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Nisan 2017 1.Cdr Nsan(2017)8(1)6-12 Do :10.15318/Fungus.2017127491 24.06.2016 28.02.2017 Araştırma Makales Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens (Tricholomataceae): Türkiye Mikotası için Yeni Bir Kayıt Ertuğrul SESLI1* , Ayşegül TOPCU SESLI2 1 Karadenz Teknk Ünverstes, Fath Eğtm Fakültes, Byoloj Eğtm Ana Blm Dalı, Trabzon, Türkye 2IMKB Meslek ve Teknk Anadolu Lses, Yencuma Mah., Adres Sokak, Ortahsar, Trabzon, Türkye Öz: Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens (Bellù) Bellù (Sin.: Clitocybe alkaliviolascens Bellù ̶ Trcholomataceae) Türkye'den lk kez rapor edlmş; araz ve laboratuvar resmler le desteklenp, kısa br tartışma le brlkte sunulmuştur. Anahtar kelmeler: Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens, Trabzon, Türkye, Yen kayıt. Infundbulcybe alkalvolascens (Trcholomataceae): A New Record for the Turksh Mycota Abstract: Infundbulcybe alkalvolascens (Bellù) Bellù (Sn.: Cltocybe alkalvolascens Bellù ̶ Trcholomataceae) was reported for the frst tme from Turkey; supported wth feld and laboratory mages and was presented wth a short dscusson. Key words: Infundbulcybe alkalvolascens, Trabzon, Turkey, New record. Grş de çmenler üzernde yayılış göstermes 2003 yılında gerçekleştrlen moleküler sayılablr (Knudsen ve Vesterholt, 2008). çalışmalar ışığında Cltocybe (Fr.) Staude Son yıllarda Türkye mkotası le lgl cnsnden ayrılmış olan Infundbulcybe olarak gerçekleştrlen çalışmalarda çeştl yen Harmaja, günümüzde dünya çapında 18 türle ve kayıtlar saptanmıştır (Kaşık ve ark., 2013; Akata Türkye'de se bu çalışmadan önce sadece br ve ark., 2014; Acar ve ark., 2015; Kaya ve Uzun, türle (Infundbulcybe geotropa (Bull.) Harmaja) 2015; Akata ve ark., 2016; Doğan ve Kurt, 2016; temsl edlen küçük br cnstr (Staude, 1857; Sesl ve Topcu Sesl, 2016; Topcu Sesl ve Sesl, Harmaja, 2003; Sesl ve Denchev, 2008; Solak 2016). Ayrıca, Trabzon lnden blm dünyası çn ve ark., 2015). Cnsn tpk özellkler olarak, bazı yen cns ve türler tanımlanmıştır (Vzzn ve fruktfkasyon organının Cltocybe tpnde ark., 2015; Sesl ve ark., 2016; Vzzn ve ark., olması; bazdyokarpın, nem oranına göre renk 2016). değştrmemes; şapkanın tabak veya hun Bu çalışmanın amacı, bazdyokarpları şeklnde, yüzeynn az çok kadfems veya pullu, Trabzon lnden toplanan Infundbulcybe rengnn beyaz, ten rengnde, pembems soluk alkalvolascens türünü, orjnal resmler ve kısa kahve, sarımsı kahvereng, kırmızımsı br betm le brlkte Türkye'den lk kez kahvereng veya grms kahvereng olması; tanıtmaktır. lamellern sap üzerne doğru yayılmış; spor znn beyazımsı ve sporlarının düz ve şeffaf olması; şlossttlern bulunmaması; hem toprak ve hem *Sorumlu yazar e–mal: [email protected] 6 Nsan(2017)8(1)6-12 Materyal ve Metot görünüm kazanır. Şapkanın etli kısmına KOH Bazidiyokarp örnekler 2015 yılı Ekim ve uygulandığı zaman mor menekşe rengine Kasım aylarında Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi döndüğü görülür. Lameller sık, sarımsı beyaz Kanuni ve Fatih yerleşkeleri içerisinde olup sap üzerine yayılmıştır. Mide bulandırıcı bir gerçekleştirilen arazi çalışmaları sırasında kokusu olup tadı hafif yakıcıdır. Sap 40−70 × toplanmıştır. Arazide saptanan bazidiyo- 5−20 mm, silindirik, genellikle eğri, tabana doğru karpların öncelikle Canon 600D marka kamera daha geniş, sarımsı soluk kahverengi, ile fotoğrafları çekilmiştir. Bazidiyokarpların kırmızımsı kahverengi, yer yer tabanda daha toplandığı alandaki bitki türleri not edildikten yoğun olan beyaz pamuksu yapılarla kaplı, sonra örnekler paketlenip mikoloji laboratu- çizgili görünüşte, bazen taban kısmı oldukça varına getirilmiştir. Spor izleri alındıktan sonra şişkindir. Bazidiyosporlar 6−9 × 3.5−5 µm, ince kurutularak fungaryum kutularına yerleştirilen çeperli, elips biçiminde, şeffaf, düz veya hafif bazidiyokarplardan daha sonra kesitler alınarak süslüdür. Bazidiyumlar 25−35 × 6.5−8.5 µm, mikroskopik yapıları görüntülenmiştir. İnceleme- çomak şeklinde, şeffaf, tanecikli ve 4 sporludur. lerde Melzer reaktifi, Kongo kırmızısı, potasyum Lamel hifleri düzenli ve kancalı olup sistityum hidroksit, amonyak ve saf su kullanılmıştır. izlenmemiştir. Şapkanın etli kısmına KOH uygulanmış ve renginin mor menekşeye döndüğü gözlenmiştir. Türkçe İsim Etimolojisi: “Pileli” ismi, Bazidiyospor, sistityum, bazidiyum, şapka derisi olgunlaşan bazidiyokarpların pileyi anımsatan ve hiflerin görüntülenmesinde Zeiss Axio Imager görünüşünden esinlenilerek verilmiştir. araştırma mikroskopu; ölçümlerin yapılmasında ise Zeiss Axiocam marka kamera ile birlikte Zen İncelenen Materyal: Trabzon, Karadeniz 2 yazılım programı kullanılmıştır. Teknik Üniversitesi Fatih Yerleşkesi, Moleküler çalışmalar için aynı türe ait iki 41°00'40''K, 39°36'28''D, 20 m, 27 Ekim 2015, farklı koleksiyondan örnekler alınarak hücrelerin gruplar halinde sahil sekoyası altında (Sequoia ribozomlarındaki DNA gen dizisine bakılmıştır sempervirens), Fatih Eğitim Fakültesi Kişisel (ITS). Saptanan gen dizileri Dünya Gen Fungaryumu 3607; Kanuni Yerleşkesi, Bankasındaki (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov 40°59'39''K, 39°46'15''D, 112 m, 2 Kasım 2015; /genbank) bu türe ait gen dizisi ile (KR264911) tek tek veya gruplar halinde böğürtlen çalılıkları karşılaştırılmış; teşhis hem morfolojik ve hem de (Rubus fruticosus) altında, Fatih Eğitim moleküler bulgulara göre yapılmıştır. Fakültesi Kişisel Fungaryumu 3645. Bulgular Tartışma Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens Harmaja (2003) tarafından yapılan (Bellù) Bellù, Bresadoliana 1(2): 6 (2012) moleküler ve morfolojik çalışmalar bazı (Tricholomataceae Lotsy) Clitocybe üyelerinin ayrılarak farklı bir cins [Clitocybe alkaliviolascens Bellù, Beih. olarak sınıflandırılmasının daha uygun olacağı Sydowia 10: 29 (1995)] [Türkçe ismi: Pileli] sonucunu ortaya koymuştur. “Infundibulicybe [Şekil 1− 3] alkaliviolascens” ilk olarak “Clitocybe Şapka 30−100 mm, soluk sarı, kavun içi, alkaliviolascens” ismi ile tanınmış; Harmaja sarımsı kahverengi veya yumurta sarısı; (2003) tarafından “Infundibulicybe” adlı bir cins olgunlaşınca özellikle şapka ortasında daha oluşturulduktan sonra, Bellù (2012) tarafından koyu kahverengi, kenarlarda daha açık renklidir. yeni bir kombinasyon olarak bilim dünyasına Genç iken meyve tabağı biçiminde, zamanla kazandırılmıştır. orta kısmı çukurlaşır ve olgunlukta huni şeklini alır. Kenarları bütün veya parçalı, orta kalınlıkta, olgunlaşınca incelir ve tipik olarak pileli bir 7 Nsan(2017)8(1)6-12 Şekil 1. Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens: a–c= Bazidiyokarplar (ölçek çubukları: a–c= 30 mm). 8 Nsan(2017)8(1)6-12 Şekl 2. Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens: a–c. Bazdyumlar ve bazdyoller (ölçek çubukları: a–c= 10 µm). 9 Nsan(2017)8(1)6-12 Şekil 3. Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens: Bazidiyosporlar (ölçek çubuğu: 10 µm). 10 Nsan(2017)8(1)6-12 Mevcut çalışmadan önce, Türkiye'nin değiştiğini, özellikle şapka kenarlarının pileli bir çeşitli yörelerinde yapılan çalışmalarda bu cinse şekil kazandığını göstermiştir. Mikroskopik ait sadece bir tür (Infundibulicybe geotropa) çalışmalar, Trabzon örneğinin spor boyutlarının saptanmıştır (Kaya, 2009; Türkoğlu ve Yağız, mevcut literatürle tam olarak uyumlu, 2012). bazidiyumlarının bir miktar daha uzun olduğunu 2015 yılı Sonbaharında Karadeniz Teknik göstermiştir. Bu durumun ekolojik koşullardan Üniversitesi Kanuni ve Fatih yerleşkeleri kaynaklanma olasılığın yüksek olduğu içerisinde yaptığımız çalışmalarda söz konusu sonucuna varılmıştır (Bellù, 2012). Materyalin türe ait iki farklı lokalite tespit edilmiştir. sekans analiz sonuçları GenBank'taki sonuç ile Tarafımızdan gerçekleştirilen morfolojik (KR264911) %100 oranında benzerlik çalışmalar; genç bazidiyokarpların soluk sarı göstermiştir. Trabzon örneklerine ait sekans veya sarımsı beyaz; şapkanın daha düzgün ve analiz sonuçları aşağıdaki gibi saptanmıştır fazlaca bölünmemiş; olgunlaşmış olanların ise (115917_C7_C7+6525_1F+ITS4): koyu sarıdan açık kahverengiye kadar 1 AACGGGGAAC CAACCTGATT TGAGGTCAAT AGTCAATTAA ATTATGATTG TCCAAGTCAA 60 61 TGGACGGTTA GAAAGCTGAA CATTGGCTTC ACATCAGAAA TGGCGTAGAT AATTATCACA 120 121 CCCAATGATG GTCAACAATC AAGTTCCACT AATGCATTTA AGGAGAGCCG ACTTGCTGAG 180 181 AAGCCCGCAA CTCCCATATC CAAGCCAATT CAATTCAATT CAAATTGAAG AGGTTGAGAA 240 241 TTTAATGACA CTCAAACAGG CATGCTCCTC GGAATACCAA GGAGCGCAAG GTGCGTTCAA 300 301 AGATTCGATG ATTCACTGAA TTCTGCAATT CACATTACTT ATCGCATTTC GCTGCGTTCT 360 361 TCATCGATGC GAGAGCCAAG AGATCCGTTG TTGAAAGTTG TATTCATTTA TTTTAAAAGG 420 421 CTTTTGACGG CGCATTTAAA GTTGACATTC AAAGACATGC ATTAGGGGTA TATATGAAAA 480 481 CATAGACTAG GGGGAATAAT ACAAGGAAAG CGCGCACTAA TGCCACATTC CTCAAACCAA 540 541 GCTAATGAAA GCTTGAAAGT GTTCCCAAAA GTCTACAATA AGTGCACAGG TGGTTTGATT 600 601 AAAATGAGAG CAAGCGTGCA CATGCCCCAA AGGGCCAGCG ACAACTCACT TCAATTCAAA 660 661 TTCAATAATG ATCCTTCCGC AGGTTCACCT ACGGAAACCT TGTTACGACT TTTACTTCCT 720 721 CAAATTGGAC CAAAGAAAGA AAAAAAAAA 749 (114011_D2_D2+6475_1F+ITS4): 1 GGGGGGGAAC CTACCTGATT TGAGGTCAAT AGTCAATTAA ATTATGATTG TCCAAGTCAA 60 61 TGGACGGTTA GAAAGCTGAA CATTGGCTTC ACATCAGAAA TGGCGTAGAT AATTATCACA 120 121 CCCAATGATG GTCAACAATC AAGTTCCACT AATGCATTTA AGGAGAGCCG ACTTGCTGAG 180 181 AAGCCCGCAA CTCCCATATC CAAGCCAATT CAATTCAATT CAAATTGAAG AGGTTGAGAA 240 241 TTTAATGACA CTCAAACAGG CATGCTCCTC GGAATACCAA GGAGCGCAAG GTGCGTTCAA 300 301 AGATTCGATG ATTCACTGAA TTCTGCAATT CACATTACTT ATCGCATTTC GCTGCGTTCT 360 361 TCATCGATGC GAGAGCCAAG AGATCCGTTG TTGAAAGTTG TATTCATTTA TTTTAAAAGG 420 421 CTTTTGACGG CGCATTTAAA GTTGACATTC AAAGACATGC ATTAGGGGTA TATATGAAAA 480 481 CATAGACTAG GGGGAATAAT ACAAGGAAAG CGCGCACTAA TGCCACATTC CTCAAACCAA 540 541 GCTAATGAAA GCTTGAAAGT GTTCCCAAAA GTCTACAATA AGTGCACAGG TGGTTTGATT 600 601 AAAATGAGAG CAAGCGTGCA CATGCCCCAA AGGGCCAGCG ACAACTCACT TCAATTCAAA 660 661 TTCAATAATG ATCCTTCCGC AGGTTCACCT ACGGAAACCT TGTTACGACT TTTACTTCCT
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