DOCSLIB.ORG

Biomass Energy at Work

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Biomass Energy at Work Biomass Energy at Work Case Studies of Community-Scale Systems in the US, Canada & Europe Biomass Energy at Work Case Studies of Community-Scale Systems in the United States, Canada & Europe his volume comprises a Focus was put on replicable ex- selection of exemplary com- amples of technology that could be Tmunity-scale biomass instal- widely deployed elsewhere and that lations in the United States, Canada, showcased the use of innovative, and Europe. The goal of the initia- high-effi ciency equipment (com- tive was to identify the “best in class” bustion and/or emissions control in biomass technology applications systems), cost-saving installation and highlight these successes in a and operation, minimal mainte- case study series to be widely shared nance with low staffi ng require- as a tool to grow the community- ments, and technology types with scale woody biomass industry in the particular promise to create a new United States and Canada. national industry. Similar emphasis was given to systems using high During 2009, BERC traveled to se- standards of sustainably provided lect biomass facilities in the United wood fuel (including harvesting States, Canada, Austria, Italy, practices), new and effective fi nance Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, or project development processes, Sweden, and Finland to identify, and broad community involvement visit, and conduct assessments of and commitment. applications and technologies in these countries that are excellent Examples of community-scale examples of heating and combined applications include district energy heat and power (CHP) using wood (mini-grids for heat, downtowns, fuels. From this investigation, 53 of small communities, cities), schools, the best sites were selected for in- campuses, hospitals, prisons, public clusion in this case study portfolio. buildings, multi-family or senior housing, government buildings and Funded by the US Endowment for complexes, heating for commercial Forestry and Communities with or offi ce buildings, farms and green- additional support from the US houses, and small industrial parks. Department of Energy, the series il- lustrates the successful use of wood- chips, wood pellets, cordwood, and other low-grade wood in com- munity-scale systems that would otherwise be using fossil fuels. Contents Introduction i-ii Schools 2 Barre Town Elementary and Middle School, Barre, Vermont, US 3 Christianshede Zoo School, Bording, Denmark 5 Council, Idaho Schools, US 7 Darby, Montana Schools, US 9 Leavitt Area High School, Turner, Maine, US 11 Mount Abraham Union High School, Bristol, Vermont, US 13 Nakusp Secondary School, British Columbia, Canada 15 Ponaganset High School and Ponaganset Middle School, N. Scituate, Rhode Island, US 17 Townsend, Montana School District, US 19 Verdersø Sports School and Husby Boarding School, Jutland, Denmark 21 Campus Settings 24 Chadron State College, Chadron, Nebraska, US 25 Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, US 27 Mount Wachusett Community College, Gardner, Massachusetts, US 29 University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, US 31 Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada 33 Institutional Settings 36 Harney County District Hospital, Burns, Oregon, US 37 Crotched Mountain Rehabilitation Center, Greenfi eld, New Hampshire, US 39 South Dakota State Treatment and Rehabilitation Academy, Custer, South Dakota, US 41 Kings County Memorial Hospital, Montague, Prince Edward Island, Canada 43 Housing Complexes 46 Dartmouth College’s Sachem Village, West Lebanon, New Hampshire, US 47 Green Acres Public Housing Complex, Barre, Vermont, US 49 Spring Valley Bruderhof, Farmington, Pennsylvania, US 51 Government Facilities 54 Boulder County Parks and Open Space Department, Longmount, Colorado, US 55 Quabbin Administrative Building, Belchertown, Massachusetts, US 57 Businesses and Industries 60 Fronius International Factory, Wels, Austria 61 Woodchip District Heating Business, Joutsa, Finland 63 Mitter Transporte Fuel Company, Linz, Austria 65 NRG Wind Systems, Hinesburg, Vermont, US 67 A. Reponen Oy, Joutsa, Finland 69 Xolar Group Headquarters/Manufacturing Plant, Eberstalzell, Upper Austria 71 Chisholm Lumber, Tweed, Ontario, Canada 73 Madsen’s Custom Cabinets, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada 75 Lathrop Forest Products, Bristol, Vermont, US 77 Community District Energy 80 Cooperatively Owned System, Buchkirchen, Austria 81 Town of Gjern Varmevaerk, Denmark 83 Town of Gleinstätten, Austria 85 Hållanders Sawmill & Village of Dalstorp, Sweden 87 Vølund Gasifi er Plant and Town of Harboøre, Jutland, Denmark 89 Village of Koivulahti, Finland 91 Village of Hovmantorp, Lessebo Kommun, Sweden 93 Lundsbrunns Bioenergi AB, Lundsbrunns, Sweden 95 Community-Owned Pellet District Heating System, Mullsjø, Sweden 97 Village of Oujé-Bougoumou, Quebec, Canada 99 City of Revelstoke, British Columbia, Canada 101 Towns of Toblach and Olang, South Tyrol, Italy 103 City of Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada 105 Agricultural Facilities 108 Nordstrom Greenhouses, Närpiö, Finland 109 Stefan Nordmyr Family Farm and Greenhouses, Närpiö, Finland 111 Community Buildings 114 All Souls Interfaith Gathering, Shelburne, Vermont, US 115 Municipal Aquatic Center and City Schools, Craig, Alaska, US 117 Lambach Abbey, Lambach, Austria 119 Long Lake Conservation Center, Palisade, Minnesota, US 121 Wolf Ridge Environmental Education Center, Finland, Minnesota, US 123 Introduction s institutions, communities, and poli- And in Vermont, USA, more than 45 public cymakers in northern regions where schools now heat with woodchips. So does Aforests are a natural resource confront prestigious Middlebury College, which has the insecurities of cost and supply that surround gained renown as a leader in the fi ght against fossil fuels in the 21st century, more and more climate change, in part by installing an $11 leaders and local champions are asking about million biomass plant that now meets most those woods. Could we get at least some of the of its heating and cooling needs while cutting energy we need from there? Are there ways to do the college’s fuel-oil usage in half, saving an this that might boost the local economy and help anticipated $2 million each year on fuel costs, build a sustainable, affordable energy supply, reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 40 while avoiding negative environmental impacts? percent and replacing a distantly sourced fuel with one that comes from the surrounding The answer is yes. As the case studies in this forests (pp. 27-28). book show, the use of woody biomass—fuel derived from low-grade wood, usually in the Throughout this book, the brief case studies form of chips or pellets—to fuel clean-burning, that profi le these and other biomass facilities effi cient heating systems is already providing a are intended to serve as a balanced informa- wide range of benefi ts for hundreds of schools, tion resource. They highlight key factual data, colleges, other institutions, and even whole describe the challenges that some systems have communities in the United States, Canada, and worked through—most of those dealing with Europe. For example, for about two decades inconsistent fuel quality—and detail the ben- the City of Charlottetown, provincial capital of efi ts that users report having gained. Canada’s Prince Edward Island, has been been Often, as some case studies show, the advo- burning woodchips and municipal solid waste cates of biomass face initial skepticism. Some is to meet 85 percent of the heating needs of its often based on the relative newness of today’s commercial center and large downtown build- biomass energy technology; there can also be ings, also generating some electricity in the concerns about the capital costs of building process (pp. 105-106). The district energy sys- or converting to a biomass system, the sus- tem works well, and the fuel supply is reliable; tainability of the fuel supply, and the fear that woodchips are culled from forest-thinning and burning biomass will be cumbersome to oper- land-clearing operations in the area. ate, dirty, or air-polluting. In just one province of Austria, called Styria, Here, in brief, are some responses to these more than 300 biomass district energy systems concerns, based on present-day technology are at work, including the one that heats the and the experiences of users such as those town of Gleinstätten (pp. 85-86). Two pictur- profi led in these pages: esque towns in the Italian Alps heat more than 900 buildings with woodchips, paying local farmers a premium for chips to strengthen the link between energy use and healthy forests (pp. 103-104). Similar systems are at work all over Denmark, Sweden, and Finland. i Biomass energy systems save money Biomass plants are running on trimmings on fuel, and tend to repay their up-front from logging operations, on residues from costs in a short number of years. On a wood milling and processing, and on wood Btu basis, the cost of biomass fuel is gener- harvested in thinning procedures that ally less than half the cost of fuel oil—and improve forest health and—especially in dry over the past 20 years, the real price of areas like the American West—can sharply wood energy has actually declined. In the reduce the dangers of forest fi res. future, however, in order to develop and Today’s biomass energy systems are sustain a reliable wood fuel supply infra- non-polluting, and combat climate structure, suppliers will need to be paid change. Modern institutional biomass prices at least matching the rate of general systems burn cleanly, with no visible emis- infl ation over time. sions or odors, and emit far less particulate Biomass systems tend to be reliable. matter than do conventional wood stoves. As the profi les here detail, these systems And while the burning of fossil fuels takes have been operating for years, sometimes carbon that has been locked away under- decades, with high reliability in hundreds ground, as crude oil and gas, and releases it of community, school, and institutional into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, bio- settings. Some systems are more automated mass energy systems recycle carbon that is than others; most do require more regular already a part of the natural cycle between cleaning than do fossil-fuel systems.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Pajama Game at the 5Th Avenue Theatre Encore Arts Seattle
    THE NATION’S LEADING MUSICAL THEATER FEB 10-MAR 5, 2017 FEBRUARY 2017 My wealth. My priorities. My partner. You’ve spent your life accumulating wealth. And, no doubt, that wealth now takes many forms, sits in many places, and is managed by many advisors. Unfortunately, that kind of fragmentation creates gaps that can hold your wealth back from its full potential. The Private Bank can help. The Private Bank uses a proprietary approach called the LIFE Wealth Cycle SM to ­ind those gaps—and help you achieve what is important to you. To learn more, contact: Carolyn Stewart Vice President, Private Wealth Advisor 2065874788 [email protected] or visit unionbank.com/theprivatebank Wills, trusts, foundations, and wealth planning strategies have legal, tax, accounting, and other implications. Clients should consult a legal or tax advisor. ©2016 MUFG Union Bank, N.A. All rights reserved. Member FDIC. Union Bank is a registered trademark and brand name of MUFG Union Bank, N.A. EAP full-page template.indd 1 9/6/16 11:17 AM February 2017 Volume 14, No. 4 cinema Paul Heppner Publisher Susan Peterson Design & Production Director Ana Alvira, Robin Kessler, Shaun Swick, Stevie VanBronkhorst Production Artists and Graphic Design Mike Hathaway Sales Director Brieanna Bright, Joey Chapman, Ann Manning, Rob Scott Seattle Area Account Executives Marilyn Kallins, Terri Reed San Francisco/Bay Area Account Executives Jonathan Shipley Ad Services Coordinator Carol Yip Sales Coordinator Sara Keats Jonathan Shipley Online Editors NT LIVE: HEDDA GABLER STARRING RUTH WILSON (“LUTHER,” “THE AFFAIR”) THU, MAR. 9 • 11AM & 6:30PM • SIFF CINEMA UPTOWN Leah Baltus Editor-in-Chief FOR TICKETS VISIT SIFF.NET/HEDDAGABLER Paul Heppner Publisher Dan Paulus Art Director Gemma Wilson, Jonathan Zwickel Senior Editors Amanda Manitach Visual Arts Editor Barry Johnson Associate Digital Editor Make retirement Paul Heppner delicious.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic and Policy Factors Driving Adoption of Institutional Woody Biomass Heating Systems in the U.S.☆
    Energy Economics 69 (2018) 456–470 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Energy Economics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/eneeco Economic and policy factors driving adoption of institutional woody biomass heating systems in the U.S.☆ Jesse D. Young a,⁎,1, Nathaniel M. Anderson b, Helen T. Naughton c, Katrina Mullan c a School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, 200 East Pine Knoll Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, United States b Forestry Sciences Lab, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, 800 East Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59802, United States c Department of Economics, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-5472, United States article info abstract Article history: Abundant stocks of woody biomass that are associated with active forest management can be used as fuel for Received 16 September 2015 bioenergy in many applications. Though factors driving large-scale biomass use in industrial settings have Received in revised form 26 August 2017 been studied extensively, small-scale biomass combustion systems commonly used by institutions for heating Accepted 23 November 2017 have received less attention. A zero inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model is employed to identify economic Available online xxxx and policy factors favorable to installation and operation of these systems. This allows us to determine the effec- tiveness of existing policies and identify locations where conditions offer the greatest potential for additional JEL classification: L73 promotion of biomass use. Adoption is driven by heating needs, fossil fuel prices, and proximity to woody bio- L78 mass resources, specifically logging residues, National Forests, and fuel treatments under the National Fire Plan. Q23 Published by Elsevier B.V.
    [Show full text]
  • The Putney School Master Plan May 2019
    The Putney School Master Plan May 2019 Preface | 1 Putney School Master Plan | May 2019 Preface | 2 The Putney School Master Plan May 2019 Updated from December 2011 2019 Campus Masterplanning Committee Emily Jones, Head of School Hugh Montgomery, Director of Development Dawn Zweig, Science Teacher Mark Grieco, Plant Manager Josh Laughlin ‘82, Board Chair Pete Stickney, Farm Manager Randy Smith, Assistant Head of School/CFO Student Representatives Cam Anderson ‘19 Oli Castillo ‘19 Izzy Snyder ‘19 Jules Fisher-White ‘19 Li Ding ‘19 Consultants Maclay Architects Energy Balance, Inc. DEW Construction Corp. Stevens & Associates, P.C. Additional consultants for the 2011 Master Plan: Don Hirsch Design Studio, LLC Lyssa Papazian Future Generations Forestry Preface | i Putney School Master Plan | May 2019 Preface | ii Contents Introduction v4. The Built Environment 15 Describes the structures on The Putney School campus and how they are used, and the circulation patterns vii Executive Summary for both pedestrians and vehicles across the campus Overview of Master Plan Implementation landscape. 4.1 Overall Campus Space Use 15 4.2 Gathering Spaces 19 4.3 Transportation, Circulation and Parking 20 1. Master Plan Background 1 Provides a brief profile of The Putney School and its regional context, a description of the Master 5. The Campus Plan 23 Planning process, and an explanation of the goals on Lays out programmatic recommendations for the this project. built and natural environment. This section identifies 1.1 Mission and Context 1 facilities that need to be re-envisioned to better serve 1.2 Master Plan Concept 2 the needs of the student body.
    [Show full text]
  • How Water Behaves 1-11-2016
    1/11/16 1 HOW WATER BEHAVES Contact: Bruce Ostler Bret Adams, Ltd. 448 West 44th Street New York, NY 10036 1 212-765-5630 [email protected] c. 2012 Sherry Kramer [email protected] 1/11/2016 1/11/16 2 HOW WATER BEHAVES CHARACTERS NAN, our luckless heroine Middle to late 20’s. She works at Crespy, a private high school. She’s not happy about it. She is obsessed with Melinda Gates and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. She’s married to Steve. Any race. STEVE, our reluctant hero Middle to late 20’s. He designs websites. The website designing company he works for just went under, so he’s out of work. He’s married to Nan. Any race. MOLLY Nan’s best friend. Middle to late 20’s. She wants a baby. She works at Crespy, a private high school, with Nan. She’s been an everyday hero to Nan since they were 8. Any race. ALLEN BELL string theory poet Early 30’s. Well, he’s our hero too…they’re all heroes! Any race. HANK Steve’s older brother Late 20’s, early 30’s. Hank is the same race as Steve. He’s not much of a hero, actually. But he means well. SALLY married to Hank Late 20’s, early 30’s. She’s made a lot of money in the market, and she’s rich and not ashamed of it. Any race. AYUTUNDE a young and lovely woman from Africa. In her 20’s. African. STRING THEORY POETRY written mostly by Michael Dickman, with my apologies for edits and revisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Foodscapes: Examining the United States' Carbon Diet
    FOSSIL FOODSCAPES: EXAMINING THE UNITED STATES’ CARBON DIET by SIENA POLK A THESIS Presented to the Department of International Studies and the Robert D. Clark Honors College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts June 2020 An Abstract of the Thesis of Siena Polk for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in the Department of International Studies to be taken June 2020 Title: Fossil Foodscapes: Examining the United States’ Carbon Diet Approved: _______________________________________ Dr. Galen Martin While many are aware of the inputs required to maintain food production at an industrial level in the United States, we seldom reflect on the profound significance of a food system that is so deeply rooted in what Matthew Huber calls the “dead ecologies of fossilized energy.” In order to more fully understand and critique the linkages between fossil fuels and agriculture, as well as their ecological and social implications, I examine the use of fossil fuels in agriculture through an eco-socialist framework. I employ Wim Carton’s fossil fuel landscape and Marx as developed by John Bellamy Foster’s concept of metabolic rift to illuminate the linkages between combustible carbons and the food we eat. Ultimately, these two concepts lead to a place of critical understanding in attempts to envision a more sustainable and resilient future. Such an inquiry is of the upmost urgency considering the dual threats of climate change and soil erosion. Both threats are exacerbated by our continued use of fossil fuels and the machines they power. ii iii Acknowledgements This thesis was written on Kalapuya land.
    [Show full text]
  • A Long Food Movement
    A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045 Lead authors: Pat Mooney, Nick Jacobs, Veronica Villa, Jim Thomas, Marie-Hélène Bacon, Louise Vandelac, and Christina Schiavoni. Advisory Group: Molly Anderson, Bina Agarwal, Million Belay, Jahi Chappell, Jennifer Clapp, Fabrice DeClerck, Matthew Dillon, Maria Alejandra Escalante, Ana Felicien, Emile Frison, Steve Gliessman, Mamadou Goïta, Shalmali Guttal, Hans Herren, Henk Hobbelink, Lim Li Ching, Sue Longley, Raj Patel, Darrin Qualman, Laura Trujillo-Ortega, and Zoe VanGelder. This text was approved by the IPES-Food panel and by ETC Group in March 2021. Citation: IPES-Food & ETC Group, 2021. A Long Food Movement: Transforming Food Systems by 2045. 2 Acknowledgements The lead authors were responsible for the development and drafting of this report through their participation in a Management Committee, under the leadership of Nick Jacobs (IPES- Food Director) and Pat Mooney (Project Lead, IPES-Food panel member and ETC Group co-founder). Research and editorial work was ably assisted by Anna Paskal in the final stages. Throughout the project, the Management Committee has been guided by the contributions of a 21-member Advisory Group, drawn from various world regions and civil society constituencies (including Indigenous peoples, peasant organizations, food workers, and youth climate activists) as well as from multilateral institutions, many scientific disciplines, and business. Although these experts have contributed extensively to guiding the analysis, their participation in the Advisory Group does not imply full validation of the report or specific ideas therein. The management committee would like to thank Advisory Group members for their invaluable commitment and expertise. They are also grateful to the full IPES-Food panel, which has played a key role in shaping and developing this project, and the full ETC Group team for their many research and review contributions, especially Neth Daño and Zahra Moloo.
    [Show full text]
  • Mississippi Steamboats and Steam Heat by Paula Mchugh
    Volume 18, Number 31 Thursday, August 8, 2002 Mississippi Steamboats and Steam Heat by Paula McHugh Is this heaven? No, it’s Iowa. Except when the mid-July heat index reads 106 degrees and the air so thick with moisture that you’re wondering if Mephistopheles might have been calling the weather shots. The famous “heaven” lines from the 1998 movie Field of Dreams hits the mark for urban dwellers in search of lush and wide-open spaces. If one ignores the occasional steam heat of a summer day. The plans, as far back as March, were to participate in the Bix 7, Davenport’s annual challenge to runners and walk- ers of all ages. It involves a long, steep climb up Brady Street Hill. Runners complete seven grueling miles. Walkers, the category my friend Cindy and I chose, would stretch our legs and collect blis- A steamboat slices its way down Ole Man River, passing under the I-74 bridge that ters for only two miles. But, we didn’t. The connects Davenport with Moline. This middle bridge is one of three that links hellish weather was a good excuse to the Quad Cities of Bettendorf, Davenport, Moline and Rock Island. bow out. a Hoosier presence during the big Davenport week- The Bix 7 is just one of a flurry of weekend activ- end seemed appropriate. Fitness buffs like the Bix 7 ities that draws thousands to the Quad Cities to and the rest of the thousands of visitors groove to the memorialize famous jazz coronetist Bix Biederbeck. jazz that melds with the tooting of the steamboats along Bix was a very good friend of Hoagy Carmichael, so the muddy brown Mississippi.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Energy Based on Sunflower Seed Husk Boiler For
    sustainability Article Sustainable Energy Based on Sunflower Seed Husk Boiler for Residential Buildings Miguel-Angel Perea-Moreno 1,* , Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro 2 and Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno 1 1 Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Córdoba, ceiA3, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; [email protected] 2 Department of Engineering, University of Almeria, ceiA3, 04120 Almeria, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-957-212-633 Received: 13 September 2018; Accepted: 20 September 2018; Published: 25 September 2018 Abstract: Buildings account for one third of the world’s energy consumption, 70% of which is devoted to heating and cooling. To increase the share of renewables in the energy consumption of buildings, it is necessary to research and promote new sources of green energy. World production of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) was 47.34 million tons in 2016, with a harvested area of 26.20 million hectares, and the main producing countries being Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and Argentina, which produce about half of world production of sunflower seed. The sunflower husk, which represents a percentage by weight of 45%–60% of the seed depending on the sunflower variety, is widely used for the production of feed; however, its energy use is very scarce. The objectives of this study were to analyse the energy properties of sunflower husk as a solid biofuel and to carry out an energy, environmental, economic and operational analysis of a thermal installation fed with this by-product of the sunflower oil industry. The results show that this agro-industrial waste has a Higher Heating Value (HHV) of 17.844 MJ/kg, similar to that of other solid biofuels currently used.
    [Show full text]
  • Biomass for Cooling System Technologies: a Feasibility Guide
    Biomass for Cooling System Technologies: A Feasibility Guide May 2016 Co-Authors: Roopesh Pushpala Graduate Research Assistant University of Minnesota, CURA Agricultural Utilization Research Institute Partners: University of Minnesota, Center for Urban and Regional Affairs (CURA) University of Minnesota, Northwest Regional Sustainable Development Partnership (NWRSDP) Western Illinois University, Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs (IIRA) Northwest Minnesota Multi-County Housing & Redevelopment Authority (NWMHRA) Greater Minnesota Management (GMM) Northwest Manufacturing, Inc. / WoodMaster, Minnesota Pinecrest Medical Care Facility, Michigan Heating the Midwest Biomass Resources & Demographics Action Team The Community Assistantship Program (CAP) is a cross-college, cross-campus University of Minnesota initiative coordinated by the Center for Urban and Regional Affairs (CURA). Funds for CAP were generously provided by the McKnight Foundation and the Blandin Foundation. This is a publication of the Center for Urban and Regional Affairs (CURA), which connects the resources of the University of Minnesota with the interests and needs of urban communities and the region for the benefit of all. CURA pursues its urban and regional mission by facilitating and supporting connections between state and local governments, neighborhoods, and nonprofit organizations, and relevant resources at the University, including faculty and students from appropriate campuses, colleges, centers or departments. The content of this report is the responsibility of the author and is not necessarily endorsed by the Kris Nelson Community- Based Research Program, CURA or the University of Minnesota © 2016 by The Regents of the University of Minnesota. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution--- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pajama Game
    Some investments are not about getting rich. They’re about being enriched. You can’t put a value on a performance that moves your soul. But you can support it with all of your heart. That’s why we are proud to invest our resources in the arts and the contribution they make to our city. PROUD SPONSOR OF THE ARTS ©2008 First Tennessee Bank National Association. Member FDIC. www.firsttennessee.com CHANEL N° 5 EAU PREMIÉRE New! A decidedly lighter, fresher, softer interpretation of N° 5…a silky-smooth harmony of notes that reveals the delicate facet of the world-renowned fragrance. 5 oz. Eau de Parfum, $125. Have your fragrance delivered for 5.95. Call 1.800.456.2297 Selection varies by store. CHANEL N° 5 is a registered trademark of CHANEL® Inc. Z8110018 Z8110018_dec_nashville_performing_arts.indd 1 11/3/08 10:27:48 AM Ad PAMag size.qxp 7/20/2007 3:37 PM Page 1 PASSION for EXCELLENCE From our vantage point, the key to greatness is having a PASSION for EXCELLENCE. Whether it’s making great tires or beautiful symphonic music…at Bridgestone Americas we believe it’s all about the art of performance. We’re building world-class tires in Tennessee and investing in our communities. Working in close harmony with our hometowns is a performance that makes us all proud. Bridgestone Americas www.bridgestoneamericas.com REPRESENTATIONAL PHOTO REPRESENTATIONAL hen we learned how sick Mom was, we didn’t know what to do. We’re so thankful that her doctor told us about Alive WHospice.
    [Show full text]
  • Benson, Hibbing, Virginia Compromise with Xcel on Removal of Biomass
    Lyon leaves Melrose improved over 42-year municipal utility career 763.551.1230 Plymouth, MN 55447 3025 Harbor Lane North MMUA by Steve Downer have been hard on his sleep pat- Dale Lyon didn’t learn about tern, at least initially, but he electricity by reading a book learned just about everything or at a computer, though there there was to know about plant was plenty of that along the operation. way—he learned by making and He worked seven years in distributing it, to friends and the plant. He soaked up every- neighbors. thing he could, but his goal was Lyon, the electrical supervi- to get outside on the line crew, sor for Melrose Public Utilities, which he joined in 1982. He was retires Aug. 11. That is 42 years, named line foreman in 1985, as to the day, that he went to work the city distribution system was for the municipal electric and being converted from delta to water utility. wye. It didn’t seem like a long time, As a lineman, it helped to he said. “It went fast.” understand generation and the Lyon was 23 when he an- different feeders that carried swered an ad in the local paper, electricity from the plant. He for a person to work at the Mel- continued to learn as he worked. rose power plant. He was hired. He isn’t shy to admit that the Dale Lyon retires August 11 after 42 years with Melrose Public Utilities. The plant, at the time, was experience he gained led to “a staffed 24 hours a day, seven very good understanding of the days a week.
    [Show full text]
  • Using a Life Cycle Assessment Approach to Estimate the Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Bioenergy
    Using a Life Cycle Assessment Approach to Estimate the Net This strategic report was prepared by Mr Neil Bird, Joanneum Greenhouse Gas Research, Austria; Professor Annette Cowie, The National Emissions of Centre for Rural Greenhouse Gas Research, Australia; Dr Francesco Bioenergy Cherubini, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway; and Dr Gerfried Jungmeier; Joanneum Research, Austria. The report addresses the key methodological aspects of life cycle assessment (LCA) with respect to greenhouse gas (GHG) balances of bioenergy systems. It includes results via case studies, for some important bioenergy supply chains in comparison to fossil energy systems. The purpose of the report is to produce an unbiased, authoritative statement aimed especially at practitioners, policy advisors, and policy makers. IEA Bioenergy IEA Bioenergy:ExCo:2011:03 1 Using a Life Cycle assessMent approaCh to estiMate the net greenhoUse gas Emissions of Bioenergy authors: Mr Neil Bird (Joanneum Research, Austria), Professor Annette Cowie (The National Centre for Rural Greenhouse Gas Research, Australia), Dr Francesco Cherubini (Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway) and Dr Gerfried Jungmeier (Joanneum Research, Austria). Key Messages 1. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is used to quantify the environmental impacts of products or services. It includes all processes, from cradle-to-grave, along the supply chain of the product or service. When analysing the global warming impact of energy systems, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (particularly CO2, CH4, and N2O) are of primary concern. 2. To determine the comparative GHG impacts of bioenergy, the bioenergy system being analysed should be compared with a reference energy system, e.g. a fossil energy system.
    [Show full text]