Mamluk Studies Review Vol. IV (2000)
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Egyptian Literature
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Egyptian Literature This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: Egyptian Literature Release Date: March 8, 2009 [Ebook 28282] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EGYPTIAN LITERATURE*** Egyptian Literature Comprising Egyptian Tales, Hymns, Litanies, Invocations, The Book Of The Dead, And Cuneiform Writings Edited And With A Special Introduction By Epiphanius Wilson, A.M. New York And London The Co-Operative Publication Society Copyright, 1901 The Colonial Press Contents Special Introduction. 2 The Book Of The Dead . 7 A Hymn To The Setting Sun . 7 Hymn And Litany To Osiris . 8 Litany . 9 Hymn To R ....................... 11 Hymn To The Setting Sun . 15 Hymn To The Setting Sun . 19 The Chapter Of The Chaplet Of Victory . 20 The Chapter Of The Victory Over Enemies. 22 The Chapter Of Giving A Mouth To The Overseer . 24 The Chapter Of Giving A Mouth To Osiris Ani . 24 Opening The Mouth Of Osiris . 25 The Chapter Of Bringing Charms To Osiris . 26 The Chapter Of Memory . 26 The Chapter Of Giving A Heart To Osiris . 27 The Chapter Of Preserving The Heart . 28 The Chapter Of Preserving The Heart . 29 The Chapter Of Preserving The Heart . 30 The Chapter Of Preserving The Heart . 30 The Heart Of Carnelian . 31 Preserving The Heart . 31 Preserving The Heart . -
Timeline .Pdf
Timeline of Egyptian History 1 Ancient Egypt (Languages: Egyptian written in hieroglyphics and Hieratic script) Timeline of Egyptian History 2 Early Dynastic Period 3100–2686 BCE • 1st & 2nd Dynasty • Narmer aka Menes unites Upper & Lower Egypt • Hieroglyphic script developed Left: Narmer wearing the crown of Lower Egypt, the “Deshret”, or Red Crown Center: the Deshret in hieroglyphics; Right: The Red Crown of Lower Egypt Narmer wearing the crown of Upper Egypt, the “Hedjet”, or White Crown Center: the Hedjet in hieroglyphics; Right: The White Crown of Upper Egypt Pharaoh Djet was the first to wear the combined crown of Upper and Lower Egypt, the “Pschent” (pronounced Pskent). Timeline of Egyptian History 3 Old Kingdom 2686–2181 BCE • 3rd – 6th Dynasty • First “Step Pyramid” (mastaba) built at Saqqara for Pharaoh Djoser (aka Zoser) Left: King Djoser (Zoser), Righr: Step pyramid at Saqqara • Giza Pyramids (Khufu’s pyramid – largest for Pharaoh Khufu aka Cheops, Khafra’s pyramid, Menkaura’s pyramid – smallest) Giza necropolis from the ground and the air. Giza is in Lower Egypt, mn the outskirts of present-day Cairo (the modern capital of Egypt.) • The Great Sphinx built (body of a lion, head of a human) Timeline of Egyptian History 4 1st Intermediate Period 2181–2055 BCE • 7th – 11th Dynasty • Period of instability with various kings • Upper & Lower Egypt have different rulers Middle Kingdom 2055–1650 BCE • 12th – 14th Dynasty • Temple of Karnak commences contruction • Egyptians control Nubia 2nd Intermediate Period 1650–1550 BCE • 15th – 17th Dynasty • The Hyksos come from the Levant to occupy and rule Lower Egypt • Hyksos bring new technology such as the chariot to Egypt New Kingdom 1550–1069 BCE (Late Egyptian language) • 18th – 20th Dynasty • Pharaoh Ahmose overthrows the Hyksos, drives them out of Egypt, and reunites Upper & Lower Egypt • Pharaoh Hatshepsut, a female, declares herself pharaoh, increases trade routes, and builds many statues and monuments. -
MEMORIES of the PAST ? 'Classical' Or 'Sunni Revival' In
MEMORIES OF THE PAST ? ‘Classical’ or ‘Sunni Revival’ in Architecture and Art in Syria between the Mediterranean and Iran in the 12th and 13th centuries Paper presented at the International Symposium on ‘The Islamic Civilization in the Mediterranean’ Lefkosa, Northern Cyprus, December 1-4, 2010 Stefan Heidemann, New York Abstract The 12th century saw a revival of Sunni Islam in the cities of Syria and northern Mesopotamia. It is also the period of muqarnas and geometrical star-pattern in Islamic art. Seemingly contradictory at the same time, Turkish princes adopted classical decorative forms in northern Mesopotamia and Syria; we find Greek, Roman, and Byzantine figural images on coins and decorative arts. Do we have a 'Classical Revival' (Terry Allen) or a proto-Renaissance comparable to Southern Italy and Sicily? What role do these images play in the cultural me- mory (Jan Assmann) and who is addressed? We do not find, however, any reference to the classicizing style in contemporary literature nor are there any people who seem to feel connected with classical antiquity. Other explanations have to be explored. With the economic blossoming in the middle decades of the 12th century, common Mediterranean forms and architectural decorations surfaced again. A continuity of classical forms is most visible in Fatimid Egypt. Muqarnas and geometrical star pattern arrived with the Iranian Saljuq elite in the Mediterranean. The new economic blossoming allowed a revitali- zation of regional classicizing traditions which can be interpreted as a renewal -
I) If\L /-,7\ .L Ii Lo N\ C, ' II Ii Abstract Approved: 1'
AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Asaad AI-Saleh for the Master of Arts Degree In English presented on _------'I'--'I--'J:..=u:o...1VL.c2=0"--'0"-=S'------ _ Title: Mustafa Sadiq al-Rafii: A Non-recognized Voice in the Chorus ofthe Arabic Literary Revival i) If\l /-,7\ .L Ii lo n\ C, ' II Ii Abstract Approved: 1'. C". C ,\,,: 41-------<..<.LI-hY,-""lA""""","""I,--ft-'t _ '" I) Abstract Mustafa Sadiq al-Rafii, a modem Egyptian writer with classical style, is not studied by scholars of Arabic literature as are his contemporary liberals, such as Taha Hussein. This thesis provides a historical background and a brief literary survey that helps contextualize al-Rafii, the period, and the area he came from. AI-Rafii played an important role in the two literary and intellectual schools during the Arabic literary revival, which extended from the French expedition (1798-1801) to around the middle of the twentieth century. These two schools, known as the Old and the New, vied to shape the literature and thought of Egypt and other Arab countries. The former, led by al-Rafii, promoted a return to classical Arabic styles and tried to strengthen the Islamic identity of Egypt. The latter called for cutting off Egypt from its Arabic history and rejected the dominance and continuity of classical Arabic language. AI-Rafii contributed to the Revival by supporting a line ofthought that has not been favored by pro-Westernization governments, which made his legacy almost forgotten. Deriving his literature from the canon of Arabic language, culture, and history, al-Rafii produced a literature based on a revived version of classical Arabic literature, an accomplishment which makes him unique among modem Arab writers. -
6 X 10.Long New.P65
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-51517-7 - The Languages of Gift in the Early Middle Ages Edited by Wendy Davies and Paul Fouracre Index More information Index al-Abbas b. al-Hasan, vizier, 152 Arlanza, monastery, 222 Abd al-Hamid ibn Yahya, 158 Artemios, saint, 36 Abd al-Rahman III, caliph, 157 Aruin, duke, 134 Abellar, monastery, 229 Athala, abbot, 97 Abu Bakr Muhammad, 154 Athanasios of Athos, saint, 178, 179, 182, AbuUthmanSa’d,154 186, 188 Adalard, 140 Athos, mount, 13, 33, 116, 192, 247, Adalbert II, marquis of Tuscany, 150, 151, 253 152, 250 Iviron monastery, 13, 180, 183, 185, adventus, 194, 262 189, 190, 191 Ælffled, 102 Lavra, 176, 178, 182, 183, 185, 186, Æthelwold Moll, king, 101, 102 187, 188, 191 al-Afdal, 158 Auden, W. H., 14 Agatho, pope, 96, 105, 240 Audiperto of Brioni, 197 Agde, council of, 30 Augustine of Hippo, 26, 27, 30, 67 agros, 185, 262 Augustus, emperor, 133 Aidan, saint, 110, 250 al-Awhadi, 153 Ai’isha, wife of Muhammad, 166 al-‘Aziz, caliph, 166 Airlie, Stuart, 146 al-Azmeh, 168 Albelda, monastery, 222 Alchfrith, 103 Bagaudano, 229 Alcuin, 125, 129, 139, 251 Balthild, queen, 249 Aldfrid, king, 105, 113 Basil I, emperor, 48, 50, 52, 57, 59 Aldfrith, abbot, 100, 104, 106 Basil II, emperor, 47, 188, 189, 190 Alexander, emperor, 50, 51, 56, 58 Bede, 10, 30, 89–115, 240 Alexander the Great, 133 Historia Abbatum, 89, 93, 96, 109 Alexios I, emperor, 48, 55 Historia Ecclesiastica, 92 Algazi, Gadi, 2, 3 Vita Cuthberti, 102 Alhfrid, sub-king, 101 bema, 46, 262 ‘Ali, caliph, 166 Benedict Biscop, 90–115 ‘Ali ibn Khalaf, -
Land, Property Rights and Institutional Durability in Medieval Egypt
Land, Property Rights and Institutional Durability in Medieval Egypt Lisa Blaydes - Stanford University LSE-Stanford-Universidad de los Andes Conference on Long-Run Development in Latin America, London School of Economics and Political Science, 16-17 May 2018 Land, Property Rights and Institutional Durability in Medieval Egypt Lisa Blaydes∗ Associate Professor Department of Political Science Stanford University April 2018 Abstract Historical institutionalists have long been concerned with the conditions under which political institutions provoke their own processes of internal change. Using data on changing landholding patterns during the Mamluk Sultanate (1250-1517 CE), I demon- strate that land shifted from temporary and revocable land grants offered in exchange for service to Islamic religious endowments and hybridized land types, representing a transformation away from state authority over agricultural resources to more priva- tized forms of property control. Predation on collective state resources by individual mamluks | state actors themselves | was a negative externality associated with the foundational principle of the impermissibility of transferring mamluk status to one's sons. My characterization of mamluk political institutions provides an empirical il- lustration of a self-undermining equilibrium with implications for understanding how Middle Eastern political institutions differed from those in other world regions, partic- ularly medieval Europe. ∗Many thanks to Connor Kennedy, Shivonne Logan, Vivan Malkani and Kyle Van Rensselaer for out- standing research assistance. Scott Abramson, Gary Cox, David Laitin, Hans Lueders and Yuki Takagi provided helpful comments and assistance. 1 What explains institutional durability? An influential literature suggests that institu- tional equilibria can be indirectly strengthened or weakened by processes dynamically intro- duced by the institutions themselves (Greif and Laitin 2004). -
Country Coding Units
INSTITUTE Country Coding Units v11.1 - March 2021 Copyright © University of Gothenburg, V-Dem Institute All rights reserved Suggested citation: Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, and Lisa Gastaldi. 2021. ”V-Dem Country Coding Units v11.1” Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project. Funders: We are very grateful for our funders’ support over the years, which has made this ven- ture possible. To learn more about our funders, please visit: https://www.v-dem.net/en/about/ funders/ For questions: [email protected] 1 Contents Suggested citation: . .1 1 Notes 7 1.1 ”Country” . .7 2 Africa 9 2.1 Central Africa . .9 2.1.1 Cameroon (108) . .9 2.1.2 Central African Republic (71) . .9 2.1.3 Chad (109) . .9 2.1.4 Democratic Republic of the Congo (111) . .9 2.1.5 Equatorial Guinea (160) . .9 2.1.6 Gabon (116) . .9 2.1.7 Republic of the Congo (112) . 10 2.1.8 Sao Tome and Principe (196) . 10 2.2 East/Horn of Africa . 10 2.2.1 Burundi (69) . 10 2.2.2 Comoros (153) . 10 2.2.3 Djibouti (113) . 10 2.2.4 Eritrea (115) . 10 2.2.5 Ethiopia (38) . 10 2.2.6 Kenya (40) . 11 2.2.7 Malawi (87) . 11 2.2.8 Mauritius (180) . 11 2.2.9 Rwanda (129) . 11 2.2.10 Seychelles (199) . 11 2.2.11 Somalia (130) . 11 2.2.12 Somaliland (139) . 11 2.2.13 South Sudan (32) . 11 2.2.14 Sudan (33) . -
Forgotten Queens F19 Syllabus
HIS 381: The Forgotten Queens of Islam Fall 2019 Tuesdays and Thursdays, 11:00 AM – 12:15 PM Main Hall 402 Syllabus Professor: Dr. Elizabeth Urban Office: Wayne Hall 713 EMail: [email protected] Office Hours: TBA Phone: (610) 436-2541 Course Description: For the Past 1,400 years, woMen have had a Profound iMPact on institutions and ideologies in the Islamic world. They have Mastered branches of knowledge, Produced works of culture, amassed wealth, and eVen ruled as queens. In this course, students will read about ProMinent women's lives in historical texts froM the Islamic world, focusing on the Period froM 600–1700 CE. Students will learn to read these historical texts "against the grain" through the lens of feMinist history, which uses feMale PersPectiVes to reframe and reconfigure our understanding of the Past. By the end of the course, students will be equiPPed to analyze the Various forMs of Power that have historically been available (and unavailable) to woMen the Islamic Middle East, and to assess the Many ways woMen have navigated unequal Power structures in order to ParticiPate in their Polities. The course will also equiP students to articulate an informed, reasoned oPenness to differences related to issues such as: gender roles, family structures (including concubinage and polygyny), clothing/veiling, sex segregation (including the hareM institution), sexuality, and legal status (particularly, the Many complex Meanings of slaVery and freedom). This course challenges students to MoVe beyond siMPle, binary thinking when considering woMen froM the Islamic Middle East. Such woMen have neVer been either PassiVe, oPPressed VictiMs on the one hand, or fully liberated, agentiVe indiViduals on the other. -
AP World History Summer Assignment 2021-2022
AP World History Summer Assignment 2021-2022 Welcome to AP World History! You have chosen to take a college-level course that provides a survey of global history to the present. This course will be rigorous, but highly rewarding if you put in the appropriate amount of work. Over the summer, you will be completing assignments that will make it possible for us to cover all of our material prior to the AP exam in May so it is very important that you complete these tasks. Summer assignments (Parts 1-3) will be due on the first day of class in August and be taken for a grade. If you have any questions over the summer, please email me at [email protected]. Note: You will be required to purchase a copy of AMSCO Advanced Placement World History: Modern prior to the start of school. We will be reading and completing work out of this book all year so it is very important that you have your own copy. The cost of this book is around $20 and can be purchased at the following link: https://www.perfectionlearning.com/social-studies/advanced-placement/world-history-ap-exam.html Part 1: Geography This course is a basic overview of the most significant regions/empires in the world. As such, we jump around from region to region quite often. It will be important that you are able to locate the major regions and empires on a world map throughout the course. Take a look at the map of the AP regions and familiarize yourself with it. -
The Nile and the Egyptian Revolutions: Ecology and Culture in Modern Arabic Poetry 2015
International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2015, PP 84-95 ISSN 2394-6288 (Print) & ISSN 2394-6296 (Online) The Nile and the Egyptian Revolutions: Ecology and Culture in Modern Arabic Poetry 2015 Hala Ewaidat Assistant Professor of English Literature, Department of English, Faculty of Education, Mansoura University, Egypt ABSTRACT For more than thirty years the River Nile has been deteriorating as a result of the industrial activities, economic expansion, pollution, population growth and the destructive policies of the government of the former president Hosni Mubarak. The primary concern of this study is to introduce the profound connection of environmental changes on the River Nile and the culture of the Egyptian society that is reflected through the medium of twentieth century Arabic poetry. Beginning with excerpts of poems from the ancient period, the paper traces the relevance and meaning of the underlying cultural aspects of Egyptian society through representation of the Nile in comparison to the way these cultural attitudes are depicted in poetry written during the three major revolutions in twentieth century Egypt: the 1919 Revolution, 1952 Revolution, and the 25 January 2011 Revolution. Keywords: ecology, pollution, culture, revolutions, Arabic poetry For more than thirty years the River Nile has deteriorated as a result of the industrial activities, economic expansion, pollution, population growth and destructive policies of the regime of the former president Hosni Mubarak (1981-2011). The primary concern of this study is to examine the profound connection between the image of the River Nile in ancient and modern Egyptian poetry and its relation to the ecological changes to the River during the three major revolutions in Egypt: the 1919 Revolution, 1952 Revolution, and the 25 January 2011 Revolution. -
Annales Islamologiques
MINISTÈRE DE L'ÉDUCATION NATIONALE, DE L'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE ANNALES ISLAMOLOGIQUES en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne en ligne AnIsl 41 (2007), p. 97-118 Anne F. Broadbridge Diplomatic Conventions in the Mamluk Sultanate Conditions d’utilisation L’utilisation du contenu de ce site est limitée à un usage personnel et non commercial. Toute autre utilisation du site et de son contenu est soumise à une autorisation préalable de l’éditeur (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). Le copyright est conservé par l’éditeur (Ifao). Conditions of Use You may use content in this website only for your personal, noncommercial use. Any further use of this website and its content is forbidden, unless you have obtained prior permission from the publisher (contact AT ifao.egnet.net). The copyright is retained by the publisher (Ifao). Dernières publications 9782724708288 BIFAO 121 9782724708424 Bulletin archéologique des Écoles françaises à l'étranger (BAEFE) 9782724707878 Questionner le sphinx Philippe Collombert (éd.), Laurent Coulon (éd.), Ivan Guermeur (éd.), Christophe Thiers (éd.) 9782724708295 Bulletin de liaison de la céramique égyptienne 30 Sylvie Marchand (éd.) 9782724708356 Dendara. La Porte d'Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724707953 Dendara. La Porte d’Horus Sylvie Cauville 9782724708394 Dendara. La Porte d'Hathor Sylvie Cauville 9782724708011 MIDEO 36 Emmanuel Pisani (éd.), Dennis Halft (éd.) © Institut français d’archéologie orientale - Le Caire Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) 1 / 1 Anne F. BroAdBridge Diplomatic Conventions in the Mamluk Sultanate iplomatic conventions are generally understood to mean the protocol and etiquette that govern encounters between the representatives of different states, such as when Dambassadors go to a foreign court to meet with its ruler on behalf of their own. -
Arab Scholars and Ottoman Sunnitization in the Sixteenth Century 31 Helen Pfeifer
Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750 Islamic History and Civilization Studies and Texts Editorial Board Hinrich Biesterfeldt Sebastian Günther Honorary Editor Wadad Kadi volume 177 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ihc Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750 Edited by Tijana Krstić Derin Terzioğlu LEIDEN | BOSTON This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. Cover illustration: “The Great Abu Sa’ud [Şeyhü’l-islām Ebū’s-suʿūd Efendi] Teaching Law,” Folio from a dīvān of Maḥmūd ‘Abd-al Bāqī (1526/7–1600), The Metropolitan Museum of Art. The image is available in Open Access at: https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/447807 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Krstić, Tijana, editor. | Terzioğlu, Derin, 1969- editor. Title: Historicizing Sunni Islam in the Ottoman Empire, c. 1450–c. 1750 / edited by Tijana Krstić, Derin Terzioğlu. Description: Boston : Brill, 2020. | Series: Islamic history and civilization. studies and texts, 0929-2403 ; 177 | Includes bibliographical references and index.