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La Conservazione Dell'arte Egiziana Direzione Generale per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro SUPREME COUNCIL OF ANTIQUITIES Ministero degli Affari Esteri © Ministero Affari Esteri Proprietà letteraria riservata Direzione Generale per la Cooperazione Italiana allo Sviluppo per testi e immagini Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro Ministero Beni Attività Culturali Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro Via di San Michele, 23 – 00157 Roma In collaborazione con il Supreme Council of Antiquities, Il Cairo LA CONSERVAZIONE DELL’ARTE EGIZIANA Percorsi di formazione per il restauro delle collezioni del Museo Egizio del Cairo a cura di Donatella Cavezzali Il volume è stato realizzato nell’ambito del programma della Cooperazione Italiana “Riqualificazione del si- stema museale egiziano” finanziato dal Ministero degli Affari Esteri nel quadro della Convenzione tra la Di- rezione Generale per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo e il Segretariato Generale del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali La componente del programma riguardante la “Formazione per la conservazione e il restauro delle collezioni del Museo Egizio del Cairo” è stato affidata all’Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro (ISCR) che ha progettato, diretto e realizzato l’attuazione dei corsi. Nell’ambito del programma di formazione diretto dall’ISCR il corso di “Gestione e conservazione preven- tiva delle biblioteche” è stato realizzato dall’Istituto Centrale per la Conservazione ed il Restauro del Patri- monio Archivistico e Librario presso la Biblioteca Storica del Museo Egizio del Cairo Progetto editoriale e stampa GANGEMI EDITORE Tutti i diritti sono riservati ISBN… Copyright progetto Cooperazione Italiana Copyright testi e immagini ISCR – Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro Stampato in Italia Tutte le immagini, salvo diversamente indicato, sono di proprietà dell’Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro © Proprietà letteraria riservata Gangemi Editore spa Piazza San Pantaleo 4, Roma www.gangemieditore.it Nessuna parte di questa pubblicazione può essere memorizzata, fotocopiata o comunque riprodotta senza le dovute autorizzazioni. ISBN 978-88-492-2258-6 In copertina: La conservazione dell’arte egiziana Percorsi di formazione per il restauro delle collezioni del Museo Egizio del Cairo a cura di Donatella Cavezzali INDICE Presentazioni Claudio Pacifico Ambasciatore d’Italia in Egitto Zahi Hawass Segretario Generale del Consiglio Supremo delle Antichità Egiziane Roberto Cecchi Segretario Generale del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali Elisabetta Belloni Direttore Generale per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo Giuseppe Proietti ex Segretario Generale del Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali Gisella Capponi Direttore dell’Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro Caterina Bon Valsassina ex Direttore dell’Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro Ginevra Letizia Direttore Unità Tecnica Locale del Cairo, Cooperazione italiana Waafa El Saddik ex Direttore Generale del Museo Egizio Introduzione Donatella Cavezzali Responsabile del progetto, Istituto Superiore per la Conservazione ed il Restauro I PARTE – LE ATTIVITÀ DI FORMAZIONE I CORSI DI CONSERVAZIONE E RESTAURO La conservazione delle collezioni del Museo Egizio del Cairo: un percorso di conoscenza e formazione Donatella Cavezzali MUSEOLOGIA E CONSERVAZIONE PREVENTIVA Storia delle collezioni del Museo Egizio del Cairo Rosanna Pirelli Inventariazione e catalogazione del patrimonio mussale Marco Lattanzi La catalogazione delle collezioni mussali Cinthia Macrì Elementi di conservazione preventiva nei musei: i monitoraggi ambientali Elisabetta Giani, Annamaria Giovagnoli La legislazione per la tutela del patrimonio culturale in Egitto Salim Mohamed Abdel Monsif CONSERVAZIONE E CONOSCENZA: LA DOCUMENTAZIONE E LE INDAGINI SCIENTIFICHE Lo studio dello stato di conservazione attraverso le indagini scientifiche non distruttive Ernesto Borrelli L’applicazione delle indagini non distruttive sui reperti lignei e lapidei Ernesto Borrelli, Davide Bussolari, Maurizio Coladonato, Giancarlo Sidoti Il colore nell’antico Egitto: contributi archeometrici e problemi di conservazione Maurizio Mariottini, Giuseppina Vigliano La documentazione delle opere: strumenti e metodi Stefano D’Amico, Angelo Rubino La scansione laser ottica delle statue egizie Angelo Rubino TEORIA E PRATICA DEL RESTAURO Organizzazione e metodologia dell’insegnamento del restauro: l’esperienza diretta e le “schede di laboratorio” Donatella Cavezzali, Marisol Valenzuela, Antonella Basile, Paola Donati IL RESTAURO DELLE OPERE IN MATERIALE LIGNEO Le opere lignee oggetto di studio inserite nella didattica: criteri di scelta ed esercitazioni Kristine Doneux, Roberto Saccuman, Marisol Valenzuela Gli interventi di conservazione e restauro realizzati su alcune opere del Museo Egizio del Cairo Kristine Doneux, Costanza Longo, Roberto Saccuman, Marisol Valenzuela L’intervento conservativo della Porta lignea proveniente dalla mastaba di Kaemheset a Saqqara (V Dinastia): il progetto, il restauro, l’allestimento Donatella Cavezzali, Roberto Saccuman, Marisol Valenzuela Lo studio dello stato di conservazione dei manufatti lignei: le indagini scientifiche Domenico Artioli, Luigi Arceri, Davide Bussolari, Gianfranco Priori, Giancarlo Sidoti Nuovi metodi di pulitura applicati su opere lignee policrome del museo del Cairo Ermino Signorini IL RESTAURO DELLE OPERE IN MATERIALE LAPIDEO Gli interventi di restauro realizzati sulle opere lapidee del Museo Egizio Antonella Basile, Barbara Brillarelli, Carlo Giantomassi, Nikolas Vakalis, Donatella Zari La tecnica di esecuzione della scultura lapidea policroma egiziana: La Stele di Amarna, un caso di studio Antonella Basile, Davide Bussolari Il degrado dei materiali lapidei Maurizio Mariottini, Giuseppina Vigliano Il dipinto ad affresco staccato raffigurante “Il mito di Edipo” (nº inv. 6247) un caso di studio Carlo Giantomassi, Nikolas Vakalis, Donatella Zari IL RESTAURO DELLE OPERE IN METALLO La conservazione dei manufatti in bronzo Paola Donati Gli interventi di restauro realizzati sulle opere in bronzo del Museo Egizio del Cairo Paola Donati, Elisabeth Huber, Cristina Passeri, Elisabetta Prunas Restauro e conservazione dei manufatti in metalli preziosi Ines Maria Marcelli LA GESTIONE E CONSERVAZIONE PREVENTIVA DEI MATERIALI LIBRARI A cura dell’Istituto Centrale per il Restauro e la Conservazione del Patrimonio Archivistico e Librario Le biblioteche specializzate: definizione, gestione delle collezioni, servizi Rita Carrarini La catalogazione: evoluzione della teoria e degli standard Cinzia Pacilli La conservazione di libri e documenti: aspetti teorici e pratici Assunta Di Febo, Paola F. Munafò La conservazione di libri e documenti: il laboratorio Marco Di Bella II PARTE – LE OPERE Rosanna Pirelli, documentazione storica Angelo Rubino, documentazione fotografica OPERE IN MATERIALE LIGNEO: DALLA TOMBA DI TUTANKHAMON (KV62), TEBE, NUOVO REGNO, XVIII DINASTIA: 1. Testa di Tutankhamon che emerge da un fiore di loto, legno dipinto (H 30 cm), dalla tomba KV 62, XVIII dinastia (JE 60723 – Sala 20) 2. Sgabello di Tutankhamon con decorazioni floreali sulla seduta, legno dorato e cuoio (H 56 cm, L. 41x46)), Tomba di Tutankhamon, XVIII dinastia (JE 62042 – magazzini del Museo) 3. Cassetta in forma di naos su slitta, legno dipinto (H 60 cm) Tomba di Tutankhamon, XVIII dinastia (JE 61487 – magazzini del Museo) RITRATTI DEL “FAYUM”, EPOCA ROMANA: 4. Ritratto funerario di due fratelli, pittura ad encausto su legno (61 cm), proveniente da Sheik Abadah (Antinoupolis), II sec. d.C. (JE 33567 – Sala 14) 5. Ritratto funerario di donna ornata da grandi orecchini e collana policroma, pittura ad encausto su legno (H 36 cm), Fayum, I-II sec. d.C. (CG 33256 – Sala 14) 6. Pannello proveniente dalla sovrastruttura della tomba di Hesire a Saqqara, legno (H 114 cm), III dinastia (JE 28504 – CG 1428 – Sala 43) 7. Coperchio del sarcofago esterno della Signora della Casa Shebyt, legno stuccato e dipinto (L. 184 cm) Tebe, XXI dinastia (CG 6028 – Sala 46) 8. Battente di porta con iscrizioni dalla mastaba di Kaemheset, legno (H. 260 cm) V dinastia (JE 47749 – Sala 31) 9. Statua che ritrae un uomo incedente appoggiato a lungo bastone, legno dipinto (H. 140 cm) Akhmim, VI dinastia (CG 220 – Sala 36) 10. Modello di barca funeraria, legno stuccato e dipinto (L 66, l 13, H. 7,8 cm), Saqqara, Medio Regno, (CG 4917 – Sala 32, I piano) 11. Statuina di una servitrice che porta una cesta sul capo, legno stuccato e dipinto (H 45 cm) VI dinastia, Saqqara (JE 88579 – Sala 32, I piano) OPERE IN MATERIALE LAPIDEO: 12. Testa di un colosso della regina Hatshepsut dal suo tempio a Deir el Bahari, calcare dipinto (H 61 cm) XVIII dinastia (JE 56259 A – Galleria 11) 13. Stele che ritrae Akhenaten con la famiglia reale mentre riceve i raggi vitali dall’Aten, calcare dipinto (H 44 cm), XVIII, Epoca amarniana (JE 44865 – Sala 3) 14. Statua raffigurante il faraone Sesostri I, proveniente dal tempio della sua piramide a el-Lisht, calcare, XII dinastia (JE 31145 – CG 420– Sala 22) 15. Statua seduta di Nenkhefetka ritratto con il figlio in piedi vicino a lui, calcare dipinto, Deshasha, V/VI dinastia (CG 649 – Sala 37) 16. Statua stelofora che ritrae il IV Sacerdote di Amon, Nakhtefmut, inginocchiato, alabastro, XXII dinastia (CG 42208 – Sala 24) 17. Gruppo statuario che ritrae l’Ispettore degli scribi Seqedkau con moglie e figlio, in calcare dipinto, Saqqara, V dinastia
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