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東北地方双葉層群白亜紀後期コニアシアンから産出したハドロサウルス類 大橋智之・Albert PRIETO-MÁRQUEZ・長谷川善和・国府田良樹・竹谷陽二郎・根本守 1

北九州市における絶滅危惧水生植物ガシャモクの衰退要因 真鍋徹・須田隆一・清水啓司 7 北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館研究報告A類（自然史）投稿要領

１. 分野：自然史に関する原著論文，短報等（和文または欧文）でつぎのうち一つ以上にあたるもの． ⑴ 北九州域の自然史に関するもの． ⑵ 当館の収集活動に関するもの（例：新種記載に際して，ホロタイプまたはパラタイプ・トポタイ プ等の標本が当館に収蔵される場合）． ⑶ 当館の行う調査研究に関係するもの． ⑷ 既に当館に収蔵されている標本に関するもの． ⑸ 当館学芸員の研究活動に関係するもの． ⑹ 編集委員会が適当と認めるもの．

２. 審査：投稿原稿は，編集委員会ならびに委託された査読者による審査の後採否が決定される．修正 の必要のあるとされた原稿は，査読者の意見と共に返送されるので，著者は必要な訂正を行った後， 速やかに再提出する．体裁については編集委員会に一任される．

３. 北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館研究報告Ａ類（自然史）に掲載された論文の著作権（著作財産権， Copyright）は，北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館に帰属するものとする．

４. 投稿を希望される方は，あらかじめ下記にご連絡下さい．

連絡先：北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館 〒 ８０５－００７１

北九州市八幡東区東田二丁目４番１号

電話 （０ ９３）６８１－１０１１

ＦＡＸ （０９３）６６１－７５０３ Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist. Hum. Hist., Ser. A, 13: Hadrosauroid1–6, March 31, from 2015 the Futaba 1

Hadrosauroid remains from the (Late ) Futaba Group, 北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館研究報告A類（自然史）投稿要領 Northeastern Japan

1 2 3 4 hashi rieto árquez asegawa oda １. 分野：自然史に関する原著論文，短報等（和文または欧文）でつぎのうち一つ以上にあたるもの． Tomoyuki O , Albert P -M , Yoshikazu H , Yoshiki K , 5 6 aketani emoto ⑴ 北九州域の自然史に関するもの． Yojiro T & Mamoru N

⑵ 当館の収集活動に関するもの（例：新種記載に際して，ホロタイプまたはパラタイプ・トポタイ 1Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, 2-4-1 Higashida, Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 805-0071, Japan プ等の標本が当館に収蔵される場合）． 2School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom ⑶ 当館の行う調査研究に関係するもの． 3Gunma Museum of Natural History, 1674-1 Kamikuroiwa, Tomioka, Gunma 370-2345, Japan 4 ⑷ 既に当館に収蔵されている標本に関するもの． Ibaraki Nature Museum, 700 Osaki, Bando, Ibaraki 306-0622, Japan 5 ⑸ 当館学芸員の研究活動に関係するもの． Fukushima Museum, 1-25 Jotomachi, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima 965-0807, Japan 6 ⑹ 編集委員会が適当と認めるもの． Hirono Board of Education, Hironomachi, Fukushima 979-0402, Japan

(Received December 15, 2014; accepted February 20, 2015) ２. 審査：投稿原稿は，編集委員会ならびに委託された査読者による審査の後採否が決定される．修正 の必要のあるとされた原稿は，査読者の意見と共に返送されるので，著者は必要な訂正を行った後， ABSTRACT — We describe isolated maxillary and cervical from the Upper Cretaceous Ashizawa 速やかに再提出する．体裁については編集委員会に一任される． Formation of the Futaba Group in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, which belong to a hadrosauroid . The occurrence of these materials in the shallow-marine sediments suggests the habitat of this dinosaur in the coastal region, as discussed in previous studies. ３. 北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館研究報告Ａ類（自然史）に掲載された論文の著作権（著作財産権， Copyright）は，北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館に帰属するものとする． KEY WORDS: Cervical vertebra, Futaba Group, , Maxillary tooth

４. 投稿を希望される方は，あらかじめ下記にご連絡下さい．

INTRODUCTION Fukushima Prefecture, Japan by the Watanabe family (Hasegawa 連絡先：北九州市立自然史・歴史博物館 et al., 1987) (Fig. 1). Hasegawa et al. (1987) also reported a 〒 ８０５－００７１ Hadrosauroids are herbivorous and characterized by distal part of a theropod and a partial snout of a putative, the possession of complex dental batteries and hypertrophied “mesosuchian”-grade crocodyliform from the same locality. An 北九州市八幡東区東田二丁目４番１号 nasal passages that are associated to iconic supracranial crests anterior dorsal vertebra of hadrosaurid (IMCF 1124) was also 電話 （０ ９３）６８１－１０１１ in Hadrosauridae. They occur in the northern hemisphere, found in the Ashizawa Formation in Iwaki City, Fukushima ( anabe ) ( ＦＡＸ （０９３）６６１－７５０３ South America and Antarctica from the Aptian through the Prefecture M et al., 2003 . The Futaba Group early stages of the Cretaceous (Prieto-Márquez, 2010). Coniacian to early in age) consists of fluvial to Hadrosauroidea include a suite of progressively more derived shallow-marine sediments yielding many invertebrate taxa leading to a major radiation represented by Hadrosauridae, (Ando et al., 1995) and some marine vertebrates, e.g., the which includes Saurolophinae (formerly called Hadrosaurinae) plesiosaur Futabasaurus suzukii (Sato et al., 2006). Here, we and (Prieto-Márquez, 2010). According to describe those hadrosaurian remains collected in the Kitazawa Prieto-Márquez (2010), these two range from Santonian and discuss their taxonomic affinities. to Maastrichtian in age. Few, non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroids are known from the and Coniacian of Asia (Prieto- Institutional Abbreviations — FM: Fukushima Museum, Márquez, 2010). However, according to Sues & Averianov Fukushima, Japan, IMCF: Iwaki Museum of Coal and , (2009), and Levnesovia are from these stages. Fukushima, Japan In addition, hadrosauroids Shuangmiaosaurus and Yunganglong are known from the mid-Cretaceous and early Late GEOLOGICAL SETTING Cretaceous of China, respectively (You & Ji, 2003; Wang et al., 2013). The Futaba Group, which crops out in Hirono Town, is In 1986, hadrosauroid dinosaur remains (an isolated divided into three formations. In ascending order, these are tooth and a cervical vertebra) were found from the Obisagawa Ashizawa Formation, Kasamatsu Formation, and Tamayama Member of the Ashizawa Formation, Futaba Group in Kitazawa Formation. The Ashizawa Formation, mainly fan delta to inner (commonly known as Sakurazawa Valley), Hirono Town, shelf sediments, consists of two members: the Asamigawa 2 Tomoyuki Ohashi, Albert Prieto-Márquez, Yoshikazu Hasegawa, Yoshiki Koda, Yojiro Taketani & Mamoru Nemoto

LEGEND Tamayama Fm.

Kasamatsu Fm.

Ashizawa Fm. Locality of the present specimens 1 km

Age Division Facies

Tamayama Fm. Braided river to Inner Shelf

100 km Kasamatsu Fm. Meandering > braided river Coniacian

Futaba Group Ashizawa Fm. River to Inner Shelf

Fig. 1. Locality map of the present specimens. Modified fromA ndo et al. (1995).

Member and the Obisagawa Member in ascending order (Fig. 1). The depositional environment of the Asamigawa Member is fan delta to braided river/talus, and that of the Obisagawa Member is lower shoreface to inner shelf (Ando et al., 1995). The isolated tooth specimen was found together with Mesopuzoia yubarensis (Matsumoto et al., 1989). According to Ando et al. (1995), the Ashizawa Formation is early Coniacian

SYSTEMATIC

DINOSAURIA Owen, 1842 Seeley, 1887 Marsh, 1881 HADROSAUROIDEA Sereno, 1986

Material — Isolated maxillary tooth crown (FM-N201300172, Fig. 2) and cervical vertebra (FM-N201300171, Fig. 3); it is uncertain whether these two elements come from the same individual or not. Locality and Horizon — Kitazawa, Hirono Town, Fukushima Prefecture, northeast of Japan. The Obisagawa Member, Ashizawa Formation, Futaba Group (Coniacian, Upper Cretaceous). Repository — Fukushima Museum, Aizuwakamatsu City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan.

Fig. 2. FM-N201300172, Isolated maxillary tooth. Hadrosauroid from the Futaba Group 3

DESCRIPTION (A) Maxillary tooth — The tooth crown is lozenge-shaped, lacking its base, making the angle between the crown and the root undetermined (FM-N201300172, Fig. 2). The preserved crown height is 27.7 mm and the maximum width is 9.5 mm. The length from the widest point to the apex of the crown is 14.2 mm. Assuming that the incomplete half of the crown was as tall as the apical half, we estimate the height of the complete crown in 28.4 mm, making the tooth crown three times taller than wide. The enamel is restricted to the labial surface of the tooth, which bears a single prominent ridge slightly offset from the transverse plane of the crown. This ridge extends through the entire length (B)) of the crown. Apically, the ridge gradually becomes shallower. Both the mesial and distal margins of the crown bear small papillae of similar size. These morphological characters are listed in Table 1. Typically, hadrosauroid functional teeth display wear facets, whereas the replacement teeth do not. Because the present specimen remains unworn, it likely represents a replacement tooth. Cervical vertebra — A centrum with a partial neural arch is preserved (FM-N201300171, Fig. 3). The centrum is strongly opisthocoelus. The cranial facet of the centrum is 72.9 mm wide and 57.6 mm high. The bases of the parapophyses are preserved and slightly bent forward. The transverse processes are not preserved. Laterally, the neural arch is completely fused (C) to the centrum. The neural canal is oval in cross section. Only the bases of both postzygapophyses are preserved, and the prezygapophyses are missing entirely. The neural spine is poorly developed.

DISCUSSION

Maxillary tooth —The presence of marginal papillae and a single ridge are characters present among many species of hadrosauroids. Examples of basal hadrosauroids showing maxillary teeth with a single ridge include byrdi Fig. 3. FM-N201300171, Partial cervical vertebra. (A) Cranial, (Head, 1998), Levnesovia transoxiana (Sues and Averianov, (B) caudal, and (C) left lateral views, respectively. Scale bar 2009), insularis (Dalla Vecchia, 2009), equals 10 mm. Gilmoreosaurus mongoliensis (Prieto-Márquez & Norell,

Table 1. Coding for FM-N201300172 for characters in Prieto-Márquez (2010).

Dentary tooth Maxillary tooth Morphological characters of the tooth Character No. Coding Character No. Coding The estimated height/width ratio is equal to, or greater than,n 2.9 4 1 - - A primary ridge is present, and all other ridges are absent 5 3 18 1 The primary ridge is situtated caudally on the crown 6 1 19 0/1 The marginal denticles are small papillae 9 2 21 2 Enamel is present only on the crown side 14 1 - - 4 Tomoyuki Ohashi, Albert Prieto-Márquez, Yoshikazu Hasegawa, Yoshiki Koda, Yojiro Taketani & Mamoru Nemoto

Table 2. Character coding for FM-N201300172 as well as for hadrosauroids analyzed in Prieto-Márquez (2010)’s analysis. Classification is based on Fig. 5 of Prieto- Márquez (2010).

Maxillary teeth Dentary teeth Character No. 18 19 21 4569 14 Hirono specimen coding 1 0/1 2 13121 bernissartensis ○ atherfieldensis ○ Bactrosaurus johnsoni ○ ○ 1&2 ○ ○ caroljonesa ? ? ○ ○ Equijubus normani ○ ? Gilmoreosaurus mongoliensis ○ ○ ???? Hadrosaurus foulkii ○ ○ ○○○ ○ Lophorhothon atopus ○ ○ ○ ○ gobiensis ? ? ○ ○ Protohadros byrdi ? ○ 0&1 ○ sinensis ??? ????? transsylvanicus ○ ○ ○ ○ Claosaurus agilis ○ ○ ○○○ ? Barsboldia sicinskii ??? ????? canadensis ○ ○ ○○○○ annectens ○○○ ○○○○○ ○○○ ○○○○ latidens ○ ○ ? ○ ○ ○ Gryposaurus monumentensis ○○○ ○○○○○ Gryposaurus notabilis ○ ○ ? ○ ○○○ Kerberosaurus manakini ○ ○ ? ????? Kritosaurus navajovius ○ ○ ? ○○○ peeblesorum ○ ○ ? ○○○○ maximus ○ ○ ? ○○○○ Sabinosaur ○ ? ? ????? Saurolophina e Salitral Moreno OTU ○ ○ ? ○○○○ angustirostris ○ ○ ? ○○○○○ Saurolophus osborni ○ ○ ? ○○○○ Secernosaurus koerneri ○ ○ ? ○○○○ giganteus ○ ○ ? ○○○○○ Hadrosauroide a Two Medicine OTU ○ ○ ○○○ ○ UTEP OTU ??? ????? Wulagasaurus dongi ??? ????? Amurosaurus riabinini ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ Aralosaurus tuberiferus ○ ○ ? ????? Charonosaurus jiayinensis ??? ○○○○ casuarius ○ ○ ? ○ ○ Corythosaurus intermedius ○ ○ ? ○ ○ altispinus ○○○ ○○○ Hypacrosaurus stebingeri ○ ? ? 0&1 ○ e

a aralensis ??? ????? n lambei ○ ○ ○ ○ ur i Lambeosaurus laticaudus ○ ○ ? ○ ? ○ os a

e Lambeosaurus magnicristatus ○ ○ ? ○ ? ○ b

m Nipponosaurus sachalinensis ○○○ ? ○ ○ ? a

L Olorotitan ararhensis ○ ○ ? ○ ? ○ Pararhabdodon isonensis ??? ???? ○ cyrtocristatus ??? ○ ○ Parasaurolophus tubicen ○ ○ ○ ○ Parasaurolophus walkeri ○ ○ ???? ○ Sahaliyania elunchunorum ??? ○○○ Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus ○ ○ ? ○ ○ ○ Velafrons coahuilensis ○ ○ ? ○ ? ○ ○: Same as Hirono specimen coding, ?: Missing entry. Hadrosauroid from the Futaba Group 5

2010), Bactrosaurus johnsoni (Prieto-Márquez, 2011), and this manuscript. Eolambia caroljonesa (McDonald et al., 2012). This condition is also present in all derived hadrosauroids (Hadrosauridae) REFERENCES (Prieto-Márquez, 2010). Likewise, marginal papillae are present in a variety of both basal hadrosauroids (e.g., Lophorhothon Ando H, M. Seishi, M. Oshima & T. Matsumaru. 1995. Fluvial- atopus [Langston, 1960], Shuangmiaosaurus gilmorei [You et shallow marine depositional systems of the Futaba Group al., 2003], Gilmoreosaurus mongoliensis [Prieto-Márquez & (Upper Cretaceous) — Depositional facies and sequences Norell, 2010], and Bactrosaurus johnsoni [Prieto-Márquez, —. Journal of Geography 104 (2): 284–303. (In Japanese 2011]) and members of Hadrosauridae (e.g., Aralosaurus with English Abstract) tuberiferus [Godefroit et al., 2004], Brachylophosaurus Dalla Vecchia, F. M. 2009. Tethyshadros insularis, a new canadensis [Prieto-Márquez, 2005], and Corythosaurus hadrosauroid dinosaur (Ornithischia) from the Upper casuarius [Prieto-Márquez, 2010]). The height/width ratio Cretaceous of Italy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29: of 3.0 in the Fukushima tooth crown falls within the range 1100–1116. observed in hadrosauroids (Prieto-Márquez, 2010). Therefore, Godefroit, P., Alifanov, V. & Bolotsky, Y. 2004. A re-apprisal given the taxonomic distribution of the dental character of Aralosaurus tuberiferus (Dinosauria, Hadrosauridae) discussed here (Table 2), we regard the tooth from Fukushima as from the of Kazakhstan. Bulletin de Hadrosauroidea indeterminate. l’Institute Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 74: Cervical vertebra — The wide and oval-shaped centrum 139–154. and position of the parapophyses and postzygapophyses of Hasegawa, Y, Y. Koda, T. Watanabe, K. Oshida, A. Takizawa the neural arch indicate that this vertebra is from the cervical & C. 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