Les Tamouls Des Provinces Nord Et Est SRI LANKA
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Sri Lanka 2020 Human Rights Report
SRI LANKA 2020 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Sri Lanka is a constitutional, multiparty democratic republic with a freely elected government. Presidential elections were held in 2019, and Gotabaya Rajapaksa won the presidency. He appointed former president Mahinda Rajapaksa, his brother, as prime minister. On August 5, Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa led the Sri Lankan People’s Freedom Alliance and small allied parties to secure a two- thirds supermajority, winning 150 of 225 seats in parliamentary elections. COVID-19 travel restrictions prevented international observers and limited domestic election observation. Domestic observers described the election as peaceful, technically well managed, and safe considering the COVID-19 pandemic but noted that unregulated campaign spending, abuse of state resources, and media bias affected the level playing field. The Sri Lanka Police are responsible for maintaining internal security and are under the Ministry of Public Security, formed on November 20. The military, under the Ministry of Defense, may be called upon to handle specifically delineated domestic security responsibilities, but generally without arrest authority. The nearly 11,000-member paramilitary Special Task Force, a police entity that reports to the inspector general of police, coordinates internal security operations with the military. Civilian officials maintained control over the security forces. Members of the security forces committed some abuses. The Sri Lanka parliament passed the 20th Amendment to the constitution on October 22. Opposition political leaders and civil society groups widely criticized the amendment for its broad expansion of executive authority that activists said would undermine the independence of the judiciary and independent state institutions, such as the Human Rights Commission and the Elections Commission, by granting the president sole authority to make appointments to these bodies with parliament afforded only a consultative role. -
Northern Sri Lanka Jane Derges University College London Phd In
Northern Sri Lanka Jane Derges University College London PhD in Social Anthropology UMI Number: U591568 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U591568 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Fig. 1. Aathumkkaavadi DECLARATION I, Jane Derges, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources I confirm that this has been indicated the thesis. ABSTRACT Following twenty-five years of civil war between the Sri Lankan government troops and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), a ceasefire was called in February 2002. This truce is now on the point of collapse, due to a break down in talks over the post-war administration of the northern and eastern provinces. These instabilities have lead to conflicts within the insurgent ranks as well as political and religious factions in the south. This thesis centres on how the anguish of war and its unresolved aftermath is being communicated among Tamils living in the northern reaches of Sri Lanka. -
Socio-Religious Desegregation in an Immediate Postwar Town Jaffna, Sri Lanka
Carnets de géographes 2 | 2011 Espaces virtuels Socio-religious desegregation in an immediate postwar town Jaffna, Sri Lanka Delon Madavan Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/cdg/2711 DOI: 10.4000/cdg.2711 ISSN: 2107-7266 Publisher UMR 245 - CESSMA Electronic reference Delon Madavan, « Socio-religious desegregation in an immediate postwar town », Carnets de géographes [Online], 2 | 2011, Online since 02 March 2011, connection on 07 May 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/cdg/2711 ; DOI : 10.4000/cdg.2711 La revue Carnets de géographes est mise à disposition selon les termes de la Licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. Socio-religious desegregation in an immediate postwar town Jaffna, Sri Lanka Delon MADAVAN PhD candidate and Junior Lecturer in Geography Université Paris-IV Sorbonne Laboratoire Espaces, Nature et Culture (UMR 8185) [email protected] Abstract The cease-fire agreement of 2002 between the Sri Lankan state and the separatist movement of Liberalisation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), was an opportunity to analyze the role of war and then of the cessation of fighting as a potential process of transformation of the segregation at Jaffna in the context of immediate post-war period. Indeed, the armed conflict (1987-2001), with the abolition of the caste system by the LTTE and repeated displacements of people, has been a breakdown for Jaffnese society. The weight of the hierarchical castes system and the one of religious communities, which partially determine the town's prewar population distribution, the choice of spouse, social networks of individuals, values and taboos of society, have been questioned as a result of the conflict. -
Migration and Morality Amongst Sri Lankan Catholics
UNLIKELY COSMPOLITANS: MIGRATION AND MORALITY AMONGST SRI LANKAN CATHOLICS A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Bernardo Enrique Brown August, 2013 © 2013 Bernardo Enrique Brown ii UNLIKELY COSMOPOLITANS: MIGRATION AND MORALITY AMONGST SRI LANKAN CATHOLICS Bernardo Enrique Brown, Ph.D. Cornell University, 2013 Sri Lankan Catholic families that successfully migrated to Italy encountered multiple challenges upon their return. Although most of these families set off pursuing very specific material objectives through transnational migration, the difficulties generated by return migration forced them to devise new and creative arguments to justify their continued stay away from home. This ethnography traces the migratory trajectories of Catholic families from the area of Negombo and suggests that – due to particular religious, historic and geographic circumstances– the community was able to develop a cosmopolitan attitude towards the foreign that allowed many of its members to imagine themselves as ―better fit‖ for migration than other Sri Lankans. But this cosmopolitanism was not boundless, it was circumscribed by specific ethical values that were constitutive of the identity of this community. For all the cosmopolitan curiosity that inspired people to leave, there was a clear limit to what values and practices could be negotiated without incurring serious moral transgressions. My dissertation traces the way in which these iii transnational families took decisions, constantly navigating between the extremes of a flexible, rootless cosmopolitanism and a rigid definition of identity demarcated by local attachments. Through fieldwork conducted between January and December of 2010 in the predominantly Catholic region of Negombo, I examine the work that transnational migrants did to become moral beings in a time of globalization, individualism and intense consumerism. -
Sri Lanka's Potemkin Peace: Democracy Under Fire
Sri Lanka’s Potemkin Peace: Democracy Under Fire Asia Report N°253 | 13 November 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Northern Province Elections and the Future of Devolution ............................................ 2 A. Implementing the Thirteenth Amendment? ............................................................. 3 B. Northern Militarisation and Pre-Election Violations ................................................ 4 C. The Challenges of Victory .......................................................................................... 6 1. Internal TNA discontent ...................................................................................... 6 2. Sinhalese fears and charges of separatism ........................................................... 8 3. The TNA’s Tamil nationalist critics ...................................................................... 9 D. The Legal and Constitutional Battleground .............................................................. 12 E. A Short- -
Jaffna College Miscellany
YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY JAFFNA COLLEGE MISCELLANY s t-i. i m i s , V /;/ r-. DECEMBER, 1940* Personality - A Magnet "ithout personal organisation, sound and time-saving and loyal, no retail business can stand up. koor Service or an atmosphere of distrust will defeat any advertising and most offers of quality. "ou want men who can accomplish. You want men of individuality. The aim should be to hold that atmosphere of personality-perso o nal interest-in every department of the house. business establishment radiates peculiarly ..and distinctively its own personality just o as emphatically as does the individual. It seizes you as you enter the doer - that indescribable something which grips the customer and causes o him to decide within himself, I want to buy here THE JAFFNA APOTHECARIES COMPANY* E S T D . 1 8 9 0 YOU WANT? SERVICE DURABILITY CHEAPNESS ECONOMY & SATISFACTION H We Cater for these THE PIONEER SPORTS Co. 84, Chatham Street, MAIN STREET, Fort Colombo. JAFFNA. h,e com filtw'ienû t/ h e ( o d ìi o w à E S T D . 1 9 1 0 T r l: “ THANAMONY ” v . L. FER N A N D O & CO.. MAIN STREET, JAFFNA. Specialists in Bridal Goods, Gents’ & Ladies’ Shoes, Hats, Sandals, Presentation Articles, Household Furni ture, &c. &c. # P H O T O G O O D S in all details and M U S IC A L G O O D S of all descriptions available PATRONISE A OUR v ADVERTISERS Jaffna College Miscellany December, 1940. VOL. XLX. No, 3. -
The Way Ahead in Sri Lanka
ch ar F se o e u R n r d e a v t r i e o s n b O ORF Discourse Vol.1 ● No.2 ● November 2006 Published by Observer Research Foundation, New Delhi The Way Ahead in Sri Lanka Summary of an interaction organised by ORF (Chennai) on September 2, 2006 f the stalemated war produced a truce, the stalemated victories in conventional warfare. SLAF is no longer a peace ever since the Sri Lankan Government and ‘ceremonial army’ and its soldiers are ‘children of war’, Ithe Liberation Tigers Tamil Elam signed a cease-fi re and trained in that environment. The LTTE, on the other agreement (CFA) in February 2002 has contributed to the hand, may already be facing cadre-shortage, mainly due revival of violence in the island-nation. The deteriorating to the ‘Karuna rebellion’ in the East and, possibly, because ground situation has been accompanied by repeated calls of large-scale migration of ‘Jaffna Tamils’ ever since the from the Sri Lankan parties for greater Indian involvement ‘ethnic war’ began in the early Eighties. in the peace-making efforts. On the political side, President Mahinda Rajapakse To evaluate the developments, the Chennai Chapter has shown signs of working for a ‘Southern consensus’, of the Observer Research Foundation (ORF-C), which which is a pre-requisite for any peace plan to succeed. is specialising in ‘Sri Lanka Studies, among other issues, The Opposition United National Party (UNP), although it organised a seminar on September 2, 2006 in which rejected his offer for a national government, has offered to participants and discussants focussed on the military cooperate with the `Southern consensus’ initiative. -
Northern Road Connectivity Project - Additional Financing
Resettlement Plan April 2014 Sri Lanka: Northern Road Connectivity Project - Additional Financing Prepared by the Road Development Authority, Ministry of Highways, Ports and Shipping for the Asian Development Bank. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 23 April 2014) Currency unit - Sri Lankan rupee (SLR) SLR1.00 = $0 .0076917160 $1.00 = SLR 130.010000 ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank CBO - Community-based organization CSC - Construction supervision consultant DS - Divisional Secretary DSD - Divisional Secretariat Division EA - Executing Agency ESDD - Environment and Social Development Division GN - Grama Niladhari GND - Grama Niladhari Divisions GOSL - Government of Sri Lanka GRC - Grievance Redress Committee GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism IA - Implementing Agency IRP - income restoration program LAA - Land Acquisition Act LARS - land acquisition and resettlement survey MIS - management information systems MOHPS - Ministry of Highways, Ports and Shipping NIRP - National Involuntary Resettlement Policy NRCP - Northern Road Connectivity Project NRCP - AF - Northern Road Connectivity Project Additional Financing NP - Northern Province NGO - Nongovernment organization PD - Project Director PEA - Project Executing Agency PIU - Project Implementation Unit RDA - Road Development Authority REA - Rapid Environmental Assessment RHS - Right Hand Side ROW - Right-of-way SES - Socioeconomic survey SPS - Safeguard Policy Statement TOR - Terms of reference NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars. This resettlement plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. -
Endgame in Sri Lanka Ajit Kumar Singh*
Endgame in Sri Lanka Ajit Kumar Singh* If we do not end war – war will end us. Everybody says that, millions of people believe it, and nobody does anything. – H.G. Wells 1 The Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapakse finally ended the Eelam War2 in May 2009 – though, perhaps, not in the manner many would desire. So determined was the President that he had told Roland Buerk of the BBC in an interview published on February 21, 2007, “I don't want to pass this problem on to the next generation.”3 Though the final phase of open war4 began on January 16, 2008, following the January 2 unilateral withdrawal of the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) from the Norway-brokered * Ajit Kumar Singh, Research Fellow, Institute for Conflict Management 1 Things to Come (The film story), Part III, adapted from his 1933 novel The Shape of Things to Come, spoken by the character John Cabal. 2 The civil war in Sri Lanka can be divided into four phases: Eelam War I between 1983 and 1987, Eelam War II between 1990-1994, Eelam War III between 1995-2001, and Eelam War IV between 2006-2009. See Muttukrishna Sarvananthaa in “Economy of the Conflict Region in Sri Lanka: From Embargo to Repression”, Policy Studies 44, East-West Centre, http://www.eastwestcenter.org/fileadmin/stored/pdfs/ps044.pdf. 3 “No end in sight to Sri Lanka conflict”, February 21, 2007, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6382787.stm. 4 Amantha Perera, “Sri Lanka: Open War”, South Asia Intelligence Review, Volume 6, No.28, http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/sair/Archives/6_28.htm#assessment1. -
Nationalism, Caste-Blindness, and the Continuing Problems of War-Displaced Panchamars in Post-War Jaffna Society
Article CASTE: A Global Journal on Social Exclusion Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 51–70 February 2020 brandeis.edu/j-caste ISSN 2639-4928 DOI: 10.26812/caste.v1i1.145 Nationalism, Caste-Blindness, and the Continuing Problems of War-Displaced Panchamars in Post-War Jaffna Society Kalinga Tudor Silva1 Abstract More than a decade after the end of the 26-year old LTTE—led civil war in Sri Lanka, a particular section of the Jaffna society continues to stay as Internally Displaced People (IDP). This paper tries to unravel why some low caste groups have failed to end their displacement and move out of the camps while everybody else has moved on to become a settled population regardless of the limitations they experience in the post-war era. Using both quantitative and qualitative data from the affected communities the paper argues that ethnic-biases and ‘caste-blindness’ of state policies, as well as Sinhala and Tamil politicians largely informed by rival nationalist perspectives are among the underlying causes of the prolonged IDP problem in the Jaffna Peninsula. In search of an appropriate solution to the intractable IDP problem, the author calls for an increased participation of these subaltern caste groups in political decision making and policy dialogues, release of land in high security zones for the affected IDPs wherever possible, and provision of adequate incentives for remaining people to move to alternative locations arranged by the state in consultation with IDPs themselves and members of neighbouring communities where they cannot be relocated at their original sites. Keywords Caste, caste-blindness, ethnicity, nationalism, social class, IDPs, Panchamars, Sri Lanka 1Department of Sociology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka E-mail: [email protected] © 2020 Kalinga Tudor Silva. -
Sri Lanka: Tamil Politics and the Quest for a Political Solution
SRI LANKA: TAMIL POLITICS AND THE QUEST FOR A POLITICAL SOLUTION Asia Report N°239 – 20 November 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. TAMIL GRIEVANCES AND THE FAILURE OF POLITICAL RESPONSES ........ 2 A. CONTINUING GRIEVANCES ........................................................................................................... 2 B. NATION, HOMELAND, SEPARATISM ............................................................................................. 3 C. THE THIRTEENTH AMENDMENT AND AFTER ................................................................................ 4 D. LOWERING THE BAR .................................................................................................................... 5 III. POST-WAR TAMIL POLITICS UNDER TNA LEADERSHIP ................................. 6 A. RESURRECTING THE DEMOCRATIC TRADITION IN TAMIL POLITICS .............................................. 6 1. The TNA ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Pro-government Tamil parties ..................................................................................................... 8 B. TNA’S MODERATE APPROACH: YET TO BEAR FRUIT .................................................................. 8 1. Patience and compromise in negotiations -
Jaffna District – 2007
BASIC POPULATION INFORMATION ON JAFFNA DISTRICT – 2007 Preliminary Report Based on Special Enumeration – 2007 Department of Census and Statistics June 2008 Foreword The Department of Census and Statistics (DCS), carried out a special enumeration in Eastern province and in Jaffna district in Northern province. The objective of this enumeration is to provide the necessary basic information needed to formulate development programmes and relief activities for the people. This preliminary publication for Jaffna district has been compiled from the reports obtained from the District based on summaries prepared by enumerators and supervisors. A final detailed publication will be disseminated after the computer processing of questionnaires. This preliminary release gives some basic information for Jaffna district, such as population by divisional secretary’s division, urban/rural population, sex, age (under 18 years and 18 years and over) and ethnicity. Data on displaced persons due to conflict or tsunami are also included. Some important information which is useful for regional level planning purposes are given by Grama Niladhari Divisions. This enumeration is based on the usual residents of households in the district. These figures should be regarded as provisional. I wish to express my sincere thanks to the staff of the department and all other government officials and others who worked with dedication and diligence for the successful completion of the enumeration. I am also grateful to the general public for extending their fullest co‐operation in this important undertaking. This publication has been prepared by Population Census Division of this Department. D.B.P. Suranjana Vidyaratne Director General of Census and Statistics 6th June 2008 Department of Census and Statistics, 15/12, Maitland Crescent, Colombo 7.