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World War II History of Manchester, Connecticut

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World War II History of Manchester, Connecticut Generated for student (University of British Columbia) on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89058524497 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google Generated for student (University of British Columbia) on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89058524497 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google World War II History Of Manchester, Connecticut By ARCHIE KILPATRICK 2027/wu.89058524497 ILLUSTRATED * * * on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/ / GMT 08:21 2015-05-01 on rust.org/access_use#pd-google THE HOBSON BOOK PRESS 52 Vanderbilt Avenue New York, N. Y. 1946 Generated for student (University of British Columbia) British of (University student for Generated http://www.hathit / Google-digitized Domain, Public Copyright 1946 By ARCHIE KILPATRICK 2027/wu.89058524497 on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/ / GMT 08:21 2015-05-01 on rust.org/access_use#pd-google Manufactured by the Hobson Book Press, Cynthiana, Ky., U.S.A. Generated for student (University of British Columbia) British of (University student for Generated http://www.hathit / Google-digitized Domain, Public NCV 2 9 1947 VA3 DEDICATED TO THE MEN, WOMEN AND CHILDREN OF THIS TOWN WHO SO COURAGEOUSLY SUPPORTED THEIR MEN IN ARMS 2027/wu.89058524497 IN THE WINNING OF THE WAR WITH GERMANY AND JAPAN 1940-1946 on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/ / GMT 08:21 2015-05-01 on rust.org/access_use#pd-google Generated for student (University of British Columbia) British of (University student for Generated http://www.hathit / Google-digitized Domain, Public FOREWORD Manchester, due to its proximity to the vitally important war in dustries areas during the wars between the United States, Germany and Japan, was forced by the dangers of sabotage and possible aerial attacks to form protective home defense organizations from the start of the conflicts. This book is intended to cover in a general way the activities of the Manchester "home front," showing what the folks at home did in their spare time to back up the more than 4,000 men-at-arms on the war fronts and at sea. Manchester has an enviable record of service in all of the wars in which our country has participated, from early Colonial days until the present. The blood of Manchester's young men flowed on all 2027/wu.89058524497 battlefields and in Naval action from the very beginning of our Nation, and the home folks ever maintained that record of defense in honor of the large percentage of their sons and daughters who participated in the Nation's wars. More detailed accounts probably will be written about the war history of this town in the succeeding years but the picture is always more distinct and clear if the story is toM as closely as possible to the actual occurrence of the events. It is with the intent to capture these first impressions of the events of the period of the wars with Germany and Japan, from 1940 through 1945, that this book has been written. Archie Kilpatrick on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/ / GMT 08:21 2015-05-01 on rust.org/access_use#pd-google Generated for student (University of British Columbia) British of (University student for Generated http://www.hathit / Google-digitized Domain, Public Generated for student (University of British Columbia) on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/2027/wu.89058524497 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google ARCHIE KILPATRICK BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH The author of this book, Archie Kilpatrick, a member of the edi torial staff of the Manchester Evening Herald, was born in Glasgow, Scotland and came to this country at the age of six months on one of the early immigrant liners. Shortly before his parents sailed for America, his mother died and after the funeral services his father gave his red-headed babe over to the care of other immigrant women aboard ship while he stoked the furnaces of the liner to help pay for their passage. Born under such auspicious conditions, and arriving in the Land of Freedom during the financial panic of 1893, the baby was given over to relatives living in New Hampshire where he lived and grew strong and healthy in the Granite Hills until at the age of 15 he de cided to see the world, enlisting in the United States Marine Corps. For the next four years he served with honor in the Philippines and in Cuba and the United States and on ships at sea and was dis charged from service in 191 2. For the next eight years he served 2027/wu.89058524497 in the Navy Department at Portsmouth, N. H., as an intelligence operative during World War I. His newspaper career began in 1922 when he wrote many feature articles for Boston, Manchester, N. H., Lewiston, Maine and other New England newspapers, later accepting the office of News Bureau Manager of the New Bedford (Mass.) Times on Cape Cod. He came to the Manchester (Conn.) Herald in 1929 and remains a member of that newspaper's editorial staff. Besides his work as court, municipal and general news reporter for the Herald, he is also staff photographer of this newspaper. During World War II, as he was too old for regular service, he joined the Connecticut State Guard and in 1941 was commissioned on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/ / GMT 08:21 2015-05-01 on rust.org/access_use#pd-google a 1st Lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion Headquarters, Hartford Armory, Hartford. He was promoted to Captain in 1943 and advanced to Plans and Training Officer of that battalion. He accepted inactive status in 1945 after three and one-half years service. He is married and the father of three sons, all of whom have seen regular service, two in World War II. Generated for student (University of British Columbia) British of (University student for Generated http://www.hathit / Google-digitized Domain, Public CONTENTS FOREWORD VII BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH IX I MANCHESTER PREPARES FOR A NEW WAR 1 II NATIONAL AND STATE GUARD UNITS 5 III SELECTIVE SERVICE 11 IV CIVILIAN DEFENSE (NO. 1) 17 V CIVILIAN DEFENSE (NO. 2) 23 VI CIVILIAN DEFENSE (NO. 3) 28 VII AIRPLANE SPOTTING 33 VIII AUXILIARY FIREMEN 38 IX AMBULANCE TRANSPORTATION UNIT 44 X RED CROSS (NO. 1) SO XI RED CROSS (NO. 2) 55 XII WAR RELIEF GROUPS 60 XIII MANCHESTER SCHOOLS (NO. 1.) 64 2027/wu.89058524497 XIV MANCHESTER SCHOOLS (NO. 2) 69 XV MANCHESTER SCHOOLS (NO. 3) 75 XVI HOWELL CHENEY TECHNICAL SCHOOL 78 XVII WARTIME RATIONING (NO. 1) 82 XVIII WARTIME RATIONING (NO. 2) 86 XIX WAR BOND SALES 93 XX THE TOWN'S HEALTH IN WARTIME 97 XXI THE TOWN'S RETAIL BUSINESS PROBLEMS 100 XXII WARTIME BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 105 XXIII INDUSTRIES IN WARTIME (NO. 1) 110 XXIV INDUSTRIES IN WARTIME NO. 2) 120 XXV CHURCHES IN WARTIME NO. 1) 126 on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/ / GMT 08:21 2015-05-01 on XXVI CHURCHES IN WARTIME (NO. 2) 133 rust.org/access_use#pd-google "THESE DEAD SHALL NOT HAVE DIED IN VAIN" 142 Generated for student (University of British Columbia) British of (University student for Generated http://www.hathit / Google-digitized Domain, Public CHAPTER I MANCHESTER PREPARES FOR A NEW WAR The residents of Manchester failed to realize the deeper significance of the sneak attack upon our Naval establishment at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. For the first few days after the major portion of our Pacific Fleet had been put out of commission, the average Man chester residents, in common with millions throughout the country, felt that war had to be conducted, as usual, in the time-honored tra ditional manner of official declaration, withdrawal of our diplomatic emmissaries from the offending country, then as a matter of custom each nation would square away at the other and begin warring actions. 2027/wu.89058524497 But Pearl Harbor quickly wiped this idea of making war along regular channels out of our minds. Residents Are Stunned Although the utter seriousness of the situation at Pearl Harbor after the attack was not revealed in its entirety to us, there was suf ficient undercurrent of knowledge of the devasation wrought by the carrier-based Jap bombers to stun the most even-tempered citizen of the United States of America—and Manchester. For months before Pearl Harbor, the minds of our citizens were geared to war on the continent of Europe and the unsuspected attack on 2015-05-01 08:21 GMT / http://hdl.handle.net/ / GMT 08:21 2015-05-01 on rust.org/access_use#pd-google on our outer Naval establishment, while the conference of United States and Japanese diplomats was in session in Washington, left us momentarily stunned. It was a one-two punch, with the first punch coming from an unexpected quarter. Two days after the attack the Congress acted. By a vote of 82 to o in the Senate and 388 to 1 (Jeanette Rankin, (R) Montana, dissent ing) we were officially at war with Japan. President Roosevelt, Generated for student (University of British Columbia) British of (University student for Generated http://www.hathit / Google-digitized Domain, Public 2 WORLD WAR II HISTORY on December 9, in a world-wide broadcast, said that "the sudden criminal attacks perpetrated by the Japanese in the Pa cific, provide the climax of a decade of international immorality.
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