Baptist Heritage Summer 2017 Internet Theological and Historical Studies Division
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The Origin, Theology, Transmission, and Recurrent Impact of Landmarkism in the Southern Baptist Convention (1850-2012)
THE ORIGIN, THEOLOGY, TRANSMISSION, AND RECURRENT IMPACT OF LANDMARKISM IN THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION (1850-2012) by JAMES HOYLE MAPLES submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF THEOLOGY in the subject CHURCH HISTORY at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA Supervisor: PROF M. H. MOGASHOA March 2014 © University of South Africa ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH DOCTORAL PROJECT UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA Title: THE ORIGIN, THEOLOGY, TRANSMISSION, AND RECURRENT IMPACT OF LANDMARKISM IN THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION (1850-2012) Name of researcher: James Hoyle Maples Promoter: M. H. Mogashoa, Ph.D. Date Completed: March 2014 Landmarkism was a sectarian view of Baptist church history and practice. It arose in the mid-eighteenth century and was a dominant force in the first half-century of the life of the Southern Baptist Convention, America’s largest Protestant denomination. J. R. Graves was its chief architect, promoter, and apologist. He initiated or helped propagate controversies which shaped Southern Baptist life and practice. His influence spread Landmarkism throughout the Southern Baptist Convention through religious periodicals, books, and educational materials. Key Landmark figures in the seminaries and churches also promoted these views. After over fifty years of significant impact the influence of Landmarkism seemed to diminish eventually fading from sight. Many observers of Southern Baptist life relegated it to a movement of historical interest but no current impact. In an effort to examine this assumption, research was conducted which explored certain theological positions of Graves, other Landmarkers, and sects claimed as the true church by the promoters of Baptist church succession. -
The Marks of a True Church Jackson Lawson Bi
The Nature of the Distinction between the Universal and Local Church in the NT: The Marks of a True Church Jackson Lawson Bi 480 Biblical Studies Seminar April 23, 2019 1 Introduction Although many have used the term “true church,” there has been confusion and disagreement over what is required to have a legitimate NT church. Particularly, there is disagreement over whether discipline as a mark of the church is a mark of a true church or simply a mark of a healthy church (or more biblical church). Rolland McCune states that, “Bible- believing Christians would probably agree on all three” marks that followed the reformation (the third being discipline).1 Albert Mohler Jr., in his journal article titled, “Church Discipline: The Missing Mark,” asserts that, “Evangelicals have long recognized discipline as the ‘third mark’ of the authentic church,” citing the Belgic Confession (1561), that includes discipline as a mark of the true church.2 In the end of his article, Mohler quotes John Leadley Dagg as saying, “It has been remarked, that when discipline leaves a church, Christ goes with it.” Mohler follows this quote by saying, “If so, and I fear it is so, Christ has abandoned many churches who are blissfully unaware of His departure.”3 And yet, as we shall see, John Hammett4 and Mark Dever5 disagree: the mark of discipline is not necessarily required in order for there to be a true church. Does Mohler (as well as McCune) confuse what is required for there to be a true church with what is required for a healthy church? Or are Hammett and Dever wrong? I will establish that they both agree in principle. -
James Madison Pendleton
SELECTED WRITINGS OF JAMES MADISON PENDLETON VOLUME I Historical and Autobiographical JAMES MADISON PENDLETON (1811-1891) SELECTED WRITINGS OF JAMES MADISON PENDLETON IN THREE VOLUMES k Volume I k Historical and Autobiographical • James Madison Pendleton and His Contribution to Baptist Ecclesiology • Reminiscences of a Long Life • The Funeral of Dr. J. M. Pendleton k COMPILED AND EDITED BY THOMAS WHITE Printed in 2006 by THE BAPTIST STANDARD BEARER, INC. No. 1 Iron Oaks Drive Paris, Arkansas 72855 (479) 963-3831 THE WALDENSIAN EMBLEM lux lucet in tenebris “The Light Shineth in the Darkness” ISBN# 1579780466 SELECTED WRITINGS OF JAMES MADISON PENDLETON IN THREE VOLUMES VOLUME ONE — HISTORICAL AND AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL • James Madison Pendleton and His Contribution to Baptist Ecclesiology by THOMAS WHITE • Reminiscences of a Long Life by JAMES MADISON PENDLETON • Article on the Death of J. M. Pendleton by M. M. RILEY VOLUME TWO — ECCLESIASTICAL • Selected Writings on Various Aspects of the New Testament Church by JAMES MADISON PENDLETON VOLUME THREE — THEOLOGICAL • Selected Writings on Various Topics of Theology by JAMES MADISON PENDLETON v TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME I Historical and Autobiographical k PAGE Acknowledgements . ix Introduction . xi James Madison Pendleton and His Contribution to Baptist Ecclesiology . 1 by Thomas White Reminiscences of a Long Life . 279 by James Madison Pendleton The Funeral of Dr. J. M. Pendleton . 443 by M. M. Riley vii k ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS —————— must extend a thank you to those who made this process I possible. First, I would like to thank Bill Lee and his associates at the Baptist Standard Bearer who agreed to publish this project. -
Baptist Successionism
The Journal of Baptist Studies 3 (2009): 3-15. THE SUCCESSIONISM VIEW OF BAPTIST HISTORY * James R. Duvall Introduction When Clarence Walker began publishing The Trail of Blood in 1931, neither he nor J. M. Carroll, the author, could have imagined the impact the booklet would have on Baptists in the United States and around the world. The first thousand copies had been sold quickly by another publisher and sales continued steadily from Ashland Avenue Baptist Church in Lexington, KY. Today there have been nearly three million copies sold. The booklet has been enlarged by the present publisher,1 and it has been translated into several other languages: Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Russian and possibly others. It is now on the Internet in at least three languages. The Trail of Blood describes in a brief outline form what successionist historians had written for nearly two centuries. They believed there had been a succession of churches that held the basic doctrines of Baptists, and they were not associated in any way with the Roman Catholic institution. The Trail of Blood does not claim to be a complete history as such, but what might be called a “Baptist Manifesto.” It was written in such a way that pastors and teachers could present a thumbnail sketch of their Baptist ancestors. Carroll's idea was so successful that several authors have used a similar format, 2 while other authors have spent a lot of ink seeking to counter these lessons. 3 W. *Thanks to my son, James Kenneth, for assistance in research and preparation of this essay. -
The Reformation in Columbia Sionaries La- MINTS - Rev
“‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice.’ For I came not to call the righteous, but sinners.” Matt. 9:13 MAY 2017 Reformed mis- The Reformation in Columbia sionaries la- MINTS - Rev. Neal and Sandy Hegeman bored with faith missions, such as Wycliffe Bi- As an international URCNA missionary, I visit at least ble Translators, 9 -10 countries a year in order to teach the Bible, Reformed Latin Ameri- doctrine, ministry skills, and encourage students and teach- can Missions, ers to write courses. I have been visiting Columbia since 1999. New Tribes and In 2002, when we first started MINTS in Columbia, I could not others work- make it out of the airport in Bogota due to civil unrest in the ing with indig- streets and I had to fly to the next country. I returned three enous peoples, months later to start the first MINTS study center in Villavicen- but most of cio with the Iglesia Betania de la Reforma. Since 2002, we have these works become general evangelical churches with a bap- worked with six denominations and graduated more than 450 tistic and charismatic emphasis, on one hand, or hard-core students in our theological training program. There are three revolutionary liberation theology on the other. I only know of doctoral candidates who have written more than 15 books and one Reformed or Presbyterian church that came out of the our master level students have completed 24 Bible commen- Faith Mission approach in Colombia and that was with the taries as well as other thesis materials. MINTS has helped Re- Kubeo Indians and Iglesia Betania de la Reforma. -
PROGRESSIVE COVENANTALISTS AS REFORMED BAPTISTS Daniel Scheiderer
WTJ 82 (2020): 137–52 PROGRESSIVE COVENANTALISTS AS REFORMED BAPTISTS Daniel Scheiderer At least three new systems of covenant theology have arisen in Calvinistic Baptist circles in recent decades: new covenant theology, progressive covenantalism, and 1689 Federalism (Reformed Baptists). Each group has its own proponents and its own circles of influence, but churches impacted by each proposal are generally familiar to one another. Because progressive covenantalists initially described themselves as a subset of new covenant theology, arguments against new covenant theology were often simply co-opted for use against progressive covenantalists. This article aims to demonstrate that progressive covenantalists have significant points of continuity with their Reformed Baptist brothers that facilitate mutual benefit between the two camps. To demonstrate this continuity, the cov- enants of works and grace and the new covenant are examined in the two systems alongside their Particular Baptist forefathers to show that all three groups operate with a basically continuous infrastructure. The benefit of such a study is that it distinguishes the progressive covenantal proposal from the proposal of new covenant theology while avoiding simplistic read- ings that deny the real differences between progressive covenantalists and Reformed Baptists. The study does not deny the real tension that exists in progressive covenantalists’ reinterpretation of the fourth commandment, but it sets aside that debate so that points of clear commonalities may be seen for what they are. Too often conversations about covenant theology have passed one another, and so this article aims to initiate a conversation between two groups that ought to be the nearest allies. “ rogressive covenantalism” broke onto the scene in 2012 with Peter Gentry and Stephen Wellum’s book Kingdom through Covenant. -
Reformed Baptists Progress in Colombia by Gordon Taylor “It’S Your Fault!” Said Manuel Cendales
Winter 2014 Reformed Baptists progress in Colombia By Gordon Taylor “It’s your fault!” said Manuel Cendales. He was referring to the influence and teaching of Stan Line. Manuel, now committed to our 1689 Confession, used to be, by his own testimony, an extreme Pentecostal minister. Stan, who has labored for 50 years in Colombia, faithfully distributed Reformed literature to evangelical pastors over the years. In the case of Manuel it resulted in turning his ministry around. Now Manuel leads his church into the great truths of the The La Alborada congregation meets in Bogotá, Colombia. Christian faith. Manuel is but one example of these cities have thriving, growing of the way the Lord has worked in pastors’ and confessionally committed Reformed lives through Stan Line. Baptist churches. What I want to do in I had the privilege of interviewing this article is to introduce you briefly to the 13 pastors in two of0 the major cities of men of Bogotá, then describe the work in Colombia, Bogotá and Medellín. Bogotá, Medellín and finally describe a publishing Pastors from left, Christian Achuri, Stan the capital, has a population of almost effort for good literature in Spanish. Line and Manuel Cendales, with Gordon 8.5 million. Medellín, the second largest But before I do all of that let’s consider Taylor. city in Colombia, has 3.6 million. Both See Colombia, page 14 Inside: Lessons in sending IRBS influence in Great Britain. School of Missions report. a foreign missionary. PAGE 3 PAGE 4 PAGE 13 ARBCA Update n ARBCA Update Vol. -
Why We Are Not Reformed Baptists
Why We Are Not Reformed Baptists “For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock. Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them. Therefore watch, and remember, that by the space of three years I ceased not to warn every one night and day with tears.” Acts 20:29-31 Introduction: 1. Having some things in common with Reformed Baptists, especially the preaching of the sovereignty of God in salvation, we are sometimes confused with them by those lacking proper knowledge. 2. Having recently been marked as heretics by some Reformed Baptists, let us identify our differences. 3. We pursued a similar study back in 1986 identifying our differences from the Primitive Baptists. 4. It is our holy and solemn duty to identify heresy and name names to protect the church of Jesus Christ and the people of God from false doctrine, teachers, and churches (Matt 16:12; Rom 16:17- 18; Gal 1:6-9; II Thess 2:15; 3:6,14; I Tim 1:19-20; II Tim 2:16-18; Titus 1:9-14; 3:10-11; Jude 1:3). 5. The New Testament’s warnings about heresy often do not intend idolatry, paganism, or devil worship – but rather a compromised gospel involving another Jesus, spirit, and gospel, for a mixture of truth and error is harder to detect and defend against, like a counterfeit bill similar to the original. 6. Whether Reformed Baptists or any others approve of us or not does not matter to us (Acts 24:14). -
Baptists in America LIVE Streaming Many Baptists Have Preferred to Be Baptized in “Living Waters” Flowing in a River Or Stream On/ El S
CHRISTIAN HISTORY Issue 126 Baptists in America Did you know? you Did AND CLI FOUNDING SCHOOLS,JOININGTHEAR Baptists “churchingthe MB “se-Baptist” (self-Baptist). “There is good warrant for (self-Baptist). “se-Baptist” manyfession Their shortened but of that Faith,” to described his group as “Christians Baptized on Pro so baptized he himself Smyth and his in followers 1609. dam convinced him baptism, the of need believer’s for established Anglican Mennonites Church). in Amster wanted(“Separatists” be to independent England’s of can became priest, aSeparatist in pastor Holland BaptistEarly founder John Smyth, originally an Angli SELF-SERVE BAPTISM ING TREES M selves,” M Y, - - - followers eventuallyfollowers did join the Mennonite Church. him as aMennonite. They refused, though his some of issue and asked the local Mennonite church baptize to rethought later He baptism the themselves.” put upon two men singly“For are church; no two so may men a manchurching himself,” Smyth wrote his about act. would later later would cated because his of Baptist beliefs. Ironically Brown Dunster had been fired and in his 1654 house confis In fact HarvardLeague Henry president College today. nial schools,which mostof are members the of Ivy Baptists often were barred from attending other colo Baptist oldest college1764—the in the United States. helped graduates found to Its Brown University in still it exists Bristol, England,founded at in today. 1679; The first Baptist college, Bristol Baptist was College, IVY-COVERED WALLSOFSEPARATION LIVE “E discharged -
Puritan and New Covenant Baptists: Co-Defenders of the Decalogue by Martin Rizley
Puritan and New Covenant Baptists: Co-Defenders of the Decalogue by Martin Rizley I want to speak to you this evening about an issue that has been a matter of ongoing interest and concern to me for a number of years. That issue concerns the Christian's relationship to the Law of God, and in particular, to the Decalogue or Ten Commandments as a revelation of the moral will of God. As you well know, for some time now, there has been a rather heated controversy among Reformed or Calvinistic Baptists concerning the role of the Decalogue in Christian teaching and ethical instruction. That controversy arose in the early 1980's as a number of Calvinistic Baptists who had discovered the riches of Reformed theology began to question certain aspects of that theology as it had developed in the seventeenth century through the English Puritans. Three things in particular were questioned: (1) the idea of one overarching "covenant of grace" governing all of God's covenantal dealings with man from the fall of Adam through the whole of redemptive history; (2) the strict identification of God's unchanging moral law with the Ten Words spoken by God at Mt. Sinai; and (3) the strict "sabbatarian" view of Sunday which was developed by the English Puritans and enshrined confessionally for Baptists in the Second London Confession of 1689. As some Calvinistic Baptists began to question these three tenets of historic Puritan theology, a rift developed between those who held strictly to the Puritan view of the Law and those who dissented from the Puritan view. -
Colombia: 1629-1996
A CHRONOLOGY OF PROTESTANT BEGINNINGS IN COLOMBIA: 1629-1996 By Clifton L. Holland, Director of PROLADES (Last revised on 15 October 2009) Historical Overview of Colombia: Spain conquered northern South America, later called New Granada: 1536-1539 First Roman Catholic diocese established: 1534 Independence from Spain declared: 1819 Gen. Simón Bolivar liberated New Granada (included the modern countries of Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador) from Spain: 1819 The Federation of Gran Colombia formed: 1822 Ecuador and Venezuela become independent republics: 1829-1830 Republic of New Granada (included the Province of Panamá) established: 1830 New Granada renamed Colombia: 1863 Religious Liberty granted: 1886 Concordats with Rome established: 1887, 1974 War of a Thousand Days fought: 1899-1901 Republic of Panama becomes independent of Colombia: 1903 Religious/civil war La Violencia : 1948-1958 Number of North American Protestant Mission Agencies in 1989: 92 Number of North American Protestant Mission Agencies in 1996: 70 Indicates European Mission Society or Service Agency * Significant Protestant Beginnings: 1629 - *Puritan colonists settle on San Andrés and Providencia islands (Caribbean Sea) under British rule until 1783 (Treaty of Versailles), when the islands reverted to Spanish control. 1824 - *British and Foreign Bible Society (BFBS) colporteur James Thomson established a short-lived Colombian Bible Society. 1837 - *BFBS office established in Cartagena (1837-1838). 1844 – Baptists from the U.S. Southern states arrive in San Andrés-Providencia islands and establish Baptist churches among the Creole population. 1853 - *Two Swiss evangelicals visited Bogotá, taught Bible studies and distributed New Testaments. 1855 - The Rev. Ramón Montsalvatge began evangelical work in Cartagena (1855- 1867). 1856 - *BFBS agency was established in Bogotá, A. -
Code Description Start Date End Date A1 Protestant Episcopal Church
Faith and Belief Codes as of 7/21/2017 Code Description Start Date End Date A1 Protestant Episcopal Church 20170331 A2 Independent Baptist Bible Mission 20170331 A3 Baptist Bible Fellowship 20170331 A4 Ohio Yearly Meeting of Friends 20170331 A5 Kansas Yearly Meeting of Friends 20170331 A6 Anglican Orthodox Church 20170331 A7 Messianic 20170331 AC Advent Christian Church AD Eckankar 20170331 AH Heathen 20170331 AJ Jehovah’s Witnesses AK Korean Evangelical Church of America 20170331 AM Christian Crusade 20170331 AN Native American AO Brethren In Christ Fellowship 20170331 AR American Baptist Convention 20170331 AS Seventh Day Adventists AT Baptist General Conference 20170331 AV Adventist Churches AX Bible Presbyterian Church 20170331 AY Church of The Spiral Tree 20170331 B1 Southern Methodist Church 20170331 B2 Reformed Churches 20170331 B3 Grace Gospel Fellowship 20170331 B4 American Baptist Association 20170331 B5 Congregational Methodist Church 20170331 B6 Conservative Baptist Association of America 20170331 B7 General Conference of the Swedenborgian Church 20170331 B9 Association of Free Lutheran Congregations 20170331 BA American Baptist Churches In USA BB Baptist Churches BC Southern Baptist Convention BE Armenian Apostolic 20170331 BF Free Will Baptist Churches, Other BG General Association of General Baptists BH Fundamental Methodist Church Inc. 20170331 BI United Presbyterian Church In The USA 20170331 BN National Baptist Convention of America BP Progressive National Baptist Convention BR General Association of Regular Baptist