THE AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA THE 8issue AKPIA AKTC

Established in 1979, the Aga Khan Pro- Buildings and public spaces are grams for Islamic Architecture (AKPIA) at physical manifestations of culture in Harvard University and at the Massa- societies both past and present. They chusetts Institute of Technology are sup- represent human endeavors that can ported by endowments for instruction, enhance the quality of life, foster self- akpia research, and student aid from His High- understanding and community values, THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE ness the Aga Khan. AKPIA is dedicated to and expand opportunities for economic aktc the study of Islamic architecture, urban- and social development into the 2 0 1 1 - 2 0 1 2 ism, visual culture, and conservation, in future. The Aga Khan Trust for Culture an effort to respond to the cultural and (AKTC) is an integral part of the Aga features: educational needs of a diverse constitu- Khan Development Network (AKDN),

Harvard HAA ency drawn from all over the world. a family of institutions created by His Activities p. 2 Highness the Aga Khan with distinct yet People p. 8 Along with the focus on improving the complementary mandates to improve teaching of Islamic art and architecture the welfare and prospects of people Harvard GSD Activities p. 20 and setting a standard of excellence in in countries of the developing world, People p. 27 professional research, AKPIA also con- particularly in Asia and Africa. tinually strives to promote visibility of MIT Activities p. 33 the pan-Islamic cultural heritage. Though their spheres of activity and People p. 39 expertise differ—ranging from social development to economic development Archnet p. 50 to culture—AKDN institutions share at least three principles that guide

& their work. The first is dedication to self- sustaining development that can contribute to long-term economic advancement and social harmony. The second is a commitment to the vigorous participation of local communities in all development efforts. Finally, all Network institutions seek shared responsibility for 1 positive change. AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

2011-12 AKPIA HARVARD LECTURE SERIES: A November 10 March 8 FORUM FOR ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHITECTURE “Water and Work in the Mughal Landscape” “Edirne: A Former Capital of the Ottoman Empire James Wescoat and Its Architecture” AKPIA lectures are held on Thursdays, 5:30– Aga Khan Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Nevnihal Erdog˘an 6:30 pm, in Room 318 of the Arthur M. Sackler Technology Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Aga Khan Program

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Museum, Harvard University, 485 Broadway. for Islamic Architecture, Harvard University; Professor of Architecture, Kocaeli University Lectures are free and open to the public. For November 17 “The Aga Khan Museum: Creating a New additional information, please visit http:// Museum of Islamic Art” March 22 agakhan.fas.harvard.edu/. Michael Brand “Opus Sectile Decorations of Mamluk Cairo” Director, Aga Khan Museum, Toronto Ruggero Longo November 3 Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Aga Khan Program “The Eagle Capitals in the Dome of the Rock” February 16 for Islamic Architecture, Harvard University; issue Lawrence Nees “Petrified Powers: Medieval Islamic Talismans” Research Associate, Università degli Studi della Professor of Medieval Art, University of Delaware Persis Berlekamp Tuscia, Viterbo 8 Co-sponsored with the Committee on Medieval Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Aga Khan Program akpia aktc Studies at Harvard University for Islamic Architecture, Harvard University; March 29 2011-2012 Assistant Professor of Art History, University “‘Many a wish has turned to dust’: Pir Budaq and THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE of Chicago the Formation of Turcoman Arts of the Book” David J. Roxburgh Prince Alwaleed bin Talal Professor of Islamic Art History, Harvard University

April 19 “Chaha¯rba¯ghs, Palaces, and Mughal Court Routine in the Sixteenth Century” Laura Parodi Associate in the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, Harvard University

April 26 “Mustafa ´Ali and the Arts of the Book” Serpil Bag˘ cı Professor of Islamic Art, Hacettepe University

2 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

2011–2012 ACTIVITIES 2011–2012 CONFERENCE AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA The Aga Khan Program at Harvard University actively promotes, nurtures, and disseminates research on the history of art and architecture in the Islamic world through the scholarship and teaching of its faculty, the activities of its students, the sponsorship of the Aga Khan Fellowship Program, the AKPIA Lecture Series,

issue and the publication of Muqarnas: An Annual on 8 the Visual Cultures of the Islamic World. akpia aktc 2011-2012 2011–2012 EVENTS THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE

On November 18, 2011, Professor Gülru Necipog˘ lu, Director of the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, arranged a one-day meeting at the Department of History of Art and Architecture at Harvard University, bringing together all the Aga Khan Professors with repre- sentatives of the Aga Khan Foundation (Geneva) and directors and curators from the Aga Khan Museum (Toronto) to discuss future collabora- tions. This meeting took place the day after Dr. Michael Brand delivered his AKPIA lecture at 3 Harvard on plans for the Toronto museum. AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

MUQARNAS: AN ANNUAL ON THE VISUAL CULTURES OF THE ISLAMIC WORLD AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA

8issue akpia aktc 2011-2012 THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE

The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture at Harvard University is pleased to announce the publication of Muqarnas 28 (2011) and the latest Supplement to Muqarnas, Mir´a¯t al-quds (Mirror of Holiness): A Life of Christ for Emperor Akbar, by Pedro Moura Carvalho, with a translation by Wheeler M. Thackston (2011). These volumes are now available for purchase through Brill Publishers, www.brill.nl. 4 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

STUDIES AND SOURCES ON ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHITECTURE: SUPPLEMENTS TO MUQARNAS AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA

8issue akpia aktc 2011-2012 THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE

5 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

2011–2012 AKPIA RESEARCH AND TRAVEL AKPIA, History of Art and Architecture, History of Art and Architecture 249n: GRANTS Harvard University, Courses Offered The Travel Narrative and Art History David J. Roxburgh and Hugo van der Velden Anastassiia Botchkareva, HAA doctoral student 2011–2012 COURSES Bibliothèque nationale Travel narratives of the medieval through early AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Paris, France FALL 2011 modern periods recorded by pilgrims, artists, Institute of Oriental Studies ambassadors, among others, are examined for what they offer to art historical inquiry. Critical St. Petersburg, Russia Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding 40: texts from Europe and Asia are studied. Monuments of Islamic Architecture Zeynep Og˘ uz, HAA doctoral student Gülru Necipog˘lu-Kafadar and David J. Roxburgh History of Art and Architecture 124e: Architecture RCAC Intensive Ottoman Epigraphy course, of the Early Modern Islamic Empires: Proseminar Koç University An introduction to ten iconic monuments of the Gülru Necipog˘ lu-Kafadar Islamic world from the beginning of Islam to issue Istanbul, Turkey the early modern period. The course introduces Between the 16th and 18th centuries, three various types of building—mosques, palaces, 8 Ünver Rüstem, HAA doctoral student great empires ruled the Islamic lands from the akpia multifunctional complexes—and city types and Centre des Archives diplomatiques Balkans to Bengal. The Mediterranean-based aktc the factors that shaped them, artistic, patronal, 2011-2012 Nantes, France Ottomans, Safavids in Iran, and Mughals in THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE socio-political, religio-cultural, and economic. Topkapı Palace Museum Library; Prime Ministry India developed visual cultures with distinctive Each case study is divided into two lectures. Ottoman Archives; Nuruosmaniye Mosque architectural and ornamental idioms, originating The first presents the monument or city by from a shared Timurid heritage. The cities, Istanbul, Turkey “walking” through it. The second is devoted to monuments, and modes of ornament created themes elicited from the example, developed in in each empire are studied from aesthetic and Abbey Stockstill, HAA doctoral student light of comparative monuments, sites, and/or contextual perspectives, with respect to religious Middlebury College Language School written sources, and to problems of patronage, orientations, imperial ideologies, and theories of Middlebury, Vermont production, audience, and meaning as they dynastic legitimacy. pertain to architectural history.

6 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

SPRING 2012

History of Art and Architecture 222m: Architecture in the Early Modern Mediterranean World: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Gülru Necipog˘lu-Kafadar and Alina A. Payne

Architecture of the eastern Mediterranean basin (at Italian, Ottoman, and Mamluk courts) with emphasis on cross-cultural encounters and transmission of the Romano-Byzantine heritage, science and technology, architectural practice, ornament, urban design, military, religious and issue domestic architecture.

8 History of Art and Architecture 120n: Art of the akpia aktc Timurids in Greater Iran and Central Asia 2011-2012 David J. Roxburgh THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE

Critical examination of the arts of the book, portable arts, and architecture sponsored by the Timurids (1370–1507), a dynasty founded by Timur (Tamerlane). Emphasis will also be given to primary written sources in translation.

7 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Faculty

it with full quotations of Ottoman Turkish delivered a paper titled “Early Modern Floral: primary sources. The book was translated by Gül Ottoman Ornament between Naturalism and Çag˘alı-Güven with Ottoman transliterations by Mimetic Abstraction” as part of the session on Gülru Necipog˘lu Hesna Ta¸s kömür, and will be published in 2012 by “Early Modern Global Affinities.” They plan to Bilgi University Press, Istanbul. publish the conference proceedings.

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Gülru Necipog˘lu is the Aga Khan Professor of Islamic Art and Director of the Aga Khan Gülru was invited to deliver the lecture “Visual Gülru chaired the following panels: “Shifting Program for Islamic Architecture in the Cosmopolitanism and the Aesthetics of Fusion: the Scales,” at the Harvard international Department of History of Art and Architecture Artistic Interactions with Renaissance Italy at the conference “The Mediterranean Criss-Crossed at Harvard University. She is the Editor of Court of Sultan Mehmed II,” at the INHA (Institut & Constructed” (April 28–30, 2011); and Muqarnas and Supplements to Muqarnas. In national d’histoire de l’art), Paris, on May 13, 2011. “Architecture of Tekkes and Dergahs,” at the 2011 she edited Muqarnas 28, which includes her She delivered the plenary panel keynote lecture, Bog˘aziçi University international conference “Editor’s Foreword: In Memoriam: Oleg Grabar “Art and Architecture in Muslim Societies,” at the “Alevi-Bektashi Shi’i Communities in the issue (1929–2011),” and vol. 12 in the Supplements conference “Beyond Golden Age and Decline: The Ottoman Realm: Sources, Paradigms and to Muqarnas series: Mir’a¯t al-quds (Mirror of Legacy of Muslim Societies in Global Modernity, Historiography” (December 13–15, 2010). She was 8 Holiness): A Life of Christ for Emperor Akbar, 1300–1900” (NEH Project on Bridging Cultures a commentator at the workshop on “Ebussuud akpia aktc author: Pedro Moura Carvalho; transcription and Initiative, George Mason University, March 14, and His World of Thought” held at Sabancı 2011-2012 2011). University (December 16–18, 2010). THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE translation: Wheeler M. Thackston.

Gülru and Cemal Kafadar co-organized an Gülru also participated in two workshop She recently offered the following courses: international symposium, “Architecture, meetings held in Istanbul for the publication “Architecture in the Early Modern Mediterranean Culture and Science,” co-sponsored by Mardin project “Topkapı Palace Albums, H. 2153 and H. World: A Cross-Cultural Perspective,” a seminar Artuklu University and Harvard University. The 2160” (August 8–10 and December 26–27, 2011). co-taught with Alina Payne; the seminar symposium was held in Mardin, Turkey, on March Accompanied by scholarly essays, the Turkish- “Ottoman Architectural Culture and Urbanism 17, 2011. She chaired the panel on “Architectural Japanese-English versions of the facsimile in the Age of Sinan”; “Monuments of Islamic Heritage of Mardin and Its Relationship to the volumes will be published by MAS Matbaası, Architecture,” a General Education course Antique Past.” A two-day bus tour of Islamic Istanbul, 2012–13. (Aesthetic and Interpretive Understanding) monuments and Syriac-Christian monasteries co-taught with David Roxburgh; and the of Mardin, Midyat, and Cizre accompanied the As part of another long-term project, proseminar “Architecture of the Early Modern symposium. she finalized the table of contents and Islamic Empires.” commissioned authors to write essays for a two- Gülru co-organized another international volume collection she will co-edit with Finbarr Throughout the past year Gülru supervised the conference at Harvard with Alina Payne, Barry Flood for The Blackwell Companion Series: Turkish translation of her book, The Age of Sinan: “Ornament as Portable Culture: Between A Reader of Islamic Art and Architecture, 650 to Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire Globalism and Localism,” April 12–14, 2012. She the Present. The publication of these volumes is (London, Reaktion Books, 2005, 2010), expanding 8 tentatively scheduled for 2014–15. AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Gülru launched yet another publication project Church in Harvard Yard. Followed by for the Supplements to Muqarnas series a reception at the Busch-Reisinger Museum, (2015–16), to be preceded by a Harvard AKPIA this touching event was co-sponsored by the workshop, which will be held in the next spring Aga Khan Program at Harvard University and term. The volume will contain essays along with the Historians of Islamic Art Association.

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA an edition of MS Török F. 59 (Hungarian National Personal remembrances presented by faculty, Library), an early inventory of the Islamic family, students, and friends have been posted manuscripts collection kept at the Topkapı on the AKPIA website (http://agakhan.fas. Palace Treasury, compiled by the royal librarian harvard.edu/). in 1502–3. Cemal Kafadar, Cornell Fleischer, and Gülru are co-editing the volume, which will A conference commemorating the first include a facsimile and transliteration of the anniversary of Professor Grabar’s death was held Arabic inventory and a full critical apparatus, on January 8, 2012, at the Sakıp Sabancı Museum, issue accompanied by essays and studies by a team of which he was a Board Member. Gülru gave of scholars from Harvard University and the the opening lecture, “In Memoriam, Oleg 8 University of Chicago. The text of this rare Grabar (1929–2011).” At this conference, titled akpia aktc manuscript is currently being prepared by “Oleg Grabar’s Contributions to the History of 2011-2012 Himmet Taskömür. Turkish and Islamic Art/Architecture,” his former THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE students and students of students delivered On November 18, 2011, Gülru arranged a one-day personalized talks. meeting at the Department of History of Art and Architecture at Harvard University, bringing An abridged version of the Memorial Minutes together all the Aga Khan Professors with of Oleg Grabar, Aga Khan Professor of Islamic representatives of the Aga Khan Foundation Art, Emeritus, prepared by a committee (William (Geneva) and directors and curators from the Graham, Thomas Lentz, and David Roxburgh) Aga Khan Museum (Toronto) to discuss future chaired by Gülru, were read by her at the Harvard collaborations. This meeting took place the Faculty of Arts and Sciences Meeting on April 10, day after Dr. Michael Brand delivered his AKPIA 2011. The long version of the Grabar Memorial lecture at Harvard on plans for the Toronto Minutes is available on the websites of the museum. Harvard Gazette and Office of the Secretary.

On a sad note, Gülru organized a memorial service for Harvard’s first Aga Khan Professor, Oleg Grabar, who died on January 8, 2011. The

service was held on April 23rd at the Memorial 9 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

and Monuments of Islamic Pilgrimage,” in Although this seemed very far away from Islamic Architecture and Its Representation in Islamic art and architecture, Roxburgh was struck by the Arts, ed. Margaret Graves (2011); and a review of productive comparisons that could be drawn David Roxburgh the exhibition on gifts held at the Los Angeles between Christian conquest and conversion County Museum of Art (Summer 2011), currently in the New World and Christian reconquest

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA David J. Roxburgh, Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal on view at the Museum of Fine Arts Houston, in old Spain, particularly how the comparison Professor of Islamic Art History, returned to “Foreign Exchange: On Gifts of the Sultan: The obtains to the adaptation and transformation of teaching in Fall 2010. In 2011, he presented papers Arts of Giving at the Islamic Courts,” From the pre-existing spaces of worship and sacred sites. on different topics, including “Illustrating al- Vault column, Art Forum 49, 9 (2011). He also A visit to Florence in June included research at Jazari: Text and Image in al-Jami’ bayn al-’ilm wa completed “The Illustrated Book in Mongol Iran” the Museo Galileo and its collection of Islamic al-’amal al-nafi’fi sina’at al-hiyal (Compendium for a volume on the art of the Mongols to be scientific instruments, particularly Ibrahim of Science and Useful Practice in the Making published early in 2012. He will soon complete b. Sa’id al-Sahli al-Wazzan’s celestial globe of of Mechanical Devices),” at Mardin Artuklu his first version of an essay on al-Hariri’s 1080/85. issue University; “Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi’s Uranometry Maqamat, to be published in Muqarnas in 2012, Treatise Kitab suwar al-kawakib al-thabita (Book and after this and other smaller projects are 8 of Forms of the Fixed Stars) c. 965,” in the completed he will turn full-time to a book-length akpia aktc conference “Aesthetics and Techniques of study about text and image in medieval Arabic 2011-2012 manuscripts.

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Lines Between Drawing and Writing,” CIHA Colloquium, at the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Florence; and “Troubles with Perspective: Case Short trips to work in libraries and museums Studies in Picture-Making from Qajar Iran in in Europe and Turkey are planned for 2012. the 1800s,” in the conference “In the Wake of Over spring break in 2011, Roxburgh traveled the Global Turn: Propositions for an Exploded to southeastern Turkey with Gülru Necipog˘lu, Art History Without Borders” at the Clark Art Cemal Kafadar, and other scholars for a Institute. He is preparing talks for, among others, conference at Artuklu Üniversitesi in Mardin. conferences on ornament and script at Harvard They had the good fortune to travel to sites in University and Dumbarton Oaks, respectively, the region, including Cizre, Dara, Kiziltepe, and scheduled in 2012. Midyat. In May, he traveled to Peru as part of an excursion of some twenty sophomore History of Work on the publishing front yielded several Art and Architecture concentrators and faculty essays in 2011, including: “The Qajar Lacquer members led by Professor Thomas Cummins. Object” and “Beyond Books: The Art and Practice They visited monuments and museums in of the Single-Page Drawing in Iran,” for the Lima; Andean Inca sites at Pisac, Ollantaytambo, exhibition catalog celebrating the Norma Cuzco, and Machu Picchu; and the Moche and

Jean Calderwood gift of Islamic art to the Chimu sites in the vicinity of the modern cities 10 Harvard Art Museums; “Visualizing the Sites of Chiclayo and Trujillo on the north coast. AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY 2011-2012 Post-Doctoral Fellows

Persis Berlekamp Nevnihal Erdog˘an Ruggero Longo

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Persis earned her PhD from Harvard University Nevnihal is a professor in the Department of Ruggero comes to Harvard from Rome where in 2003 and since 2005 has taught Islamic art Architecture of the University of Kocaeli in he works in Tuscia University’s Cultural Heritage history at the University of Chicago, where she Turkey. She received her PhD in Architecture Department. His earned his PhD in the Memory is an Assistant Professor. She is particularly from Istanbul Technical University in 1992 and Matter of Artwork with a specialization interested in how art produced under the new and taught at Trakya University from 1991 to in archaeometry, and his research focuses on world order of the Mongol period (central and 2006. She has supervised master’s theses in the medieval opus sectile mosaics of Norman eastern Islamic lands, thirteenth to fifteenth architectural design theory and has completed Southern Italy and cross-cultural relationships centuries) engaged with and renegotiated various architectural projects. She was a visiting in the medieval Mediterranean. His present issue lasting legacies of Abbasid intellectual life. scholar at the University of California’s School of research–which concerns the opus sectile During her Aga Khan Fellowship, she is pursuing Social Ecology in 2001 and at the University of decorations in Mamluk Cairo, its relationship 8 Wisconsin’s School of Architecture in Milwaukee with Norman Sicily, and the language of akpia this interest through a new research project on aktc in 2007. ornament in medieval Mediterranean–has led 2011-2012 the forms, materials, and theories of medieval THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Islamic talismans. The research will result in a him to Sicily and Egypt. book, tentatively titled, Petrified Powers: Medieval Nevnihal is interested in the interrelation Islamic Talismans. She is also continuing her of culture and architecture, housing, and In 2009, he began a research project focused ongoing study of the illustrations in Rashid al- settlements. Her publications on historical and on Arab-Norman Palermo and the cathedrals ˙ Din’s early fourteenth-century illustrated Persian urban Istanbul, Edirne, and Izmit appeared in the of Cefalù and Monreale, which he hopes will be manuscript concerning Chinese medicine. Persis Journal of Architecture and Planning Research, nominated for the UNESCO World Heritage List Social Indicators Research, and Open House upon its completion. Inspired by the medieval is the author of Wonder, Image, and Cosmos International. She is the author of four books and church of San Menna, he organized a conference, in Medieval Islam (Yale University Press, 2011), over forty papers. “Intorno alla chiesa di San Menna in Sant’Agata an analysis of illustrated Islamic wonders of de’Goti” in 2010. He has since been conducting creation manuscripts. During her tenure as an AKPIA Post-Doctoral archaeological research on and an analysis of Fellow, Nevnihal will investigate the urban the Royal Palace in Palermo. history and architectural context of Ottoman Edirne.

11 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY 2011-2012 Post-Doctoral Associates

Nasiba Baimatowa Tülün Deg˘irmenci Elaheh Kheirandish

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Nasiba is a returning AKPIA associate. She Tülün received her PhD in the Department of Elaheh is a historian of science (PhD, Harvard completed a degree in architecture at the Art History at Hacettepe University in 2007. 1991) with a specialty in sciences in Islamic lands, Moscow Institute of Architecture in 1990 and an She has taught in the Art History Department and her main research area is the history of honors PhD in Central Asian Archaeology and at Pamukkale University as an associate mathematical sciences with a focus on mixed Architecture at Free University of Berlin in 2002. professor since 2009. Her dissertation focused mathematical-physical sciences such as optics Her thesis, covering 5,000 years of the history on the relationship between the iconography and mechanics. Her projects and publications of vaulted architecture in Central Asia, was of illustrated books and power struggles at the range from the Arabic and Persian traditions of published in Archaeology in Iran and Turan 2008, Ottoman court during the reign of Osman II; ancient Greek sciences to the applications of issue a German Archeological Institute series. Nasiba’s her study was published as a book. the new technologies to historical studies. She area of interest is Central Asian architecture has received awards from the National Science 8 and art. Tülün spent the summer of 2011 at Harvard Foundation and the Dibner Institute for the akpia aktc as a visiting Associate and enjoyed studying History of Science and Technology. She has also 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE With a John-Paul Getty Grant, Nasiba conducted in Widener Library. Her present interest is the curated exhibits at Harvard University and at research on Buddhist-Manichaean temples of popularization of court-based narratives and Brown University, and led film and multimedia Turfan Oasis in western China. With a Gerda images; how the interaction between two productions on early science. She has been Henkel Grant, she researched the stucco décor spheres, the court and the city, was manifested a lecturer at Harvard in the Departments of of Hulbuk Palace in Tajikistan. At AKPIA she in the “popular” literary tradition and visual History of Science, Classics, and Near Eastern presented a paper on “Calligraphic Ornaments culture in the pre-modern Ottoman milieu. She Languages and Civilizations. She has also taught in the Architecture of Northern Khurasan” and is also interested in the history of books and the in the Freshman Seminar Program, and at the submitted an article on wall inscriptions for reading practices of the Ottomans. Harvard Extension and Summer Schools. the book Writing on the Wall. She is currently writing an article on early Islamic ornaments of Khurasan for submission to Muqarnas.

12 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY 2011-2012 Graduate Students

Amity Law Laura E. Parodi Yasmine Al-Saleh

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Amity is completing her book Cultural Laura is based in Genoa, Italy. She is currently Awarded the GSAS Dissertation Completion Modeling and Identity: A Spatial History of vice-team leader of COMSt5, part of a European Fellowship, Yasmine spent the 2010-2011 the Mediterranean, which examines the network for the study of Oriental manuscripts. academic year researching and writing her trans-regional permeation of visual, spatial, She has taught extensively at MIT, University dissertation entitled, “Licit Magic: The Touch and material cultures with the concepts of College Dublin, the University of Oxford, and and Sight of Islamic Talismanic Scrolls.” While connectivity, reflexivity, and referentiality, as well two Italian universities. Her edited volume, The balancing dissertation work, she delivered a as the spatial dimensions of authentication. Visual World of Muslim India: The Art, Culture baby boy named Zayd Nicholas Scull in May. Having completed a 2011 Muqarnas submission and Society of the Deccan in the Early Modern During this academic year, Yasmine plans to issue on Mahoma Rami, she is now preparing Era, is forthcoming from I.B. Tauris in 2012. She is continue writing her dissertation and to enjoy articles to address facets of the master mason- currently working on a Muqarnas Supplement motherhood. She is currently based in Kuwait 8 sculptor Carlí’s dimensional understanding on early Mughal court ceremonial with Wheeler and holds a bachelor’s degree in Philosophy akpia aktc and architectural production. In addition to M. Thackston, to be followed by a monograph on from Bryn Mawr College (1996), and a master’s 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE organizing four sessions on “Rethinking Cultures the mid-sixteenth century kita¯bkha¯na in Kabul. degree in the History of Art from the University and Identities in the Medieval Mediterranean” Current research interests range from of Pennsylvania (2002). for the 47th International Congress on Medieval Mughal albums (with articles recently Studies (2012), she will present “Imag(in)ing published in vwww.asianart.com, Ars Orientalis, Space: Visual Creativity in Mobile Knowledge.” and forthcoming in the Journal of Islamic Amity’s newest book project discusses Manuscripts) to the history and historiography creativity and the aesthetics of pilgrimage and of Islamic gardens (with a series of articles to be performance via the prosopographical and finalized in 2012, and a lecture delivered for the demographical, labor migrations, and local and Harvard AKPIA program). interregional collaborations. She continues to edit a volume for Brill and is planning a conference focused on the intersections of art and architectural history, archaeology, and anthropology.

13 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Anastassiia Botchkareva Peter Christensen Merih Danalı

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Ana is a fifth-year graduate student, working Peter is a PhD candidate in Architecture at Merih is a fifth-year PhD student in the on her dissertation under Professors David J. Harvard University. His research centers on Department of History of Art and Architecture Roxburgh and Gülru Necipog˘lu. Her project the practice and historiography of geopolitics at Harvard. She received her BA in Economics at examines naturalistic trends in early-modern as a field of inquiry since the nineteenth Bog˘aziçi University in Istanbul, and an MA in the Persianate representational practices in the century onwards and its implications on History of Art at Pennsylvania State University. context of contacts with European artistic spatial practices, with particular interest in models; she is working with Safavid and Mughal infrastructure and the borders of Islamic and Her research at Harvard focuses on the visual albums and single-page compositions of the Judeo-Christian civilizations. His current doctoral encounters between Byzantium and the issue late sixteenth through mid-eighteenth centuries research considers cultural, technological, and Ottomans between the thirteenth and fifteenth as repositories of formal experimentation and architectural exchanges between the German, centuries before the fall of Constantinople, 8 artistic networks of cross-cultural exchange. Austro-Hungarian, and Ottoman Empires in and the impact of these encounters on the akpia aktc Ana spent the past year traveling on a Sheldon tandem with the speculation and construction emergence of new modes of representation 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Fellowship to explore and document Persianate of the Berlin-Baghdad Railway from 1872 to 1914. in both cultures. Merih spent the past spring albums in collections in Paris, St. Petersburg, and summer conducting dissertation research Berlin, and London. This year Ana has a This year, Peter is on a Fulbright Scholarship in the museums, collections, libraries, and fellowship at the Metropolitan Museum of Art conducting archival research towards his archives of Italy, Greece, France, Turkey, and the to conduct research in the Islamic department’s dissertation, which includes the recent discovery United Kingdom. collection and begin writing her dissertation. At of lavishly illustrated and previously unpublished the Met, she is focusing on the Kevorkian, Davis, topographic and settlement maps of a broad During the current academic year she has been and Bellini albums and dispersed album folios. swath of the Ottoman Empire extending working on two chapters of her dissertation as from Konya to Baghdad, executed by German a residential fellow at Koç University’s Research engineer Wilhelm von Pressel between 1872 and Center for Anatolian Civilizations in Istanbul. 1878. Peter holds a BArch from Cornell University as well as an MDesS and AM from Harvard.

14 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Farshid Emami Jesse Howell Zeynep Og˘uz

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Farshid is a graduate of SMarchS AKPIA at MIT Jesse spent much of 2011 engaged in archival Zeynep is spending the fall semester in and a first-year PhD student in the History research for his dissertation, working primarily in Istanbul writing her dissertation. In her thesis, of Art and Architecture at Harvard. Before the Croatian State Archives of Dubrovnik, Croatia. “Multi-Functional T-shaped Zaviyes in the Early attending MIT, he worked as an architect and In October he participated in an international Ottoman Context,” she analyzes the convent urban designer in Tehran. His research has been workshop organized by the Art, Space, and complexes commissioned by Ottoman rulers focused on Safavid urban architecture and Mobility initiative at the Kunsthistorisches and the military elite in the fourteenth century. modernist architecture and urban planning in Institut in Florenz, presenting original research Last summer, Zeynep took an intensive Greek twentieth-century Iran. In his second year of on the tribute ambassadors of the Republic of language course, and—thanks to generous issue studies at MIT, Farshid became involved in two Ragusa. research grants from the Aga Khan Program research projects: the first was on university and the GSAS GSC—visited the remaining early 8 campuses in the Islamic world and the second Ottoman and late Byzantine sites relevant to akpia aktc involved the ArchNet digital library. He spent her work in Greece. In the spring semester, 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE the summer in Cambridge studying French Zeynep will resume teaching and writing her at the Harvard Summer School. He is looking dissertation. She presented a paper on the forward to five years of intense work on Safavid earliest Ottoman architectural complexes in architectural history at Harvard. Macedonia at a history conference held at Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje in November 2011. In May 2012, she is presenting another paper, entitled “Cosmopolitan Architecture of Murad I’s Complex in Bursa,” at the International Congress on Medieval Studies in Michigan.

15 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Katie Pfohl Ünver Rüstem Abbey Stockstill

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Katie is a curatorial fellow in the American Wing Ünver is in the penultimate year of his PhD and Abbey Stockstill received her BA in Near Eastern of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, where she is has begun writing his thesis, which explores Languages and Civilizations from the University working on her dissertation, entitled “American the advent and development of Ottoman of Pennsylvania, where she concentrated in Painting and the Systems of World Ornament,” Baroque architecture in eighteenth-century Arabic and medieval Islamic society. Her interest which examines the influence of non-Western Istanbul, with a focus on the period’s sultanic in art history stems from a variety of experiences ornament on American painting and design mosques. As a supplement to the fieldwork at Penn’s University Museum, including an of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. he has already conducted there, he will return internship in the Archives and working on a Katie gave a paper last spring at the Yale Center to Istanbul in the summer of 2012 in order to team to present the exhibit, “Archaeologists issue for British Art and will be participating in a look at previously neglected sources that shed and Travelers in Ottoman Lands.” She also has symposium this spring at the Metropolitan light on how and why the great stylistic shifts archaeological field experience working at Tell 8 Museum. Having spent the summer at of eighteenth-century Ottoman architecture es-Sweyhat in Syria. Abbey hopes to focus her akpia aktc the Winterthur Museum and Library on a occurred. Ünver’s first article—a study of a series studies at Harvard on the relationship between 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE dissertation writing fellowship, Katie will spend of Ottoman inserts added to the Shahnama of Islamic Spain and North Africa. the year doing research at the Metropolitan Shah Tahmasp—is being published in Muqarnas Museum, Cooper-Hewitt Museum, and New 29, and he has been invited to present a paper York Historical Society. Katie also teaches at the on the marble Ottoman tombstones of Cyprus New York Historical Society, and this year she will at an interdisciplinary conference on Famagusta offer a class on the history of photography and a to be held in Budapest in October 2012. class on art and science.

16 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Melis Taner Deniz Türker Ömer Ziyal

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Melis is a third-year PhD student in the Deniz is in the third year of her joint PhD in Ömer is a fourth-year PhD candidate in Department of History of Art and Architecture. Middle Eastern Studies and the History of the Department of History of Art and After completing her undergraduate degree in Art and Architecture. She spent the summer Architecture. Last year, Ömer taught the fall- Political Science, she received an MA in Medieval completing her qualifying paper on a late term undergraduate seminar “Methods of Art Studies at the Central European University in nineteenth-century Ottoman antiques dealer. History” and served as the teaching fellow Budapest in 2007. She then completed another Having taken qualifying exams in early for the spring lecture course “Monuments of MA in Ottoman history at Sabancı University, September, she then had the opportunity Islamic Architecture,” which was co-taught where she became more interested in Ottoman to focus on her Arabic studies, while serving by Professors Gülru Necipog˘lu and David J. issue miniature painting. Her thesis dealt with the as a teaching fellow and writing fellowship Roxburgh. He passed his general exams last royal hunt during the reign of Suleyman the applications. She has also begun to compile spring and is spending the current academic 8 Magnificent. Melis is currently working on sources and bibliography for her dissertation year undertaking dissertation research in Turkey akpia aktc late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century project on Yıldız, the last Ottoman palace at on a Frederick Sheldon Traveling Fellowship. His 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Ottoman and Safavid miniature painting. the turn of the century. She recently was given dissertation, preliminarily titled “The Making of She is interested, in particular, in the works of the opportunity to work with Professors Gülru an Ottoman Capital: Edirne’s Urban Landscape, the painter Nak¸s i, as well as in art production Necipog˘lu and Alina Payne on the upcoming 1361–1488,” investigates the city’s architectural outside the court. This past summer she had conference on ornament. In April, she and her and urban history from a cross-cultural the opportunity to do some preliminary archival husband became the proud owners of a lovely perspective. Ömer received his AB summa cum work in Istanbul, as well as manuscript research six-year-old dog, Olive. They are fascinated with laude in Comparative Literature from Princeton at the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin. her unwavering resolve in terrorizing the squirrel University in 2008 and was awarded the AM in community of Cambridge. History of Art and Architecture from Harvard in 2011.

17 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

AKPIA Staff

Julie Ann Ehrenzweig Karen A. Leal

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Julie Ann is the Aga Khan Program coordinator. Karen is the Managing Editor for Muqarnas: Although her research normally focuses on the She graduated from New York University with An Annual on the Visual Cultures of the Islamic relations between Muslims and non-Muslims a bachelor’s degree in Classical Civilization and World. In addition to ushering in Muqarnas 28 in the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman and European Hellenic Studies with a minor in Italian Studies. (2011) and Muqarnas 29 (2012), she also edited cross-cultural exchange, and the effects of the She has continued to pursue her interest in Mir´a¯t al-quds (Mirror of Holiness): A Life of Christ Greco-Roman tradition on Ottoman culture, language studies and hopes to travel to the for Emperor Akbar, by Pedro Moura Carvalho, she is presenting a paper entitled “An Ottoman Balkans in the near future. the twelfth book in the Muqarnas Supplements Egyptian Obelisk in New York: An Examination series. She will soon begin working on Muqarnas of Shifting Landscapes in the Gilded Age” at the issue 30, which will commemorate the publication’s 2012 MESA conference. A chapter she wrote on 8 thirtieth anniversary. “The Balat District of Istanbul: Multiethnicity on akpia the Golden Horn” appears in The Architecture aktc Karen received her AB summa cum laude in and Memory of the Minority Quarter in the 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE the Classics (Greek and Latin) and her AM and Muslim Mediterranean City, ed. Susan Gilson PhD in History and Middle Eastern Studies Miller and Mauro Bertagnin (Aga Khan Program, from Harvard University. After finishing her Harvard University Graduate School of Design dissertation on “The Ottoman State and the and Harvard University Press, 2010). Greek Orthodox of Istanbul: Sovereignty and Identity at the Turn of the Eighteenth Century,” she was an editor and translator for the Ottoman Court Records Project sponsored by the Packard Humanities Institute and Harvard’s Center for Middle Eastern Studies. She later taught in New York at St. John’s University, where she was named a Vincentian Research Fellow and served as an adviser to the Permanent Observer Mission of the Holy See to the United Nations. She has held fellowships from the Library of Congress, the Fulbright Commission, the Packard Humanities Institute, and the Institute for Turkish Studies, among others. 18 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY OF ART AND ARCHITECTURE, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Documentation Center

András Riedlmayer

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA As bibliographer in Islamic art and architecture, András has directed AKPIA’s Documentation Center at Harvard’s Fine Arts Library since 1985. He is responsible for acquiring, preserving, and providing reference and access to North America’s largest and most comprehensive research collection on the visual cultures of the

issue Islamic world. Last spring András went on a buy- ing trip to Turkey and Europe, adding hundreds 8 of rare items to the collection. What he enjoys akpia aktc most is assisting students, faculty, and visiting 2011-2012 scholars with their research. In the past year, THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE he has presented lectures on the architectural patronage of Hurrem, the Ukrainian-born wife of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent (Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute); on the native Islamic architectural heritage of Southeastern Europe (Südost-Institut, Regensburg); and on the role of heritage in the shaping of memory in postwar Bosnia (Meertens-Instituut, Amster- dam). In December 2011 András testified as an expert witness at the UN war crimes tribunal in The Hague at the trial of former Bosnian Serb president Radovan Karadzic.ˇ ´

19 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

2011-12 HARVARD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN ACTIVITIES March 29-30 Lectures and Events “Women Making Democracy” Conference At the Radcliffe Institute

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA October 6 Hashim Sarkis (moderator) “Le monde selon l’architecture” At the Ecole Speciale d’Architecture, Paris March 26-September 7 Hashim Sarkis “Tenacious Women: Activists in a Democratic Aga Khan Professor of Landscape Architecture Society” and Urbanism in Muslim Societies Exhibition At the Schlesinger Library Curated by Samaa Eliman, GSD ‘12 October 7-8 issue “Bleu Outremer: The Displacement of April 11 8 Geography in Le Corbusier’s Urbanism” “DA DA A NADAAA” akpia aktc At Le Corbusier Foundation conference in Aga Khan Public Lecture 2011-2012 Istanbul at the GSD THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Hashim Sarkis Nader Tehrani Followed by discussion with Farshid Moussavi November 1 “Redefining: Alteration Projects in Historic Istanbul” At the GSD Han Tümertekin Architect, Istanbul

November 9 “A Second Functionalism: Form, Flexibility, and the Architecture of Schools in the United States during the 1950s” At the Mahindra Center, Architecture and the Humanities Series Hashim Sarkis 20 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Courses | Fall 2011 a very well calibrated frame, giving the Complex being restored, the surrounding neighborhoods a remarkable internal coherence. These different are also undergoing a transformation, much GSD 01310: Istanbul: Between Contour and buildings also carefully mediate between the of it highly contested by the working class Silhouette: Linking Architecture and City around mosque’s skyline and the panorama of the city neighborhoods and by the historic commission. Istanbul’s Süleymaniye Complex and between the constructed ground of the One of the aims of the studio is to help re-

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Professor Hashim Sarkis and Erkin Ozay, Visiting Complex and the topography of the hill. enliven the surrounding neighborhoods by Fellow, Aga Khan Program GSD connecting them better with the Complex itself Recognized by UNESCO as a world heritage site as a source of urban vitality and formal clarity. The studio explores how an architectural in the mid-80s, the Süleymaniye has undergone project could relate to the city through the several changes in function but has maintained The Contour and the Silhouette: The site and manipulation of the ground line and the its powerful hold on the city’s skyline. Despite the complex fall between two formal strategies skyline. The practical aim is to propose a series the radical changes in its uses and in the that the studio aims to explore. On the one of autonomous but related architectural surrounding area, it remains one of the most hand, the relationship between the ground issue interventions around the Süleymaniye Complex remarkable urban complexes in the city. plane of the Complex and the topography of in Istanbul in order to connect it physically and the hill exemplifies contouring as a method of 8 programmatically to the surrounding quarters Context: Historically, the district surrounding extracting a planar succession out of a three- akpia aktc of the old peninsula, while partaking in the the Süleymaniye housed the “white collar” dimensional form. On the other, the skyline of 2011-2012 employees of both the kulliye and adjacent the Complex is a masterful example of how a

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE definition of the city’s skyline. The focus will be on manipulating the contour lines and government institutions. Since the 19th century, building’s silhouette can capture, in its intense skyline, but also on extroverting the courtyard the state institutions and the court have moved articulations, the three-dimensional identity of building type. to the northern part of the city, leaving the old a building or city. The studio proposes to recast city and the area around the Süleymaniye to architecture between these two geometries The Süleymaniye Complex: The Süleymaniye slowly deteriorate. By the mid-1980s, at the time of extraction, an incremental iteration from Complex (or külliye) is named after its patron, when it was classified as a World Heritage site, contour to form and an intense inscription from the Ottoman sultan Süleyman the Magnificent this area had become a notoriously crime-ridden skyline to full volume. (reigned 1520–1566). It was designed and built neighborhood with small-scale manufacturing from 1551 to 1557 by the famous court architect outfits. A revitalized urban economy and a The Panorama and the Courtyard: The panorama Sinan and is considered one of his more mature succession of active mayors have turned the city has long provided a representational and and sophisticated urban complexes. In addition around but in some cases at the expense of such experiential structure to the city of Istanbul. to the mosque, described by Le Corbusier historic areas as the Süleymaniye. Some of the There is no city that shows as much face as as the “sphinx,” the Complex consisted of a urban interventions around it have also led to Istanbul. Because of its topography and the religious school or madrassa, a library, a hospice, cutting it off from the rest of the city. In 2006, way that the waterways drop the middle a hospital, and a bathhouse or hammam. the national government passed a law to protect ground, the city affords the frequent unfolding Even though these programs were added and renew some culturally significant sites of panoramas. Since Sinan, Istanbuli architects

incrementally around the mosque, they compose including Süleymaniye. While the Complex is have understood and mastered the techniques 21 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

of placing a building in the city as panorama. In visitors’ services in the gaps that exist between as imperial neo-classicism and “International a sketch he made of the city during his visit in the historical frame of the Complex and the Style” modernism, respectively. At the same 1911, Le Corbusier highlighted the relationship surrounding city. In the first two weeks of the time, such preoccupations with geographical between the different parts of the city based semester, the students will develop an in-depth and cultural specificity have also informed on the panoramic logic. This logic eventually analysis of the complex and its relationship to “invented traditions” of various kinds—formal/

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA inspired his image of the contemporary city. In the surrounding city based on the themes of stylistic appropriation of vernacular traditions parallel, and despite their deep interiority, the the studio. Each student will then develop his/ in the service of modern identity politics from courtyard buildings of the Süleymaniye Complex her own design project for the identified sites. colonialism and nationalism to tourism and offer another way of understanding the The aim is to generate a coherent urban design theme parks. With a cross-cultural perspective relationship between a locality and the totality. strategy out of a series of discreet architectural that transcends the Western/non-Western By internally exposing the sectional changes interventions. binary, this course offers a historical overview of the hillside and by relating directly to the of the search for national, regional, or cultural sky, they uncover another repertoire of moves A trip to Istanbul will be scheduled in the first expression in modern architecture over the last issue that link architecture to city. The studio aims to week of October, when the students will also century, addressing the ambiguity of this quest explore, expand, and forge continuities between be able to attend a conference organized by the between its “critical” and “commercialized” 8 these seemingly opposed repertoires. Le Corbusier Foundation and Bilgi University versions. In a lecture/seminar format, it will cover akpia aktc in celebration of the 100th anniversary of Le major debates and critical theories of national, 2011-2012 The Campus and the City: In the past twenty Corbusier’s visit to Istanbul. The studio is the regional and/or vernacular modernisms, THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE years, several university campuses have fifth in a series of studios on Istanbul taught with selected case studies from Europe, the been built in and around Istanbul. Whether in parallel with studios at Bilgi University by Mediterranean, and the Middle East. as reclaimed industrial sites or as new Professor Han Tümertekin. The studio will also developments on the fringes of the city, these benefit from the participation of Erkin Ozay, GSD 05210: Cities by Design campuses have invariably suffered from isolation research fellow in the Aga Khan Progam at Rahul Mehrotra, Joan Busquets, Jose Castillo, and a lack of connection to their surrounding the GSD. Felipe Correa, Fares El-Dahdah, Alex Krieger, neighborhoods. They have also negatively A. Hashim Sarkis affected the continuity of these neighborhoods GSD 04408: Situating the Modern: and their vitality. By returning to the Modern Architecture and Vernacular Tradition Cities by Design is a year-long course that Süleymaniye Complex, the studio aims to draw Sibel Bozdog˘ an studies urban form. Each semester, Cities by out strategies of continuity that could be applied Design will explore five urban case studies to to the contemporary context of Istanbul. From National Romanticism in the late 19th expose students to a range of factors that affect century to Critical Regionalism debates in the design of contemporary cities in various Studio Project: As a way of linking the complex to the 20th century, architecture’s ability to geographical contexts. The case studies will its surrounding neighborhoods and of helping evoke a sense of place, locality or identity has focus on both the urban condition as a whole them benefit from its recent rehabilitation, the been valued as a form of resistance to the by exploring processes of urban evolution, and

studio proposes to insert a technical school and hegemony of supra-national discourses such on the study of urban fragments or projects. 22 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Each case study will be taught during a two- • How the particular city contributes to a Courses | Spring 2012 week module, comprising four lectures and one definition of the “urban” condition discussion section. GSD 01508: Extreme Urbanisms II: • The framing and design of key urban projects/ Speculations and Alternative Futures for the Two main pedagogical objectives guide the case studies Mumbai Metropolitan Region

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA course. The course will allow students to Rahul Mehrotra, Gareth Doherty establish a broader definition of the “urban,” • The city’s planning institutions, historical forging commonalities amongst a diversity conditions, urban forms, or ambitions, etc., that The studio will engage with the Mumbai of cities. It will also provide the historical and have contributed to its iconicity in a global Metropolitan Region (MMR) as its site for comparative material to identify the urban context. enquiry, research, and design propositions. The characteristics and design strategies that render pedagogical thrust of the studio is to explore particular cities distinct. Comparative analyses the potential for urban design and planning as of the urban case studies will be guided by the well as landscape, architecture, and real estate issue following eight themes, which will be explored as instruments for spatial imaginations at the through the lectures, section discussions, and metropolitan scale. This studio will be the first 8 assigned readings: of a three-year thematic exploration of the akpia aktc Mumbai region, which will range from looking 2011-2012 • The city’s genealogy and key historical events,

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE at infrastructure and ecology, to questions of phases of development, & patterns housing, urban systems, and form. The studio of growth will have both research and design components that will focus on a menu of predetermined • The ways in which the terrain, geography, questions with regional implications. Project and infrastructural development constrain formulation will be an important component and present opportunities for the city’s of the studio. The studio will explore issues development and ambitions of extreme urbanism in the form of social, cultural, and economic disparities and how • The city’s planning and design culture and these manifest themselves in the MMR. Social decision-making institutions interactions, public space, and the broader issue of how design and planning can facilitate new • The challenges that social equity present to imaginations for the metropolitan region will be planning and design in the city central to the discussions. The intent will be to evolve new understandings of the contemporary • The orchestration of the city’s relationship to potential of the MMR and to position urban the broader region design and planning as well as landscape,

23 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

architecture, and real estate as instruments for comparative material to identify the urban GSD 09109: Advanced Research Seminar: School a broader strategy plan that is more nuanced characteristics and design strategies that render for Year 2030 in terms of the ecologies that it recognizes and particular cities distinct. Comparative analyses Erkin Ozay, Hashim Sarkis socially inclusive in its propositionary dimension. of the urban case studies will be guided by the The studio is open to all departments at the GSD, following eight themes, which will be explored What might American education look like in the

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA and will collaborate with the Loeb Fellowship through the lectures, section discussions, and year 2030? By that time, today’s newborns will and MDesS programs, as well as students and assigned readings: become college freshmen. The task of looking faculty from Harvard Business School, Harvard ahead at today’s American educational system Kennedy School, and Harvard Law School. • The city’s genealogy and key historical events, is an opportunity to think about the long-range phases of development, & patterns of growth future through collaboration between the GSD 05211: Cities by Design II disciplines of Design and Education. Rahul Mehrotra, Eve Blau, Jana Cephas, Felipe • The ways in which the terrain, geography, Correa, Peter Rowe, A. Hashim Sarkis and infrastructural development constrain In the first part of the seminar, Hashim Sarkis issue and present opportunities for the city’s and Deborah Jewell-Sherman of the Harvard Cities by Design is a year-long course that development and ambitions Graduate School of Education will propose 8 studies urban form. Each semester, Cities by a series of lectures addressing the future akpia aktc Design will explore five urban case studies to • The city’s planning and design culture and of education in relation to school facility 2011-2012 expose students to a range of factors that affect decision-making institutions typologies, community models, technology, and THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE the design of contemporary cities in various sustainability. geographical contexts. The case studies will • The challenges that social equity present to focus on both the urban condition as a whole planning and design in the city In the last part of the seminar, students by exploring processes of urban evolution, and from the Graduate School of Design and the on the study of urban fragments or projects. • The orchestration of the city’s relationship to Graduate School of Education will collaborate Each case study will be taught during a two- the broader region as “designers” and “clients” in a pedagogical week module, comprised of four lectures and exercise focusing on developing an intervention one discussion section. The Spring Case Studies • How the particular city contributes to a strategy for an existing Boston school or a include: Quito, Detroit, Istanbul, Shanghai, and definition of the “urban” condition design proposal for a new facility. The outcome Berlin. These are distinct from those presented of this common workshop will be exposed in a during Fall 2011. • The framing and design of key urban projects/ final presentation at the end of the seminar. case studies Two main pedagogical objectives guide the course. The course will allow students to • The city’s planning institutions, historical establish a broader definition of the ‘urban,’ conditions, urban forms, or ambitions, etc., that forging commonalities amongst a diversity have contributed to its iconicity in a global

of cities. It will also provide the historical and context. 24 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

GSD 09121: New Geographies Lab Research larger regional and trans-regional criteria. The to bridge between the very large and the very Seminar aim of the course is to generate a repertoire small (networks and frameworks) or to provide A. Hashim Sarkis of new categories of settlement within which forms that embody geographic references (e.g.: architectural interventions could be more continuous surfaces, environmentally integrated The course invites the students to examine effective. buildings).

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA emerging agglomerations of settlement that transcend the limitations of the global city, or Geography as Paradigm. Increasingly designers Curiously, while most of the research around cosmopolis. are being compelled to address and transform these different attributes has tended to be larger contexts and to give these contexts more quite intense, the parallel tracks of inquiry Much of the literature about urban development legible and expressive form. New problems are have remained disconnected. For example, today presents the cosmopolis as the inevitable being placed on the tables of designers (e.g., the discussion about continuous surfaces outcome of globalization with which we have infrastructure, urban systems, regional and rural in architecture ignores the importance of to contend. World migration patterns towards questions). continuity of ground in landscape ecology. The issue the urban, collective ecological risks, and the seminar does not propose that a common cause global economy are generating intense but Problems that had been confined to the is driving these different geographic tendencies 8 ultimately undesirable cities. We have benefited domains of engineering, ecology, or regional but it does insist that a synthesis is possible, akpia aktc enormously from two decades of rigorous planning are now looking for articulation by even necessary, in order to expand on the formal 2011-2012 documentation and analysis of this condition, design. This situation has opened up a range of possibilities of architecture and its social role. THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE but this literature persists in describing these technical and formal possibilities that had been phenomena within the confines of nation states, out of reach for designers. The need to address This makes the need to articulate the geographic through gradients of density and centrality such these “geographic” aspects has also encouraged paradigm all the more urgent, because the as urban-suburban-rural and with conventional designers to re-examine their tools and to synthesizing role that geography aspired to play land-use categories that overlook many of the develop means to link together attributes that between the physical, the economic, and the radically different morphologies and typologies had been understood to be either separate from social is now being increasingly delegated to that are emerging. Ultimately, many of these each other or external to their disciplines. (For design. methodologies compromise the originality and example, in the past decade, different versions of potential of emerging forms of settlement. landscape urbanism have emerged in response The aim of the course is to expose the workings to similar challenges). of this latent paradigm and to help articulate The course starts with the premise that and direct them towards a more productive emerging agglomerations could provide Yet engaging the geographic does not only synthesis. Even though the term geographic clear alternatives if studied through different mean a shift in scale. This has also come to affect is used primarily in a metaphorical way to parameters and without the prejudice towards the formal repertoire of architecture, even at a designate a connection to the physical context, the “urban.” In parallel with a set of readings and smaller scale, with more architects becoming the paradigm does overlap with the discipline discussions, the students proceed to analyze interested in forms that reflect the geographic of geography. The history of geography is

specific case studies and to model them using connectedness of architecture, through its ability strongly linked to the history of discovery 25 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

and colonization. The instruments for the discovery of territory were extended into its documentation and then, in turn, were extended into its appropriation and transformation. And yet the discipline has evolved to become more

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA diverse and broad, to become institutionalized around geographic societies; to split into human and physical geography producing very different approaches and even subject matters; then to disintegrate (as in the case of Harvard) and migrate into other disciplines (sociology, public health, information systems); and then to be revived around central contemporary issues issue such as globalization. The paradigmatic role of geography in our thinking about design in this 8 course could be taken in the narrower sense of akpia aktc geographic as being an attempt to study the 2011-2012 relationship between the social and the physical THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE at a larger territorial scale but also to attempt a synthesis along the lines of “high” geography by design.

26 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Faculty

Hashim Sarkis

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Hashim Sarkis is the Aga Khan Professor of Hong Kong, Venice, and Rotterdam, and at the Landscape Architecture and Urbanism in Museum of Modern Art in New York. Muslim Societies and Director of the Aga Khan Program at the GSD. He teaches design studios, Sarkis is author of several books and articles including a series of studios on infrastructure including Circa 1958: Lebanon in the Pictures and public space in Istanbul (Geography of a and Plans of Constantinos Doxiadis (Beirut: Dar Bridge; Intermodal Istanbul; and The New Gate); Annahar, 2003), editor of CASE: Le Corbusier’s Makina/Medina: Reconfiguring the Relationship Venice Hospital (Munich: Prestel, 2001), coeditor, issue Between Geography and Event in the City of Fez; with Peter G. Rowe, of Projecting Beirut (Munich: 8 and Square One: Martyrs’ Square, Downtown Prestel, 1998), and editor of the CASE publication akpia Beirut, Lebanon. He also teaches courses in series (GSD/Prestel). Sarkis currently chairs the aktc the history and theory of architecture, such Research Advancement Initiative at the GSD. 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE as New Geographies, Practices in Democracy, From 2002 to 2005 he was also Director of the Constructing Vision: A History and Theory Master in Design Studies (MDesS) program of Perspective’s Applications in Architecture, and the Doctor of Design (DDes) program. Developing Worlds: Planning and Design in He received his BArch and BFA from the the Middle East and Latin America After WWII, Rhode Island School of Design, his MArch from and Green Modern: A History of Environmental the GSD, and his PhD in architecture from Consciousness in Architecture from Patrick Harvard University. Geddes to the Present. Sarkis is also a practicing architect.

The Hashim Sarkis Studios are located in Cambridge, Massachusetts and Beirut, Lebanon. His projects include the new town hall for the city of Byblos, a housing complex for the fishermen of Tyre, a park in downtown Beirut, and several urban and landscape projects. His work has been widely published and exhibited, most recently at the Biennales of Shenzhen 27 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

this study and its recommendations, the historic Fort area was declared a conservation precinct in 1995 by the state government. He has also Rahul Mehrotra edited a volume entitled The Architecture of the 20th Century in the South Asian Region and

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Rahul Mehrotra is Professor of Urban Design and the first of the three books that document the Planning and Chair of the Department of Urban 2004 Michigan Debates on Urbanism. His most Planning and Design at the GSD. He is also a recent book, Architecture in India since 1990, was member of the steering committee of Harvard’s published in August 2011. South Asia Initiative, as well as a practicing architect in Mumbai. As trustee of the Urban Design Research Institute (UDRI) and Partners for Urban His practice, RMA Architects (www. Knowledge Action and Research (PUKAR), both issue RMAarchitects.com), founded in 1990, has based in Mumbai, Mehrotra continues to be executed a range of projects, from the recycling engaged as an activist in the civic and urban 8 affairs of the city. He has been a jury member akpia of urban land and the master planning for parts aktc of Mumbai to the design of art spaces, homes, for the Aga Khan Awards for Architecture, the 2011-2012 Berkeley Prize, the James Stirling Memorial THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE social institutes, and work places across India. These diverse projects have engaged many Lectures on the City, the Urban Age Awards, issues, multiple constituencies, and varying and the Audi Urban Futures Award (2010). scales, from interior design and architecture He is currently a member of the Prince Claus to urban design, conservation, and planning. Fund Awards Committee (2007–11), and The firm’s work has been published in Abitare, the Global Jury of the 3rd Holcim Awards Archiworld, Architectural Review, Domus, Competition (2012). He was a member of the Architectural Design, A+U, and Arquitectura Steering Committee of the Aga Khan Awards Viva, as well as other prominent Indian and for Architecture (2008–2010 award cycle). He international journals and books on architecture currently serves on the governing Boards of and design. Mehrotra has written and lectured the London School of Economics (LSE) Cities extensively on architecture, conservation, and Programme and the Indian Institute of Human urban planning. He has written, coauthored, and Settlements (IIHS). Mehrotra studied at the edited a vast repertoire of books on Mumbai, School of Architecture (CEPT), Ahmedabad, and its urban history, its historic buildings, and graduated with a Master’s in Urban Design with public spaces and planning processes. The most distinction from the GSD. He has taught at the significant of these was Conserving an Image University of Michigan (2003–2007) and at the School of Architecture and Urban Planning at Centre: The Fort Precinct in Bombay; based on 28 MIT (2007–2010). AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Sibel Bozdog˘an

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Sibel Bozdog˘an holds a professional degree Environment and Architectural Culture” held in architecture from Middle East Technical in Istanbul Bilgi University in Fall 2010 and has University, Ankara, Turkey (1976) and a PhD recently completed Turkey: Modern Architectures from the University of Pennsylvania (1983). in History, coauthored by Esra Akcan for Reaktion She has taught architectural history and Books (2012). theory courses at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1986–1991), MIT (1991–1999), and the GSD, Harvard University (part-time since issue 2000). She has also served as the Director of 8 Liberal Studies at the Boston Architectural akpia Center (2004–2006), and currently teaches aktc in the new Graduate Architecture Program of 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Bilgi University during spring semesters. She works on transnational histories of modern architecture and urbanism in Europe, the United States, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East, with a specific focus on Turkey. She has published articles internationally, coauthored a monograph on the Turkish architect Sedad Hakki Eldem (1987), and coedited an interdisciplinary volume, Rethinking Modernity and National Identity in Turkey (1997). Her Modernism and Nation Building: Turkish Architectural Culture in the Early Republic (University of Washington Press, 2001) won the 2002 Alice Davis Hitchcock Award of the Society of Architectural Historians and the Köprülü Book Prize of the Turkish Studies Association. She was one of the curators of the exhibition “Istanbul 1910–2010: City, Built 29 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY 2011-2012 Visiting Fellows

Manuel Heitor Erkin Ozay

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Manuel Heitor is Full Professor at the Instituto Erkin Özay is an architect and a lecturer at the Superior Técnico, IST, the engineering school of Harvard Graduate School of Design. He received the Technical University of Lisbon, and served his BArch degree from Middle East Technical as Secretary of State for Science, Technology, University in Ankara (1998) and his MArch II and Higher Education in the Government of degree from Harvard University (2001). He Portugal from March 2005 to June 2011. He has practiced at various places in Istanbul, the earned a PhD at London’s Imperial College Greater Boston area, and London, focusing on in 1985, and did post-doctoral training at the residential, institutional, and urban development issue University of California San Diego. He pursued projects. He has won numerous design awards 8 an academic career at IST, where he served as a collaborator and for his own practice. His akpia as Deputy-President from 1993 to 1998. Since award-winning proposal for a high-density aktc 1995, he has been Research Fellow of the IC2 housing competition in New Orleans was 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Institute, Innovation, Creativity and Capital, exhibited at the 2006 Venice Architecture at the University of Texas, Austin. He was the Biennale. Erkin Özay recently taught a studio founding director of IST´s Center for Innovation, with Prof. Hashim Sarkis at Harvard University, Technology and Policy Research, designated focusing on the Süleymaniye Complex and its in 2005 by the International Association of relationship with Istanbul’s historic peninsula. Management of Technology, IAMOT, as one He will be teaching a seminar in Spring 2012 of the top fifty global centers of research on titled “School for Year 2030” in partnership with “Management of Technology.” In 2003, he the Harvard Graduate School of Education. received the Dibner Award from the Society for His current research focuses on the clash the History of Technology. between Istanbul’s expanding transportation infrastructure and the historic city.

30 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Students

Amin Alsaden Peter Christensen Saira Hashmi

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Amin Alsaden is a first-year PhD student. Peter Christensen is a PhD candidate in Saira Hashmi is a doctoral candidate at the His research interests include the role of Architecture at Harvard University. His research Harvard Graduate School of Design. Her research politics in determining forms of architectural centers on the practice and historiography interest focuses on designing an optimal water Modernism in non-western contexts; civic and of geopolitics as a field of inquiry since the infrastructure network for sustainable cities cultural developments, institutes, and their nineteenth century onwards, and its implications that embodies the culture and environment historiography; and museology and the social, for spatial practices, with particular interest in with an emphasis on the Middle East. She is cultural, and cognitive role of architecture in infrastructure and the borders of Islamic and developing models that will help in maximizing relation to artistic and curatorial practices. Judeo-Christian civilizations. His current doctoral reuse of water sources and minimizing water issue Amin’s dissertation will focus on architectural research considers cultural, technological, and consumption, by investing in appropriate developments in Baghdad in the postwar years architectural exchanges between the German, efficient sets of water, saving technologies 8 up to the fall of the monarchical regime, a period Austro-Hungarian, and Ottoman Empires in within the city along with unconventional akpia aktc that witnessed unprecedented intellectual tandem with the speculation and construction water resources. Her research on water scarcity 2011-2012 of the Berlin-Baghdad Railway, 1872–1914. In THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE and artistic growth and multifaceted cultural explores the connection between the cultural production. 2011–2012, Peter is on a Fulbright Scholarship and technological sides of ecological solutions. conducting archival research towards his Her background is in civil and environmental Amin holds a Master’s in Architecture from dissertation, which includes the recent discovery engineering, and she received her Masters Princeton University and a Bachelor in of lavishly illustrated and previously unpublished in Environmental Engineering from Harvard Architecture, with a Minor in Interior Design, topographic and settlement maps of a broad University. swath of the Ottoman Empire extending from from the American University of Sharjah. He has Konya to Baghdad, executed by the German worked at various architectural practices, most engineer Wilhelm von Pressel between 1872– recently at OMA and MVRDV in the Netherlands, 1878. Peter holds a BArch from Cornell University where his experience involved large-scale and a MDesS and AM from Harvard. urban proposals and high-rise buildings, as well as cultural projects including art districts, museums, and exhibition design.

31 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Recent Graduate

Aylin B. Yıldırım Tschoepe Antonio Petrov

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Aylin B. Yıldırım Tschoepe received the Graduate Antonio Petrov received his doctorate from Engineer Diploma in Germany in 2003 and Harvard University. In his work he explores a began working as an architect on public and range of subjects that include material culture, private projects soon after. In 2007, Aylin received cultural memory, and postmodern paradigms a Master of Science degree after carrying out inscribed in sacred architecture, landscapes, case studies in informal settlements in Istanbul, and urban formations. His research traces proposing an alternative strategy for gecekondu the emergence of new spatial paradigms in upgrading. As a Doctor of Design candidate ecclesiastical architecture and argues that issue at Harvard in her final year, Aylin is pursuing postwar American Protestantism not only an academic career in the fields of urban overcame the traditional signification of sacred 8 studies and anthropology. At the GSD, Aylin architecture, but also its dichotomy of form, akpia aktc has worked as a teaching fellow for seminars function, and aesthetics. To this end, he is 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE and design studios. Her research interest lies in working on publishing his dissertation, titled interdisciplinary approaches to issues resulting “Superordinary! New Paradigms in Sacred from rapid urbanization and migration in regard Architecture.” Presently, he is editor-in-chief of to urban and rural development. Concurrently, DOMA, a bilingual magazine in Macedonia, and Aylin began a PhD in Anthropology and Middle of the fifth volume of the Harvard journal New Eastern Studies at the GSAS at Harvard in Fall Geographies. In volume 5, “The Mediterranean,” 2011; this will allow her to expand and deepen he aims to spatialize the Mediterranean as her expertise in interdisciplinary work, research, a larger geographic entity that straddles and teaching. conventional boundaries between cities and hinterlands, and conceptualizes it as possessing a geographic, spatial, and cultural meaning beyond known boundaries, cultures, and geo- political contours.

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AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

2011–2012 LECTURES AND ACTIVITIES

Fall 2011 “An Evening With…” Lecture Series Spring 2012 “An Evening With…” Lecture Series April 9 African Identity in Post-Apartheid Public Architecture: White Skin, Black Masks Jonathan Noble Associate Professor, School of Architecture AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA and Planning University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg September 19 The Avenue of Sphinxes, Luxor, Egypt; Historical April 23 and Cultural Challenges in Urban Design Architectural Discontext Hala Nassar Makram el Kadi & Ziad Jamaleddine

issue Associate Professor in Planning & Landscape Architecture, Clemson University February 13 8 Formation of Marinid Madrasas and the akpia October 3 aktc Ornate Archiving of Sovereignty 2011-2012 The Work of the Aga Khan Planning and Build- THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Riyaz Latif ing Services in Pakistan Post-Doctoral Fellow, AKPIA@MIT Hafiz Sherali Chairman, Aga Khan Planning and Building March 19 Services, Pakistan Modernity, Citizenship and Urban Space: Public Beaches and Swimming Pools in Early November 7 Republican Istanbul Panoramic Urbanism: Visualizing Urban History Sibel Bozdog˘an in Istanbul Visiting Lecturer, AKPIA@MIT ˙Ipek Türeli Post-Doctoral Fellow, AKPIA@MIT April 2 The Art of Mediation: Aesthetics and the December 5 Imagination in Islamic Ornamental Art Bioclimatic Devices and Adaptations at Alijares Samir Mahmoud Palace (Alhambra, 14th century) and Other Post-Doctoral Fellow, AKPIA@MIT Nasrid Buildings Luis José García Pulido 33 Post-Doctoral Fellow, AKPIA@MIT v

AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

REUNION EVENT

AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF Founded in 1979 with a generous endowment AKPIA@MIT COURSES OFFERED ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE from His Highness the Aga Khan and housed OF TECHNOLOGY at Harvard University and MIT, the Aga Khan FALL 2011 COURSES program is dedicated to the study of Islamic AKPIA@MIT 30th ANNIVERSARY REUNION architecture, urbanism, visual culture, land- 4.214J / 11.314J AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA scape, and conservation. Today, AKPIA is recog- Water, Landscape and Urban Design nized as the leader in the study of architecture Anne Spirn, James Wescoat in the Islamic world. Its success is measured Water affects the design of every building, site, by the success of its graduates, many of whom and city in aesthetic, functional, and symbolic occupy leading positions in the profession, in ways. This course examines issues of water- academe, and in various artistic and develop- conserving design in different regions of the mental fields all around the world. world, with a focus on the U.S. and South Asia. issue In addition to lectures and discussion, workshop We gather at this AKPIA reunion at MIT to participants will develop water-conserving 8 celebrate these achievements and the people design proposals at the site, neighborhood, and akpia aktc behind them. AKPIA is very proud of its gradu- comparative international scales. 2011-2012 ates, and AKPIA is very proud of the role it has THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE played in their education and in advancing This Workshop has four main aims: their careers. We hope to continue playing 1. To provide a systematic introduction to the those roles for years to come, and we hope rapidly growing field of water-conserving that we can depend on the expertise and urban design, with an emphasis on landscape September 30 and October 1, 2011 at MIT generosity of our graduates to strengthen our innovations. Thirty years have passed since the first PhD program and further its mission. in an Islamic architecture topic was granted 2. To cultivate an understanding of the growing at MIT. The honour goes to Saleh al-Hathloul Nasser Rabbat role of stormwater management in urban landscape design, which includes combined (PhD, 1981), with his dissertation “Tradi- Aga Khan Professor and Program Director, MIT sewer overflows, best management practices tion, Continuity and Change in the Physical for stormwater management, and strategic Environment: The Arab-Muslim City.” Since planning for sustainable community then, more than 20 PhD dissertations and 135 development. SMArchS theses on Islamic architecture and urbanism have come out of MIT, all sponsored 3. To situate urban stormwater design within and supported by the Aga Khan Program for an ecological perspective that encompasses Islamic Architecture. climate, geology, soil, and plant and animal 34 communities. v

AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

4. To study the historical geography of design credits for natural hazards preparedness (though and stylistic characteristics are examined in innovations in different regions of the world USGBC is committed to changing that). conjunction with their historical, political, and as a way to generate and evaluate design intellectual settings. alternatives. The range of environmental hazards is formidable. It encompasses rapid-onset Visual media are used to elucidate the artistic/

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Each year the workshop focuses on the geophysical events such as earthquakes, cultural varieties and historical developments conceptual design of a project in the US for landslides, flash floods, tsunamis, and volcanic of this architectural heritage. Students are a particular client where analogies between eruptions; technological disasters that include encouraged to raise questions and generate innovative precedents in cities of South Asia chemical accidents and spills; and long duration debates during the lectures as well as the help “expand the range of choice” among design events that are sometimes referred to as discussion sessions. The aim is to explore all alternatives. This year the class will continue creeping environmental problems (e.g., drought, possible venues of interpretation to better locate last year’s focus on the ultra-urban Mill Creek erosion, and climate change). Some scholars Islamic religious architecture within its regional, watershed of West Philadelphia in light of the include violent conflict and terrorism. In the pan-Islamic, and universal and cross-cultural issue Philadelphia Water Department’s landmark wake of major disasters, design schools often contexts. proposal to reduce combined sewer overflows mobilize studios to address that particular 8 through green infrastructure. event. While well intentioned, this approach 4.621 akpia aktc has limited prospects for building deep Orientalism and Representation 2011-2012 4.217J / 11.315J understanding, practical expertise, and long- Sibel Bozdog˘an THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Disaster Resilient Design term benefits for the people and places at risk. James Wescoat Seminar on the historiography and politics 4.614 of representation, with special focus on This seminar was conceived during the period Religious Architecture and Islamic Cultures Orientalist traditions in architecture, art, of the Haiti earthquake, BP oil spill, and Indus Christian Hedrick literature, and scholarship. Critically analyzes River flooding, and it was revised after the 2011 pivotal texts, projects, and images that informed tsunami in Japan. It asks how can designers and This course introduces the history of Islamic the cross-cultural encounters between Europe planners contribute to disaster resilience? cultures through its architecture. Religious, and the “Orient” from Antiquity to the present. commemorative, and educational structures Discusses how political and ideological The field of disaster-resilient design is growing, are surveyed from the beginning of Islam in attitudes and religious beliefs informed both but gaps remain between the professions of 7th-century Arabia to its developing into a world the construction and reproduction of Western environmental design and hazards mitigation. religion professed by one-sixth of humanity knowledge about the Islamic world as well as Few planning and design schools focus on today. The survey is chronological, with emphasis the revisionist “Oriental” self-representations. hazards. Green building movements have on distinguished patrons, influential thinkers, Research paper required. also devoted limited emphasis to hazards and outstanding designers. Representative preparedness, mitigation, and reconstruction. examples of mosques, madrasas, mausolea,

For example, the LEED rating system has few etc., are analyzed and their architectural, urban, 35 v

AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SPRING 2012 COURSES governments and countries have not been able Program and Typological Investigation: to accommodate their citizens with respect to The focus will be on developing a home/dwelling 4.154 access to housing due to shortages of all kinds rather than a house, the difference being one Architecture Design Option Studio - Affordable (shortage of land, shortage of money, shortage of a spatial experience that is set within the Housing in KSA of regulation, shortage of technical building cultural backdrop of Arabian/Saudi patterns of

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Makram el Kadi capacity), the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, one of domesticity. The studio will address the idea of Ziad Jamaleddine the largest exporters of oil in the world, and expanded living at the collective scale in relation the richest Arab country, presents a particularly to the culture of privacy by shuffling the housing Socio-Cultural Context: interesting case study: it does not suffer from programmatic components either internally Access to adequate housing has been a central the shortages listed above, yet no more than to create a larger public entity or externally by issue in socio-economic policies and urban 20% of the population own their homes. In this introducing urban amenities within the housing governance dynamics since the creation of the studio, we argue that a key hurdle for access to component. This notion of expansion will also modern states in the Middle East. From the adequate housing in this context is the shortage be addressed at the unit scale by designing issue utopia of the suburban detached houses of of imagination and lack of design sensitivity a flexibility that caters to the expansion and North America, to the slums of Mumbai, and to the needs of the end user. Golf course growth of the family unit. 8 the cities of living dead in Cairo, lies a range residential compounds and high-rise modern akpia aktc of housing “conditions” that present clear apartment buildings do not seem to be among Research: 2011-2012 testimony of the complex matrix of issues and the “adequate” housing types desired by the vast Students will benefit from close exposure to the THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE forces that come into play. majority of Saudi Arabian families, the bulk of issues at play through presentations by officials whom belong to the middle and lower middle from various public authorities such as the Acute rural to urban migration, coupled with class, on the income level scale. municipality of Riyadh, Ministry of Public Works some of the world’s highest ratios of population and Housing, and The King Abdallah Charitable growth, leaves countries in the Middle East, and Site: Foundation for Cooperative Housing, as well as their governments, struggling with the rising The studio aims at investigating design from the perspective of developers, presented challenge of access to adequate housing for the typologies for adequate housing for middle and by Al Mutawir—studio advisor—a private real vast majority of the population. The latest events lower middle income Saudi families. It will take estate developer with interest in affordable of uprising and unrest loosely referred to as the as a case study the city of Riyadh, capital of KSA, housing projects in KSA, and other GCC countries “Arab Spring” will definitely push this matter where the students will pick their sites after the that have expressed interested in helping the to the forefront. Reports indicate a shortage of initial workshop and site visit. The sites will re- students with their research. anywhere between 4.25 to 6 million housing examine through infill within the existing urban units in these countries, collectively, until 2015, fabric, the conditions of affordable housing, with an estimated annual take-up rate of 1.25 to from notions of privacy, to those of accessibility, 1.5 million units a year. constructability, and ecology, and from the scale of the unit, to that of the urban block/tray, to

Whilst it may be argued that the challenge is that of the larger city block. 36 predominantly economic in nature, and that v

AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

4.216J / 11.316J 4.611 / 4.613 context of imperial, national and global politics. Landscape and Urban Heritage Conservation— Civic Architecture in Islamic History—Istanbul: Lectures will be supplemented by selected Delhi Nallah Project From Imperial Capital to Global City readings and films. Course requirements James Wescoat Sibel Bozdog˘an include a number of short response essays and/ or architectural/urban analysis assignments

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA This workshop introduces students to the This lecture course offers an overview of throughout the semester and a final in-class theory and practice of urban landscape and Istanbul’s urban/architectural transformations examination/content review at the end of environmental heritage conservation in the in the last two centuries, situating these the semester. Graduate students can chose Indo-Islamic context. Theoretically, this field developments within both the historical to write a research paper in place of the final is charged with issues of cultural identity, dynamics of modern Turkey and the broader examination. environmental quality, historicism, and heritage. trans-national context of the region and the It entails multiple methods of inquiry and world at large. 4.616 associated challenges of synthesis, analogy, and Selected Topics on Culture and Architecture— issue conservation design. The practice of conservation In particular, four distinct periods will be Global Perspectives on Modern Architecture design in South Asia is entering a new phase covered, marked by important political-social- Sibel Bozdog˘an 8 of sophistication, which contributes to the cultural shifts and the introduction of new akpia aktc theory and practice of the field internationally. urban visions, with corresponding changes The inherited Eurocentric biases of the 2011-2012 Students will gain firsthand experience of these in the city’s skyline, macro form, landscape, historiography of modern architecture have THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE connections by working on a nallah (stream- architecture, and overall urban aesthetics: 1) more recently been dismantled in favor of sewer) conservation design project with the Aga late Ottoman reforms in urban administration, recognizing the plurality, heterogeneity, and Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) in the Nizamuddin infrastructure, and transportation, accompanied differences of modern architectures across the area of south Delhi, an area that encompasses by the cosmopolitan architecture of fin-de-siècle globe. Recent critical theories and revisionist Sufi shrines, Mughal tomb-gardens, and Istanbul; 2) early republican transformations in histories have articulated the need to abandon modern infrastructure projects. The larger AKTC the 1930s and 1940s: the master plan of Henri the very idea of a central, singular, and canonic project in Nizamuddin links cultural heritage Prost and the new public spaces of secular modernism or “a European master narrative” conservation with environmental management modernity; 3) post-WWII urban interventions claiming distinction from what was perceived to and socioeconomic development. Students will and the onset of massive migration, the be its lesser, derivative extensions in peripheral spend ~10 days in India during IAP in January speculative apartment boom, and squatter geographies (“non-Western”, “Third World” or 2012. We will meet leading conservation developments, transforming Istanbul from a “other” modernisms, to cite some of the terms professionals, the Archaeological Survey of India “shore city” to a “hinterland city”; and 4) the in circulation). What is proposed instead is (ASI), and environmental organizations in Delhi. “branding” of Istanbul as a global city since the a “cosmopolitan modernism” —one that is We will take short trips to conservation projects 1980s: trans-national spaces of consumption, de-centered, worldwide, and heterogeneous; across greater Delhi and to Agra for comparison gated communities, and suburban sprawl. The a global history that explores the circulation, with the nallah restoration project in Delhi. primary objective of the course is to investigate translation, and domestication of architectural/

the complex, hybrid, and contested urban history urban ideas and forms, not just between the 37 and geography of a unique world city in the v

AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

industrialized West and the countries typically Through weekly discussion of selected texts Individual projects will vary by discipline, phase grouped under the term “Third World,” but and contexts, we will focus on how imported of development, and outcomes, but we will among different “Third World” countries discourses of modern architecture and urbanism have a shared approach, and will gain themselves. are contested, selectively appropriated, and by exchanging information on the latest transformed in peripheral geographies, research in the field. We will have common

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA This seminar seeks to review the growing reflecting the complex internal dynamics and reading tasks, organized by scale. I will give body of recent scholarship paradigmatic of the specific national projects of these countries. short talks on the historical development of such trans-national perspectives in the history The overall objective of the seminar is to each scale of water management to of modern architecture—not only studies of critically map the field, identify theoretical and complement the discussion. In addition, we individual countries like Turkey, Japan, China, methodological issues common to such trans- will build upon MIT’s Rethinking Water theme India, Iran, Brazil, Mexico, and Indonesia (such national studies of modernism, and discuss to identify issues and interests across all five as Bozdog˘an, 2001; Akcan, 2012; Oshima, 2009; the ways in which they open up, contribute to, Schools. Our Water Reading Group can help Kuan, 2002; Lu, 2005; Prakash, 2002; Grigor, 2009; or transform the history, theory and criticism shape, as well as participate, in this agenda. issue Deckker, 2001; Carranza, 2010; and Kusno, 2000 of modern architecture. Seminar participants and 2010) but also broader and comparative will be required to make class presentations on 8 regional studies (such as Duanfang Lu, ed., Third selected topics/texts/countries and submit a akpia aktc World Modernism: Architecture, Development major research paper at the end of the semester. 2011-2012 and Identity, 2010; Mark Crinson, Modern THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Architecture and the End of Empire, 2003; J.F. 4.625J / 11.378J Lejeune, Michelangelo Sabatino, eds., Modern Water Reading Group: Water-Conserving Design Architecture and the Mediterranean, 2010; and James Wescoat Sandy Isenstadt and Kishwar Rizvi, eds., Modern Architecture and the Middle East, 2008, as well The reading group is intended for graduate as special issues of the Docomomo Journal on students who have a core interest in water— Caribbean, Middle East and Africa). Through these in environmental design, history, planning, selected works, the seminar will explore the role engineering, and/or policy. Water poses some of architecture in the making (and continuous of the most challenging problems to societies re-negotiation) of modern national identities of around the world. It resonates with profound countries outside Europe and North America, meanings of life, livelihood, beauty, death, and from their colonial/imperial beginnings in the destruction. It is a fascinating molecule. 19th century to the building of post-colonial/ post-imperial nation states in the 20th century Group members should have a major water and the more recent effects of globalization and project in mind or underway that requires neo-liberal economic integration in the 21st. systematic reading in the field, e.g., a master’s

thesis, doctoral dissertation, literature review, 38 consulting project, or publication. AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Faculty

Nasser Rabbat James Wescoat

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Nasser Rabbat is on leave in 2011–12 and is (London: The Architecture Foundation, 2011); James Wescoat is conducting research and spending the year as a fellow at the Radcliffe “Circling the Square: Architecture and Revolution teaching on Water and Landscape Design Institute for Advanced Study. He is writing a book in Cairo,” Artforum (April 2011); in addition he in South Asia. This year he co-taught short tentatively title The Story of Islamic Architecture, wrote several articles on the Arab Spring and the workshops on Disaster-Resilient Design in and putting the final touches on two other Syrian Revolution online: Jadaliyya.com, http:// Lahore, Pakistan, and Minami Sanriku, Japan. books: L’art Islamique à la recherche d’une www.jadaliyya.com/pages/contributors/33681 He gave lectures on water history, heritage, and méthode historique and Al-Naqd Iltizaman and Le Monde Diplomatique http://www. design in South Asia at the World Economic (Criticism as Commitment), which should come mondiploar.com/article3400.html. Beside Forum in Davos, the Indian National Trust for Art issue out soon. He lectured widely this last year serving on a number of executive boards in and Cultural Heritage in New Delhi, the Freer in places from Boston to Chicago, Montreal, 2011–12, Professor Rabbat consulted on a few and Sackler Galleries of Asian Art in Washington, 8 Cleveland, and Doha, Qatar, on topics ranging projects in Qatar, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. D.C., the University of London School of Oriental akpia aktc from the Arab Spring to the history of Cairo to and African Studies, the Aga Khan Program 2011-2012 for Islamic Architecture at Harvard, and the THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE the historiography of Islamic architecture. He also organized and chaired a panel, “The Global Annemarie Schimmel Memorial Lecture at Architect in the Free Trade Age,” for the MIT the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Jim is a 150th Anniversary celebration, and a symposium co-organizer and speaker on water research at on the occasion of the 30th Anniversary the MIT Environmental Research Forum, and a member of the National Research Council Alumni Reunion of AKPIA@MIT. He served Committee on Himalayan Glaciers and Climate as a discussant in a session on Oleg Grabar’s Change. As this update goes to press, he will be contributions at the MESA Annual Meeting, taking a group of graduate students to Delhi for Washington, D.C. His publications last year a Water and Landscape Heritage Conservation include “What’s in a Name? The New ‘Islamic workshop led by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture Art’ Galleries at the Met,” (January 2012); “MIA in the Nizamuddin area of Delhi. and the Memory of Ibn Tulun,” in Reflections on Islamic Art, ed. Ahdaf Soueif (Qatar Museum Authority, 2011); “The Pedigreed Domain of Architecture: A View from the Cultural Margin,” in Perspecta 44; “Mosques and the Western Claim of Secularism,” in Faith in the City: The Mosque in the Contemporary Urban West 39 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Visiting Faculty

Sibel Bozdog˘an Makram el-Kadi

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Sibel Bozdogan holds a professional degree Culture” at Istanbul Bilgi University in Fall Born in Beirut in 1974, Makram el Kadi received in architecture from Middle East Technical 2010 and recently completed Turkey: Modern his bachelor of architecture degree from the University, Ankara, Turkey (1976), and a PhD Architectures in History, co-authored by Esra American University of Beirut in 1997 and his from the University of Pennsylvania (1983). Akcan for Reaktion Books (2012). master’s of architecture from the Parsons She has taught architectural history and School of Design in 1999. After working at the theory courses at Rensselaer Polytechnic offices of Fumihiko Maki in Japan, he joined Institute (1986– 1991), MIT (1991–1999), and Steven Holl Architects where for 5 years he was the GSD, Harvard University (part-time since project architect on numerous international issue 2000). She has also served as the Director of projects, among them the World Trade Center Liberal Studies at the Boston Architectural proposal with Richard Meier, Peter Eisenman, 8 Center (2004–2006) and currently teaches and Charles Gwathmey, and the winning entry akpia aktc in the new Graduate Architecture Program to the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles 2011-2012 of Bilgi University in the spring semester. She THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE County competition. Mr. El Kadi taught an works on trans-national histories of modern architecture studio with Steven Holl at the architecture and urbanism in Europe, the Columbia University School of Architecture U.S., the Mediterranean, and the Middle Planning and Preservation GSAPP in 2004 and East, with a specific focus on Turkey. She 2005, and as part of L.E.FT at Cornell University has published articles internationally, has in 2006. He currently teaches a graduate studio co-authored a monograph on the Turkish at MIT, where he serves as the Aga Khan Visiting architect Sedad Hakki Eldem (1987), and co- Lecturer. He also has a regular teaching position edited an interdisciplinary volume, Rethinking at Yale, where he was the Louis Kahn Visiting Modernity and National Identity in Turkey Assistant Professor of Architecture and has been (1997). Her Modernism and Nation Building: part of the Yale faculty since 2009. Turkish Architectural Culture in the Early Republic (University of Washington Press, 2001) won the 2002 Alice Davis Hitchcock Award of the Society of Architectural Historians and the Köprülü Book Prize of the Turkish Studies Association. She was one of the curators of the exhibition on “Istanbul 1910–2010: 40 City, Built Environment and Architectural AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2011–2012 Post-Doctoral Fellows

v

Ziad Jamaleddine Christian A. Hedrick Luis José García Pulido

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Born in Beirut in 1971, Ziad Jamaleddine received (See PHD students section) Luis José García Pulido (Úbeda, Spain) has a his Bachelor’s degree in Architecture from the doctorate and master’s from the University of American University of Beirut in 1995, where he Granada; his research there was on “Archaeology won the Areen Award for excellence in design. and Territory.” He also holds a master’s degree He received his master’s degree in architecture from the University of Seville, where his research from the Graduate School of Design at Harvard was on “Architecture and Cultural Heritage.” University in 1999. Mr. Jamaleddine worked He is part of the research group “Laboratory for Steven Holl Architects for 5 years, where he of Archaeology and Architecture of the City” issue was the assistant to the project architect for (LAAC, Hum-104, EEA, CSIC), and research Simmons Hall dormitory at MIT (winner of the associate to “Laboratory TRACES (Travaux et 8 National AIA Design award in 2003 and the Recherches Archaeologiques sur les Cultures),” akpia aktc New York AIA award in 2002), and the project CNRS-University of Toulouse 2-Le Mirail. He 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE architect for the design and development of researches the history of Islamic architecture, the Beirut Marina project in downtown Beirut. urban planning, territories and cultural Mr. Jamaleddine co-taught Vertical Studio landscapes, medieval and ancient hydraulic and Seminar at Cornell University, Third-Year systems and devices, and architectural heritage Graduate Advanced Architectural Design documentation and restoration. Studio at PennDesign, and Vertical Studio at the American University of Beirut, Lebanon. His PhD dissertation was a finalist for first prize at IUACC (University of Seville). His book titled La dimension territorial del entorno de la Alhambra was published in 2011, while the rest of his PhD research will be published next year by the Alhambra Trust. Beginning in March 2012 Luis will be a post-doctoral fellow in the School of Arab Studies in Granada (CSIC), with a grant from the Juan de la Cierva’s Program of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. His research is on “The Peri-Urban Territory of the Nasrid Cities and the Structures Preserved 41 in Them.” AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Riyaz Latif Samir Mahmoud

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Trained as an architect in India, Riyaz Latif Samir Mahmoud submitted his dissertation he takes students on educational tours to received his PhD in art history from the in philosophical aesthetics at the Faculty of Italy, France, and Spain. Last summer he was a University of Minnesota. While in residence at Divinity, the University of Cambridge. With a visiting research scholar at the Tuscan Classical AKPIA@MIT, he is working towards converting Bachelor’s degree in Anthropology (UNSW, Academy. He currently teaches a course on his dissertation into a book manuscript, Australia), a Master’s degree in the History of the history of art and architecture at the CMC, tentatively titled “Ornate Visions of Knowledge Architecture & Urban Design (UNSW, Australia), Cambridge, and at the “Heritage Summers” and Power: Formation of Marinid Madrasas in and a Master of Philosophy (Cambridge), his summer program in Cambridge. He is the Maghrib al-Aqsa.” Concurrently, he is preparing interests vary widely. He is also the recipient of author of several publications on comparative issue an essay for publication on the Marinid dynastic several awards including the Zappia and Sol philosophy including “Colour and the Mystic funerary precinct in the fortifications of the Encel Awards for best BA Honours thesis and Quest,” in And Diverse Are Their Hues: Colour 8 Chella on the outskirts of Rabat, Morocco. His performance, the Commissioner Hoffman and In Islamic Art and Culture, ed. Sheila Blair and akpia aktc paper on the visuality of the Great Mosque International Scholarship Awards for Masters Jonathan Bloom (New Haven: Yale University 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE of Córdoba in relation to its imagining by the of Urban Design & History of Architecture, and Press, 2011). preeminent Urdu poet Iqbal was published in the Commonwealth Scholarship for Masters in the Annual of Urdu Studies (2011). Philosophy at Cambridge. He recently held the Commonwealth PhD Bursary Scholarship and Broadly, Riyaz’s research interests encompass the Golden Web Foundation PhD Scholarship. art and architectural expressions emerging His interests range from Islamic mysticism out of composite cultural interactions in the (Sufism) to the history of art and architecture, western Mediterranean rim, translation of anthropology, philosophy (Plato and Heidegger, visual sensibilities through trade and travel, and in particular), with a special focus on the visual representation and literary practices in imagination. Islamicate and Indo-Persian traditions. Since 2005 he has been going on the Grand Tour to Italy, following in the footsteps of the English Grand Tourists of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, visiting, living in, and writing about the hilltop towns and villages they visited. He hopes to publish a book about his travels through Italy at some point. In the meantime, 42 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

˙Ipek Türeli

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA ˙Ipek Türeli’s research and teaching focus on visual culture, comparative urbanism, and architectural history. She is an Assistant Professor of Architecture at McGill University. While in residence at AKPIA@MIT during Fall 2011, she worked toward the completion of her book manuscript, “Istanbul, Open City: Exhibiting Anxieties of Urban Modernity.” Previously, ˙Ipek issue was a Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow in History 8 of Art and Architecture at Brown University. akpia She received her PhD in Architecture at UC aktc Berkeley. Her work was awarded the Regents 2011-2012 THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Fellowship at UC Berkeley, as well as external grants by the Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts, and the Middle East Research Competition. Prior to her doctoral studies, she obtained her professional degrees in architecture from the Architectural Association in London and Istanbul Technical University, and has experience in architectural practice in Turkey and the UK. She has taught architectural design studio courses at Middle East Technical University in Ankara and at Berkeley, and architectural and urban history and theory courses at Berkeley and Brown. She is the co- editor of Orienting Istanbul: Cultural Capital of Europe?, a book that explores how processes of creative production and exhibition are intertwined with neoliberal urban restructuring. 43 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2011–2012 PhD Students

Azra Dawood Mohamad A. Chakaki Christian Hedrick

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Azra Dawood is a first-year PhD student. She Mohamad A. Chakaki is a third-year PhD Christian is a PhD candidate and architect. He previously graduated from AKPIA’s SMArchS student, with research interests in environment- was awarded the Deutscher Akademischer program in 2010. In the intervening year, she society relations in the Middle East. His current Austausch Dienst (DAAD) Research Fellowship was the SOM Foundation’s Travel and Research research explores how the pace and scale of and will be spending the spring of 2012 at Fellow and spent the past year researching inter- urbanization in Persian Gulf states like Qatar the Technische Universität Berlin. There he War architectural and archaeological projects and the UAE shape contemporary Gulf societies. will be engaged primarily in archival research that were funded by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. This research focuses on the built environment pertaining to his dissertation, provisionally of higher education, or the connections and titled “German Architects and the Encounter issue Her research interests lie in the aesthetic and disconnections between large campus projects with Egypt (1842–1914).” His work utilizes the techno-scientific visualization of political and their urban context in cities like Doha, material generated by these architects in order 8 change. Currently, she is focusing on the United Abu Dhabi and Sharjah. It asks how the built to contextualize their experience with Egypt akpia aktc States’ inter-War political engagement with environment influences not only higher or and Islamic architecture. His research subjects 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Europe and the Near East, and the country’s professional learning in fields like design and range from the historiography of architecture in use of cultural and scientific projects to planning, but also social or public learning in the nineteenth century to architecture’s formal position itself as a “civilizational heir” to both these cities and societies. and artistic expressions, as well as its cultural modern Europe and the ancient Near East. implications both in Germany and Egypt. He In her work, Azra explores the implications of Mohamad holds a master’s degree with a focus spent the Fall 2011 semester as a visiting lecturer such ideological and political contestations on on urban ecology and environmental design at MIT for the course “Religious Architecture and architecture, science, and technology. from Yale University, and undergraduate degrees Islamic Cultures.” in religion and biology from George Washington Azra previously worked as an architect in New University. Christian received his Master of Architecture York, Austin, and Karachi for almost ten years, from the University of Michigan and Bachelor of and she has a Bachelor of Architecture from the He is also a Senior Fellow of the Environmental Arts in History from John Carroll University. University of Texas at Austin. Leadership Program, and a faculty member with the Center for Whole Communities.

44 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Anneka Lenssen Yavuz Sezer

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Anneka Lenssen is a sixth-year PhD student. In Yavuz has a BA degree from the History research in the summer of 2010 and wrote a December 2011, she completed an International Department of Bog˘aziçi University in Istanbul tentative paper in the fall of 2010. Dissertation Research Fellowship from the (2002). He received his MA degree from the Social Science Research Council, which took same department (2005), where he worked as a His areas of interest are the social history of art, her to archival sites in Cairo, Damascus, Paris, teaching assistant between 2003 and 2005. His history of ideas, historiography of architecture and Rome. The remainder of the 2011–2012 thesis was about how the interest in traditional and art, and history of urban planning. academic year will be spent continuing work Ottoman domestic architecture appeared in the on her dissertation, “The Shape of the Support: media of architectural historiography, theater, issue Painting in Syria’s Twentieth Century,” a study and painting in early twentieth-century Turkey. of the painters, painting, and new institutional He worked as an instructor of modern Turkish 8 forms that emerged in Syria after the Second history at Koç University in Istanbul in 2007–08. akpia aktc World War. Anneka also continues her service as Having completed his coursework at MIT-HTC- 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE an officer for AMCA (the Association for Modern AKPIA, he is currently working on his general and Contemporary Art of the Arab World, Iran, exams: a syllabus for the class “Art and Ideas and Turkey) and is currently involved in planning in the European Eighteenth Century” (with the AMCA conference “The Longevity of Rupture: Dr. Kristel Smentek); and a written exam 1967 in Art and Its Histories,” to be held in June on “Nineteenth-Century Historiography at Darat al Funun in Amman, Jordan. of Architecture and Art” (with Prof. Mark Jarzombek).

Another current project he is working on is an evaluation of the written account of an 1895 Ottoman expedition in Africa (published in 1898) and its visual components. This is going to be his “qualifying paper.” His dissertation subject, agreed upon by his advisor Prof. Nasser Rabbat and himself, is “Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Library Movement: Architecture, Reading, and the Politics of Knowledge.” For this he did 45 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 2011–2012 SMArchS Students

Jenine Kotob Prassanna Raman Hanna Rutkouskaya

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Jenine is currently pursuing a SMarchS Prassanna is interested in the intersection of Hanna Rutkouskaya is a second-year Master’s degree in the Aga Khan Program for Islamic architecture, urban planning, and conflict. She degree student in the AKPIA program at MIT. Architecture at MIT. She completed her BArch is currently writing her master’s thesis on the She is currently working on her thesis titled at Virginia Tech University in 2010. She currently definition of urban resilience in Karachi. “Redefining Heritage in Bukhara: The Narrative works as an architectural intern at Dewberry, of Uzbek National Consciousness as Envisioned focusing on public and institutional projects by the Multiethnic Soviet State.” Supported by in Boston. Jenine was born in Maryland, lives an MIT AKPIA travel grant, last summer she went in Virginia, and was raised by her Palestinian to Bukhara, Uzbekistan, where she examined issue mother and Egyptian father. Her interests lie how Bukhara’s historical monuments and their in the fabrication of identity through the built preservation during the Soviet time informed 8 environment, and the meeting of different the present appearance and identity of the city. akpia aktc identities in areas of conflict throughout the 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE Islamic world. She currently sits on the board of directors for a new non-profit organization, The Red Truck Foundation, which seeks to provide emergency care vehicles to rural areas in the developing world. During the 2012 IAP session, Jenine will be traveling to four Middle Eastern countries (Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, and the UAE) through the Campus Admissions Arab Mentorship Program at MIT.

46 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Farrah Sabouni Layla Karim Shaikley Summer Sutton

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA Farrah is currently a first-year SMArchS student Layla Karim Shaikley holds a Bachelors of Arts in Summer Sutton is currently a second-year in the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture Political Science from the University of California SMarchS AKPIA student at MIT, and in 2009 she at MIT. She is interested in integrating the future Irvine, as well as a MArch from Cal Poly. Layla’s received a BArch from Cornell University. Her with the past in areas in the Middle East/North interests include post-conflict redevelopment current research focuses on architectural and Africa Region that do not want to tear down in Iraq and the design issues that surround urban conservation in Fez, Morocco, in the midst their history, but rather wish to preserve their appropriate design language in the region today. of a growing tourist industry. culture and traditions while still being able to compete as modern cities. Farrah is currently Summer has previously worked in the Historic issue combining a curriculum centered on the history Building and Preservation Unit in the Sharjah of Islamic architecture, urban design and Municipality in the United Arab Emirates in 8 planning, and real estate development with her addition to working as a Visiting Assistant akpia aktc background in architecture and experience in Professor of Architecture at Texas Tech University 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE sustainability as a LEED AP BD+C. in 2010. Since then she has lectured at numerous conferences and universities around the world, speaking about architectural development in the United Arab Emirates.

Summer is the Founder and Director of ARCH Technology, a non-profit organization aimed at helping to restore and renovate private property in areas of architectural, urban, and social instability.

47 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Staff | Aga Khan Documentation Center

Sharon C. Smith Andrea Schuler

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA In August 2011, Sharon C. Smith was named as urban space during the late 15th century in Andrea serves as the Aga Khan Visual Archivist Program Head for the Aga Khan Documentation Florence and Cairo. She continues to research in the Aga Khan Documentation Center at MIT. Center at MIT Libraries. Sharon came to MIT after material culture and urbanization in the She provides access to the Aga Khan Visual nearly eight years in the AKPIA Documentation cross-cultural realm of the Early Modern Archive for students, faculty, researchers, and Center at Harvard University, where she served Mediterranean. publishers. Ongoing digitization of the archive as Visual Materials Cataloger and, most recently, has made available images of sites around the as Visual Resources Librarian for Islamic Art and Islamic world via MIT’s digital image repository Architecture. At MIT, Sharon is responsible for DOME (http://dome.mit.edu). In FY2011, 7,000 issue creating, developing, and leading a full array of new digital images were added to the online services and programs in support of the faculty, collection, and a number of images from the 8 students, and researchers of the Aga Khan Documentation Center’s collections were akpia aktc Program for Islamic Architecture. Located within contributed to the SAHARA digital image archive. 2011-2012

THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE MIT’s School of Architecture and Planning, AKPIA MIT is focused on Islamic architecture, The Aga Khan Visual Archive is a rich resource urbanism, visual culture, and conservation. consisting of nearly 120,000 images of the Sharon also heads ArchNet’s current Digital Islamic world donated by scholars, architectural Library while overseeing the development firms, and graduate students. The collection and implementation of the Digital Library for spans thirty years and documents significant ArchNet 2.0. changes in the cultural and political landscape of many regions; it documents many monuments, Sharon holds a BA (summa cum laude) and sites, and cities that one cannot find in MA in art history. She received her PhD published works or that have deteriorated or from the Graduate Program for History been destroyed. and Theory of Art and Architecture at Binghamton University. Her dissertation, Andrea has a BA in history from Boston College “Planned Grandeur: A Commensurate Study and a MLIS from Simmons College. of Urban Expansion in Early Modern Italy and Mamluk Egypt,” explored a similar trajectory in two different cultural milieus through an examination of the conscious redefinition of 48 AGA KHAN PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

José Luis Argüello

AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA José Luis has been working at AKPIA@MIT since October of 2000. He is responsible for administrative and graphics-related tasks, including the AKPIA@MIT website.

He enjoys playing the piano, and, like last year, continues work on pieces by Liszt, including his Sonata, his characteristic pieces on the issue Villa d’Este, and selections from the Harmonies 8 poétiques et religieuses. akpia aktc 2011-2012 THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE

49 ARCHNET

In January 2012, the Aga Khan Documentation Center at MIT became responsible for the curation of the Archnet Digital Library, the intellectual and content core of Archnet, an international online community for AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE & ARCHITECTURE ISLAMIC FOR PROGRAM KHAN AGA architects, planners, urban designers, landscape architects, conservationists, and scholars, with a focus on Muslim cultures and civilizations. Over the past ten years, Archnet Andrea Schuler has worked to provide digital access to the collections of the Aga Khan Trust for Culture in Geneva, Switzerland, and the Aga Khan

issue Documentation Centers at MIT and Harvard, resulting in a growing library of over 79,000 8 images and 6,000 publications. akpia aktc 2011-2012 Currently, Archnet is being redesigned to THE AGA KHAN TRUST FOR CULTURE FOR TRUST KHAN AGA THE take advantage of advances in hardware and software technology, building on lessons Dr. Sharon C. Smith learned over the past nine years, to enhance access to the rich resources in the Digital Library. The new Archnet, being developed in 2013, is a collaboration between the Aga Khan Trust for Culture and the Aga Khan Documentation Center at MIT Libraries. Together, these institutions share an integral education mission to generate and disseminate knowledge and resources; provide fora for debate and discussion; showcase best practices and lessons learned; and, present Muslim visual and material culture with historic, cultural, and geographic specificity.

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