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The Prince De Ligne. His Memoirs, Letters, and Miscellaneous Papers

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The Prince De Ligne. His Memoirs, Letters, and Miscellaneous Papers 1 I li... 7-1 ' 1, ',,;) ll 'I 7 I I .M.. '.;:,: • . , , M I ..1 ^^^ CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924088050046 f /' I'' fr^irj'r/tf ZZ THE PRINCE DE EIGNE. HIS MEMOIRS, LETTERS, AND MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS. SekcteU anB SCranslateB BY KATHARINE PRESCOTT WORMELEY. WITH INTRODUCTION AND PREFACE BY C.-A. SAINTE-BEUVE AND MADAME DE STAEL-HOLSTEIN. ILLUSTRATED WITH PORTRAITS FROM THE ORIGINAL. IN TWO VOLUMES. Vol. II. BOSTON HARDY, PRATT & COMPANY. 1902. Copyright, 1899, By Hardy, Pratt & Company. All rights reserved. ?Eti:betsitB IStess: John Wilson and Son, Cambridge, U. S. A. CONTENTS. Chapter Page I. 1786-1787. The Journey to the Crimea .... 1 n. 1786-1787. The Same, continued 23 ni. 1787-1788. The "War of Russia and Austria AGAINST Turkey 45 IV. 1788-1789. The Same, continued 71 V. 1789-1790. The Same, continued: The Siege op Belgrade 101 VI. 1790. Vienna : Joseph II. : Hainault 124 VII. 1790-1792. Belceil : The French Revolution : Casanova 148 VIII. 1735-1795. The Family History 173 IX. 1793-1800. "My Refuge" in Vienna: The Empress Catherine 202 X. 1800-1809. Last Years in Vienna 230 XI. 1814. The Congress op Vienna 261 Xn. Scattered Thoughts 293 Index 321 LIST OF PHOTOGRAVURE ILLUSTRATIONS. Cathekine II., Empkess op Russia Frontispiece By Lampi; in the Romanoff gallery; Winter Palace, St. Petersburg. Chapter Paoe II. Stanislas Poniatowski, King op Poland 26 By Mme. Vig^e-Lebrun ; in the Lonvre. IV. Pkince Potemkin 74 By Leritzkl; in the Imperial Library at St. Petersburg. V. Makechal Loudon (or Laudohn) 104 In the Imperial gallery, Vienna. VI. Belceil, Chateau and Moat 138 From a photograph given by the Prince de Ligne. VII. The Comte d'Aktois, Charles X 150 School of the XVIIIth century; in the Louvre. VIII. The Princbsse Hel^ne Massalska 176 By Mme. Vig^e-Lebrun. This portrait is mentioned by the Prin- cess in her letters; the original, or a copy, is in the Berlin gallery. Vni. Belceil, Forest and Fountain 186 From a photograph given by the Prince de Ligne. IX. Peter the Great, Emperor op Russia 224 Painter unknown; in the Romanoff gallery; Winter Palace, St. Petersburg. X Louisa, Queen op Prussia 234 By Grassi; in the Hohenzollern Museum, Berlin. Tl LIST OF PHOTOGRAVURE ILLUSTRATIONS. CHAfTBR Page X. Paul L, Kufeeob of Bussia 241 Fainter unknown; in the Winter Palace, St. Petersburg. XI. Alexander L, Eufebob of Bitssia 280 By David (Jacques-Louis); in the EomanofE gallery, St. Peters- burg. XI. Fredeeick-William III., King of Pkxtsbia 292 In the Hohenzollern Museum, Berlin. MEMOIK 01" CHARLES-JOSEPH, PRINCE DE LIGNE. I. 1786-1787. THE JOURNEY TO THE CRIMEA. [Early in 1786 the Empress Catherine determiaed to make a journey through her newly acquired dominion of the Crimea, otherwise called the Greek Kingdom of Bosporus, ruled by Tartar khans, but a dependency of Turkey, which ceded it to Eussia in 1783. This journey was intended to be, and was, a triumphal progress, and the empress wrote to the Prince de Ligne inviting him to accompany her. Delays occurred, so that the start was not made till January, 1787, when the empress left Czarsko-zelo, attended by the principal personages of her Court, and accompanied by the ambassa- dors of France, Austria, and England, namely : Comte Louis- Philippe de S^gur, Comte Cobenzl, and Mr. Fitz-Herbert, afterwards Lord St. Helens. Prince Potemkin took charge of the arrangements and directed everything. The Sovereign of Austria, Joseph IL, was iavited to join the empress, and did so at Kherson. The King of Poland, Stanislas Ponia- towski, met her on the way. The Prince de Ligne wrote a series of letters descriptive of this wondrous journey to the Marquise de Coigny, who shared them with his other friends VOL. II. — 1 2 MEMOIR OF THE PRINCE DE LIGNB. at the French Court, where they created such interest and were so much talked ahout that they have since remained his best known and oftenest quoted piece of writing. The following is the prince's reply to the empress's invita- tion to accompany her. In her letter of invitation she offered him certain lands in her new territory.] The Prince de Idgne to H. I. Majesty the Empress Catherine. Vienna, February 15, 1786. Madame, — I have possessed for one week the letter which does me the greatest honour and gives me the greatest joy of my life. I have kissed it a thousand times, because the heart can see without the help of eyes. Blinded as I am for a time like Milton and Homer, — though not as mad as the one nor as garrulous as the other, — I recover, in order to express my thanks to your Imperial Majesty, I recover my sight, of which a terrible influenza had deprived me. No one has disputed my birthplace, as they have that of the bard of an old wooden horse, and no one can doubt about the place of my death, which wiU surely be at the feet of your Majesty, from joy, excess of feeling, and gratitude, on the scene of your triumphs and beneficence. For myself, I much prefer being a victim to those emotions to being, like Iphigenia, that of the bigotry of my grandfathers. However, as we do not really die of such sentiments, but, on the contrary, live upon them, I shall hope for an even finer death, — if, for instance, in the midst of our journey in Taurica, that superb, triumphal progress of your Majesty, some Tartar barbarian should disturb your /#ies by making an incursion, and mine should be the happiness to repulse the hated horde and buy with my blood before the eyes of your Majesty a ! ! ! MEMOIR OF THE PRINCE DE LIGNE. 3 little victory. What joy to fight for hearth and sovereign three thousand leagues from home and in Her presence Louis XIV., for want of having learned geography, thought himself the greatest king on earth, and was persuaded, at Versailles, that Franche-Comt^ was larger and more consider- able than the peninsula of Taurica and the island of Kuban. How I delight in reviving those glorious names and glorious times known to us hitherto in fable only Elevation of soul, imagination, grandeur of ideas, seem to me like the sea which draws away from one place to bear itself to another ; 't is thus they have insensibly attained the realms of your Majesty, to whom belongs the magic of Armida, painted by Quinault in that fine choir, which Gluck still farther embellishes. This permission to follow you to that fabled land is a favour as great as all the other marks of your generosity. I should hardly have been bold enough to solicit it, but ah ! with what pleasure I shall profit by it I wish to take to Greece a few good Flemings, who are Greeks in agriculture. Perhaps their children in future years may become so in other ways, though their parents, heavy Belgians, are far indeed from the graces of the charm- ing inhabitants of the loveliest land on earth. What right have I to so much distinction and magnifi- cence? I went to the most brilliant of Courts, I had the happiness to amuse myself for a time in that capital on the banks of the Neva. I saw, I admired, but I scarcely said anything; I listened, I was touched. I returned to the banks of the Seine and the Danube, but I could not teU one hundredth part of what I felt. The trumpet of renown and M. de Voltaire's clarion had already charmed the ears of all Europe with the recital of those marvels, and my little flageo- let, worthy at most of the fields and the camp, could barely repeat it. ; 4 Memoir of the prince de ligne. I shall plant in Taurica for the governor, the Mar^chal Prince Potemkia, transparent apples, because they are to his liking, and the image of his soul, and I shall make, like him,. English gardens upon my roofs; and thus, without being able to imitate the genius of that spoilt child of nature, I shall be his equal in attachment and gratitude to our good sovereign. What a title that is ! No one said in the olden time, of conquerors and great men of both sexes (if there were any) " our good kiag," " our good queen." Even the " good Henri " (who has suddenly, one hundred and fifty-five years after his death, been made the fashion by a comedy) came near flinging all Europe into fire and slaughter with his pre- tended poule au pot. I place myself, therefore, at the feet of my good sovereign, and while awaiting the little statue for my garden in Iphi- geniopolis, I shall preserve, sure that no stones can over- throw it, that greater one which I have long raised to her in my heart. That of Diana I shall fling down if I meet her hypocrisy no longer suits me, and I am tired of hunting. If I quarrel with our governor on the score of his effacing all pagan ideas with his Greek liturgy, your Majesty must obtain my pardon. [Prince Potemkin was fanatical for the Greek Church.] I ha,ve the honour to be, with as much attachment, enthu- siasm, respect, and admiration as ever, Madame, etc. The Empress Catherine to the Prince de Ligne. November 15, 1786.
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