apud nesci« m¿r§bile dict» quam virginem; be stuck on haer·e« strap l«r·um |¿ n; (for shoe or sandal, |¡re haes¿ in (+ abl); I’m stuck (out sometimes decorated with gems) of ideas) haere« obstr§gul·um |¿ n stuck-up vultu«s·us |a |um; fastidi«s·us straw str§ment·um |¿ n; (for drinking) |a |um; be stuck-up fastid·i« |¿re s¿ph·« |«nis m student discipul·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), strawberry fr§g·um |¿ n stud·¡ns |entis m, studentiss·a |ae f stray (dog, cat, etc.) extr§ri·us |a |um studies studi·a |«rum npl stream r¿v·us |¿ m study (a room) studiol·um |¿ n General Vocabulary 387 study stud·e« |¡re |u¿ (+ dat) ¶ intr suddenly statim, subit«, repente stud¡re sue s.o. l¿tem alicui ¿nfer« ¿nferre intul¿ study period spati·um |¿ n studi«sum ill§tus stuff (junk) n»g·ae |§rum fpl suffer tr fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; suffer stumble over new words nova verba punishment poenam dare ¶ intr offend·« |ere |¿ pat·ior |¿ passus sum; suffer from dol·e« |¡re |u¿ (+ abl of ailment or sturgeon accip¡ns·er |eris m affected part), lab«r§re (+ abl); style mod·us |¿ m; go out of style suffering from oppress·us |a |um (+ exol¡sc·« |ere exol¡v¿ abl) subdirectory (comput) plic§rum sugar sacchar·um |¿ n; cube of sugar subind·ex |icis m cub·us |¿ m sacchar¿ subject (e.g., history, math, etc.) sugar bowl v§scul·um |¿ n sacchar¿ discipl¿n·a |ae f; (topic) suggest sub·ici« |icere |i¡c¿ |iectus; as arg»ment·um |¿ n; (gram) subiect·um |¿ n ; (topic studied) gen·us |eris n you suggest quemadmodum su§d¡s studi«rum, doctr¿n·a |ae f suggestion: at your suggestion t¡ subject matter m§teri·a |ae f auct«re subjunctive adj subi»nct¿v·us |a |um; suit synthes·is |is f; (leg) §cti·« |«nis f; subjunctive mood subi»nct¿vus bring a suit against s.o. §cti«nem mod·us |¿ m alicui inten·d« |dere |d¿ subjunctive s subi»nct¿v·us |¿ m suitcase risc·us |¿ m; (small suitcase) riscul·us |¿ m submarine n§v·is |is f submar¿na suite (of rooms) diaet·a |ae f subordinate conjunction s subi»nct¿va coni»ncti·« |«nis f sultry aestu«s·us |a |um subscribe subscr¿b·« |ere subscr¿ps¿ sum: to sum up ad summam or in summam or in summ§ substitute adj vic§ri·us |a [not neuter] summary summ§ri·um |¿ n, brevi§ri·um substitute s succ¡d§ne·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) |¿ n substitute tr (for) substitu·« |ere |¿ |tus summer adj aest¿v·us |a |um (pr« + abl) summer s aest·§s |§tis f subtract d¡trah·« |ere d¡trax¿ d¡tractus summer vacation f¡riae aest¿vae; spend suburb suburbi·um |¿ n the summer vacation f¡ri§s aest¿v§s subway ferrivi·a |ae f subterr§nea agere success r¡s, re¿ f f¡l¿citer gesta, r¡s bene summit cac»m·en |inis n gesta, succ¡ss·us |»s m sun s«l, s«lis m; full sun pl»rimus s«l such a t§l·is |is |e; such a big tant·us |a |um; such is the case r¡s s¡ ita habet sunbathe apr¿c·or |§r¿ sucker (fool) barcal·a |ae mf; take s.o. sunbathing apr¿c§ti·« |«nis f for a sucker alicui «s sublin« Sunday di·¡s |¡¿ m S«lis; (eccles) sublinere subl¡v¿ Dominica f 388 Conversational Latin sun glasses perspicill·a |«rum n s«l§ria surfboard tabul·a |ae f fl»ct¿vaga (or ¿nfusc§ta) surgeon ch¿rurg·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); the sunny apr¿c·us |a |um surgeon operated on her ch¿rurgus sunrise ort·us |»s m s«lis; at sunrise eam secuit s«le ort« surgery (the art) ch¿rurgi·a |ae f; sunset occ§s·us |»s m s«lis (practice) man·us |»s f; use surgery manum adhib¡re sunshine s«l, s«lis m surly mor«s·us |a um et difficil·is |is |e suntan adustus col·or |«ris m; get a suntan col«r§re surprise m¿r·um |¿ n superintendent (of a school district) surprised: be surprised that m¿r·or |§r¿ superintend·¡ns |entis mf; (of a |§tus sum (w acc + inf) building) pr«c»r§t·or |«ris m surrender intr s¡ d¡·d« |dere |did¿; superlative adj superl§t¿v·us |a |um force an enemy to surrender hostem in d¡diti«nem ven¿re c«g·« superlative s grad·us |»s m superl§t¿vus; |ere co¡g¿ co§ctus in the superlative superl§t¿v¡; give me “laetus” in the superlative d¿c surrender s d¡diti·« |«nis f “laetus” superl§t¿v¡ suspect s suspect·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) supermarket super¿nstit«ri·um |¿ n suspect tr suspic·i« |ere suspex¿ supine s sup¿n·um |¿ n suspectus supper c¡n·a |ae f; for supper in c¡nam suspense: be in suspense in susp¡ns« esse; not to keep you any longer in supplies comme§t·us |»s m (used both suspense n¡ di»tius in susp¡ns« as collective singular and in the pende§s plural); cut off the enemy’s supplies inter·cl»d« |cl»dere |cl»s¿ host¡s suspicion suspici·« |«nis f; come under comme§tibus suspicion in suspici«nem ven¿re supply: supply s.o. with men and arms suspicious suspic·§x |§cis; (suspected) alicui vir«s et arma ministr§re suspect·us |a |um suppose op¿n·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; I swallow hirund·« |inis f (see bird) suppose [parenthetical] ut op¿nor swamp pal·»s |»dis f sure adj cert·us |a |um; be sure to come swan cycn·us |¿ m (see bird) facit« (or fac) modo ut veni§s; for swap perm»t§re; swap places loca inter sure pr« cert«; I am sure that certus s¡ perm»t§re (-a) sum (+ acc & inf); know for sure certum (or pr« cert«) sci« sc¿re swarm (of bees, wasps, locusts) sc¿v¿ sc¿tus; I think but don’t know ex§m·en |inis n for sure op¿nor sed cert« nesci«; to swear in the soldiers m¿lit¡s sacr§ment« be sure nempe adig·« |ere ad¡g¿ ad§ctus surely cert¡, quidem, s§n¡ sweat intr s»d§re surf intr tabul§ fl»ctivag§ per summ§s sweat s s»d·or |«ris m; break a sweat und§s pr«l§b·or |¿ pr«l§psus sum ¿ns»d§re; no sweat! n«n lab«r«! General Vocabulary 389 sweat suit vest·is |is f gymnica swordfish xiphi·§s |ae m sweater th«r·§x |§cis m l§nius syllable s syllab·a |ae f; syllables form sweep the floor pav¿mentum verr·« |ere words syllabae faciunt dicti«n¡s |¿ versus sympathy: show sympathy for sweeper (soccer) l»s·or |«ris m l¿ber, commiser·or |§r¿ |§tus sum (+ acc) l»sr·¿x |¿cis f l¿bera symphony symph«ni·a |ae f sweet dulc·is |is |e symptom not·a |ae f, indici·um |¿ n sweetheart: my sweetheart volupt§s synagogue synag«g·a |ae f mea; oculus meus, ocellus meus; (in syntax s syntax·is |is f address) mea volupt§s, m¿ ocule, m¿ ocelle swell (up) (of limbs) turg·e« |¡re turs¿, T s¡ attoll·« |ere (opp: s¡ summittere) T-shirt tunicul·a |ae f sweltering aestu«s·us |a |um table m¡ns·a |ae f; set the table swim nat§re m¡nsam p«n·« |ere posu¿; sit down at the table m¡nsae ad·s¿d« |s¿dere swimming s nat§ti·« |«nis f (see |s¡d¿; wipe off the table m¡nsam Chapter V) perterg·« |ere perters¿ swimming instructor natand¿ magis·ter tablecloth mant¡l·e |is n |tr¿ m (·tra |trae f) table of contents ind·ex |icis m capitum swimming meet cert§m·en |inis n nat§t«rium tablet (for writing) tabul·a |ae f; (of medication) pastill·us |¿ m swimming pool pisc¿n·a |ae f table tennis (see Ping-Pong) swimsuit vest·is |is f balne§ris tableware ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl swim trunks sublig§cul·um |¿ n esc§ria balne§re tactics: change one’s tactics rati«nem swindle fraud§re; swindle s.o. out of bell¿ gerend¿ m»t§re aliquem fraud§re (+ abl) tail caud·a |ae f swindler pl§n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), fraud§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f taillight l»min·are |§ris n post¿cum swing intr oscill§re tailor (making clothes) vestific·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); (altering clothes) swing s oscill·um |¿ n sarcin§t·or |«ris m swipe (steal) surr·ipi« |ripere |ripu¿ tailor shop vestific¿n·a |ae f |reptus take tr (accept) accip·i« |ere acc¡p¿ Swiss Helv¡ti·us |a |um acceptus; (to a person or place) switch (electrical) m»t§tr·um |¿ n affer« afferre attul¿ all§tus; (to escort, Switzerland Helv¡ti·a |ae f lead) d»c·« |ere d»x¿ ductus; here, take it em, accipe; I can’t take it swivel chair sell·a |ae f versatilis anymore pat¿ neque« amplius; I take swollen tumid·us |a |um it (parenthetical) ut op¿nor; take 390 Conversational Latin

away (hope, freedom, sleep, life) talkative loqu·§x |§cis adim·« |ere ad¡m¿ ad¡mptus; take talk show spect§cul·um |¿ n down (notes, lecture) excipere; disput§t¿vum; (on radio) disput§ti·« (unfasten) ref¿g·« |ere ref¿x¿; take |«nis f radioph«nica for (regard as) hab¡re; take (a dog) for a walk d»cere; take in s.o. (con tall pr«c¡r·us |a |um; be a head taller s.o.) alicui verba dare; take into than t«t« vertice esse supr§ (+ acc); consideration respic·i« |ere resp¡x¿; he is tall stat»r§ pr«c¡r§ est, pr«c¡rus take it easy! parce! (pl: parcite!); est take it hard that graviter fer« ferre tank lac·us |»s m; (mil) autocurr·us |»s tul¿ (+ acc & inf); take off (clothes) m arm§tus exu« exuere exu¿ ex»tus; (clothes, tape s (adhesive) taeni·a |ae f adhaes¿va; shoes, ring) d¡trah« d¡trahere (audiotape) ph«notaeniol·a |ae f; d¡trax¿; take pains to in magn« (audiocasette) ph«nocas¡t·a |ae f; neg«ti« hab¡re (+ inf); take place f¿« make a tape ph«notaeniolam fier¿ factus sum; take pleasure in c«nficere capere laetitiam ex (+ abl); take upon oneself (to) in s¡ conferre (+ tape tr in ph«notaeniol§ imprim·« inf); the preposition “ad” takes the imprimere impress¿ impressus accusative case “ad” praepositi« tape recorder magn¡toph«n·um |¿ n, c§su¿ acc»s§t¿v« servit; they know cas¡toph«n·um |¿ n that they were taken in sciunt sibi target sc«p·us |¿ m data esse verba; this verb takes the accusative case hoc verbum tariff port«ri·um |¿ n coniungitur (or adiungitur) c§su¿ task op·us |eris n, p¡ns·um |¿ n acc»s§t¿v« ¶ intr take after similis esse (+ gen); take off (lit: go away) taste s (sense) gust§t·us |»s m; (flavor) ab·e« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿; (coll) apocul§re; sap·or |«ris m; (foretaste, sample) (of a plane) avol§re gust·us |»s m; lack of good taste d¡formit·§s |§tis f; this is not to my take-off (of a plane) §vol§ti·« |«nis f taste hoc n«n me¿ stomach¿ est talent ingeni·um |¿ n taste tr & intr sap·i« |ere |¿v¿ or |i¿; talented ingeni«s·us |a |um taste like sapere (+ acc) talk s serm·« |«nis m; (childish, silly, tax vect¿g·al |§lis n; collect taxes everyday) talk (puer¿lis, stultus, vect¿g§lia exig·« |ere ex¡g¿ ex§ctus; quotidi§nus) serm«; give a talk impose a tax on vect¿gal imp«n·« serm«nem hab¡re; have a talk with |ere imposu¿ impositus (+ dat); pay s.o. cum aliqu« d¿ligenter colloqu·or taxes vect¿g§lia p¡nsit§re |¿ colloc»tus sum; small talk tax collector ex§ct·or |«ris m, sermuncul·us |¿ m; that’s mere talk p»blic§n·us |¿ m verba istaec sunt taxi raed·a |ae f merit«ria talk tr & intr loqu·or |¿ loc»tus sum; talk back (to) ¿nsolenter respond·e« tea the·a |ae f |¡re |¿ (+ dat); talk s.th. over with teach (w. double acc) doc·e« |¡re |u¿ s.o. aliquid cum aliqu« communic§re |tus; teach Latin Lat¿n¡ doc¡re General Vocabulary 391 teacher magis·ter |tr¿ m (·tra |trae f) telephone book t¡leph«nicus ind·ex teachers’ room oec·us |¿ n magistr«rum |icis m; look in the telephone book (or magistr§rum) t¡leph«nicum indicem ¿nspic·i« |ere ¿nspex¿ teaching assistant magistrae (or magistr¿) adi»·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x telephone booth cell·a |ae f t¡leph«nica |tr¿cis f) telephone call (local, long-distance) teaching method docend¿ rati·« |«nis f t¡leph«n¡m·a |atis n (loc§le, longinquum) teacup pocill·um |¿ n the§num telephone conversation t¡leph«n¡m·a team turm·a |ae f |atis n teapot hirni·a |ae (or hirniol·a |ae) f telephone line c«nexi·« |«nis f the§na t¡leph«nica tear s lacrim·a |ae f; shed tears telephone number numer·us |¿ m lacrim§s profund·« |ere prof»d¿ t¡leph«nicus prof»sus telephone receiver auscult§bul·um |¿ n; tear tr scind·« |ere scid¿ scissus; I can’t pick up the receiver auscult§bulum tear myself away from my books in toll·« |ere sustul¿ libr¿s haer·e« |¡re haes¿; tear down telephone ring tinn¿t·us |»s m (building) diru·« |ere |¿ dir»tus; tear t¡leph«nicus to bits or pieces lani§re, d¿lacer§re; tear up (paper) discindere ¶ intr (to telescope t¡lescopi·um |¿ n rush) ru·« |ere |¿; (of clothes, etc.) television t¡lev¿si·« |«nis f; (set) scind·or |¿ scissus sum; tear along t¡lev¿s«ri·um |¿ n; turn on (turn off) the road viam vor§re the television t¡lev¿s«rium excit§re tease tax§re (exstingu·« |ere exst¿nx¿ exst¿nctus); turn down (up) the television vim teaspoon parvum cochle·§r |§ris n t¡lev¿s«ri¿ remitt·« |ere rem¿s¿ telephone adj t¡leph«nic·us |a |um (aug·e« |¡re aux¿); watch television telephone s t¡leph«n·um |¿ n; by t¡lev¿si«nem spect§re telephone t¡leph«nic¡; call s.o. on television audience t¡lev¿s«r·¡s |um mpl the telephone aliquem per television broadcast ¡missi·« |«nis f t¡leph«num voc§re; dial a number t¡lev¿sifica numerum (t¡leph«nicum) s¡lig·« |ere s¡l¡g¿ s¡l¡ctus; dial the area code television channel t¡lev¿s«rius can§l·is numerum praes¡l¡ct«rium s¡ligere; |is m speak with s.o. on the telephone television news t¡lediurn·a |«rum npl cum aliqu« t¡leph«nic¡ colloquor television program programm·a |atis n colloqu¿ colloc»tus sum; the t¡lev¿sificum telephone is ringing t¡leph«num tinnit; use a pay phone t¡leph«n« television screen quadr·um |¿ n mon¡t§l¿ »tor »t¿ »sus sum t¡lev¿s¿ficum telephone tr per t¡leph«num voc§re, television series seri·¡s |¡¿ f t¡lev¿sifica t¡leph«n« compell§re television set t¡lev¿s«ri·um |¿ n 392 Conversational Latin television viewer t¡lev¿s·or |«ris m tension contenti·« |«nis f; (anxiety) (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) §nxiet·§s |§tis f tell n§rr§re; tell about n§rr§re d¡ (+ tent tent«ri·um |¿ n abl); tell a lie mend§cium d¿cere; tell tenterhooks: be on tenterhooks anim¿ a secret s¡cr¡tum ¡loqu·or |¿ pend·e« |¡re pepend¿ ¡loc»tus sum; tell the truth v¡rum d¿cere term (expression) verb·um |¿ n; (semester) studi«rum spati·um |¿ n, temper ¿r§cundi·a |ae f; have a bad temper summ§ ¿r§cundi§ esse; keep s¡m¡str·e |is n; term of office one’s temper ¿r§cundiam cohib·e« spati·um |¿ n (temporis) magistr§t»s |¡re |u¿; lose one’s temper ¿r§cund§ terminal stati·« |«nis f termin§lis; efferor efferr¿ ¡l§tus sum (comput) termin§l·e |is n temperature temper§t»r·a |ae f; the terms condici«n·¡s |um fpl; be on temperature fell below thirty-two friendly terms with a country in degrees temper§t»ra l§psa est subter am¿citi§ popul¿ esse; I’m on good du«s et tr¿gint§ grad»s; the terms with in gr§ti§ sum cum (+ temperature is two degrees above abl); mihi cum (+ abl) magna freezing temper§t»ra est ad du«s necessit»d« est; on these terms h¿s grad»s supr§ p»nctum glaci§le; what condici«nibus, h¿s l¡gibus; stick by is the temperature? qu« grad» stat the terms in condici«nibus man·e« temper§t»ra? |¡re m§ns¿ temple templ·um |¿ n, aed·¡s |is f; terms of peace p§cis condici«n·¡s |um (anat) temp·us |oris n fpl; accept terms of peace p§cis ten decem [indecl]; ten times deci¡s condici«n¡s accipere (opp: tendon nerv·us |¿ m repudi§re); dictate terms of peace to p§cis condici«n¡s d¿cere (+ dat); tennis tenil»di·um |¿ n, tenisi·a |ae f; propose terms of peace p§cis play tennis tenisi§ l»dere (see condici«n¡s fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus Chapter V) tennis ball pil·a |ae f tenisiae terrace xyst·us |¿ m tennis court camp·us |¿ m tenil»di¿ terrain n§t»r·a |ae f loc¿ tennis doubles l»d·us |¿ m bis b¿n«rum terrible terribil·is |is |e tennis match cert§m·en |inis n tenil»di¿ terrific ex¿mi·us |a |um; terrific! euge! tennis net r¡t·e |is n tenisiae terrify terrific§re, terr·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus tennis player tenil»di·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) terror terr·or |«ris m tennis racket r¡ticul·um |¿ n test prob§ti·« |«nis f; flunk a test cad·« (manubri§tum) |ere cecid¿ in prob§ti«ne; pass a test prob§ti«nem sustin·e« |¡re |u¿ tenor cant·or |«ris m v«cis mediae testicle testicul·us |¿ m tense adj intent·us |a |um; (mentally) §nxi·us |a |um testy ¿r§cund·us |a |um tense s (gram) temp·us |oris n text (comput) text·us |»s m General Vocabulary 393 textbook li·ber |br¿ m schol§ris, ars, tunc maxim¡; then and there ¿lic«, artis f ibi continu« than (in comparisons) quam therapist therapeut·a |ae m (·ria |riae f) thank gr§ti§s agere (+ dat); no, thank therapy therap¿·a |ae f; therapy you benign¡; no, thank you just the treatment c»r§ti·« |«nis f same tam gr§tia est; thank heaven! therapeutica sit d¿s gr§tia!; thank you (familiar form) (for a future favor) am§b« t¡; there (position) ibi; (direction) ill»c (for a favor done) am« t¡; thank you therefore erg«, igitur for tibi gr§ti§s agere quod (+ indic); thermometer thermometr·um |¿ n thank you for helping me gr§ti§s tibi ag« quod m¡ i»vist¿ thick d¡ns·us |a |um thankful: I am thankful to you gr§tiam thief f»r, f»ris mf tibi habe«; you ought to be thankful thigh fem·ur |oris n to me gr§tiam habe§s mihi thimble digit§l·e |¿s n thanks gr§ti§s!; thanks, but no, thanks sed gr§tia est; thanks a lot! mult§s think put§re, c¡ns·e« |¡re |u¿, aestim§re; gr§ti§s!; no, thanks benign¡; thanks I don’t think so ego n«n put«; I a lot for t¡ multum am« quod (+ think so id op¿nor; think s.th. over indic); thanks a million! sescent§s aliquid s¡cum reput§re; think up gr§ti§s!; thanks for your gifts excogit§re; that is exactly what I gr§ti§s tibi d¡ d«n¿s tu¿s; thanks to think ita pr«rsus existim«; what do me (you, etc.) me§ (tu§, etc.) oper§ you think? quid c¡ns¡s? Thanksgiving Day di·¡s |¡¿ m thirty tr¿gint§ Gr§tul§ti«nis; Happy Thanksgiving! F¡l¿cem Diem Gr§tul§ti«nis (opt«)! this hic haec hoc that ill·e |a |ud; (sometimes pej) ist·e |a thought: on second thought cum ego |ud; is that so? itane est?; that’ll do recogit« sat est; that’s it! (enough!) tantum thread f¿l·um |¿ n; (comput) ser·i¡s |¡¿ f est!; that’s right (in response to a epistul§rum ¡lectronic§rum; hang by question) s¿c est; that’s so ita est a thread (fig) f¿l« pend·e« |¡re thaw tr dissolv·« |ere |¿ ¶ intr tab¡sc·« pepend¿ |ere tabu¿ thrifty fr»g§l·is |is |e, fr»g¿ [indecl] theater the§tr·um |¿ n; theater of war throat fauc·¡s |ium fpl bell¿ s¡d·¡s |is f throw conic·i« |ere coni¡c¿ coniectus; theft f»rt·um |¿ n throw out of the game § camp« theme (topic) m§teri·a |ae f, releg§re; throw the book at s.o. (fig) arg»ment·um |¿ n; (essay) tract§t·us summ« i»re cum aliqu« agere |»s m; write a theme tract§tum throw-in (soccer) iniect·us |»s m c«nscr¿bere (later§lis) then (and so) itaque; (at that time) tum; (in that case) igitur; (next) deinde, thrush turd·us |¿ m (see bird) deinceps; (therefore) erg«; just then thumb poll·ex |icis m 394 Conversational Latin thumb tack cuspidiol·a |ae f pollice tile l§min·a |ae f f¿ctilis ¿nf¿xa till prep »sque ad (+ acc), in (+ acc); till thunder impers v tonat ton§re tonuit late at night ad multam noctem; till thunder s tonitr·us |»s m late in the day ad multum diem; till the month of July in m¡nsem I»lium thunderbolt fulm·en |inis n till tr (the soil) col·« |ere |u¿ cultus Thursday di·¡s |¡¿ m Iovis time temp·us |oris n; (leisure) «ti·um |¿ Tiber Tiber·is |is (acc: Tiberim) m n; (age, period) aet·§s |§tis f; (of ticket tesser·a |ae f (itiner§ria); first- day) h«r·a |ae f; ahead of time ante class (second-class) ticket tessera tempus; a long time already (+ pr¿mae (secundae) classis; one-way present temse) iam d»dum, e.g., I’ve ticket tessera »n¿us curs»s; return been here a long time already iam ticket tessera redit»s; round-trip d»dum adsum; around the time of ticket tessera it»s redit»sque sub tempus (+ gen); ask the time ticket agent tesser§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) quaerere h«r§s; ask what time it is h«r§s inqu¿rere; at about the same ticket window «stiol·um |¿ n time sub idem tempus; at another tesser§rium time ali§s; at one time … at tide aest·us |»s m; high tide aest»s another ali§s … ali§s; at that time access·us |»s m; low tide aest»s ad id temporis, tum; at the right recess·us |»s m time tempest¿v¡; at the time when tidy adj mund·us |a |um qu§ tempest§te; at the wrong time intempest¿v¡; at times interdum; a tidy up «rdin§re very short time ago modo; before tie (necktie) f«c§l·e |is n time (prematurely) ante tempus; for tie adj (in a game) be tie par¡s esse a long time iam di»; for a short time brev¿ tempore; for some time tie tr lig§re, allig§re; (in a knot) nod§re; aliquamdi»; for the first time be tied down (e.g., with business) pr¿mum; for the last time extr¡mum; imped·ior |¿r¿ |¿tus sum; my money for the time being in tempus, pr« is tied up argentum occup§tum est; tempore; from that time on ex e«; tie back revinc·i« |¿re rev¿nx¿, from time to time subinde; he’s rev¿nctus; tie up (in work, etc.) having a good time by himself e¿ imped·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus bene est s«l¿; I always have time for tie-up (on the highway) affluenti·a |ae f semper vac« (+ dat); I haven’t the vehicul§ria time haud mihi «tium est; I’m tiger tigr·is |is or |idis m; tigers growl having a good (lousy) time mihi tigr¡s fremunt bene (male) est; in my spare time cum tempus subsic¿vum mihi est; in tight (knot, clothes) str¿ct·us |a |um; Roman times aet§te R«m§n§; I have (shoe) restr¿ct·us |a |um; (stingy) sordid·us |a |um no time tempus n«n est mihi; in a short time in brev¿ spati«; in good tight-fisted adstr¿ct·us |a |um time, in plenty of time m§t»r¡; in tight spot: be in a tight spot in (the course of) time tempore, angusti¿s esse pr«c¡dente tempore; it is high time General Vocabulary 395

for you to tempus maxim¡ est ut t» toaster tostr·um |¿ n (+ subj); make up for lost time toboggan scl«di·a |ae f cess§ta tempora corrig·« |ere corr¡x¿; not to have the time to «tium n«n toboggan run d¡curs·us |»s m scl«diae hab¡re (w. dat ger); once upon a today hodi¡; before today ante hunc time «lim; one time (once) semel; on diem; starting today ex h«c di¡ time temper¿; postpone to another toe digit·us |¿ m pedis; big toe poll·ex time differre in aliud tempus; see what time it is h«r§s ¿nspicere; |icis m spend time tempus s»mere (or agere toenail ungu·is |is m pedis or agit§re); some time ago d»dum, toga tog·a |ae f; (bright-white toga, pr¿dem; there is no time to study worn by candidates) toga candida; n«n vacat stud¡re; there is no time (worn by men and boys after the age to waste mat»r§t« opus est; there of about fifteen) toga vir¿lis or p»ra; was a time when (tempus) fuit cum; (toga with purple border, worn by waste time tempus per·d« |dere curule magistrates, by boys up to the |did¿; what time is it? quota h«ra age of manhood, and by girls until est? or quot h«rae sunt? while away marriage) toga praetexta; (toga the time tempus fall·« |ere fefell¿ embroidered with silver stars) toga times (use numeral adverbs) e.g., ten p¿cta; (toga of smooth cloth) toga times deci¡s; no more than three r§sa; receive the toga of manhood times ter nec amplius togam vir¿lem s»m·« |ere |ps¿ |tus timetable h«r§ri·um |¿ n toilet l§tr¿n·a |ae f; (public) foric·a |ae f; tin plumb·um |¿ n album, stann·um |¿ n flush the toilet l§tr¿nam pr«lu« tip ap·ex |icis m; (money) stip·s |is f; it pr«luere pr«lu¿; I must go to the was on the tip of the tongue erat in toilet mihi eundum est in l§tr¿nam; labr¿s pr¿m«ribus may I go to the toilet? licetne ¿re in l§tr¿nam?; sit on the toilet (hopper) tipsy ¡briol·us |a |um in sell§ famili§ric§ sed¡re tire cummeus canth·us |¿ m; put air in toilet bowl l§bell·um |¿ n intimum the tire cummeum canthum ¿nfl§re toilet paper chartul·a |ae f hygi¡nica tired fess·us |a |um toilet seat sell·a |ae f famili§rica tireless assidu·us |a |um toll (highway fee) vect¿g·al |§lis n rot§re tissue m»cinni·um |¿ n chartaceum toll booth tabern·a |ae f vect¿g§lis title (of a book) ¿nscr¿pti·« |«nis f; (of a rot§ris; rot§ri·um |¿ n person) appell§ti·« |«nis f toll call t¡leph«n¡m·a |atis n toad b»f·« |«nis m longinquum toast s p§n·is |is m tostus; (in drinking) toll road vi·a |ae f vect¿g§lis rot§ris prop¿n§ti·« |«nis f; drink a toast to prop¿n§re (+ dat); here’s to you! (as tomato lycopersic·um |¿ n a toast) bene t¡! (pl: bene v«s)! tomorrow cr§s, di·¡s |¡¿ m cr§stinus; toast tr (bread) torr·e« |¡re |u¿ tostus; day after tomorrow perendi¡; (drink to) propin§re (+ dat) tomorrow morning cr§s m§ne; 396 Conversational Latin

tomorrow night cr§s nocte; until touch tr tang·« |ere tetig¿ t§ctus; (to stir) tomorrow in cr§stinum mov·e« |¡re m«v¿ m«tus; touch tongue lingu·a |ae f deeply commov¡re tonight h§c nocte touch (sense) t§ct·us |»s m; put the final touches to ultimam (or tonsils tonsill·ae |§rum fpl summam) manum imp«n·« |ere too (excessively) nimis; (also) quoque imposu¿ impositus (+ dat) (comes after the word it emphasizes); touch-and-go anceps, ancipitis too bad about male (mehercule) d¡ touchdown: make a touchdown calcem (+ abl); too bad about Marcus! (or cr¡tam) atting·« |ere attig¿ male d¡ M§rc«! att§ctus tool ¿nstr»ment·um |¿ n; tools (comput) touchy (irritable) stomach«s·us |a |um; ¿nstr»ment·a |«rum npl (matter) l»bric·us |a |um toolbar ¿nstr»ment«rum tabell·a |ae f tough d»r·us |a |um tooth d¡ns, dentis m; tooth and nail toupee galericul·um |¿ n; wear a toupee (fig) t«t« corpore et omnibus ungul¿s gelericul« »tor, »t¿ »sus sum toothache dol·or |«ris m dentium tour s (in a foreign country) toothbrush p¡nicul·us |¿ m dent§rius peregr¿n§ti·« |«nis f; (e.g., of a factory) iter, itineris n; complete a toothpaste past·a |ae f dent§ria three-year tour of duty triennium toothpick dentiscalpi·um |¿ n m¿litiae expl·e« |¡re |¡v¿ |¡tus; tour top adj summ·us |a |um of duty m¿liti·a |ae f top tr super§re; to top it off in summ« tour bus coenautoc¿n¡t·um |¿ n perig¡ticum top s ap·ex |icis m; (of house) fast¿gi·um |¿ n; (of tree) cac»m·en tour guide mystag«g·us |¿ m, dux, ducis |inis n; at the top of one’s voice mf itiner§ri·us (-a) summ§ v«ce; at the top of the page tourist peregr¿n§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x ab summ§ p§gin§; on (the) top |tr¿cis f) supr§; on top of that qu¿n et, tourist class class·is |is f t»ristica ¿nsuper; top of the mountain tow truck carr·us |¿ m remulcand¿ summus m«n·s |tis m towel gausap¿n·um |¿ n; bath towel topaz top§zi·us |a |um gausap¿num balne§rium; hand towel topcoat superind»ment·um |¿ n manutergi·um |¿ n topic m§teri·a |ae f, r¡s, re¿ f tower turr·is |is f topography loc«rum d¡scr¿pti·« |«nis f town oppid·um |¿ n; (in Italy, subject to topsy-turvy: everything was topsy- Rome, but self-governed) turvy omnia erant s»rsum deorsum; m»nicipi·um |¿ n; small town turn everything topsy-turvy omnia oppidul·um |¿ n s»rsum deorsum vers§re town hall c»ri·a |ae f m»nicip§lis tornado turb·« |inis m toy l»dibri·um |¿ n General Vocabulary 397 trace s vestigi·um |¿ n translate tr (con)vert·« |ere |¿ trace tr ind§g§re; (outline) d¡l¿ne§re; (con)versus, tr§nsfer« tr§nsferre trace back repet·« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tus tr§nstul¿ tr§nsl§tus; translate from Latin to English ex Lat¿n« in track ind§g§re; track down s.th. aliquid Anglicum (con)vertere ind§g§re translation s tr§nsl§t·a |«rum npl; (act track vestigi·um |¿ n; (wheel-track, rut) of translating) tr§nsl§ti·« |«nis f orbit·a |ae f; (path) semit·a |ae f; (the sport) curs»r·a |ae f; (course laid out transparency p§gin·a |ae f pell»cida for runners) curricul·um |¿ n (see transportation vect»r·a |ae f Chapter V), (of a railroad) orbit·a travel iter facere; travel by car (train, |ae f ferrivi§ria plane, ship) autoc¿n¡t« (tr§mine, tractor tractr·um |¿ n §ëroplan«, n§v¿) vehor veh¿ vectus trade merc§t»r·a |ae f; (profession) sum artifici·um |¿ n travel agency s¡d·¡s |is f peri¡g¡tica trade union syndic§t·us |»s m travel agent itinerum pr«c»r§·tor |t«ris traffic comme§t·us |»s m vehicul«rum; m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) heavy traffic celebrit·§s |§tis f viae traveler vi§t·or |«ris m, vi§tr·¿x |¿cis f; (or vi§rum); frequenti·a |ae f (abroad) peregr¿n§t·or |«ris m, vehicul«rum peregr¿n§tr·¿x |¿cis f traffic cop vigil |is mf vi§t«ri·us (-a) tray fercul·um |¿ n traffic jam affluenti·a |ae f vehicul§ria treason pr«diti·« |«nis f traffic light s¡maphor·um |¿ n (red treat (person, subject) tract§re; rubrum; yellow fl§vum; green viride) (medically) c»r§re trailer home habit§cul·um, |¿ n treatment tract§ti·« |«nis f; (for) remulc§tum c»r§ti·« |«nis f (+ gen of illness) train s tr§m·en |inis n (ferrivi§rium); a treaty foed·us |eris n; according to the through train tr§men d¿r¡ctum terms of the treaty ex pact«, ex train tr (for physical proficiency) foedere; break a treaty foedus exercit§re ¶ intr s¡ exercit§re frang·« |ere fr¡g¿ fractus; conclude a trainer (of athletes) exercit·or |«ris m, treaty with foedus ¿c« ¿cere ¿c¿ ictus exercitr·¿x |¿cis f or fer·i« |¿re cum (+ abl); violate a treaty foedus viol§re train schedule h«r§ri·um |¿ n tr§minum tree arb·or |oris f train station stati·« |«nis f ferrivi§ria treetop cac»m·en |inis n train ticket tesser·a |ae f ferrivi§ria tremble trem·« |ere |u¿; tremble all tramp larifug·a |ae m over contrem·« |ere |u¿ trampoline d¡sult«ri·um |¿ n trend incl¿n§ti·« |«nis f transfer to (another train, etc.) trial quaesti·« |«nis f, i»dici·um |¿ n; be tr§nscend·« |ere |¿ in (+ acc) on trial for i»dicium d¡ (+ abl) transitive tr§nsit¿v·us |a |um sub·e« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿; be on trial for 398 Conversational Latin

one’s life i»dicium d¡ capite sub¿re; more trouble amplius neg«t¿; what’s conduct a trial quaesti«nem the trouble? quid illuc mal¿ est? or exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ |itus; go on trial in quid est neg«t¿? i»s e« ¿re i¿ or ¿v¿ troubled exercit§t·us |a |um trial lawyer causidic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) trousers br§c·ae |§rum fpl tribune of the people trib»n·us |¿ m trout truct·us |¿ m, truct·a |ae f pl¡bis trowel trull·a |ae f tribunician power trib»nicia potest·§s |§tis f truce ind»ti·ae |§rum fpl; a six-years’ truce ind»tiae ann«rum sex; break a tributary fluvi·us |¿ m; the Allia is a truce ind»ti§s viol§re; make a truce tributary of the Tiber Allia Tiberim ind»ti§s facere ¿nfluit truck autoc¿n¡t·um |¿ n oner§rium, trick dol·us |¿ m; be up to some tricks autocarr·um |¿ n lasc¿v·us |a |um esse; is this a trick? num hoc est capti«?; play tricks on truck driver, trucker autoc¿n¡t¿ oner§ri¿ l»d«s facere (+ dat) gubern§t·or |«ris m tricky dol«s·us |a |um true v¡r·us |a |um; that’s true r¡s ita est or ita profect« est tricycle trirot·a |ae f trip iter, itineris n; take a trip iter trumpet (musical instrument) tub·a |ae facere f; (of an elephant) barr¿t·us |»s m tripod trip·¡s |edis m ph«tographicus trumpet intr (of an elephant) barr·i« |¿re trolley curr·us |»s m ¡lectricus trunk (of a tree) trunc·us |¿ m; (of a car) recept§cul·um |¿ n sarcin§rum; trombone tub·a |ae f ductilis (for clothes) cist·a |ae f; (of an trouble sollicit§re; I don’t want to elephant) man·us |»s f trouble you n«l« tibi molestus (-a) trust s fid·¡s |e¿ f, bona fid·¡s |e¿ f; put esse one’s trust in (c«n)f¿dere (+ dat) trouble s (annoyance) molesti·a |ae f, trust tr f¿d·« |ere f¿sus sum (semi- mal·um |¿ n; (when the idea of deponent) (+ dat or abl) difficulty predominates) lab·or |«ris m; (effort, pains) oper·a |ae f; be in trusting c«nf¿d·¡ns |entis trouble lab«r§re; cause s.o. big trustworthiness f¿d»ci·a |ae f trouble molestiam gravem alicui trustworthy locupl·¡s |¡tis adhib·e« |¡re |u¿ or exhibe«; have stomach trouble stomach« lab«r§re; trusty f¿d·us |a |um, firm·us |a |um get s.o. into trouble aliquem in truth v¡r·um |¿ n; to tell the truth ut aerumnam obser·« |ere obs¡v¿; if it is v¡ra (or v¡rum) d¿cam (or loquar) no trouble s¿ grave n«n erit; I’m expecting some big trouble nesci« truthful v¡ridic·us |a |um quod magnum malum exspect«; it’s try tempt§re, con·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; try not worth the trouble n«n est a case (of) causam cogn«sc·« |ere pretium operae; make big trouble cogn«v¿ cognitus (d¡ + abl); try on for s.o. dare magnum malum alicui; (clothes) induend« prob§re; try one’s General Vocabulary 399

best to (not to) operam d« dare ded¿ turtle test»d·« |inis f ut (n¡) (+ subj); try one’s patience tutor s domesticus praecept·or |«ris m, patienti§ ab»t·or |¿ ab»sus sum domestica praeceptr·¿x |¿cis f trying (tough) exercit§t·us |a |um; tutor tr pr¿v§tim ¿nstitu·« |ere |¿ |tus (annoying) molest·us |a |um TV (see television) tuberculosis phithis·is |is f TV room concl§v·e |is n t¡lev¿s«ri« tuck up succing·« |ere succ¿nx¿ ¿nstructum succ¿nctus tweezers volsell·a |ae f Tuesday di·¡s |¡¿ m M§rtis twilight crepuscul·um |¿ n tuna thunn·us |¿ m two duo, duae, duo; two each b¿n·¿ tunnel (for trains, cars) spec·us |»s m |ae |a (ferrivi§rius, autoc¿n¡ticus) two-faced dupl·ex |icis, bilingu·is |is |e turkey gallop§v·« |«nis m; talk turkey with Lat¿n¡ loqu·or |¿ loc»tus sum two-time fraud§re cum (+ abl) two-timer ¿nfid¡l·is |is mf turn s (in the road) flex·us |»s m viae; a type s gen·us |eris n; (print) typ·us |¿ m; good turn benefici·um |¿ n; in turn that type of person ist¿us generis invicem; it’s your turn now nunc t¡ hom« «rd« vocat; out of turn extr§ type tr dactylograph§re «rdinem; take a turn for the worse in d¡terius incl¿n§r¿; take turns typesetter typothet·a |ae m driving invicem (or per vic¡s, in typewriter dactylographi·um |¿ n vic¡s) gubern§re typewriter key malleol·us |¿ m; press a turn tr (con)vert·« |ere |¿; turn down key malleolum d¡prim·« |ere (reject) repudi§re; turn in weapons d¡press¿ (or puls§re) arma tr§d·« |ere tr§did¿ tr§ditus; turn typing dactylographica ar·s |tis f off (a light, computer) exstingu·« |ere exst¿nx¿ exst¿nctus; turn on (a typist dactylograph·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) light) accend·« |ere |¿; (a computer) excit§re; turn upside down subvertere ¶ intr vert·or |¿ versus U sum; turn around convert¿; turn udder »b·er |eris n into m»t§r¿ in (+ acc); turn out fine ugh! vah!; heu! bell¡ cad« |ere cecid¿ c§s»rus; something will turn up, I hope fiet ugliness d¡formit·§s |§tis f aliquid, sp¡r« ugly d¡form·is |is |e, turp·is |is |e turn-off d¡verticul·um |¿ n uh-oh! (when taken by surprise) attat!; turnpike autoc¿n¡tica vi·a |ae f attatae! quadripert¿ta umbrella umbell·a |ae f turn signal ind·ex |icis m d¿r¡cti«nis umpire arbit·er |r¿ m (·ra |rae f) turquoise turcic·us |a |um unanimous »nanim·is |is |e 400 Conversational Latin unanimously »n§ v«ce, omnibus United States (of America) Ûn¿t¿ Stat»s sententi¿s (Americae) (gen: Ûn¿t«rum Statuum) unattractive invenust·us |a |um mpl; C¿v¿t§t·¡s |um fpl Foeder§tae Americae uncle (father’s brother) patru·us |¿ m; universe »nivers·um |¿ n, »niversit·§s (mother’s brother) avuncul·us |¿ m |§tis f uncontrolled effr¡n§t·us |a |um university (studi«rum) »niversit·§s uncouth horrid·us |a |um |§tis f underbrush d»m¡t·a |«rum npl unpleasant ini»cund·us |a |um underpants br§c·ae |§rum fpl interi«r¡s unprovoked ultr« underpass viaeduct·us |»s m unrestrained effr¡n§t·us |a |um, undershirt (worn by both sexes) eff»s·us |a |um sub»cul·a |ae f unstable ¿nstabil·is |is |e understand intelleg·« |ere intell¡x¿ unsteady (tottering) cad»c·us |a |um intell¡ctus; do you understand now? unsubscribe (comput) cess§re iam ten¡s?; I don’t quite understand n«n satis intelleg«; until conj d«nec “ego” is understood if I should say, until prep »sque ad (+ acc) “sum philosophus” subaud¿tur “ego” untrustworthy ¿nf¿d·us |a |um s¿ d¿cam “sum philosophus” up s»rsum; up in the air (in undertaker poll¿nct·or |«ris m (·r¿x uncertainty) in medi« relict·us |a |r¿cis f) |um; be up in the air (to be underwear sub»cul·a |ae f undecided) pende« pend¡re pepend¿; undress exu« exuere exu¿ ex»tus; get up till now anteh§c undressed s¡ exuere, vestimenta upbringing ¡duc§ti·« |«nis f exuere uphill adj accl¿v·is |is |e; have an uneducated in¡rud¿t·us |a |um, uphill struggle cl¿v« lab«r§re indoct·us |a |um uphill adv adversus cl¿vum, in collem unfair in¿qu·us |a |um upholstery t«ment·um |¿ n unfairly in¿qu¡ uproar tumult·us |»s m; be in an unfaithful ¿nfid¡l·is |is |e uproar tumultu§r¿ unfriendly inim¿c·us |a |um ups and downs: he has his ups and downs e¿ modo bene, modo male est; ungrateful ingr§t·us |a |um there are ups and downs est modo unhappiness ¿nf¡l¿cit·§s |§tis f s¿c, modo s¿c unhappy ¿nf¡l·¿x |¿cis [single-ending upset adj comm«t·us |a |um; don’t be adj] upset n«l¿ (pl: n«l¿te) perturb§r¿ uniform «rn§t·us |»s m; in uniform upset s (at the polls) off¡nsi·« |«nis f; sub«rn§t·us |a |um; military suffer an upset off¡nsi«nem fer« uniform «rn§t·us |»s m m¿lit§ris ferre tul¿ l§tus General Vocabulary 401 upset tr commov·e« |¡re comm«v¿ agere; summer vacation f¡riae comm«tus, perturb§re aest¿vae, vac§ti« aest¿va upsetting: that was more upsetting to vaccinate vacc¿n§re me than to you illud mihi m§i«r¿ vaccination vacc¿n§ti·« |«nis f stomach« erat quam tibi vaccine vacc¿n·um |¿ n upside down: everything was upside down omnia erant s»rsum deorsum; vacuum cleaner pulveris haur¿t«ri·um turn upside down s»rsum deorsum |¿ n vers§re valley vall·¡s (or vall·is) |is f upstairs (direction) s»rsum; (position) valuable preti«s·us |a |um; be valuable in superi«re tabul§t«; go upstairs pretium hab¡re sc§l¿s (or per sc§l§s) ascend·« |ere |¿; vampire sanguis»g·a |ae m the upstairs dom·us |»s f superior various vari·us |a |um upstairs bedroom cubicul·um |¿ n superius vary vari§re urge s anim¿ impet·us |»s m VCR magn¡toscopi·um |¿ n urge tr urg·e« |¡re urs¿ veal vitul¿n·a |ae f URL Ûnivers§le R¡rum Loc§tr·um |¿ n, vegetable hol·us |eris n [also collective ¿nscr¿pti·« |«nis f interr¡ti§lis for vegetables] use s it’s no use ¿licet; make the best vegetable garden hort·us |¿ m holit«rius use of optim¡ »tor »t¿ »sus sum (+ vegetarian holer§rius |a |um abl); what’s the use? quid opus est? Veii V¡i·¿ |«rum mpl use tr »tor »t¿ »sus sum (+ abl); (e.g. a word in a sentence) p«n« p«nere veil v¡l·um |¿ n posu¿ positus; use “leg«” in a vein v¡n·a |ae f; in a similar vein ad sentence p«ne “leg«” in sententi§. similem sententiam usual adj solit·us |a |um; you were Venetian blinds tr§nsenn·a |ae f wrong as usual err§b§s ut sol¡b§s vol»bilis; open (close, let down, (or ex c«nsuet»dine tu§) raise aper¿re, claudere, d¡mittere, usually pl¡rumque subvolvere) utter adj t«t·us |a |um venison v¡n§ti·« |«nis f utter tr ¡mitt·« |ere ¡m¿s¿ ¡missus, verb s verb·um |¿ n pr«fer« pr«ferre pr«tul¿ pr«l§tus; she verbal verb§l·is |is |e never uttered a word nullum verdict sententi·a |ae f; give a guilty verbum ¡m¿sit. verdict condemn§t«riam sententiam fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; give a verdict of V acquittal absol»t«riam sententiam ferre vacation vac§ti·« |«nis f, f¡ri·ae |§rum fpl; at the end of vacation f¡ri¿s vertebra vertebr·a |ae f per§ct¿s; be on vacation f¡ri§t·us |a very admodum, vald¡; very good |um esse; spend the vacation f¡ri§s optim·us |a |um; very good! 402 Conversational Latin

optim¡!; very well! (in agreement) violin f¿dicul·a |ae f, viol¿n·a |ae f; play fiat! the violin viol¿n§ can« canere cecin¿ vestibule v¡stibul·um |¿ n violinist viol¿nist·a |ae m (·ria |riae f) veteran veter§n·us |¿ m (·a |ae f), virtual v¡r·us |a |um ¡merit·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) virtually propemodum veterinarian veterin§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) visit v¿s·« |ere |¿ |us, v¿sit§re; go to veto s intercessi·« |«nis f; interpose a visit, pay a visit to v¿sere veto interc¡d·« |ere intercess¿ visitor hosp·es |itis mf veto tr interc¡d·« |ere intercess¿ (+ dat) vitamin vitam¿n·um |¿ n vice viti·um |¿ n, pr§vit·§s |§tis f; (tool) vocabulary voc§bul·a |«rum npl, c«pi·a retin§cul·um |¿ n |ae f verb«rum vice principal see principal vocative s voc§t¿vus |¿ m, c§s·us |»s m voc§t¿vus victorious vict·or |«ris m, victr·¿x |¿cis f; be victorious vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ voice s v«x, v«cis f; (of a verb) gen·us |eris n; what voice is “aud¿mur”? victory vict«ri·a |ae f; gain (or win) a passive c»ius generis est “aud¿mur”? victory vict«riam adip¿sc·or |¿ pass¿v¿ [NOTE—“genus,” in adeptus sum; gain (or win) a victory connection with nouns and adjectives over the enemy vict«riam report§re means “gender,” and in connection ab hoste with verbs means “voice”] video cassette cas¡t·a |ae f volleyball foll·is |is m vol§tilis; (game) magn¡toscopica; listen to (play) a l»s·us |»s m follis vol§tilis; play video cassette aud·i« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ volleyball folle vol§til¿ l»dere (see |¿tus (¡volv·« |ere |¿) cas¡tam Chapter V) magn¡toscopiam volt v«lti·um |¿ n video cassette recorder (VCR) volunteer intr (mil) sponte n«men dare; magn¡toscopi·um |¿ n volunteer to do s.th. aliquid ultr« video game l»s·us |»s m facere magn¡toscopicus; play video games volunteer s volunt§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f); l»s»s magn¡tocopic«s l»dere (mil) m¿l·¡s |itis mf volunt§ri·us (|a) videotape taeniol·a |ae f vomit vom·« |ere |u¿ vomitum magn¡toscopica vote intr suffr§gium fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; vigorous alac·er |ris |re (of a senator) c¡ns·e« |¡re |u¿; vote villa v¿ll·a |ae f for suffr§g§r¿ (+ dat); vote for s.o.’s motion (of an individual senator) in village v¿c·us |¿ m alic»ius sententiam e« ¿re i¿ or ¿v¿ vinegar ac¡t·um |¿ n vote s suffr§gi·um |¿ n; a vote was vinegar bottle ac¡t§bul·um |¿ n taken on his motion (in the senate by moving to one side of the violence violenti·a |ae f chamber) discessi« facta est in eius violent violent·us |a |um sententiam; call for a vote (in the General Vocabulary 403

senate) discessi«nem facere; cast a wallet p¡r·a |ae f vote suffr§gium fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus; wallop (coll) percolop§re; get walloped give s.o. a vote of confidence alicui vapul§re calculum album fer« ferre tul¿ l§tus wallow vol»t·or |§r¿ |§tus sum voter suffr§g§·tor |t«ris m (·tr¿x |tr¿cis f) walnut i»gl·§ns |andis f voting booth saept·um |¿ n waltz intr salt§re in gyrum vowel voc§l·is |is f waltz s salt§ti·« |«nis f in gyrum vulture vult·ur |uris m (see bird) want cup·i« |ere cup¿v¿ cup¿tus; vol« velle volu¿; now what do you want? W quid nunc tibi v¿s? waffle v§fl·um |¿ n war (against or with) bell·um |¿ n wages merc·¡s |¡dis f; receive (fair, (contr§ or adversus (+ acc) or cum (+ good, low, poor, unfair) wages abl); be involved in a war bell« (aequam, magnam, parvam, in¿quam) implic§r¿; bring a war to a merc¡dem accipere; pay wages successful conclusion bellum merc¡dem tribu·« |ere |¿ c«nfic·i« |ere c«nf¡c¿ c«nfectus; carry on war with bellum ger·« |ere wagon carr·us |¿ m; (for agricultural gess¿ gestus cum (+ abl); cause a purposes) plaustr·um |¿ n war bellum mov·e« |¡re m«v¿ m«tus; wait exspect§re; wait a minute, please! civil war bellum c¿v¿le or man¡; man¡ dum, quaes«!; wait for domesticum; conduct a war (of a exspect§re (+ acc); wait on general) bellum administr§re; ministr§re (+ dat); wait on tables declare war on bellum ind¿c·« |ere ministr§re ind¿x¿ indictus (+ dat); drag out a war bellum trah·« |ere trax¿ tractus; waiter minist·er |r¿ m end a war bellum perfic·i« |ere waiting room oec·us |¿ m perf¡c¿ perfectus; fight a war with praest«l§t«rius bellum ger·« |ere gess¿ gestus cum (+ waitress ministr·a |ae f abl); fight a war of aggression with bellum or arma ultr« ¿nfer« ¿nferre wake up tr (¡ somn«) excit§re ¶ intr intul¿ ill§tus (+ dat); foreign war experg¿sc·or |¿ experrectus sum; bellum externum; go off to war ¡vigil§re profic¿sc·or |¿ profectus sum ad walk intr ambul§re; walk up and down bellum; go to war with bellum ¿nfer« d¡ambul§re ¿nferre intul¿ ill§tus (+ dat); guerilla walk s (act) d¡ambul§ti·« |«nis f; war bellum clandest¿num; in war (place) ambul§cr·um |¿ n; go for a bell«, bell¿ tempore; in war and in walk d¡ambul§re, d¡ambul§tum e« peace p§ce bell«que; offensive war ¿re ¿v¿ (of war yet to be begun) bellum ultr« ¿nferendum; (of war already begun) wall m»r·us |¿ m; (inner or outer wall of bellum ultr« ill§tum; prepare for a house) pari¡s, parietis m; walls (of war bellum (com)par§re; start a war a town) moen·ia |ium npl with bellum in·e« |¿re |¿v¿ or |i¿ cum wall clock h«rologi·um |¿ n pariet§rium (+ abl); stir up a war bellum 404 Conversational Latin

incit§re; take part in a war bellum time and effort lab«rem ac tempora capess·« |ere; terminate a war by perdere diplomacy bellum comp«n·« |ere waste basket scirpicul·us |¿ m chart§rius composu¿ compositus; wage war with bellum ger·« |ere gess¿ gestus watch s h«rologi·um |¿ n cum (+ abl); war against pirates watch tr (guard) cust«d·i« |¿re |¿v¿ |¿tus; bellum p¿r§ticum; war against slaves (observe) spect§re, observ§re; hey bellum serv¿le; war is imminent you, watch out! heus t», cav¡! bellum imminet or impendet or water s aqu·a |ae f ¿nstat; war of extermination bellum internec¿num; war breaks out water pipe fistul·a |ae f aqu§ria bellum ex§rd¡scit water-ski intr per summ§s und§s nart§re wardrobe (place to keep clothes) water-ski s nart·a |ae f aquatica (see vesti§ri·um |¿ n; (clothes) Chapter V) vestiment·a |«rum npl water tr (flowers, etc.) adaqu§re warehouse apoth¡c·a |ae f waterfall cataract·a |ae f wares merc·¡s |ium fpl watering can nassitern·a |ae f warfare bell·um |¿ n, m¿liti·a |ae f watermelon m¡lopep·« |«nis m warm adj (quite warm) calid·us |a |um; watt vatti·um |¿ n (lukewarm) tepid·us |a |um; (fig) wave a flag vexillum quass§re fervid·us |a |um; it is getting warm tep¡scit wax c¡r·a |ae f warm tr calefacere, tepefacere wax tr incer§re warm-hearted am·§ns |antis wax paper chart·a |ae f c¡r§ta way (road) vi·a |ae f; (route) iter, warmly dressed spiss¿s vestibus itineris n; (manner) mod·us |¿ m; all invol»t·us |a |um the way from »sque ab (+ abl); all warm-up exercit§ti·« |«nis f the way to »sque ad (+ acc); be a warship n§v·is |is f bellica long way off long¡ dist§re; be in the way obvi·us |a |um esse; (to hinder) wash s lavand§ri·a |«rum npl ob·st« |st§re |stet¿; be on the way to wash tr lav·« |§re l§v¿ lautus ¶ intr iter hab¡re ad (+ acc); by the way lav§r¿, s¡ lav§re obiter; by way of vi§ (+ gen); get washcloth drapp·us |¿ m lav§t«rius out of the way! Apage!; have it your way! est« ut lubet!; have one’s washer, washmachine m§chin·a |ae f own way r¡s pr« arbitri« ger·« |ere lav§t«ria gess¿; he must always have his own wasp vesp·a |ae f way semper faciendum est quod vult; if it’s not too much out of the way waste s (of time, money) iact»r·a |ae f for you s¿ tibi n«n s§n¡ d¡vium erit; waste tr (time, effort) perd·« |ere perdid¿ I’m in a bad way mihi male est; in perditus; I’m wasting my time the same way e«dem mod«; is that frustr§ tempus conter«; waste one’s the way you help me? ist«cine pact« breath (fig) operam perdere; waste m¡ adiuv§s?; no way! null« mod«; General Vocabulary 405

on one’s way inter vi§s; what is the n; wedding reception conv¿vi·um |¿ quickest (best) way to … ? quae est n n»pti§le via brevissima (optima) ad (+ acc)? wedding s n»pti·ae |§rum fpl weak ¿nfirm·us |a |um, imb¡cill·us |a Wednesday di·¡s |¡¿ m Mercuri¿ |um, invalid·us |a |um; weak constitution tenuis valet»d·« |inis f; week hebdom·as, hebdomadis f, septim§n·a |ae f weak voice ex¿lis v«x, v«cis f weekday di·¡s |¡¿ m pr«f¡stus wealth d¿viti·ae |§rum fpl weekend f¿n·is |is m hebdomadis; on wealthy d¿v·es |itis the weekend exeunte hebdomade weapons (offensive) t¡l·a |«rum npl; weekly adv (every week) singul¿s (defensive) arm·a |«rum npl hebdomadibus wear ger·« |ere gess¿ gestus, gest§re; weekly hebdomad§l·is |s |e; weekly (wear regularly) »tor »t¿ »sus sum (+ newspaper di§ri·um |¿ n abl); wearing a belt z«n§ inc¿nct·us hebdomad§le; weekly wages mer·c¡s |a |um; wear out (clothes, a person) |c¡dis f per singul§s hebdomad¡s conter·« |ere contr¿v¿ contr¿tus sol»ta weasel must¡l·a |ae f weight lifting subl§ti·« |«nis f ponderis weather s (good or bad) tempest·§s |§tis welcome adj gr§t·us |a |um; welcome! f, cael·um |¿ n; kinds of weather adventus tuus gr§tissimus est! or tempest§t¡s; owing to changes in the salv¡!; you’re welcome libenter weather propter cael¿ variet§t¡s; welcome tr benign¡ ex·cipi« |cipere beautiful (clear, cloudless, cloudy, |c¡p¿ |ceptus fine, foul, lousy, rainy) weather egregia (cl§ra, s»da, nebul«sa ser¡na, well adj salv·us |a |um; get well again foeda, spurca, pluvi«sa) tempest§s conval¡sc·« |ere convalu¿ weather tr weather the storm well adv bene, r¡ct¡; I am doing well procellam d»r§re; (fig) r¡s advers§s mihi bene est; well done! factum super§re optim¡!; well said! fac¡t¡ dictum! weather conditions tempest§t·¡s |um fpl well interj em, imm«, qu¿n; (be it so) est«; well, well enim v¡r« weather forecast praen»nti§ti·« |«nis f well-born honest·us |a |um tempest§tis, praes§gi·um |¿ n tempest§tis well-heeled bene aer§t·us |a |um weather report ren»nti§ti·« |«nis f well-mannered bene m«r§t·us |a |um tempest§tis well-off bene aer§tus |a |um web r¡t·e |is n west occid·¡ns |entis m; in the west ab website sit·us |»s m interr¡ti§lis occidente; to the west in occidentem versus [versus is an adverb] wedding adj n»pti§l·is |is |e; wedding day di·¡s |¡¿ m n»pti§rum; wedding western occident§l·is |is |e gown vest·is |is m n»pti§lis; westward in occidentem versus [versus wedding present n»pti§le d«n·um |¿ is an adverb] 406 Conversational Latin west wind Zephyr·us |¿ m whiff s (slight smell) od·or |«ris m; get whack (coll) percolop§re a wiff of subol·e« |¡re |u¿ whale balaen·a |ae f while conj dum (with pres indic to indicate an action going on in the what quid, c»ius; what about me? quid past) d¡ m¡?; what about the dough (money)? quid d¡ argent«?; what a while s after a little while paul« post; a mess! eu edepol r¡s turbulent§s!; little while before paul« ante; a short while ago paul« ante what do you take me for? for a fool? pr« qu« m¡ hab¡s? pr« stult«?; while tr while away the time fall·« |ere what else quid amplius; quid aliud; fefell¿ tempus what else can I do for you? quid est whimper (of pups) gann·i« |¿re quod tibi efficere possum amplius?; whine plor§re what for? quam ob rem? or qu§ caus§? what is it? (what’s the whip s flagell·um |¿ n probem?) quid est neg«t¿?; what is whip tr flagell§re; whip out ¡rip·i« |ere it? out with it! quid id est? cedo!; |u¿ ¡reptus what (is the trouble) now? quid whipped cream cr¡m·um |¿ n batt»tum iam?; what kind of qu§l·is |is |e; what next? quid deinde? what sort whipping: get a whipping vapul§re of qu§l·is |is |e; what’s it to me how whiskers vibriss·ae |§rum fpl you … quid istuc ad m¡ attinet, whisky vischi·um |¿ n qu«modo t» (+ subj)?; what’s that? (what did you say?) quid id est?; whisper s susurr·us |¿ m what’s that to you? quid ad t¡ whisper tr & intr susurr§re attinet?; what’s the matter? quid whistle s (sound) sibil·us |¿ m; (pipe) est?; what’s the reason why … quid fistul·a |ae f; blow the whistle est quod (+ indic); what’s up? quid fistul§ sibil§re; final (starting) re¿ est?; what’s wrong? quid est? whistle f¿n§lis (initi§lis) sibilus (see whatever quidquid; whatever! quidv¿s! Chapter V) wheat tr¿tic·um |¿ n whistle tr whistle a tune fistul§t« «re wheel rot·a |ae f can·« |ere cecin¿ ¶ intr sibil§re; (of the wind) str¿d·e« |¡re |¿ wheelbarrow pab·« |«nis m white alb·us |a |um; (shiny white) wheelchair sell·a |ae f rot§lis candid·us |a |um; white bread when conj cum, quand«, ubi, ut; p§n·is |is m candidus (interrog) quand«? who quis, c»ius; who are you? quis t» whenever quand«cumque, utcumque, hom« es?; who is he (she)? quis quoti¡ns, quoti¡scumque hom« est?; who is it? it’s I. quis where (direction) qu«; (position) ubi; hom« est? ego sum; who says so? from where unde; where are you quis hoc d¿cit factum?; who the devil from? unde es?; where on earth ubi quis malum terr§rum; ubinam gentium whoa! eho! General Vocabulary 407 whole t«t·us |a |um, c»nct·us |a |um; concili§re ¶ intr vincere; win out taken as a whole in summam (prevail) paeval·e« |¡re |u¿ wholesale magn§ri·us |a |um wind (a clock, watch) inten·d« |dere |d¿ wholesaler magn§ri·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) |tus or |sus whole-wheat bread autop£r·us |¿ m wind vent·us |¿ m; head wind ventus adversus; tail wind ventus secundus; why (interj) qu¿n; why, this very day wind storm procell·a |ae f; I got qu¿n hodi¡ wind of it long ago iam pr¿dem id why (interrog) c»r, quam ob rem, qu§ mihi subol¡bat caus§, qu§r¡; why is it that … quid winding flexu«s·us |a |um; winding est quod (+ indic); why not? route ambit·us |»s m (challenging what has been said) quid ita n«n? (as an expression of window (an opening for light and air, assent: of course) quippin¿? or closed by shutters) fenestr·a |ae f; quidn¿?; why say more? quid pl»ra?; (glass window) fenestra vitrea; why so? because … quid ita? quia (comput) fenestell·a |ae f … ; why the devil c»r malum window pane vitr·um |¿ n fenestrae, wicked improb·us |a |um quadr·um |¿ n vitreum wickedness improbit·§s |§tis f window seat s¡d·¡s |is f fenestr§lis wide l§t·us |a |um windpipe art¡ri·a |ae f aspera widen tr d¿lat§re ¶ intr (of a country) s¡ windshield vitr·um |¿ n anti§erium pand·« |ere windshield wiper vitritergi·um |¿ n width l§tit»d·« |inis f; in width in windy vent«s·us |a |um l§tit»dinem wife ux·or |«ris f wine v¿n·um |¿ n (dry aust¡rum; sweet dulce; red sanguineum; light tenue; wig capill§ment·um |¿ n white album) wild (animal) fer·us |a |um; (growing in wine cellar cell§ri·um |¿ n v¿n§rium the wild) agrest·is |is |e; (uncontrolled) effer§t·us |a |um wine glass hyal·us |¿ m v¿n§rius willing: be willing vol·« velle volu¿ wing (of a bird, of an army) §l·a |ae f; (of a building) lat·us |eris n willy-nilly n«l¡ns vol¡ns wink nict§re; wink at nict§re (+ dat) wily dol«s·us |a |um, subdol·us |a |um, va·fer |fra |frum winter adj h¿bern·us |a |um win s vict«ri·a |ae f; a win on points winter s hiem·s |is f; at the beginning praevalenti·a |ae f p»nct«rum of winter hieme ineunte; at the end of winter hieme exeunte; because of win tr vinc·« |ere v¿c¿ victus; (office) the severity of the winter propter adsequ·or |¿ adsec»tus sum, hiemis magnit»dinem; spend the adip¿sc·or |¿ adeptus sum; win a battle proeli« vincere; win a bet winter hiem§re; winter time sponsi«ne vincere; win a case in temp·us |oris n hiem§le court iudici« vincere; win over (sibi) wire f¿l·um |¿ n 408 Conversational Latin wise guy! impud¡ns! don’t be a wise word processor (comput) programm·a guy! n¡ s¿s impud¡ns! |atis n ¡dit«rium wish cup·i« |ere |¿v¿ |¿tus, opt§re; wish word s verb·um |¿ n; (gram) dicti·« earnestly exopt§re |«nis f; [Note—In Roman grammars, wish s (act of wishing) opt§ti·« |«nis f; “verbum” is used only for “verb”]; (object wished) opt§t·um |¿ n; break one’s word fidem frang·« according to your wishes secundum |ere, fr¡g¿; give one’s word fidem volunt§tem tuam; I give you three dare; in a word breviter, ad wishes tr¡s opt§ti«n¡s tibi d« summam; I want a word with you pauc¿s t¡ vol«; keep one’s word witch sagan·a |ae f, strig·a |ae f; the fidem serv§re; syllables form words witches are howling strigae str¿dent syllabae faciunt dicti«n¡s; why witchcraft ar·s |tis f magica should I take your word for it? c»r without sine (+ abl) tibi cr¡dam?; word for word verbum pr« verb«; word of honor fid·¡s |e¿ witness test·is |is mf (for pr« + abl; f; words fail me mihi verba d¡sunt; against in + acc); be called as a you took the words right out of my witness contest·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; mouth t» quidem ex «re «r§ti«nem trustworthy witness testis locupl¡s mihi ¡ripuist¿ (gen: testis locupl¡tis) m wordy verb«s·us |a |um wolf lup·us |¿ m, lup·a |ae f; wolves howl lup¿ ululant work lab·or |«ris m, oper·a |ae f; (piece of work, literary work) op·us |eris n wolf cub lupae catul·us |¿ m work tr (to exercise) exerc·e« |¡re |u¿ woman muli·er |eris f; old woman |itus; (the soil) col·« |ere |u¿ cultus; an·us |»s f; young woman (a machine) administr§re ¶ intr muliercul·a |ae f lab«r§re, oper§r¿; (to function) womb uter·us |¿ m; (belly) ven·ter |tris fung·or |¿ f»nctus sum m worker oper§ri·us m (·a |ae f) wonder s and no wonder nec m¿rum; workshop offic¿n·a |ae f seven wonders of the world septem m¿r§cula mund¿ world mund·us |¿ m; (earth) orb·is |is m wonder tr m¿r·or |§r¿ |§tus sum; I terr§rum; where in the world? ubi wonder what’s up m¿ror, quid hoc terr§rum?; where in the world are sit neg«t¿; I wonder where he is ubi we? ubinam gentium sumus?; worst sit d¡m¿ror poet in the world pessimus po¡ta omnium wonderful (ad)m¿r§bil·is |is |e world war bell·um |¿ n mund§num wooden spoon cocle·ar |§ris n coquin§rium World Wide Web (WWW) T¡l·a |ae f T«t¿us Terrae (TTT) woodpecker p¿c·us |¿ m (see bird) worm verm·is |is m; (earth worm) woods silv·a |ae f lumbr¿c·us |¿ m wool l§n·a |ae f worn out (person) fatig§t·us |a |um; woollen l§ne·us |a |um (clothes) tr¿t·us |a |um General Vocabulary 409 worry c»r·a |ae f, sollicit»d·« |inis f wrist pr¿m«ris man·us |»s f; sleeves worry tr sollicit§re ¶ intr sollicit§r¿; reaching all the way to the wrists don’t worry! n«l¿ (pl: n«l¿te) manicae pr«lixae »sque in prim«r¡s man»s sollicit§r¿! wrist bone carp·us |¿ m worse p¡i·or |or |us; d¡teri·or |or |us; (more severe) gravi·or |or |ius; get wrist watch h«rologi·um |¿ n armill§re worse ingrav¡sc·« |ere; make write tr scr¿b« scr¿bere scr¿ps¿ scr¿ptus; matters worse r¡s exasper§re; turn write a book librum c«n·scr¿b« out for the worse in p¡i«rem partem |scr¿bere |scr¿ps¿; write a program vertor vert¿ versus sum (comput) programma comp«n·« |ere worth: he’s worth a lot of money composu¿ compositus; write Latin d¿viti§s maxim§s habet; he’s worth Lat¿n¡ scr¿bere nothing nihil est; it isn’t worth it writer scr¿pt·or |«ris m, scr¿ptr·¿x |¿cis f n«n est operae pretium; it’s not writing (act) scr¿pti·« |«nis f; (result) worth all that tant¿ n«n est scr¿pt·um |¿ n, scr¿pt»r·a |ae f; worthless in»til·is |is |e; (containing writings scr¿pt·a |«rum npl nothing of value) in§n·is |is |e; writing paper chart·a |ae f epistul§ris (person) nequam [indecl]; worthless wrong adj (incorrect, mistaken) fals·us fellow nequissimus hom·« |inis m |a |um; (faulty) viti«s·us |a |um; worthlessness in§nit·§s |§tis f (unfair) in¿qu·us |a |um; (morally) worthwhile: it is worthwhile operae nefas [indecl]; be wrong err§re; if I pretium est have done anything wrong, I’m sorry s¿ quid perperam f¡c¿, m¡ worthy (of) dign·us |a |um (+ abl) paenitet; what’s wrong with you? wow! (in shocked surprise) v§h!; hui!; quid est tibi? or quid est t¡cum? (in astonishment) papae!; babae!; wrong adv perperam vah! wrap s amict·us |»s m Y wrap tr involv·« |ere |¿ invol»tus; wrap yard §re·a |ae f dom»s; (measure) uln·a up obvolvere |ae f; back yard §rea post¿ca wrapper invol»cr·um |¿ n yawn «scit§re, hi§re wreath cor«n·a |ae f year: annus |¿ m; a hundred years wrestle luct·or |§r¿ |§tus sum (see from now ad centum ann«s; at the Chapter V) beginning of the year ineunte ann«, wrestler luct§t·or |«ris m pr¿ncipi« ann¿; at the end of the year exeunte ann«; a year from now wrestling luct§ti·« |«nis f ad annum; every year quotann¿s; for wrestling match cert§m·en |inis n a year in annum; in my twenty-first luct§ti«nis year annum pr¿mum et v¿c¡simum ag·¡ns |entis ego … ; I wish you a wrinkle r»g·a |ae f happy New Year Novum Annum wrinkled r»g«s·us |a |um laetum tibi exopt«; last year ann« 410 Conversational Latin

superi«re; the following year young boy puercul·us |¿ m proximus annus; the previous year young daughter f¿liol·a |ae f superior annus; twice a year bis (in) ann«; up in years aet§te pr«vect·us young lady muliercul·a |ae f |a |um young man adul¡sc·¡ns |entis m; yearn for d¡s¿der§re (between approximately the ages of 20 and 40) iuven·is |is m yell intr ulul§re; (in pain) ¡iul§re young son f¿liol·us |¿ m yell s ulul§t·us |»s m; (in pain) ¡iul§ti·« youngster adul¡scentul·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) |«nis f your tu·us |a |um, vest·er |ra |rum yellow fl§v·us |a |um; deep yellow fulv·us |a |um; pale yellow l»rid·us youth (age) adul¡scenti·a |ae f (between |a |um, gilv·us |a |um puer and iuvenis, between 15 and 30 years and even beyond); (young men yellowish subfl§v·us |a |um collectively) iuvent·»s |»tis f; (young yes etiam, s§n¡, ita, imm«; I say yes; person) iuven·is |is mf you say no ego ai«; t» neg§s (see youthful iuven¿l·is |is |e; iuven·is |is |e Appendix I) yesterday her¿; the day before yesterday nudius tertius [adv, also Z written as one word] zeal studi·um |¿ n yipes! (to express surprise, fear, dismay) zealous studi«s·us |a |um eheu! zero zer·um |¿ n yippee! (to express joy, elation) ehem! zig-zag tortu«s·us |a |um; zig-zag yokel r»stic·us |¿ m (·a |ae f) streets anfr§ct·»s |uum mpl vi§rum you t»; (pl: v«s) zip code numer·us |¿ m cursu§lis (or you see (parenthetical) enim d¿r¡ct«rius) young parv·us |a |um (n§t»), parvul·us zipper claus»r·a |ae f tractilis |a |um (n§t»); younger i»ni·or |or zoo v¿v§ri·um |¿ n |us; min·or |or |us (n§t»); youngest minim·us |a |um (n§t»)