2016 Next Step Report

A report on the destinations of Year 12 completers from 2015 in Queensland

nextstep

A report on the destinations of Year 12 completers from 2015 in Queensland

Acknowledgments

The Next Step team gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the members of the Next Step survey reference group and the organisations they represent: Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia (Queensland branch) Association of Principals of Catholic Secondary Schools of Queensland Independent Schools Queensland Queensland Catholic Education Commission Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority Queensland Government Statistician’s Office Queensland Secondary Principals' Association Queensland University of Technology State Schools Division, Department of Education and Training Training and Skills Division, Department of Education and Training The Next Step team extends its sincere thanks to the many thousands of Queensland Year 12 completers who gave up their time to participate in the survey. This research is funded by the Queensland Government.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Australia License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au/.

ii Next Step Queensland 2016

Foreword

Life after finishing Year 12 is a time of great change and opportunity for Queensland students as they take their next step.

There are a myriad of pathways for young people to choose as they continue their journey of lifelong learning.

The Next Step survey is undertaken each year to capture invaluable information that assists the Queensland Government, local governments, schools and communities to help young people pursue rewarding futures.

The 12th annual Next Step survey report charts the course of Year 12 leavers towards work, training or study.

Not all young people finish Year 12, but the prospects for those who do are often brighter and more varied.

More than 40,000 people who finished Year 12 last year, from 492 state, Catholic and independent schools and TAFE secondary colleges, took part in the 2016 Next Step survey between March to June.

This number represents almost 80% of last year’s Year 12 completers and I thank all the young people who responded.

Again, the survey showed that most of the young people were either studying or had entered the workforce, or were combining the two.

The Queensland Government is focused on supporting students to find jobs by building employment pathways and preparing them for jobs of the future. It is important that we use insights from the report to help plan the way forward for future school leavers.

I congratulate young Queenslanders who have taken the next step, whether joining the workforce, entering training or pursuing further study and wish them the very best in their future endeavours.

The Hon Kate Jones MP Minister for Education

Next Step Queensland 2016 iii

Contents Acknowledgments ...... ii Foreword ...... iii Photograph Acknowledgments ...... vi Chapter 1 – Introduction and Summary of findings ...... 1 Aims of the project ...... 1 Year 12 outcomes ...... 1 Survey Methodology ...... 1 Effects of rounding ...... 2 Data editing ...... 2 Profile of Year 12 completers ...... 2 Response rates...... 2 Proxies ...... 3 Longitudinal study ...... 3 Survey findings ...... 3 Summary of Next Step survey findings...... 4 Chapter 2 – Main destinations of Year 12 completers ...... 11 Main destination...... 11 Education and employment destinations ...... 16 Deferring university study...... 18 Taking a gap year ...... 20 Chapter 3 – Destinations over time ...... 25 Main destination over time ...... 25 Work and study destinations over time ...... 27 Education and training destinations over time ...... 28 Employment destinations over time ...... 30 Chapter 4 – Education and training destinations ...... 33 All Year 12 completers in education or training ...... 33 Education and training by sex ...... 34 Study load...... 35 Field of study ...... 36 Study provider ...... 39 Working and non-working students ...... 41 Chapter 5 – Employment destinations ...... 43 All Year 12 completers in employment ...... 43 Permanent and Casual workers ...... 49 Working and not in education or training ...... 53 Working and in education or training ...... 56 Chapter 6 – Apprentices and Trainees ...... 61 Year 12 completers in apprenticeships or traineeships ...... 61 Education and training destinations of apprentices and trainees ...... 62 Employment destinations of apprentices and trainees ...... 65 Chapter 7 – Not studying; not employed; and not studying or employed ...... 71 Overview ...... 71 Not studying ...... 72 Not employed ...... 74 Not studying or employed ...... 75

iv Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 8 – Regional differences in post-school destinations ...... 81 South East Queensland/Regional Queensland ...... 81 Education Council zone ...... 85 ABS Statistical Area Level 4 ...... 86 Local Government Area ...... 91 Chapter 9 – Indigenous Year 12 completers ...... 93 Main destination...... 94 Indigenous status ...... 94 Indigenous education and employment destinations ...... 98 Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers over time ...... 99 Education and training destinations of Indigenous Year 12 completers ...... 100 Employment destinations of Indigenous Year 12 completers ...... 101 Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers by qualification ...... 105 Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers by socioeconomic status ...... 108 Chapter 10 – Main destinations of Year 12 completers by subgroups ...... 111 Queensland Certificate of Education ...... 111 Overall Position/International Baccalaureate Diploma ...... 112 Vocational Education and Training in schools ...... 114 School-based apprenticeships and traineeships ...... 116 OP/IBD and VET qualification ...... 118 Queensland Certificate of Individual Achievement ...... 119 Students with disabilities ...... 119 International study visa status ...... 121 Language background other than English ...... 122 Socioeconomic status ...... 123 Appendices ...... 127 Appendix 1 - Queensland schools with Year 12 completers in 2015...... 127 Appendix 2 - Main destination categorisation ...... 139 Appendix 3 - Fields of study ...... 140 Appendix 4 - Industry categories ...... 141 Appendix 5 - Occupational groups ...... 142 Appendix 6 - Statistical Area Level 4 - Queensland, ABS, 2011 ...... 143 Appendix 7 - Indigenous Regions – Queensland, ABS, 2011 ...... 145 Appendix 8 - 2016 Next Step survey questionnaire ...... 146 Appendix 9 - Glossary ...... 158

Next Step Queensland 2016 v

Photograph Acknowledgments

Page iv: Alumina Refiner, Gladstone. Photographer: Peter Lik. © Courtesy of Tourism Queensland. Page 1: 100907 SunSmart Health Dept photoshoot South Bank, Brisbane. © Image courtesy Brisbane Marketing. Page 6: Photographer: Jesse Smith. © Image courtesy Brisbane Marketing. Page 7: © The State of Queensland. Page 8: Courtesy of Queensland Motorways. © The State of Queensland. Page 9: Krome Studios is a leading independent development studio in the worldwide game development community. © MWA Viewfinder. Page 10: Photographer: Tony Phillips. © The State of Queensland. Page 11: Photographer: Mark Nemeth. © The State of Queensland. Page 24: Game one of the 2011 NRL State of Origin Rugby League series. Photographer: Michael Marston. © The State of Queensland. Page 25: Photographer: Jason Henry. © The State of Queensland. Page 33: © The State of Queensland. Page 43: Photographer: Michael Marston. © The State of Queensland. Page 59: © The State of Queensland. Page 71: Photographer: Mark Nemeth. © The State of Queensland. Page 80: Gladstone. Photographer: Ray Cash Photography. © The State of Queensland. Page 81: Photographer: Peter Lik. © Courtesy of Tourism Queensland. Page 93: Photographer: MWA Viewfinder. © The State of Queensland. Page 110: Photographer: MWA Viewfinder. © The State of Queensland. Page 111: Photographer: Michael Marston. © The State of Queensland. Page 127: Department of Defence. © Lyle Radford.

Although no offence is intended, the publication may contain images that cause distress.

vi Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 1 – Introduction and Summary of findings

Aims of the project Table 1.1 provides a summary of the outcomes of all students who received a Senior Education The Next Step survey is an annual survey of Profile after completing Year 12 in Queensland students who completed Year 12 and gained a in 2015, as reported by the QCAA. Senior Statement in the previous year in Queensland. The survey results show the initial Table 1.1: Summary outcomes of Year 12 study and work destinations of young people completers from 2015, Queensland 2016 after completing school. Characteristica no. %b Schools 492 - The objectives of the survey are to assist: Senior Education Profile 50 020 - • parents and the wider public to know the QCE 46 855 93.7

pathways of young people after completing c Op 25 768 51.5 Year 12, and to appreciate the range of IBD 401 0.8 options available to students QCIA 741 1.5

• schools to review and plan their services VETd 31 691 63.4 for students, especially in the senior years SAT 6 525 13.0 of schooling Senior statement only 799 1.6

• a school system personnel to review their Excludes international visa students. b education policies as they affect the Unlike other measures, OP is not a qualification. c transition from school to further study and Includes students who participated in a SAT and completed a VET qualification. employment - Not applicable. • training bodies, universities, business and industry, local government and regional Survey Methodology planners to plan their services. The 2016 Next Step survey was conducted by The 2016 survey followed the destinations of the Department of Education and Training students who completed Year 12 at state, (DET) through the Queensland Government Catholic and independent schools, and TAFE Statistician’s Office (QGSO), in accordance secondary colleges in 2015. with the provisions of the Statistical Returns Act A reference group advises on the design and 1896 (Qld). conduct of the survey. Its members represent The survey included students who completed the school sectors, principals associations, Year 12 in Queensland in 2015 at state, higher education sector and the Queensland Catholic and independent schools, and TAFE Curriculum and Assessment Authority (QCAA). secondary colleges. All students who were awarded a Senior Statement were included. Year 12 outcomes The students to be surveyed were identified by Each year the QCAA publically releases a means of a survey frame (or list) provided to snapshot of Year 12 outcomes for students QGSO by the QCAA. This list contained details who finished Year 12 in the previous calendar for 50 963 Year 12 completers who were year. deemed to be in-scope for this survey.

Next Step Queensland 2016 1

The survey was conducted between March and Profile of Year 12 completers June 2016, approximately six months after the young people left school. This timing was The 40 110 respondents attended 492 schools designed to be after tertiary education places and colleges. Some 58.8% attended for 2016 were accepted, and while most of government schools, 20.4% Catholic schools, these young people were still contactable via 20.6% independent schools, and 0.2% TAFE their 2015 home address details. secondary colleges. Table 1.2 highlights selected key characteristics of those who Responses were predominantly collected via responded. computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). Students were also offered the Table 1.2: Year 12 completers who opportunity to complete the survey online. responded to the Next Step survey, by Students for whom telephone details were not selected key characteristics, Queensland available were invited to participate in the 2015–2016 survey online or by calling the QGSO. The SURVEY YEAR average time to complete a survey by CATI 2015 2016 Characteristic was four and three quarter minutes. % % Male 48.8 49.6 Prior to the survey commencing, Year 12 completers with usable addresses were sent a Female 51.2 50.4 letter from the Minister for Education, advising Indigenous 3.8 4.0 them of the survey. LBOTEa 7.1 7.2 All responding Year 12 completers went into a International visa 1.1 1.4 South East Queenslandb 67.8 67.5 draw for a chance to win one of several prizes offered as an incentive to encourage survey Regional Queenslandb 32.2 32.5 participation. QCE 92.7 94.7 At the close of the survey, all OP eligible 56.1 54.7 non-responding students for whom telephone IBD 0.8 0.9 numbers were available had received a QCIA 1.2 1.3 minimum of six attempts at contact. Students VETiS qualificationc 61.3 60.9 who had provided a mobile phone number or VET Certificate Id 39.4 34.8 email address were sent reminders via SMS or VET Certificate IId 32.0 35.2 email to encourage their participation. VET Certificate IIId 19.4 19.4

d A total of 40 110 completed surveys were VET Certificate IV+ 2.1 2.7 received. Of these, 14 530 were collected via a SAT 13.1 12.6 web survey (36.2% of all responses) and Aged 15 years or younger 0.6 0.6

25 580 by CATI. Aged 16 79.8 79.0

Aged 17 18.4 19.3

Effects of rounding Aged 18 or older 1.2 1.1

a Percentages in this report have been rounded Excludes international visa students. b South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location to one decimal point and so discrepancies may based on address of school attended in 2015. c occur between the sum of component items Includes students who participated in a SAT and completed a VET qualification. and their totals. d As students may obtain multiple VET certificates some students appear in more than one VET category.

Data editing Data editing was performed throughout data Response rates entry and after the survey closed. Examples of There were 50 963 in-scope Year 12 data editing include checking the data for completers on the survey frame. Table 1.3 invalid entries (e.g. entries which were out of shows the overall response rate received for range), as well as checking the accuracy of the survey and for various subgroups. data which was manually entered.

2 Next Step Queensland 2016

The overall response rate of 78.7% is similar to • if CATI interviewers were told by the the response rate achieved in 2015 (80.2%). contact that the target was unable to be The lower response rate for international visa interviewed because of a disability or ill students is due largely to their temporary health, CATI interviewers were to interview resident status and contactability after the proxy immediately completing Year 12. • from the third attempted contact onwards, The survey CATI refusal rate of 2.2% is if the target respondent was unavailable, considered low for a telephone survey. The proxies would be used if agreeable. refusal rate for respondents who did not have a It is possible that some answers supplied by known telephone contact is unknown. proxies may be different to what would have been stated by the young persons themselves. Table 1.3: Response rates of Year 12 completers by selected key subgroups, Therefore, it should be noted that although it is Queensland 2015–2016 estimated that this error is small, its impact has SURVEY YEAR not been quantified. 2015 2016 Subgroup % % Longitudinal study Overall response rate 80.2 78.7 Immediate status after Year 12 gives only a CATI refusal rate 2.4 2.2 partial view of the experiences of young people Government schools 80.2 79.2 after leaving school, as it can take several Catholic schools 78.5 76.8 years for stable patterns to emerge as young Independent schools 82.1 79.2 people move between different types of Indigenous students 64.3 63.3 education, training and work.

Non-indigenous students 81.0 79.5 The Next Step Longitudinal study is following, Male 79.5 78.1 through to the age of 24, large cohorts of Year Female 80.9 79.3 12 completers from 2005 and 2010 who LBOTEa 74.8 73.6 participated in the 2006 and 2011 Next Step International visa 55.1 58.3 surveys respectively. This study provides a South East Queenslandb 80.1 78.4 greater understanding of the longer term

Regional Queenslandb 80.4 79.4 outcomes for Queensland’s Year 12 completers. a Includes international visa students. b South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location More information on the Next Step survey and based on address of school attended in 2015. the Next Step Longitudinal study is available at www.education.qld.gov.au/nextstep. Proxies The survey methodology allowed for responses Survey findings to be provided by a proxy. Allowable proxies When considering the findings of the Next Step included parents, siblings and other household survey it is important to note that the post- members able to respond on behalf of the school destinations of all school leavers are respondent. Proxy responses represented influenced by the environment in which they 29.6% of all responses. The circumstances are transitioning into. This can limit the options where responses from proxies could be available to young people and alter their obtained were: intended post-school pathways. • if the target was away for the duration of For example, the availability of employment the survey and/or CATI interviewers were opportunities is dependent on the local and told by the contact that they were very broader macroeconomic outlook. In a tight unlikely to ever find the target at home, labour market a school leaver may look at an CATI interviewers were to interview the education or training pathway rather than their proxy immediately initially preferred employment pathway.

Next Step Queensland 2016 3

Summary of Next Step survey findings.

Figure 1.1: Summary of Next Step survey findings, Queensland 2016

2016 Next Step survey

2015 Year 12 completers 50 963

All survey respondents 40 110

See also Chapter 7 See also Chapter 7

4 Next Step Queensland 2016

Main destination The summary of findings presented in Figure 1.2 highlights: As many young people were combining education and employment, all Year 12 • the majority of Year 12 completers completers were categorised into their main (86.8%) were studying or in paid destination, be it education, training or employment at the time of the survey employment. • further study was a common destination To achieve this categorisation, Year 12 for Year 12 completers, with 60.6% completers were grouped in a structured continuing in some recognised form of manner, as outlined in Appendix 2. In post-school education or training particular: • students undertaking a Bachelor Degree • students undertaking education or training accounted for 39.7% of all Year 12 were assigned to the relevant study completers category, even if they were also employed • campus-based VET students—those with a or seeking work main destination of VET Certificate I–IV or • apprentices and trainees were assigned to higher—were more likely to be studying at these categories rather than any of the Certificate IV level or higher (6.9% of all VET categories, but it is a given that their Year 12 completers compared to 2.5% for training involved study Certificate III level and 2.7% for Certificate I–II level) • those grouped in a labour force destination (employed or seeking work) were not in • employment-based training accounted for education or training 8.8% of Year 12 completers, either in apprenticeships (6.3%) or traineeships • there was also a small group who were not (2.5%) in the labour force (that is, not employed and not seeking work), education or • the remaining 39.4% of Year 12 training. This group is referred to as completers did not enter post-school NILFET throughout the tables and figures education or training, and were either of this report. employed (26.2%), seeking work (10.7%) or not in the labour force, education or training (2.4%).

Figure 1.2: Main destination of Year 12 completers, Queensland 2016

17.8% 10.7% VET Categories 2.4% Bachelor Degree (39.7%) VET Cert IV+ (6.9%) 6.9% VET Cert III (2.5%)

8.4% VET Cert I–II/other (2.7%) 2.5% Apprenticeship (6.3%) 20.9% 2.7% Traineeship (2.5%) Full-time employment (8.4%) 6.3% Part-time employment (17.8%) Seeking work (10.7%) 2.5% NILFET (2.4%)

39.7%

Next Step Queensland 2016 5

Deferring university study and taking a gap Main destination over time year Figure 1.3 shows a 10-year time series of the There were 3340 Year 12 completers (8.3% of main destination of Year 12 completers from all Year 12 completers) who had deferred a 2007 to 2016. tertiary offer. These Year 12 completers were The proportion of Year 12 completers assigned to their main destination at the time of transitioning to Bachelor Degree level study the survey in Figure 1.2. recorded a slight decrease in 2016, falling by Among this group, 17.3% were undertaking an 0.9 percentage points to 39.7%. Bachelor alternative education or training pathway. A degree level study remains high and is the further 65.9% were employed, 12.2% were most popular post-school destination. seeking work and 4.6% were not in the labour The proportion of Year 12 completers force education or training. transitioning to campus-based VET was also marginally lower in 2016 (down 0.6pp to 12.2%), primarily through a decline in study at Certificate level IV or higher (down 0.5pp to 6.9%). Overall, campus-based VET figures have remained relatively stable over the last 10 years. The downward trend in Year 12 completers undertaking employment-based training appears to have stabilised in recent years with the proportion of Year 12 completers taking up either an apprenticeship or traineeship in 2016 Year 12 completers who were not undertaking rising to 8.3%. Apprenticeships (6.3%) showed study at a university were asked whether they an increase of 0.4 percentage points in 2016 to considered themselves to be taking a gap record the highest figure since 2013. year—delaying enrolment in university or other study for a period of time after completing Similarly, after a sharp decline from 2008, the Year 12. proportion of Year 12 completers transitioning into full-time employment (8.4%) with no further There were 8235 Year 12 completers (20.5% of education or training has recorded little change all Year 12 completers) who indicated that they since 2013. were taking a gap year. Again, these Year 12 completers were assigned to their main The proportion of Year 12 completers destination at the time of the survey in Figure transitioning to part-time employment (17.8%) 1.2. or seeking work (10.7%) has generally increased over the last 10 years. This trend has The main destination of Year 12 completers been more profound for part-time employment taking a gap year were similar to those of in recent years which increased by 0.8 deferrers, with 10.1% participating in post- percentage points in 2016 to record the second school education or training. A further 65.8% highest figure over the 10 year period. were employed, 19.3% were seeking work and 4.9% were not in the labour force education or The proportion of young people not in the training. labour force, education or training (2.4%) has remained relatively stable over the last 10 ‘Wanted a break from study’ was the most years. common main reason for not studying given by Year 12 completers who deferred university study or were taking a gap year.

6 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 1.3: Main destination of Year 12 completers, Queensland 2007–2016

% 20

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Education and training destinations Employment destinations A common destination for Year 12 completers Many young people who completed Year 12 in was continuing in further study, with 24 197 2015 were employed (25 146, or 62.7%), continuing in some form of education or training regardless of whether or not they were in the year after completing Year 12. Of these, undertaking further education or training. 60.0% were combining their education or Of these Year 12 completers, 70.7% were in training with work. part-time employment, while 15.3% were Of the Year 12 completers who were working full-time. A further 10.1% were undertaking further education or training, undertaking an apprenticeship and 3.9% were 77.6% were studying full-time. in a traineeship. The most common fields of study for Bachelor Degree and campus-based VET students were ‘Health’, ‘Society and Culture’, and ‘Management and Commerce’. Apprentices and trainees were enrolled mainly in ‘Engineering and Related Technologies’, ‘Architecture and Building’, ‘Food, Hospitality and Personal Services’, and ‘Management and Commerce’.

University was the study provider for 78.3% of students in campus-based study, with a further The most frequent occupational groups for 11.2% studying at an institute of technical and male Year 12 completers who were not in an further education (TAFE). apprenticeship or traineeship were ‘Sales Workers’ and ‘Labourers’. Common Apprentices and trainees were most likely to be occupations within the ‘Labourers’ group undertaking their study at a TAFE institute included ‘Kitchenhands’ and ‘Shelf Fillers’. (50.1%). Private training colleges (22.9%) and employers (15.7%) were also large providers of training to this group of Year 12 completers.

Next Step Queensland 2016 7

Females who were not in apprenticeships or were not in the labour force, education or traineeships had the most frequent training was also ‘Disability’ (21.3% and occupational group of ‘Sales Workers’. ‘Sales 16.4% respectively). Assistants (General)’ and ‘Checkout Operators Destinations by sex and Office Cashiers’ were common occupations within this group. There were differences in the destinations of females and males. In particular: ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ (38.2%) and ‘Retail Trade’ (28.6%) were the most • females were more likely to have a main common industries of employment for Year 12 destination of Bachelor Degree (44.9% completers who were not apprentices or compared to 34.3% of males) trainees. • males were more likely than females to The ‘Construction’ industry employed the enter an apprenticeship (11.1% compared largest proportion of Year 12 completers who to 1.7%) were apprentices and trainees (34.1%). • females in campus-based study were most Excluding apprentices and trainees, 80.2% of likely to be studying in the fields of ‘Health’ Year 12 completers in employment were and ‘Society and Culture’ working on a casual basis. • females in employment-based training were most likely to be studying in the ‘Food, Hospitality and Personal Services’ and ‘Management and Commerce’ fields • males were most likely to be enrolled in ‘Engineering and Related Technologies’ courses, regardless of their type of study • among those working and not in education or training, females were more likely than males to be working part-time (71.6% compared to 64.0% of males). Not studying or employed Main destination by age The survey identified that 10.7% of Year 12 Of the 40 110 Year 12 completers who completers were not studying, but were participated in the 2016 Next Step survey, the seeking work. vast majority (31 682 or 79.0%) were A further 2.4% of Year 12 completers were not 16 years of age at the start of 2015. There in the labour force, education or training. This were 238 students (0.6%) aged 15 years or group could include those with a disability or younger, 7744 students (19.3%) aged 17 years health condition, those who were travelling, and and a further 446 students (1.1%) who were 18 those who were waiting for a course or secured years or older. employment to begin. Younger Year 12 completers were more likely In both these destinations, young people who than older Year 12 completers to transition to received a Queensland Certificate of Individual Bachelor Degree study, ranging from 54.6% for Achievement (QCIA) (58.9%), those with a the youngest age group to 32.1% for the oldest verified disability (42.7%), and Indigenous Year age group. 12 completers (28.6%) were over-represented. Older Year 12 completers were more likely to For young people who were not in the labour undertake campus-based VET courses than force, education or training, the two main their younger peers (25.8% for those aged 18 reasons given for not continuing in study was or older compared to 12.2% for those aged 15 ‘Disability’ (20.8% for males and 14.7% for years or younger). females) and ‘Wanted a break from study’ Main destination by geographic location (12.0% for males and 20.4% for females). Post-school destinations varied across The most common main reason for not seeking geographic locations. Students who completed work given by both males and females who

8 Next Step Queensland 2016

Year 12 in South East Queensland were more education or training, and 34.7% were either likely to undertake Bachelor Degree study than seeking work or not in the labour force, students from Regional Queensland (44.7% education or training. compared to 29.3%). Overall Position / International Young people in remote areas were the most Baccalaureate Diploma likely to be in employment-based training Similarly to those who received a QCE, (20.1%). Year 12 completers from very remote 76.0% of Year 12 completers who received an areas were more likely to be in full-time Overall Position (OP) and 85.3% who were employment (20.0%) than less remote areas awarded an International Baccalaureate (between 6.2% and 13.5%). Diploma (IBD) made a transition into further Year 12 completers who had a residential education and training. address in the Maranoa local government area Bachelor Degree study was the main had the highest transition to post-school destination of Year 12 completers who received education, training or employment (92.1%). an OP (65.3%) or were awarded an IBD Year 12 completers from the Fraser Coast local (83.1%). government area had the lowest transition to post-school education, training or employment (79.5%). Main destination by Indigenous status Indigenous Year 12 completers were more likely than non-Indigenous Year 12 completers to participate in either campus or employment based VET programs (25.9% compared to 20.7%).

Bachelor Degree study was less common amongst Indigenous Year 12 completers than Of those who did not receive an OP or IBD, non-Indigenous Year 12 completers (19.2% 41.2% were continuing in post-school compared to 40.5%). education or training and a further 36.5% Both Indigenous and non-Indigenous Year 12 transitioned into employment without additional completers had similar rates of transition to education or training. employment with no further education or VET in schools students training (26.3% and 26.2% respectively). In 2016, 60.9% of young people who Indigenous Year 12 completers were more completed Year 12 and participated in the Next likely to be seeking work than non-Indigenous Step survey had received a VET qualification. Year 12 completers at the time of the survey In 2015, the corresponding proportion receiving (24.1% compared to 10.2%). a VET qualification was 61.3%. Queensland Certificate of Education Of all Year 12 completers who participated in the 2016 Next Step survey, 94.7% received a Queensland Certificate of Education (QCE). This is an increase from the 92.7% who participated in the survey in 2015. Of those Year 12 completers who received a QCE, 61.9% entered into further education or training. Bachelor Degree study was the main destination for these young people, accounting for 41.5% of Year 12 completers who received a QCE. Of those who did not receive a QCE, 27.3% transitioned into employment with no further

Next Step Queensland 2016 9

Year 12 completers who obtained a VET Students with disabilities qualification were less likely to enter In 2015, there were 1261 young people with a post-school education or training than those verified disability—in accordance with DET’s who did not obtain a qualification (52.9% ‘Education Adjustment Program’—who compared to 72.7%). However, those with a participated in the Next Step survey. VET qualification had higher rates of transition to VET programs (26.0% compared to 13.0%). Of these students, 36.9% were continuing in post-school education or training after completing Year 12 in 2015. An additional 20.5% were in employment without further education or training. International visa students International visa students demonstrated strong transitions to university studies (51.6%) and to VET Certificate IV or higher courses (12.0%). Caution must be exercised when forming conclusions about the destinations of these Year 12 completers who obtained a VET students due to the small numbers involved qualification were also more likely to enter paid and the low response rate achieved. employment with no further education or Language background other than English training (31.2% compared to 18.5%). Year 12 completers from a Language School-based apprenticeships and background other than English (LBOTE) traineeships demonstrated higher rates of transition to The 2016 Next Step survey found that 12.6% of Bachelor Degree study than those from Year 12 completers had participated in a English-speaking backgrounds (58.0% school-based apprenticeship or traineeship. compared to 38.1%). For the purposes of this These school-based apprentices and trainees publication, international visa students have were more likely to undertake apprenticeships been excluded from the LBOTE classification and traineeships after leaving school than other and are analysed separately. Year 12 completers (25.1% compared to Socioeconomic status 6.4%). Transition to post-school education and training Queensland Certificate of Individual was strongly associated with socioeconomic Achievement status (SES), and increased consistently from The Queensland Certificate of Individual 50.5% for the lowest SES quartile to 70.0% for Achievement (QCIA) recognises the the highest SES quartile. achievements of students who undertake Conversely, the proportion of Year 12 individual learning programs. To be eligible, completers transitioning to employment with no students must have impairments or difficulties further education or training decreased in learning that are not primarily due to consistently from 29.4% for the lowest SES socioeconomic, cultural or linguistic factors. quartile to 21.3% for the highest SES quartile. Among QCIA completers, 23.6% were studying, with a high proportion doing VET Certificate l–II courses (17.9%). Another 17.5% were employed, either in part-time employment (15.4%) or full-time employment (2.1%). A high percentage of young people who received a QCIA were not in the labour force, education or training (33.3%) or seeking work (25.5%).

10 Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 2 – Main destinations of Year 12 completers

This chapter outlines the main education and labour market destinations of students who completed Year 12 at Queensland schools in 2016. This chapter explores the main destinations of Year 12 completers by sex, age, regional differences and Indigenous status. The chapter also examines the education and employment destinations of Year 12 completers, and the different destinations of the young people who defer university study or undertake a gap year.

Main destination As many young people were combining In particular: education and employment, all Year 12 • students undertaking education or training completers have been categorised into their were assigned to the relevant study main destination, be it education, training or category, even if they were also employed employment. or seeking work This recognises the important distinction • apprentices and trainees were assigned to between young people who combine these training categories rather than any of employment with education and those who the VET categories, but it is a given that work because they have followed a labour their training involved study market destination. It also makes the crucial distinction between someone who is a student • those grouped in a labour force destination (studying a degree or VET course) and seeking (employed or seeking work) were not in work and someone who is not a student and education or training seeking work. • there was also a small group who were not Similarly, it recognises the distinction between in the labour force (that is, not employed young people who have entered a training and not seeking work), education or contract with their employer (apprentices and training. This group is referred to as trainees) and those who are students with no NILFET throughout the tables and figures such contract. of this report. To achieve this categorisation, Year 12 Therefore, all employment categories in this completers were grouped in a structured chapter refer only to those young people manner, as outlined in Appendix 2. working who were not in education or training.

Next Step Queensland 2016 11

Figure 2.1 illustrates the main destination of the apprentice (6.3%) or trainee 40 110 Year 12 completers from 2015 who (2.5%). participated in the Next Step survey in 2016. The Year 12 completers who did not enter The survey shows that 60.6% of the young post-school education or training (39.4%), were people who completed Year 12 continued in comprised of those that were employed some recognised form of education or training (26.2%), seeking work (10.7%) or not in the in the year after they left school. The most labour force (that is, neither working nor common destination was Bachelor Degree seeking work), education or training (2.4%). level programs (39.7%), followed by campus- This last group could include those who had based VET (that is, not apprenticeship or deferred a university offer, those with a traineeship) programs (12.2%), with more than disability or health condition, those who were half the campus-based VET students entering travelling, and those who were waiting for their programs at Certificate IV level or higher course or secured employment to commence. (6.9% of all respondents). This group is analysed in greater detail in Employment-based training accounted for Chapter 7. 8.8% of Year 12 completers, either as an

Figure 2.1: Main destination of Year 12 completers, Queensland 2016

17.8% 10.7% VET Categories 2.4% Bachelor Degree (39.7%) VET Cert IV+ (6.9%) 6.9% VET Cert III (2.5%)

8.4% VET Cert I–II/other (2.7%) 2.5% Apprenticeship (6.3%) 20.9% 2.7% Traineeship (2.5%) Full-time employment (8.4%) 6.3% Part-time employment (17.8%) Seeking work (10.7%) 2.5% NILFET (2.4%)

39.7%

Main destination by sex Differences between males and females were Males were more likely than females to be evident in education and training destinations undertaking employment-based training as an as shown in Table 2.1 and Figure 2.2. apprentice (11.1% compared to 1.7% of females) and seeking work (13.1% compared Females were much more likely to enter to 8.4%). Bachelor Degree and VET Certificate IV or higher courses than their male counterparts (44.9% and 8.0% compared to 34.3% and 5.8% respectively).

12 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 2.1: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 6 827 34.3 9 093 44.9 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 1 156 5.8 1 626 8.0 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 299 1.5 721 3.6 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I-II/other 615 3.1 457 2.3 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 2 198 11.1 340 1.7 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 378 1.9 605 3.0 983 2.5

VET Total 4 646 23.4 3 749 18.5 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 1 879 9.5 1 504 7.4 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 3 339 16.8 3 798 18.8 7 137 17.8

Work Total 5 218 26.2 5 302 26.2 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 2 605 13.1 1 700 8.4 4 305 10.7

NILFET 583 2.9 387 1.9 970 2.4

Total 19 879 100.0 20 231 100.0 40 110 100.0

Figure 2.2: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by sex, Queensland 2016

25 % 20

Male Female

Next Step Queensland 2016 13

Main destination by age group At the start of the 2015 school year, the vast Year 12 completers aged 15 years or younger majority (31 682 or 79.0%) of Year 12 students were more likely than older Year 12 completers were 16 years of age. There were 238 students to enrol in a Bachelor Degree (54.6%) (0.6%) aged 15 years or younger, 7744 compared to 41.0% for 16 year olds, 34.3% for students (19.3%) aged 17 years and a further 17 year olds, and 32.1% for those 18 years or 446 students (1.1%) who were 18 years or older. older. Year 12 completers aged 18 years or older Table 2.2 shows the main destination were more likely than younger Year 12 according to these age groups, and allows completers to enter campus-based VET comparison of the destinations of younger Year courses (25.8%) compared to 13.9% for 17 12 completers and mature age Year 12 year olds, 11.5% for completers with those of the typical age group. 16 year olds, and 12.2% for those 15 years or younger.

Table 2.2: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by age group, Queensland 2016 AGE GROUP 15 years or 18 years or 16 years 17 years Main destination younger older no. % no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 130 54.6 12 989 41.0 2 658 34.3 143 32.1

VET

VET Cert IV+ 14 5.9 2 129 6.7 575 7.4 64 14.3

VET Cert III 6 2.5 745 2.4 241 3.1 28 6.3

VET Cert I–II/other 9 3.8 783 2.5 257 3.3 23 5.2

Apprenticeship 7 2.9 1 981 6.3 539 7.0 11 2.5

Traineeship 3 1.3 817 2.6 155 2.0 8 1.8

VET Total 39 16.4 6 455 20.4 1 767 22.8 134 30.0

Work

Full-time employment 13 5.5 2 637 8.3 697 9.0 36 8.1

Part-time employment 30 12.6 5 732 18.1 1 338 17.3 37 8.3

Work Total 43 18.1 8 369 26.4 2 035 26.3 73 16.4

Seeking work 19 8.0 3 221 10.2 994 12.8 71 15.9

NILFET 7 2.9 648 2.0 290 3.7 25 5.6

Total 238 100.0 31 682 100.0 7 744 100.0 446 100.0

14 Next Step Queensland 2016

Main destination by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland There were also differences between the main Queensland (44.7% and 8.0% compared to destination of Year 12 completers from 2015 29.3% and 4.7% respectively). based on the geographical area where they Year 12 completers who attended school in attended school. Regional Queensland were more likely have Figure 2.3 highlights the differences in the made direct entry into employment with no destinations of Year 12 completers who further education or training, or be undertaking attended school in South East Queensland with employment based training than Year 12 those who attended school in Regional completers from South East Queensland Queensland. (32.2% and 11.5% compared to 23.3% and 7.5% respectively). Transitions to Bachelor Degree and VET Certificate IV or higher programs were higher in Chapter 8 provides a more comprehensive South East Queensland compared to Regional analysis on regional differences in post-school destinations.

Figure 2.3: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016

25 % 20

South East Queensland Regional Queensland

Next Step Queensland 2016 15

Main destination by Indigenous status Of the 40 110 Year 12 completers from 2015, compared to 20.7%). Indigenous Year 12 there were 1607 who identified themselves as completers were also more likely to be seeking being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander work, or not in the labour force, education or origin. training than non-Indigenous Year 12 completers. Table 2.3 presents the main destination of Year 12 completers by Indigenous status. Chapter 9 provides a more comprehensive Indigenous Year 12 completers were more analysis of the post-school destinations of likely to be enrolled in VET programs than Indigenous Year 12 completers. non-Indigenous Year 12 completers (25.9%

Table 2.3: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by Indigenous status, Queensland 2016 INDIGENOUS STATUS Indigenous Non-Indigenous Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 308 19.2 15 612 40.5 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 108 6.7 2 674 6.9 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 54 3.4 966 2.5 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 87 5.4 985 2.6 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 94 5.8 2 444 6.3 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 73 4.5 910 2.4 983 2.5

VET Total 416 25.9 7 979 20.7 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 128 8.0 3 255 8.5 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 295 18.4 6 842 17.8 7 137 17.8

Work Total 423 26.3 10 097 26.2 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 388 24.1 3 917 10.2 4 305 10.7

NILFET 72 4.5 898 2.3 970 2.4

Total 1 607 100.0 38 503 100.0 40 110 100.0

Education and employment destinations Table 2.4 presents the labour market Young people in part-time employment were destinations of Year 12 completers by their most likely to be completing a Bachelor Degree study destination. This breakdown provides a (48.2%). Those seeking work were most likely more detailed picture than the main destination to be either not studying (43.1%) or studying a information presented in the previous section. Bachelor Degree (41.1%). For example, Year 12 students in part-time Most Year 12 completers that were not in the employment are subdivided into their study labour force at the time of the survey were destinations; be it Bachelor Degree, VET studying a Bachelor Degree (61.6%). programs, other or not studying. Not surprisingly, the most common scenario among Year 12 completers undertaking an apprenticeship or traineeship was VET Cert III study (66.2% and 54.2% respectively).

16 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 2.4: Study destination of Year 12 completers, by labour force destination, Queensland 2016 LABOUR FORCE DESTINATION Full-time Part-time Seeking Apprenticeship Traineeship NILF Total Study employment employment work destination % % % % % % % Bachelor Degree+ 0.9 8.2 4.8 48.2 41.1 61.6 39.9

VET Cert IV+ 10.6 14.1 3.6 7.3 8.9 9.1 8.0

VET Cert III 66.2 54.2 2.1 2.1 3.7 3.7 8.1

VET Cert I–II 2.0 7.9 0.3 0.7 1.6 1.1 1.2

Other 17.6 10.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 4.9 3.2

Not studying 2.7 5.0 87.8 40.2 43.1 19.5 39.7

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Figure 2.4 presents the same information as Year 12 completers who were not studying Table 2.4, but with proportions of each labour were more likely to be working part-time than force destination within each study destination. full-time (44.9% compared to 21.3%). Bachelor Degree and VET Certificate IV+ It is important to note that these percentages students were most likely to combine study are expressed as a proportion of responding with part-time employment (53.5% and 40.8% Year 12 completers within the various respectively). Additionally, categories. Therefore, this is not comparable to 25.6% of students undertaking a Bachelor labour market statistics on participation or Degree and 28.0% of VET Certificate IV+ unemployment, which are expressed as a students were seeking work. proportion of the entire relevant age cohort, and exclude those not in the labour force. VET Certificate I–II students were more likely to be seeking work (33.5%) or working part-time (24.9%).

Figure 2.4: Labour force destination of Year 12 completers, by study destination Queensland 2016

% 30

0 Bachelor VET Cert IV+ VET Cert III VET Cert I–II Other Not Degree studying

Apprenticeship Traineeship Full-time employment Part-time employment Seeking work NILF

Next Step Queensland 2016 17

Deferring university study In 2016, the Next Step survey asked all Year This alternative approach to reporting the main 12 completers—other than those undertaking a destinations alters the percentages of Year 12 Bachelor Degree at a university—if they applied completers across all main destinations. For for university and how they responded to any example, a small number of Year 12 offer they may have received. completers undertaking a Bachelor Degree at a private training college had also deferred Figure 2.5 reports the main destinations of university study. Year 12 completers, separating out those who reported deferring study at a university. Overall, 3340 (8.3%) Year 12 completers from 2015 deferred such an offer.

Figure 2.5: Main destination of Year 12 completers, including university study deferral, Queensland 2016

9.7% 2.0% VET Categories Bachelor Degree (39.6%) 14.1% 8.3% VET Cert IV+ (6.4%) VET Cert III (2.4%) 6.4% VET Cert I–II/other (2.5%)

6.6% 2.4% Apprenticeship (6.1%)

19.5% 2.5% Traineeship (2.1%) Full-time employment (6.6%) 6.1% Part-time employment (14.1%) Seeking work (9.7%) 2.1% NILFET (2.0%) Deferred (8.3%) 39.6%

Table 2.5 reports rates of deferral by selected Table 2.5: Year 12 completers who key characteristics. Overall, in keeping with the deferred university study, by selected key greater likelihood of females entering Bachelor characteristics, Queensland 2016 Degree level programs, females were more Characteristic no. %a likely to defer university than males (10.3% of Persons 3 340 8.3 all females compared to 6.3% of all males). Male 1 262 6.3

Year 12 completers from Regional Queensland Female 2 078 10.3 were also more likely to defer an offer of a Indigenous 71 4.4 tertiary place than those from South East Non-Indigenous 3 269 8.5 Queensland. LBOTEb 166 5.8

South East Queenslandc 2 088 7.7

Regional Queenslandc 1 252 9.6

a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015.

18 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 2.6 reports the main destination of Year Male deferrers were more likely than female 12 completers from 2015 who deferred deferrers to be seeking work (15.3% compared university study. to 10.3%). Female deferrers were more likely to be undertaken campus-based VET than their The most common main destination for male counterparts (11.3% compared to 8.4%). deferring Year 12 completers was part-time employment (41.1%), followed by full-time employment (21.8%).

Table 2.6: Main destination of Year 12 completers who deferred university study, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 10 0.8 8 0.4 18 0.5

VET

VET Cert IV+ 67 5.3 139 6.7 206 6.2

VET Cert III 15 1.2 57 2.7 72 2.2

VET Cert I-II/other 24 1.9 39 1.9 63 1.9

Apprenticeship 65 5.2 15 0.7 80 2.4

Traineeship 41 3.2 98 4.7 139 4.2

VET Total 212 16.8 348 16.7 560 16.8

Work

Full-time employment 250 19.8 479 23.1 729 21.8

Part-time employment 531 42.1 942 45.3 1 473 44.1

Work Total 781 61.9 1 421 68.4 2 202 65.9

Seeking work 193 15.3 214 10.3 407 12.2

NILFET 66 5.2 87 4.2 153 4.6

Total 1 262 100.0 2 078 100.0 3 340 100.0

On the following page, Figure 2.6 reports the ‘Wanted a break from study’ was the most main reason for not continuing with study given frequent main reason (34.3%), followed by by Year 12 completers who deferred university ‘Undecided and considering options’ (11.4%) study. It is important to note that Figure 2.6 and ‘Wanted to earn own money’ (11.0%). excludes deferrers who were undertaking other study.

Next Step Queensland 2016 19

Figure 2.6: Main reason for not studying of Year 12 completers who deferred university study, Queensland 2016

Wanted a break from study

Undecided and considering options

Wanted to earn own money

Working in order to finance further study

Don't feel ready for study at the moment

Course fees and other costs are a barrier

Waiting for course/training to begin

Work commitments

Health reasons

Would have to move away from home

Sports commitments

Going into, or already in, the armed services

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 %

Taking a gap year Year 12 completers who were not undertaking In most cases Year 12 completers who study at a university were asked if they deferred university study also considered considered themselves to be taking a gap year. themselves to be undertaking a gap year—with For the purpose of the survey, a gap year was 2807 (84.0%) of the 3340 young people who defined as delaying enrolment in university or deferred indicating they were undertaking a other study for a period of time after completing gap year. Year 12. Another important differentiation is that a gap A gap year is a more embracive and informal year could also include delaying other study concept than deferring university study. options such as VET courses. Deferring university study involves a formal Figure 2.7 presents the main destination of all application process. Whereas a gap year can Year 12 completers from 2015 with those often be a conscious decision of a young indicating that they were taking a gap year person to not pursue their intended study identified separately. pathway immediately after completing Year 12 without having gone through a formal Overall, 8235 (20.5%) of Year 12 completers application process. from 2015 considered themselves to be undertaking a gap year.

20 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 2.7: Main destination of Year 12 completers, including gap year, Queensland 2016

1.4% 20.5% 6.8% VET Categories Bachelor Degree (39.7%) VET Cert IV+ (6.4%) VET Cert III (2.1%) 8.0% 6.4% VET Cert I–II/other (2.4%)

2.1% Apprenticeship (6.2%) 4.7% 18.9% 2.4% Traineeship (1.9%) Full-time employment (4.7%)

6.2% Part-time employment (8.0%) Seeking work (6.8%) 1.9% NILFET (1.4%) Gap year (20.5%) 39.7%

Table 2.7 reports rates of Year 12 completers Table 2.7: Year 12 completers who were taking a gap year by selected key undertaking a gap year, by selected key characteristics. As with deferrers, females were characteristics, Queensland 2016 more likely to be undertaking a gap year than Characteristic no. %a males (23.2% of all females compared to Persons 8 235 20.5 17.8% of all males). Male 3 545 17.8

Year 12 completers from Regional Queensland Female 4 690 23.2 were also more likely to be undertaking a gap Indigenous 363 22.6 year than those from South East Queensland Non-Indigenous 7 872 20.4

(24.3% compared to 18.7% respectively). LBOTEb 433 15.1

South East Queenslandc 5 071 18.7

Regional Queenslandc 3 164 24.3

VET qualification 5 324 21.8

SAT 1 064 21.0

QCIA 36 7.0

QCE 7 796 20.5

OP/IBD 4 370 19.6

a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015.

Next Step Queensland 2016 21

Table 2.8 reports the main destination of Year undertaking a Bachelor Degree at an institution 12 completers from 2015 who were other than a university. undertaking a gap year. Male gap year takers were more likely than The most common main destination for Year 12 female gap year takers to be seeking work completers undertaking a gap year was part- (22.7% compared to 16.7%). Female gap year time employment (47.8%). Education or takers were more likely to be in paid training accounted for 10.1% of Year 12 employment than their male counterparts completers undertaking a gap year; this (68.4% compared to 62.3%). includes six young people who were

Table 2.8: Main destination of Year 12 completers who were undertaking a gap year, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 3 0.1 3 0.1 6 0.1

VET

VET Cert IV+ 94 2.7 140 3.0 234 2.8

VET Cert III 54 1.5 120 2.6 174 2.1

VET Cert I-II/other 51 1.4 73 1.6 124 1.5

Apprenticeship 45 1.3 20 0.4 65 0.8

Traineeship 72 2.0 154 3.3 226 2.7

VET Total 316 8.9 507 10.8 823 10.0

Work

Full-time employment 622 17.5 860 18.3 1 482 18.0

Part-time employment 1 587 44.8 2 346 50.0 3 933 47.8

Work Total 2 209 62.3 3 206 68.4 5 415 65.8

Seeking work 803 22.7 785 16.7 1 588 19.3

NILFET 214 6.0 189 4.0 403 4.9

Total 3 545 100.0 4 690 100.0 8 235 100.0

Figure 2.8 highlights the main reason for not Males undertaking a gap year were more likely continuing with study given by Year 12 than female undertaking a gap year to indicate completers who were undertaking a gap year that they were ‘Looking for work/ by sex. It is important to note that Figure 2.8 apprenticeship/traineeship’. excludes those who were undertaking study during their gap year. The most frequent main reasons for not continuing in study were ‘Wanted a break from study’ and ‘Undecided and considering options’. Female gap year takers were also more likely than their male counterparts to provide these as their main reason for not studying.

22 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 2.8: Main reason for not studying of Year 12 completers who were undertaking a gap year, Queensland 2016

Wanted a break from study

Undecided and considering options

Wanted to earn own money

Working in order to finance further study

Don't feel ready for study at the moment

Course fees and other costs are a barrier

Waiting for course/training to begin

Not interested in further study/already finished studying

Looking for work/apprenticeship/traineeship

Work commitments

Going into, or already in, the armed services

Don't meet the entry criteria for the program I want to do

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Male Female %

For the first time in 2016, Year 12 completers or continue in some form of other study or who considered themselves to be taking a gap employment-based training. year were asked to indicate their future work or Females were more likely than males to study intentions. indicate their intention to study at bachelor Figure 2.9 shows almost half (44.5%) of Year degree level (48.4% and 39.4% respectively). 12 completers intended to commence a 23.4% of male respondents indicated their bachelor degree immediately after undertaking intention to enter or continue in employment a gap year. A further 21.1% intended to enter compared to 17.0% of females.

Figure 2.9: Work and study intentions of Year 12 completers after undertaking a gap year, Queensland 2016

Next Step Queensland 2016 23

Chapter 3 – Destinations over time

This chapter presents time series information on the main education and labour market indicators of students who completed Year 12 at Queensland schools over the last 10 years.

Main destination over time Figure 3.1 shows a time series of the main Similarly, after a sharp decline from 2008, the destination of Year 12 completers surveyed proportion of Year 12 completers transitioning from 2007. into full-time employment with no further education or training has recorded little change The proportion of Year 12 completers since 2013. transitioning to Bachelor Degree level study recorded a slight decrease in 2016. Bachelor The proportion in part-time employment or Degree level study remains high and is the seeking work has generally increased over the most popular post-school destination. last 10 years. This trend has been more pronounced for part-time employment in recent Campus-based VET was also marginally lower years. in 2016, primarily through a decline in study at Certificate level IV or higher. Overall, campus- The proportion of young people not in the based VET figures have remained relatively labour force, education or training has stable over the last 10 years. remained relatively stable over the last 10 years. The downward trend in Year 12 completers undertaking employment-based training appears to have stabilised in recent years.

Figure 3.1: Main destination of Year 12 completers, Queensland 2007–2016

% 20

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Next Step Queensland 2016 25

Main destination over time by sex Figures 3.2 and 3.3 compare the main trend for apprenticeships is almost entirely destination of male and female Year 12 attributable to changes in percentage of males completers over the last 10 years. following this pathway after completing Year 12. Both figures generally reflect the same trends seen in Figure 3.1; however the variations in Figure 3.2: Main destination of male Year 12 completers, Queensland 2007–2016

25 % 20

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Figure 3.3: Main destination of female Year 12 completers, Queensland 2007–2016

26 Next Step Queensland 2016

Work and study destinations over time The work and study load options undertaken by There has been a downward trend in the Year 12 completers over the last 10 years are percentage of Year 12 completers not studying presented in Figure 3.4. and in full-time employment. Despite a small decline in 2016, the percentage Over the last 10 years there has been an of Year 12 completers in full-time study and not increase in the percentage of Year 12 working has generally increased over the last completers neither studying nor working. ten years from 15.5% in 2007 to 22.2% in 2016.

Figure 3.4: Work and study load of Year 12 completers, Queensland 2007–2016

15 %

0 Full-time Full-time Full-time Part-time Part-time Part-time Not Not Not study/ study/ study/ study/ study/ study/ studying/ studying/ studying/ full-time part-time not working full-time part-time not working full-time part-time not working work work work work work work

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Next Step Queensland 2016 27

Education and training destinations over time

Level of study Figure 3.5 shows that there has been a gradual The remaining levels of study chosen by Year increase in the percentage of Year 12 12 completers in education or training have completers in education or training undertaking remained relatively stable over the last 10 a Bachelor Degree over the last 10 years with years. subsequent declines across VET Certificate III and lower courses.

Figure 3.5: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, Queensland 2007–2016

% 30

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

28 Next Step Queensland 2016

Field of study The top thirteen fields of study being ‘Engineering and Related Technologies’, once undertaken by Year 12 in education or training the most popular field of study for those are highlighted in Figure 3.6. undertaking further education or training has shown a decline since peaking in 2012. In 2016, ‘Health’ was the most common field of study for Year 12 completers. This follows a There has also been a decrease over the last steady increase in this field over the last 10 10 years in the percentage of Year 12 years, moving up from the fourth most common completers undertaking education or training in study field in 2007. the ‘Management and Commerce’ field of study.

Figure 3.6: Field of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, Queensland 2007–2016

% 9

0 Health Society and Management Engineering and Creative Arts Natural and Education Culture and Commerce Related Physical Technologies Sciences

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Next Step Queensland 2016 29

Employment destinations over time

Labour force destination Figure 3.7 shows the labour force destination of As indicated in Chapter 2, it is important to note Year 12 completers surveyed between 2007 that these percentages are expressed as a and 2016, regardless of their study status. proportion of responding Year 12 completers within the various categories and are not While showing signs of stabilisation in recent comparable to labour market statistics on years, there has been a general move away participation or unemployment. from apprenticeships, traineeships and full-time work and an increase in the proportion of Year 12 completers seeking work over the last 10 years.

Figure 3.7: Labour force destination of Year 12 completers, Queensland 2007–2016

% 20

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

30 Next Step Queensland 2016

Occupation In 2013, the Next Step survey adopted the employment, regardless of study status, over Australian and New Zealand Standard the last four years. Classification of Occupations to collect and The percentage of both male and female Year report on occupations. Appendix 5 presents the 12 completers working as ‘Sales Workers’ has overview of the new occupation classification. decreased in the last year. Figures 3.8 and 3.9 show the Occupational Major Groups of Year 12 completers in Figure 3.8: Occupational Major Group of male Year 12 completers in employment, Queensland 2013–2016

30 %

0 Technicians Sales Workers Labourers Community Machinery Clerical and Professionals Managers and Trades and Personal Operators and Administrative Workers Service Drivers Workers Workers 2013 2014 2015 2016

Figure 3.9: Occupational Major Group of female Year 12 completers in employment, Queensland 2013–2016

30 %

0 Sales Workers Community Labourers Clerical and Technicians Professionals Managers Machinery and Personal Administrative and Trades Operators and Service Workers Workers Drivers Workers 2013 2014 2015 2016

Next Step Queensland 2016 31

Industry of employment The top seven industries of employment, for ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ and both males and females, between 2008 and ‘Retail Trade’ have consistently been the two 2016 are presented in Figures 3.10 and 3.11. top industries of employment for both male and female Year 12 completers over the last eight Prior to 2008, industry information was years. collected using a previous version of the Australian and New Zealand Standard The ‘Construction’ and ‘Health Care and Social Industrial Classification which is not Assistance‘ industries were the third most comparable with the current version of the common area of employment for males and classification. females respectively. Figure 3.10: Selected Industries of male Year 12 completers in employment, Queensland 2008–2016

30 %

0 Accommodation Retail Trade Construction Manufacturing Other Services Arts and Agriculture, and Food Recreation Forestry and Services Services Fishing 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Figure 3.11: Selected Industries of female Year 12 completers in employment, Queensland 2008–2016

32 Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 4 – Education and training destinations

This chapter examines the education and training outcomes of Year 12 completers from 2015. Initially, all Year 12 completers who were participating in post-school education or training are examined; the remaining sections focus on students studying a Bachelor Degree or campus-based VET course and exclude apprentices and trainees. More details about the education and training destinations of apprentices and trainees can be found in Chapter 6. This chapter also explores the differences between working and non-working students in order to investigate the different study choices and patterns exercised by students in different economic and social situations.

All Year 12 completers in education or training Table 4.1 shows that of the 40 110 Next Step indicated during the survey that they had survey respondents, 24 197 (60.3%) were already completed the training component of continuing in some form of education or training their apprenticeship or traineeship. Most of the approximately six months after they left school. 25 146 working Year 12 completers were also This excludes the 118 young people who studying (57.7%).

Table 4.1: Study destination of Year 12 completers, by labour force destination, Queensland 2016 STUDY DESTINATION Studying Not studying Total Labour force destination no. % no. % no. % Work

Apprenticeship or traineeshipa 3 403 96.6 118 3.4 3 521 100.0

Other 11 105 51.4 10 520 48.6 21 625 100.0

Work Total 14 508 57.7 10 638 42.3 25 146 100.0

Seeking work 5 690 56.9 4 305 43.1 9 995 100.0

NILF 3 999 80.5 970 19.5 4 969 100.0

Total 24 197 60.3 15 913 39.7 40 110 100.0 a There were 118 apprentices and trainees who indicated they had already completed the study component of their program.

Next Step Queensland 2016 33

Table 4.2 shows the education and training Year 12 completers who were studying full-time destinations of Year 12 completers from 2015 were much more likely to be studying a based on whether they were studying in a Bachelor Degree level course (82.3%). full-time or part-time capacity, including Those studying part-time were more likely to be apprentices and trainees. It is important to note studying a VET level course (81.1%), with VET that some universities converted a number of Certificate III courses being the most common four year Bachelor Degree programs into (49.9%). This distinction can be attributed to Honours programs in 2015 which has the level of study and study load choices of increased the prevalence of Honours degrees. apprentices and trainees who combine work with study.

Table 4.2: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by study load, Queensland 2016 STUDY LOADa Full-time Part-time Total Level of study no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree (Honours) 55 0.3 1 0.0 56 0.2

Bachelor Degree 15 445 82.3 522 9.6 15 967 66.0

VET

Associate Degree 103 0.5 22 0.4 125 0.5

Advanced Diploma 65 0.3 19 0.4 84 0.3

Diploma 1 727 9.2 567 10.4 2 294 9.5

VET Certificate IV 234 1.2 452 8.3 686 2.8

VET Certificate III 526 2.8 2 707 49.9 3 233 13.4

VET Certificate II 136 0.7 258 4.8 394 1.6

VET Certificate I 29 0.2 51 0.9 80 0.3

VET unspecified 41 0.2 323 6.0 364 1.5

VET Total 2 861 15.2 4 399 81.1 7 260 30.0

Other 409 2.2 505 9.3 914 3.8

Total 18 770 100.0 5 427 100.0 24 197 100.0 a Includes apprentices and trainees.

Unless stated otherwise, for the remainder of illustrate the different study choices for this chapter the 3521 Year 12 completers campus-based VET and Bachelor Degree undertaking an apprenticeship or traineeship students. have been excluded from the analysis to

Education and training by sex Table 4.3 presents the study destinations of all based VET course, compared to 8897 males male and female Year 12 completers who were (44.8% of all males). studying a Bachelor Degree or campus-based The proportions of males and females enrolled VET course. in the various levels of study were very similar. While the proportions of males and females The most likely study destination was a studying, including apprentices and trainees, Bachelor degree (76.3% of all students in were similar in Chapter 2, differences were campus-based education or training). evident for males and females who chose Of the 20.5% of Year 12 completers non-employment-based VET study programs. undertaking a campus-based VET program, There were 11 897 females (58.8% of all most were enrolled in a Diploma course females) doing a Bachelor Degree or campus- (10.6%) followed by VET Certificate III (4.9%).

34 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 4.3: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEXa Male Female Total Level of study no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree (Honours) 31 0.3 24 0.2 55 0.3

Bachelor Degree 6 796 76.4 9 069 76.2 15 865 76.3

VET

Associate Degree 70 0.8 45 0.4 115 0.6

Advanced Diploma 31 0.3 48 0.4 79 0.4

Diploma 890 10.0 1 304 11.0 2 194 10.6

VET Certificate IV 165 1.9 229 1.9 394 1.9

VET Certificate III 299 3.4 721 6.1 1 020 4.9

VET Certificate II 201 2.3 89 0.7 290 1.4

VET Certificate I 44 0.5 10 0.1 54 0.3

VET unspecified 50 0.6 61 0.5 111 0.5

VET Total 1 750 19.7 2 507 21.1 4 257 20.5

Other 320 3.6 297 2.5 617 3.0

Total 8 897 100.0 11 897 100.0 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees. Study load Table 4.4 presents the level of study of Year 12 The majority of these students were studying completers who were studying a Bachelor full-time (90.3%). Almost all Bachelor Degree Degree or campus-based VET program based students were studying full-time (97.4%) and all on whether they were studying full-time or Bachelor Degree (Honours) students were part-time. studying full-time.

Table 4.4: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by study load, Queensland 2016 STUDY LOADa Full-time Part-time Total Level of study no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree (Honours) 55 100.0 0 0.0 55 100.0

Bachelor Degree 15 445 97.4 420 2.6 15 865 100.0

VET

Associate Degree 103 89.6 12 10.4 115 100.0

Advanced Diploma 65 82.3 14 17.7 79 100.0

Diploma 1 727 78.7 467 21.3 2 194 100.0

VET Certificate IV 234 59.4 160 40.6 394 100.0

VET Certificate III 526 51.6 494 48.4 1 020 100.0

VET Certificate II 136 46.9 154 53.1 290 100.0

VET Certificate I 29 53.7 25 46.3 54 100.0

VET unspecified 41 36.9 70 63.1 111 100.0

VET Total 2 861 67.2 1 396 32.8 4 257 100.0

Other 409 66.3 208 33.7 617 100.0

Total 18 770 90.3 2 024 9.7 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees.

Next Step Queensland 2016 35

Figure 4.1 presents the same information as Overwhelmingly (82.6%) most students Table 4.4, but shows the proportion of each undertaking full-time study are doing so at the study level within the two study loads. Bachelor Degree or higher level. Due to the low number of Year 12 completers Part-time study is more evenly distributed undertaking Bachelor Degree (Honours) across all campus-based study, with VET programs, these have been combined with Certificate III (24.4%) and Diploma (23.1%) Bachelor Degree in Figure 4.1. courses being the most common.

Figure 4.1: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by study load, Queensland 2016

% 40

Full-time study Part-time study

* Includes Bachelor Degree (Honours) programs.

Field of study The field of study entered by Year 12 ‘Double Field of Study’, undertaken by 11.4% completers in campus-based education or of Year 12 completers, refers to Bachelor training is shown in Figure 4.2. Degree students undertaking double degrees, for example, Business/Law. The three most common fields of study entered by Year 12 completers were ‘Health’ (18.7%), The field of study categories are based on the ‘Society and Culture’ (13.9%) and Australian Standard Classification of Education; ‘Management and Commerce’ (12.0%), and Appendix 3 contains an explanation of the accounted for 44.6% of all enrolments. types of courses included in each field of study.

36 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 4.2: Field of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, Queensland 2016

Health Society and Culture Management and Commerce Creative Arts Natural and Physical Sciences Engineering and Related Technologies Education Information Technology Food, Hospitality and Personal Services Architecture and Building Mixed Field Programs Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies Double Field of Study Other

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 %

Table 4.5 highlights the differences in students’ The remaining fields had little differences choices by sex across different study fields. between males and females studying Bachelor Degree and campus-based VET programs. Males were more likely than females to enrol in ‘Engineering and Related Technologies’ and Males and females also had similar transition ‘Information Technology’ programs. rates into programs with a double field of study (11.5% and 11.3% respectively). Females were more likely than males to enrol in the fields of ‘Health’, ‘Society and Culture’ and ‘Education’.

Table 4.5: Field of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEXa Male Female Total Field of study no. no. % no. % Health 1 006 11.3 2 883 24.2 3 889 18.7

Society and Culture 1 028 11.6 1 858 15.6 2 886 13.9

Management and Commerce 1 179 13.3 1 317 11.1 2 496 12.0

Creative Arts 774 8.7 1 175 9.9 1 949 9.4

Natural and Physical Sciences 770 8.7 890 7.5 1 660 8.0

Engineering and Related Technologies 1 404 15.8 249 2.1 1 653 7.9

Education 289 3.2 1 019 8.6 1 308 6.3

Information Technology 687 7.7 75 0.6 762 3.7

Food, Hospitality and Personal Services 114 1.3 460 3.9 574 2.8

Architecture and Building 276 3.1 223 1.9 499 2.4

Mixed Field Programs 160 1.8 160 1.3 320 1.5

Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies 95 1.1 159 1.3 254 1.2

Double Field of Study 1 023 11.5 1 343 11.3 2 366 11.4

Other 92 1.0 86 0.7 178 0.9

Total 8 897 100.0 11 897 100.0 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees.

Next Step Queensland 2016 37

Table 4.6 explores the study fields for Bachelor enrolments for students in VET Certificate IV Degree and campus-based VET students in programs. terms of the different types of courses available The top three fields of study for students in in these fields. Diploma programs were ‘Creative Arts’ The majority of students in VET Certificate I (16.6%), 'Management and Commerce’ programs were studying in the field of (16.0%) and ‘Society and Culture’ (15.5%). ‘Architecture and Building’ (42.6%). Students studying at an Associate Degree or Students in VET Certificate II were Advanced Diploma level were concentrated in predominately enrolled in ‘Engineering and 'Management and Commerce' programs Related Technologies’ programs (44.8%). (22.7%). The top two fields of study for students in VET Bachelor Degree students were most likely to Certificate III programs were ‘Food, Hospitality enrol in the fields of ‘Health’ (20.3%), ' Double and Personal Services’ (17.6%) and ‘Health’ Field of Study' (14.3%) and ‘Society and (17.1%). Culture’ (13.8%). ‘Society and Culture’ (30.5%) and ‘Health’ (21.1%) had the highest proportion of Table 4.6: Field of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by level of study, Queensland 2016 LEVEL OF STUDYa Bachelor Assoc Deg VET VET VET VET b c Diploma Field of study Degree /Adv Dip Cert IV Cert III Cert II Cert I % % % % % % % Health 20.3 9.3 14.4 21.1 17.1 3.4 3.7

Society and Culture 13.8 7.7 15.5 30.5 13.6 3.8 5.6

Management and Commerce 11.6 22.7 16.0 15.5 12.5 10.3 1.9

Creative Arts 8.7 18.0 16.6 10.7 5.9 3.4 3.7

Natural and Physical Sciences 9.9 7.2 1.3 2.0 1.0 0.0 0.0

Engineering and Related Technologies 8.4 18.6 2.6 3.6 3.5 44.8 16.7

Education 5.8 2.1 7.4 3.3 15.7 1.0 1.9

Information Technology 3.3 4.1 7.5 0.3 3.8 1.4 3.7

Food, Hospitality and Personal Services 0.2 3.1 11.7 5.6 17.6 14.5 13.0

Architecture and Building 2.4 1.5 2.8 1.3 1.1 2.1 42.6

Agriculture, Environmental and Related 0.8 0.0 0.4 1.0 7.1 11.0 0.0 Studies Mixed Field Programs 0.1 3.1 0.9 2.5 0.4 3.1 5.6

Double Field of Study 14.3 2.1 2.2 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.0

Other 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.8 0.7 0.7 1.9

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees. b Includes Bachelor Degree (Honours) programs. c Associate Degree or Advanced Diploma.

38 Next Step Queensland 2016

Study provider ‘Study provider’ refers to the type of institution Private training colleges formed the next that students attended for their post-school largest provider by share (8.6%), while the study. The type of study provider that Year 12 remaining types of study providers attracted completers from 2015 attended is presented in fewer campus-based students. Table 4.7. This table shows that universities (78.3%) and TAFE institutes (11.2%) were the two largest providers of study to Year 12 completers in campus-based study.

Table 4.7: Study provider of Year 12 completers in education or training, Queensland 2016 Study providera no. % University 16 282 78.3 TAFE 2 329 11.2 Private training college 1 796 8.6 Secondary school 126 0.6 Training provided at work 60 0.3 Adult and community education provider 50 0.2 Armed Forces 42 0.2 Agricultural college 18 0.1 Other 91 0.4

Total 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees.

On the following page, Table 4.8 presents a There are numerous private training colleges more detailed list of the post-schooling and other institutions that provide education institutions attended in 2016 by Year 12 and training to Year 12 completers. Some of completers from 2015. the larger institutions have been listed separately, while smaller institutions that Year Not surprisingly, the three largest universities in 12 completers were studying at have been South East Queensland— Queensland combined as ‘Other private training college’ University of Technology , The University of and accounted for 43.3% of other institutions. Queensland and Griffith University—accounted for 66.2% of all university attendance or 51.9% of attendance at all institutions. Following reforms to the TAFE system in Queensland, a number of institutions within the Brisbane area amalgamated to become TAFE Queensland Brisbane. As a consequence TAFE Queensland Brisbane accounted for 52.0% of all attendance at TAFE institutions.

Next Step Queensland 2016 39

Table 4.8: Post-school institution of Year 12 completers in education or training, Queensland 2016 Institution type Overall Post-school institutiona no. % % University

Queensland University of Technology 3 956 24.3 19.0

The University of Queensland 3 691 22.7 17.8

Griffith University 3 135 19.3 15.1

James Cook Universityb 1 125 6.9 5.4

University of the Sunshine Coast 1 044 6.4 5.0

CQUniversityb 762 4.7 3.7

Australian Catholic Universityb 758 4.7 3.6

University of Southern Queensland 686 4.2 3.3

Bond University 156 1.0 0.8

Southern Cross Universityb 130 0.8 0.6

Interstate university 688 4.2 3.3

Other/Unspecified Queensland university 151 0.9 0.7

University Total 16 282 100.0 78.3 TAFE

TAFE Queensland Brisbane 1 212 52.0 5.8

TAFE Queensland Gold Coast 238 10.2 1.1

TAFE Queensland East Coast 212 9.1 1.0

TAFE Queensland North 180 7.7 0.9

TAFE Queensland South West 176 7.6 0.8

CQUniversity (TAFE program) 119 5.1 0.6

TAFE Queensland SkillsTech 75 3.2 0.4

Interstate TAFE 49 2.1 0.2

Other/Unspecified Queensland TAFE 68 2.9 0.3

TAFE Total 2 329 100.0 11.2 Other institution

Other private training college 946 43.3 4.5

Secondary school 136 6.2 0.7

SAE (Qantm College) 129 5.9 0.6

Dance/performing arts (e.g. Harvest Rain Theatre Company) 126 5.8 0.6

Hair and makeup training (e.g. National Academy of Beauty) 105 4.8 0.5

Open Colleges 102 4.7 0.5

Fitness training (e.g. Australian Institute of Fitness) 90 4.1 0.4

JMC Academy 67 3.1 0.3

Careers Australia 60 2.7 0.3

Evocca College 54 2.5 0.3

Armed Forces 45 2.1 0.2

Australian Institute of Creative Design 40 1.8 0.2

Aviation Australia 27 1.2 0.1

Fast-food restaurant (e.g. McDonalds) 17 0.8 0.1

Trade training school 13 0.6 0.1

Endeavour College of Natural Health 9 0.4 0.0

Australian Institute of Applied Science 7 0.3 0.0

REIQ 6 0.3 0.0

Busy At Work 5 0.2 0.0

Work Skills 4 0.2 0.0

Other 195 8.9 0.9

Other institution Total 2 183 100.0 10.5

Total 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees. b Includes students at Queensland campuses only. Students at interstate campuses are included under Interstate university.

40 Next Step Queensland 2016

Working and non-working students The labour market destinations of Year 12 show that, overall, 53.4% of all students completers are discussed in detail in Chapter 5. combined their campus-based study with some However, this section compares the aspects of form of employment. the study patterns of the 11 105 campus-based The proportion of students working was higher students who were working, with that of the as the level of study increased, ranging from 9689 campus-based students who were not 37.5% for VET Certificate I–II level programs to working. 55.0% for Bachelor Degree study. Table 4.9 shows the proportions of these groups within each level of study. These figures

Table 4.9: Student work status of Year 12 completers in education or training, by level of study, Queensland 2016 STUDENT WORK STATUSa Working Non-working Total Level of study student student no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degreeb 8 753 55.0 7 167 45.0 15 920 100.0

VET Certificate IV+ 1 438 51.7 1 344 48.3 2 782 100.0

VET Certificate III 461 45.2 559 54.8 1 020 100.0

VET Certificate I–II 129 37.5 215 62.5 344 100.0

Other 324 44.5 404 55.5 728 100.0

Total 11 105 53.4 9 689 46.6 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees. b Includes Bachelor Degree (Honours) programs.

Table 4.10 presents a different view of the data non-working students, with working students in Table 4.9, with proportions of each study more likely than non-working students to be level within working and non-working students. enrolled in a Bachelor Degree (78.8% compared to 74.0%). The levels of study undertaken by working students were similar to the proportions for

Table 4.10: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by student work status, Queensland 2016 STUDENT WORK STATUSa Working Non-working Total Level of study student student no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degreeb 8 753 78.8 7 167 74.0 15 920 76.6

VET Certificate IV+ 1 438 12.9 1 344 13.9 2 782 13.4

VET Certificate III 461 4.2 559 5.8 1 020 4.9

VET Certificate I–II 129 1.2 215 2.2 344 1.7

Other 324 2.9 404 4.2 728 3.5

Total 11 105 100.0 9 689 100.0 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees. b Includes Bachelor Degree (Honours) programs.

Next Step Queensland 2016 41

Figure 4.3 shows the level of study patterns for There were only slight differences between male and female working and non-working males and females, with similar patterns for students, excluding apprentices and trainees. both working and non-working students.

Figure 4.3: Level of study of working and non-working students in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016

80 Working students Non-working students

% 40

0 Bachelor VET VET VET Other Bachelor VET VET VET Other Degree Cert IV+ Cert III Cert I–II Degree Cert IV+ Cert III Cert I–II

Male Female

Table 4.11 compares the study load of both Young people studying part-time were more working and non-working students. Regardless likely to also be working (61.5%) than those of study load, Year 12 completers in education with a full-time study load (52.5%). or training were more likely to be combining work with their study (53.4% of all Year 12 completers in education or training, compared to 46.6% of students who were not working).

Table 4.11: Student work status of Year 12 completers in education and training, by study load, Queensland 2016 STUDY LOADa Full-time Part-time Total Student work status no. % no. % no. % Working student 9 861 52.5 1 244 61.5 11 105 53.4

Non-working student 8 909 47.5 780 38.5 9 689 46.6

Total 18 770 100.0 2 024 100.0 20 794 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees.

42 Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 5 – Employment destinations

This chapter examines the labour market outcomes of Year 12 completers from 2015 in Queensland. Initially, all Year 12 completers who were in the workforce are examined. The remaining sections focus on Year 12 completers who were employed by whether they were engaged on a casual or permanent basis and by whether they were undertaking further education or training—these remaining sections exclude apprentices and trainees. More details about the employment destinations of apprentices and trainees can be found in Chapter 6.

All Year 12 completers in employment Most young people who completed Year 12 in Table 5.1 summarises the study and labour 2015 entered the workforce, whether or not force destinations of 2015 of Year 12 they were undertaking further education or completers. Ignoring education or training training. status, there were 25 146 (62.7%) Year 12 completers lkworking at the time of the survey.

Table 5.1: Labour force destination of Year 12 completers, by study destination, Queensland 2016 STUDY DESTINATION Studying Not studying Total Labour force destination no. % no. % no. % Work

Apprenticeship or traineeshipa 3 403 14.1 118 0.7 3 521 8.8

Other 11 105 45.9 10 520 66.1 21 625 53.9

Work Total 14 508 60.0 10 638 66.9 25 146 62.7

Seeking work 5 690 23.5 4 305 27.1 9 995 24.9

NILF 3 999 16.5 970 6.1 4 969 12.4

Total 24 197 100.0 15 913 100.0 40 110 100.0 a There were 118 apprentices and trainees who indicated they had already completed the study component of their program.

Next Step Queensland 2016 43

Differences were evident between males and Conversely, male Year 12 completers in females in relation to part-time work and employment were more likely to have apprenticeships, as shown in Figure 5.1. commenced an apprenticeship (18.4% Female Year 12 completers in employment compared to 2.6% for females). were more likely than their male counterparts to be working in part-time jobs (79.2% compared to 61.4%).

Figure 5.1: Work destination of Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016

% 40

0 Apprenticeship Traineeship Full-time employment Part-time employment Male Female

Table 5.2 presents a more detailed breakdown Overall, females were more likely to be in of the work destinations of Year 12 completers casual employment than males (75.2% in employment. The table highlights the compared to 62.0%), although males were differences in Year 12 completers who combine slightly more likely to be doing so if they were their employment with education or training not undertaking any further education or with those who do not and whether Year 12 training. completers were employed in a permanent or Females were also more likely than males to casual capacity. be combining further education or training with As indicated in Figure 5.1, male Year 12 their employment (52.6% compared to 34.9%). completers were more likely to be undertaking an apprenticeship than their female counterparts, and this influences male participation in other forms of employment.

44 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 5.2: Detailed work destination of Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Work destination no. % no. % no. % Apprenticeship 2 198 18.4 340 2.6 2 538 10.1

Traineeship 378 3.2 605 4.6 983 3.9

Working and in further education or training Permanent employmenta 486 4.1 901 6.8 1 387 5.5

Casual employment 3 697 30.9 6 021 45.7 9 718 38.6 Working and in further education or training total 4 183 34.9 6 922 52.6 11 105 44.2 Working and not in further education or training

Permanent employmenta 1 488 12.4 1 415 10.7 2 903 11.5 Casual employment 3 730 31.1 3 887 29.5 7 617 30.3 Working and not in further education or training total 5 218 43.6 5 302 40.3 10 520 41.8

Total 11 977 100.0 13 169 100.0 25 146 100.0 a Includes Year 12 completers for whom casual employment status was unknown.

Table 5.3 reports the occupational groups of completers in employment were combining Year 12 completers in employment by sex. work and further education or training (refer Occupation categories are based on the Table 4.1). Australian and New Zealand Standard Important differences in the occupations of Classification of Occupations and are Year 12 completers are evident when presented in Appendix 5. compared by sex. It shows that 36.9% of employed Year 12 Males were more likely than females to be completers were concentrated in just one working as ‘Labourers’, ‘Technicians and occupational group—‘Sales Workers’. Trades Workers’ or ‘Machinery Operators and The other main occupations were ‘Community Drivers’. and Personal Service Workers’ (18.5%) and Females were more likely than males to be ‘Labourers’ (17.4%). working as ‘Sales Workers’, ‘Community and In considering these findings, it should be Personal Service Workers’ or ‘Clerical and noted that 14 508 (57.7%) of Year 12 Administrative Workers’.

Table 5.3: Occupational Major Group of Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Occupation - Major Group no. % no. % no. % Sales Workers 3 107 25.9 6 183 47.0 9 290 36.9

Community and Personal Service Workers 1 360 11.4 3 293 25.0 4 653 18.5

Labourers 2 990 25.0 1 379 10.5 4 369 17.4

Technicians and Trades Workers 3 224 26.9 668 5.1 3 892 15.5

Clerical and Administrative Workers 334 2.8 1 095 8.3 1 429 5.7

Professionals 310 2.6 344 2.6 654 2.6

Machinery Operators and Drivers 500 4.2 89 0.7 589 2.3

Managers 104 0.9 92 0.7 196 0.8

Other 48 0.4 26 0.2 74 0.3

Total 11 977 100.0 13 169 100.0 25 146 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 45

Figure 5.2 shows the occupational groups of are: ‘Clerical and Administrative Workers’ Year 12 completers in employment by the type (22.4%), ‘Sales Workers’ (22.3%) and of employment being undertaken. ‘Community and Personal Service Workers’ (21.8%). The overwhelming majority of Year 12 completers undertaking an apprenticeship were Year 12 completers undertaking other forms of employed in the ‘Technicians and Trades employment were concentrated in three Workers’ occupational group (91.4%). occupational groups: ‘Sales Workers’ (41.9%), ‘Community and Personal Service Workers’ Year 12 completers who were participating in a (20.3%) and ‘Labourers’ (19.3%). traineeship were spread more evenly over the occupational groups, although three occupational groups stand out. These groups

Figure 5.2: Occupational Major Group of Year 12 completers in employment, by employment type, Queensland 2016

Sales Workers

Community and Personal Service Workers

Labourers

Technicians and Trades Workers

Clerical and Administrative Workers

Professionals

Machinery Operators and Drivers

Managers

Other

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Apprentice Trainee Other employment %

In addition to occupation, Year 12 completers These two industries were the most common provided details of the industry in which their for both male and female Year 12 completers in employment takes place. Industry categories employment, accounting for 50.3% of males are based on the Australian and New Zealand and 68.7% of females. Standard Industrial Classification, and are presented in Appendix 4. Table 5.4 details the industry categories for employed Year 12 completers and shows high percentages of young people working in just two industry areas; ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ (34.6%) and ‘Retail Trade‘ (25.3%).

46 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 5.4: Industry category of Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Industry category no. % no. % no. % Accommodation and Food Services 3 477 29.0 5 214 39.6 8 691 34.6

Retail Trade 2 542 21.2 3 828 29.1 6 370 25.3

Construction 1 883 15.7 131 1.0 2 014 8.0

Health Care and Social Assistance 196 1.6 920 7.0 1 116 4.4

Arts and Recreation Services 522 4.4 568 4.3 1 090 4.3

Other Services 592 4.9 398 3.0 990 3.9

Education and Training 358 3.0 560 4.3 918 3.7

Manufacturing 630 5.3 253 1.9 883 3.5

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 388 3.2 190 1.4 578 2.3

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 247 2.1 272 2.1 519 2.1

Public Administration and Safety 282 2.4 160 1.2 442 1.8

Administrative and Support Services 147 1.2 170 1.3 317 1.3

Transport, Postal and Warehousing 219 1.8 88 0.7 307 1.2

Information Media and Telecommunications 110 0.9 111 0.8 221 0.9

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 71 0.6 115 0.9 186 0.7

Mining 106 0.9 24 0.2 130 0.5

Financial and Insurance Services 41 0.3 76 0.6 117 0.5

Wholesale Trade 62 0.5 39 0.3 101 0.4

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 46 0.4 15 0.1 61 0.2

Other 58 0.5 37 0.3 95 0.4

Total 11 977 100.0 13 169 100.0 25 146 100.0

On the following page, Figure 5.3 shows the ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ (26.7%) industry categories of Year 12 completers in and ‘Health Care and Social Assistance’ employment by the type of employment being (11.5%) industries. undertaken. As with Table 5.4, Year 12 completers in other Similar to occupations, Year 12 completers types of employment were predominately undertaking an apprenticeship were heavily working in just two industry areas; concentrated in one industry, ‘Construction’ ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ (38.2%) (45.1%). and ‘Retail Trade’ (28.6%). Year 12 completers participating in a traineeship were most commonly working in the

Next Step Queensland 2016 47

Figure 5.3: Industry category of Year 12 completers in employment, by employment type, Queensland 2016

Accommodation and Food Services

Retail Trade

Construction

Health Care and Social Assistance

Arts and Recreation Services

Other Services

Education and Training

Manufacturing

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services

Public Administration and Safety

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Apprentice Trainee Other employment %

For the remainder of this chapter, the 3521 Male Year 12 completers were more likely than Year 12 completers undertaking an Females to be working as ‘Labourers’, apprenticeship or traineeship have been ‘Technicians and Trades Workers’ and excluded from the analysis to illustrate the ‘Machinery Operators and Drivers’. difference in work force choices of other Year Female Year 12 completers were more likely 12 completers. More details about the than their male peers to be working as ‘Sales employment destinations of apprentices and Workers’, ‘Community and Personal Service trainees can be found in Chapter 6. Workers’ and ‘Clerical and Administrative Figure 5.4 reports the occupational groups of Workers’. Year 12 completers in employment by sex.

Figure 5.4: Occupational Major Group of Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016

Sales Workers

Community and Personal Service Workers

Labourers

Technicians and Trades Workers

Clerical and Administrative Workers

Professionals

Machinery Operators and Drivers

Managers

Other

0 10 20 30 40 50 Male Female %

48 Next Step Queensland 2016

The differences in industry categories by sex Females were also more likely to be in ‘Heath can be seen in Figure 5.5 and shows that the Care and Social Assistance’ (6.5% compared two main industry categories were the same for to 2.0%). both males and females. Male Year 12 completers in employment were However, females were more likely than males more likely to be employed in the industries of to be in both of these industries; 40.8% ‘Construction’ (7.6% compared to 0.8% of compared to 34.9% for ‘Accommodation and females), and ‘Agriculture, Forestry and Food Services’ and 30.7% compared to 25.8% Fishing’ (3.6% compared to 1.5%). for ‘Retail Trade’.

Figure 5.5: Industry categories of Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016

Accommodation and Food Services

Retail Trade

Arts and Recreation Services

Health Care and Social Assistance

Education and Training

Construction

Manufacturing

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

Other Services

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services

Administrative and Support Services

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Male Female %

Permanent and Casual workers Permanent workers are employed on an Casual workers are not employed on a ongoing basis until the employer or employee permanent basis and can generally end ends the employment relationship by providing employment without notice. Casual workers are the required period of notice. Permanent not guaranteed regular hours of work and tend workers can expect to work regular hours each to work irregular hours. Casual workers are not week and are entitled to paid sick leave and entitled to paid sick or annual leave and they annual leave. Excluding apprentices or usually receive a higher rate of pay to trainees, there were 4290 Year 12 completers compensate for this. Overall, there were 17 335 in permanent employment. Year 12 completers who were employed on a casual basis, which accounts for 80.2 % of the 21 625 Year 12 completers in paid employment.

Next Step Queensland 2016 49

Table 5.5 shows the male and female was more common for female Year 12 distribution of Year 12 completers in completers (59.4% compared to 48.7% of employment by their workload, study status males). and employment type. Male Year 12 completers in permanent Overall, 54.8% of Year 12 completers in casual employment were more likely to be working full- employment were combining part-time work time and not be in further education or training and further education or training. This scenario (51.4% compared to 38.3% of females).

Table 5.5: Sex, workload and study status of Year 12 completers in employment, by employment type, Queensland 2016 EMPLOYMENT TYPE a b Workload and Permanent Casual Total Sex study status no. % no. % no. % Male

Working and in further education or training Full-time employment 96 4.9 78 1.1 174 1.9 Part-time employment 390 19.8 3 619 48.7 4 009 42.6 Working and in further education or training total 486 24.6 3 697 49.8 4 183 44.5 Working and not in further education or training Full-time employment 1 014 51.4 865 11.6 1 879 20.0 Part-time employment 474 24.0 2 865 38.6 3 339 35.5 Working and not in further education or training total 1 488 75.4 3 730 50.2 5 218 55.5 Male total 1 974 100.0 7 427 100.0 9 401 100.0 Female Working and in further education or training Full-time employment 162 7.0 132 1.3 294 2.4 Part-time employment 739 31.9 5 889 59.4 6 628 54.2 Working and in further education or training total 901 38.9 6 021 60.8 6 922 56.6 Working and not in further education or training Full-time employment 887 38.3 617 6.2 1 504 12.3 Part-time employment 528 22.8 3 270 33.0 3 798 31.1 Working and not in further education or training total 1 415 61.1 3 887 39.2 5 302 43.4 Female total 2 316 100.0 9 908 100.0 12 224 100.0 Total

Working and in further education or training Full-time employment 258 6.0 210 1.2 468 2.2 Part-time employment 1 129 26.3 9 508 54.8 10 637 49.2 Working and in further education or training total 1 387 32.3 9 718 56.1 11 105 51.4 Working and not in further education or training Full-time employment 1 901 44.3 1 482 8.5 3 383 15.6 Part-time employment 1 002 23.4 6 135 35.4 7 137 33.0 Working and not in further education or training total 2 903 67.7 7 617 43.9 10 520 48.6

Total 4 290 100.0 17 335 100.0 21 625 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees. b Includes Year 12 completers for whom casual employment status was unknown.

50 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 5.6 shows the relationship between This was little difference between sex and employment type, workload and study status. employment type for Year 12 completers in full- time employment, particularly for those who There were substantial differences for both were also in education or training. males and females between the employment type of Year 12 completers who were working However, females who were not in education or part-time, regardless of their education or training and working full-time were more likely training status. to be employed on a permanent basis (59.0% compared to 41.0% employed on a casual Of the Year 12 completers who were in basis). education or training and working part-time, 90.3% of males and 88.9% of females were employed on a casual basis. This is similar for Year 12 completers not undertaking any further education or training and working part-time, where 85.8% of males and 86.1% of females were employed on a casual basis.

Figure 5.6: Sex, workload and study status of Year 12 completers in employment, by employment type, Queensland 2016

100

% 50

0 In education or training - In education or training - Not in education or training - Not in education or training - Full-time employment Part-time employment Full-time employment Part-time employment

Male - Permanent Male - Casual Female - Permanent Female - Casual

Next Step Queensland 2016 51

Table 5.6 presents the occupational group of Workers’ (14.1%). This compares to 19.6%, Year 12 completers in employment by 11.7% and 7.1% for permanent employees. employment type. ‘Defence Force Members, Fire Fighters and Year 12 completers employed on a casual Police’ (3.0% compared to 0.1%) and ‘Farm, basis were more likely to be employed in the Forestry and Garden Workers’ (4.0% compared occupational groups of ‘Sales Assistants and to 1.3%) were occupational groups where Year Salespersons’ (25.3%), ‘Checkout Operators 12 completers were more likely to be employed and Office Cashiers’ (18.4%) and ‘Hospitality on a permanent, rather than casual basis.

Table 5.6: Occupational Minor Group of Year 12 completers in employment, by employment type, Queensland 2016 EMPLOYMENT TYPE Permanenta Casual Total Occupation - Minor Group no. % no. % no. % Sales Assistants and Salespersons 839 19.6 4 392 25.3 5 231 24.2

Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers 502 11.7 3 187 18.4 3 689 17.1

Hospitality Workers 304 7.1 2 441 14.1 2 745 12.7

Food Preparation Assistants 287 6.7 1 557 9.0 1 844 8.5

Food Trades Workers 136 3.2 627 3.6 763 3.5

Miscellaneous Labourers 119 2.8 438 2.5 557 2.6

Sports and Fitness Workers 76 1.8 479 2.8 555 2.6

Child Carers 157 3.7 386 2.2 543 2.5

Freight Handlers and Shelf Fillers 86 2.0 421 2.4 507 2.3

Farm, Forestry and Garden Workers 173 4.0 222 1.3 395 1.8

Receptionists 135 3.1 249 1.4 384 1.8

Cleaners and Laundry Workers 52 1.2 280 1.6 332 1.5

Delivery Drivers 22 0.5 269 1.6 291 1.3

Miscellaneous Education Professionals 25 0.6 263 1.5 288 1.3

Construction and Mining Labourers 84 2.0 189 1.1 273 1.3

General Clerks 104 2.4 163 0.9 267 1.2

Clerical and Office Support Workers 78 1.8 133 0.8 211 1.0

Personal Carers and Assistants 69 1.6 109 0.6 178 0.8

Defence Force Members, Fire Fighters and Police 127 3.0 9 0.1 136 0.6

Horticultural Trades Workers 27 0.6 105 0.6 132 0.6

Storepersons 29 0.7 94 0.5 123 0.6

Education Aides 52 1.2 60 0.3 112 0.5

Packers and Product Assemblers 25 0.6 72 0.4 97 0.4

Miscellaneous Factory Process Workers 23 0.5 70 0.4 93 0.4

Retail Managers 44 1.0 30 0.2 74 0.3

Animal Attendants and Trainers, and Shearers 23 0.5 49 0.3 72 0.3

Personal Service and Travel Workers 17 0.4 52 0.3 69 0.3

Sales, Marketing and Public Relations 18 0.4 41 0.2 59 0.3 Professionals Miscellaneous Technicians and Trades Workers 15 0.3 44 0.3 59 0.3

Bricklayers, and Carpenters and Joiners 27 0.6 31 0.2 58 0.3

Mobile Plant Operators 22 0.5 34 0.2 56 0.3

ICT and Telecommunications Technicians 28 0.7 27 0.2 55 0.3

Keyboard Operators 20 0.5 34 0.2 54 0.2

Other 545 12.7 778 4.5 1 323 6.1

Total 4 290 100.0 17 335 100.0 21 625 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees. b Includes Year 12 completers for whom casual employment status was unknown.

52 Next Step Queensland 2016

Working and not in education or training This section examines the labour market for both males and females was ‘Sales outcomes of those Year 12 completers who Assistants and Salespersons’ (16.5% and have made a direct entry to employment, with 25.9% respectively). no further education or training. As highlighted Other common occupations for males were in Chapter 2, this is an important group ‘Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers’ comprising 26.2% of all Year 12 completers. (10.8%), ‘Food Preparation Assistants’ (9.4%) Table 5.7 shows the occupational group for the and ‘Miscellaneous Labourers’ (7.0%). 10 520 employed Year 12 completers not in For females, other common occupations were further education or training, by sex. ‘Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers’ Overall, these Year 12 completers were (19.4%) and ‘Hospitality Workers’ employed in a diverse range of occupational (16.6%). groups. The most popular occupational group Table 5.7: Occupational Minor Group of Year 12 completers in employment and not in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Occupation - Minor Group no. % no. % no. % Sales Assistants and Salespersons 859 16.5 1 375 25.9 2 234 21.2

Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers 561 10.8 1 028 19.4 1 589 15.1

Hospitality Workers 331 6.3 881 16.6 1 212 11.5

Food Preparation Assistants 491 9.4 295 5.6 786 7.5

Food Trades Workers 319 6.1 95 1.8 414 3.9

Miscellaneous Labourers 366 7.0 32 0.6 398 3.8

Farm, Forestry and Garden Workers 226 4.3 110 2.1 336 3.2

Freight Handlers and Shelf Fillers 214 4.1 65 1.2 279 2.7

Child Carers 18 0.3 223 4.2 241 2.3

Construction and Mining Labourers 233 4.5 4 0.1 237 2.3

Cleaners and Laundry Workers 136 2.6 69 1.3 205 1.9

Receptionists 10 0.2 188 3.5 198 1.9

Sports and Fitness Workers 94 1.8 68 1.3 162 1.5

General Clerks 41 0.8 107 2.0 148 1.4

Delivery Drivers 122 2.3 10 0.2 132 1.3

Clerical and Office Support Workers 34 0.7 75 1.4 109 1.0

Horticultural Trades Workers 93 1.8 13 0.2 106 1.0

Personal Carers and Assistants 23 0.4 76 1.4 99 0.9

Defence Force Members, Fire Fighters and Police 73 1.4 25 0.5 98 0.9

Storepersons 64 1.2 16 0.3 80 0.8

Miscellaneous Factory Process Workers 68 1.3 9 0.2 77 0.7

Education Aides 22 0.4 44 0.8 66 0.6

Packers and Product Assemblers 43 0.8 18 0.3 61 0.6

Bricklayers, and Carpenters and Joiners 49 0.9 0 0.0 49 0.5

Mobile Plant Operators 44 0.8 4 0.1 48 0.5

Miscellaneous Education Professionals 11 0.2 36 0.7 47 0.4

Retail Managers 17 0.3 29 0.5 46 0.4

Miscellaneous Technicians and Trades Workers 31 0.6 12 0.2 43 0.4

Food Process Workers 36 0.7 7 0.1 43 0.4

Other 589 11.3 388 7.3 977 9.3

Total 5 218 100.0 5 302 100.0 10 520 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 53

Table 5.8 reports the main industry areas categories ‘Retail Trade’ (41.9%) and entered by Year 12 completers not in education ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ (31.3%). or training by workload. It shows that Full-time workers who were not studying were ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ and more evenly distributed across the industry ‘Retail Trade’ were the main industry areas for categories. ‘Accommodation and Food both full-time and part-time workers, totalling Services’ (17.8%), ‘Retail Trade’ (16.2%), 60.6% of all industries. ‘Construction’ (11.9%), and ‘Agriculture, Year 12 completers working part-time and not Forestry and Fishing’ (9.2%) were common studying were concentrated in the industry industries of employment for this group of young people.

Table 5.8: Industry category of Year 12 completers in employment and not in education or training, by workload, Queensland 2016 WORK LOAD Full-time Part-time Total Industry category no. % no. % no. % Accommodation and Food Services 601 17.8 2 990 41.9 3 591 34.1

Retail Trade 547 16.2 2 236 31.3 2 783 26.5

Construction 401 11.9 249 3.5 650 6.2

Health Care and Social Assistance 225 6.7 270 3.8 495 4.7

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 311 9.2 118 1.7 429 4.1

Arts and Recreation Services 96 2.8 328 4.6 424 4.0

Manufacturing 262 7.7 156 2.2 418 4.0

Other Services 124 3.7 151 2.1 275 2.6

Education and Training 100 3.0 159 2.2 259 2.5

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 144 4.3 60 0.8 204 1.9

Public Administration and Safety 149 4.4 44 0.6 193 1.8

Transport, Postal and Warehousing 82 2.4 96 1.3 178 1.7

Administrative and Support Services 76 2.2 99 1.4 175 1.7

Information Media and Telecommunications 48 1.4 55 0.8 103 1.0

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 67 2.0 31 0.4 98 0.9

Wholesale Trade 38 1.1 26 0.4 64 0.6

Financial and Insurance Services 31 0.9 17 0.2 48 0.5

Mining 23 0.7 15 0.2 38 0.4

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 15 0.4 10 0.1 25 0.2

Other 43 1.3 27 0.4 70 0.7

Total 3 383 100.0 7 137 100.0 10 520 100.0

54 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 5.9 reports the hours worked by Year 12 males to be working part-time (71.6% completers not in further education or training. compared to 64.0%), while males were more Overall, both males and females in this group likely than females to be in employed full-time were most likely to be working 15 to 24 hours (36.0% compared to 28.4%). per week. Females were more likely than

Table 5.9: Hours worked per week by Year 12 completers in employment and not in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Hours worked per week no. % no. % no. % Part-time employment

1–7 213 4.1 229 4.3 442 4.2

8–14 622 11.9 669 12.6 1 291 12.3

15–24 1 336 25.6 1 534 28.9 2 870 27.3

25–34 1 168 22.4 1 366 25.8 2 534 24.1

Part-time employment Total 3 339 64.0 3 798 71.6 7 137 67.8

Full-time employment

35–39 717 13.7 750 14.1 1 467 13.9

40 or more 1 162 22.3 754 14.2 1 916 18.2

Full-time employment Total 1 879 36.0 1 504 28.4 3 383 32.2

Total 5 218 100.0 5 302 100.0 10 520 100.0

Figure 5.7 graphically compares male and 25 to 34 hours per week female workers who were not in education or (22.4%) and 40 or more hours per week training on the basis of the number of hours (22.3%). worked. Female workers were most likely to be working Male workers were most likely to be working 15 to 24 hours per week (28.9%) or 25 to 34 15 to 24 hours per week (25.6%), followed by hours per week (25.8%).

Figure 5.7: Hours worked per week by Year 12 completers in employment and not in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016

% 15

0 1–7 8–14 15–24 25–34 35–39 40 or more

Male Female

Next Step Queensland 2016 55

Working and in education or training Work is also important for young people who Table 5.10 shows the occupational groups for are studying. Excluding apprentices and Year 12 completers who were working and trainees, of the 21 625 Year 12 completers studying by sex. The most common occupation working, 11 105 (51.4%) were also studying. for both males and females was ‘Sales Assistants and Salespersons’ (22.7% and 29.6% respectively).

Table 5.10: Occupational Minor Group of Year 12 completers in employment and study, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Occupation - Minor Group no. % no. % no. % Sales Assistants and Salespersons 951 22.7 2 046 29.6 2 997 27.0

Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers 592 14.2 1 508 21.8 2 100 18.9

Hospitality Workers 350 8.4 1 183 17.1 1 533 13.8

Food Preparation Assistants 548 13.1 510 7.4 1 058 9.5

Sports and Fitness Workers 221 5.3 172 2.5 393 3.5

Food Trades Workers 235 5.6 114 1.6 349 3.1

Child Carers 46 1.1 256 3.7 302 2.7

Miscellaneous Education Professionals 109 2.6 132 1.9 241 2.2

Freight Handlers and Shelf Fillers 160 3.8 68 1.0 228 2.1

Receptionists 18 0.4 168 2.4 186 1.7

Delivery Drivers 128 3.1 31 0.4 159 1.4

Miscellaneous Labourers 126 3.0 33 0.5 159 1.4

Cleaners and Laundry Workers 62 1.5 65 0.9 127 1.1

General Clerks 38 0.9 81 1.2 119 1.1

Clerical and Office Support Workers 20 0.5 82 1.2 102 0.9

Personal Carers and Assistants 20 0.5 59 0.9 79 0.7

Farm, Forestry and Garden Workers 39 0.9 20 0.3 59 0.5

Education Aides 14 0.3 32 0.5 46 0.4

Storepersons 35 0.8 8 0.1 43 0.4

Defence Force Members, Fire Fighters and Police 31 0.7 7 0.1 38 0.3

Construction and Mining Labourers 34 0.8 2 0.0 36 0.3

Packers and Product Assemblers 19 0.5 17 0.2 36 0.3

Animal Attendants and Trainers, and Shearers 2 0.0 32 0.5 34 0.3

Sales, Marketing and Public Relations Professionals 14 0.3 17 0.2 31 0.3

Personal Service and Travel Workers 6 0.1 23 0.3 29 0.3

Retail Managers 16 0.4 12 0.2 28 0.3

Call or Contact Centre Information Clerks 17 0.4 11 0.2 28 0.3

Horticultural Trades Workers 23 0.5 3 0.0 26 0.2

Arts Professionals 10 0.2 15 0.2 25 0.2

ICT and Telecommunications Technicians 22 0.5 3 0.0 25 0.2

Miscellaneous Clerical and Administrative Workers 9 0.2 14 0.2 23 0.2

Miscellaneous Sales Support Workers 9 0.2 14 0.2 23 0.2

Accounting Clerks and Bookkeepers 5 0.1 16 0.2 21 0.2

Keyboard Operators 6 0.1 14 0.2 20 0.2

Logistics Clerks 15 0.4 5 0.1 20 0.2

Other 233 5.6 149 2.2 382 3.4

Total 4 183 100.0 6 922 100.0 11 105 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees.

56 Next Step Queensland 2016

‘Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers’ Year 12 completers working part-time were (21.8%) and ‘Hospitality Workers’ concentrated in the ‘Accommodation and Food (17.1%) were other common occupations for Services’ (42.9%) and ‘Retail Trade’ industries females. (31.3%). Other common occupations for males were The industry areas for those employed full-time ‘Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers’ were more varied, with the most frequent (14.2%), ‘Food Preparation Assistants’ (13.1%) being: ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ and ‘Hospitality Workers’ (8.4%). (23.7%), ‘Retail Trade’ (15.4%), ‘Health Care and Social Assistance’ (13.7%), and ‘Public Table 5.11 reports the main industry areas of Administration and Safety’ (8.3%). Year 12 completers who were undertaking campus-based education or training.

Table 5.11: Industry category of Year 12 completers in employment and study, by workload, Queensland 2016 WORK LOAD Full-time Part-time Total Industry category no. % no. % no. % Accommodation and Food Services 111 23.7 4 564 42.9 4 675 42.1

Retail Trade 72 15.4 3 325 31.3 3 397 30.6

Education and Training 25 5.3 598 5.6 623 5.6

Arts and Recreation Services 26 5.6 583 5.5 609 5.5

Health Care and Social Assistance 64 13.7 418 3.9 482 4.3

Manufacturing 12 2.6 183 1.7 195 1.8

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 22 4.7 159 1.5 181 1.6

Construction 21 4.5 141 1.3 162 1.5

Other Services 13 2.8 146 1.4 159 1.4

Administrative and Support Services 10 2.1 102 1.0 112 1.0

Information Media and Telecommunications 6 1.3 93 0.9 99 0.9

Public Administration and Safety 39 8.3 55 0.5 94 0.8

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 18 3.8 71 0.7 89 0.8

Transport, Postal and Warehousing 9 1.9 62 0.6 71 0.6

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 8 1.7 43 0.4 51 0.5

Financial and Insurance Services 8 1.7 33 0.3 41 0.4

Wholesale Trade 2 0.4 32 0.3 34 0.3

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 1 0.2 8 0.1 9 0.1

Mining 0 0.0 7 0.1 7 0.1

Other 1 0.2 14 0.1 15 0.1

Total 468 100.0 10 637 100.0 11 105 100.0 a Excludes apprentices and trainees.

Next Step Queensland 2016 57

Table 5.12 compares the average hours Table 5.12: Level of study of Year 12 worked per week according to the study level completers in employment and study, by for Year 12 completers in employment and hours worked per week, Queensland 2016 campus-based education or training, excluding Level of study and hours worked no. % apprentices and trainees. The table shows that per week 90.6% of Bachelor Degree students who had Bachelor Degreea jobs were working up to 24 hours per week, 1–7 1 669 19.1 with most (38.0%) working between 8 and 14 8–14 3 328 38.0 hours. 15–24 2 935 33.5

25–34 636 7.3 The majority (78.0%) of VET Certificate IV or 35–39 91 1.0 higher students were also working up to 24 40 or more 94 1.1 hours per week. However, these students were Bachelor Degree Total 8 753 100.0 more likely to work 35 or more hours per week VET Cert IV or higher than Bachelor Degree students (9.5% 1–7 184 12.8 compared to 2.1%). 8–14 449 31.2 Employed VET Certificate III students were the 15–24 489 34.0 most likely to be working 35 hours or more per 25–34 179 12.4 week (17.1%), compared to students in other 35–39 60 4.2 levels of study. Overall, this group showed the 40 or more 77 5.4 most diverse spread of hours worked per week VET Cert IV or higher Total 1 438 100.0 for working students. VET Cert III

Year 12 completers who were employed and 1–7 63 13.7 studying at VET Certificate I–II level were most 8–14 106 23.0 likely to be working between 15 and 24 hours 15–24 131 28.4 per week (37.2%). 25–34 82 17.8

35–39 37 8.0 The remaining employed Year 12 completers 40 or more 42 9.1 who were undertaking study were more likely to VET Cert III Total 461 100.0 be working between 15 and 24 hours per week VET Cert I–II (32.4%). 1–7 21 16.3

Overall, Year 12 completers who were 8–14 29 22.5 employed and studying below the VET 15–24 48 37.2

Certificate IV level were more likely to work 25–34 20 15.5 longer hours than those studying Bachelor 35–39 5 3.9

Degree and VET Certificate IV or higher 40 or more 6 4.7 courses. VET Cert I–II Total 129 100.0

Other

1–7 39 12.0

8–14 82 25.3

15–24 105 32.4

25–34 42 13.0

35–39 23 7.1

40 or more 33 10.2

Other Total 324 100.0

Total

1–7 1 976 17.8

8–14 3 994 36.0

15–24 3 708 33.4

25–34 959 8.6

35–39 216 1.9

40 or more 252 2.3

Total 11 105 100.0 a Includes Bachelor Degree (Honours) programs.

58 Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 6 – Apprentices and Trainees

This chapter highlights the differences in the education, training and employment outcomes of Year 12 completers from 2015 in Queensland who were undertaking an apprenticeship or traineeship. Apprentices and trainees differ from other students in post-school education or training in that they are contracted to an employer while developing the skills needed to achieve a qualification. Both apprenticeships and traineeships involve on-the-job training by an employer and off-the-job instruction delivered by a registered training organisation to enable the achievement of workplace competency in the qualification.

Year 12 completers in apprenticeships or traineeships Table 6.1 summarises the study and labour Within this group of apprentices and trainees force destinations of Year 12 completers from there were 118 young people who indicated 2015, listing apprentices and trainees during the survey that they had already separately. There were 3521 (8.8%) Year 12 completed the study component of their completers participating in an apprenticeship or apprenticeship or traineeship. These 118 traineeship at the time of the survey. young people are excluded from the education and training section of this chapter.

Table 6.1: Labour force destination of Year 12 completers, by study destination, Queensland 2016 STUDY DESTINATION Studying Not studying Total Labour force destination no. % no. % no. % Work

Apprenticeshipa 2 469 10.2 69 0.4 2 538 6.3

Traineeshipa 934 3.9 49 0.3 983 2.5

Other 11 105 45.9 10 520 66.1 21 625 53.9

Work Total 14 508 60.0 10 638 66.9 25 146 62.7

Seeking work 5 690 23.5 4 305 27.1 9 995 24.9

NILF 3 999 16.5 970 6.1 4 969 12.4

Total 24 197 100.0 15 913 100.0 40 110 100.0 a There were 69 apprentices and 49 trainees who indicated they had already completed the study component of their program.

Next Step Queensland 2016 61

Table 6.2 provides selected key characteristics of the 3358 Year 12 completers who were undertaking an apprenticeship or traineeship.

Table 6.2: Year 12 completers in apprenticeships or traineeships, by selected key characteristics, Queensland 2016 APPRENTICES AND TRAINEES Apprentice Trainee Characteristic no. %a no. %a Persons 2 538 6.3 983 2.5

Male 2 198 11.1 378 1.9

Female 340 1.7 605 3.0

Indigenous 94 5.8 73 4.5

Non-Indigenous 2 444 6.3 910 2.4

LBOTEb 51 1.8 42 1.5

South East Queenslandc 1 462 5.4 562 2.1

Regional Queenslandc 1 076 8.3 421 3.2

VETiS qualification 2 163 8.9 699 2.9

VET Certificate Id 1 479 10.6 360 2.6

VET Certificate IId 1 511 10.7 447 3.2

VET Certificate IIId 541 7.0 234 3.0

VET Certificate IV+d 41 3.8 21 1.9

SAT 1 000 19.7 272 5.4

QCIA 2 0.4 8 1.6 QCE 2 407 6.3 926 2.4 OP/IBD 344 1.5 402 1.8 a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015. d As students may obtain multiple VET certificates some students appear in more than one VET category.

Education and training destinations of apprentices and trainees

Level of study of apprentices and trainees The main difference between apprentices and A small percentage of Year 12 completers trainees is that apprenticeships usually involve undertaking an apprenticeship or traineeship a longer contract of employment and instruction also indicated they were undertaking Bachelor (up to four years), and study should be at the Degree study (3.0%). The Next Step survey did VET Certificate III level or higher. not differentiate between study being undertaken as part of an apprenticeship or Traineeships may be undertaken at VET traineeship or study being undertaken in Certificate I level or higher. addition to an apprenticeship or traineeship. Table 6.3 shows that the majority of apprentices and trainees were undertaking study at the VET Certificate III level (65.0%).

62 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 6.3: Level of study of Year 12 completers undertaking apprenticeships or traineeships, Queensland 2016 APPRENTICES AND TRAINEES Apprentice Trainee Total Level of study no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree+ 22 0.9 81 8.7 103 3.0

VET

Associate Degree 4 0.2 6 0.6 10 0.3

Advanced Diploma 2 0.1 3 0.3 5 0.1

Diploma 43 1.7 57 6.1 100 2.9

VET Certificate IV 219 8.9 73 7.8 292 8.6

VET Certificate III 1 680 68.0 533 57.1 2 213 65.0

VET Certificate II 42 1.7 62 6.6 104 3.1

VET Certificate I 10 0.4 16 1.7 26 0.8

VET unspecified 214 8.7 39 4.2 253 7.4

VET Total 2 214 89.7 789 84.5 3 003 88.2

Other 233 9.4 64 6.9 297 8.7

Total 2 469 100.0 934 100.0 3 403 100.0

Figure 6.1 compares the level of study of Year 12 completers undertaking campus-based apprentices and trainees with other Year 12 study (20.7%). completers undertaking post-school education Other than a Bachelor Degree, Year 12 or training. completers in campus-based study were more VET Certificate III courses were more likely to likely to be studying a Diploma, Advanced be undertaken by apprentices and trainees Diploma or Associate Degree (48.4% (68.7% and 62.5% respectively) than other combined) than apprentices and trainees (2.0% and 7.7% respectively).

Figure 6.1: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by student type, Queensland 2016

% 30

Apprentice Trainee Campus-based study (excluding Bachelor Degree)

Next Step Queensland 2016 63

Field of study of apprentices and trainees Figure 6.2 presents the differences between Campus-based students were spread across a the field of study of the 3403 apprentices and broad range of fields of study, as discussed in trainees, and the other 20 794 Year 12 Chapter 4. In contrast, apprentices and completers who were undertaking post-school trainees were concentrated in a smaller education or training as campus-based number of study fields. students.

Figure 6.2: Field of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by student type, Queensland 2016

Health Society and Culture Management and Commerce Engineering and Related Technologies Creative Arts Natural and Physical Sciences Education Architecture and Building Food, Hospitality and Personal Services Information Technology Mixed Field Programs Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies Double Field of Study Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Apprentice Trainee Campus-based study %

64 Next Step Queensland 2016

Employment destinations of apprentices and trainees The differences between the employment This section examines the employment destinations of apprentices and trainees destinations of apprentices and trainees in compared to other Year 12 completers in more depth, including comparisons between employment were explored in Chapter 5. apprentices and trainees, in addition to comparisons between males and females. Occupations of apprentices and trainees Table 6.4 shows that the occupations entered ‘Clerical and Administrative Workers’ (22.4%) by this group were not predominantly in the was the most common occupational group for area of ‘Sales Workers’ as highlighted in Year 12 completers undertaking a traineeship. Chapter 5 for non-apprentices and trainees. This was closely followed by ‘Sales Workers’ Instead, ‘Technicians and Trades Workers’ was (22.3%) and ‘Community and Personal Service the most frequent occupational group for Workers’ (21.8%). apprentices (91.4%).

Table 6.4: Occupational Major Group of Year 12 completers in apprenticeships or traineeships, Queensland 2016 APPRENTICES AND TRAINEES Apprentice Trainee Total Occupation - Major Group no. % no. % no. % Technicians and Trades Workers 2 319 91.4 123 12.5 2 442 69.4

Community and Personal Service Workers 52 2.0 214 21.8 266 7.6

Sales Workers 43 1.7 219 22.3 262 7.4

Clerical and Administrative Workers 10 0.4 220 22.4 230 6.5

Labourers 79 3.1 139 14.1 218 6.2

Professionals 21 0.8 36 3.7 57 1.6

Machinery Operators and Drivers 10 0.4 12 1.2 22 0.6

Managers 2 0.1 17 1.7 19 0.5

Other 2 0.1 3 0.3 5 0.1

Total 2 538 100.0 983 100.0 3 521 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 65

Table 6.4 showed that 91.4% of apprentices ‘Hairdressers’ (62.3%) was the most common were working as ‘Technicians and Trade occupation for female Year 12 completers Workers’. Table 6.5 provides a more detailed undertaking an apprenticeship in this breakdown of occupations within this group, by occupational group. An additional 14.6% were sex. undertaking an apprenticeship as ‘Chefs’. The most common occupations for males— accounting for 51.3% of apprentices in this occupational group—were ‘Carpenters and Joiners’, ‘Electricians’ and ‘Motor Mechanics’.

Table 6.5: Occupational Unit Group of Year 12 completers in apprenticeships employed as Technician and Trades Workers, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Occupation - Unit Group no. % no. % no. % Carpenters and Joiners 376 18.3 7 2.6 383 16.5 Electricians 358 17.5 15 5.6 373 16.1 Motor Mechanics 319 15.6 5 1.9 324 14.0 Hairdressers 11 0.5 167 62.3 178 7.7 Metal Fitters and Machinists 169 8.2 7 2.6 176 7.6 Plumbers 172 8.4 0 0.0 172 7.4 Structural Steel and Welding Trades Workers 136 6.6 1 0.4 137 5.9 Chefs 75 3.7 39 14.6 114 4.9 Airconditioning and Refrigeration Mechanics 65 3.2 0 0.0 65 2.8 Cabinetmakers 61 3.0 4 1.5 65 2.8 Painting Trades Workers 35 1.7 3 1.1 38 1.6 Butchers and Smallgoods Makers 28 1.4 0 0.0 28 1.2 Bricklayers and Stonemasons 21 1.0 1 0.4 22 0.9 Sheetmetal Trades Workers 21 1.0 0 0.0 21 0.9 Plasterers 21 1.0 0 0.0 21 0.9 Automotive Electricians 20 1.0 0 0.0 20 0.9 Wall and Floor Tilers 20 1.0 0 0.0 20 0.9 Gardeners 18 0.9 0 0.0 18 0.8 Bakers and Pastrycooks 8 0.4 8 3.0 16 0.7 Panelbeaters 15 0.7 0 0.0 15 0.6 Cooks 6 0.3 4 1.5 10 0.4 Glaziers 8 0.4 0 0.0 8 0.3 Electrical Distribution Trades Workers 7 0.3 1 0.4 8 0.3 Boat Builders and Shipwrights 7 0.3 1 0.4 8 0.3 Signwriters 7 0.3 1 0.4 8 0.3 Floor Finishers 7 0.3 0 0.0 7 0.3 Greenkeepers 6 0.3 0 0.0 6 0.3 Other Miscellaneous Technicians and Trades Workers 6 0.3 0 0.0 6 0.3 Vehicle Body Builders and Trimmers 5 0.2 0 0.0 5 0.2 Vehicle Painters 5 0.2 0 0.0 5 0.2 Roof Tilers 5 0.2 0 0.0 5 0.2 Other 33 1.6 4 1.5 37 1.6

Total 2 051 100.0 268 100.0 2 319 100.0

66 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 6.6 displays the occupations of the 220 The same three occupational groups also trainees employed in the ‘Clerical and accounted for the majority of female Year 12 Administrative Workers’ occupation group, by completers undertaking a traineeships. sex. ‘General Clerks’ (31.3%) led the way, followed by ‘Receptionists’ (26.9%) and ‘Other Clerical Male trainees in this occupational group were and Office Support Workers’ (25.3%). most likely to be employed as ‘General Clerks’ (32.4%). A further 27.0% of male trainees were employed as ‘Receptionists’ and ‘Other Clerical and Office Support Workers’.

Table 6.6: Occupational Unit Group of Year 12 completers in traineeships employed as Community and Personal Service Workers, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Occupation - Unit Group no. % no. % no. % General Clerks 12 32.4 57 31.3 69 31.4 Receptionists 5 13.5 49 26.9 54 24.5 Other Clerical and Office Support Workers 5 13.5 46 25.3 51 23.2 Keyboard Operators 1 2.7 5 2.7 6 2.7 Bank Workers 2 5.4 4 2.2 6 2.7 Accounting Clerks 1 2.7 4 2.2 5 2.3 Purchasing and Supply Logistics Clerks 3 8.1 1 0.5 4 1.8 Library Assistants 0 0.0 4 2.2 4 1.8 Inquiry Clerks 1 2.7 2 1.1 3 1.4 Court and Legal Clerks 2 5.4 1 0.5 3 1.4 Contract, Program and Project Administrators 1 2.7 1 0.5 2 0.9 Call or Contact Centre Workers 0 0.0 2 1.1 2 0.9 Other Miscellaneous Clerical and Administrative 1 2.7 1 0.5 2 0.9 Workers Office Managers 0 0.0 1 0.5 1 0.5 Personal Assistants 0 0.0 1 0.5 1 0.5 Secretaries 1 2.7 0 0.0 1 0.5 Bookkeepers 1 2.7 0 0.0 1 0.5 Payroll Clerks 1 2.7 0 0.0 1 0.5 Credit and Loans Officers 0 0.0 1 0.5 1 0.5 Transport and Despatch Clerks 0 0.0 1 0.5 1 0.5 Human Resource Clerks 0 0.0 1 0.5 1 0.5 Inspectors and Regulatory Officers 1 2.7 0 0.0 1 0.5

Total 37 100.0 182 99.5 220 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 67

Industries of apprentices and trainees Table 6.7 presents the industries of Traineeships were being undertaken across a employment for apprentices and trainees more diverse range of industries with the most common being ‘Accommodation and Food Apprentices were concentrated in the industry Services’ (26.7%), followed by ‘Health Care areas of ‘Construction’, ‘Other Services’ and and Social Assistance’ (11.5%). ‘Manufacturing’, accounting for 75.1% of all apprentices.

Table 6.7: Industry category of Year 12 completers in apprenticeships or traineeships, Queensland 2016 APPRENTICES AND TRAINEES Apprentice Trainee Total Industry category no. % no. % no. % Construction 1 144 45.1 58 5.9 1 202 34.1

Other Services 512 20.2 44 4.5 556 15.8

Accommodation and Food Services 163 6.4 262 26.7 425 12.1

Manufacturing 249 9.8 21 2.1 270 7.7

Retail Trade 93 3.7 97 9.9 190 5.4

Public Administration and Safety 55 2.2 100 10.2 155 4.4

Health Care and Social Assistance 26 1.0 113 11.5 139 3.9

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 72 2.8 62 6.3 134 3.8

Mining 70 2.8 15 1.5 85 2.4

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 38 1.5 22 2.2 60 1.7

Transport, Postal and Warehousing 45 1.8 13 1.3 58 1.6

Arts and Recreation Services 13 0.5 44 4.5 57 1.6

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 4 0.2 33 3.4 37 1.1

Education and Training 6 0.2 30 3.1 36 1.0

Administrative and Support Services 7 0.3 23 2.3 30 0.9

Financial and Insurance Services 3 0.1 25 2.5 28 0.8

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 22 0.9 5 0.5 27 0.8

Information Media and Telecommunications 8 0.3 11 1.1 19 0.5

Wholesale Trade 2 0.1 1 0.1 3 0.1

Other 6 0.2 4 0.4 10 0.3

Total 2 538 100.0 983 100.0 3 521 100.0

There were differences in the industry of Female apprentices and trainees were most employment of apprentices and trainees when likely to be employed in the ‘Accommodation compared by sex as shown in Figure 6.3. and Food Services’ (24.1%) industry, followed by the ‘Other Services’ industry (21.3%), which These differences tended to follow the includes hairdressing and beauty services. stereotypical gender split with males being most likely to be employed in the ‘Construction’ industry (45.2%).

68 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 6.3: Selected industry categories of Year 12 completers in apprenticeships or traineeships, by sex, Queensland 2016

Construction

Other Services

Accommodation and Food Services

Manufacturing

Retail Trade

Public Administration and Safety

Health Care and Social Assistance

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services

Mining

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing

Transport, Postal and Warehousing

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Male Female %

Hours worked by apprentices and trainees Table 6.8 compares the hours worked by Year The average number of hours worked by Year 12 completers who were undertaking an 12 completers who were undertaking a apprenticeship or traineeship. traineeship was more evenly distributed, although most were working full-time. The majority of apprentices (92.6%) were working 35 or more hours per week on average, compared to 54.3% of trainees.

Table 6.8: Hours worked by Year 12 completers in apprenticeships or traineeships, Queensland 2016 APPRENTICES AND TRAINEES Apprentice Trainee Total Hours worked per week no. % no. % no. % Part-time employment

1–7 7 0.3 17 1.7 24 0.7

8–14 22 0.9 65 6.6 87 2.5

15–24 58 2.3 185 18.8 243 6.9

25–34 102 4.0 182 18.5 284 8.1

Part-time employment Total 189 7.4 449 45.7 638 18.1

Full-time employment

35–39 844 33.3 290 29.5 1 134 32.2

40 or more 1 505 59.3 244 24.8 1 749 49.7

Full-time employment Total 2 349 92.6 534 54.3 2 883 81.9

Total 2 538 100.0 983 100.0 3 521 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 69

Figure 6.4 displays the differences in the work Year 12 completers that were not undertaking patterns of apprentices and trainees with other any further education or training had the Year 12 completers in employment. broadest spread of average hours worked per week. Most commonly these were 15–24 hours As Table 6.8 showed, apprentices and trainees per week (27.3%) or 25–34 hours per week were predominantly employed full-time. (24.1%). Year 12 completers who were combining work and further education or training were more likely to be working 8–14 hours per week (36.0%) or 15–24 hours per week (33.4%).

Figure 6.4: Hours worked per week by Year 12 completers in employment, by study destination, Queensland 2016

% 30

0 1–7 8–14 15–24 25–34 35–39 40 or more

Apprentice Trainee Working and in further education or training Working and not in further education or training

70 Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 7 – Not studying; not employed; and not studying or employed

As discussed in Chapter 2, the Next Step survey found that 10.7% of Year 12 completers were not employed and were not in education or training however they were seeking work. A further 2.4% of Year 12 completers from 2015 were not in the labour force, education or training (NILFET). This chapter highlights the data captured regarding the groups of Year 12 completers who were not studying; not employed; not studying or employed, but seeking work; and not in the labour force, education or training at the time of the survey.

Overview While the majority of Year 12 completers were As discussed in Chapter 5, while most Year 12 building on their schooling through further completers were in paid employment at the education or training, 15 795 (39.4%) were not, time of the survey, there were 9995 (24.9%) as shown in Table 7.1. Complex social and seeking work and 4969 (12.4%) not in the economic issues drive this and reflect the labour force. However, Table 7.1 shows that diversity of Year 12 completers today. This most of the Year 12 completers who were not group includes young people who chose to working were studying. Of those not in the defer the university place they were offered or labour force, 80.5% were undertaking study were undertaking a gap year. Deferrals and and of those seeking work, 56.9% were those who took a gap year were discussed in studying. further detail in Chapter 2.

Table 7.1: Study destination of Year 12 completers, by labour force destination, Queensland 2016 STUDY DESTINATION Studying Not studying Total Labour force destination no. % no. % no. % Work

Apprenticeship or traineeshipa 3 403 96.6 118 3.4 3 521 100.0

Other 11 105 51.4 10 520 48.6 21 625 100.0

Work Total 14 508 57.7 10 638 42.3 25 146 100.0

Seeking work 5 690 56.9 4 305 43.1 9 995 100.0

NILF 3 999 80.5 970 19.5 4 969 100.0

Total 24 197 60.3 15 913 39.7 40 110 100.0 a There were 118 apprentices and trainees who indicated they had already completed the study component of their program.

Next Step Queensland 2016 71

Not studying This section explores those Year 12 completers Table 7.2: Year 12 completers not in from 2015 who were not in education or education or training, by selected key training at the time of the survey. This section characteristics, Queensland 2016 a excludes the 118 apprentices and trainees who Characteristic no. % indicated that they had already completed the Persons 15 795 39.4 study component of their Male 8 406 42.3 apprenticeship/traineeship. Female 7 389 36.5

Indigenous 883 54.9 Table 7.2 provides selected key characteristics Non-Indigenous 14 912 38.7 of this group of Year 12 completers. LBOTEb 730 25.5 Table 7.3 shows that 66.6% of Year 12 International visa 145 25.6 completers who did not enter further education South East Queenslandc 9 585 35.4 or training were employed in either a full-time Regional Queenslandc 6 210 47.7 (21.4%) or part-time (45.2%) capacity. VET qualification 11 510 47.1

Females were more likely than males to be in SAT 2 244 44.3 part-time employment (51.4% compared to QCIA 392 76.4 39.7%). Males were more likely than females to QCE 14 468 38.1 be seeking work (31.0% compared to 23.0%). OP/IBD 5 325 23.9

a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015.

Table 7.3: Main destination of Year 12 completers not in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Work

Full-time employment 1 879 22.4 1 504 20.4 3 383 21.4

Part-time employment 3 339 39.7 3 798 51.4 7 137 45.2

Work Total 5 218 62.1 5 302 71.8 10 520 66.6

Seeking work 2 605 31.0 1 700 23.0 4 305 27.3

NILF 583 6.9 387 5.2 970 6.1

Total 8 406 100.0 7 389 100.0 15 795 100.0

Figure 7.1 shows the reasons Year 12 options’ was the most common main reason completers provided as to why they were not given by female Year 12 completers for not undertaking study. As Year 12 completers were continuing in study (20.2%). The next most able to select up to five reasons this figure may common reason for females was ‘Wanted a include multiple responses from each person. break from study’ (18.1%). The most common reason given for not The most common main reason for not continuing in study was ‘Undecided and continuing in study given by male Year 12 considering options’ (cited by 21.5% of males completers was ‘Undecided and considering and 29.9% of females). options’ (14.3%), followed by ‘Looking for work/ apprenticeship/traineeship ‘(13.5%). Year 12 completers were also asked to indicate the single most important reason for not being in study, which is presented in Table 7.4. As with Figure 7.1, ‘Undecided and considering

72 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 7.1: Reasons for not studying of Year 12 completers not in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016

Undecided and considering options

Wanted a break from study

Wanted to earn own money

Not interested in further study/already finished studying

Looking for work/apprenticeship/traineeship

Don't feel ready for study at the moment

Course fees and other costs are a barrier

Working in order to finance further study

Waiting for course/training to begin

Work commitments

Going into, or already in, the armed services

Would have to move away from home

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Male Female %

Table 7.4: Main reason for not studying of Year 12 completers not in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Main reason no. % no. % no. % Undecided and considering options 1 203 14.3 1 494 20.2 2 697 17.1

Wanted a break from study 953 11.3 1 341 18.1 2 294 14.5

Not interested in further study/already finished studying 1 023 12.2 608 8.2 1 631 10.3

Wanted to earn own money 804 9.6 709 9.6 1 513 9.6

Looking for work/apprenticeship/traineeship 1 135 13.5 270 3.7 1 405 8.9

Waiting for course/training to begin 449 5.3 437 5.9 886 5.6

Don't feel ready for study at the moment 386 4.6 384 5.2 770 4.9

Course fees and other costs are a barrier 285 3.4 409 5.5 694 4.4

Work commitments 338 4.0 317 4.3 655 4.1

Going into, or already in, the armed services 497 5.9 117 1.6 614 3.9

Working in order to finance further study 234 2.8 367 5.0 601 3.8

Disability 238 2.8 103 1.4 341 2.2

Don't meet the entry criteria for the program I want to do 132 1.6 140 1.9 272 1.7

Health reasons 114 1.4 125 1.7 239 1.5

Sports commitments 98 1.2 54 0.7 152 1.0

Would have to move away from home 58 0.7 89 1.2 147 0.9

Family commitments - excluding pregnancy/parenting own child 47 0.6 61 0.8 108 0.7

Family commitments - parenting own child 5 0.1 36 0.5 41 0.3

Working to qualify for independent Youth Allowance 15 0.2 15 0.2 30 0.2

Pregnancy 0 0.0 21 0.3 21 0.1

Other 392 4.7 292 4.0 684 4.3

Total 8 406 100.0 7 389 100.0 15 795 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 73

Figure 7.2 shows the main reason for not Year 12 completers in South East Queensland studying based on the geographical location of were more likely to cite ‘Wanted a break from the school attended by Year 12 completers. study’ (16.1% compared to 12.1% in Regional Queensland). Those in Regional Queensland The most common reason cited by Year 12 were more likely to cite ‘Looking for completers from South East Queensland and work/apprenticeship/traineeship’ (10.6% Regional Queensland was ‘Undecided and compared to 7.8% in South East Queensland). considering options’ (18.0% and 15.6% respectively).

Figure 7.2: Main reason for not studying of Year 12 completers not in education or training, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016

Undecided and considering options

Wanted a break from study

Not interested in further study/already finished studying

Wanted to earn own money

Looking for work/apprenticeship/traineeship

Waiting for course/training to begin

Don't feel ready for study at the moment

Course fees and other costs are a barrier

Work commitments

Going into, or already in, the armed services

Working in order to finance further study

Disability

Other

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 South East Queensland Regional Queensland %

Not employed A selection of key characteristics of the 14 964 Table 7.5: Year 12 completers not Year 12 completers who were not employed at employed, by selected key characteristics, the time of the survey are shown in Table 7.5. Queensland 2016 Characteristic no. %a Table 7.6 reports the main destination of Year Persons 14 964 37.3 12 completers who were not employed Male 7 902 39.8 approximately six months after leaving school. Female 7 062 34.9

The two most common destinations for Year 12 Indigenous 798 49.7 completers not in employment were Bachelor Non-Indigenous 14 166 36.8

Degree study (47.9%) and seeking work LBOTEb 1 725 60.3 (28.8%). International visa 375 66.3

The differences between male and female Year South East Queenslandc 10 027 37.0

12 completers who were not employed are in Regional Queenslandc 4 937 37.9 keeping with the overall destinations presented VET qualification 8 639 35.4 in Chapter 2. SAT 1 090 21.5

Table 7.6 shows that females were more likely QCIA 405 78.9 than males to commence Bachelor Degree QCE 13 803 36.4 study (52.2% compared to 44.1%). Males were OP/IBD 8 595 38.5 more likely than females to be seeking work a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. (33.0% compared to 24.1%). b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015.

74 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 7.6: Main destination of Year 12 completers not employed, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 3 484 44.1 3 683 52.2 7 167 47.9

VET

VET Cert IV+ 654 8.3 690 9.8 1 344 9.0

VET Cert III 199 2.5 360 5.1 559 3.7

VET Cert I–II/other 377 4.8 242 3.4 619 4.1

VET Total 1 230 15.6 1 292 18.3 2 522 16.9

Seeking work 2 605 33.0 1 700 24.1 4 305 28.8

NILFET 583 7.4 387 5.5 970 6.5

Total 7 902 100.0 7 062 100.0 14 964 100.0

Not studying or employed Of the 5275 Year 12 completers who were not Table 7.7: Year 12 completers not studying or employed, there were two distinct studying and not employed but seeking work, by selected key characteristics, groups of young people — the 4305 young Queensland 2016 people who were seeking work, and the 970 a who were not seeking work. Characteristic no. % Persons 4 305 10.7 Seeking work Male 2 605 13.1

Table 7.7 provides selected key characteristics Female 1 700 8.4 of the 4305 Year 12 completers who were not Indigenous 388 24.1 in employment, education or training but were Non-Indigenous 3 917 10.2 seeking work. LBOTEb 262 9.2

International visa 44 7.8 Among these young people, those who identified as Indigenous (24.1%) were more South East Queenslandc 2 622 9.7 likely to be seeking work than the total Regional Queenslandc 1 683 12.9 percentage of Year 12 completers seeking VET qualification 3 326 13.6 work who were not in employment, education SAT 466 9.2 or training (10.7%). QCIA 131 25.5

Year 12 completers who received a QCIA had QCE 3 814 10.0 noticeably different destinations than those of OP/IBD 997 4.5 the larger group of Year 12 completers due to a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. their learning impairment or difficulty. Although b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location 25.5% of these young people were seeking based on address of school attended in 2015. work, direct comparisons with other Year 12 completers should not be made. Males were more likely than females to be not studying or employed but seeking work (13.1% compared to 10.7%). It should be noted that the proportion of Year 12 completers who were not studying or employed but were seeking work reflects the situation at the time of the survey only.

Next Step Queensland 2016 75

Not seeking work Figure 7.3 shows the main reason given for not studying by male and female Year 12 The Next Step survey found that 970 Year 12 completers who were not in the labour force, completers were not in the labour force, education or training. education or training, representing 2.4% of Year 12 completers overall (as shown in Figure Males who were not in the labour force, 2.1). education or training were most likely to cite ‘Disability’ as their main reason for not studying Selected key characteristics of the Year 12 (20.8%), followed by ‘Wanted a break from completers in this category are displayed in study’ (12.0%). For females, the top two Table 7.8. The table indicates which groups reasons were reversed. 20.4% ‘Wanted a were more or less likely to be not in the labour break from study’ and 14.7% said that force, education or training at the time of the ‘Disability’ was their main reason for not survey. A high percentage of young people studying who received a QCIA (33.3%) were in this category. The survey also sought the main reason for not seeking work among this group of young Table 7.8: Year 12 completers not in the people, which is shown in Figure 7.4. labour force, education or training, by selected key characteristics, Queensland 2016 For both male and female Year 12 completers, Characteristic no. %a the most common reason for not seeking work Persons 970 2.4 was ‘Disability’ (21.3% and 16.4% respectively). ‘Travel’ was another common Male 583 2.9 response for females (15.9%) and 12.9% of Female 387 1.9 males selected ‘Future study commitments’. Indigenous 72 4.5

Non-Indigenous 898 2.3 Males were more likely than females to cite

LBOTEb 88 3.1 ‘Accepted a job that will start at a later date’ (11.7% compared to 4.6%). International visa 19 3.4

South East Queenslandc 643 2.4 Female Year 12 completers were more likely to

Regional Queenslandc 327 2.5 cite ‘Travel’ (15.9% compared to 9.2% of

VET qualification 575 2.4 males) as the main reason for not seeking

SAT 74 1.5 work.

QCIA 171 33.3

QCE 719 1.9

OP/IBD 297 1.3 a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015.

76 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 7.3: Main reason for not studying of Year 12 completers not in the labour force, education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016

Disability

Wanted a break from study

Waiting for course/training to begin

Undecided and considering options

Health reasons

Not interested in further study/already finished studying

Going into, or already in, the armed services

Don't feel ready for study at the moment

Course fees and other costs are a barrier

Sports commitments

Looking for work/apprenticeship/traineeship

Wanted to earn own money

Family commitments - parenting own child Family commitments - excluding pregnancy/parenting own child Pregnancy

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 Male Female %

Figure 7.4: Main reason for not seeking work of Year 12 completers not in the labour force, education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016

Disability

Future study commitments

Travel

Health reasons

Accepted a job that will start at a later date

Don't wish to work

Don't feel ready for paid employment Family commitments - excluding pregnancy/parenting own child Transport difficulties

Sports commitments

Have been unsuccessful finding a job

Family commitments - parenting own child

Student exchange

No financial need to undertake paid employment

Pregnancy

Other

0 5 10 15 20 25 Male Female %

Next Step Queensland 2016 77

The main reasons for not studying and for not more likely to be cited as the main reason for seeking work were also examined by the not studying than their Regional Queensland geographical location of the school attended by peers (10.1% and 1.5% respectively). Year 12 completers who were not in the labour Regional Queensland Year 12 completers were force, education or training. more likely to cite ‘Undecided and considering The more influential geographical differences options’ (11.9%) and ‘Looking for for the main reason given for not studying are work/apprenticeship/traineeship’ (4.0%) as their presented in Figure 7.5. main reason for not studying. This compares to 7.9% and 1.4% for South East Queensland Amongst Year 12 completers in South East respectively. Queensland, ‘Wanted a break from study’ (18.0%) and ‘Sports commitments’ (3.6%) were Figure 7.5: Main reason for not studying of Year 12 completers not in the labour force, education or training, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016

18 More influential in More influential in South East Queensland Regional Queensland 15

9 %

0 Wanted a break Sports commitments Looking for work/ Undecided and from study apprenticeship/traineeship considering options

South East Queensland Regional Queensland

78 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 7.6 highlights the more influential Year 12 completers from Regional Queensland geographical differences for the main reason were more likely to cite ‘Accepted a job that will given for not seeking work by Year 12 start at a later date’ (11.0% compared to 7.8% completers who were not in the labour force, from South East Queensland) and ‘Have been education or training. unsuccessful finding a job’ (4.1% compared to 1.0%) as their main reason for not seeking Year 12 completers from South East work. Queensland were more likely to cite ‘Travel’ (13.7%) and ‘Disability’ (20.0%) as the main reason for not seeking work. This compares to 8.2% and 18.2% for Regional Queensland respectively. Figure 7.6: Main reason for not seeking work of Year 12 completers not in the labour force, education or training, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016

20 More influential in More influential in South East Queensland Regional Queensland

10 %

0 Disability Travel Accepted a job that will Have been start at a later date unsuccessful finding a job South East Queensland Regional Queensland

Next Step Queensland 2016 79

Chapter 8 – Regional differences in post- school destinations

This chapter outlines regional differences in the destinations of Year 12 completers and provides a comparison of South East Queensland and Regional Queensland, followed by an analysis of Education Council zones, ABS Statistical Area Level 4 (SA4) and Local Government Area. Year 12 completers were assigned to an area based on the address of the school they attended in 2015, except for Local Government Area which was based on their residential address in 2015.

South East Queensland/Regional Queensland South East Queensland is defined as the SA4s Townsville and Wide Bay. See Appendix 6 for a of Brisbane - East, Brisbane - North, Brisbane - further explanation of the regional areas. South, Brisbane - West, Brisbane Inner City, Table 8.1 and Figure 8.1 on the following page Gold Coast, Ipswich, Logan - Beaudesert, compare the main destinations of Year 12 Moreton Bay - North, Moreton Bay - South and completers from South East Queensland with Sunshine Coast. those from Regional Queensland. Regional Queensland encompasses the SA4s The rate of transition to further education and of Cairns, Darling Downs - Maranoa, Fitzroy, training was higher in South East Queensland Mackay, Queensland - Outback, Toowoomba, (64.6%) than in Regional Queensland (52.3%).

Table 8.1: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016 SOUTH EAST QUEENSLAND/REGIONAL QUEENSLAND South East Regional Total Main destination Queensland Queensland no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 12 097 44.7 3 823 29.3 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 2 165 8.0 617 4.7 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 545 2.0 475 3.6 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I-II/other 664 2.5 408 3.1 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 1 462 5.4 1 076 8.3 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 562 2.1 421 3.2 983 2.5

VET Total 5 398 19.9 2 997 23.0 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 1 931 7.1 1 452 11.1 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 4 389 16.2 2 748 21.1 7 137 17.8

Work Total 6 320 23.3 4 200 32.2 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 2 622 9.7 1 683 12.9 4 305 10.7

NILFET 643 2.4 327 2.5 970 2.4

Total 27 080 100.0 13 030 100.0 40 110 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 81

In particular, transition to Bachelor Degree and South East Queensland (11.5% compared to VET Certificate IV or higher courses was higher 7.5%). in South East Queensland (44.7% and 8.0% Year 12 completers from Regional Queensland respectively) compared to Regional were more likely to be in employment with no Queensland (29.3% and 4.7% respectively). further education or training (32.2% compared Transition to apprenticeships and traineeships to 23.3% for South East Queensland). was higher in Regional Queensland than in

Figure 8.1: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016

25 % 20

South East Queensland Regional Queensland

Region by sex Figure 8.2 compares the main destinations of to males (14.6% for those from Regional Year 12 completers from South East Queensland compared to 9.4% for South East Queensland and those from Regional Queensland), while female transitions to Queensland by sex. These results show the apprenticeships were similar across these overall regional patterns were also present for regions (2.1% and 1.5% respectively). males and females across regions. Year 12 completers from Regional Queensland For example, rates of transition to Bachelor were more likely to be in full-time employment Degree study were higher for both males and with no further education or training than those females from South East Queensland (39.7% from South East Queensland regardless of sex. and 49.6% respectively) than their peers from In Regional Queensland, 12.0% of males were Regional Queensland (23.0% and 35.4% working full-time compared to 8.3% in South respectively). East Queensland. For females, 10.3% from Regional Queensland were working full-time Similarly, rates of transition to VET Certificate compared to 6.0% in South East Queensland. IV or higher courses were also higher for both males and females from South East The percentage of Year 12 completers not in Queensland (6.8% and 9.1% respectively) than the labour force, education or training was their Regional Queensland counterparts (3.7% consistent between the regions and by sex. and 5.8% respectively). The regional difference in transition to apprenticeships was almost entirely attributable

82 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 8.2: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, by sex, Queensland 2016

Male - South East Female - South East Male - Regional Female - Regional Queensland Queensland Queensland Queensland

Region by study level Table 8.2 highlights the study level of Year 12 VET Certificate III study was more likely in completers who were in education or training Regional Queensland (21.3%) than in South from South East Queensland and Regional East Queensland (10.3%). This in part may be Queensland. attributable to higher transition rates to employment-based training in Regional Bachelor Degree study was more likely for Queensland. Year 12 completers in South East Queensland (69.6%) than those from Regional Queensland (56.8%).

Table 8.2: Level of study of Year 12 completers in education or training, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016 SOUTH EAST QUEENSLAND/REGIONAL QUEENSLAND South East Regional Total Level of study Queensland Queensland no. % no. % no. % Bachelor (Honours) Degree 43 0.2 13 0.2 56 0.2

Bachelor Degree 12 125 69.6 3 842 56.8 15 967 66.0

VET

Associate Degree 92 0.5 33 0.5 125 0.5

Advanced Diploma 57 0.3 27 0.4 84 0.3

Diploma 1 825 10.5 469 6.9 2 294 9.5

VET Certificate IV 446 2.6 240 3.5 686 2.8

VET Certificate III 1 789 10.3 1 444 21.3 3 233 13.4

VET Certificate II 218 1.3 176 2.6 394 1.6

VET Certificate I 48 0.3 32 0.5 80 0.3

VET unspecified 217 1.2 147 2.2 364 1.5

VET Total 4 692 26.9 2 568 38.0 7 260 30.0

Other 572 3.3 342 5.1 914 3.8

Total 17 432 100.0 6 765 100.0 24 197 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 83

Region by occupation The occupations for Year 12 completers from Assistants and Salespersons’ (21.9% for South South East Queensland and Regional East Queensland and 20.5% for Regional Queensland who were employed are presented Queensland). in Table 8.3. Year 12 completers from Regional Queensland Overall, occupational pathways were similar were slightly more likely to be employed as regardless of which region Year 12 completers ‘Automotive and Engineering Trades Workers’ attended school. (5.8% compared to 2.0% for those from South East Queensland). The most common occupational group for Year 12 completers, regardless of region was ‘Sales

Table 8.3: Occupational Sub-Major Group of Year 12 completers in employment, by South East Queensland/Regional Queensland, Queensland 2016 SOUTH EAST QUEENSLAND/REGIONAL QUEENSLAND South East Regional Total Occupation - Sub-Major Groupa Queensland Queensland no. % no. % no. % Sales Assistants and Salespersons 3 736 21.9 1 661 20.5 5 397 21.5

Sales Support Workers 2 694 15.8 1 123 13.9 3 817 15.2

Hospitality Workers 2 053 12.0 771 9.5 2 824 11.2

Food Preparation Assistants 1 388 8.1 529 6.5 1 917 7.6

Other Labourers 713 4.2 394 4.9 1 107 4.4

Food Trades Workers 644 3.8 313 3.9 957 3.8

Carers and Aides 615 3.6 333 4.1 948 3.8

Construction Trades Workers 617 3.6 205 2.5 822 3.3

Automotive and Engineering Trades Workers 346 2.0 466 5.8 812 3.2

Sports and Personal Service Workers 492 2.9 169 2.1 661 2.6

Electrotechnology and Telecommunications Trades Workers 281 1.6 230 2.8 511 2.0

Inquiry Clerks and Receptionists 340 2.0 158 2.0 498 2.0

Farm, Forestry and Garden Workers 129 0.8 293 3.6 422 1.7

General Clerical Workers 268 1.6 132 1.6 400 1.6

Other Technicians and Trades Workers 253 1.5 128 1.6 381 1.5

Cleaners and Laundry Workers 243 1.4 109 1.3 352 1.4

Road and Rail Drivers 254 1.5 75 0.9 329 1.3

Education Professionals 278 1.6 46 0.6 324 1.3

Construction and Mining Labourers 215 1.3 100 1.2 315 1.3

Clerical and Office Support Workers 167 1.0 97 1.2 264 1.0

Factory Process Workers 148 0.9 108 1.3 256 1.0

Skilled Animal and Horticultural Workers 169 1.0 83 1.0 252 1.0

Protective Service Workers 125 0.7 71 0.9 196 0.8

Engineering, ICT and Science Technicians 86 0.5 71 0.9 157 0.6

Hospitality, Retail and Service Managers 89 0.5 49 0.6 138 0.5

Other 710 4.2 379 4.7 1 089 4.3

Total 17 053 100.0 8 093 100.0 25 146 100.0 a Occupational groups are based on the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations. See Appendix 5 for further information.

84 Next Step Queensland 2016

Education Council zone The main destinations of Year 12 completers In contrast, the rates of transition to were also analysed by geographical location. apprenticeships and full-time employment The Education Council, formerly known as the tended to become higher as the geographical Standing Council on School Education and location was less urbanised. Year 12 Early Childhood, classification was used to completers from remote areas had the highest define the geographical location of each transition rate to apprenticeships while those student. Students were allocated, on the basis from very remote areas had the highest of the school they attended, to categories transition rate to full-time employment. based on remoteness and population of the Year 12 completers from remote and very location. remote areas of Queensland tended to be more Figure 8.3 shows that transitions to Bachelor likely to transition to part-time employment with Degree study were more likely for more no further education or training or to be seeking urbanised locations. That is, students from the work than those from provincial, urban and capital city of Brisbane were more likely than capital city areas. those in remote and very remote areas to enter Bachelor Degree study.

Figure 8.3: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by Education Council geographical location, Queensland 2016

Capital city Urban 100 000+ Provincial 25 000 to 99 999 Provincial <25 000 Remote Very Remote

Next Step Queensland 2016 85

ABS Statistical Area Level 4 Analysis was also conducted by Statistical Area Queensland - Outback to 82.6% in Brisbane Level 4 (SA4), based on the Australian Bureau Inner City. of Statistics’ Australian Statistical Geography Transitions to employment with no further Standard (ASGS) (2011). Boundaries for these education and training also varied across SA4s SA4s in South East Queensland and Regional ranging from 11.5% in Brisbane Inner City to Queensland are shown in Appendix 6. 45.3% in Queensland - Outback. Figure 8.4 shows the percentage of Year 12 The combined education, training and completers in post-school education, training or employment transition rates range from 81.2% employment with those in post-school in Logan - Beaudesert to 94.2% in Brisbane education or training highlighted separately to Inner City. those who were in employment with no further education or training. All regions were within 7.3 percentage points of the Queensland average of 86.8% of Year 12 The overall rate of entry to post-school completers engaged in education, training or education and training ranged from 38.3% in employment.

Figure 8.4: Percentage of Year 12 completers in post-school education, training or employment, by SA4, Queensland 2016

SOUTH EAST QUEENSLAND

Brisbane - East

Brisbane - North

Brisbane - South

Brisbane - West

Brisbane Inner City

Gold Coast

Ipswich

Logan - Beaudesert

Moreton Bay - North

Moreton Bay - South

Sunshine Coast

REGIONAL QUEENSLAND

Cairns

Darling Downs - Maranoa

Fitzroy

Mackay

Queensland - Outback

Toowoomba

Townsville

Wide Bay

0 20 40 60 80 100

% Education or training Employment Queensland

86 Next Step Queensland 2016

Bachelor Degree Table 8.4 shows the percentage of Year 12 Transition to Bachelor Degree study was completers undertaking a Bachelor Degree as highest in Brisbane Inner City (71.2%) and their main destination by SA4. lowest in Queensland - Outback (14.0%).

Table 8.4: Main destination (Bachelor Degree) of Year 12 completers, by SA4, Queensland 2016 MAIN DESTINATION Bachelor Degree Total Region no. %a no. South East Queensland

Brisbane - East 791 42.6 1 857

Brisbane - North 769 47.2 1 629

Brisbane - South 1 442 48.9 2 949

Brisbane - West 1 022 54.5 1 874

Brisbane Inner City 2 586 71.2 3 634

Gold Coast 1 818 41.0 4 433

Ipswich 798 34.6 2 305

Logan - Beaudesert 717 30.3 2 368

Moreton Bay - North 680 33.4 2 035

Moreton Bay - South 397 36.9 1 076

Sunshine Coast 1 077 36.9 2 920

South East Queensland Total 12 097 44.7 27 080

Regional Queensland

Cairns 610 29.3 2 082

Darling Downs - Maranoa 229 24.1 950

Fitzroy 622 29.1 2 134

Mackay 457 30.5 1 500

Queensland - Outback 48 14.0 342

Toowoomba 546 35.3 1 547

Townsville 703 33.6 2 092

Wide Bay 608 25.5 2 383

Regional Queensland Total 3 823 29.3 13 030

Total 15 920 39.7 40 110 a Percentages based on proportion within region.

Next Step Queensland 2016 87

Campus-based VET Table 8.5 shows the percentage of Year 12 Year 12 completers from Brisbane - South and completers undertaking campus-based VET as Logan - Beaudesert were most likely to be their main destination by SA4. studying VET Certificate IV or higher courses (10.3% and 10.1% respectively). Transition to campus-based VET programs was highest in Logan – Beaudesert (16.2%) and lowest in Brisbane Inner City (6.7%).

Table 8.5: Main destination (Campus-based VET) of Year 12 completers, by SA4, Queensland 2016 MAIN DESTINATION VET Cert VET Cert IV+ VET Cert III Total Region I–II/other no. %a no. %a no. %a no. South East Queensland

Brisbane - East 186 10.0 38 2.0 27 1.5 1 857

Brisbane - North 133 8.2 33 2.0 38 2.3 1 629

Brisbane - South 304 10.3 61 2.1 74 2.5 2 949

Brisbane - West 135 7.2 30 1.6 44 2.3 1 874

Brisbane Inner City 164 4.5 23 0.6 57 1.6 3 634

Gold Coast 411 9.3 78 1.8 108 2.4 4 433

Ipswich 171 7.4 70 3.0 71 3.1 2 305

Logan - Beaudesert 238 10.1 66 2.8 79 3.3 2 368

Moreton Bay - North 159 7.8 48 2.4 60 2.9 2 035

Moreton Bay - South 89 8.3 32 3.0 23 2.1 1 076

Sunshine Coast 175 6.0 66 2.3 83 2.8 2 920

South East Queensland Total 2 165 8.0 545 2.0 664 2.5 27 080

Regional Queensland

Cairns 84 4.0 80 3.8 65 3.1 2 082

Darling Downs - Maranoa 42 4.4 40 4.2 26 2.7 950

Fitzroy 81 3.8 63 3.0 81 3.8 2 134

Mackay 60 4.0 51 3.4 38 2.5 1 500

Queensland - Outback 12 3.5 7 2.0 10 2.9 342

Toowoomba 69 4.5 54 3.5 47 3.0 1 547

Townsville 139 6.6 75 3.6 46 2.2 2 092

Wide Bay 130 5.5 105 4.4 95 4.0 2 383

Regional Queensland Total 617 4.7 475 3.6 408 3.1 13 030

Total 2 782 6.9 1 020 2.5 1 072 2.7 40 110 a Percentages based on proportion within region.

88 Next Step Queensland 2016

Employment-based VET Table 8.6 shows the percentage of Year 12 The percentages of Year 12 completers completers undertaking employment-based undertaking an apprenticeship varied across VET (that is an apprenticeship or traineeship) the regions. There were higher percentages in as their main destination by SA4. Queensland - Outback and Darling Downs – Maranoa, both with 12.6% compared to 6.3% Participation in employment-based training was for Queensland overall. strongest in Darling Downs - Maranoa (16.8%) and lowest in Brisbane Inner City (4.8%) and in Brisbane - West (5.6%).

Table 8.6: Main destination (Employment-based VET) of Year 12 completers, by SA4, Queensland 2016 MAIN DESTINATION Apprenticeship Traineeship Total Region no. %a no. %a no. South East Queensland

Brisbane - East 117 6.3 50 2.7 1 857

Brisbane - North 113 6.9 28 1.7 1 629

Brisbane - South 121 4.1 57 1.9 2 949

Brisbane - West 67 3.6 38 2.0 1 874

Brisbane Inner City 118 3.2 55 1.5 3 634

Gold Coast 262 5.9 84 1.9 4 433

Ipswich 151 6.6 52 2.3 2 305

Logan - Beaudesert 143 6.0 70 3.0 2 368

Moreton Bay - North 140 6.9 44 2.2 2 035

Moreton Bay - South 59 5.5 20 1.9 1 076

Sunshine Coast 171 5.9 64 2.2 2 920

South East Queensland Total 1 462 5.4 562 2.1 27 080

Regional Queensland

Cairns 154 7.4 68 3.3 2 082

Darling Downs - Maranoa 120 12.6 40 4.2 950

Fitzroy 180 8.4 79 3.7 2 134

Mackay 164 10.9 62 4.1 1 500

Queensland - Outback 43 12.6 11 3.2 342

Toowoomba 113 7.3 50 3.2 1 547

Townsville 165 7.9 52 2.5 2 092

Wide Bay 137 5.7 59 2.5 2 383

Regional Queensland Total 1 076 8.3 421 3.2 13 030

Total 2 538 6.3 983 2.5 40 110 a Percentages based on proportion within region.

Next Step Queensland 2016 89

Employment with no further education or training Table 8.7 shows the transition to full-time and transition rates to part-time employment, part-time employment with no further education ranging from 25.4% to 22.9%. or training, by SA4. Brisbane Inner City had the lowest rate of Year Year 12 completers in Queensland - Outback 12 completers transitioning to employment with and Darling Downs – Maranoa had the highest no further education or training (11.5%), which transitions to full-time employment (19.9% and consisted of 3.8% employed full-time and 7.7% 16.6% respectively). employed part-time. Queensland – Outback, Sunshine Coast, Wide Bay and Fitzroy regions had the highest Table 8.7: Main destination (Working) of Year 12 completers, by SA4, Queensland 2016 MAIN DESTINATION Full-time Part-time Total Region employment employment no. %a no. %a no. South East Queensland

Brisbane - East 151 8.1 301 16.2 1 857

Brisbane - North 121 7.4 243 14.9 1 629

Brisbane - South 143 4.8 385 13.1 2 949

Brisbane - West 86 4.6 253 13.5 1 874

Brisbane Inner City 138 3.8 281 7.7 3 634

Gold Coast 402 9.1 773 17.4 4 433

Ipswich 161 7.0 426 18.5 2 305

Logan - Beaudesert 203 8.6 407 17.2 2 368

Moreton Bay - North 164 8.1 414 20.3 2 035

Moreton Bay - South 84 7.8 215 20.0 1 076

Sunshine Coast 278 9.5 691 23.7 2 920

South East Queensland Total 1 931 7.1 4 389 16.2 27 080

Regional Queensland

Cairns 230 11.0 449 21.6 2 082

Darling Downs - Maranoa 158 16.6 174 18.3 950

Fitzroy 221 10.4 488 22.9 2 134

Mackay 137 9.1 308 20.5 1 500

Queensland - Outback 68 19.9 87 25.4 342

Toowoomba 203 13.1 290 18.7 1 547

Townsville 172 8.2 398 19.0 2 092

Wide Bay 263 11.0 554 23.2 2 383

Regional Queensland Total 1 452 11.1 2 748 21.1 13 030

Total 3 383 8.4 7 137 17.8 40 110 a Percentages based on proportion within region.

90 Next Step Queensland 2016

Seeking work and Not in the labour force, education or training The final two main destinations of seeking work The percentage of Year 12 completers not in and not in the labour force, education and the labour force, education or training at the training are shown in Table 8.8. time of the survey was similar to the overall Queensland percentage of 2.4%. Figures The percentage of Year 12 completers seeking ranged from 1.5% (Queensland – Outback) to work varied from 15.8% in Logan - Beaudesert 3.1% (Cairns). to 4.1% in Brisbane Inner City. Table 8.8: Main destination (Seeking work and NILFET) of Year 12 completers, by SA4, Queensland 2016 MAIN DESTINATION Seeking work NILFET Total Region no. %a no. %a no. South East Queensland

Brisbane - East 164 8.8 32 1.7 1 857

Brisbane - North 120 7.4 31 1.9 1 629

Brisbane - South 281 9.5 81 2.7 2 949

Brisbane - West 149 8.0 50 2.7 1 874

Brisbane Inner City 150 4.1 62 1.7 3 634

Gold Coast 390 8.8 107 2.4 4 433

Ipswich 340 14.8 65 2.8 2 305

Logan - Beaudesert 373 15.8 72 3.0 2 368

Moreton Bay - North 266 13.1 60 2.9 2 035

Moreton Bay - South 133 12.4 24 2.2 1 076

Sunshine Coast 256 8.8 59 2.0 2 920

South East Queensland Total 2 622 9.7 643 2.4 27 080

Regional Queensland

Cairns 277 13.3 65 3.1 2 082

Darling Downs - Maranoa 97 10.2 24 2.5 950

Fitzroy 264 12.4 55 2.6 2 134

Mackay 198 13.2 25 1.7 1 500

Queensland - Outback 51 14.9 5 1.5 342

Toowoomba 143 9.2 32 2.1 1 547

Townsville 284 13.6 58 2.8 2 092

Wide Bay 369 15.5 63 2.6 2 383

Regional Queensland Total 1 683 12.9 327 2.5 13 030

Total 4 305 10.7 970 2.4 40 110 a Percentages based on proportion within region.

Local Government Area The main destination of Year 12 completers This figure excludes Year 12 completers whose also varied across Local Government Areas residential address was unknown and LGAs (LGAs), based on their residential address in with less than 50 respondents to the survey. 2015. Overall, 86.8% of Queensland Year 12 Figure 8.5 shows the percentage of Year 12 completers were in education, training or completers in post-school education, training or employment. This varied across LGAs from a employment with those in post-school high of 92.1% in Maranoa to a low of 79.5% in education or training highlighted separately to Fraser Coast. those who were in employment with no further Brisbane had the highest percentage of Year education or training. 12 completers in education or training (75.2%)

Next Step Queensland 2016 91

and the lowest percentage in employment Charters Towers had the lowest percentage in (15.3%). education or training (40.4%). Douglas had the highest percentage of Year 12 completers in employment (46.5%) while Figure 8.5: Percentage of Year 12 completers in post-school education, training or employment, by residential Local Government Area, Queensland 2016

Banana (S) Brisbane (C) Bundaberg (R) Burdekin (S) Cairns (R) Cassowary Coast (R) Central Highlands (R) Charters Towers (R) Douglas (S) Fraser Coast (R) Gladstone (R) Gold Coast (C) Goondiwindi (R) Gympie (R) Hinchinbrook (S) Ipswich (C) Isaac (R) Livingstone (S) Lockyer Valley (R) Logan (C) Mackay (R) Maranoa (R) Mareeba (S) Moreton Bay (R) Mount Isa (C) Noosa (S) North Burnett (R) Redland (C) Rockhampton (R) Scenic Rim (R) Somerset (R) South Burnett (R) Southern Downs (R) Sunshine Coast (R) Tablelands (R) Toowoomba (R) Townsville (C) Western Downs (R) Whitsunday (R)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Education or training Employment Queensland%

92 Next Step Queensland 2016

Chapter 9 – Indigenous Year 12 completers

This chapter outlines the destinations of Year 12 completers identified as being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin. Of the 2537 Indigenous Year 12 completers from 2015, 1607 responded to the 2016 Next Step survey; a response rate of 63.3% (compared to an overall response rate of 78.7%). Table 9.1 provides selected key characteristics of Indigenous Year 12 completers, first as a percentage of Indigenous Year 12 completers within each characteristic and then as a percentage of the Indigenous component of all Year 12 completers.

Table 9.1: Indigenous Year 12 completers, by selected key characteristics, Queensland 2016 Indigenous Queensland Characteristic no. %a %b Persons 1 607 4.0 - Male 765 47.6 3.8 Female 842 52.4 4.2 LBOTE 109 6.8 3.3 South East Queenslandc 677 42.1 2.5

Regional Queenslandc 930 57.9 7.1

VETiS qualificationd 1 241 77.2 5.1 VET Certificate Ie 720 44.8 5.2

VET Certificate IIe 831 51.7 5.9

VET Certificate IIIe 323 20.1 4.2

VET Certificate IV+e 36 2.2 3.3

SAT 317 19.7 6.3 QCIA 42 2.6 8.2

QCE 1 467 91.3 3.9 OP/IBD 423 26.3 1.9 Aged 15 years or younger 1 0.1 0.4

Aged 16 1 286 80.0 4.1

Aged 17 310 19.3 4.0

Aged 18 or older 10 0.6 2.2 a Percentages based on Indigenous Year 12 completers within characteristic as a proportion of all Indigenous Year 12 completers. b Percentages based on proportion of Indigenous Year 12 completers within characteristic against all Year 12 completers. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015. d Includes students who participated in a SAT and completed a VET qualification. e As students may obtain multiple VET certificates some students appear in more than one VET category.

Care should be taken when comparing findings can be noted that contact rates were lowest for in this chapter with those from other groups of remote Queensland areas and the provincial young people and over previous years. city of Townsville. Note also that, given the low Indigenous persons had substantially lower Indigenous year 12 populations associated with contact rates, and hence response rates, some regions, only a few non contacts can compared to other groups and as a result there substantially reduce the observed response is an increased risk that Indigenous responders rate and also small numbers mean that may have different destination patterns to the percentage point differences were not entire Indigenous Year 12 population. It is not statistically significant. possible to quantify the degree of bias but it

Next Step Queensland 2016 93

Main destination Figure 9.1 illustrates the main destination of Campus-based VET programs accounted for Indigenous Year 12 completers from 2015 who 15.5% and employment-based training responded to the 2016 Next Step survey. accounted for 10.4% of Indigenous Year 12 completers. The survey results show that 45.1% of Indigenous Year 12 completers continued in The Indigenous Year 12 completers who did some recognised form of education or training not enter post-school education or training in the year after they left school. The most (54.9%), were comprised of those who were common destination was Bachelor Degree employed (26.3%), seeking work (24.1%) and level programs (19.2%). those not in the labour force, education or training (4.5%).

Figure 9.1: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, Queensland 2016

24.1% 4.5% VET Categories Bachelor Degree (19.2%) VET Cert IV+ (6.7%) 6.7% VET Cert III (3.4%)

3.4% VET Cert I–II/other (5.4%) Apprenticeship (5.8%) 25.9% 5.4% 18.4% Traineeship (4.5%) Full-time employment (8.0%) 5.8% Part-time employment (18.4%)

4.5% Seeking work (24.1%) NILFET (4.5%) 8.0%

19.2%

Indigenous status Table 9.2 displays the destination of Year 12 completers had a similar rate of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Year 12 transition to employment with no further completers. education or training, regardless of Indigenous status. However, Indigenous Year 12 Indigenous Year 12 completers were more completers were more likely to be seeking work likely to be enrolled in VET education or than non-Indigenous Year 12 completers training (25.9%) than non-Indigenous Year 12 (24.1% and 10.2% respectively). completers (20.7%). Indigenous Year 12 completers were less likely than non-Indigenous Year 12 completers to enrol in a Bachelor Degree (19.2% compared to 40.5%).

94 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 9.2: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by Indigenous status, Queensland 2016 INDIGENOUS STATUS Indigenous Non-Indigenous Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 308 19.2 15 612 40.5 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 108 6.7 2 674 6.9 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 54 3.4 966 2.5 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 87 5.4 985 2.6 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 94 5.8 2 444 6.3 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 73 4.5 910 2.4 983 2.5

VET Total 416 25.9 7 979 20.7 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 128 8.0 3 255 8.5 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 295 18.4 6 842 17.8 7 137 17.8

Work Total 423 26.3 10 097 26.2 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 388 24.1 3 917 10.2 4 305 10.7

NILFET 72 4.5 898 2.3 970 2.4

Total 1 607 100.0 38 503 100.0 40 110 100.0

Main destination by sex Table 9.3 reports the main destination of courses (compared to 13.9% and 5.1% of Indigenous Year 12 completers by sex. Indigenous males respectively). Indigenous females were more likely to Indigenous males were more likely to be undertake higher levels of campus-based undertaking an apprenticeship (10.2% study, with 24.0% studying a Bachelor Degree compared to 1.9% of Indigenous females), and and 8.2% in VET Certificate IV or higher also more likely to be employed full-time (8.6% compared to 7.4% of females).

Table 9.3: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 106 13.9 202 24.0 308 19.2

VET

VET Cert IV+ 39 5.1 69 8.2 108 6.7

VET Cert III 15 2.0 39 4.6 54 3.4

VET Cert I–II/other 47 6.1 40 4.8 87 5.4

Apprenticeship 78 10.2 16 1.9 94 5.8

Traineeship 24 3.1 49 5.8 73 4.5

VET Total 203 26.5 213 25.3 416 25.9

Work

Full-time employment 66 8.6 62 7.4 128 8.0

Part-time employment 130 17.0 165 19.6 295 18.4

Work Total 196 25.6 227 27.0 423 26.3

Seeking work 220 28.8 168 20.0 388 24.1

NILFET 40 5.2 32 3.8 72 4.5

Total 765 100.0 842 100.0 1 607 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 95

Figure 9.2 presents the main destination of Males had very similar transition rates to Indigenous Year 12 completers and non- apprenticeships regardless of their Indigenous Indigenous Year 12 completers by sex. status (10.2% and 11.1% for Indigenous and non-Indigenous Year 12 completers Females were more likely than males to be respectively). studying a Bachelor degree, regardless of their Indigenous status, however non-Indigenous Indigenous males were more likely to enter the females were more likely to be studying at this labour force without undertaking further study level (45.9%) compared to Indigenous females than Indigenous females and non-Indigenous (24.0%). Year 12 completers, with 25.6% in paid employment and 28.8% seeking work.

Figure 9.2: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by sex, Queensland 2016

30 %

Male - Indigenous Female - Indigenous Male - Non-Indigenous Female - Non-Indigenous

Main destination by Indigenous Region Analysis of the main destination of Indigenous Table 9.4: Number of Indigenous Year 12 Year 12 completers was conducted by completers who responded to the Next Step Indigenous Region, based on the Australian survey by Indigenous Region, Bureau of Statistics’ Australian Statistical Queensland 2016 Geography Standard (ASGS) (2011). Indigenous Region no. Boundaries for these areas are shown in Brisbane 683 Appendix 7. Cairns - Atherton 212 Table 9.4 provides a breakdown on the number Cape York 23 of Indigenous Year 12 completers who Mount Isa 21 participated in the 2016 Next Step survey by Rockhampton 239 Indigenous Region. Toowoomba - Roma 143 Figure 9.3 shows the percentage of Indigenous Torres Strait 44 Year 12 completers in post-school education, Townsville - Mackay 242 training or employment with those in post- Total 1 607 school education or training highlighted separately to those who were in employment with no further education or training.

96 Next Step Queensland 2016

The rate of transition into study or paid Table 9.5 shows the main destination of employment for Indigenous Year 12 completers Indigenous Year 12 completers by Indigenous ranged from 65.1% in Cairns – Atherton to Area. Due to the small numbers of Indigenous 79.5% in Torres Strait. Year 12 completers in some Indigenous Areas care should be taken when comparing destinations across regions.

Figure 9.3: Percentage of Indigenous Year 12 completers in post-school education, training or employment, by Indigenous Region, Queensland 2016

50 % 40

Education or training Employment Queensland

Table 9.5: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by Indigenous Region, Queensland 2016 INDIGENOUS REGIONa Cairns - Cape Mount Rock- Toowoomba Torres Townsville Brisbane Main destination Atherton York Isa hampton - Roma Strait - Mackay % % % % % % % Bachelor Degree 26.4 12.3 4.3 14.3 14.6 9.8 20.5 16.5

VET

VET Cert IV+ 7.9 3.3 4.3 4.8 7.1 9.1 0.0 6.2

VET Cert III 2.0 7.1 4.3 0.0 2.9 4.9 0.0 4.1

VET Cert I–II/other 4.5 4.7 8.7 0.0 6.7 10.5 4.5 4.5

Apprenticeship 6.1 4.7 17.4 4.8 4.6 6.3 0.0 7.0

Traineeship 3.5 5.2 17.4 0.0 4.2 4.2 2.3 7.0

VET Total 24.2 25.0 52.2 9.5 25.5 35.0 6.8 28.9

Work

Full-time 8.5 7.1 0.0 19.0 6.7 8.4 20.5 5.8 employment Part-time 16.8 20.8 13.0 33.3 22.6 13.3 31.8 16.1 employment Work Total 25.3 27.8 13.0 52.4 29.3 21.7 52.3 21.9

Seeking work 19.6 28.8 26.1 23.8 25.1 30.8 15.9 29.3 NILFET 4.5 6.1 4.3 0.0 5.4 2.8 4.5 3.3

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 a Indigenous Region based on address of school attended in 2015.

Next Step Queensland 2016 97

Indigenous education and employment destinations Table 9.6 presents the labour market Figure 9.4 presents the same information as destinations of Indigenous Year 12 completers Table 9.6, but with the proportions of each by their study destination. This breakdown labour force destination within each study provides a more detailed picture than the main destination. destination information presented in the Indigenous Year 12 completers undertaking a previous section. Bachelor Degree were most likely to be Indigenous Year 12 completers undertaking an employed part-time (43.9%). apprenticeship or traineeship were most likely Seeking work was the most common labour to be studying at the VET Certificate III level force destination for Indigenous Year 12 (60.6% and 56.2% respectively). completers who were not studying (43.6%), Indigenous Year 12 completers who were not undertaking a VET Certificate I–II course in the labour force were most likely to be (44.7%) or undertaking a VET Certificate IV or undertaking a Bachelor Degree (37.0%) or not higher course (33.3%). studying (31.7%).

Table 9.6: Study destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by labour force destination, Queensland 2016 LABOUR FORCE DESTINATION Full-time Part-time Seeking Apprenticeship Traineeship NILF Total Study employment employment work destination % % % % % % % Bachelor Degree+ 0.0 2.7 4.2 27.3 14.4 37.0 19.3

VET Cert IV+ 11.7 9.6 2.1 6.4 7.4 13.7 7.8

VET Cert III 60.6 56.2 1.4 3.0 4.4 5.3 9.5

VET Cert I–II 2.1 9.6 0.0 1.4 3.0 2.2 2.4

Other 23.4 16.4 2.8 2.8 3.0 10.1 5.7

Not studying 2.1 5.5 89.5 59.1 68.0 31.7 55.3

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Figure 9.4: Labour force destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by study destination, Queensland 2016

25 % 20

0 Bachelor VET Cert IV+ VET Cert III VET Cert I–II Other Not Degree studying

Apprenticeship Traineeship Full-time employment Part-time employment Seeking work NILF

98 Next Step Queensland 2016

Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers over time Figure 9.5 shows a ten-year time series of the Movements across the ten-year period are main destination of Indigenous Year 12 broadly similar to those presented in Chapter 3 completers. The number of respondents and for the whole group of Year 12 completers response rates across these years are reported although the movements are somewhat more in Table 9.7. pronounced. The proportion of Indigenous Year 12 Table 9.7: Response rates of Indigeneous Year 12 completers, Queensland 2006–2016 completers transitioning to Bachelor Degree Response level programs increased to 19.2% in 2016 to Respondents Year Rate record the highest figure over the 10 year no. % period. 2006 601 59.3 Despite recent declines, study at Certificate 2007 770 71.6 level IV or higher has also generally increased 2008 805 64.2 over the last ten years from 3.8% in 2007 to 2009 949 61.5 6.7% in 2016. 2010 1 037 60.4 The downward trend in Indigenous Year 12 2011 1 101 60.3 completers undertaking employment-based 2012 1 166 63.5 training continued in 2016, particularly for 2013 1 295 65.4 apprenticeships with declined further to record 2014 1 333 64.4 the lowest figure for the ten year period. 2015 1 533 64.3 2016 1 607 63.3 A similar downward trend can be seen for the percentage of Indigenous Year 12 completers entering full-time employment without any further education or training, which has decreased from 14.4% in 2007 to 8.0% in 2016, after peaking in 2008 at 16.5%.

Figure 9.5: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, Queensland 2007–2016

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Next Step Queensland 2016 99

Education and training destinations of Indigenous Year 12 completers

Level of study Table 9.8 and Figure 9.6 present the study Bachelor Degree study was most common for level of all Indigenous male and female Year 12 both male and female Indigenous Year 12 completers in education or training. completers (34.9% and 49.3% respectively). Overall, the most common study levels were This section excludes six apprentices and Bachelor Degree and VET Certificate III, trainees who indicated that they had already accounting for 64.3% of Indigenous Year 12 completed the study component of their completers in education or training. training. Table 9.8: Level of study of Indigenous Year 12 completers in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Level of study no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 106 34.9 204 49.3 310 43.2

VET

Associate Degree 2 0.7 2 0.5 4 0.6

Advanced Diploma 0 0.0 1 0.2 1 0.1

Diploma 34 11.2 56 13.5 90 12.5

VET Certificate IV 12 3.9 19 4.6 31 4.3

VET Certificate III 75 24.7 77 18.6 152 21.2

VET Certificate II 21 6.9 9 2.2 30 4.2

VET Certificate I 6 2.0 2 0.5 8 1.1

VET unspecified 14 4.6 9 2.2 23 3.2

VET Total 164 53.9 175 42.3 339 47.2

Other 34 11.2 35 8.5 69 9.6

Total 304 100.0 414 100.0 718 100.0

Figure 9.6: Level of study of Indigenous Year 12 completers in education or training, by sex, Queensland 2016

% 20

Male Female

100 Next Step Queensland 2016

Field of study The study fields Indigenous Year 12 The field of study categories are based on the completers were enrolled in are shown in Australian Standard Classification of Education; Figure 9.7. Appendix 3 contains an explanation of the types of courses included in each field of study. The most common fields of study being undertaken by Indigenous Year 12 completers in education or training were ‘Health’ (16.3%) and ‘Management and Commerce’ (13.2%).

Figure 9.7: Field of study of Indigenous Year 12 completers in education or training, Queensland 2016

Health Management and Commerce Society and Culture Engineering and Related Technologies Food, Hospitality and Personal Services Creative Arts Architecture and Building Education Natural and Physical Sciences Mixed Field Programs Information Technology Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies Double Field of Study Other

0 3 6 9 12 15 18 %

Employment destinations of Indigenous Year 12 completers

Occupation Table 9.9 reports the occupations of Indigenous males were more likely than Indigenous Year 12 completers in employment Indigenous females to be working as by sex. ‘Bricklayers, and Carpenters and Joiners’ (5.7% compared to zero females) and Overall, ‘Sales Assistants and Salespersons’ ‘Miscellaneous Labourers’ (5.7% compared to and ‘Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers’ 0.5%). were the most common occupations, accounting for 32.8% of Indigenous Year 12 Occupation categories are based on the completers. Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations. Indigenous females were more likely than Indigenous males to be employed in both of these occupations, with 24.4% as ‘Sales Assistants and Salespersons’ (compared to 11.7% for males) and 19.9% as ‘Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers’ (compared to 7.1% for males). Indigenous females were also more likely than males to be employed as ‘Hospitality Workers’ (11.5% compared to 3.0%).

Next Step Queensland 2016 101

Table 9.9: Occupational Minor Group of Indigenous Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Occupation - Minor Group no. % no. % no. % Sales Assistants and Salespersons 43 11.7 108 24.4 151 18.7

Checkout Operators and Office Cashiers 26 7.1 88 19.9 114 14.1

Hospitality Workers 11 3.0 51 11.5 62 7.7

Food Preparation Assistants 26 7.1 33 7.4 59 7.3

Food Trades Workers 23 6.3 12 2.7 35 4.3

Miscellaneous Labourers 21 5.7 2 0.5 23 2.8

Bricklayers, and Carpenters and Joiners 21 5.7 0 0.0 21 2.6

Freight Handlers and Shelf Fillers 11 3.0 9 2.0 20 2.5

Child Carers 2 0.5 17 3.8 19 2.3

Sports and Fitness Workers 10 2.7 8 1.8 18 2.2

Construction and Mining Labourers 17 4.6 1 0.2 18 2.2

Farm, Forestry and Garden Workers 8 2.2 8 1.8 16 2.0

Clerical and Office Support Workers 3 0.8 10 2.3 13 1.6

Financial and Insurance Clerks 4 1.1 8 1.8 12 1.5

Fabrication Engineering Trades Workers 11 3.0 0 0.0 11 1.4

General Clerks 2 0.5 9 2.0 11 1.4

Receptionists 2 0.5 9 2.0 11 1.4

Mechanical Engineering Trades Workers 9 2.5 1 0.2 10 1.2

Cleaners and Laundry Workers 5 1.4 5 1.1 10 1.2

Automotive Electricians and Mechanics 8 2.2 1 0.2 9 1.1

Personal Carers and Assistants 3 0.8 6 1.4 9 1.1

Plumbers 8 2.2 0 0.0 8 1.0

Horticultural Trades Workers 8 2.2 0 0.0 8 1.0

Education Aides 1 0.3 7 1.6 8 1.0

Delivery Drivers 7 1.9 1 0.2 8 1.0

Electricians 6 1.6 1 0.2 7 0.9

Floor Finishers and Painting Trades Workers 6 1.6 0 0.0 6 0.7

Hairdressers 0 0.0 6 1.4 6 0.7

Defence Force Members, Fire Fighters and Police 5 1.4 1 0.2 6 0.7

Glaziers, Plasterers and Tilers 4 1.1 0 0.0 4 0.5

Electronics and Telecommunications Trades 4 1.1 0 0.0 4 0.5 Workers Miscellaneous Clerical and Administrative Workers 2 0.5 2 0.5 4 0.5

Packers and Product Assemblers 3 0.8 1 0.2 4 0.5

Retail Managers 1 0.3 2 0.5 3 0.4

Media Professionals 2 0.5 1 0.2 3 0.4

Sales, Marketing and Public Relations 1 0.3 2 0.5 3 0.4 Professionals Social and Welfare Professionals 1 0.3 2 0.5 3 0.4

Other 41 11.2 31 7.0 72 8.9

Total 366 100.0 443 100.0 809 100.0

102 Next Step Queensland 2016

Industry Indigenous Year 12 completers provided ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ details of the industry they are employed in, (compared to 22.1% of Indigenous males) and which is shown in Table 9.10 by sex. 28.0% in ‘Retail Trade’ (16.9% of males). ‘Accommodation and Food Services’ and Indigenous males were more likely than ‘Retail Trade’ were the two most common Indigenous females to be working in industries of employment for Indigenous Year ‘Construction’ (19.1% compared to 12 completers, accounting for 28.6% and 0.7%). 23.0% respectively. Industry categories are based on the Australian Indigenous females were more likely than their and New Zealand Standard Industrial male counterparts to be working in both of Classification; see Appendix 4. these industries, with 33.9% in

Table 9.10: Industry category of Indigenous Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Industry category no. % no. % no. % Accommodation and Food Services 81 22.1 150 33.9 231 28.6

Retail Trade 62 16.9 124 28.0 186 23.0

Construction 70 19.1 3 0.7 73 9.0

Health Care and Social Assistance 7 1.9 33 7.4 40 4.9

Arts and Recreation Services 19 5.2 18 4.1 37 4.6

Other Services 18 4.9 17 3.8 35 4.3

Manufacturing 20 5.5 10 2.3 30 3.7

Public Administration and Safety 15 4.1 15 3.4 30 3.7

Education and Training 10 2.7 18 4.1 28 3.5

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 13 3.6 8 1.8 21 2.6

Financial and Insurance Services 5 1.4 11 2.5 16 2.0

Mining 9 2.5 5 1.1 14 1.7

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services 4 1.1 9 2.0 13 1.6

Administrative and Support Services 4 1.1 9 2.0 13 1.6

Transport, Postal and Warehousing 9 2.5 3 0.7 12 1.5

Information Media and Telecommunications 2 0.5 3 0.7 5 0.6

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services 2 0.5 0 0.0 2 0.2

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services 1 0.3 1 0.2 2 0.2

Wholesale Trade 1 0.3 0 0.0 1 0.1

Other 14 3.8 6 1.4 20 2.5

Total 366 100.0 443 100.0 809 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 103

Hours worked Table 9.11 and Figure 9.8 compare the hours Male Indigenous Year 12 completers in worked by Indigenous Year 12 completers in employment were only slightly more likely to be employment by sex. employed part-time (55.7%) compared to full- time (44.3%). Overall, Indigenous males were The majority of female Indigenous Year 12 most likely to be working 40 or more hours per completers who were employed at the time of week (27.3%). the survey were working part-time (74.9%). Of this group of young people, 15–24 hours was the most common number of hours worked per week (30.2%).

Table 9.11: Hours worked per week of Indigenous Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016 SEX Male Female Total Hours worked per week no. % no. % no. % Part-time employment

1–7 14 3.8 42 9.5 56 6.9

8–14 50 13.7 87 19.6 137 16.9

15–24 90 24.6 134 30.2 224 27.7

25–34 50 13.7 69 15.6 119 14.7

Part-time employment Total 204 55.7 332 74.9 536 66.3

Full-time employment

35–39 62 16.9 56 12.6 118 14.6

40 or more 100 27.3 55 12.4 155 19.2

Full-time employment Total 162 44.3 111 25.1 273 33.7

Total 366 100.0 443 100.0 809 100.0

Figure 9.8: Hours worked per week by Indigenous Year 12 completers in employment, by sex, Queensland 2016

% 15

0 1–7 8–14 15–24 25–34 35–39 40 or more

Male Female

104 Next Step Queensland 2016

Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers by qualification

Queensland Certificate of Education Table 9.12 compares the main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers who received a the 91.3% of Indigenous Year 12 completers QCE were more likely to be undertaking a who received a Queensland Certificate of Bachelor Degree (20.7% compared to 3.6%). Education (QCE) with those who did not Young Indigenous people who did not receive a receive a QCE. Figure 9.9 presents this QCE were most likely to be seeking work information graphically. (30.0%).

Table 9.12: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by whether they received a QCE, Queensland 2016 RECEIVED A QCE Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 303 20.7 5 3.6 308 19.2

VET

VET Cert IV+ 103 7.0 5 3.6 108 6.7

VET Cert III 46 3.1 8 5.7 54 3.4

VET Cert I–II/other 61 4.2 26 18.6 87 5.4

Apprenticeship 92 6.3 2 1.4 94 5.8

Traineeship 64 4.4 9 6.4 73 4.5

VET Total 366 24.9 50 35.7 416 25.9

Work

Full-time employment 123 8.4 5 3.6 128 8.0

Part-time employment 278 19.0 17 12.1 295 18.4

Work Total 401 27.3 22 15.7 423 26.3

Seeking work 346 23.6 42 30.0 388 24.1

NILFET 51 3.5 21 15.0 72 4.5

Total 1 467 100.0 140 100.0 1 607 100.0

Figure 9.9: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by whether they received a QCE, Queensland 2016

% 15

Received a QCE Did not receive a QCE

Next Step Queensland 2016 105

Overall Position/International Baccalaureate Diploma The main destination of Indigenous Year 12 Bachelor Degree study (56.3%) was the most completers are shown in Table 9.13 according common destination of Indigenous Year 12 to whether they received an Overall Position completers who received an OP or were (OP) or were awarded an International awarded an IBD. Baccalaureate Diploma (IBD). Indigenous Year 12 completers who did not Of those Indigenous Year 12 completers who receive an OP or were not awarded an IBD responded to the survey, 26.3% received an were most likely to be seeking work (30.0%). OP or were awarded an IBD. Table 9.13: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by whether they received an OP or were awarded an IBD, Queensland 2016 RECEIVED OP OR AWARDED IBD Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 238 56.3 70 5.9 308 19.2

VET

VET Cert IV+ 22 5.2 86 7.3 108 6.7

VET Cert III 6 1.4 48 4.1 54 3.4

VET Cert I–II/other 11 2.6 76 6.4 87 5.4

Apprenticeship 5 1.2 89 7.5 94 5.8

Traineeship 13 3.1 60 5.1 73 4.5

VET Total 57 13.5 359 30.3 416 25.9

Work

Full-time employment 19 4.5 109 9.2 128 8.0

Part-time employment 66 15.6 229 19.3 295 18.4

Work Total 85 20.1 338 28.5 423 26.3

Seeking work 33 7.8 355 30.0 388 24.1

NILFET 10 2.4 62 5.2 72 4.5

Total 423 100.0 1 184 100.0 1 607 100.0

Vocational Education and Training in schools Table 9.14 and Figure 9.10 compare the main The most common post-school VET destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers destinations for Indigenous Year 12 completers who obtained a Vocational Education and who obtained a VET qualification at school Training (VET) qualification while at school and were VET Certificate IV or higher and those who either did not participate in VET or apprenticeships (7.6% and 6.8% respectively). complete their VET certificate while at school. Indigenous Year 12 completers who obtained a There were 77.2% of Indigenous Year 12 VET qualification were also more likely to be in completers who participated in the survey and employment with no further education or had obtained a VET qualification while at training than those who did not obtain a VET school. qualification (27.8% compared to 21.3%). Indigenous Year 12 completers who obtained a VET qualification were more likely to be Bachelor Degree study was more likely to be undertaking further VET education or training undertaken by Indigenous Year 12 completers than those who did not obtain a VET who did not obtain a VET qualification while at qualification (27.8% compared to 19.4%). school (34.2%) compared to those who did receive a VET qualification (14.7%).

106 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 9.14: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by whether they obtained a VET qualification, Queensland 2016 VET QUALIFICATION Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 183 14.7 125 34.2 308 19.2

VET

VET Cert IV+ 94 7.6 14 3.8 108 6.7

VET Cert III 43 3.5 11 3.0 54 3.4

VET Cert I–II/other 63 5.1 24 6.6 87 5.4

Apprenticeship 85 6.8 9 2.5 94 5.8

Traineeship 60 4.8 13 3.6 73 4.5

VET Total 345 27.8 71 19.4 416 25.9

Work

Full-time employment 112 9.0 16 4.4 128 8.0

Part-time employment 233 18.8 62 16.9 295 18.4

Work Total 345 27.8 78 21.3 423 26.3

Seeking work 316 25.5 72 19.7 388 24.1

NILFET 52 4.2 20 5.5 72 4.5

Total 1 241 100.0 366 100.0 1 607 100.0

Figure 9.10: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by whether they obtained a VET qualification, Queensland 2016

20 % 15

Obtained VET qualification Did not obtain VET qualification

Next Step Queensland 2016 107

School-based apprenticeships and traineeships Table 9.15 contains a comparison of the main Indigenous Year 12 completers who destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers participated in a SAT while at school were who participated in a school-based more likely to be undertaking an apprenticeship apprenticeship or traineeship (SAT), in which (9.5%) or traineeship (8.5%) than those that did part-time study was combined with part-time not participate in a SAT (5.0% and 3.6% paid employment. respectively). SATs were undertaken by 19.7% of Indigenous Year 12 completers who participated in the 2016 Next Step survey.

Table 9.15: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by whether they participated in a SAT, Queensland 2016 SAT PARTICIPATION Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 39 12.3 269 20.9 308 19.2

VET

VET Cert IV+ 27 8.5 81 6.3 108 6.7

VET Cert III 11 3.5 43 3.3 54 3.4

VET Cert I–II/other 15 4.7 72 5.6 87 5.4

Apprenticeship 30 9.5 64 5.0 94 5.8

Traineeship 27 8.5 46 3.6 73 4.5

VET Total 110 34.7 306 23.7 416 25.9

Work

Full-time employment 34 10.7 94 7.3 128 8.0

Part-time employment 58 18.3 237 18.4 295 18.4

Work Total 92 29.0 331 25.7 423 26.3

Seeking work 65 20.5 323 25.0 388 24.1

NILFET 11 3.5 61 4.7 72 4.5

Total 317 100.0 1 290 100.0 1 607 100.0

Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers by socioeconomic status The Australian Bureau of Statistics’ 2011 The percentage of Indigenous Year 12 Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) has completers transitioning to Bachelor Degree been used to analyse the main destination of study increased as SES increased (11.1% in Indigenous Year 12 completers by the lowest SES quartile to 32.9% in the highest socioeconomic status (SES), based on the SES quartile). residential address of the students. Year 12 Indigenous Year 12 completers who were completers were assigned to a SES quartile seeking work also displayed an association based on the state percentile rank for the Index with SES with 29.7% of those from the lowest of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage. SES quartile in this main destination compared Table 9.16 and Figure 9.11 show the main to 16.0% in the highest SES quartile. destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers based on their SES quartile.

108 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 9.16: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by socioeconomic status, Queensland 2016 SOCIOECONOMIC STATUSa Lowest Second lowest Second highest Highest

Main destination SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile no. % no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 76 11.1 82 21.5 76 24.0 74 32.9

VET

VET Cert IV+ 44 6.4 34 8.9 19 6.0 11 4.9

VET Cert III 27 3.9 12 3.1 13 4.1 2 0.9

VET Cert I–II/other 54 7.9 12 3.1 12 3.8 9 4.0

Apprenticeship 29 4.2 26 6.8 21 6.6 18 8.0

Traineeship 29 4.2 15 3.9 12 3.8 17 7.6

VET Total 183 26.8 99 26.0 77 24.3 57 25.3

Work

Full-time employment 44 6.4 34 8.9 33 10.4 17 7.6

Part-time employment 136 19.9 74 19.4 51 16.1 34 15.1

Work Total 180 26.3 108 28.3 84 26.5 51 22.7

Seeking work 203 29.7 80 21.0 69 21.8 36 16.0

NILFET 42 6.1 12 3.1 11 3.5 7 3.1

Total 684 100.0 381 100.0 317 100.0 225 100.0 a Excludes 14 respondents for whom socioeconomic status could not be determined, based on residential address.

Figure 9.11: Main destination of Indigenous Year 12 completers, by socioeconomic status, Queensland 2016

20 % 15

Lowest Second lowest Second highest Highest SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile

Next Step Queensland 2016 109

Chapter 10 – Main destinations of Year 12 completers by subgroups

This chapter examines the main destinations of Year 12 completers according to the certificates and qualifications obtained while in Year 12 (QCE, OP, IBD, QCIA, VET and participation in a SAT), as well as students with a disability, language background, international visa status and socioeconomic status. Naturally, the decisions made by Year 12 completers while still at school will heavily impact on their options and interests for post-school destinations. For example, those who participated in a SAT may have done so with the intention of completing their qualification in employment-based training or entering full-time employment after completing Year 12. Conversely, those who satisfied the criteria for an OP or IBD may be more inclined to pursue an academic pathway, especially at university. This trend should be kept in mind when interpreting the findings within this chapter. Detailed examinations of the main destinations of Year 12 completers by sex, age, geographic location and Indigenous status are provided in earlier chapters.

Queensland Certificate of Education Table 10.1 compares the main destination of those who did not receive a QCE. On the Year 12 completers who received a following page, Figure 10.1 presents this Queensland Certificate of Education (QCE) and information graphically.

Table 10.1: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by whether they received a QCE, Queensland 2016 RECEIVED A QCE Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 15 762 41.5 158 7.4 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 2 595 6.8 187 8.7 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 932 2.5 88 4.1 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 879 2.3 193 9.0 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 2 407 6.3 131 6.1 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 926 2.4 57 2.7 983 2.5

VET Total 7 739 20.4 656 30.6 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 3 210 8.5 173 8.1 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 6 725 17.7 412 19.2 7 137 17.8

Work Total 9 935 26.2 585 27.3 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 3 814 10.0 491 22.9 4 305 10.7

NILFET 719 1.9 251 11.7 970 2.4

Total 37 969 100.0 2 141 100.0 40 110 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 111

The majority (94.7%) of respondents to the 7.4% were also undertaking a Bachelor survey received a QCE; this is an increase Degree. from 92.7% in the previous year. However, young people who did not receive a QCE recipients were more likely to transition QCE were more likely to undertake VET into further education and training (61.9%) education or training (30.6% compared to compared to those who did not receive a QCE 20.4%), be seeking work (22.9% compared to (38.0%). 10.0%), or be not in the labour force, education or training (11.7% compared to 1.9%) than QCE recipients were most likely to undertake those who did receive a QCE. Bachelor Degree study (41.5%). Of those Year 12 completers who did not receive a QCE,

Figure 10.1: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by whether they received a QCE, Queensland 2016

25 % 20

Received a QCE Did not receive a QCE

Overall Position/International Baccalaureate Diploma Table 10.2 reports the main destination of Year In particular, these young people were more 12 completers according to whether they likely to be undertaking an apprenticeship received an Overall Position (OP) or were (12.3% compared to 1.6% for respondents who awarded an International Baccalaureate received an OP). Respondents who were Diploma (IBD). awarded an IBD did not transition into an apprenticeship. The 2016 Next Step survey showed that 54.7% of respondents received an OP and Year 12 completers who did not receive an OP 0.9% were awarded an IBD. These two groups and were not awarded an IBD were more likely of Year 12 completers were more likely to enrol to enter employment without further study in Bachelor Degree study (65.3% for OP (36.5% compared to 18.2% for OP recipients recipients and 83.1% for IBD awardees) than and 11.1% for IBD awardees); yet they were those who did not receive an OP or were not also more likely to be seeking work (18.6% awarded an IBD (7.3%). compared to 4.5% and 1.4% respectively). Year 12 completers who did not receive an OP and were not awarded an IBD were more likely to be participating in a VET destination (33.9% compared to 10.7% for OP recipients and 2.2% for IBD awardees).

112 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 10.2: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by whether they received an OP or were awarded an IBD, Queensland 2016 RECEIVED OP OR AWARDED IBD OP IBD Neither Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 14 329 65.3 299 83.1 1 292 7.3 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 1 037 4.7 2 0.6 1 743 9.8 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 208 0.9 1 0.3 811 4.6 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 361 1.6 3 0.8 708 4.0 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 344 1.6 0 0.0 2 194 12.3 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 400 1.8 2 0.6 581 3.3 983 2.5

VET Total 2 350 10.7 8 2.2 6 037 33.9 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 1 303 5.9 9 2.5 2 071 11.6 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 2 688 12.2 31 8.6 4 418 24.8 7 137 17.8

Work Total 3 991 18.2 40 11.1 6 489 36.5 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 992 4.5 5 1.4 3 308 18.6 4 305 10.7

NILFET 289 1.3 8 2.2 673 3.8 970 2.4

Total 21 951 100.0 360 100.0 17 799 100.0 40 110 100.0

Main destinations by OP/IBD over time Figure 10.2 shows a ten-year time series from undertaking Bachelor Degree study. This has 2007 to 2016, of the main destination of Year increased from 52.5% in 2007 to 65.6% in 12 completers who received an OP or were 2016. awarded an IBD. There has been a decrease in the percentage There has been a steady increase in the of young people entering full-time employment percentage of Year 12 completers who without further study since peaking at 14.7% in received an OP or were awarded an IBD 2008. Figure 10.2: Main destination of Year 12 completers who received an OP or obtained an IBD, Queensland 2007–2016

40 % 30

2007* 2008* 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

* 2007 and 2008 do not include Year 12 completers who were awarded an IBD, as this information was not collected separately.

Next Step Queensland 2016 113

Vocational Education and Training in schools Table 10.3 compares the main destination of Year 12 completers who obtained a VET Year 12 completers who obtained a Vocational qualification at school were more likely to Education and Training (VET) qualification undertake further VET education or training while at school with those who did not. Figure than other Year 12 completers (26.0% 10.3 also compares this information compared to 13.0%). The most popular VET graphically. study choices for this group were apprenticeships (8.9%) or VET Certificate IV or Of those Year 12 completers responding to the higher (8.2%). 2016 Next Step survey, 60.9% completed school with a VET qualification. This compares Year 12 completers who obtained a VET to 61.3 in the 2015 survey and 65.6 per cent in qualification were more likely to be in the 2014 survey. employment with no further education or training (31.2% compared to 18.5%). Bachelor Degree study was the most common pathway for Year 12 completers who obtained a VET qualification (26.9%), but those who did not obtain a VET qualification were also more likely to follow this path (59.7%).

Table 10.3: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by whether they obtained a VET qualification, Queensland 2016 VET QUALIFICATION Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 6 556 26.9 9 364 59.7 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 1 993 8.2 789 5.0 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 804 3.3 216 1.4 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 692 2.8 380 2.4 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 2 163 8.9 375 2.4 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 699 2.9 284 1.8 983 2.5

VET Total 6 351 26.0 2 044 13.0 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 2 447 10.0 936 6.0 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 5 162 21.1 1 975 12.6 7 137 17.8

Work Total 7 609 31.2 2 911 18.5 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 3 326 13.6 979 6.2 4 305 10.7

NILFET 575 2.4 395 2.5 970 2.4

Total 24 417 100.0 15 693 100.0 40 110 100.0

114 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 10.3: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by whether they obtained a VET qualification, Queensland 2016

% 30

Obtained VET qualification Did not obtain VET qualification

Main destination by level of VET qualification A breakdown of the main destination of Year 12 Year 12 completers who obtained a VET completers who obtained a VET qualification Certificate IV or higher qualification were more while at school by the level of the qualification likely to transition to Bachelor Degree study is presented in Figure 10.4. than those young people who obtained a VET Certificate at a lower level. It is important to note that Year 12 completers can obtain more than one VET qualification at Transition to employment-based training, various levels. Consequently, some Year 12 particularly apprenticeships, was more completers may be included in more than one common for Year 12 completers who obtained VET category in this figure. a VET certificate I or II.

Figure 10.4: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by level of VET qualification, Queensland 2016

VET Cert IV+ VET Cert III VET Cert II VET Cert I

Next Step Queensland 2016 115

Main destination by VET qualification over time Figure 10.5 shows a ten-year time series from After a sharp decline from 2008, the proportion 2007 to 2016 of the main destination of Year 12 of Year 12 completers with a VET qualification completers who were awarded a VET transitioning into employment-based training or qualification while at school. full-time employment with no further education or training appears to have stabilised in recent The percentage of Year 12 completers who years. transitioned to Bachelor Degree study has declined over the last three years after steadily increasing over the preceding six years.

Figure 10.5: Main destination of Year 12 completers who obtained a VET qualification, Queensland 2007–2016

% 15

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

School-based apprenticeships and traineeships Table 10.4 compares the main destination of Year 12 completers who did not participate in a Year 12 completers based on whether they SAT were much more likely to undertake participated in a school-based apprenticeship Bachelor Degree study (42.9%). or traineeship (SAT), in which part-time study Young people who participated in a SAT were was combined with part-time paid employment. more likely than other Year 12 completers to be School-based apprenticeships and traineeships employed with no further education or training were undertaken by 12.6% of Year 12 (33.6% compared to 25.2%). completers who participated in the 2016 Next Step survey. Of the campus-based education and training destinations, Bachelor Degree (17.2%) and VET Certificate IV or higher courses (8.6%) were common pathways for SAT participants.

116 Next Step Queensland 2016

Table 10.4: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by whether they participated in a SAT, Queensland 2016 SAT PARTICIPATION Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 871 17.2 15 049 42.9 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 435 8.6 2 347 6.7 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 137 2.7 883 2.5 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 108 2.1 964 2.8 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 1 000 19.7 1 538 4.4 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 272 5.4 711 2.0 983 2.5

VET Total 1 952 38.5 6 443 18.4 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 636 12.6 2 747 7.8 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 1 068 21.1 6 069 17.3 7 137 17.8

Work Total 1 704 33.6 8 816 25.2 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 466 9.2 3 839 11.0 4 305 10.7

NILFET 74 1.5 896 2.6 970 2.4

Total 5 067 100.0 35 043 100.0 40 110 100.0

Main destination by SAT participation over time Figure 10.6 shows a ten-year time series from over the previous four years after remaining 2007 to 2016 of the main destination of Year 12 relatively stable between 2007 and 2011. completers who participated in a SAT. There has been an increase in the last ten The percentage of Year 12 completers who years of the percentage of Year 12 completers participated in a SAT continuing in who participated in a SAT and transitioned to employment-based training has decreased part-time employment or seeking work.

Figure 10.6: Main destination of Year 12 completers who participated in a SAT, Queensland 2007–2016

% 15

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Next Step Queensland 2016 117

OP/IBD and VET qualification Figure 10.7 explores destination trends for • those who did not receive an OP and were Year 12 completers based on different not awarded an IBD, and did not obtain a combinations of outcomes achieved at school. VET qualification. It covers these four combinations: Overall, the patterns shown reflect similar • those who received an OP or were patterns to Tables 10.2 and 10.3. However awarded an IBD, and obtained a VET there are some patterns worth noting. qualification Regardless of whether Year 12 completers • those who received an OP or were obtained a VET qualification, those who awarded an IBD, and did not obtain a VET received an OP or were awarded an IBD were qualification most likely to transition to Bachelor Degree study. Year 12 completers who did not receive • those who did not receive an OP and were an OP and were not awarded an IBD were not awarded an IBD, but obtained a VET more likely to be working part-time or seeking qualification work.

Figure 10.7: Main destination of Year 12 completers who received an OP, were awarded an IBD or obtained VET qualification, Queensland 2016

40 % 30

OP/IBD and VET OP/IBD and Non-VET Non-OP/IBD and VET Non-OP/IBD and Non-VET

118 Next Step Queensland 2016

Queensland Certificate of Individual Achievement The Queensland Certificate of Individual Table 10.5: Main destination of Year 12 Achievement (QCIA) recognises the completers who received a QCIA, achievements of students who undertake Queensland 2016 individual learning programs. To be eligible, RECEIVED A QCIA students must have impairments or difficulties Main destination no. % in learning that are not primarily due to Bachelor Degree 0 0.0 socioeconomic, cultural or linguistic factors. VET

Table 10.5 shows the main destinations of Year VET Cert IV+ 7 1.4

12 completers who received a QCIA. The VET Cert III 12 2.3 number of Year 12 completers receiving a VET Cert I–II/other 92 17.9

QCIA was quite small (513 or only 1.3% of Apprenticeship 2 0.4

Year 12 completers who participated in the Traineeship 8 1.6 2016 Next Step survey). VET Total 121 23.6

Of those who continued in further education or Work training (23.6%), most undertook a VET Full-time employment 11 2.1

Certificate I–II or other course (17.9%). Part-time employment 79 15.4

Work Total 90 17.5 Of those who entered the labour force, 25.5% were seeking work, 15.4% were in part-time Seeking work 131 25.5 employment and 2.1% were in full-time NILFET 171 33.3 employment. Total 513 100.0 A further 33.3% of Year 12 completers who received a QCIA were not in the labour force, education or training at the time of the survey.

Students with disabilities The term 'disability' as defined by the Disability Discrimination Act 1992 (Cth) and recognised Table 10.6: Main destination of Year 12 completers with a verified disability, by DET, is much broader than the six specific Queensland 2016 impairment areas recognised for additional VERIFIED DISABILITY targeted resourcing by the department’s Main destination Education Adjustment Program (EAP). no. % Bachelor Degree 123 9.8 DET’s EAP is a process for identifying and VET responding to the educational needs of VET Cert IV+ 78 6.2 students with disability who require significant VET Cert III 76 6.0 education adjustments relating to their specific VET Cert I–II/other 124 9.8 impairment. More information on the EAP, Apprenticeship 34 2.7 including the specific impairment areas, can be Traineeship 30 2.4 found at http://education.qld.gov.au/students/ VET Total 342 27.1 disabilities/adjustment/. Work Table 10.6 presents the main destination of Full-time employment 49 3.9 Year 12 completers who had a verified Part-time employment 209 16.6 disability and received additional target Work Total 258 20.5 resourcing from DET. In 2016, 1261 or 3.1% of young people who participated in the Next Step Seeking work 313 24.8 survey were identified as having a verified NILFET 225 17.8 disability. Total 1 261 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 119

Of the Year 12 completers who had a verified Table 10.7: Year 12 completers with a disability, 36.9% were continuing in post-school verified disability, by specific impairment education or training, most commonly at the area, Queensland 2016 – Bachelor Degree and VET Certificate I II/other Specific impairment area no. % level (9.8%). Autism Spectrum Disorder 539 42.7 A further 45.3% of Year 12 completers with a Intellectual Disability 429 34.0 verified disability entered the labour force with Physical Impairment 104 8.2 no education or training and were employed Hearing Impairment 91 7.2 full-time (3.9%), part-time (16.6%) or seeking Speech-Language Impairment 67 5.3 work (24.8%). Vision Impairment 31 2.5 In 2016, verified disability data from the Next Total 1 261 100.0 Step survey was able to be disaggregated by the six specific impairment areas; Autism Spectrum Disorder, Hearing Impairment, Year 12 completers with a verified disability of Intellectual Disability, Physical Impairment, Hearing Impairment had high rates of transition Speech-Language Impairment, and Vision into Part-time employment (25.3%) and Impairment. Bachelor Degree (23.1%). Table 10.7 lists the number of Year 12 Year 12 completers with Speech-Language completers with a verified disability who Impairments, Autism Spectrum Disorder and participated in the Next Step survey by their Physical Impairment were most likely to be specific impairment area. seeking work (26.9%, 26.5% and 23.1% respectively). Figure 10.8 provides a breakdown of the main destination of Year 12 completers with verified Year 12 completers with a verified impairment disability by specific impairment area. area of Intellectual Disability were most likely to be not in the labour force, education or training Bachelor Degree was the most common main (29.1%). destination for Year 12 completers who had a verified disability in the areas of Vision Impairment (32.3%).

Figure 10.8: Main destination of Year 12 completers with a verified disability, by specific impairment area, Queensland 2016

20 % 15

Autism Spectrum Disorder Hearing Impairment Intellectual Disability Physical Impairment Speech-Language Impairment Vision Impairment

120 Next Step Queensland 2016

International study visa status Table 10.8 displays the survey respondents the small numbers involved and the low who were studying in Queensland on an response rate achieved for this group of young international study visa. Year 12 completers people (58.3%). who studied in Queensland on an international It is also worth noting that due to the inherent study visa made strong transitions to Bachelor difficulties in contacting Year 12 completers Degree study (51.6%) and VET Certificate IV or who have returned overseas, responses from higher courses (12.0%). international study visa students were more Caution is needed in forming conclusions about likely to have been from those who were still in the destinations of these students because of Australia at the time of the survey.

Table 10.8: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by international study visa status, Queensland 2016 INTERNATIONAL STUDY VISA Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 292 51.6 15 628 39.5 15 920 39.7

VET

VET Cert IV+ 68 12.0 2 714 6.9 2 782 6.9

VET Cert III 18 3.2 1 002 2.5 1 020 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 25 4.4 1 047 2.6 1 072 2.7

Apprenticeship 9 1.6 2 529 6.4 2 538 6.3

Traineeship 9 1.6 974 2.5 983 2.5

VET Total 129 22.8 8 266 20.9 8 395 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 21 3.7 3 362 8.5 3 383 8.4

Part-time employment 61 10.8 7 076 17.9 7 137 17.8

Work Total 82 14.5 10 438 26.4 10 520 26.2

Seeking work 44 7.8 4 261 10.8 4 305 10.7

NILFET 19 3.4 951 2.4 970 2.4

Total 566 100.0 39 544 100.0 40 110 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 121

Language background other than English Table 10.9 and Figure 10.9 show the main Conversely, LBOTE Year 12 completers were destination of Year 12 completers according to less likely to be employed with no further whether they identified as having a language education or training (13.3% compared to background other than English (LBOTE). This 27.4%), or to enter employment-based training section excludes 566 who were studying in (3.2% compared to 9.3%). Queensland on international study visas. It should be noted that these comparisons are LBOTE Year 12 completers demonstrated broad and do not differentiate between higher rates of transition to Bachelor Degree students of different non-English language study than those from an English-speaking backgrounds. background (58.0% compared to 38.1%).

Table 10.9: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by language background, Queensland 2016 LBOTEa Yes No Total Main destination no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 1 659 58.0 13 969 38.1 15 628 39.5

VET

VET Cert IV+ 220 7.7 2 494 6.8 2 714 6.9

VET Cert III 79 2.8 923 2.5 1 002 2.5

VET Cert I–II/other 81 2.8 966 2.6 1 047 2.6

Apprenticeship 51 1.8 2 478 6.8 2 529 6.4

Traineeship 42 1.5 932 2.5 974 2.5

VET Total 473 16.5 7 793 21.2 8 266 20.9

Work

Full-time employment 124 4.3 3 238 8.8 3 362 8.5

Part-time employment 256 8.9 6 820 18.6 7 076 17.9

Work Total 380 13.3 10 058 27.4 10 438 26.4

Seeking work 262 9.2 3 999 10.9 4 261 10.8

NILFET 88 3.1 863 2.4 951 2.4

Total 2 862 100.0 36 682 100.0 39 544 100.0 a Excludes 566 International visa students.

122 Next Step Queensland 2016

Figure 10.9: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by language background, Queensland 2016

% 30

LBOTE Non-LBOTE

Socioeconomic status The Australian Bureau of Statistics’ 2011 a SES quartile based on the state percentile Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) has rank for the Index of Relative Socio-Economic been used to analyse the main destinations of Disadvantage. Year 12 completers by socioeconomic status Table 10.10 provides selected key (SES), based on the residential address of the characteristics of Year 12 completers based on students. Year 12 completers were assigned to their SES.

Table 10.10: Selected key characteristics of Year 12 completers, by socioeconomic status, Queensland 2016 SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS Lowest Second lowest Second highest Highest

Characteristic SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile no. %a no. %a no. %a no. %a Persons 8 160 20.3 8 757 21.8 10 430 26.0 12 763 31.8 Male 3 992 20.1 4 283 21.5 5 152 25.9 6 452 32.5

Female 4 168 20.6 4 474 22.1 5 278 26.1 6 311 31.2

Indigenous 684 42.6 381 23.7 317 19.7 225 14.0

Non-Indigenous 7 476 19.4 8 376 21.8 10 113 26.3 12 538 32.6

LBOTEb 768 26.8 549 19.2 706 24.7 839 29.3

South East Queenslandc 4 294 15.9 5 213 19.3 7 493 27.7 10 080 37.2

Regional Queenslandc 3 866 29.7 3 544 27.2 2 937 22.5 2 683 20.6

VET qualification 5 750 23.5 5 759 23.6 6 570 26.9 6 338 26.0

SAT 1 113 22.0 1 193 23.5 1 450 28.6 1 311 25.9

QCIA 177 34.5 126 24.6 107 20.9 103 20.1

QCE 7 532 19.8 8 254 21.7 9 945 26.2 12 238 32.2

OP/IBD 3 457 15.5 4 378 19.6 5 804 26.0 8 672 38.9 a Percentages based on proportion within characteristic. b Excludes international visa students. c South East Queensland/Regional Queensland location based on address of school attended in 2015.

Next Step Queensland 2016 123

The association between SES and the main Transition to employment with no further study destination of Year 12 completers is illustrated or training was higher in the more in Table 10.11 and Figure 10.10. socioeconomically disadvantaged areas (29.4% in the lowest SES quartile compared to Year 12 completers from the highest SES 21.3% in the highest SES quartile). quartile were more likely than those from the lowest SES quartile to enter university (51.9% compared to 27.3%).

Table 10.11: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by socioeconomic status, Queensland 2016 SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS Lowest Second lowest Second highest Highest

Main destination SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile no. % no. % no. % no. % Bachelor Degree 2 229 27.3 2 948 33.7 4 115 39.5 6 628 51.9

VET

VET Cert IV+ 584 7.2 621 7.1 762 7.3 815 6.4

VET Cert III 317 3.9 257 2.9 244 2.3 202 1.6

VET Cert I–II/other 321 3.9 222 2.5 248 2.4 281 2.2

Apprenticeship 470 5.8 588 6.7 751 7.2 729 5.7

Traineeship 200 2.5 232 2.6 271 2.6 280 2.2

VET Total 1 892 23.2 1 920 21.9 2 276 21.8 2 307 18.1

Work

Full-time employment 757 9.3 799 9.1 966 9.3 861 6.7

Part-time employment 1 643 20.1 1 781 20.3 1 857 17.8 1 856 14.5

Work Total 2 400 29.4 2 580 29.5 2 823 27.1 2 717 21.3

Seeking work 1 362 16.7 1 095 12.5 977 9.4 871 6.8

NILFET 277 3.4 214 2.4 239 2.3 240 1.9

Total 8 160 100.0 8 757 100.0 10 430 100.0 12 763 100.0

Figure 10.10: Main destination of Year 12 completers, by socioeconomic status, Queensland 2016

30 %

Lowest Second lowest Second highest Highest SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile

124 Next Step Queensland 2016

The main reason for not continuing with study The main reasons for not continuing with study was also examined by the socioeconomic that tended to decrease as SES increased background of Year 12 completers, as shown were ‘Wanted to earn more money’ and ‘Not in Table 10.12. interested in further study/already finished studying’. The percentage of Year 12 completers who indicated that they ‘Wanted a break from study’ SES had less influence over the other main as the main reason for not studying tended to reasons for not studying provided by Year 12 increase as SES increased (12.0% in the completers. lowest SES quartile to 18.5% in the highest quartile).

Table 10.12: Main reason of Year 12 completers for not studying, by socioeconomic status, Queensland 2016 SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS Lowest Second lowest Second highest Highest

Main reason SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile SES quartile no. % no. % no. % no. % Undecided and considering options 659 16.3 657 16.9 717 17.8 664 17.3

Wanted a break from study 486 12.0 501 12.9 600 14.9 707 18.5

Not interested in further study/already finished studying 444 11.0 425 10.9 421 10.4 341 8.9

Wanted to earn own money 437 10.8 397 10.2 405 10.0 274 7.2

Looking for work/apprenticeship/traineeship 385 9.5 383 9.8 327 8.1 310 8.1

Waiting for course/training to begin 239 5.9 197 5.1 225 5.6 225 5.9

Don't feel ready for study at the moment 180 4.5 201 5.2 187 4.6 202 5.3

Course fees and other costs are a barrier 210 5.2 175 4.5 173 4.3 136 3.6

Work commitments 171 4.2 147 3.8 180 4.5 157 4.1

Going into, or already in, the armed services 134 3.3 169 4.3 140 3.5 171 4.5

Working in order to finance further study 163 4.0 148 3.8 166 4.1 124 3.2

Disability 92 2.3 99 2.5 72 1.8 78 2.0

Don't meet the entry criteria for the program I want to do 65 1.6 69 1.8 70 1.7 68 1.8

Health reasons 58 1.4 61 1.6 41 1.0 79 2.1

Sports commitments 30 0.7 26 0.7 39 1.0 57 1.5

Would have to move away from home 45 1.1 32 0.8 37 0.9 33 0.9

Family commitments - excluding pregnancy/parenting 42 1.0 32 0.8 20 0.5 14 0.4

Family commitments - parenting own child 13 0.3 12 0.3 9 0.2 7 0.2

Working to qualify for independent Youth Allowance 5 0.1 13 0.3 9 0.2 3 0.1

Pregnancy 5 0.1 8 0.2 8 0.2 0 0.0

Other 176 4.4 137 3.5 193 4.8 178 4.6

Total 4 039 100.0 3 889 100.0 4 039 100.0 3 828 100.0

Next Step Queensland 2016 125

Main destination by lowest SES quartile over time Young people from lower socioeconomic The trends for this group of young people are backgrounds can often be more vulnerable to similar to those seen for all Year 12 completers the effects of the broader macroeconomic in Chapter 3. However, the magnitude of the environment to which they transition in to after movements is amplified, particularly for part- completing Year 12. time employment and seeking work. In this context, Figure 10.11 shows a ten-year time series of the main destination of Year 12 completers from the lowest SES quartile, from 2007 to 2016. Figure 10.11: Main destination of Year 12 completers in the lowest SES quartile, Queensland 2007–2016

% 15

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

126 Next Step Queensland 2016

Appendices

Appendix 1 - Queensland schools with Year 12 completers in 2015

School Locality A B Paterson College Arundel Aboriginal & Islander Independent Community School Acacia Ridge Agnew School Wakerley Albany Creek State High School Albany Creek Albert Park Flexible Learning Centre Brisbane Aldridge State High School Maryborough Alexandra Hills State High School Alexandra Hills All Hallows' School Brisbane All Saints Anglican School Merrimac All Souls St Gabriels School Charters Towers Anglican Church Grammar School East Brisbane Annandale Christian College Annandale Aquinas College Ashmore Arcadia College Palm Beach Arethusa College Deception Bay Aspley Special School Aspley Aspley State High School Aspley Assisi Catholic College Upper Coomera Assumption College Warwick Atherton State High School Atherton Australian Christian College - Moreton Caboolture Australian Industry Trade College Robina Australian International Islamic College Durack Australian Trade College North Brisbane Scarborough Aviation High Hendra Ayr State High School Ayr Babinda State School Babinda Balmoral State High School Balmoral Barcaldine Prep-12 State School Barcaldine Beaudesert State High School Beaudesert Beenleigh Special School Mount Warren Park Beenleigh State High School Beenleigh Beerwah State High School Beerwah Benowa State High School Benowa

Next Step Queensland 2016 127

School Locality Bentley Park College Bentley Park Biloela State High School Biloela Blackall State School Blackall Blackheath and Thornburgh College Charters Towers Blackwater State High School Blackwater Boonah State High School Boonah Bowen State High School Bowen Bracken Ridge State High School Bracken Ridge Bray Park State High School Bray Park Bremer State High School Ipswich Bribie Island State High School Bongaree Brigidine College Indooroopilly Brisbane Adventist College Mansfield Brisbane Bayside State College Wynnum West Brisbane Boys' College Toowong Brisbane Christian College Salisbury Brisbane Girls Grammar School Brisbane Brisbane Grammar School Brisbane Brisbane School of Distance Education Coorparoo Brisbane State High School South Brisbane Browns Plains State High School Browns Plains Bundaberg Christian College Bundaberg Bundaberg North State High School Bundaberg North Bundaberg Special School Norville Bundaberg State High School Bundaberg South Bundamba State Secondary College Bundamba Burdekin Catholic High School Ayr Burdekin School Ayr Burnett State College Gayndah Burnett Youth Learning Centre Elliott Burnside State High School Burnside Bwgcolman Community School Palm Island Caboolture Special School Caboolture South Caboolture State High School Caboolture Cairns School of Distance Education Manunda Cairns State High School Cairns North Calamvale Community College Calamvale Calamvale Special School Calamvale Calen District State College Calen Caloundra Christian College Caloundra Caloundra City Private School Pelican Waters Caloundra State High School Caloundra Calvary Christian College - Carbrook Carbrook

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School Locality Calvary Christian College - Mount Louisa Mount Louisa Cannon Hill Anglican College Cannon Hill Canterbury College Waterford Capalaba State College Capalaba Capella State High School Capella Capricornia School of Distance Education Emerald Carinity Education - Glendyne Nikenbah Carinity Education - Southside Sunnybank Carmel College Thornlands Cavendish Road State High School Holland Park Centenary Heights State High School Centenary Heights Centenary State High School Jindalee Central Queensland Christian College North Rockhampton Chancellor State College Sippy Downs Chanel College Gladstone Charleville State High School Charleville Charters Towers School of Distance Education Millchester Charters Towers State High School Charters Towers Chinchilla State High School Chinchilla Chisholm Catholic College Cornubia Christian Outreach College Toowoomba Citipointe Christian College The Christian Outreach College Brisbane Carindale Clairvaux Mackillop College Upper Mount Gravatt Claremont Special School Silkstone Clayfield College Clayfield Clermont State High School Clermont Cleveland District State High School Cleveland Cleveland Education and Training Centre Rowes Bay Clifford Park Special School Newtown Clifton State High School Clifton Cloncurry State School Cloncurry Clontarf Beach State High School Clontarf Collinsville State High School Collinsville Columba Catholic College Charters Towers Concordia Lutheran College Toowoomba Cooktown State School Cooktown Cooloola Christian College Gympie Coolum Beach Christian College Coolum Beach Coolum State High School Coolum Beach Coombabah State High School Coombabah Coomera Anglican College Coomera Coorparoo Secondary College Coorparoo Corinda State High School Corinda

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School Locality Craigslea State High School Chermside West Cunnamulla P-12 State School Cunnamulla Currimundi Special School Dicky Beach Currumbin Community Special School Currumbin Waters Dakabin State High School Dakabin Dalby Christian College Dalby Dalby State High School Dalby Darling Downs Christian School Toowoomba Darling Point Special School Manly Deception Bay Flexible Learning Centre Deception Bay Deception Bay State High School Deception Bay Djarragun College Gordonvale Downlands Sacred Heart College Toowoomba Dysart State High School Dysart Eagleby Learning Centre - Centre for Continuing Secondary Education Eagleby Earnshaw State College Banyo Eidsvold State School Eidsvold Elanora State High School Elanora Emerald Christian College Emerald Emerald State High School Emerald Emmanuel College Carrara Emmaus College - Jimboomba Jimboomba Emmaus College - Park Avenue Park Avenue Everton Park State High School Everton Park Fairholme College Toowoomba Faith Christian School of Distance Education Karawatha Faith Lutheran College - Plainland Plainland Faith Lutheran College - Redlands Thornlands Ferny Grove State High School Ferny Grove Flagstone State Community College Jimboomba Forest Lake State High School Forest Lake Fraser Coast Anglican College Wondunna Freshwater Christian College Brinsmead Genesis Christian College Bray Park Gilroy Santa Maria College Ingham Gin Gin State High School Gin Gin Gladstone State High School West Gladstone Glasshouse Country Christian College Beerwah Glenala State High School Durack Glenden State School Glenden Glenmore State High School Kawana Gold Coast Christian College Reedy Creek Good Counsel College Innisfail

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School Locality Good Shepherd Catholic College Mount Isa Good Shepherd Christian School Albany Creek Good Shepherd Lutheran College Noosaville Goodna Special School Goodna Goondiwindi State High School Goondiwindi Gordonvale State High School Gordonvale Grace Lutheran College Rothwell Groves Christian College Kingston Gympie Flexible Learning Centre Gympie Gympie Special School Gympie Gympie State High School Gympie Harristown State High School Harristown Heatley Secondary College Heatley Heights College North Rockhampton Helensvale State High School Helensvale Hemmant Flexible Learning Centre Hemmant Hervey Bay Christian Academy Urraween Hervey Bay Special School Kawungan Hervey Bay State High School Pialba Hillbrook Anglican School Enoggera Hillcrest Christian College Reedy Creek Hills International College Jimboomba Holland Park State High School Holland Park West Holy Spirit College Mount Pleasant Home Hill State High School Home Hill Hughenden State School Hughenden Hymba Yumba Community Hub Springfield Ignatius Park College Cranbrook Immanuel Lutheran College Buderim Inala Flexible Learning Centre Inala Indooroopilly State High School Indooroopilly Ingham State High School Ingham Innisfail State College Innisfail Estate Iona College Lindum Ipswich Girls' Grammar School East Ipswich Ipswich Grammar School Ipswich Ipswich Special School Ipswich Ipswich State High School Brassall Isis District State High School Childers Islamic College of Brisbane Karawatha Jabiru Community College Bracken Ridge James Nash State High School Gympie John Paul College Daisy Hill

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School Locality Jubilee Christian College Atherton Kairos Community College Deception Bay Kawana Waters State College Bokarina Kedron State High School Kedron Keebra Park State High School Southport Kelvin Grove State College Kelvin Grove Kenmore State High School Kenmore Kepnock State High School Kepnock Kilcoy State High School Kilcoy Kimberley College Carbrook Kingaroy State High School Kingaroy King's Christian College Reedy Creek Kingston College Kingston Kingston Centre for Continuing Secondary Education Kingston Kirwan State High School Kirwan Kuraby Special School Kuraby Kuranda District State College Kuranda Laidley State High School Laidley Lighthouse Christian School North Rockhampton Livingstone Christian College Ormeau Lockyer District State High School Gatton Logan City Special School Logan Central Loganlea State High School Loganlea Longreach State High School Longreach Loreto College Coorparoo Coorparoo Lourdes Hill College Hawthorne Lowood State High School Lowood Mabel Park State High School Slacks Creek MacGregor State High School Macgregor Mackay Christian College North Mackay Mackay District Special School Beaconsfield Mackay North State High School North Mackay Mackay State High School South Mackay Mackenzie State Special School Mackenzie Malanda State High School Malanda Maleny State High School Maleny Mansfield State High School Mansfield Mareeba State High School Mareeba Marist College - Ashgrove Ashgrove Marist College - Emerald Emerald Maroochydore State High School Maroochydore Marsden State High School Waterford West Mary MacKillop College Nundah

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School Locality Maryborough Special School Maryborough Maryborough State High School Maryborough Marymount College Burleigh Waters Matthew Flinders Anglican College Buderim Meridan State College Meridan Plains Merrimac State High School Mermaid Waters Miami State High School Miami Middlemount Community School Middlemount Miles State High School Miles Mirani State High School Mirani Mitchelton Special School Mitchelton Mitchelton State High School Mitchelton Monto State High School Monto Moranbah State High School Moranbah Morayfield State High School Morayfield Moreton Bay Boys College Manly West Moreton Bay College Manly West Mossman State High School Mossman Mount Alvernia College Kedron Mount Gravatt State High School Mount Gravatt Mount Morgan State High School Mount Morgan Mount St Bernard College Herberton Mountain Creek State High School Mountain Creek Moura State High School Moura Mt Isa State Special School Pioneer Mt Maria College - Mitchelton Mitchelton Mt Maria College - Petrie Petrie Mount Ommaney Special School Mount Ommaney Mt St Michael's College Ashgrove Mudgeeraba Special School Mudgeeraba Mueller College Rothwell Murgon State High School Murgon Music Industry College Fortitude Valley Nambour Christian College Woombye Nambour Special School Burnside Nambour State High School Nambour Nanango State High School Nanango Narangba Valley State High School Narangba Narbethong State Special School Woolloongabba Nerang State High School Nerang Noosa Christian College Cooroy Noosa District State High School Cooroy Noosa Flexible Learning Centre Sunshine Beach

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School Locality North Lakes State College North Lakes North Rockhampton State High School Frenchville Northern Beaches State High School Deeragun Northern Peninsula Area State College Bamaga Northpine Christian College Dakabin Northside Christian College Everton Park Nursery Road State Special School Holland Park West Oakey State High School Oakey Ormeau Woods State High School Ormeau Ormiston College Ormiston Our Lady of the Southern Cross College Dalby Our Lady's College Annerley Pacific Lutheran College Meridan Plains Pacific Pines State High School Pacific Pines Padua College Kedron Palm Beach-Currumbin State High School Palm Beach Park Ridge State High School Park Ridge Parklands Christian College Park Ridge Peace Lutheran College Kamerunga Peregian Beach Community College Peregian Beach Pimlico State High School Gulliver Pine Rivers Special School Lawnton Pine Rivers State High School Strathpine Pioneer State High School Andergrove Pittsworth State High School Pittsworth Prince of Peace Lutheran College Everton Hills Proserpine State High School Proserpine Queensland Academy for Science Mathematics and Technology Toowong Queensland Academy for Creative Industries Kelvin Grove Queensland Academy for Health Sciences Southport Ravenshoe State School Ravenshoe Red Hill Special School Red Hill Redbank Plains State High School Redbank Plains Redcliffe Special School Redcliffe Redcliffe State High School Redcliffe Redeemer Lutheran College Rochedale Redland District Special School Thornlands Redlands College Wellington Point Redlynch State College Redlynch Rivermount College Yatala Riverside Christian College Maryborough Robina State High School Robina Rochedale State High School Rochedale

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School Locality Rockhampton Girls' Grammar School Rockhampton Rockhampton North Special School Frenchville Rockhampton Special School Rockhampton Rockhampton State High School Wandal Roma State College Roma Rosedale State School Rosedale Rosella Park School West Gladstone Rosewood State High School Rosewood Runcorn State High School Runcorn Ryan Catholic College Kirwan Saint Mary's Catholic College Kingaroy Saint Philomena School Park Ridge Saint Stephen's College Coomera San Sisto College Carina Sandgate District State High School Deagon Sarina State High School Sarina The SCOTS PGC College Warwick Seton College Mount Gravatt East Shailer Park State High School Shailer Park Shalom Christian College Condon Shalom College Bundaberg Sheldon College Sheldon Siena Catholic College Sippy Downs Tropical North Learning Academy - Smithfield State High School Smithfield Somerset College Mudgeeraba Somerville House South Brisbane Southern Cross Catholic College Scarborough Southport Special School Southport Southport State High School Southport Spinifex State College Parkside Springfield Central State High School Springfield Central Springwood State High School Springwood St Aidan's Anglican Girls School Corinda St Andrew's Anglican College Peregian Springs St Andrew's Catholic College Redlynch Valley Redlynch St Andrew's Lutheran College Tallebudgera St Anthony's Catholic College Deeragun St Augustine's College - Cairns Cairns St Augustine's College - Augustine Heights Augustine Heights St Brendan's College Yeppoon St Columban's College Caboolture St Edmund's College Woodend St Eugene College Burpengary

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School Locality St Francis' College Crestmead St George State High School St George St Hilda's School Southport St James College Brisbane St James Lutheran College Urraween St John Fisher College Bracken Ridge St John's Anglican College Forest Lake St John's College Nambour St John's School Roma St Joseph's College - Gregory Terrace Brisbane St Joseph's College - Toowoomba Toowoomba St Joseph's Nudgee College Boondall St Joseph's School Stanthorpe St Laurence's College South Brisbane St Luke's Anglican School Kalkie, Bundaberg St Margaret Mary's College Hyde Park St Margaret's Anglican Girls School Ascot St Mary's Catholic College Woree St Mary's College - Ipswich Ipswich St Mary's College - Maryborough Maryborough St Mary's College - Toowoomba Toowoomba St Michael's College Merrimac St Monica's College Cairns St Patrick's College - Gympie Gympie St Patrick's College - Shorncliffe Shorncliffe St Patrick's College - Townsville Townsville St Patrick's College - Mackay Mackay St Paul's School Bald Hills St Peter Claver College Riverview St Peters Lutheran College - Indooroopilly Indooroopilly St Peters Lutheran College - Springfield Springfield Central St Rita's College Clayfield St Saviour's College Toowoomba St Stephen's Catholic College Mareeba St Stephens Lutheran College Gladstone St Teresa's Catholic College Noosaville St Teresa's College Abergowrie St Thomas More College Sunnybank St Ursula's College - Yeppoon Yeppoon St Ursula's College - Toowoomba Toowoomba Staines Memorial College Redbank Plains Stanthorpe State High School Stanthorpe Stretton State College Stretton

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School Locality Stuartholme School Toowong Suncoast Christian College Woombye Sunnybank Special School Sunnybank Sunnybank State High School Sunnybank Sunshine Beach State High School Sunshine Beach Sunshine Coast Grammar School Forest Glen TAFE Queensland Brisbane Alexandra Hills Tagai State College - Thursday Island Secondary Thursday Island Tamborine Mountain College North Tamborine Tamborine Mountain State High School Tamborine Mountain Tannum Sands State High School Tannum Sands Tara Shire State College Tara Tec-NQ Douglas The Cathedral College Rockhampton The Cathedral School of St Anne and St James Mundingburra The Centre Education Programme Kingston The Gap State High School The Gap The Glenleighden School Fig Tree Pocket The Glennie School Toowoomba The Kooralbyn International School Kooralbyn The Lakes College North Lakes Rockhampton Grammar School Rockhampton The School of Total Education Warwick The Southport School Southport The Springfield Anglican College Springfield Thuringowa State High School Condon Toogoolawah State High School Toogoolawah Toolooa State High School South Gladstone Toowoomba Grammar School East Toowoomba Toowoomba State High School - Wilsonton Campus Wilsonton Heights Toowoomba State High School Mount Lofty Townsville Community Learning Centre Mundingburra Townsville Flexible Learning Centre West End, Townsville Townsville Grammar School North Ward Townsville State High School Railway Estate Trinity Anglican School White Rock Trinity Bay State High School Manunda Trinity College - Beenleigh Beenleigh Trinity Lutheran College Ashmore Tullawong State High School Caboolture Tully State High School Tully Unity College Caloundra West Upper Coomera State College Upper Coomera

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School Locality Urangan State High School Urangan Varsity College Varsity Lakes Victoria Point State High School Victoria Point Victory College Gympie Villanova College Coorparoo Warwick State High School Warwick Wavell State High School Wavell Heights Wellington Point State High School Wellington Point West Moreton Anglican College Karrabin Western Cape College Rocky Point Western Suburbs State Special School Inala Westside Christian College Goodna Whites Hill State College Camp Hill Whitsunday Anglican School Beaconsfield Whitsunday Christian College Cannonvale William Ross State High School Annandale Windaroo Valley State High School Bahrs Scrub Winton State School Winton Woodcrest State College Springfield Woodridge State High School Logan Central Woody Point Special School Woody Point Woree State High School Woree Wynnum State High School Wynnum Xavier Catholic College Hervey Bay Yeppoon State High School Yeppoon Yeronga State High School Yeronga YMCA Vocational School Kingston YOS Lawnton Lawnton

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Appendix 2 - Main destination categorisation

Education and Training – Higher Education

Bachelor Degreea Studying at Bachelor Degree level (including Honours).

Education and Training – VET categories

a Studying at Certificate IV, Diploma, Advanced Diploma or Associate Degree VET Cert IV+ level (excluding apprentices and trainees).

VET Cert IIIa Studying at Certificate III level (excluding apprentices and trainees).

Studying at Certificate I or II level (excluding apprentices and trainees). This VET Cert I–II/othera category also includes students in an unspecified VET course, or in other basic courses (e.g. short courses) and with an unknown course level.

Apprenticeship Employment-based apprenticeship.

Traineeship Employment-based traineeship.

Labour Force

Working full-time (35 hours or more per week) and not in an education or Full-time employment training destination. This includes people with part-time or casual jobs that total 35 hours or more.

Working part-time or casual (fewer than 35 hours per week) and not in an Part-time employment education or training destination.

Seeking work Looking for work and not in an education or training destination.

Not in Education, Training or Employment

NILFET Not in education or training, not working and not seeking work.

a Some respondents may also be in the labour force.

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Appendix 3 - Fields of study

Field of studya Examples

Natural and Physical Sciences Science, Applied Science, Laboratory Technology, Biomedical Science, Forensic Science

Information Technology Information Technology, Network Engineering, Software Design, Web Design

Engineering and Related Technologies Engineering, Automotive Mechanics, Electro Technology, Refrigeration, Aviation, Electrical Apprenticeship

Architecture and Building Building, Architecture, Carpentry, Interior Design, Regional and Urban Planning, Surveying

Agriculture, Environmental and Related Horticulture, Land Management, Environmental Science, Studies Agricultural Science, Marine Studies

Health Nursing, Sport Science, Occupational Therapy, Medicine, Pharmacy, Fitness, Physiotherapy

Education Primary Education, Secondary Education, Learning Management, Early Childhood Education

Management and Commerce Business, Accounting, Business Management, Commerce, Tourism, Real Estate, Marketing

Society and Culture Law, Arts, Youth Work, Journalism, Social Science, Psychology, Social Work

Creative Arts Fine Arts, Visual Arts, Music, Multimedia, Graphic Design, Performing Arts, Photography

Food, Hospitality and Personal Hospitality, Hotel Management, Hairdressing, Kitchen Operations, Services Commercial Cookery

Mixed Field Programs Adult Tertiary Preparation, Creative Industries, Vocational Skills Development, Bridging Courses

Double Field of Study University students undertaking double degrees (e.g. Business/Laws) a Field of study categories based on the Australian Standard Classification of Education (ABS cat. no. 1272.0).

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Appendix 4 - Industry categories

Industry categorya Examples of occupations in this industry

Retail Trade Sales Assistant, Cashier, Storeperson, Retail Trainee, Shelf Filler, Pharmacy Assistant, Console Operator

Accommodation and Food Services Waiter, Bartender, Kitchen Hand, Pizza Maker, Apprentice Chef, Fast Food Server, Hotel Receptionist

Construction Labourer, Apprentice (Carpenter, Tiler, Bricklayer, Painter, Plumber, Plasterer, Roofer), Trades Assistant

Manufacturing Factory Hand, Apprentice (Joiner, Fitter, Boilermaker, Cabinet Maker), Labourer, Machine Operator

Health Care and Social Assistance Dental Assistant, Personal Carer, Child Care Assistant, Nanny, Medical Receptionist, Nursing Assistant

Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing Fruit Picker, Packer, Farm, Station Hand, Nursery Assistant, Market Gardener, Deck Hand

Education and Training Teacher Aide, Tutor, Swimming Instructor, Music Teacher, Administration Assistant, Sports Coach, Library Assistant

Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Apprentice (Electrician, Linesman, Plumber, Refrigeration Services Mechanic), Garbage Truck Driver

Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services Sales Trainee, Office Assistant, Trainee Property Manager, Receptionist, Video Store Clerk

Information Media and Cinema Attendant, Cadet Journalist, Library Assistant, Telecommunications Telecommunications Trainee, Data Entry Clerk

Transport, Postal and Warehousing Courier, Customs Clerk, Furniture Removalist, Ticket Inspector, Flight Attendant, Mail Sorter, Transport Officer

Financial and Insurance Services Bank Teller, Administrative Assistant, Accounts Clerk, Loans Processor, Trainee Accountant, Customer Service Operator

Wholesale Trade Warehouse Clerk, Storeperson, Driver, Packer, Factory Hand, Labourer, Cleaner

Public Administration and Safety Defence Cadet, Administrative Officer, Soldier, Trainee Firefighter, Police Cadet, Locksmith

Administrative and Support Services Call Centre Operator, Gardener, Trainee Travel Agent, Cleaner, Office Assistant, Telemarketer

Mining Apprentice (Fitter, Electrician, Boilermaker), Plant Operator, Drillers Assistant, Laboratory Assistant, Office Assistant

Arts and Recreation Services Fitness Instructor, Theatre Attendant, Netball Umpire, Theme Park Host, Lifeguard, Museum Attendant

Professional, Scientific and Technical Laboratory Assistant, Trainee Draftsperson, Software Technician, IT Services Trainee

Other Services Apprentice (Mechanic, Panel Beater, Hairdresser), Parking Attendant, Trainee Beautician, Photo Lab Assistant a Industry categories based on the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ABS cat. no. 1292.0).

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Appendix 5 - Occupational groups

Occupation – Major Groupsa Examples of occupations in this group

Managers Chief Executive, Crop Farmer, ICT Project Manager, Hotel Manager, School Principal, Production Manager, Retail Manager

Professionals Journalist, Accountant, Librarian, Civil Engineer, Zoologist, Teacher, Surgeon, Registered Nurse, Web Developer, Solicitor, Architect

Technicians and Trades Workers Motor mechanic, Fitter and Turner, Carpenter, Plumber, Electrician, Chef, Greenkeeper, Hairdresser, Butcher, Web Administrator

Community and Personal Service Enrolled Nurse, Child Care Worker, Hospital Orderly, Barista, Workers Waiter, Police Officer, Flight Attendant, Lifeguard, Beuaty Therapist

Clerical and Administrative Workers Receptionist, Bank Worker, Secretary, Courier, Sales Clerk, Data Entry Operator, Personal Assistant, Conveyancer, Customs Officer

Sales Workers Sales Assistant, Model, Telemarketer, Transport Conductor, Real Estate Agent, Checkout Operator, Service Station Attendant

Machinery Operators and Drivers Miner, Truck Driver, Storeperson, Forklift Driver, Backhoe Operator, Aircraft Baggage Handler, Chauffeur, Concrete Pump Operator

Labourers Cleaner, Fencer, Meat Packer, Deck Hand, Trolley Collector, Fast Food Cook, Livestock Farm Worker, Shelf Filler, Deck Hand a Occupational groups based on the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ABS cat. no. 1220.0).

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Appendix 6 - Statistical Area Level 4 - Queensland, ABS, 2011

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Appendix 7 - Indigenous Regions – Queensland, ABS, 2011

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Appendix 8 - 2016 Next Step survey questionnaire

Intro Hello, this is ..... from the Queensland Government Statistician’s Office.

Can I speak to {firstname} {surname} please?

On behalf of the Department of Education and Training's Next Step project, we are following up people who finished Year 12 at school last year. The project is aimed at finding out what these people are doing now - whether they are working, or studying, or something else. Your responses are strictly confidential and are collected under the Queensland Government Statistical Returns Act. The information you provide will only be used for research purposes to help improve Government services.

There are just a few quick questions to answer. ______Start of interview

Good, thank you. Before we begin, I should stress that all your answers are strictly confidential and no information will be released that identifies individuals. If there are any questions you would rather not answer, just say so. Some calls are monitored by my supervisor for training and quality purposes. ______

Q. 1 Do you currently have a paid job? (Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

______If (Q1>1) → Q9 ELSE → Q2 ______

Q. 2 Do you have more than one job? (Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______

If you have more than one job, please answer the next questions thinking about your main job. ______

Q. 3 What is your (main) job? (For example sales assistant, food handler, clerk) (INTERVIEWER: Ask for full title. For public servants, ask for official designation and occupation. For armed personnel, ask for rank and occupation.

Prompt (if needed) What are the main tasks of the job (e.g. looking after children at a day care centre, making hamburgers and fries)?)

(Please specify ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

______

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Q. 4 Are you currently undertaking an apprenticeship or traineeship?

(INTERVIEWER: Definition of a traineeship - Traineeships combine structured and workplace training with paid employment. Trainees complete a qualification while learning skills at work and under the guidance of a training organisation. Trainees can be full-time, part-time, or school based.)

(Yes - apprenticeship ...... 1 Yes - traineeship ...... 2 No ...... 3 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______

Q. 5 Can you describe the industry you work in?

(INTERVIEWER: If necessary prompt "What are the main goods or services produced by your employer? or "Are you in wholesaling, manufacturing or construction?)

(Please specify ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

______If (Q4=1 OR Q4=2) → Q7 ______

Q. 6 Is your (main) job a casual job? (Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______

Q. 7 On average, how many hours do you work each week in your (main) job? (Please specify ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

(If Q7 > 99 hours, error message. Must be less than 100 hours) ______If (Q2>1) AND (Q4>2) → Q12 If (Q2>1) AND (Q4=1 OR 2) → Q12a ELSE → Q8 ______

Q. 8 On average, how many hours do you work each week in all your jobs? (Please specify ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

(If Q8 > 100 hours, error message. Must be 100 hours or less) (If Q8 < Q7, error message. Hours for all jobs must be greater than hours for main job) ______If (Q4=1 OR 2) → Q12a ELSE → Q12 ______

Q. 9 Are you… (INTERVIEWER: If answer is ‘casual work’, prompt with – Is that full-time or part-time?) Looking for full-time work (35 hours or more per week) ...... 1 Looking for part-time work (less than 35 hours per week) ...... 2 Not looking for work ...... 3 (Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

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______If (Q9=3) → Q10 ELSE → Q12 ______

Q. 10 What are the reasons you are currently not looking for work? Maximum of five options.

(INTERVIEWER: Allow more than one – Do not read out)

(Current study commitments ...... 1 Future study commitments ...... 2 No financial need to undertake paid employment ...... 3 Travel ...... 4 Disability ...... 5 Health reasons ...... 6 Don't wish to work ...... 7 Accepted a job that will start at a later date...... 8 Don't feel ready for paid employment ...... 9 Transport difficulties ...... 10 Sports commitments ...... 11 Student exchange ...... 12 Have been unsuccessful finding a job ...... 13 Pregnancy (SHOW: FEMALE ONLY) ...... 14 Family commitments – parenting own child ...... 15 Family commitments – excluding pregnancy/parenting own child ...... 16 Other (please specify) ...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q10 > one response) → Q11 ELSE → Q12 ______

Q. 11 Of the things you mentioned, which would you say had the greatest influence? Was it… (Please specify from answers chosen above) ...... 1 (Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______

Q. 12 Are you currently studying? (Yes – full-time ...... 1 Yes – part-time ...... 2 No – not studying ...... 3 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

(If (Q10=1) AND (Q12>2), error message. You previously indicated that you were not looking for work because of your current study commitments.) (INTERVIEWER: Please confirm with respondent their responses to Q10, Q11 and Q12 and amend as necessary). ______If (Q12>2) → Q17a ELSE → Q13 ______

Q. 12a You said earlier that you were doing an apprenticeship/traineeship. Are you currently undertaking the study component?

(INTERVIEWER: By definition, apprenticeships and traineeships contain some form of study component. If respondent insists that their apprenticeship/traineeship has no study component code as 98).

(Yes – doing course now ...... 1 Yes – study not started yet ...... 2 Yes – study component completed ...... 3 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

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______If (Q12a>2) → Q17a ELSE → Q13 ______

Q. 13 What kind of institution are you currently, or will you be, studying at? Is it a… (INTERVIEWER: If respondent reports studying at home via correspondence/external study ask respondent for the type of institution providing the course and code accordingly. For example, if the correspondence course is provided by a private training college, code to 3.)

University ...... 1 TAFE ...... 2 Private Training College ...... 3 Secondary school ...... 4 Agricultural College ...... 5 Adult and Community Education provider ...... 6 Training provided at work ...... 7 Armed Forces ...... 8 Other (please specify) ...... 97 (Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______

Q. 14 What is the level of this course or program? (INTERVIEWER: Only read out if respondent unsure.

If respondent reports they are undertaking a bridging and enabling course, ask for the level and code accordingly. For example, if the bridging course is at an Associate Degree level, code to Associate Degree level.)

(Doctoral Degree / PhD (QGSO use only) ...... 1 Master Degree (QGSO use only)...... 2 Graduate Diploma (QGSO use only) ...... 3 Graduate Certificate (QGSO use only) ...... 4 Bachelor (Honours) Degree (QGSO use only) ...... 5 Bachelor Degree ...... 6 Associate Degree ...... 7 Advanced Diploma ...... 8 Diploma ...... 9 VET Certificate IV ...... 10 VET Certificate III ...... 11 VET Certificate II ...... 12 VET Certificate I ...... 13 VET Certificate – level not known ...... 14 Other (please specify) ...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______

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Q. 15 What is the name of the course or program you are, or will be, enrolled in? (INTERVIEWER: Code to one of the fields of study listed.

Use the lookup list to choose the right category.

If you are unsure which option is the right one choose ‘other’ and type in the name of the course.) (Natural and physical sciences ...... 1 Information technology ...... 2 Engineering and related technologies ...... 3 Architecture and building ...... 4 Agriculture, environmental and related studies ...... 5 Health ...... 6 Education ...... 7 Management and commerce ...... 8 Society and culture ...... 9 Creative arts ...... 10 Food, hospitality and personal services ...... 11 Mixed field programs (QGSO use only) ...... 12 Double Field of Study (QGSO use only) ...... 13 Year 12/Senior/Student Exchange (QGSO use only) ...... 14 Defence forces study (QGSO use only) ...... 15 Other (please specify) ...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q13=1) → Q16a If (Q13=2) → Q16b ELSE → Q16c ______

Q. 16a What is the name of the university you are, or will be, enrolled in? (Australian Catholic University ...... 1 Bond University ...... 2 Central Queensland University ...... 3 Griffith University ...... 4 James Cook University ...... 5 Queensland University of Technology ...... 6 The University of Queensland ...... 7 University of Southern Queensland ...... 8 University of the Sunshine Coast ...... 9 Southern Cross University ...... 10 Unspecified Queensland university (please specify) ...... 19 Interstate university ...... 20 Other university (Please specify) ...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q16a<19 and Q16a>=1) → Q16d If (Q16a>10 AND specskll=1) → Q22 ELSE → END SURVEY ______

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Q. 16b What is the name of the TAFE you are, or will be, enrolled in? (Central Queensland University (TAFE program)...... 3 TAFE Queensland Brisbane ...... 21 TAFE Queensland East Coast ...... 22 TAFE Queensland Gold Coast ...... 23 TAFE Queensland North ...... 24 TAFE Queensland SkillsTech ...... 25 TAFE Queensland South West ...... 26 Unspecified Queensland TAFE (please specify) ...... 39 Interstate TAFE ...... 40 Other TAFE (please specify) ...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q16b=3 OR (Q16b>=21 AND Q16b<39)) → Q16d If (Q16b>27) → Q17a ______

Q. 16c What is the name of the institution you are, or will be, enrolled in? IF Q13 = 4 SHOW option 41 Secondary School ONLY: INTERVIEWER DO NOT READ QUESTION OUT – SELECT HIGHLIGHTED OPTION IF Q13 = 8 SHOW option 47 Armed Forces ONLY: INTERVIEWER DO NOT READ QUESTION OUT – SELECT HIGHLIGHTED OPTION IF Q13 = 8 SHOW option 47 Armed Forces ONLY (Secondary school ...... 41 Trade training school (eg. former Australian Technical College) ...... 42 Careers Australia...... 43 Endeavour College of Natural Health ...... 44 SAE (Qantm College) ...... 45 Other Private Training College (QGSO use only) ...... 46 Armed Forces ...... 47 Australian Institute of Applied Science ...... 48 Axial ...... 49 Blue Dog Training...... 50 Busy At Work ...... 51 Evocca College ...... 52 JMC Academy ...... 53 Motor Trades Association ...... 54 Sarina Russo ...... 55 Skill360 ...... 56 Work Skills ...... 57 MRAEL ...... 58 Open Colleges ...... 59 Hastings Deering Institute of Technology ...... 60 Dance/performing arts (e.g. Harvest Rain Theatre Company) ...... 61 Australian Institute of Creative Design ...... 62 Fitness training (e.g. Australian Institute of Fitness) ...... 63 Aviation Australia...... 64 MEGT ...... 65 REIQ ...... 66 Fast-food restaurant (e.g. McDonalds) ...... 67 Hair and makeup training (e.g. National Academy of Beauty) ...... 68 Other institution (please specify)...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

______If (Q16c<97 and Q16c>=41) → Q16d If (Q16c>68) → Q17a ______

Q. 16d What campus are you studying at? IF Q13 = 4 SHOW option 121 Secondary school ONLY: INTERVIEWER SELECT HIGHLIGHTED OPTION IF Q13 = 8 SHOW option 140 Armed Forces ONLY: INTERVIEWER SELECT HIGHLIGHTED OPTION (INTERVIEWER: If the respondent attends more than one campus, prompt for the primary campus. If they are unsure include all campuses. List appropriate options for institutions; refer to APPENDIX

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______If (Q13>1) → Q17a If (Q13=1 AND specskll=1) → Q22 ELSE → END SURVEY ______

Q. 17a Are you currently taking a ‘gap year’?

(INTERVIEWER: Definition of a ‘gap year’ – a ‘gap year’ is delaying enrolment in university or other study for a period of time after completing Year 12.)

(Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q17a=1) → Q17b ELSE → Q17d ______

Q. 17b As soon as you are finished your gap year, do you intend to work or study?

(INTERVIEWER: Allow more than one – Do not read out)

Study – Bachelor Degree ...... 1 Study – Other ...... 2 Apprenticeship/traineeship ...... 3 Work ...... 4 Other (please specify) ...... 97 Undecided ...... 5 (Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q17b > one response) → Q17c If (Q17c = one response) → Q17d ______Q. 17c Of these, which would be your main priority? (Please specify from answers chosen above) ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

______Q. 17d Did you apply for a university place through QTAC or interstate tertiary admissions centre? (Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q17d=1) → Q18 If (Q17d>1 AND (Q12=1 OR Q12=2 OR Q12a=1 OR Q12a=2) AND specskll=1) → Q22 If (Q17d>1 AND (Q12=1 OR Q12=2 OR Q12a=1 OR Q12a=2) AND specskll =2) → END SURVEY ELSE → Q20 ______Q. 18 Did you receive an offer of a place at university? (Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q18=1) → Q19 If (Q18>1 AND (Q12=1 OR Q12=2 OR Q12a=1 OR Q12a=2) AND specskll =1) → Q22 If (Q18>1 AND (Q12=1 OR Q12=2 OR Q12a=1 OR Q12a=2) AND specskll =2) → END SURVEY ELSE → Q20 ______

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Q. 19 How did you respond to the offer of a university place? Did you… Defer the offer ...... 1 Decline the offer/did not respond to the offer ...... 2 Withdraw from the course ...... 3 Wait for the course to begin ...... 4 Other (please specify) ...... 97 (Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If ((Q12=1 OR Q12=2 OR Q12a=1 OR Q12a=2) AND specskll =1) → Q22 If ((Q12=1 OR Q12=2 OR Q12a=1 OR Q12a=2) AND specskll =2) → END SURVEY ELSE → Q20 ______

Q. 20 Can you tell me the reasons why you are not studying? Maximum of five options. (INTERVIEWER: Allow more than one – Do not read out)

(Wanted a break from study (e.g. to travel) ...... 1 Undecided and considering options ...... 2 Don't feel ready for study at the moment ...... 3 Not interested in further study/already finished studying ...... 4 Working in order to finance further study ...... 5 Waiting for course/training to begin ...... 6 Have work commitments ...... 7 Find the course fees and other costs are a barrier ...... 8 Would have to move away from home ...... 9 Don't meet the entry criteria for the program I want to do ...... 10 Wanted to earn own money ...... 11 Looking for work/apprenticeship/traineeship ...... 12 Going into, or already in, armed services ...... 13 Waiting to qualify for the independent Youth Allowance ...... 14 Disability ...... 15 Health reasons ...... 16 Sports commitments ...... 17 Pregnancy (SHOW: FEMALE ONLY) ...... 18 Family commitments – parenting own child ...... 19 Family commitments – excluding pregnancy/parenting own child ...... 20 Other (please specify) ...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

(If (Q1=2) AND (Q20=5 or 7), warning message. Respondent has already said they are not working. Check.) ______If (Q20 > one response) → Q21 If (Q20 = one response AND specskll=1) → Q22 ELSE → END SURVEY ______

Q. 21 Of the reasons you mentioned, which would you say had the greatest influence? Was it… (Please specify from answers chosen above) ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (specskll=1) → Q22 ELSE → END SURVEY ______

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Module for students from special schools ______Q. 22 Did you attend a special school in 2015?

INTERVIEWER: Respondent attended (Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q22=1) → Q23 ELSE → END SURVEY ______Q. 23 Did you receive a post-school package from Disability Services Queensland?

(INTERVIEWER: Post-school packages are funds allocated to a person to meet their disability-related support needs. The package provides support to access post-school programs (mainly day services). Disability Services will have conducted a Needs Assessment to determine eligibility.)

(Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q1=1) → Q24 ELSE → Q25 ______Q. 24 You said earlier you currently have a paid job. Is that in…

(INTERVIEWER: Supported employment – employment where the young person does not fulfil 100% of the role and requires adjustments and support to complete work tasks. These work environments are usually provided by not-for-profit organisations such as Red Cross and Endeavour, or on occasion in open work environments such as McDonalds. The work usually entails low level, repetitive tasks such as packing boxes or bags.

Business enterprise environments, such as Australian Disability Enterprises, provide employment opportunities for people with a disability who have a need for ongoing support to maintain employment. They offer a supportive environment that allows people with a disability to learn work skills at their own rate. These work environments are usually provided by not-for-profit organisations such as Red Cross and Endeavour. The work usually entails low level, repetitive tasks such as packing boxes or bags. )

Supported employment ...... 1 Business enterprise environment...... 2 Neither ...... 3 Not in paid employment ...... 4 (Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______

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Q. 25 Are you doing any unpaid or volunteer work?

(INTERVIEWER: Unpaid work can take on different forms - including vocational placements, unpaid internships, unpaid work experience and unpaid trials. Unpaid work arrangements can be entered into for reasons such as giving a person experience in a job or industry or testing a person's job skills.

A volunteer is someone who does work for the main purpose of benefitting someone else, such as a church, sporting club, government school, charity or community organisation.)

(Yes – unpaid ...... 1 Yes – volunteering ...... 2 Yes – both ...... 3 No ...... 4 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______If (Q25=1 OR Q25=2 OR Q25=3) → Q26 ELSE → Q27 ______

Q. 26 How many hours a week are you doing unpaid work or volunteering?

(Please specify ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

(If Q26 > 100 hours, error message. Must be 100 hours or less) ______Q. 27 Are you currently attending a Day Service?

(INTERVIEWER: Day Services provide activities for groups of people to provide lifelong learning opportunities and to enhance community and social participation. This may include skill development, living skills and recreation. Group- based services adopt the principles of self-direction by working with each person to tailor supports that meet their preferences to the greatest extent possible within their allocated resources.

Day service activities may include: cooking, gardening, community access, shopping, swimming, bowling, literacy and numeracy, technology, travel training, art and craft, relaxation, therapy, music.)

(Yes ...... 1 No ...... 2 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

______If (Q27=1) → Q28 ELSE → Q31 ______

Q. 28 How many days a week do you spend at a Day Service?

(Please specify ...... 1 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99

(If Q28 > 100 hours, error message. Must be 100 hours or less) ______

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Q. 29 What type of services does the Day Service you attend provide to you?

(INTERVIEWER: Allow more than one – Do not read out)

(Arts ...... 1 Computer courses/programs ...... 2 Gardening/cooking/woodwork etc ...... 3 Life skills lessons/sessions ...... 4 Numeracy/literacy/english/maths/science ...... 5 Provides a care service/a place to go ...... 6 Social interaction ...... 7 Sport/physical activities ...... 8 Work/employment programs/community participation ...... 9 Other (please specify) ...... 97 Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______Q. 30 How is your place at the Day Service you attend funded?

Disability Services Queensland package ...... 1 Self-funded ...... 2 Both ...... 3 Other (please specify) ...... 4 (Don’t know ...... 98 Refused) ...... 99 ______Special schools contact details

Q. 31 We may wish to contact you next year to see how your plans are working out. Would you agree to be contacted to answer a few brief questions next year?

(Yes ...... 1 No) ...... 2 ______If (Q31 = 2)  End Survey If (Q31 = 1 AND has phone contacts to validate)  Q32a Else  Q33a ______Q 32. Could you please confirm the following are still usable contact numbers for you/the subject?

Yes No DK Refused

a) < Phone1>1 ...... 2 ...... 98 ...... 99 b) < Phone2>1 ...... 2 ...... 98 ...... 99 ______If (Q32a > 1)  Q33a If (Q32a = 1 AND Q32b > 1)  Q33b If (Q32a = 1 AND Q32b = 1)  Q33c Else  Q33a ______Q 33a. Could you please provide another phone number so we can contact you/the subject directly next time?

(Gives number (specify) ...... 1 Refuses/says has no other contact number) ...... 2 ______if (Q33a = 2)  End Survey if (Q33a = 1 AND Q32b = 1)  Q33c Else  Q33b ______

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Q 33b. Could you please provide another phone number so we can contact you/the subject directly next time?

(Gives number (specify) ...... 1 Refuses/says has no other contact number) ...... 2 ______if (Q33b = 2)  End Survey Else  Q33c ______Q 33c. Could you please provide another phone number so we can contact you/the subject directly next time?

(Gives number (specify) ...... 1 Refuses/says has no other contact number) ...... 2 ______GO TO END SURVEY ______

End Survey That’s the end of the interview. If you have any additional questions regarding this survey, you can ring our freecall number 1800 068 587. Thank you very much for all your help. I would also like to remind you that the information you have provided will not be used to identify you in any reporting of the findings of the project. Your voluntary participation in this important survey contributes valuable information that will benefit future students and put you in the running to win an Apple iPad Air 2. Once again, my name is [interviewer name] from the Queensland Government Statistician’s Office. GOOD-BYE! ______

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Appendix 9 - Glossary

ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics—the central statistical authority for the Australian Government. The ABS provides the official national source of statistics for use by the government and the community. ANZSCO Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations—a hierarchical occupation classification which is used in the collection and dissemination of official statistics. ANZSCO assigns individuals to an occupation based on the set of tasks that they perform for an employer. ANZSIC Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification—a hierarchical industry classification which is used in the collection and dissemination of official statistics. ANZSIC assigns businesses to an industry based on their predominant activities. Apprenticeship A legally-binding training arrangement between an employer and an apprentice that combines structured training with paid employment. Apprenticeships usually take four years to complete, with training taking place both at the workplace and with a training organisation. ARIA Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia—measures remoteness in terms of road distance measurements from over 12 000 populated localities to the nearest service centres in five categories based on population size. ASCED Australian Standard Classification of Education—a classification, defined by the ABS, which is used in the collection and dissemination of official statistics. ASCED comprises two component classifications, Level of Education and Field of Education. ASGS Australian Statistical Geography Standard—a hierarchical geographical classification, defined by the ABS, which is used in the collection and dissemination of official statistics. The ASGS provides a common framework of statistical geography and thereby enables the production of statistics which are comparable and can be spatially integrated. Campus-based Refers to all study except for apprenticeships and traineeships. This includes study Bachelor Degree and VET certificate courses being undertaken on campus, externally or online. Campus-based Refers to all vocational education and training excluding training undertaken as part VET of an apprenticeship or traineeship. This includes VET certificate levels I–IV, diplomas, advanced diplomas and associate degrees that are being undertaken at a study institution, such as a TAFE, externally or online. Casual work Casual workers do not have permanency or paid leave entitlements (such as sick leave and holiday leave). They usually receive a higher rate of pay to compensate for this. CATI Computer-assisted telephone interviewing—a type of telephone interviewing in which the interviewer keys answers to questions as they are received onto a data entry keyboard. DET Department of Education and Training

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EAP Education Adjustment Program—DETs process for identifying and responding to the educational needs of students with disability who require significant education adjustments related to the specific impairment areas of • Autism Spectrum Disorder • Hearing Impairment • Intellectual Disability • Physical Impairment • Speech-Language Impairment • Vision Impairment. For further information regarding the EAP, go to the Queensland Government’s Education website: www.education.qld.gov.au/students/disabilities/adjustment Education Formerly the Standing Council on School Education and Early Childhood. A body Council comprising state, territory and Australian government and New Zealand ministers with responsibility for school education and early childhood development, with Papua New Guinea, Norfolk Island and East Timor having observer status. Education A geographic classification based on type of population centre, size of population and Council zones ARIA score. Employment- VET courses where the study or training is undertaken in conjunction with an based VET apprenticeship or traineeship. Full-time The ABS definition of an employed person who usually works 35 hours or more a employment week (in all jobs). Gap year Delaying enrolment in university or other study for a period of time after completing Year 12. IBD International Baccalaureate Diploma—a two-year international curriculum resulting in a qualification that is widely recognised by the world's leading universities. In order to obtain an IBD, a student must meet defined standards and conditions set out by the International Baccalaureate Organisation. For further information regarding IBDs, go to the International Baccalaureate Organisation website: www.ibo.org/diploma/ Indigenous Refers to people who identify themselves as being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin. Labour force Refers to people who are either working or looking for work. LBOTE Language background other than English—for the purpose of this report, international visa students have been excluded from LBOTE analysis. Main A structured grouping of young people which outlines their main study and labour destination market destinations. Young people were grouped as follows: • students were assigned to the education categories regardless of their labour force status • apprentices and trainees were assigned to their respective training categories • those grouped in a labour market destination (employed or seeking work) were not in education or training • those who were not in the labour force, education or training. See Appendix 2.

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nfd Not further defined. NILF Not in the labour force—refers to people who were not working and not seeking work. NILFET Not in the labour force, education or training—refers to people who were not working, not seeking work and not undertaking any education or training. OP Overall Position—a student’s position in a statewide rank order based on overall achievement in QCAA approved subjects. It is used for tertiary entrance purposes only, indicating how well a student has done in comparison to all other OP eligible students in Queensland. To receive an OP, students must study a certain number and pattern of QCAA subjects, complete Year 12, and sit for the Queensland Core Skills Test. For further information regarding OPs, go to the Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority website www.qcaa.qld.edu.au Part-time The ABS definition of an employed person who usually works less than 35 hours a employment week (in all jobs). Permanent Permanent workers are employed on an ongoing basis until the employer or work employee ends the employment relationship by providing the required period of notice. QCAA Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority—formerly the Queensland Studies Authority. A statutory body of the Queensland Government that provides Kindergarten to Year 12 syllabuses, guidelines, assessment, reporting, testing, accreditation and certification services for Queensland schools. QCE Queensland Certificate of Education—Queensland's senior school qualification, which is awarded to eligible students, usually at the end of Year 12. The QCE recognises broad learning options and offers flexibility in what, where and when learning occurs. For further information regarding the QCE, go to the Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority website www.qcaa.qld.edu.au QCIA Queensland Certificate of Individual Achievement—recognises the learning achievements of students who undertake individual learning programs. To be eligible, students must have impairments or difficulties in learning that are not primarily due to socioeconomic, cultural or linguistic factors. For further information regarding the QCIA, go to the Queensland Curriculum and Assessment Authority website www.qcaa.qld.edu.au QGSO Queensland Government Statistician’s Office—the Queensland Government's statistical agency, which regularly conducts surveys with individuals, households and businesses to collect official statistics about issues of interest to government and to people in Queensland. Regional Includes the ABS Statistical Area Level 4s of Cairns, Darling Downs - Maranoa, Queensland Fitzroy, Mackay, Queensland - Outback, Toowoomba, Townsville and Wide Bay. See Appendix 6. SA4 Statistical Area Level 4—an area which represents the largest sub-State regions in the Main Structure of the ASGS. SA4s provide the best sub-state socio-economic breakdown in the ASGS and have been designed to reflect labour markets within each State and Territory. In aggregate, SA4s cover the whole of Australia without gaps or overlaps. SAT School-based apprenticeships and traineeships—allow high school students— typically those in Years 11 and 12—to undertake a training qualification and work with an employer as a paid employee while studying for their senior statement.

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SEIFA Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas—a group of four indexes, developed by the ABS, as a way of assessing socioeconomic status across the population. SEIFA enable areas in Australia to be ranked according to four different indexes. One of these is the Index of Relative Socio-Economic Disadvantage, which provides a method of determining and comparing levels of social and economic disadvantage in given areas at a given point in time. Senior Students in Queensland are issued with a senior education profile upon completion of Education Year 12. Included in this profile could be a Senior Statement, QCE, Tertiary Entrance Profile Statement (OP) or QCIA. Senior A transcript of the learning account for all students completing Year 12 at a Statement Queensland school. The Senior Statement shows all studies and the results achieved that may contribute to the award of a QCE or Tertiary Entrance Statement. SES Socioeconomic status—a relative position in the community determined by occupation, income and amount of education. South East Includes the ABS Statistical Area Level 4s of Brisbane - East, Brisbane - North, Queensland Brisbane - South, Brisbane - West, Brisbane Inner City, Gold Coast, Ipswich, Logan - Beaudesert, Moreton Bay - North, Moreton Bay - South and Sunshine Coast. See Appendix 6. TAFE Technical and further education—a publicly funded post-secondary organisation that provides a range of technical and vocational education and training courses, and other programs. Traineeship A structured training and paid employment arrangement that involves a contract between the employer and the trainee. Traineeships vary in length from 12 months to three years. VET Vocational Education and Training—tertiary education and training, excluding degree and higher level programs delivered by further education institutions, which provide people with occupational or work-related knowledge and skills. VET also includes programs which provide the basis for subsequent vocational programs. VETiS Vocational Education and Training in Schools—vocational education and training courses undertaken by students as part of their school studies.

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