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Ocypode Ceratophthalma 245 OCYPODE CERATOPHTHALMA. NOTE XXXVIII. Carcinological Studies in the Leyden Museum BY Dr. J.G. de Man N°. 3. Ocypode ceratophthalma, Pallas. Ocypode ceratophthalma, Milne Edwards, Annal. Scienc. 141. Baron der Dec- Nat. 1852, p. Hilgendorf, in: von ken’s Reisen in 82. Ost-Afrika, p. The Leyden collection contains: 1°. eleven specimens, collected on the shores of Nossy-Paly near Madagascar, 2°. three from the island of Xulla-Bessy (Moluccas), 3°. 3 one from. Amboina, 4°. eight (5 , ) from Amoy (China), G. presented by Mr. Schlegel, 5°. one from the Philippi- collected Semper and nes, by presented by the Göttingen under the of Museum name Ocyp. longecornuta Dana. — All these specimens, though positively belonging to the same species, present however some remarkable varieties. The terminal of the spines eyes are very long and strong in the adult smaller in males, becoming gradually younger specimens (Ocyp. urvillei Guérin) and being only tubercu- liform even in the adult females; their relative thickness however presents individual varieties, these spines being slender and in the and Amboina tapering Nossy-Paly spe- cimens, but thicker in the Amoy individuals, and in the adult of the large ma\e specimen Philippines they are a little shorter but rather thicker than in the Amoy forms, Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. 111. 246 OCYPODE CERATOI'IITHALMA. the * crabs agreeing for the rest wholly with one another. There are patches of thick hair on the under surface of the penultimate joints of the second and third legs and the musical ridge on the inner surface of the larger hand of transverse the male consists of numerous small secondary crowded the under half of the ridges, that are more on intervals the half ridge hut separated by larger on upper into small tubercles the and change even gradually at upper end. This however most remarkable species presents many varieties the (perhaps local) as regards general physiogno- of surface of the caused dif- my the upper carapace, by a of the lateral of varieties that ferent course margin it, seem to have heen regarded by Milne Edwards and others as different species. In all specimens however the external orbital directed angles, transversely outward, do not pro- ject beyond the bottom (»f'ond" Milne Edw.) of the exter- nal of the portion very oblique supraorbital margin and situated much behind the bottom of its are very internal portion. But the epibranchial angle, that lies there where the lateral margin is crossed by the oblique granular line on the lateral surfaces of the cephalothorax, projects more than external in or less outward the orbital angle. So the and in Nossy-Faly also the Xulla-Bessy specimens the ex- ternal orbital angle projects more outward than the epi- branchial the lateral therefore , margin being nearly straight and directed obliquely backwards, but in the adult Amoy specimens and in that of the Philippines the epibranchial angle projects more than the external orbital, the lateral more the whole margin being consequently arcuated, upper surface of the to be broader than that carapace appearing of the Nossy-Faly specimens. To this variety with relati- broader the vely carapace perhaps belong Ocyp. platytarsis Lam. and Ocyp. brevicornis M. Edw. But the specimen of Amboina and from even a young Amoy present a remar- kable transition, the external orbital and the epibranchial angles equally projecting outward. Notes from the Leyden Museum, "Vol. 111. OCYPODE AEGYPTIACA. 247 the of the For the rest, as regards shape hands, of the musical ridge, of the abdomen, of the legs, these varieties another. wholly resemble one Ocypode aegyptiaca Gerst. Ocypode aegyptiaca, Gerstaecker, Arcliiv. f. Naturg. XXII, 134. pag. The Museum contains nine fine specimens collected at Djeddah by Mr. Kruyt (8 cf, 1 9) aQ d two others also from the Red Mr. Kossmaun under the Sea, presented by uaine of the preceding species. These two species are however quite different ones. Ocyp. aegyptiaca constantly and really from the 1° other differs ceratophthalma Pallas, by a quite shape of the cephalothorax, 2". by the patch of thick hair occurring only on the penultimate joints of the second legs, 3°. by the long musical ridge of the male, the transverse lines and much crowded secondary being equally very over and delicate. the whole length very The terminal of the slender and ta- spines eyes are very pering, and long both in the adult male and adult female, and becoming tuberculiform even quite disappearing in the The surface of the is young. upper carapace very convex in a longitudinal sense, everywhere granulated, more coar- lateral the front sely on the regions, being large, trunca- ted and granulated, the supra-orbital margin minutely den- ticulate. — The external orbital angle is rather obtuse, the that part of lateral margin which lies between the ex- ternal orbital and epibranchial angles being convex, pro- outward called and mi- jecting more than the first angle, nutely denticulate; the posterior part of the margin, like lateral the the ridge that occurs on the surface of carapace is little are granular. The large hand a higher than in the preceding species, the under margin being more con- the vex and coarsely denticulate, upper margin more acute than in ceratophthalma. The dactylopodites are rather broa- der than in the' preceding species. Notes from the Leyden Museum, Vol. HI 248 OCYPODE COKDIMANA. external In young specimens the orbital angle is a right and one, the musical ridge is quite developped. Ocypode cursor Belon. Ocypode cursor Belon, Milne Edwards, Annal. Scienc. Nat. 142. 1852, p. In this two adult male species, and several young spe- cimens of which from the Congo coast were presented by Mr. P. Kamerman, Officer of the Dutch commercial com- the pany on the Congo coast, musical ridge, tapering at both its consists of transverse delicate ends, many lines, in that crowded like Ocyp. aegyptiaca, are equally over its whole length. We received also a fine male from Acra d'Elmina. Ocypode arenaria Catesby. Confer: S. I. Smith, Crustacea on the Coast of new Eng- land in: Transactions Connecticut Academy, Vol. IV, July 254. 1880, p. We male of received a fine specimen from the shores the island of Curasao. The musical ridge consists of a series of very small round tubercles ; the external orbital angle projects even beyond the rounded prominence on the su- praorbital margin. This species may be distinguished at first sight by the long hairs, with which the ambulatory legs are clothed. Ocypode cordimana Latr. Ocypode cordimana Latreille, Milne Edwards, Alpli. Milne du Edwards, Nouv. Arch, Musee, T. IX, pag. 271, Hil- 82. Nec cordimana de gendorf, 1. c pag. Ocyp. Haan, Tab. 4. Fauna Jap. Crust, p. 57, XV, fig. The Museum contains 33 specimens, collected at Amoy Notes from the Leycleii Museum, Vol. 111. OCYTODE COItLUMANA. 249 from by Mr. G. Sclilegel'), one adult female specimen the island of Xulla-Bessy, four specimens (2 cf, 2 9) from the shores of Shanghir and one fine male individual, collected at Bezoeki (Java) by Mr. Semmelink, All these specimens with another. wholly agree one This Indian common species may be distinguished from all other of 1°. the devoid species Ocypode , by eyes being of in the terminal spines even adult, 2°. by the inner sur- face of the larger hand having no trace of a musical ridge both in the male and in the female and 3°. by the shape the of the cephalothorax and of legs. The description of this long known form being still ever insufficient, it will be allowed to give another one. The is and its cephalothorax very high thick; upper sur- face convex extremely longitudinally, everywhere granu- the somewhat lated, granules being coarser on the lateral and the front. Front portions on with a minute triangular median incision on its anterior margin. Supraorbital mar- gin transverse with a rounded prominence on each side of the front, with the acute external orbital angles directed forward, projecting beyond the described prominence and the base of the front. The beyond epibranchial angle pro- the external orbital and that of the jects beyond part gra- nulated lateral margin, that lies between these two angles, is behind the the lateral convex; epibranchial angle mar- gin is rather a little concave and does not proceed till the of the but at posterior margin carapace ceases some dis- tance from it. The minutely denticulated suborbital mar- gin is separated by a deep incision from the external or- bital angle, and the internal suborbital tooth is acute and and granulated. Pterygostomian regions convex gra- of nulated. Internal inferior margin the arms provided denticulated crest. The with a sternum is less granular than that of Ocyp. ceratophthalma and the various joints of Tlicse labelled Mr. TIcrklots 1) Amoy specimens were by as Ocypode gros- simana llerklots; hanpily, as far as I am aware, this name never has been published, for they belong all to the common Ocyp. cordimana Latr. Notes irom the Leydcn Museum, "Vol. lU. Lβ 250 OCYPODE KUHLII. the male abdomen are comparatively broader, less elongate than in that species. The external shape of the hands with that of the hands of very much agrees Ocyp. cera- but the tubercles the tophthalma Pallas, on upper margin of the hand and the of the mobile larger 011 upper margin finger are less spiniform, more depressed. The penultimate joints of the second and third ambulatory legs are provi- ded with a patch of hairs on the under surface and the dactylopodites are rather broad and clothed with hairs 011 the margins. As the of it regards geographical range our species, oc- curs positively on the shores of Zanzibar, Java, Xulla- Bessy, Sanghir, New-Caledonia and Amoy, so that it is found in the whole Indian Ocean and Malayan Archi- pelago.
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