DOCSLIB.ORG

Summary of Emerging Evidence from the Demonstration Test Catchments (DTC) Platform

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Summary of Emerging Evidence from the Demonstration Test Catchments (DTC) Platform Summary of emerging evidence from the Demonstration Test Catchments (DTC) Platform 1 Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 7 1.1 The Context ............................................................................................................... 7 1.2 The Challenge ............................................................................................................ 7 1.3 Demonstration Test Catchments ............................................................................... 9 1.4 Beneficiaries and Impacts ........................................................................................ 11 1.4.1 Informing and Supporting Policy ................................................................................11 1.4.2 Supporting Policy Delivery ............................................................................................11 1.4.3 Demonstrating to Industry and Stakeholders .......................................................11 1.4.4 Researchers and Research Funders ...........................................................................12 2 Understanding the Issues ................................................................................................. 12 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 12 2.2 Catchment Characteristics ....................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 Hampshire Avon .................................................................................................................14 2.2.2 Tamar ......................................................................................................................................15 2.2.3 Eden .........................................................................................................................................16 2.2.4 Wensum .................................................................................................................................17 2.3 Catchment Monitoring ............................................................................................ 19 2.3.1 Sub-Catchment Approach...............................................................................................19 2.3.2 Hydrological and Water Quality Monitoring ..........................................................26 2.3.3 Ecological Monitoring ......................................................................................................28 2.3.4 Other Monitoring and Assessment Approaches ...................................................29 2.4 Results and Interpretation....................................................................................... 35 2.4.1 Hydrology and Water Quality across the DTC Platform ....................................36 2.4.1.1 Differences in Hydrological and Hydrochemical Behaviours and Chemistries in the DTC Sub-Catchments .....................................................................................................................46 2.4.1.2 Nutrient and Sediment Delivery to Streams in the DTC Sub-Catchments: the Relative Importance of Flow Conditions under Different Geoclimatic Conditions ..........52 2.4.1.3 Seasonal Pollutant Transfers .............................................................................................55 2.4.1.4 Hydrology and Water Quality Conclusions ..................................................................60 2.4.2 Ecology ...................................................................................................................................61 2.4.3 Specific Groundwater Investigations ........................................................................72 3 Measures ................................................................................................................................ 84 3.1 Background .............................................................................................................. 84 3.2 Selection of Measures ............................................................................................. 85 3.3 Mitigation Measures Development Plans ............................................................... 89 3.3.1 Avon ........................................................................................................................................89 3.3.2 Tamar Catchment, Caudworthy Water .....................................................................92 3.3.3 Development of a Mitigation Measures Plan in the Eden .................................94 3.3.4 Development of Mitigation Measures Plan in the Wensum .............................96 3.4 Implementation of Measures across the Catchments ............................................ 98 3.4.1 Avon ........................................................................................................................................98 3.4.2 Tamar ................................................................................................................................... 106 3.4.3 Eden ...................................................................................................................................... 111 3.4.4 Wensum .............................................................................................................................. 113 3.5 Rationale of Monitoring Approach ........................................................................ 118 2 3.5.1 Sub-Catchment Monitoring ........................................................................................ 118 3.5.2 Avon Measures Monitoring Plan .............................................................................. 119 3.5.3 Eden Measures Monitoring Plan .............................................................................. 121 3.5.4 Wensum Measures Monitoring Plan ....................................................................... 124 4 Working with Stakeholders: Knowledge Exchange and Understanding Farmer Behaviour .................................................................................................................... 126 4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 126 4.2 An Overview of Local Knowledge Transfer and Knowledge Exchange Activities .. 126 4.3 Media Activity and Dissemination ......................................................................... 128 4.4 Stakeholder Events ................................................................................................ 129 4.4.1 EdenDTC Catchment Bus Tour .................................................................................. 130 4.4.2 Avon DTC Farm Advisor Workshop, May 2012 ................................................. 131 4.4.3 Wensum DTC Farmer Presentations and Field Visits, 2014 ......................... 133 4.4.4 Farmer-Led Monitoring in the Wensum DTC ..................................................... 135 4.5 Supporting the Catchment-Based Approach ......................................................... 137 4.6 The Baseline Farm Survey...................................................................................... 137 4.6.1 Understanding Farmer Behaviour ........................................................................... 137 4.6.2 Implementing the Survey ............................................................................................ 138 4.6.3 Current Adoption of Mitigation Measures ............................................................ 138 4.6.4 Attitudes to Future Adoption of Measures ........................................................... 139 4.6.5 Farmer Priority Measures ........................................................................................... 143 4.7 Farm Diaries ........................................................................................................... 143 4.8 Assessment of Progress and Future Priorities ....................................................... 144 4.8.1 Future Priorities .............................................................................................................. 144 5 Monitoring and Evaluation of On-Farm Interventions for Informing Water Quality Policy ............................................................................................................................. 145 5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 145 5.2 The General Challenge Driving DTC ....................................................................... 145 5.2.1 The Specific Challenge Driving DTC ........................................................................ 146 5.2.2 A Twin-Track Approach to Iterative Science ...................................................... 146 5.2.3 Developing a ‘Catchment Science Toolkit’ ............................................................ 147 5.2.4 Lumped Descriptive Metrics for Characterising and Comparing Hydrochemical Response ............................................................................................................... 149 5.2.5 Detecting Change with Conventional Hydrochemical Time Series Data . 150 5.2.6 Detecting Change with Nutrient Speciation and Fractionation Data ........ 153 5.2.7 Detecting Change using Hysteretic
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Macronutrient Cycles Programme: Catchment
    MACRONUTRIENT CYCLES PROGRAMME A CATCHMENT STRATEGY Summary The working group on 9 May 2011 and the workshop on 10 May 2011 concluded that the following 3 catchments should be selected for the MC Programme:- Ribble (Lancashire) Conwy (North Wales) Avon (Hampshire) It was agreed that whilst the proposals should have the majority of their research focussed in one or more of the 3 core catchments, we should welcome the inclusion of satellite sites, catchments, farmscapes /experimental units and national networks which enhance the research through the testing of models and provide information for upscaling, which cannot be efficiently carried out or are outside the scope of the core catchments selected. As a result it has been decided that the majority of the budget for proposals must be spent within at least one of the core catchments, though significant spending may be attributed to farmscapes, experimental units, additional satellite catchments, and upscaling. 1. Introduction 1 The overarching goal of the Macronutrients Cycles (MC) programme is to quantify the scales (magnitude and spatial/temporal variation) of nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes and the nature of transformations through the catchment under a changing climate and perturbed carbon cycle. ‘The catchment’ is defined as covering exchanges between the atmospheric, terrestrial and aqueous environments, with the limit of the aqueous environment being marked by the seaward estuarine margin. The Macronutrient Cycles (MC) programme was originally developed by NERC Theme Leaders based on consultation with the research community to address cutting edge science integrating key nutrient cycles. The Theme Leaders, and subsequently NERC’s Science and Innovation Strategy Board (SISB), recommended to NERC Council that the research should be concentrated on more than one catchment but in a small number of catchments to stimulate the necessary cross-working between disciplines investigating both the processes of and inputs to the cycle interactions.
    [Show full text]
  • A GAIRDNER, James, CB 1900
    WHO WAS WHO, 1897-1910 GAIKDNEK West Hartlepool; 60 St. James's Street, Club. Recreations : shooting, golf, fishing. S.W. Clubs : Reform, National. Club : Savile. [Died 17 Oct. 1904. [Died 6 Aug. 1914. FYVIE, Isabella ; see Mayo, Mrs. John R. FURNIVALL, Frederick James, M.A., Ph.D., of Cam- D.Lit. ; Hon. Fellow Trinity Hall, of the British bridge ; barrister ; Member Director of Academy ; Founder and Early English Text, Chaucer, Ballad, and New Societies ; Founder of the Wyclif Shakspere GADSBY, Henry, Principal Prof, of Pianoforte and Societies ; Joint Founder of the Shelley and and Director editor of MSS. Harmony, Sight-Singing, Browning Society ; English of Music at Queen's Coll. London ; Professor and Old Texts ; worked with F. D. Maurice, of Pianoforte, Harmony, and Composition at J. M. T. in the Chris- Ludlow, Hughes, etc., Guildhall School of Music Examiner to tian Socialist and Co-operative ; Movement, Associated Board of Coll. arid for Royal Royal and at the Working Men's College ; was Academy ; b. 15 Dec. 1842. Educ. : as a ten a in the W.M.C. Rifle years captain chorister at St. Paul's Cathedral. the 19th Middlesex b. Composer Volunteers, ; Egham, and teacher of above subjects ; succeeded 4 Feb. 1825 e. s. of late Surrey, ; George John Hullah as Professor of and Frederick Educ.: Harmony, Furnivall, surgeon. Engle- Sir William Cusins as the Professor of field Green, Turnham Green, Hanwell at Pianoforte, Queen's Coll. ; produced can- Schools ; University College, London ; tatas, overtures, and at Camb. Lincoln's Inn symphonies Crystal Trinity Hall, ; ; Gray's Palace Saturday Concerts and Philharmonic Inn.
    [Show full text]
  • Provenance and Transfer of Fine Sediment in the Lugg Catchment
    Provenance and Transfer of Fine Sediment in the Lugg Catchment, Herefordshire, UK Jason Paul Stopps A thesis submitted to the University of Gloucestershire in accordance with the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Natural and Social Sciences July 2018 Word Count 85,999 ABSTRACT An extensive fine sediment research monitoring programme, funded through the SITA Trust’s ‘Enriching Nature’ programme, has been undertaken to evaluate the value of a catchment-wide, monitoring approach to establish spatial and temporal patterns and sources of fine sediment in the Herefordshire Lugg catchment. The aim of the project was to investigate the sources and patterns of fine sediment movement to help target management resources to reduce the impact of excessive siltation. Continuous (15 minute) flow and suspended sediment concentrations were monitored at five sink sites between April 2009 and November 2012 to assess the spatio-temporal variations in suspended sediment. Episodic high suspended sediment concentrations in the Lugg catchment persistently exceeded 25 mg L-1 over the period of study. Delivery of suspended sediments to the sites was also monitored using time-integrated samplers. A sediment fingerprinting and mixture modelling procedure based on geochemical properties was utilised to identify key sub-catchments that persistently delivered fine sediment over the period of study. Sources of fine sediment were also identified and evaluated based on differing land use types in four of the main sub-catchments recognised as important contributors of sediment at the catchment scale. The sediment fingerprinting technique was refined to incorporate appropriate weighting and correction factors to improve the ability of the composite fingerprint to discriminate between source types.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Environment Agency Plan
    ELA' So-'TVV v^esrv u.cr^ps. S f^cisJkzs local environment agency plan HAMPSHIRE AVON PLAN from April 2000 to March 2005 SALISBURY CHRISTCHURCH En v ir o n m e n t Ag e n c y Additional copies Further copies of this Plan can be obtained from: The LEAP Team Environment Agency Rivers House Sunrise Business Park Higher Shaftesbury Road Blandford Forum Dorset DT11 8ST Tel: 01258 456080 Fax: 01258 455998 General Enquiries For general information about the work of the Environment Agency, or information about a specific matter, please contact our Customer Contact Team at the Blandford Office Tel: 01258 456080 The Internet For general information about the Environment Agency please visit our website at: http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk Environment Agency Copyright Waiver This report is intended to be used widely, and may be quoted, copied or reproduced in any way, provided that the extracts are not quoted out of context and that due acknowledgement is given to the Environment Agency. Maps are reproduced from Ordnance Survey 1:50,000 scale map by the Environment Agency with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office © Crown Copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infrinqes Crown Copyriqht and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. Licence Number GD 031 77G. Published May 2000 Map 1 - Hampshire Avon Plan Area and District and County Boundaries ENVIRONMENT AGENCY 125084 Foreword The Hampshire Avon is the longest river with the largest catchment on the south coast. It is important as a drainage channel, fishery, wildlife conservation resource and recreational amenity.
    [Show full text]
  • County Recorders' Report 2016
    Edited by Gareth Harris WSBRC Biological Records Officer February 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction, Gareth Harris .............................................................................................................................................. 3 WSBRC Update, Purgle Linham ........................................................................................................................................ 4 County Recorders’ Annual Reports .................................................................................................................................. 7 Amphibians and Reptiles, Gemma Harding .................................................................................................... 7 Bats, Gareth Harris .......................................................................................................................................... 8 Diptera, Anthony Bainbridge ........................................................................................................................ 10 Higher Plants, Sharon Pilkington ................................................................................................................... 11 Macrolepidoptera, Dave Brotheridge ........................................................................................................... 13 Mammals (excl. bats), Gareth Harris ............................................................................................................ 13 Microlepidoptera, Michael Smith ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wessex Ridgeway Directions, Ashmore to Ludwell
    Wessex Ridgeway in Wiltshire, in 8 stages Route Directions south to north Stage 1 - Ashmore to Ludwell [Amended on 29/7/20] Maps: OS Explorer 118, OS Landranger 184 Distance: 6.7 miles (10.7 km) Take the no through road in Ashmore which passes to the left of the pond past The Old School House. After the barn, turn left, signposted Tollard Royal 2. Go through two farm gates, one wooden and one metal, and along a green track between fences. At the end of this is a wooden signpost commemorating the official opening of the Dorset section of the Wessex Ridgeway on 16th August 1994, which indicates ‘Lyme Regis 62 miles’ (100 km). Go through the metal kissing gate beside this, pass through the margin of trees, then step over low wires at a gap in the hedge into a field. Go half right and slightly uphill in the direction of an electricity pole, then continue past it to a road with metal gates on both sides. Continue on almost the same course across the next field to a metal gate just before a hedge at the B3081 road. Turn right along a permissive path at the edge of the field with the hedge and road on your left. After 450m, go through a kissing gate, turn left through a gap in the hedge, and carefully cross the B3081 to the track opposite. This is Bench’s Lane. The track eventually narrows into a path and goes steadily downhill. It passes to the left of a thatched cottage and emerges onto a gravel track, which descends to rejoin the B3081 in the village of Tollard Royal just to the left of a converted chapel.
    [Show full text]
  • Heritage Services
    WILTSHIRE & SWINDON FARMSTEADS & LANDSCAPE PROJECT for ENGLISH HERITAGE & WILTSHIRE BUILDINGS RECORD FORUM Heritage S e r v i c e s WILTSHIRE & SWINDON FARMSTEADS & LANDSCAPE PROJECT for ENGLISH HERITAGE & WILTSHIRE BUILDINGS RECORD by Bob Edwards & Jeremy Lake 2014 Cover image: Longleat Manor Farm © English Heritage NMR 27693_023 FORUM Heritage S e r v i c e s CONTENTS Executive Summary 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO THE WILTSHIRE & SWINDON FARMSTEADS & 1 LANDSCAPE PROJECT 1.1 Historic Farmsteads 1 1.2 Introducing Characterisation 2 1.3 Introducing Historic Farmstead Characterisation 3 2.0 AIMS, OBJECTIVES & PRODUCTS 3 2.1 Aims and Objectives 3 2.2 Products 4 3.0 METHODOLOGY 5 3.1 Historic Farmsteads Mapping 5 3.1.1 Farmstead Identification 5 3.1.2 Farmstead Plan Form 5 3.1.3 Farmstead Date 7 3.1.4 Farmstead Location 7 3.1.5 Farmhouse Position 7 3.1.6 Farmstead Survival 7 3.1.7 Modern Sheds 7 3.2 Analysis 8 3.2.1 Farmsteads and Landscape Character 8 3.2.2 Farmsteads and Historic Landscape Character 8 3.3 Case Studies 8 4.0 FARMSTEADS: HISTORICAL CONTEXT 9 4.1 National and Regional Background 9 4.2 Wiltshire & Swindon 10 5.0 FARMSTEADS AND THEIR BUILDINGS 13 5.1 National Background 13 5.1.1 Farmsteads 13 5.1.2 Housing 13 5.1.3 Barns 13 5.1.4 Cattle Yards 14 5.1.5 Yards and Related Buildings 14 5.1.6 Outfarms and Field Barns 14 5.1.7 Specialised Buildings 14 5.1.8 Smallholdings 14 5.2 Wiltshire & Swindon 15 5.2.1 Farmsteads 15 5.2.2 Barns 16 5.2.3 Stables 16 5.2.4 Granaries 16 5.2.5 Cattle Housing 17 5.2.6 Maltings 17 5.2.7 Dovecotes 17 5.2.8 Pigsties
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape Character Assessment
    CRANBORNE CHASE AND WEST WILTSHIRE DOWNS AONB INTEGRATED LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT Final Report Prepared for The Countryside Agency by Land Use Consultants June 2003 43 Chalton Street London NW1 1JD Tel: 020 7383 5784 Fax: 020 7383 4798 [email protected] CONTENTS Acknowledgements.................................................................................... i 1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 1 2. Physical Influences............................................................................... 5 3. Ecological Character......................................................................... 13 4. Human Influences.............................................................................. 19 5. Social and Economic Influences....................................................... 31 6. Overview of Agricultural Character................................................ 41 7. Recreational Influences..................................................................... 53 8. The Landscape Character of Cranborne Chase and the West Wiltshire Downs ................................................................................ 61 Type 1: Chalk Escarpments ................................................................... 63 1A Melbury to Blandford Chalk Escarpments ..................................... 65 1B West Wiltshire Downs Chalk Escarpment..................................... 73 1C Fovant and Chalke Escarpment......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Implications of Groundwater Conceptual Models for the Evaluation of the Effects of Diffuse Pollution Mitigation Measures
    Groundwater conceptual models: implications for evaluating diffuse pollution mitigation measures D J Allen1, W G Darling1*, J Davies1, A J Newell1, D C Gooddy1 and A L Collins2 1British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK 2Rothamsted Research, North Wyke, Okehampton, Devon EX20 2SB *Corresponding author (email: [email protected]) Abstract The Water Framework Directive (WFD) identifies diffuse pollution as a long-term threat to water quality. Farming contributes significantly to this pollution. There is a clear need for mitigation measures and assessment of their efficacy. Accordingly, Demonstration Test Catchments (DTCs) have been established in England to test the effectiveness of changes in agricultural practice on river water quality and ecology. However, the presence of groundwater in these hydrological systems implies a wide range of travel times for pollutants from source to receptor. Unless flow routes are better characterised, it will be difficult to gauge the success of control measures in the short-term. Using 3D modelling and supplementary hydrochemical information, this study considers the hydrogeology of several sub-catchments in the Avon DTC, southern England. Data suggest that groundwater ages >25 years exist in parts of the catchments; clearly observations like these must be used to judge the likely effectiveness of targeted control measures. The revealed hydrogeological complexity of the Avon catchment is unlikely to be unique, so the techniques described here should be applicable to other lowland river systems with moderate-to-high baseflow indices (>0.5). To support the WFD, groundwater conceptual models should inform the design of effective measures for diffuse pollution mitigation.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitats Regulations Screening Report for Appropriate Assessment
    Footprint Ecology HRA: North Dorset Core Strategy and Development Management Policies DPD Version: Habitats Regulation Assessment of Draft Core Strategy and Draft Development Management Policies. Date: 4th January 2009 Recommended citation: Liley, D., Hoskin, R., White, J., Lake, S., Underhill-Day, J., Tyldesley, D. & Sharp, J. (2009). Habitats Regulations Assessment of the North Dorset Core Strategy and Development Management Policies DPD. Preferred Options. Footprint Ecology. DAVID TYLDESLEY AND ASSOCIATES PLANNING, LANDSCAPE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS 1 Footprint Ecology HRA: North Dorset Core Strategy and Development Management Policies DPD Summary The aim of this assessment is to identify any areas where there are likely significant effects to the Natura 2000 sites and assess these in detail. This will influence the development of the submission draft of the Core Strategy, ensuring that any elements of the plan where there is a likelihood of a significant effect on any European site are assessed and that where necessary appropriate amendments are applied or alternative options pursued. A full check for likely significant effects at preferred options stage is set out and we consider the following issues in detail within the appropriate assessment part of this report: Impacts of recreation and housing on the Dorset Heaths (Dorset Heaths SAC, Dorset Heathlands SPA/Ramsar) Impacts from recreation on chalk grassland sites (Fontmell and Melbury Downs SAC, Cerne and Sydling Downs SAC and Salisbury Plain SAC/SPA) Impacts of recreational pressure on coastal / estuarine sites (Poole Harbour SPA/Ramsar Chesil and the Fleet SAC / SPA; Isle of Portland to Studland Cliffs SAC; Dorset Heaths (Purbeck & Studland) and Studland Dunes SAC).
    [Show full text]
  • NERC Open Research Archive
    Geology of the Salisbury Sheet Area Report on the Geology of Sheet 298 Salisbury and its adjacent area. A compilation of the results of the survey in Spring and Autumn 2003 and from the River Bourne survey of 1999 Internal Report IR/06/011 i ii Natural Environment Research Council British Geological Survey Onshore Geology Series Geology of the Salisbury Sheet Area Report on the Geology of Sheet 298 Salisbury and its adjacent area. A compilation of the results of the survey in Spring and Autumn 2003 and from the River Bourne survey of 1999 Internal Report IR/06/011 P M Hopson, A R Farrant, A J Newell, R J Marks, K A Booth, L B Bateson, M A Woods, I P Wilkinson, J Brayson and D J Evans Geographical index UK, S England, Wiltshire, Hampshire, Salisbury, River Avon, River Wylie, River Nadder, River Bourne, River Ebble Subject index Geology, Quaternary, Palaeogene, Cretaceous, Jurassic, Chalk and concealed geology Bibliographic reference P M Hopson, A R Farrant, A J Newell, R J Marks, K A Booth, L B Bateson, M A Woods, I P Wilkinson, J Brayson and D J Evans. Geology of the Salisbury Sheet Area. British Geological Survey Internal Report IR/06/011 © NERC copyright 2006 Keyworth, Nottingham, British Geological Survey 2006 iii BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of Survey publications is available through the Sales Desks at Keyworth Parent Body and at Murchison House, Edinburgh, and in the BGS London Information Office in the Natural Natural Environment Research Council History Museum Earth Galleries. The adjacent Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, bookshop stocks the more popular books for Wiltshire SN2 1EU.
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape Character Assessment Highres
    CRANBORNE CHASE AND WEST WILTSHIRE DOWNS AONB INTEGRATED LANDSCAPE CHARACTER ASSESSMENT Final Report Prepared for The Countryside Agency by Land Use Consultants June 2003 43 Chalton Street London NW1 1JD Tel: 020 7383 5784 Fax: 020 7383 4798 [email protected] CONTENTS Acknowledgements.................................................................................... i 1. Introduction ......................................................................................... 1 2. Physical Influences............................................................................... 5 3. Ecological Character......................................................................... 13 4. Human Influences.............................................................................. 19 5. Social and Economic Influences....................................................... 31 6. Overview of Agricultural Character................................................ 41 7. Recreational Influences..................................................................... 53 8. The Landscape Character of Cranborne Chase and the West Wiltshire Downs ................................................................................ 61 Type 1: Chalk Escarpments ................................................................... 63 1A Melbury to Blandford Chalk Escarpments ..................................... 65 1B West Wiltshire Downs Chalk Escarpment..................................... 73 1C Fovant and Chalke Escarpment......................................................
    [Show full text]