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GARDENING for POLLINATORS: a FAMILY AFFAIR by Rachel Campbell 11 How to Involve the Entire Family

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GARDENING for POLLINATORS: a FAMILY AFFAIR by Rachel Campbell 11 How to Involve the Entire Family In This Issue Autumn A WESTERN BLUE PYGMY by Joan Fox Cover 7KLVEHDXWLIXOEXWWHUÁ\VWRSSHGWRIXHOXSRQWXUSHQWLQHLQWKHSKRWRJUDSKHU·V7XFVRQJDUGHQ ECHOES OF CHANGE by Brigette Brown 7 An interview with Dr Winifred Frick of Bat Conservation International. BUBBLES FOR BEES by Fanni Szakal 9 An innovative new method of pear pollination. GARDENING FOR POLLINATORS: A FAMILY AFFAIR by Rachel Campbell 11 How to involve the entire family. BEYOND THE HIVE by Rusty Burlew 15 $QLQWHUYLHZZLWK'U-RKQ$VFKHUDQDYLGEHHLGHQWLÀHU NOT MY STUDIO by Jake Mosher 27 A photographer’s view of how nature and our night sky connect. GOLDENROD by Nicholas Dorian 41 A plant that deserves space in your garden. “ARCHITECT” BEES by Madeleine Ostwald 43 The incredible homes built by carpenter bees. GREENHOUSE BUMBLE BEES by John P. Roche 46 The interactions of commercial bumble bees, pathogens, and native bees. A BALANCING ACT by Elaine Evans 50 Wild bee conservation and managed bee health. “I’M GONNA LET THE BUMBLE BEE BE” by Theresa Leininger-Miller 54 Comic American Bumble Bee Songs, 1901-1925. CROWN BEES by Olivia Box 61 Bringing native bees to backyards. AN UNEXPECTED ALLY TO PLANT LIFE by Jazmin Murphy 63 How the coyote helps plant biodiversity thrive. 1 2 MILLION BLOSSOMS In This Issue SOCIAL BUZZ by Cindy Fleet 67 Our arts & culture column features wildlife artist Louise McNaught. WHAT’S BUGGING by Rusty Burlew 71 The curious tale of a toxic trio. A MOONLIT GARDEN by Anita Stone 73 How to attract nighttime pollinators to your garden. TASTING THE TERROIR by C. Marina Marchese 76 Join an eminent honey connoisseur as she walks us through how to properly taste honey. YOU NEED MORE THAN JUST FLOWERS by Bryan Reynolds 84 ,I\RXZDQWWRDWWUDFWEXWWHUÁLHVWR\RXUJDUGHQ\RXQHHGWRFUHDWHDQHFRV\VWHP TO GROW A RARE PLANT GO BACK TO ITS ROOTS by Elizabeth Thompson 91 The tiny island of Mauritius sends a rare plant emissary to the US. BEES OF BLUE by Kit Prendergast 95 A native bee scientist explains how some bees get their striking color. REVISTING CARLINVILLE by Rebecca E. Hirsch 101 How a small town in Illinois provides import insight into insect declines. SUBSCRIPTIONS Annual Digital Subscription $20 The views expressed in the magazine are those of the contributors and not necessarily the editor. We are always open to submissions. Consider US Annual Print Subscription $35 advertising in 2 Million Blossoms if you want to reach avid gardeners, Student Print Subscription $18 pollinator enthusiasts, and individuals interested in sustainability. Canadian Print Subscription $55 This magazine is published by Protect our Pollinators, LLC, a private International Print Subscription $60 limited liability company. 2 Million Blossoms neither endorses nor ac- cepts any responsibility for the content of the advertisements featured in the magazine. To order visit us online at: 2MillionBlossoms.com/subscribe Published by Protect our Pollinators, LLC, Copyright © 2020. All rights reserved. Or send a check made out to: ISSN: 2689-5889 (print) 2689-5897 (online) Protect our Pollinators 42 Stannard Ave Branford, CT 06405 Our Po ct ll e in t a o t Subscriptions now available for multiple years. If you r o P r like this magazine, please share it, recommend it, gift it. s Niche publications need reader support. w w m Editor o w. .c 2M s il om Dr. Kirsten S. Traynor lionBloss [email protected] Social Media 2 Million Blossoms is printed by Modern Litho using vegetable-based facebook.com/2MBlossoms inks onto paper which has been sourced from well-managed and sus- ȱǯȱȱȱȱȱ ŝțȱȱęȱȱȱ instagram.com/2MillionBlossoms ȱ ȱȱțȱȱ ȱȬȬ¢țȱę- twitter.com/2MBlossoms cations. This magazine was printed using wind powered electricity. 2 EDITORIAL A Brief Word hat a long way we’ve come! 2 Million Blos- Despite a pandemic, we’ve been growing our subscrib- soms has survived and thriYHG LQ LWV ÀUVW er base steadily. This has been much harder than usual, as year of publication due to enthusiastic read- all of our live events were canceled in 2020. If you have a ers like you. Everyone says print is dead, but gardening buddy, a pollinator enthusiast, or a friend interest- hereW we are proving them wrong. You’re holding our 4th and ed in sustainability, let them know about us. Word-of-mouth ÀQDOLVVXHRI LQ\RXUKDQGV7KDQN\RXVRPXFKIRU is critical to small businesses. Every new subscription really being part of the journey. does mean the world to us. We’ve brought back our Holiday A huge shout-out to all of our early subscribers, espe- Shopping Made Easy: 4 gift subscriptions for $100. cially the ones that believed in us from the very beginning We ran a survey to learn more about what you, our read- and contributed to our successful Kickstarter campaign. We ers, like about the magazine and where we can improve. We could not have done it without you. My sincere thanks and learned that over 90% of our readers have a garden and over gratitude. I have learned so much about running an indepen- 80% have been gardening for 10+ years. They love the ar- dent magazine during this year. Each issue has taken shape ticles written by scientists and want more how-to pieces to through long hours at my keyboard. I’ve worked closely with improve pollinator habitat. If you didn’t get a chance to par- my contributors to help them craft the best possible stories. ticipate and would like to tell us about what you want to read, Although we look slick, we’re a scrappy, little publication visit: www.2millionblossoms.com/news/readersurvey. that pours all of our funding into our writers, photographers, We listened. This issue contains numerous articles by sci- cartoonists, and the quality of our print production. A mag- HQWLVWVDSLHFHRQQHZUHVHDUFKÀQGLQJVUHJDUGLQJEXPEOH azine is only ever as good as its writers. Quality writing costs bees by Dr. Elaine Evans, an article on the amazing architec- time and energy. We thank our contributors for being part of ture of carpenter bees by graduate student Madeleine Ost- this pollinator publication. One subscriber recently wrote to wald, and an article on the role of coyotes as seed dispersers tell me “These magazines are so well done, I will be saving by scientist Jazmin Murphy. We also bring you two inter- WKHPIRUP\JUDQGFKLOGUHQµ6RRIÀFLDOO\ZH·UHDQKHLUORRP views, speaking with Dr. Winifred Frick to learn more about As the founder and editor, I of course see all the things the work of Bat Conservation International, plus Rusty Bur- that could still be improved. But we seem to hit a good bal- OHZLQWHUYLHZVEHHLGHQWLÀHUH[WUDRUGLQDLUH'U-RKQ$VFKHU ance of articles in each issue. Our goal has always been to in- in her “Beyond the Hive” column. spire, inform, and entertain, so that each issue can be dipped To satisfy the how-to advocates, we’re bringing you four into lightly or enjoyed at length for a serious read. We try to articles on gardening for pollinators. One is on planting a make the articles both eye-catching and informative, so that moonlit garden to attract night pollinators. Then we have a they tickle the curiosity of anyone who happens to see an ORYHO\SLHFHE\RXUÀHOGUHSRUWHU%U\DQ5H\QROGVRQKRZWR issue lying around on a coffee table somewhere. LQFRUSRUDWHEXWWHUÁ\KDELWDWLQWR\RXUJDUGHQ5DFKHO&DPS- :HVLQFHUHO\KRSH\RX·YHHQMR\HGWKHÀUVW\HDURI SXE- bell talks about getting the entire family involved in pollina- lication. We’ve had an overabundance of submissions and tor gardening, and bee scientist Nicholas Dorian dispels the VRWKHPDQ\JUHDWDUWLFOHVWKDWFRXOGQ·WÀWLQWRWKLVLVVXHZLOO many myths about goldenrod and lists several that are garden form the backbone of our winter issue in January 2021. If friendly. you’ve been with us since the very beginning and this is your 7KDQN\RXIRUEHLQJSDUWRI RXUÀUVW\HDURI H[LVWHQFH, IRXUWKLVVXHLW·VVDGO\DOVR\RXUÀQDOLVVXHXQOHVV\RXUHQHZ hope we walk the next few years together, working as a com- I know we all want less clutter in our lives, but consider re- munity to protect the precious pollinators that help feed us. newing. All of the money generated through subscriptions is Sincerely, poured right back into our production costs. Kirsten S. Traynor 3 2 MILLION BLOSSOMS RESUBSCRIBE TODAY 1 Year $35 2 Years $60 3 Years $75 2MillionBlossoms.com/Subscribe/Resubscribe If this is your 4th issue, it will be your last under your current subscription. Resubscribe now. We sincerely thank our loyal subscribers and hope our journey together continues for many years to come. We hope we can count on your continued support. Resubscribe so you don’t miss out on this magazine full of pollinator love. 4 NATIVE BEES Echoes of Change An interview with Dr. Winifred Frick © Winifred Frick © Winifred by Brigette Brown Leponycteris nivalis, the greater long-nosed bat ost of our readers are familiar with bees and 2MB: Bat Conservation International has been around for a hummingbirds as pollinators, but bats are not while. What does the organization do? as well understood. To help inform our readers about these very effective winged pollinators, WF: Bat Conservation International was started nearly 40 Mwe caught up with Dr. Winifred Frick, the internationally re- years ago. Before that, I’m not sure there was much attention nowned Chief Scientist at Bat Conservation International, a or focus on the need to protect and conserve bats. BCI has globally recognized conservation organization dedicated to played a critical role in raising awareness and advocating for ending bat extinctions. research and conservation of bats over the past four decades and we continue in that tradition today. There is now a vi- 2MB: Tell us about your professional history. How did you brant community of scientists and conservation advocates get involved working with bats, and what do you love most about your job? Winifred Frick: I started studying bats 20 years ago in the summer of 2000.
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