DOCSLIB.ORG

Afghanistan Telecom Brief

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Afghanistan Telecom Brief Afghanistan Telecom Brief By Ken Zita In 2002, Afghanistan’s prospects for telecom appeared bleak. The political instability and profound poverty Contents following 23 years of continuous conflict suggested Political and Economic Brief 2 that Afghanistan would have neither the economic Demography and Economy 4 means nor political will to restore its shattered Telecom Policy Environment 7 communications infrastructure. After just two years, Telecom Market Overview 9 dramatic progress has been made. The government has approved a sector development action plan; put in place a progressive policy and regulatory roadmap; and attracted an estimated $130 million in private investment. In this short time, more than 170,000 mobile users have been added – increasing the number of people with access to telephone by a factor of five. Throughout 2004 the Ministry of Communications will begin implementation of several major projects Key Indicators that promise to make a profound impact on the Transitional Islamic State of country’s overall pace of change and continued Afghanistan progress toward civil security. A new Population ~25 million telecommunications law under the recently ratified GDP $4 billion (2002-3) constitution will separate the government’s role from GDP growth* 28.6% (2003) service operation; establish an independent regulatory GDP per capita $180-$190 authority; identify clear property rights for the private PPP $19 billion PPP per capita $700 sector; and define market-oriented rules for Literacy 36% interconnection and the issuance of licenses and Phone lines 85,000 (2004) tariffs. Phone density 0.34 (2004) Mobile phones 500,000 (2Q04) Significant commercial projects are also being Sources: U.S. Department of State, CIA initiated by the state carrier, Afghan Telecom, with the Factbook, World Bank, Network Dynamics assistance of the international donor community. A national satellite network will be commissioned to link provincial capitals and major towns as well as outlying district areas. Local access networks are being expanded with wireless systems acquired through international competitive tenders, and a planed fiber optic backbone is expected to progress from feasibility and planning to implementation, with active private sector participation. Despite the overall level of market risk, Afghanistan has embraced a liberal approach to the private sector and telecom growth in the near term is expected to be strong ____________________ Ken Zita is president of Network Dynamics Associates LLC (www.ndaventures.com), a telecom sector management consultancy active in 35 countries worldwide. Network Dynamics served as the principle U.S.-appointed policy advisor to the government of Afghanistan. This paper was adapted from a Briefing Book prepared for the U.S. Trade and Development Agency conference on South Asia Communications Infrastructure in New Delhi, India in April 2004. Network Dynamics Associates LLC USTDA South Asia Communications Infrastructure Conference www.ndaventures.com New Delhi, India – April 21-23, 2004 Afghanistan Telecom Brief 2 Political and Economic Brief Afghanistan continues to astonish and captivate the world with the resilience of its people and culture. Throughout two decades of conflict Afghanistan has survived a Soviet invasion and occupation; superpower proxy warfare; a nasty internecine civil war; political and military tinkering by powerful neighbors; an Islamic fundamentalist regime led by the Taliban, which devolved into a global terrorist client state; five consecutive years of extreme drought; and the military firepower of the American-led Operation Enduring Freedom. Roads, electric power plants, hospitals, schools, irrigation and telecommunications infrastructure, sparsely developed before the quarter century of destruction, were in ruins by the time the Taliban were ousted in December 2001. Unlike Iraq, the political and economic reconstruction process in Afghanistan is successfully passing key milestones. Afghanistan benefits from the presence of a broad multinational coalition coordinated by the UN and supported by donor agencies and many nations. The International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), a 5500-strong international peacekeeping force, has had a positive impact protecting Kabul. After transitioning to North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) command in February 2004, ISAF began to deploy beyond the capital into provincial areas. As of April 2004 the U.S. leads an additional force of 13,500 that has stepped up operations in a coordinated effort with Pakistan, Operation Mountain Storm, characterized as a ‘hammer and anvil’ approach in seven southern and eastern provinces. U.S. forces are now also leading Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs). The PRTs reflect a shift in strategy away from large military deployments to a “hearts and minds” campaign focused on community-level civil projects and improved local intelligence. By summer 2004, 16 teams will be in place, each consisting of 60 to 100 members tailored to a region's specific needs. Taliban elements and allies in Pakistan continue to operate out of the Pashtun tribal belt, attacking Karzai supporters, foreign aid officials, and the U.S. military. The new Afghan army and police are making good progress but training will take time, forces remain weak and recruitment lags force demands. Regional warlords, entrenched since Afghanistan’s civil war and growing stronger with bumper profits from drug trafficking, continue to pose challenges to the evolution to democratic rule. Overcoming autonomous local leaders and warlords outside the capital pose a big challenge to central authority. The most prominent regional leaders are Ismail Khan in Herat, near Iran, ethnic Uzbek warlord Abdurrashid Dostum in the northwest and his rival Atta Muhammad around Mazar-e-Sharif, and Gul Agha in southern Kandahar, as well as some functionaries who work for the transitional administration. UN Secretary General Kofi Annan highlighted the dire security situation in December 2003: "Unchecked criminality, outbreaks of factional fighting and activities surrounding the illegal narcotics trade have all had a negative impact." The framework for post-war Afghanistan and the political process for establishing a permanent national government were set at the December 2001 Bonn Conference. At that time, representatives of Afghanistan’s major political and ethnic groups elected now-president Hamid Karzai as chief of the transitional authority. Karzai, an ethnic Pushtun, anti-Taliban activist and son of a prominent political family, has acted shrewdly since being installed as leader. In accordance with the Bonn accord, Afghanistan’s loya jirga (grand assembly) met in June 2002 and elected Karzai president of the Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA). It met again in December 2003 to debate and ratify a new constitution, superseding the 1964 Network Dynamics Associates LLC USTDA South Asia Communications Infrastructure Conference www.ndaventures.com New Delhi, India – April 21-23, 2004 Afghanistan Telecom Brief 3 constitution and amendments made during the Taliban period. The constitutional adoption process posed the biggest confrontation of Karzai’s presidency: a strong minority of delegates opposed the presidential system that was later adopted, favoring instead greater provincial autonomy. In the build-up to the loya jirga, the Taliban stepped up their assassinations and kidnappings of foreign aid workers and contractors and their attacks on U.S. and Afghan soldiers in southern Afghanistan. The new constitution is an inspiring document, pledging a multi-ethnic future that defends universal human rights and provides protection to minorities and women. The difficult work of implementation lies ahead. Presidential and parliamentary elections scheduled for June 2004 have been postponed under the advice of the UN Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA), the European Union and others. Security conditions remain dangerous or uncertain in at least a third of the country. Reports as of 1Q04 indicate that only 8 percent of eligible Afghan voters have been enrolled; among women, only 2 percent have registered. The UN has said that for the elections to be considered successful, at least 70 percent of eligible voters should be registered. The voluntary repatriation and resettlement of over 2 million Afghan refugees from Pakistan, Iran and the Central Asian Republics has been an extraordinary achievement. Afghan refugees have posed an overwhelming crisis for the international humanitarian assistance community and neighboring countries. For twenty years, an estimated 4-6 million refugees fled to Pakistan and Iran alone, plus those internally displaced within Afghanistan and 100,000 refugees from Tajikistan’s civil war in 1992-3. UNHCR estimates that 1.9 million refugees from camps in Pakistan, 670,000 from Iran and 230,000 internally displaced Afghans have returned home since voluntary repatriation efforts began in 2002. Many have received materials for rebuilding homes from UNHCR. UNHCR is optimistic that another 400,000 Afghans will return in 2004 from Pakistan’s North West Frontier province, under a tripartite agreement between UNHCR, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Despite many positive developments, Afghanistan remains an insecure country with daunting challenges. Political tensions over central leadership remain high. The Karzai administration is a coalition government comprised of former Northern Alliance supporters (ethnic Tajiks) and Pushtuns (who comprise approximately
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 121111-SEA-Class-Analysis-English
    Preface The two practical and class characteristics distinguished the scientific philosophy of Karl Marx, the leader of world proletariat, from all other philosophies. This knowledge was not meant to only interpret the phenomena, but to change them; that is why any assessment of phenomena in light of this knowledge, has class characteristic and it believes nothing in the world is non-class. Revolution, which means the replacement of one class by the other, is not possible without practical actions. Also, a revolution can only triumph when its vanguard draws an accurate distinguishing line between the friend and the foe. This is only possible through a class analysis. In the absence of class analysis, triumph of the proletarian revolution will remain impossible. These classes consist of friends, foes and intermediary forces. Following a thorough assessment, communists expand the size of friendly forces, attract the intermediary forces, and isolate the enemy to the possible extent. Hence, for a practical action, there is need for thorough class analysis of the society where revolutionaries launch their revolution. This enables revolutionaries to tell who their class friends and enemies are; where to trigger revolution; and what stages the revolution is supposed to pass through. Afghanistan Revolutionary Organization (ARO), a Marxist organization, is committed to world proletarian revolution. It aims at successfully bringing about a revolution in Afghanistan as part of the world proletarian revolution based on scientific analysis of a given situation. To do so, ARO sees the urgent need to thoroughly analyze the overall status of classes in Afghan society. Without such an analysis, it is impractical to achieve revolutionary objectives.
    [Show full text]
  • Study of Afghan Telecom Industry (Mnos, Isps)
    Study of Afghan Telecom Industry (MNOs, ISPs) ACKU Rahima Baharustani May 2013 Research, Planning & Policy Directorate, AISA Study of Afghan Telecom Industry 2013 Disclaimer: Views of the author expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the official position of Afghanistan Investment Support Agency. ACKU Note: Exchange rate of 1$=50 AFN has been considered throughout the report. II Study of Afghan Telecom Industry 2013 Acknowledgments This study was researched and written by Afghanistan investment support agency, which was authored by Rahima Baharustani. “I would like to express my deepest appreciation to higher management of AISA, particularly Mr. Wafiullah Iftekhar CEO/President of AISA, and Mr. Junaidullah Shahrani, Research Policy and Planning Director for their continuous encouragement, tremendous support and help. In addition, I would like to thank the participant of survey Mr. Ahmad Zaki, and Dr. Fazel Rabi, who willingly shared their precious time during the process of interviewing. Furthermore, I acknowledge all key informants who helped us in providing the required information”. ACKU III Study of Afghan Telecom Industry 2013 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...........................................................................................................................................III TABLE OF CONTENTS.............................................................................................................................................IV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..........................................................................................................................................VI
    [Show full text]
  • Uruzgan: 18 Months After the Dutch/Australian Leadership Handover
    April 2012 Uruzgan: 18 months after the Dutch/Australian Leadership Handover Goat Herder in Tirin Kot Bazaar / Picture: Casey Johnson TLO Annual Report Uruzgan: 18 months after the Dutch/Australian Leadership Handover A TLO Provincial Profile April 2012 © 2012, The Liaison Office. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, recording or otherwise without prior written permission of the publisher, The Liaison Office. Permission can be obtained by emailing [email protected] 2010/11 Uruzgan 18 Months Assessment Acknowledgements This report is financed by the Royal Netherlands’s Embassy in Afghanistan and the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID). TLO reports are independent surveys and analyses of local perceptions and attitudes. While TLO makes all efforts to review and verify field data prior to publication, some factual inaccuracies may still remain. Data collection for this report was completed by 31 December 2011 and information presented may have changed since that time. TLO is solely responsible for possible inaccuracies in the information presented. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of AusAID, the Australian Government, or the Government of the Netherlands. The report authors would like to thank all individuals who spent time with the research team to contribute to this report as well as TLO colleagues whose comments and contributions helped to improve the clarity of the report and the correctness of its facts. About The Liaison Office (TLO) The Liaison Office (TLO) is an independent Afghan non-governmental organization seeking to improve local governance, stability and security through systematic and institutionalized engagement with customary structures, local communities, and civil society groups.
    [Show full text]
  • IT in Afghanistan
    ICT in Afghanistan (two-way communication only) Siri Birgitte Uldal Muhammad Aimal Marjan 4. February 2004 Title NST report ICT in Afghanistan (Two way communication only) ISBN Number of pages Date Authors Siri Birgitte Uldal, NST Muhammad Aimal Marjan, Ministry of Communcation / Afghan Computer Science Association Summary Two years after Taliban left Kabul, there is about 172 000 telephones in Afghanistan in a country of assumed 25 mill inhabitants. The MoC has set up a three tier model for phone coverage, where the finishing of tier one and the start of tier two are under implementation. Today Kabul, Herat, Mazar-i-Sharif, Kandahar, Jalalabad, Kunduz has some access to phones, but not enough to supply the demand. Today there are concrete plans for extension to Khost, Pulekhomri, Sheberghan, Ghazni, Faizabad, Lashkergha, Taloqan, Parwan and Baglas. Beside the MoCs terrestrial network, two GSM vendors (AWCC and Roshan) have license to operate. The GoA has a radio network that reaches out to all provinces. 10 ISPs are registered. The .af domain was revitalized about a year ago, now 138 domains are registered under .af. Public Internet cafes exists in Kabul (est. 50), Mazar-i-Sharif (est. 10), Kandahar (est. 10) and Herat (est. 10), but NGOs has set up VSATs also in other cities. The MoC has plans for a fiber ring, but while the fiber ring may take some time, VSAT technology are utilized. Kabul University is likely offering the best higher education in the country. Here bachelor degrees in Computer Science are offered. Cisco has established a training centre in the same building offering a two year education in networking.
    [Show full text]
  • Collective Security Treaty Organization and Contingency Planning After 2014
    DCAF REGIONAL PROGRAMMES COLLECTIVE SECURITY TREATY ORGANIZATION AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING AFTER 2014 20 A.F. Douhan and А.V. Rusakovich (eds.) The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces The publication of this book has been funded by the Directorate for Security Policy (SIPOL) – Swiss Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sports. Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces Public Association “Foreign Policy and Security Research Centre” COLLECTIVE SECURITY TREATY ORGANIZATION AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING AFTER 2014 A.F. Douhan and А.V. Rusakovich (Eds.) Geneva – Minsk, 2016 Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) www.dcaf.ch Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces is one of the leading institutions in the world in the area of security sector reform (SSR) and security sector governance (SSG). DCAF provides advisory support, organizes programs for practical as- sistance, elaborates democratic norms and promotes them at international and national level, promotes best practices and makes political recom- mendations on effective democratic governance in the security sector. DCAF collaborates with governments, parliaments, civil society, interna- tional organizations, as well as a number of security structures, in particu- lar the police, judiciary and intelligence agencies, border services and the armed forces. Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces Public association “Foreign Policy and Security Research Centre” COLLECTIVE SECURITY TREATY ORGANIZATION AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING AFTER 2014 A.F. Douhan and А.V. Rusakovich (Eds.) Geneva – Minsk, 2016 Authors: A.F. Douhan (Introduction, Ch. 6, section 6.1, Ch. 7, Ch. 8 with N.О.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No: ICR00004450 IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION AND RESULTS REPORT IDA-H6650 ON A Public Disclosure Authorized GRANT IN THE AMOUNT OF SDR(X31.8) MILLION (US$50 MILLION EQUIVALENT) TO THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF AFGHANISTAN FOR THE Public Disclosure Authorized AFGHANISTAN ICT SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PROJECT ( P121755 ) August 10, 2018 Public Disclosure Authorized Digital Development Department South Asia Region CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (Exchange Rate Effective {Feb 01, 2018}) Currency Unit = Afghani (AFN) AFN 69.2 = US$1 US$ 1.42 = SDR 1 FISCAL YEAR July 1 - June 30 Regional Vice President: Hartwig Schafer Country Director: Shubham Chaudhuri Global Practice Director: Boutheina Guermazi Practice Manager: Jane Lesley Treadwell Task Team Leader(s): Rajendra Singh ICR Main Contributor: Masatake Yamamichi ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS $ All dollars are in United States dollars unless otherwise indicated ATRA Afghan Telecommunications Regulatory Authority CIO Chief Information Officer CPF Country Partnership Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan GoIRA Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan ICT Information and communication technologies ISP Innovation Support Program ISR Implementation Status and Results Report m-apps Mobile applications M&E Monitoring and evaluation MCIT Ministry of Communications and Information Technology MoE Ministry of Economy MoF Ministry of Finance NPV Net present value PDO Project Development Objective PMO Project Management Office
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Complexities of the Afghan Peace Process
    APRIL 2018 Understanding the Complexities of the Afghan Peace Process VINAY KAURA Understanding the Complexities of the Afghan Peace Process VINAY KAURA ABOUT THE AUTHOR Vinay Kaura, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the Department of International Affairs and Security Studies, Sardar Patel University of Police, Security and Criminal Justice, Rajasthan. He is also the Coordinator at the Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies in Jaipur. His research interests include India’s neighbourhood policy, especially on the western front; Afghanistan-Pakistan relations; counter-terrorism and counter- insurgency; and conflict resolution in Kashmir. He can be reached at [email protected]. ISBN : 978-81-937032-9-8 © 2018 Observer Research Foundation. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from ORF. Understanding the Complexities of the Afghan Peace Process ABSTRACT Afghanistan President Ashraf Ghani’s bold peace offer to the Taliban has aroused hopes of peace in the country torn by war for many years now. In a sweeping proposal made at the Kabul Process conference in February, President Ghani offered a ceasefire, the removal of sanctions, release of prisoners, the recognition of the Taliban as a political party, the conduct of fresh elections, and a review of the constitution. He repeated his offer in March during a conference held at Tashkent. Launching the voter registration process in the middle of April, he again asked the Taliban to take part in the forthcoming district and parliamentary elections. Ghani has demonstrated remarkable boldness and vision for bringing about a positive shift in the structure of the Afghan conflict.
    [Show full text]
  • An In-Depth Study on the Broadband Infrastructure in Afghanistan and Mongolia
    An In-Depth Study on the Broadband Infrastructure in Afghanistan and Mongolia The secretariat of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) is the regional development arm of the United Nations and serves as the main economic and social development centre for the United Nations in Asia and the Pacific. Its mandate is to foster cooperation among its 53 members and 9 associate members. It provides the strategic link between global and country-level programmes and issues. It supports Governments of countries in the region in consolidating regional positions and advocates regional approaches to meeting the region’s unique socioeconomic challenges in a globalizing world. The ESCAP secretariat is in Bangkok. Please visit the ESCAP website at http://www.unescap.org for further information. The shaded areas of the map indicate ESCAP members and associate members. An In-Depth Study on the Broadband Infrastructure in Afghanistan and Mongolia © United Nations, 2016 This study has been prepared for ESCAP by Michael Ruddy and Esra Ozdemir, Terabit Consulting. The views expressed herein are those of the authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations. The information contained is based primarily on interviews, published and unpublished data, and presentations by members of the industry. The designations employed and material presented do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. References and maps obtained from external sources might not conform to the United Nations editorial guidelines.
    [Show full text]
  • Political Economy Analysis of Afghanistan's Service
    POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS OF AFGHANISTAN’S SERVICE DELIVERY CAPACITY MAY 2016 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Democracy International, Inc. [ Month Year] This publication was produced at the request of t he Unit ed Stat es Agency for Inter nat ional Development . It was pr epar ed independently by <list authors and/or organizations involved in the preparation of the report>. Prepared under Cooperative Agreement No. AID-306-A-00-09-00522. Submitted to: USAID/Afghanistan Prepared by: Democracy International, Inc. 7600 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 1010 Bethesda, MD 20814 USA Tel: +1.301.961.1660 Email: [email protected] POLITICAL ECONOMY ANALYSIS OF AFGHANISTAN’S CAPACITY TO IMPROVE GOVERNMENT SERVICE DELIVERY May 2016 The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. CONTENTS CONTENTS ........................................................................................... I ACRONYMS .......................................................................................... II METHODOLOGY ................................................................................. 4 SUPPORTING SERVICE DELIVERY IN AFGHANISTAN .............. 7 A CRUCIAL MOMENT ...................................................................... 13 CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................. 25 ENDNOTES
    [Show full text]
  • Province: Kabul Governor: Hajji Din Mohammad NDS Chief
    Program for Culture & Conflict Studies www.nps.edu/programs/ccs Province: Kabul Governor: Hajji Din Mohammad NDS Chief: Nazar Shah Population Estimate: 3,445,000 Urban: 615,900 Rural: 2,829,100 Area in Square Kilometers: 4,462 Capital: Kabul Names of Districts: Bagrami, Chahar Asiab, Dih Sabz, Guldara, Istalif, Kabul, Kalakan, Khaki Jabbar, Mir Bacha Kot, Musayi, Paghman, Qarabagh, Shakar Dara, Surobi Composition of Population: Ethnic Groups: Religious Groups: Ethnic Groups: Tajik, Hazara, Primarily Sunni; some Pashtun: Ghilzai, Pashtun, Kuchi, Shia Shinwari, Wardak Qizilbash Total # Mosques: 3,025 Occupation of Population Major: Business, government service, Minor: Animal husbandry agriculture, skilled professionals, day labor Crops/Farming/Livestock: Wheat, potato, vegetable, corn, Cow, sheep, goats, donkeys, horses, fruit, poultry 1 Literacy Rate Total: 57% Number of Educational Colleges/Universities: 9 Universities; Kabul University, Teacher Training Institutions: 696 Colleges, Polytechnic Institutes, Institute of Health Science Number of Security January: 7 March: 3 May: 8 Incidents, Jan-Jun 2007: 24 February: 1 April: 1 June: 4 Poppy (Opium) Cultivation: 2006: 80 ha 2007: 500 ha Percent Change: 525% NGOs Active in Province: UNHCR, HAND, AMDA, WROR, ISRA, DACAR, NCA, SCA, UNICEF, NPO, CARE, MEDAir, INTERSOS, Provincial Aid Projects:2 Total PRT Projects: 107 Other Aid Projects: 1,332 Total Projects: 1,439 Planned Cost: $11,426,983 Planned Cost: $49,980,289 Planned Cost: $61,407,272 Total Spent: $9,729,006 Total Spent: $31,182,209 Total Spent: $39,911,215 Transportation: Primary Roads: Three main asphalt roads/highways connect the capital with the rest of the country; the Salang road links Kabul with the northern provinces; the Kabul-Kandahar Highway connects Kabul to the southern provinces.
    [Show full text]
  • Breaking Point Ë
    T R BREAKING POINT Measuring Progress in Afghanistan CSIS REPO A Report of the Post-Conflict Reconstruction Project Center for Strategic and International Studies Codirectors Frederick Barton Karin von Hippel Lead Author Seema Patel Coauthor Steven Ross ISBN 978-0-89206-498-4 THE CENTER FOR STRATEGIC & INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 1800 K Street, NW • Washington, DC 20006 Telephone: (202) 887-0200 • Fax: (202) 775-3199 E-mail: [email protected] • Web: www.csis.org/ Ë|xHSKITCy064984zv*:+:!:+:! March 2007 BBRREEAAKKIINNGG PPOOIINNTT Measuring Progress in Afghanistan A Report of the Post-Conflict Reconstruction Project Center for Strategic and International Studies Codirectors Frederick Barton Karin von Hippel Lead Author Seema Patel Coauthor Steven Ross March 2007 About CSIS The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) seeks to advance global security and prosperity in an era of economic and political transformation by providing strategic insights and practical policy solutions to decisionmakers. CSIS serves as a strategic planning partner for the government by conducting research and analysis and developing policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Our more than 25 programs are organized around three themes: Defense and Security Policy—With one of the most comprehensive programs on U.S. defense policy and international security, CSIS proposes reforms to U.S. defense organization, defense policy, and the defense industrial and technology base. Other CSIS programs offer solutions to the challenges of proliferation, transnational terrorism, homeland security, and post-conflict reconstruction. Global Challenges—With programs on demographics and population, energy security, global health, technology, and the international financial and economic system, CSIS addresses the new drivers of risk and opportunity on the world stage.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    THE WORLD BANK GROUP Public Disclosure Authorized C O U N T R Y U P D A T E South Asia Region (SAR) Afghanistan INTRODUCTION Public Disclosure Authorized Afghanistan has begun an enormous political, economic, and social transformation since it was suddenly catapulted onto the world stage around a year and a half ago. Progress to date has been encouraging, but tremendous challenges remain. After 23 years of conflict, the Afghan people are working with a strong sense of urgency to restore peace and prosperity. They have installed a new national government, held a national assembly—the Loya Jirga, and elected a head of state. The government has prepared a national budget and development framework to guide the country’s reconstruction, and there are signs of economic recovery. Agricultural production in 2002 increased by an estimated 82 percent compared to 2001, instrumental in the country achieving 10 percent GDP growth. Public Disclosure Authorized With international assistance, the government has undertaken a tremendous effort to eradicate polio and vaccinate against measles and TB. The numbers of students and teachers returning to school as a result of a donor-assisted Back- to-School Campaign have far exceeded expectations, with 3 million students The World Bank and Partners enrolled and another 1.5 million looking for schooling opportunities. Afghanistan Work in Progress: Afghanistan is far from being secure in these achievements, however. It still faces daunting challenges, with most Afghan people still living in dire poverty. According to Ø Keeping lights on in Kabul figures from 2001 and early 2002, only 13 percent of its 23.5 million population had access to improved drinking water sources (19 percent in urban and 11 percent in rural Ø Repairing roads areas), and 12 percent had access to improved sanitation facilities (25 percent in urban Ø Training female teachers and 8 percent in rural areas).
    [Show full text]