Neural Networks

AIAI andand thethe NetNet •• Buyer’sBuyer’s GuideGuide

19.1

Where Intelligent Technology Meets the Real World www.pcai.com

IntelligentIntelligent Applications Applications

TThehe ModernModern RoboticRobotic Also:Also: “Movement”“Movement” Agents, Business Applications, TThehe StateState ofof AIAI Today:Today: TheThe Business Intelligence, WWeb:eb: AI’sAI’s NewNew PlaygroundPlayground Computational Intelligence, Data Analysis & Mining, Robotics:Robotics: RobotsRobots ThatThat Intelligent Applications, Intelligent Tools, MimicMimic AnimalsAnimals Intelligent Tutoring, Intelligent Web Searching, TThehe NationalNational ScienceScience Neural Networks, Foundation:Foundation: EncouragingEncouraging Robotics, tthehe ResearchersResearchers ofof Speech Recognition, TTomorrowomorrow Web Based Expert Systems, Plus:Plus: AIAI andand thethe Net,Net, Training, Bookzone,Bookzone, Buyer’sBuyer’s Guide,Guide, AI Conferences, ProductProduct UUpdatespdates and more! PC AI 2 19.1 Quantities Limited

Buy PC AI Back Issues 1995 1999 A Great Resource 9 #1 Intelligent Tools 13 #1 Intelligent Tools & Languages 9 #2 Fuzzy Logic / Neural Networks (Knowledge Verification) for AI Research 9 #3 Object Oriented Development 13 #2 Rule and Object Oriented 9 #4 Knowledge-Based Systems Development (Data Mining) $8.00/Issue - US 9 #5 AI Languages 13 #3 Neural Nets & Fuzzy Logic (For Us and Canadian and 9 #6 Business Applications (Searching) Foreign Postage 13 #4 Knowledge-Based Systems contact PC AI or visit the 1996 (Fuzzy Logic) 10 #1 Intelligent Applications PC AI web site) 13 #5 Data Mining (Simulation and 10 #2 Object Oriented Development Modeling) Order online at 10 #3 Neural Networks / Fuzzy Logic 13 #6 Business Applications www.pcai.com 10 #4 Knowledge-Based Systems (Machine Learning) Total amount enclosed 10 #5 Genetic Algorithm & Modeling 10 #6 Business Applications 2000 $______. Sold Out 14 #1 Intelligent Applications 1997 Send payment and 14 #2 Intelligent Web Applications 11 #1 Intelligent Applications (Intel- & Object Oriented coupon to: ligent Web Search Engines) Development PC AI Back Issue Request 11 #2 Object Oriented Development 14 #3 Intelligent Web Portals, Neural POB 30130 Phoenix AZ 85046 (Expert Systems on the Web) Networks and Fuzzy Logic 11 #3 Neural Nets / Fuzzy Logic 14 #4 Knowledge Management, Call PC AI at 602 971-1869 (Expert Systems) Expert Systems, Intelligent 11 #4 Knowledge-Based Systems Name EBusiness ______(Data Mining) 14 #5 Data Mining, Modeling & Sim- Address 11 #5 Data-Mining and Genetic ulation, Genetic Algorithms ______Algorithm (Expert Systems) City State 11 #6 Business Applications 2001 ______Zip (Neural Networks) 15 #1 Intelligent Applications ______15 #2 AI Web Apps, OOD, AI 1998 Language Visa/MC/Amer# 12 #1 Intelligent Tools & Languages 15 #3 Intelligent Business Rules & ______(Automated Agents) Fuzzy Logic (Petri Nets in Exp. Date ______12 #2 Object Oriented Development Prolog, Knowledge for Sale) Signature______(Java Based AI ) 15 #4 Knowledge Management and Phone ______12 #3 Neural Nets / Fuzzy Logic Decision Support (Brief E-mail ______(Modeling) History of AI ) For a complete summary of the back 12 #4 K nowledge-Based Systems 15 #5 Data Mining, Modeling, Simu- issue contents visit: (Modeling Methodology) Check out PC AI’s 15 year cumulative ulation and Analysis, Natural 12 #5 Data Mining and Discovery index at: Language Processing http://www.pcai.com/web/indexes/Cu (Knowledge Management) 15 #6 AI to Combat Terrorism (Rule- mulative_index.html or 12 #6 Business Applications Based Expert Systems, Hal - http://www.pcai.com/web/issues/back (Neural Networks) 2001, Multi-agent Network _issue_summary.html Planning)

PC AI 3 18.6 PC AI 4 18.6 Where Intelligent Technology Meets the Real World

Theme: Intelligent Applications Volume 19, Number 1

Table of Contents Columns 18 The Modern Robotic “Movement” 45 Book Zone Ilana Marks discusses some of the *Clustering for Data Mining new technologies in robotics that *Applications of Agent Technology in are bringing human movement to Traffic and Transportation robots. Examples presented in the *UML 2 and the Unified Process *Decomposition Methodology for article include the development of a Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining prosthetic hand replicating a human *Computer-Aided Intelligent thumb, an arm with joints controlled Recognition Techniques and by an electrical probe in the brain, Applications robotic surgery and planetary rovers *Ontology Learning from Text *Information Processing and Security with legs for increased dexterity. Systems *Advances in Mining, Graphs, Trees 24 The State of AI Today: Page 18 and Sequences The Web: AI’s New Ilana Marks Playground Elizabeth Lane presents the second 52 Buyer’s Guide in a series of articles discussing the current state of AI. This article focuses Business Intelligence, Computational on how AI technologies integrate into Intelligence, Data Mining, Intelligent Applications, Intelligent Tutoring, web applications. She explores Intelligent Web Searching and searching the web using intelligent Robotics agents, anti-spam algorithms, and an opinion mining system for reviews of online shopping systems. Regular Features 28 National Science Foundation: Encouraging the 7 Editorial Researchers of Tomorrow Page 28 8 Product Update Elisa Hicks explores the resources Agents, Business Applications, Data available through the National Science Mining, Expert Systems, Intelligent Foundation to bring the abstract world Agents, Intelligent Tools, Neural Networks, Robotics, Speech of technology into the every day life of Recognition, AI Conferences children to encourage them in the fields of technology. 35 AI-Q Crossword Puzzle 31 Robotics: Robots That Robotics and Speech Recognition Mimic Animals 39 AI and the Net Rob Costi expounds on research in Increasing Medical Knowledge, A animal robotics and how these applica- Program that Solves Crossword tions contribute to the future of robot- Puzzles, Playing Games, Agent ics. The Insbot, designed to interact with Page 32 Replacing Stockbrokers and more. cockroaches, the fluid motion of the Ilana Marks Public Anemone, and a robotic lobster are some of the applications discussed. 65 Classifieds and Recruiting

PC AI 5 19.1 PCPC AIAI VolumeVolume 1818 Buy PC AI Volume 18 on CD nownow onon CDCD For Paid Subscribers - $14 each CD Non-Paid Subscribers - $32 each CD 6 Issues in both HMTL and PDF US Postage - $3.00 for postage per CD Issues 18.1 - 18.6 (2004-2005) Foreign Postage - $5.00 per CD)

Additional updates and bonus video not in (Quantity Discounts are available) the original issues. Order online at All web issues reformatted with PC AI www.pcai.com/store Navigation Bar or Higher Quality PDF’s Contact PC AI directly (602) 971-1869 Over 70 articles, columns and puzzles PC AI Volume 16 and Volume 17 CDs are Sample articles include: also available. Systems Analysis & RAD Vol 17 Articles include: The Social Life of Indexed vs. Unindexed Searching Books, The DARPA Challenge, Searching Microarrays and AI Beyond the Tower of Babel, AI and the Law, Expert Systems in Medicine and many more. and much, much more. Vol 16 Articles include: Microsoft Research Topics included: Spawns a New Era in Speech Technology, Data Mining, Robotics, Business Rules, Microsoft's Machine Translation, Backward Chaining, Intro to Fuzzy Logic, Prolog Genetic Algorithms, Prolog, LISP, Business Fundamentals, and many more. Forecasting, Case-Based Reasoning, Knowledge Management, Agents, Fuzzy Plus, regular columns AI and the Net, The Logic, Intelligent Tutoring, Expert Systems, Bookzone and Robotics, as well as the PC AI Logic Programming, Modeling and Product Update and Buyer’s Guide. Simulation, Searching, Pattern Matching, Visit www.pcai.com/store to order all 6 Natural Language Processing, etc. issues of either volume on one CD today!

PC AI 6 19.1 Editorial Practical Artificial Intelligence Over the past few months, Mother Nature has demonstrated her awesome power as Katrina and Rita pounded the gulf coast - covered 24 hours per day by network and published Where Intelligent Technology news. One the other side of the world news professionals covers stories of hope and fear, Meets the Real World progress and terrorism. On a more positive note, the Discovery Channel presented a quadriplegic that is able to move a mouse on a computer screen and even close the fingers of a Publisher prosthesis hand, all through a direct connection to his brain. Other companies are looking to Terry Hengl add smarts to wheel chairs to help avoid collisions. These stories and many others Senior Editor (www.aaai.org/AITopics/html/archvF9.html) have one thing in common - they all demonstrate the Don Barker practical use of some form of artificial intelligence. It is ironic that the very news media that has been painting a black cloud over the AI Webmaster industry for years uses AI technology each day, to research their stories and write their articles. Ilana Marks From the intelligent search engine used to complete the research, to the thesaurus used to write Columnists/Editors material, to the grammar and spell checker used to proof read their articles, all have major AI Elisa Hicks components. In addition, the help functions used to understand their PC tools (e.g. Clippy), and Ilana Marks even the dollar bill reader that verifies and supplies their coffee from the vending machine Casper Goldberg would not run as they do today without the help of an intelligent component. Paul E. Grayson The future of AI holds even more promise as we revisit some of those topics mentioned Contributors above. The University of Aberdeen, UK, is creating a weather forecasting program that may be Elisa Hicks more reliable than human weathermen (www.newscientist.com/article/mg18725185.800.html). Initially Ilana Marks created for improving weather forecasting near off shore oilrigs, the concepts are expanding to Elizabeth Lane more general forecasting. The International Resure System Institute of Japan and the Shenyang Rob Costi Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are establishing a Sino-Japan Rescue and Safety Robot Technology Research Center that will research and develop robots to Layout and Typography assist in disaster relief (http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2005-09/14/content_3489826.htm). Michael Wiederhold Unfortunately, there is no shortage of disasters (floods, earthquakes, fires, etc.), and there is often no way for a human to enter the danger area without placing himself at risk. By placing Graphic Design and Illustration sensors, communication devices, navigation tools, mechanical arms and other capabilities, Laurens Watson robots can provide needed assistance. Vice President of Marketing AI Technology is a fundamental part of a new context-sensitive Windows search tool Robin Okun developed at Northwestern University that understands what is being read or written and Editorial Assistant creates the appropriate queries (http://news.com.com/Move+over,+Google+Sidebar/ 2100-1032_3- 5877782.html). These queries end up at various information resources that return matching Lauren Dana information sorted by relevance. Please direct all editorial and To read more about how AI has become mainstream and fundamental to our existences, advertising inquiries to: see the AI is out there - Artificial intelligence may not be living up to sci-fi visions, but it has gone underground into many day-to-day systems. In the business and Technology section of PC AI Red Herring (www.redherring.comArticle.aspx?a=13324&hed=AI+Knows+It%e2%80%99s PO Box 30130 +Out+There+) Phoenix, AZ 85046-0130 In this issue, Elizabeth Lane presents the second article in a series covering current (602) 971-1869 [email protected] applications of AI technology that have a bearing on everyday people. In "The State of AI www.pcai.com Today: The Web: AI's New Playground," she explores how AI technologies integrate in Web applications. Intelligent Agents not only speed the process of searching through massive Subscription rates are $25 for one amounts of data, they can represent you on the Web and anticipate your needs. One technology year (6 issues); $40 for two years we can all benefit from is a new program in development from IBM called Chung-Kwei (12 issues) (www.research.ibm.com/spam/filtering.html). Using a complex pattern-discovering system based on a Entire contents copyright ©2005 by knowledge base of spam email, it automatically identifies new spam, even when the sender alters Knowledge Technology, Inc., unless the title. The program checks the spam grammar in the body of the email, which is more otherwise noted. consistent than titles. Who wouldn't benefit from a reduction in unsolicited email! Authorization to photocopy items In "The Modern Robotic "Movement,"” Ilana Marks discusses how new technologies are published in PC AI Magazine for helping humans by increasing dexterity in robotic movement. The researchers at the University internal or personal use, or the internal of Southampton in the UK are developing a prosthetic hand with human thumb movement. or personal use of specific clients is The device connects to the muscles in the wrist and allows the user to pinch objects and lift granted by Knowledge Technology, provided that the base fee of $3.00 per them. Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are experimenting with a direct connection copy, plus $0.25 per page is paid between the brain and a robotic arm. Using monkeys, they showed that the robotic arm moved directly to the Copyright Clearance based on the brain function of the animal. The Smart Wheelchair and a new design in Center. interplanetary rovers are other topics in the article. In this issue's Robotics column, you will find a discussion of animal robotics such as a *PC AI (ISSN 0894-0711) is robotic cockroach and lobster. Steamlining robotic movement will lead to more robotic published bi-monthly by capability in the future. Elisa Hicks also explores how the National Science Foundation is Knowledge Technology, Inc., working to encourage future generations to continue developing cutting-edge applications that PO Box 30130, affect our everyday lives. Our regular features such as AI and the Net, The Bookzone, and the Phoenix, AZ 85046-0130 PC AI Buyer's Guide are back again to detail AI news and the latest products and books. Enjoy! Terry Hengl

PC AI 7 19.1 ProductProduct UpdatesUpdates

Agents enhanced with an intuitive system of raising and responding to events, both locally and across network connections. The event-driven programming model develops distributed rule-based systems, expert systems, and knowledge-based applications. Built on the Windows Sockets (Winsock) TCP/IP support in WIN-PROLOG, Chimera is autonomous, needing no other toolkits. Chimera is compatible with other LPA products including the Flex expert system, Flint uncertainty handling toolkit, Prolog++ object- oriented system, CBR toolkit and Data Mining toolkit. Automatically manages the intricacies of setting up and processing network interactions by using a small set of predicates for a brief learning curve. The tutorial-style user manual starts with first principles and makes its way to the implementation of a multi-agent application in seven chap- New Agent Engine Built on TCP/IP Services ters. Each section includes step-by-step examples, complete Logic Programming Associates Ltd. announces the release with screenshots. Available now, detailed product informa- of Chimera, an agent development and deployment tool for tion can be found on their web site at www.lpa.co.uk/chi.htm. WIN-PROLOG which writes multi-agent applications capable of running on multiple machines across TCP/IP net- Logic Programming Associates Ltd works. Using the heuristic intelligence modeling of logic [email protected] programming, the standard relational nature of Prolog is www.lpa.co.uk

PC AI 8 19.1 assignments, and document inclusion/exclusion. The goal is to include the appropriate content in the enterprise index while excluding confidential or secure data, information generally controlled at the departmental level. “Meta-searches” combine separate indexes, or search alone allowing different levels of security for enterprise content, such as specific access for corporate management, employees, and business partners. Other features include: Files systems crawling to index file servers without web server software; Document-level security to limit user access to search results they are approved to view; Mirroring, or maintaining an optional redundant system; Real-time indexing for imme- diate control of documents; and Automatic scale-up to add document limits by remote software upgrade or adding appliances as needed.

Thunderstone Software LLC www.thunderstone.com RetrievalWare 8.1 Convera Corporation announces the availability of version 8.1 of the company’s RetrievalWare search software plat- Next Issue form. New features include Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval capabilities through Web services and The scheduled theme is: Java APIs; semantic indexing, categorization, classification Intelligent Web Applications / Agents and other folder services using a single index; 14 language processors; pluggable cartridge architecture for semantic resources; Convera’s Knowledge Workbench v3.0 for creating, tailoring, and extending taxonomies and semantic resources; and the new Spider v.2.0; and improved installa- tion. Contact Convera for more information or download the informational brochure at www.convera.com/litcenter

Convera Corporation [email protected] www.convera.com Business Applications

Distributed Management via Administrative Access Controls Thunderstone Software announces administrative access controls for distributed management within the Thunderstone Search Appliance allowing department administrator control of subsets within a Thunderstone Search Appliance enterprise index. Utilizing an advanced permissions management database a top-level administrator delegates Search Appliance control privileges to other managers. Each recipient has access to specific controls relating only to the document indexes they have responsibility for via a secure web page. Search Appliance sub-administrators cannot adjust other managers’ indexes or settings and the top administrator may give different controls to each, such as document file types, re-indexing schedule, category

PC AI 9 19.1 response time for users. Basic data mining of multidimen- sional data with built-in clustering, correlation, and association algorithms are included; advanced analysis capabilities are provided in the iSeries version of SPSS’ Clementine. Graphical interfaces create complex environments and calculations and load, calculate, and monitor Essbase cubes. ShowCase Analyzer report designers create customized reports and business users' access and print via a Web browser. Users move between multi-dimensional and relational databases. Enterprise Reporting repositories in the Suite allow enterprise-wide report distribution of spreadsheets created with the Query "Excel add-ins" opened and refreshed in a browser. Provides centralized control of individual or group access through enhanced role-based securi - ty, for example if they can run documents, publish content, Upgrades to Business Intelligence schedule recurring reports, run them dynamically and view Components of ShowCase Suite data based on the user's clearance. Report designers create SPSS announces upgraded versions of the components "composite" documents with multiple reports and charts within ShowCase Suite 7.0, (including ShowCase Essbase, linked for summarized data with access to more detailed ShowCase Analyzer, and ShowCase Enterprise Reporting information. Visit www..spss.com/showcase/ for more details. www.spss.com/showcase/ ) a business intelligence and data mining solution for the IBM eServer iSeries (AS/400) comput- SPSS Inc. ing platform. With Suite 7.0, Hyperion Solutions’ Essbase www..spss.com 7X is available on the IBM eServer iSeries. Enhancements include a reduction in time to load and calculate multi- Data Mining dimensional databases or “cubes” and the ability to build cubes with more dimensions, without compromising the

Semantic Web Based Solution for Corporate Knowledge Organization TEMIS, a text mining provider, and Mondeca, a software vendor for solutions in knowledge and content organization, announce a sales and technology alliance. A solution based TEMIS’ Insight Discoverer suite of Text Mining software, designed for knowledge extraction and semi-automatic indexing of content, and Mondeca’s Intelligent Topic Manager system, designed to manage knowledge bases or ontologies using the standards defined by the Semantic Web, will be marketed by Mondeca. The integrated solution is designed to: Manage multilingual thesauri and taxonomies

PC AI 10 19.1 to share common vocabularies, organize content and facili- for professional users with tate searches; Federate content around business-specific ref- hot folder workflow, expert- erence systems and knowledge bases; and Analyze internal system customization, multi- and external sources in order to extract knowledge to feed ple size setting, cropping, ICC business-specific reference systems and index the systems. color profile workflow and an The solution conforms to the Semantic Web standards unlimited number of photos. (XML, OWL, RDF, and Topic Maps) and can be incorpo- The exposure, contrast and rated with document management tools and search engines color are automatically adjust- using its Java API and Web Services. The solution is already ed, as well as a soft/sharp in practice in European media and publishing corporations. option, using fuzzy logic algorithms. Red eye removal is Mondeca also available. Revised images www.mondeca.com are saved with a user and set TEMIS name and are ready for print- www.temis-group.com ing or viewing.

KlearVision digital Expert Systems www.klearvision.com

Artificial Intelligence Eye Drops – Get the Red Out Order PC AI Volume 16, 17 and 18 CDs: KlearVision digital announces Photo-D, auto-correction at www.pcai.com/store software based on a rule-based expert system to optimize CDs include 6 issues and bonus content includ- and enhance digital image files, for printing or viewing. ing videos and demos. Vol 16 CD includes a Product suite includes home use versions with up to 750 photos per week, 100 per set to fully customized products special bonus issue - 15.6 AI to Combat Terrorism

PC AI 11 19.1 Database Intelligent Tools Administration EMS announces EMS PostgreSQL Manager 3 for Windows which works with any PostgreSQL version up to 8.0 and supports all features including table- spaces, argument names in functions, changing column types and dollar-quoted strings. A graphical user interface provides a wizard system. Database Explorer tree allows tabs for any node of the tree to minimize scrolling. Visual Database Designer has diagram navigation, two diagram notations (IDEF1x and IE), and visual customization options. Visual query builder builds queries without any Target Internet Search Results knowledge of SQL syntax. Data management tools include Aware Search announces Aware, an internet search tool that data grouping, summarizing, searching and filtering. Multi- adjusts its results as you continue to provide input – based on how close the search is to your needs. Multiple search engines are utilized to speed the search while user ratings of results modify the search to supply more targeted information. Users click on positive or negative icons to indicate the relative importance of the site. The program creates key terms lists based on the topic and input. Results are stored within the application on the hard drive so searches can be postponed and picked up again later without the need to bookmark. Folders organize the data allowing multiple searches at one time. A “File Later” folder is also available so searches can be run in the background while the user is working on other projects. Search information can be exported to Zip files. Search Properties can be amended for later searches. The program can also block specific web pages from the search so they do not clog the search results. A free 30-day trial is available at www.awaresearch.com/ freetrial.htm

Aware Search www.awaresearch.com/default.htm

PC AI 12 19.1 level mode allows modification and viewing of several relat - based performance enhancements; Automatic binary instal- ed tables at the same time. Represent data in a table or card lation selection; Bundled notebook indexing for desktop view; copy and paste selected records and print data as search; SSH support for secure remote kernels; vCard and viewed. Manage reports through the DB Explorer tree; cre- RSS import; New algorithms for symbolic differential equa- ate reports with a new wizard and store them as a database tions; quadratic quantifier elimination; Singular-case support or separate file. Pricing and more details are available at for high-level special functions; and new statistics charts. www.sqlmanager.net. Available for Windows (32-bit/64-bit), Mac OS X (32- bit/64-bit), and Linux (32-bit/64-bit) and the following EMS workstation and server platforms: Linux (Itanium), Sun www.sqlmanager.net/en/ Solaris (x86-64, SPARC), HP Tru64 UNIX, HP-UX, IBM AIX, SGI IRIX, and compatible systems. More details are available on the Mathematica website at www.wolfram.com Neural Networks /products/mathematica/newin52/.

Wolfram Research 64-Bit Computing www.wolfram.com Wolfram Research announces Mathematica 5.2, a 64-bit multi-core release which allows 64-bit processing on all sup- Check out the ported platforms. Over 4.3GB of memory (the 32-bit address limit) can be addressed; high-precision or large PC AI Buyer’s Guide on Page 52 numbers are processed in 64-bit rather than 32-bit digit seg- for more product information ments. Also supports automatically threaded numerical lin- Categories include: ear algebra on popular platforms, enabling linear algebra Agents, AI Languages, Case-Based operations to automatically run in parallel on available processor cores whether multiple or multicore CPUs, avail- Reasoning, Help Desk, Intelligent Web able and expected to be universal by early next year in note- Applications, and Object Oriented books and other systems. Enhancements include: Vector- Technology

PC AI 13 19.1 Robotics

Home Robots Available for Christmas Zip Inc. announces they are taking orders for “nuvo”, a 39 cm tall mobile humanoid robot. Fourteen motors allow the robot to walk and stand up on special shoes designed as shock absorbers with gripping action. There are 15 joints, or degrees of freedom to allow motions which were specifically designed by a choreographer. A special feature stops motion once the robot comes into contact with an edge. All electrical parts are hidden beneath the specially designed outer body to keep children safe. The robot can be controlled via a special cell phone “FOMA”, with web access, or voice commands using a voice recognition engine “AMI Voice”. The robot is able to tell time, play music, and take photos and place them into an album. A prototype version is also available for research institutions. Zip Inc. www.zmp.co.jp/e_home.html

Personal Household Robot The Personal Robot Research Center and NEC announce PaPeRo 2005, an updated version of the PaPeRo 2001 developed as a companion to live in the home. A new Echo Canceller technology allows the robot to hear and respond while speaking. Two CCD cameras allow character recogni-

PC AI 14 19.1 tion, gesture and pendulum swing detection. The robot can tern recognition expressed as reinforcement learning. read and understand written words and remember and iden- Optimized for small, embedded footprints, such as low cost tify people using image recognition technology and an index consumer electronics, toys and games; Products imitating of faces it has encountered. Personal computers and PDAs real life behaviors such as entertainment robots dogs and can interact with the device as well as other PaPeRos. They people, and dolls with interactive experiences. Adaptive AI added the ability to tell jokes and stories and a sense of enables products to replicate life-like characteristics with humor. Outer hardware remains the same, available in multi- personalities that transform over time. A product may get ple colors. CPU uses a Pentium-M 1.6GHz with 512 MB hungry, tired, prefer certain foods, be excited, sad, angry. memory. They also announced a childcare robot with image The technology even allows for unique “birth characteris- recognition among people in a state of continuous move- tics” for each product, so that with individual environments ment. Four touch centers on the head and five around the once purchased, result in no two units being exactly alike. body allow small children to interact. Parents call the built in The technology also allows a light switch or a thermostat to mobile phone, PaPeRo locates their child and starts playing learn the preferences and patterns of the owner and meet with him/her so the parent can use the TV conferencing those requests automatically. Extensive product setup is not feature to watch the child via the cameras in PaPeRo’s eyes. required; time with the user educates the product of the Parents can talk to their children using the robot’s micro- user’s preferences. The product continues to learn so it phones and speakers. A PaPe Sack worn by the children keeps up with preferences as they change over time. contains ultrasonic transmitters and wireless microphones Sensory’s RSC-4x Family of microcontrollers with speech for locating multiple people and voice recognition of those input/output (I/O) capabilities support the Adaptive AI in the group. Ultrasonic sensors help the robot to move technology. Powered by Sensory’s new FluentChip firmware safely. Bumper switches detect accidental contact and stop suite of speech recognition, speech synthesis and music syn- the wheels. The robot is designed without any projections or thesis technologies, these products handle recognition gaps for small fingers. vocabularies of up to 40 speaker independent words. All hardware, ROM, and RAM are contained on the chip, NEC including a general-purpose microcontroller and 16 bit A/D www.incx.nec.co.jp/robot/english/robotcenter_e.html converter. When the existing microcontroller is replaced by the FluentChip, intelligence, personality, speech input (recog- Speech Recognition

Dime-sized Adaptive Personality for Consumer Products Sensory, Inc. announces Adaptive Artificial Intelligence for the RSC-4x Family of speech processors. The technology creates products that are trained over time and display life- like personalities based on a methodology on statistical pat-

PC AI 15 19.1 nition) and speech output (talking), can be added with an enhancements and bug fixes, visit the MacSpeech web site incremental cost of less than $1. www.macspeech.com. The update is free to existing users of iListen 1.5 or later; previous versions upgrade for $39.95. Sensory, Inc. www.sensoryinc.com MacSpeech www.macspeech.com Speech Enhancements for Mac MacSpeech announces version 1.6.8 of iListen which sup- VoIP Solutions and HMP Support ports Mac OS® X v10.4 “Tiger”. Users say “Open Edify Corp., announces Edify Voice Interaction Platform Spotlight” followed by the word or phrase they would like to (EVIP) Release 9.5, an enterprise system which allows a search for to enable hands-free searching by accessing choice between hardware-based VoIP solutions and soft- Apple’s Spotlight. A new workflow application lets users ware-only Host Media Processing (HMP) support. The new automate repetitive tasks by dragging an Apple Automator release supports standards-based voice applications utilizing application they have created to a new command editor win- VoIP, Session Initiation Protocol, VoiceXML and Speech dow in iListen and naming it. From then on, they speak the Application Language Tags (SALT). Companies choose the name in order to run their workflow task. Along with the deployment option: a Voice Browser and Voice Application Tiger-specific features, other enhancements include new Server to utilize an Enterprise Voice Portal Architecture or Transcription AppleScript commands and a description field an inclusive voice system platform with both voice and in the Command Editor to enter comments about how the speech solutions. The open development environment command should be used. Dictation is completed in a nor- allows VoiceXML while utilizing Edify's data access and mal tone of voice and at a normal pace using the Philips multi-channel capabilities in a distributed environment or a FreeSpeech 2000 speech engine. The product learns your single, integrated platform. Supports Windows 2003 operat- speech patterns and pronunciation to function more quickly ing environment for business operations and the MRCP over time. Multiple profiles are available so more than one open standard. user can benefit from the system. The product has a vocabulary of over 330,000 words. The product is AppleScript Edify Corporation compatible and Internet ready. For a complete list of www.edify.com

PC AI 16 19.1 Ninth International Symposium on GENERAL Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics ANNOUNCEMENT SECTION The Ninth International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics will take place January 4-6, 2006 in Fort Lauderdale, FL. The three day conference Conferences brings together the disciplines of mathematics, theoretical computer science, and artificial intelligence. They are Emerging Technologies Conference at MIT accepting paper submissions with an emphasis on the Technology Review’s Emerging Technologies Conference will foundations of AI and mathematical methods used in take place September 28-29, 2005 in Cambridge, MA at the AI. The focus is to be on the lessons learned during the Kresge Auditorium on MIT’s campus. The conference is now in development of applications, rather than simply a its 5th year and will discuss innovative technologies in the fields description of the application. Submit papers with a of Pharmaceuticals, Electronics, Medicine, Computing, maximum of 8 pages in PDF or PS format. The dead- Telecommunications, Energy, Transportation, Logistics, line is October 2, 2005 with works reviewed by the Manufacturing, Biotechnology, Wireless and Nanotechnology. Program Committee. Final papers due November 21, The focus will be on how these technologies will impact eco- 2005. nomic growth in the near future. Annals of Math and AI, Florida Atlantic University, Technology Review’s Emerging Technologies Conference at Contact: Shlomo Zilberstein, University of MIT Massachusetts, www.tretc.com/default.asp Computer Science [email protected] http://anytime.cs.umass.edu/~aimath06/ Call for Papers EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems deals with the theory and practice of embedded systems, including practical aspects of theory and methods to design homoge- neous and heterogeneous systems combining data-driven and control- driven behaviors. The journal is requesting original full and short papers, correspondence and reviews on design and development of embedded systems, methodologies applied for their specification, modeling and design, and adaptation of algorithms for real-time execution. Papers can be submitted at any time, and should be submitted through EURASIP JES' manuscript tracking system found at www.hindawi.info/es/.

EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems http://www.hindawi.info/es/

PC AI 17 19.1 TheThe ModernModern RoboticsRobotics “Movement”“Movement”

By Ilana Marks

Introduction something we do everyday yet would be like to be without a In the past, robots were clunky rarely notice. The plethora of thumb. Now try doing some little machines that were limited in the movement possibilities for the everyday tasks. You will quickly tasks they could perform because human hand is simply mind discover that they become very they lacked precision in boggling. The network of muscles difficult without the use of your movement. They were able to and the structure of our hands thumbs. The thumb has a large move about a room easily but allow them to respond to range of motion and its position would struggle to perform the commands from our brain and below the other fingers allows you small, delicate tasks. In the present perform everything from broad to effectively grasp objects. day, we are always looking for ways gestures to delicate tasks like Therefore, without the thumb, to ease our workload and simplify picking up spilled nails or doing grasping is very difficult. At best, it our tasks using automated devices needlework. To emulate this range requires two hands to pick up and robots. However, robots as of movement in a motor-driven objects and you may even require they once were could never handle prosthetic hand is much more the aid of other body parts to some of the simple tasks we take difficult than it may initially seem. steady the grip. The researchers for granted much less large scale However, for people living with knew the importance of the work that requires precision and amputations, prosthetic hands that opposable thumb and realized it attention to detail. Therefore, can perform everyday human should be an important part of any robotics researchers are always movements would be extremely prosthetic limb. They developed looking for ways to implement a helpful. the Southampton Remedi-Hand more precise, smooth, fluid, Researchers at the University of which is connected to the muscles human-like motion to robots. Southampton in the UK are in the wrist and responds to signals Here are some of the new developing such a prosthetic hand. in those muscles. It can grip technologies that strive to bring Particularly, they focused on objects by "pinching" them with human movement to robots. replicating the movement of the the thumb and index fingers with human thumb. Try this as an the other fingers supporting the A Robotic Hand To Pick Up experiment: Wrap a rubber band object. It can also hold objects Objects around each hand, securing the with a strong grip by wrapping the The small task of efficiently thumb to the palm of your hand. fingers around it, much like you and tightly grasping objects is This effectively emulates what it would grip a screwdriver or other

PC AI 18 19.1 small handled object. The thumb is powered by two motors. One allows the thumb to rotate while the other moves it back and forth. While there are other movements to the human thumb, these two are exceedingly important to our ability to grip. The other fingers are each powered by individual motors to allow them to move independently. The fingers and the thumb are attached to a robotic palm which is important in supporting picked-up objects. The result is a hand that is more dexterous and more like the typical human hand. The researchers hope to add more intelligent technology to the hand. They hope to add sensors that will discover how tightly the object The robot gripper hand from the University of Southampton is able to is gripped and adjust the efficiently grip items by using a human-like thumb and forefinger grip movement accordingly. This will mediated by a series of independent motors. prevent the hand from crushing Image Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4225896.stm

PC AI 19 19.1 delicate objects or grip more tightly on objects that could be in danger of slipping, just like a human would do. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/42 25896.stm

From Hands to Arms Having hands is great but they would be relatively useless if connected to an immobile arm. While generally less complex than the hand, the arm also has joints and muscles that move in a variety of different ways in response to signals from the brain. However, simple prosthetic arms are typically designed more for appearance than precise movement. Particularly, artificial The robotic arm controlled directly by impulses from the monkey’s arms may respond to muscle brain. The monkey was shown food, yet its own hands are restrained contractions in the skin to which behind its back. Instead, the monkey’s brain told the robotic arm to do it is attached. However, this does the motions of retrieving and grasping the banana. This technology not tell the arm what specific could be useful in prosthetic limbs. movement the brain is trying to Image Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/07 convey. To do that, one must /050705012022.htm "translate" the transmitted their information to brain's the arm. An algorithm was electrical designed to filter out electrical messages and signals from the brain and turn those into condense the most important commands for signals related to certain movement. movements. The monkey's real Researchers arms were tied so they could not at the move them. Instead, their intended University of movements were sent to the Pittsburgh prosthesis. They were then have created presented with food. As predicted, such a device. the prosthetic arm reached for the The arm has food and grasped it, indicating that elbow and the arm was responding to the shoulder joints monkey's movement commands. and a gripping With this success, the researchers tool for a are looking to do human trials in hand. They the near future. Such a prosthetic tested the arm device would be a revolutionary on monkeys. change in the prosthetic world The monkeys because it in essence becomes a had electrical functioning part of the body, probes inserted controlled by the central nervous in their brains. These electrical Order the new Volume 17 probes CD at www.pcai.com/store

PC AI 20 19.1 motion to navigate to the correct site. So, the da Vinci arm has eight degrees of freedom and can turn a complete 360 degrees. This would be difficult and uncomfortable motion for the experience human surgeon. Therefore, the da Vinci system even allows some motions that human surgeons can't do, opening up possibilities for new types of surgery. Plus, even the steadiest human hand still shakes slightly due to involuntary muscle movements. The da Vinci system, however, is solid and steady, leading to very precise surgery. While still in the early stages of The da Vinci surgery system acts like a remote-controlled surgeon. acceptance, the da Vinci system In surgery, there is no room for broad, jerky motions. Therefore, has been employed on several smooth movement of the robotic arm is vital. da Vinci is in use in successful surgeries and many several hospitals across the United States. hospitals are looking into the Image Source: http://www.news.cornell.edu/stories/July05/ technology. WCMC_prostectomy.mh.html system. difficult to http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/42 replicate. In 75245.stm the da Vinci Surgical Robot Surgery System, the Perhaps one of the most surgeon sits precise tasks in the human world is across the surgery. Cutting into the human room from body to repair internal damage is the patient in not something one conducts front of a haphazardly. Surgeons spend many console. years learning every little facet of Almost like a human anatomy and how to video game, navigate their way around the the surgeon human innards. As someone who manipulates has killed many an "Operation" the da Vinci patient in the popular board game, robot using a I can appreciate the skill and set of precision it must take to perform controllers successful surgery. Therefore, the similar to pinnacle of precision in robotic joysticks. movement is the increasingly Even though visible da Vinci Surgical System. the surgeon is We know that computers are very controlling precise in their calculations and do every not forget what they've learned. movement, This takes care of emulating the the robotic brain function of a surgeon. arms still need However, the tiny, steady hand to have a large movements are much more range of

PC AI 21 19.1 http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/ 2005/07/050705012022.htm

Interplanetary Lemur Everyone loves planetary rovers. There's something about exploring new worlds that brings out the wide-eyed child in all of us. Luckily, planetary rovers seem to be in constant development at NASA. Researchers are always looking for ways to do more and see more while exploring space and other planets. Dexterous movement is very important for achieving these goals. Planets are not flat objects with smooth surfaces. They are littered with obstacles and natural changes in the terrain. However, these are the very things NASA wants to study The trend in NASA planetary rovers is toward multi-legged robots. and we want to learn about. This allows them to reach areas that might have been off limits to a Therefore, NASA is developing traditional track-wheeled robot. The lemur is equipped with six more agile planetary robots. Gone independently controlled legs. It also has gripping arms and all of the are the days of robots tooling tools needed to gather and analyze samples. around on Mars using relatively Image Source: http://prl.jpl.nasa.gov/projects/lemur1/ inflexible track wheels. Today's lemur_index.html new planetary rovers have several of motion, the LEMUR planetary is not only a way to learn more legs that allow for human- or rover is sure to bring more insight about the capabilities of robotics animal-like movement. into the mysteries of other planets. but also a way to assist people who One example of such a robot is http://prl.jpl.nasa.gov/projects/lemur must use wheelchairs for whatever the LEMUR, a six-legged 1/lemur_index.html reason. Wheelchairs can be exploration vehicle. The legs are extremely rigid in motion making jointed allowing for additional Smart Wheelchair it exceedingly difficult to steer. flexibility in motion. The front Part of the reason why we as And, beyond that, the rider's brain pair of legs has four degrees of humans move about as adeptly must still recognize obstacles and, freedom, the back sets of legs have and flexibly as we do is because instead of relaying that three degrees of freedom. The our brains are constantly scoping information to the legs and feet, it LEMUR is also equipped with out the world around us and must relay it to the arms which gripper extremities for picking up telling us how to move effectively must then approximate the and sampling objects. Like other and safely. We are able to react to correction action. This is rovers, the LEMUR has a the changing nature of our something the body can grow microscope to analyze the samples environment. If we see an obstacle accustomed to, but I would for transmission back to Earth. ahead of us, our brains tell us to imagine it takes years of practice However, the microscope has been walk around it. Our brains tell us and plenty of patience. Therefore, integrated into the body of the how to get from point A to point a wheelchair capable of movement LEMUR so it will not interfere B, often in such a way that we in response to its environment with the range of motion. In fact, aren't fully aware of the complex would be an extremely useful the microscope is integrated into neural messages that drive the device. Researchers at Carnegie the gripper arm. This speeds up task. Of course, robotics Mellon University have been the sample analyzing process researchers are constantly trying to developing such systems for many because it is done at the same time duplicate this kind of adaptive years with the goal of making as sample acquisition. With the activity. them commercially available and greater speed, accuracy and range Smart wheelchair development affordable. With a new monetary PC AI 22 19.1 http://pittsburghlive.com/x/tribu ne- review/trib/pittsburgh/s_375496 .html

Conclusion The natural progression of technology is toward streamlining and smoothness of operation. This is because that is what people want. They want more technology in the home and in everyday life to make their tasks a little easier. In order to integrate into everyday life, however, there must be no kinks in the technological operation and it must be as logical to layman humans as possible. This is why modern robotics technologies are attempting to approximate human movements as closely as possible. Whether it be developing flexible and dexterous robotic limbs or developing leggy rovers to more effectively carry out exploration missions on other planets or hostile territories, robotic movement is constantly improving and evolving. This makes robots more and more useful and efficient, which is a good sign for the future of robotics technology. Smart wheelchairs promise to assist wheelchair users in controlling and steering the chair. Currently, they are very expensive due to the high- tech laser sensors that scan and identify objects. However, researchers at Carnegie Mellon University hope to streamline the technology and Ilana Marks is an editor/writer for produce a commercially available model within the next few years. PC AI Magazine. She received her Image Source: http://www.vard.org/jour/04/41/3b/simpson.html Bachelor of Science degree in Molecular and Cellular Biology grant, the researchers hope to able to develop less expensive from the University of Arizona in have a prototype available sensors and methods by which Tucson, AZ. She can be reached at within the next few years. The the chair recognizes and [email protected] expensive high-tech sensors on understands its environment, the chair make the cost of the allowing the smooth robotic current model prohibitive motion to ease the inherent except for large research difficulties of controlling an operations. With the new object that is not naturally grant, the researchers may be part of the body.

PCAI 23 19.1 TheThe StateState ofof AIAI Today:Today: TheThe Web:Web: AI’sAI’s NewNew PlaygroundPlayground

ByBy ElizabethElizabeth LaneLane

The Internet has become a maps or travel books. Without it must also be able to learn these pervasive force in everyday some kind of help, that road trip is shortcuts. The problem for search business and personal life. On it, going to be very stressful and the engines is to accommodate to the you can do anything from travelers will miss a lot of information-poor way that ordering merchandise to reading interesting sights along the way. humans ask questions. For the news to conversing with The Web is the same way. It is an example, say you are taking a someone halfway across the globe. extremely large collection of vacation to a new city. You get It seems that everyday we can do information and entertainment there and promptly meet up with more and more things on the Web and you need a "tour guide" to an old acquaintance that happens that we would have thought help you find exactly what you're to live there. You ask him what fun impossible even just one year ago. looking for. Search engines fill the activities and events are taking These rapid advances make the role of those tour guides and they place in the city over the next Web a perfect area of application are becoming more intelligent by week. Your friend promptly lists for AI technologies. AI can allow the day. They are increasingly able off several events that perfectly fit you to do much more on the Web to understand and extend queries, your interests and you proceed to with a minimum of inconvenience the way a human would. have a wonderful vacation. Now, to everyone. Therefore, AI Machines tend to take things let's consider that same situation, companies and researchers are literally. This is not surprising as but instead of querying a friend, intent on adapting their programs are based on you decide to use a search engine technologies for use on the Web. mathematical algorithms. These are and ask the same question - "what essentially formulas that take an activities and events are taking Intelligent Web Searches input down a predictable path to place in the city over the next and Agents an outcome (or set of outcomes). week?" To your dismay, millions of Search engines are an However, the reasoning of results come back, but after a important component of the Web. intelligent beings can be much less cursory examination, none of them Most people go online without formulaic. Over time, we have appear to be what you are looking any ideas of where to find developed shortcuts and cultural for. So, why was the friend able to information. It's sort of like conventions that require less literal answer your question quickly and getting in the car on a road trip to thinking and more life experience. accurately while the search engine an unknown place without any If AI is to become truly intelligent, couldn't even come close? Well,

PC AI 24 19.1 your friend already has information agents do. Just as agents in the real research much more efficiently than about where you are, when you are world represent you in foreign a human. Say you are looking to visiting, how far you might be dealings, intelligent web agents buy tile floors for your house. This willing to travel, and what types of represent you on the Web. They task would likely require trips to activities interest you. Your friend know the language of the Web yet many different stores to look at tile can look into the context of your still are able to communicate with styles and decide on the best value question and narrow down his you in order to fine-tune the for your money. This is inefficient recommendations accordingly. A effectiveness of their responses. Of and time constraints may force you search engine, however, doesn't course, these types of engines often to settle for something that may know you from Adam. This means require initial entry of information not be suitable or something you that the average search engine can't in order for the system to discover could have gotten cheaper from make any assumptions and instead vital data on the user. Computers another company. However, agents provides answers based on simple are not mind readers yet, but they can intelligently search the Web word matches, which, depending can use previous movements and and, based on the specified search on the question, may or may not be patterns to discover something criteria, can return comparison useful. Therefore, making search about the user. Artificial styles and prices. With more engines truly intelligent seems like a intelligence technology will one information, the customer has the difficult task. After all, you can't day turn computers into veritable tools to make an informed take your computer out to dinner psychologists that know everything decision. Shopping bots, as they are and have a heart-to-heart chat about you and can anticipate your casually called, are the utilities that about your interests. every need. In an age where help you compare prices in online One solution to this problem is efficiency and speed are stores and learn more about a to save interests and personal paramount, such AI advances in variety of products. information beforehand and, in agent technology are in high essence, create an online version of demand. Security on the Web yourself. This is what intelligent Agents are also able to do As the Web becomes

PC AI 25 19.1 ubiquitous in everyday life, it is typically tell what is spam. It be unsuccessful. With new AI also important to safeguard typically comes from an unknown technologies like Chung-Kwei, personal data and prevent other email address and has strange spam e-mail may one day soon misuses of the Web's connectivity. subject lines Spammers be a thing of the past. Opportunistic developers of deliberately come up with many dangerous software are always different subject lines in an Online Shopping and changing the makeup of their attempt to deceive, but that Comparison programs in order to get around deception is no match for the E-commerce is a huge blocking devices. In addition, even intelligent human mind. The only phenomenon these days. Every the best conventional blocking problem is that by the time the company has a web site and if you programs can't catch all instances human sees the spam, the message don't, you can probably expect of spam e-mails. For non- is already in your email account your customer base to switch to intelligent removal programs, even and thus has the opportunity to someone who does have a web site. slight variations in the structure of attack your computer. That's The convenience of online the threat can make blocking where AI comes into play. AI business is refreshing to busy attempts useless. However, an Internet security programs people. However, forsaking face- intelligent blocking program recognize patterns in spam email to-face business can be dangerous. would have a more innate correspondence and then use those When you walk into the understanding of what constitutes patterns to extend its knowledge as department store to buy a pair of a threat. As an analogy, consider new formats come along. pants, you can be assured that the how a human approaches danger. An example of a program pair you select will fit you and your Say you are a young child who has under development is Chung- tastes, because you have the never seen a knife before. You see a Kwei. Chung-Kwei is a spam opportunity to view the chef's knife sitting on the table recognition system being merchandise and try it on. While and you begin playing with it. developed by researchers at IBM. shopping online, often you don't Promptly, you are rewarded with a Chung-Kwei's pattern recognition have the luxury of sampling painful cut on your finger. Days capabilities come from previous something before you buy it. You later, you are looking for other program research into just have to trust that it is a quality things to play with. You see a computational biology. However, product and the description paring knife on the table. It as with any other technology, information is accurate. There is doesn't look identical to that researchers were looking to apply one thing on your side in online chef's knife you were playing with those same algorithms and shopping, however - reviews. previously, but you are able to programs to a broader range of Reviews tell you additional recognize it as a threat and you tasks. Therefore, the Teiresias information about the product and leave it alone. That type of human pattern discovery algorithm was make recommendations and extension of concepts is very born. When implemented in suggestions. The problem is that, useful in preventing online threats. Chung-Kwei, the algorithm creates particularly on larger e-commerce A malicious program may have a a sort of spam grammar and sites, there may be thousands of few lines of code altered, but it vocabulary using a knowledge reviews for popular products. still fits the profile of a threat. base of spam e-mails. When new Overall, the product's average While the Web serves to e-mail messages are encountered, rating might be 4.5 stars, but connect us to millions of other the algorithm uses its knowledge within those reviews there may be people, it often leaves us to discover whether the message is relevant information that may vulnerable to all kinds of consistent with the spam grammar. make you think twice before annoyances and threats. Currently, Chung-Kwei only buying the item. For instance, say Particularly, spam emails have analyzes the body of e-mails but you're looking to buy a pair of been on the rise lately. More than that may prove to be more pants online. Your main concern is just annoying, spam emails are effective in eliminating false- length. The product page gives no also deceptive and can carry positives because the bodies of information on the length of the viruses. People sending spam are spam e-mail may be more legs so you turn to the reviews. You constantly attempting to update distinctive than their titles. read review after review that speaks their emails to circumvent Therefore, efforts to modify highly of the texture of the traditional filtering software. messages to circumvent the material but nothing about how However, as a human you can detection system are likely to long the pants are. Finally, after

PC AI 26 19.1 sifting through 10 pages of negative comment about another. accessible and safe as possible. comments you come across one These opinion phrases can then be Many of the tasks we conduct on reviewer that is complaining about extracted and organized so that the the Web today used to be tasks the short length of the pants. If user can easily access relevant that required human physical you had been directed to this information. presence - whether it be buying a relevant review immediately you car or mailing a letter. Only a few would not have spent a large Conclusion years ago, conducting those tasks chunk of time reading through The Web is an extremely on the Web would have been far- irrelevant information. But how helpful and convenient tool for fetched. However, with the influx do you direct someone to relevant today's busy people. However, the of AI on the Web, the inherently information buried within the huge amount of information is impersonal Internet is becoming a multitude of reviews? The answer relatively useless if it cannot be more accurate representation of lies in AI technology. Researchers organized in logical ways. Just as a the offline experience. at the University of Washington library would be impossible to Computer Science and navigate if it had no order, the Engineering Department are Web without order would be an creating an opinion mining exercise in utter futility. With This article is the second system, called Opine. Opine looks artificial intelligence technology, in a series of articles for relationships between opinion however, a new, more useful Web covering the state of AI in and product features. This is will emerge. E-commerce and e- the 21st Century. Stay useful because within one review mail have become the standard tuned to PC AI for future there might be a positive comment rather than the exception so it is editions. for a certain features alongside a important to make them as

PC AI 27 19.1 TheThe NationalNational ScienceScience Foundation:Foundation: EncouragingEncouraging thethe ResearchersResearchers ofof TomTomorroworrow

ByBy ElisaElisa HicksHicks

Introduction that the ZOOM Web site, on how to incorporate resources The National Science launched in 1999, receives found on the ZOOM site into Foundation (NSF, www.nsf.gov) is 250,000 visitors with an average of their curriculum. a sponsor of a Public Broadcasting 20,000 emails each week, making Service (PBS) show called it one of the most popular web National Science “ZOOM” (http://pbskids.org/ sites for children ages 6-13. Foundation zoom/) produced by WGBH-TV The ZOOM Educational ZOOM is a product of one of Boston. Now in its 7th season, the Outreach team considers the input the tens of thousands of grants that show is based on the original series received weekly by viewers to the NSF has awarded since it was which aired in the 1970s, with a create a curriculum for each show created in 1950. NSF is an renewed emphasis on science. The to be aired. They also provide independent federal agency with a show is designed to inspire information parents and teachers goal of encouraging research in children between the ages of 5 and can employ to inspire children to many fields such as computer 11 to explore, experiment, and probe the areas of science, math science, engineering, mathematics, design – and to spark an interest in and engineering. They created a biology, astronomy, geology, how robots can be programmed six-week after-school program, zoology, social sciences, and and why the laws of physics allow ClubZOOM Engineering, statistical science by issuing grants bottle rockets to fly, along with designed to inspire children ages 8 to fund research proposals. They jokes, games, recipes and – 10. Five engineering activities, award approximately 10,000 new discussions. I watch ZOOM such as creating a hovercraft, allow awards each year, with an average almost every day, not with an 11 them to think like an engineer. A interval of three years. Proposals year old, but my four year old resource page at http://pbskids.org are merit-reviewed and granted to daughter who is fascinated by the /zoom/grownups/scitraining/res_inde research centers as well as experiments and wants to try them x.html? contains hundreds of individuals. They also provide all out immediately, which proves science activities, topics, training expensive equipment needed for their goal of “turn off the TV and tools and links for connecting experimentation which an do it!” is working quite well. They them to the fields of engineering individual or group could not ask viewers to try out variations of and math. The Outreach team also afford, such as giant optical their own experiments and send in provides workshops to teachers, telescopes, ocean research ships, the results. The statistics claim after-school directors and engineers ultra-high-speed connections etc.

PC AI 28 19.1 organizations, agencies, labs, Engineering Technical Society educational resources and (JETS) page http://www.jets.org/ technology-based information. See programs/ neas.cfm to see if the field Figure 1 below for links to the would be a good fit. The academic various areas of interest. assessment covers subject areas One such site is the ASEE critical to engineering and Engineering K12 Center (http:// technology and the ability of the www.engineering k12.org/), which student to apply knowledge to an is designed to encourage students unknown situation, rather than and teachers to explore the fields simply memorized facts. of engineering and technology. Another link from the NSF The site explores in depth the site, http://www.nsf.gov/news various types of engineering, what /now_showing/index.jsp, lists Resources it takes to become an engineer, available educational films, As they state on their web site employment resources, tips for television, museum exhibits and (http://www.nsf.gov/about/ locating schools, along with games resources. Classroom FeederWatch glance.jsp), a crucial component of and links to inspire excitement in (http://www.birds.cornell.edu/cfw/ho the NSF’s mission is to encourage the field. By listing education me.html) is designed for students in and support science and outreach programs they hope to grades 5-8 to learn how scientists engineering education from pre-K encourage students to investigate work and to become scientists through graduate school. Their the world of engineering by themselves. It was developed by the goals to promote science are best meeting with university students Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, maintained by bringing along a new to explore the fields that are open with funding by the NSF, to show generation excited about the to them. They include Summer how science and other disciplines possibilities, who want to be a part Youth Programs and workshops work together. Children participate of cutting edge research to create available across the country. They in the annual feeder-bird survey new inventions, solve age-old have also created a 64-page guide conducted by ornithologists at the conundrums, and explore new titled Engineering, Go For It! for Lab. Other PBS programs include areas. Along with sponsoring grants high school students to explore Dragonfly TV (http://pbskids.org/ for educators and programs such as how engineering fits into their dragonflytv/), a series produced by ZOOM, the NSF site has a lives and opportunities for them to Twin Cities Public Television, Classroom Resource section found work in the field. A sample of the where middle school kids perform at http://www.nsf.gov/ National Engineering Aptitude experiments, play online science news/classroom/ which is a Search+ (NEAS+) test is listed games, and take part in nationwide collaboration of information from with the link to the full self- science experiments. Cyberchase universities, museums, assessment found on the Junior (http:// pbskids.org /cyberchase/), a

NSF Classroom Resources by Research Area: Arctic & Antarctic www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/arcticantarctic.jsp Astronomy & Space www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/astronomy.jsp Biology www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/biology.jsp Chemistry & Materials www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/chemistry.jsp Computing www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/computing.jsp Earth & Environment www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/earth-environ.jsp Education www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/education.jsp Engineering www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/engineering.jsp Mathematics www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/mathematics.jsp Nanoscience www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/nano.jsp People & Society www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/people.jsp Physics www.nsf.gov/news/classroom/physics.jsp

PC AI 29 19.1 cartoon produced by Conclusion a circuit!” I am excited (and Thirteen/WNET, teaches The NSF and their partners amazed) when she tells me that the mathematics and problem solving are trying to bring the abstract pattern in the wallpaper is a to 8-12 year olds. The viewing world of technology to the tessellation. I am grateful for the audience of close to 5 million each everyday lives of children to spark NSF and the creators of programs week explores math in everyday an interest that will carry over to and curriculum that want to situations. their career choices in the future. encourage her, and all children, to The NSF also strives to Our technological advancements use their skills and get excited encourage women and minorities have been created by people with about technology. who have been underrepresented vision for the future – a desire to in the science and technology create machines with intelligence fields. Under the Division of that can interact with humans. References: Human Resource Development, Artificial Intelligence is so © 2004 WGBH Educational 84 grants have been assigned since pervasive today we take for granted Foundation. All rights reserved. 2003 in the area of Research on what technology lies beneath the ZOOM and the ZOOM Gender in Science and products we use on a daily basis. composite words and related Engineering. Some focus on The NSF, along with many other indicia are trademarks of the encouraging elementary school resources, are working to WGBH Educational Foundation. children to explore the fields of encourage future generations to Used with permission. ZOOM is science while others work on continue along the path to develop produced by WGBH Boston. improving acceptance of women cutting edge applications, conduct Funding for ZOOM is provided in the roles that have previously research and create new by the National Science been held by a majority of men. technologies to assist our everyday Foundation, the Corporation for See sidebar below for resources to lives. Public Broadcasting, The Arthur encourage women in the I am thrilled when my four Vining Davis Foundations and technology fields. year old says “Mommy, let’s make public television viewers. Women and Technology Several web sites are available to encourage women and girls in the areas of mathematics and science. Anita Borg Institute for Women and Technology www.anitaborg.org/ Association for Women in Computing www.awc-hq.org/ AWE: Assessing Women in Engineering www.engr.psu.edu/awe/ Binary Girl www.binarygirl.com/ BrainCake www.braincake.org/default.aspx for middle school girls sponsored by Girls, Math & Science Partnership The Center for Women & Information Technology www.umbc.edu/cwit/ Educational CyberPlayGround www.edu-cyberpg.com/Teachers/womenminoritiestech.html GirlGeeks.org www.girlgeeks.org/ Girls Go Tech www.girlsgotech.org/ GIT Girls in Technology www.girlsintechnology.org/index.cfm Mathematics & Science Programs for Girls www.nea.org/webresources/mathsciencegirlslinks.html Found in the National Education Association Web Resources section this site lists multiple sites available to encourage women in the fields of technology including: Association for Women in Mathematics www.awm-math.org/ Association for Women in Science www.awis.org/ EQUALS www.lhs.berkeley.edu/equals/EQhomeFrm.htm Engineer Girl www.engineergirl.org/nae/cwe/egmain.nsf/?OpenDatabase Girls Start www.girlstart.org/ Sally Ride Science Club www.sallyrideclub.com/member_home.do Nerd girls http://nerdgirls.eecs.tufts.edu/ Engineering group at Tufts University Systers Online Community www.systers.org/ for women in computer systems Women in Technology www.womenintechnology.org/ Women in Technology International www.witi.com/ PC AI 30 19.1 RobotsRobots ThatThat MimicMimic AnimalsAnimals

By Rob Costi In the quest to create human- cockroaches are a much-maligned recognition. The Insbot has like robots, researchers have often insect often smashed with a fly several touch and infrared sensors turned their attention to the swatter and flushed down the that tell it what is going on in the animal world. Making a robot that toilet. But, as with any robotics or roach population around it. It also emulates the behavior of a squid, AI project, what may initially seem has the ability to secrete for example, is a much more silly actually provides valuable and pheromone-like chemicals to fool feasible task than creating a robot easily observable insight into the the real roaches into thinking it is that thinks and behaves like a technology. In this case, the one of their own. The researchers human. While it may initially seem researchers wanted to see if the tested the robot and live like a waste of time to create a Insbot could successfully mimic cockroaches in an area with both robot that mimics a cockroach or the behaviors of a a lobster, the insight gained from roach and fool real such endeavors is invaluable to the roaches into advancement of robotics science. thinking it was one In this installment of the Robotics of their own. column, we discuss some of these Insbot doesn't really animal robots and their current look like any applications as well as how they roaches I've seen. It contribute to the future of looks like a little robotics. box on wheels. However, unlike This Robot's Buggin' Me humans, many In an effort to show how robots insects don't rely so can interact with living things, much on their researchers at the Swiss Federal vision to identify Institute of Technology have things in their created a tiny robot called Insbot surroundings. Often The InsBot robot is designed to imitate cockroaches. Funny, there doesn’t appear to be a that acts just like a cockroach. At times, they rely more family resemblance. first glance, this seems like a on sounds and Image Source: http://128.178.145.145/behavior.htm slightly silly thing to do - after all, smells for

PC AI 31 19.1 light and dark regions. Cockroaches instinctively prefer the dark regions, however Insbot was able to aggregate with them and draw them out into the light region. In other words, the real roaches thought Insbot was also a roach and followed its lead, a la the Pied Piper of Hamlin. Insbot research could reveal new information about the aggregation behavior of cockroaches while proving that robots need not stick out like a sore thumb when mixed with living things. http://128.178.145.145/insbot_0-3.htm

Seafaring Robot When we think of living organisms under the sea, we often think about fluidity of movement. For the organisms that do move, they don't move around The Public Anemone at MIT. This robot was designed with jerky motions. Sudden motions may alert using the sea anemone as a model. It is highly flexible predators to their location and are often flat-out and moves smoothly while accomplishing its tasks. infeasible in a water environment. For most people, Image Source: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/ this kind of fluid motion isn't the first thing that technology/2226327.stm comes to mind when you think of a robot. However, They are actually animals that eat other sea creatures recent advances in robotics technology have allowed and are capable of slow movements. The MIT robots to move smoothly. Researchers at MIT are version, called the Public Anemone, mimics the sea using these technologies to create a robotic model of anemone motion and sensitivity. It is comprised of a a sea anemone that illustrates the flexibility and grace flexible backbone surrounded by fiber optic cables. of that organism. The whole thing is covered in a silicon rubber sheath Natural sea anemones look like colorful that allows smooth motion. The Public Anemone underwater flowers. However, they are not plant-life. responds to touch, light, and motion stimuli. This

PC AI 32 19.1 anemone robot has certain programmed tasks to complete. However, it is also programmed to interact with visitors. The robot decides whether it should continue its "chores" or focus its attention on the visitor. If it decides to pay attention to the visitor, it will follow their motions or it might recoil if it perceives a threatening interaction. As such, every interaction is different, just like it would be in real life. Like the cockroach robot, The Public Anemone reveals how robots are increasingly capable of imitating The prototype model of the DARPA robotic lobster. The completed live organisms and how they can robot could be used in military applications to seek out underwater learn to interact with humans. mines and provide surveillance capabilities while fooling onlookers into thinking it is a simple lobster. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology Image Source: http://www.neurotechnology.neu.edu/cheesecake.html /2226327.stm act as a Mars rover. Its many legs minesweeper without closer This is One Lobster That's would allow it to climb up slopes inspection. Just as real lobsters use Not Going in Your Clambake with ease, thus making more of sensors on their antennae and With its eight legs, lobsters are the planet accessible to exploration claws to learn about their able to traverse a variety of efforts. environment, the robot lobster has terrains under the sea and on the The Defense Advanced sensors on its front portion that beach. The stability and traction Research Projects Agency send signals to the limbs in order displayed in many-legged creatures (DARPA) has also climbed on the to stimulate proper movement. So, has inspired robotic designers to leggy robot bandwagon by the next time you're in a fancy rethink the typical wheel or track creating a robotic lobster. DARPA restaurant, be sure to observe the method of locomotion. For intends for the robot lobster to lobster tank very closely before instance, NASA is working on a scour the sea floor or river making a decision on dinner - robot called Scorpion designed to bottoms in search of mines or you wouldn't want to other dangerous accidentally select a DARPA devices. Though lobster. modifications www.engadget.com/entry/0905792 still need to be 823523224 made in order to create a robot to Curiosity Killed the . . . carry out those Aibo? missions, the Curiosity is a trait that most DARPA animals share - including researchers have humans. That curiosity serves created a an important purpose - it helps prototype model. animals learn about their It is 18 inches environments and discover long and is truly what they should do and when designed to look they should do it. Robots, like a lobster. however, for the most part are In the Aibo Playground Project the curious Aibo This is so that already programmed with all puppies learned to interact with toys and other Aibo anyone observing they need to know so there is dogs. would not no need for curiosity. But, if Image Source: http://www.newscientist.com/ recognize it as a robotics researchers ever want article.ns?id=dn7561

PCAI 33 19.1 to fully emulate the human programming the new dogs called the Aibo Playground experience, curiosity is a very with two different software Project. In that test, the robots important factor. control systems. One controls were placed in a playpen filled The Aibo dog is a robotic behavior while predicting how with toys and other Aibo dogs. dog developed by Sony. It is those behaviors will affect Consistent with a real puppy's designed to interact with its their environment. The other curiosity, the Aibo puppies owner in much the same way a discovers how accurate those began by simply learning about real dog would. The Aibo predictions were and uses that their own movement responds to touch and voice as a basis for future capabilities. Over time, they commands and can learn to do motivation. These two systems started playing with the toys tricks. However, the Aibo dog combined motivate the Aibo and barking at other nearby lacks a sense of curiosity. puppy to seek out those Aibo dogs. These seemingly Traditional Aibo dogs learn situations with the most simple activities may prove primarily through human learning potential - situations extremely helpful to commands and input rather about which it can make the researchers in discovering how than through an innate sense most predictions. Like real to make other systems more of curiosity. Researchers in the puppies, or even small adaptive and flexible. Sony R&D lab in Paris are children, the Aibo puppies like www.newscientist.com looking to remedy that by to participate in activities /article.ns?id=dn7561 creating an Aibo puppy that where they are successful. The desires to learn about its own researchers tested the new Conclusion world. They achieved this by Aibo puppies in an experiment The living world has always been an inspiration for robotics researchers. After all, the goal of robotics is to create mechanical devices that behave like living things. The above creations may seem unimpressive to the average person - what real purpose could a roach robot serve? However, people who follow robotics and AI closely know that huge advances don't come overnight. Large advances in technology come from cobbling together years of experience and experiments and borrowing ideas and tricks that proved successful in the past. The concepts behind these animal-inspired robots are innovative and inspiring. Borrowing their design from nature allows these creations to behave in a natural manner which is a step in the direction of truly autonomous robots.

PCAI 34 19.1 KnowKnow Your Your AI-Q AI-Q

Welcome to PC AI’s feature that allows you to test your AI-Q. This is the next in a series of crossword puzzles on the various technical categories of AI. Future puzzle topics will include robotics, LISP, AI languages, expert systems, agents and many more. The answers will appear in the next issue.

This issue’s subject is Robotics and Speech Recognition.

PC AI 35 19.1 AI - Q

Across

1 In speech recognition technology, the words that are accepted and understood by the application. 5 The term for a robot arm that has at least three joints 6 A test for determing the intelligence of a machine. 10 Technology that identifies people based on physical characteristics 12 A common household cleaning device that has recently been a focus for robotics in the home. 16 Part of a circuit that stores electrical energy. 17 Speaker ______: A technique of identifying someone based on the patterns in their voice. 19 A device that measures the speed of rotation. 22 An element of language pronunciation. 23 Term for a robot that is given human qualities. 24 How well a robot can move to a specified position 25 Governmental agency in the United States - often uses robotics technology in space exploration. 26 Term for something that operates without human supervision 29 The measure of how smoothly a robot can follow complex paths and instructions. 32 A method of bouncing sound waves against objects and using their echo to determine distances. 33 An instance where a mathematical function fails. 35 effector (hyphenated) The part of a robot that accomplishes tasks. For example, it may hold a tool. 37 A complete set of movements or actions in a robotic program. 38 Automatically selecting a path to connect a beginning and an end point. 41 A device that changes chemical energy into electrical energy. It is

PC AI 36 19.1 often used to power robots. 8 The light given off by an object after it 42 A robot that looks and acts like a has light shone on it. human. 9 Name for a robot that consists of a 43 Author and biochemist known for his single line of joints and connectors. science fiction writings. 11 The study of forces that keep things 44 Name of the yearly event held by from moving. DARPA that allows researchers to 13 Sony's robotic dog prove their autonomous vehicles. 14 ______criteria: A means of 45 A series of calculations or procedures measuring the effectiveness of robot that often dictate robot behavior operation. 46 Planet in our solar system - it is a 15 A signal sent from a robot that focus for robotic exploration indicates to the computer the real conditions in the experiment (rather Down than the theoretical conditions). 2 Device that converts various types of 18 The ability of an application to energy into robotic motion. function when its size is changed. 3 Medical task for which there is a 20 ______recognition: technology robotic system in development. that allows computers to understand 4 Rotating motor. speech. 7 The maximum load a robot can carry 21 (three words) The term for a robot that or handle. picks up objects from one location and puts them down elsewhere. 27 Month when the 2005 event in 44 Across will be held 28 A wheel with teeth on the outside. 30 ______motion: A term for motion that occurs in a circle around an axis. 31 Refers to technology that mimics natural lifeforms or processes. 34 The study of motion 36 Spoken words, sentences, and phrases that detail the progress of a voice application. 39 Degree of ______: An axis around which something can turn or move. 40 The "G" in GPS - a system that provides location details based on satellite data.

PC AI 37 19.1 Solution to 18.6 AI-Q Crossword Puzzle

The topic of this puzzle was Natural Language Processing

Do not miss next issue’s puzzle and again test your AI-Q.

The solution Volume 19.1’s puzzle will appear in the next issue.

PCAI 38 19.1 AA II andand thethe NetNet Increasing Medical Knowledge

A Program that Solves Crossword Puzzles

Playing Games

Agents Replacing Stockbrokers

and more Increasing Medical facts and methods and as such you by Ilana Marks Knowledge have the knowledge of how to Simple facts and observations add. The same idea is true with right connections are made. It's are not useful unless they are medical data. Millions of hospitals sort of like putting together a connected in such a way as to and clinics across the world keep jigsaw puzzle - a picture emerges if create knowledge. For instance, if patient records with plenty of the pieces are put together your elementary school math facts in them. However, to truly correctly. teacher simply taught you that 2+2 gain medical knowledge, one must Scientists at Harvard = 4, you would likely not be able look through those records in University hope to expose this to add today. Luckily, that teacher order to find useful connections valuable information. In the past, taught you that the same addition and correlations. Potential disease medical connections were made by method applies to other types of cures and medical advances are conducting independent studies problems. Suddenly, that one little hidden within these mounds of where participants were fact is incorporated with other data and will appear if only the volunteers. Of course, those types

Connecting the information in medical records with similarities in DNA data is crucial to finding correlations that may be useful in treatment of patients. Image Sources: http://www.microbe.org/espanol/news/human_genome.asp and http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/caer/cea/publications/clipart/clipart13.htm

PC AI 39 19.1 of studies are difficult to organize Order Volume 16 and execute. Therefore, the Visit the PC AI Harvard scientists have developed Store on CD a program called I2B2, or 6 Issues plus a Informatics for Integrating bonus issue Biology and the Bedside. This program integrates artificial intelligence to crawl through Volume 17 and 18 medical records from selected Also Available hospitals. In late 2004, the researchers began the project www.pcai.com/store looking for data on genetic predisposition to severe asthma. not common practice to do DNA can automatically analyze patient The system uses techniques such tests when a patient enters the records alongside DNA test as natural language processing to hospital - therefore, I2B2 scientists results. analyze patient files looking for need to get permission from the http://www.boston.com/news/nation/a reasons why a person was patients in the database to obtain rticles/2005/07/03/harvard_project_t hospitalized and what things blood or other DNA samples. o_scan_millions_of_medical_files/ might have triggered the attacks. They hope to begin gathering this The asthma cases are being information later in 2005. Over compiled into a database for time, if the system proves to be A Program That Solves further study. Since their goal is to successful, hospitals may begin to Crossword Puzzles find genetic causes for asthma, the alter their practices to include It's a tradition for many people researchers also need DNA automatically taking DNA samples - they pick up the newspaper, blow information on these patients. It is upon admission so that the system right by the news of the day and

The WebCrow crossword puzzle solving program uses web searches, rule-based analysis, and a crossword puzzle database in order to fill in crossword puzzles. Image source: http://webcrow.dii.unisi.it/webpage/pres_eng.swf

PC AI 40 19.1 head straight for that little grid answers for each clue. The college student. with clues toward the back of the Web search aspect allows the http://www.newscientist.com/articl paper. Completing crossword system to find answers to e.ns?id=mg18725075.500&print puzzles is an amusing way to pass simple clues. For more =true or the time while expanding complicated clues involving http://webcrow.dii.unisi.it/webpage/ind vocabulary and knowledge. Of crossword tricks and figures of ex.html course, nowadays the Web makes speech, the rule-based analysis it easy to research the answers to capabilities help the system clues that elude you. That way, you decipher the clues. The Playing Games to Improve not only help yourself on the database aspect stores clues the AI Mind current puzzle, you also have and answers in case a related Many of us played taught yourself a valuable new fact clue appears in the future. numerous board games when that may reappear in future Once the lists are created, the we were younger. In every crosswords. system tries to fit them into game box opened, on top of Researchers at the University the puzzle. This is largely a the folded game board is that of Siena in Italy applied this trial and error process, just as sheet of paper entitled "rules." technique to a crossword solving it is with a human puzzle In order to play and win the program they created. The solver. The system does game, players must have a full program, called WebCrow, solves struggle with some of the understanding of these rules. crossword puzzles in a variety of more difficult crossword Learning the rules to one game languages all by itself. It uses a puzzle tricks and very open- is not enough, however. After three-pronged approach involving ended clues, however, with all, reading the entire set of Web search, rule based analysis, more training the system rules of your Chinese Checkers and a crossword database. The should improve. It is already game is not going to help you system takes the clues and better at solving puzzles than be a winner at Backgammon. A compiles a list of possible the average undergraduate true test of intelligence is how

PCAI 41 19.1 well a player is able to adapt to the different rules in different games. Therefore, game playing is a useful way to test the abilities of artificial intelligence programs. Stanford University offers a class on general game playing (GGP) in which students create software programs that learn to play a variety of games with different rules. Just like with humans, it is possible for computers to "over-think" the rules, as evidenced by the fact that the most successful programs were also the simplest. While game- playing may seem like a silly endeavor for powerful computers and AI technology, in reality programs that can successfully play many games Playing board games is a valuable method of testing AI programs by would also be useful in any determining whether they are able to adapt to the changing rules of situation where adaptation is different games. crucial. Teaching computers to Image Source: http://www.gamecolony.com/images/bk_board.jpg play games serves much the

PCAI 42 19.1 same purpose as teaching children to play games - rules in games are parallels to rules in real life: if you learn early to understand and interpret game rules, you are much more likely to be able to handle the instructions in everyday activities. http://news- service.stanford.edu/news/2005/july13/gamessr -071305.html

Agents Replacing Stockbrokers Investing in the stock market is an endeavor that requires strategy and insider knowledge in order to end up with a profitable result. The job of the stockbroker is to advise people on their stock options and offer suggestions on how to manage a portfolio. However, since stockbrokers are only human, they are bound to make mistakes occasionally and aren't always able to respond quickly to a changing market. Lately, though, online stock trading has become a very popular and efficient option. Therefore, it seems natural that computerized stockbrokers should be the next innovation on the horizon. Agent technology provides the foundation for these computerized brokers. Some of these agents are powered by an algorithm called Zero Intelligence Plus, or Zip. The Zip algorithm is designed to function in the continuous double auctions trading model. This model involves stepped, rather than smooth, supply and demand curves, and is the basis for most trading activities. The Zip algorithm uses machine learning techniques to learn from past trades in order to keep as current as possible and make quick and accurate decisions under market pressures. These trading agents don't make recommendations on stocks, however. In other words, it won't tell you to buy stock in Company X and sell your stocks in Company Y. That is still the realm of the human stockholders or brokers. But, once the decision to buy or sell is made, the agent can facilitate the trading in the most efficient manner. The Zip agent can also be used by financial institutions to model and monitor the markets in order to seek out patterns and

PCAI 43 19.1 worldwide colleagues have of processes and it can be Order Back Issues, developed a new computer reused. The International language that is better able to Organization for Subscriptions, understand what a particular Standardization is still command means. The process reviewing the language, but and PC AI Volume specification language, once they approve it, the specifically ISO 18629 PSL, language will be available to 16, 17 and 18 CDs represents commands within a vendors who want to integrate particular process. The the language into their at challenge is that processes software. include many steps that may http://informationweek.com/story www.pcai.com/store use different terms. The variety /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=164 of terms used may be 902525 make better decisions. confusing to a typical software http://news.ft.com/cms/s/6c259ef program. However, the PSL c-f2be-11d9-8094- system is able to 00000e2511c8,dwp_uuid=fb0d80f understand and Looking for those technical 4-2663-11d8-81c6- distinguish articles you missed in any of 0820abe49a01.html different terms used at different our previous years -- New Computer Language times. PSL can Visit at www.pcai.com be integrated PC AI Researchers at the National and search through 19 years of Institute of Standards and into many Technology along with different types back issues.

PCAI 44 19.1 THETHE BOOKBOOK ZONEZONE Clustering for Data Mining Applications of Agent Technology in Traffic and Transportation UML 2 and the Unified Process Decomposition Methodology for Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Computer-Aided Intelligent Recognition Techniques and Applications Ontology Learning from Text Information Processing and Security Systems Advances in Mining, Graphs, Trees and Sequences By Ilana Marks Clustering for Data Approaches technologies are likely to become even Mining: A Data Recovery 7. General Issues more important to the transportation Approach by Boris Mirkin Conclusion: Data Recovery system. The book also details current This book presents classical Approach in Clustering research that seeks to model and clustering methods but extends Bibliography understand facets of the transportation them to modern data mining industry. tasks with an emphasis on data Clustering for Data Mining: A recovery. It provides examples for Data Recovery Approach by Boris Table of Contents all stages of the clustering Mirkin, Chapman & Hall/CRC, 1. Editorial process. The book covers two April 25, 2005, ISBN: 2. Agent-Based Approaches to method of data clustering - K- 1584885343, Pages: 266. Means and Ward clustering. It extends these methods to current For more info: data mining issues and presents http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_c instructions and tips in clear art/products/product_detail.asp?id= language which makes the book &parent_id=1158&sku=C5343&p practical for people looking to c= develop real-world data mining solutions. Applications of Agent Table of Contents: Technology in Traffic and Introduction: Historical Transportation edited by Remarks Franziska Klügl, Ana Bazzan and 1. What is Clustering Sascha Ossowski 2. What is Data This book presents applications of 3. K-Means Clustering agent technology and distributed AI in 4. Ward Hierarchical Clustering various transportation systems. With 5. Data Recovery Models an increasing need for user-friendly 6. Different Clustering transportation systems such

PC AI 45 19.1 Transport Logistics presenting UML as 3. Provisional Agreement Protocol for Global a blueprint. In Transportation Scheduling other words, the 4. An Adaptive Approach to Dynamic Transport UML models a Optimization system in great 5. Designing Multiagent Decision Support Systems for detail which Traffic Management requires the use of 6. SCATEAgent: Context-Aware Software Agents for available modeling Multi-Modal Travel tools. An 7. Avoiding the Braesss Paradox with Information accompanying Manipulation website is available 8. Analysis of the Effect of Route Information Sharing on providing examples Reduction of Traffic Congestion and open source 9. A Text Bed for Multi-Agent Control Systems in Road tools. Traffic Management 10. Collaborative Driving System Using Teamwork for Table of Contents: Platoon Formations Preface 11. Computation of Location Choice of Secondary Chapter 1: What is Activities in Transportation Models with Cooperative the UML? Agents Chapter 2: What is the Unified Process? 12. Multi Agent System Simulation for the Generation of Chapter 3: The Requirements Workflow Individual Activity Programs Chapter 4: Use Case Modeling 13. A Dynamic Chapter 5: Advanced Use Case Modeling Network Chapter 6: The Analysis Workflow Simulation Model Chapter 7: Objects and Classes Based on Multi- Chapter 8: Finding Analysis Classes Agent Systems Chapter 9: What is a Relationship? 14. A Message-Based Chapter 10: Inheritance and Polymorphism Framework for Chapter 11: Analysis Packages Real-World Chapter 12: Use Case Realization Mobility Chapter 13: Advanced Use Case Realization Simulations Chapter 14: Activity Diagrams Chapter 15: Advanced Activity Diagrams Applications of Agent Chapter 16: The Design Workflow Technology in Traffic Chapter 17: Design Classes and Transportation Chapter 18: Refining Analysis Relationships edited by Franziska Chapter 19: Interfaces and Components Klügl, Ana Bazzan and Chapter 20: Use Case Realization - Design Sascha Ossowski, Chapter 21: State Machines Springer, 2005, ISBN: Chapter 22: Advanced State Machines 3-7643-7258-3, Pages: Chapter 23: The Implementation Workflow 209. Chapter 24: Deployment Chapter 25: Introduction to OCL For more info: Appendix 1: Example Use Case Model http://www.springeronline.com/sgw/cda/frontpage/0,11855,4- Appendix 2: XML and Use Cases 40109-22-46811288-0,00.html Bibliography

UML 2 and the Unified Process: Practical Object-Oriented UML 2 and the Unified Process: Practical Analysis and Design, 2nd Edition by Jim Arlow and Ila Object-Oriented Analysis and Design, Neustadt, Addison Wesley Professional, June 2005, 2nd Edition by Jim Arlow and Ila ISBN: 0321321278, Pages: 624. Neustadt This book is designed to guide the reader through For more info: object-oriented analysis and design implementing the http://www.awprofessional.com/title/0321321278# Unified Modeling Language, or UML. The book Visit the PC AI Store presents enough background information and techniques so that the reader can apply the modeling at techniques to a real world application. It focuses on www.pcai.com/store

PC AI 46 19.1 Decomposition Methodology for Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: Theory and Applications by Oded Maimon and Lior Rokach This book gives an introduction to data mining and knowledge discovery with an emphasis on decomposition methods for simplifying the data mining task. Decomposing large data mining problems into smaller, more manageable pieces, allows for increased performance and speed as well as greater accuracy. It also makes it possible to apply data mining to huge databases that may previously have been too large for common data mining tools.

Table of Contents: 1. Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: Concepts and Fundamental Aspects 2. Decision Trees 3. Clustering Methods 4. Ensemble Methods 5. Elementary Decomposition Framework 6. Feature Set Decomposition 7. Space Decomposition 8. Sample Decomposition 9. Function Decomposition 10. Concept Aggregation 11. A Meta-Classification for Decomposition Methodology

Decomposition Methodology for Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining: Theory and Applications by Oded Maimon and Lior Rokach, World Scientific Publishing Company, May 2005, ISBN: 981-256- 079-3, Pages: 344.

For more info: http://www.worldscibooks.com/compsci/5686.html

Computer-Aided Intelligent Recognition Techniques and Applications edited by Dr. Muhammad Sarfraz This book presents recent research and development

PC AI 47 19.1 in the field of intelligent Approach recognition methods. These Chapter 5: Prototype-based methods are used in technologies Handwriting Recognition such as medical imaging, using Shape and Execution computer vision, robotics and Prototypes more. The book presents Chapter 6: Logo Detection in information in a variety of Document Images with disciplines including image Complex Backgrounds processing, neural networks, Chapter 7: An Intelligent On-line fuzzy logic, databases and Signature Verification System evolutionary algorithms. All Chapter 8: Hybrid Fingerprint theories presented in the book are Recognition using Minutiae illustrated using real-world and Shape examples. Chapter 10: Personal Authentication Using the Table of Contents: Fusion of Multiple Palm-print Chapter 1: On Offline Arabic Features Character Recognition Chapter 11: Intelligent Iris Chapter 2: License Plate Recognition Using Neural Recognition System: Saudi Networks Arabian Case Chapter 12: Pose Invariant Face Chapter 3: Algorithms for Recognition using Subspaces in Speech Recognition Extracting Textual Characters Techniques Chapter 19: Improving Mine in Color Video Chapter 13: Developmental Recognition through Chapter 4: Separation of Vision: Adaptive Recognition Processing and Dempster- Handwritten Touching of Human Faces by Shafer Fusion of Digits: A Multi-Agents Humanoid Robots Multisensor Data Chapter 14: Chapter 20: Fast Object Empirical Recognition Using Dynamic Study on Programming from Appearance- Combination of Salient Line based Binary Groups Age Chapter 21: Holo-Extraction and Classification Intelligent Recognition of Chapter 16: Digital Curves Scanned from Intelligent Paper Drawings Recognition in Chapter 22: Topological Medical Segmentation and Smoothing Pattern of Discrete Curve Skeletons Understanding Chapter 23: Applications of and Cognitive Clifford Valued Neural Analysis Networks to Pattern Chapter 17: The Classification and Pose Road Map for Estimation Recognizing Chapter 24: Intelligent Regions of Recognition: Components Interest in of the Short Time Fourier Medical Transform vs. Conventional Images Approaches Chapter 18: Chapter 25: Conceptual Data Feature Classification: Application for Extraction and Knowledge Extraction Compression Chapter 26: Cryptographic with Communications With Discriminative Chaotic Semiconductor Lasers and Nonlinear Classifiers and Computer-Aided Intelligent Applications Recognition Techniques and Applications edited by Dr.

PC AI 48 19.1 Muhammad Sarfraz, John Wiley & Sons, July 8, 2005, ISBN: 0-470-09414-1, Pages: 518.

For more info: http://www.wiley.com/ WileyCDA/WileyTitle/product Cd-0470094141,descCd- description.html

Ontology Learning from Text: Methods, Evaluation and Applications by P. Buitelaar, P. Cimiano and B. Magnini This book presents current research in ontology learning from three perspectives: methodology, evaluation, and application. Methodology includes proposed techniques to organize knowledge. Evaluation involves testing and refining procedures. Application involves applying the evaluated methodologies to real-world concerns such as bioinformatics. Accordingly, the book is divided into three sections to address these perspectives. Each section includes a selection of papers. Learning Table of Contents: 4. Learning Taxonomic Relations from Section I: Introcution Heterogeneous Sources of Evidence 1. Ontology Learning from Text: An Overview Section III: Evaluation Section II: Methods 1. An Evaluation Framework for Ontology 1. An Information Enrichment Theoretic 2. Evaluation of OntoLearn, a Methodology for Approach to Automatic Learning of Domain Ontologies Taxonomy 3. A Task-Based Framework for Ontology Extraction for Learning, Population and Evaluation Ontology Section IV: Applications Learning 1. Learning Web Service Ontologies: An 2. Un- Automatic Extraction Method and Its Evaluation supervised Text 2. Exploiting Technical Terminology for Knowledge Mining for the Management Learning of 3. Ontology and Information Extraction: A DOGMA- Necessary Symbiosis inspired Ontologies Ontology Learning from Text: Methods, Evaluation 3. A Study on and Applications by P. Buitelaar, P. Cimiano and B. Automated Magnini, IOS Press, July 2005, ISBN: 1-58603- Labelling in 523-1, Pages: 180. Ontology For more info: http://www.iospress.nl/

PCAI 49 19.1 /cda/frontpage/0,11855,4-40109- 4. Graph-based Relational 22-51202590-0,00.html Learning with Application to Security 5. Detecting Irrelevant Subtrees to Improve Probabilistic Learning from Tree-structured Data 6. Constructing a Decision Tree for Graph-Structured Data and its Applications 7. Frequent Subtree Mining - An Overview 8. Graph Mining Approaches for the Discovery of WebCommunities

Advances in Mining Graphs, Trees and Sequences edited by L. De Raedt, T. Washio and Information Processing J.N. Kok, IOS Press, June and Security Systems 2005, ISBN: 1-58603-528-2, Pages: 220. edited by Khalid Saeed and Advances in Mining Jerzy Pejas Graphs, Trees and This book compiles 40 papers For more info: Sequences edited by L. De http://www.iospress.nl/ from a conference on advanced Raedt, T. Washio and J.N. Kok computer systems and computer information systems and Due to the limitations of industrial management traditional attribute values and applications. These papers item set representations in represent the latest research and machine learning and data development in information mining, researchers have sought Order PC AI processing and its applications to new ways to represent data in AI, biometrics and information order to apply it to practical Volume 16, 17 and technology security. The book applications in chemistry, 18 CDs: includes contributions detailing biology, text mining, etc. This has computational methods, triggered a lot of research on algorithms and applications, mining and learning within Volume 16 CD includes 6 computational science, education computational logic, relational issues plus a special and industrial management algebra, graphs, trees and applications. sequences. These methods are bonus issue - 15.6: AI to more expressive, more efficient Combat Terrorism Table of Contents: and are more easily understood. 1. Pattern Classification and This book collects recent studies Recognition on mining and learning within Volume 17 and 18 include 2. Computer Security and Safety graphs, trees and sequences from 6 issues 3. Computer Simulation researchers worldwide. 4. Artificial Intelligence and CDs include bonus Applications Table of Contents: 5. Industrial Management 1. A Dichotomic Search content including Algorithm for Mining and Information Processing and Learning in Domain-Specific videos and demos Security Systems edited by Khalid Logics Saeed and Jerzy Pejas, Springer, 2. Efficiently Mining Frequent Visit 2005, ISBN: 0-387-25091-3, Embedded Unordered Trees Pages: 476. 3. A General Framework for www.pcai.com/store Mining Frequent Subgraphs and order today For more info: from Labeled Graphs http://www.springeronline.com/sgw

PCAI 50 19.1 PCAI 51 19.1 The vendor’s address, phone number, e-mails, and URL are in a separate table after the product information table. Next issue: Case-Based Reasoning, OOD, Help Desk, AI Languages, Intelligent Web Applications, Agents

Contact PC AI for a submission form at [email protected] Buyer’s Guide Business Intelligence, Computational Intelligence, Data Mining, Intelligent Applications, Intelligent Tutoring Intelligent Web Searching, Robotics

Business Intelligence Product System Description Price Company Requirements @RISK Risk analysis add-in for Microsoft Excel. Uses Monte Carlo simulation to replace Windows 95 and above, Std -$595, Palisade Corp. estimated values in spreadsheets with ranges of possible values. Delivers a distri- MS Excel 97 and above. Pro - bution of possible outcomes and the probability of each. Results can be inter- $795, Ind preted and presented using graphing capability and sensitivity analysis. Three versions: Standard, Professional, Industrial. Tutorials and free trial versions avail- -$1,495 able at www.palisade.com. @RISK for Risk analysis tool for Microsoft Project users. Monte Carlo simulation to Windows 98 and Std. - Project replaces uncertain values - such as costs, durations, and dates - in project plans above, MS Project $795 Palisade Corp. with ranges of possible values. Delivers a distribution of possible outcomes and 2000 and above. Pro- the probability of each. Forecast cost and delivery date. Two versions: Standard $1,295 and Professional. Online tutorial and free trial versions available. ARulesXL Turns Microsoft's Excel Spreadsheet into a development and testing tool to cre- Microsoft Excel 2002 $99 Pre- Amzi! inc. ate business rule applications. Integrates the rule engine directly with the spread- or later. Windows 98 Release sheet, allowing interaction between spreadsheet numerical analysis and rule- or later. Version based decision support. For applications with rule-based components, such as Special product pricing, loan approval, and employee benefits analysis. Download the free pre-release, evaluation version to work with automated decision support. Authorete Intelligent software interface enables organizations to streamline business Minimum 120 MB Contact The Haley process management using business rules. Use plain English to change business disk space and ODBC Vendor Enterprise application rules without changing the underlying source code. Allows analysts compliant data-base. to automate what they know about their business. Common Cross-platform system for automation and maintenance of business rules throughout MS Windows Contact Knowledge the application lifecycle. Comprising two parts, a rules engine and a graphical rules NT4/98/2000/XP, Vendor Object design studio, the system allows for the design, documentation, implementation, and Linux/Unix/Solaris. Connections maintainance of business rules and logic. The business rules contained in the rule- P II 166MHz+128 Australia Pty sets are language and platform-independent. Compatible with Delphi, MS .Net, C++, MB RAM, 25-50 MB Ltd. Java, VB, WSH, etc. disk, MS IE V4+ Decision Tools Adds a decision and risk analysis toolkit to Microsoft Excel. Provides Monte Windows 95 and $1,195, Suite Carlo simulation, genetic algorithm optimization, decision trees and sensitivity above, MS Excel 97 $1,495, or Palisade Corp. analysis. Standard, Professional, and Industrial Versions. Online tutorials and and above. $1,895 free trial versions are available. dtSearch Network Searches terabytes of word processor, database, spreadsheet, emails (with attach- MS Windows Contact with Spider ments), ZIP, XML, PDF, HTML, Unicode files and more in less than a second. Vendor dtSearch Corp. Over two dozen indexed, unindexed, fielded and full-text search options. Highlights hits in all files; for HTML, XML and PDF, while displaying links & images. Built-in Web Spider. See www.dtsearch.com for downloadable evaluations.

PC AI 52 19.1 Business Intelligence Product System Description Price Company Requirements dtSearch Publish Brings dtSearch's tools to CD/DVD publishing. Over a dozen indexed and MS Windows From dtSearch Corp. fielded data search options. Highlights hits in HTML, XML & PDF, while dis- $2,500 playing links and images. Converts "Office," ZIP, etc. files to HTML with highlighted hits. See www.dtsearch.com for downloadable evaluations. Evolver Optimization add-in for Microsoft Excel. Uses genetic algorithm technology Windows 95 and Std - $395 Palisade Corp. to solve optimization problems in finance, distribution, scheduling, resource above, MS Excel 97 Pro - $695 allocation, manufacturing, budgeting, and engineering. Standard, Professional, and above. Ind - $995 and Industrial Versions. Free trial versions and tutorial are available. Exsys CORVID Software and consulting services automate expert problem-solving knowledge pro- MS Windows (NT 4.0 $9,995+ ver 3.2 ducing systems that deliver advice and answers. Tools capture decision-making w/SP 3), MS Internet EXSYS, Inc. expertise processed by their proprietary Inference engine, to create an interactive Explorer 5, 75 MB Web-enabled session emulating a conversation with a human expert, producing rea- Free Disk Space, Min soned, user-specific recommendations. Decision-making knowledge is delivered to Screen Resolution: prospects, customers and employees providing answers to solve specific problems. 1024 x 768 with stan- Used across the enterprise for knowledge repositories, automated decision systems, dard fonts or 1156 x "smart" business process management and expertise access; from high-level regula- 864 with large fonts tory compliance, HR, customer support and sales - to everyday repair and maintenance. See demos and download 30-day evaluation copy at: www.exsys.com. ISYS:desktop 7 Newest version of ISYS Search Software's enterprise-class desktop and net- MS Windows, $570 single ISYS Search work search software. Windows client interface provides multiple query meth- TCP/IP stack present- user; con- Software ods, on-the-fly categorization, results grouping/clustering, a taskbar search ed through tact ven- window, taxonomy tools, and support for 140 file formats and 30 languages. WINSOCK v1.1 +. dor for Offers natural language processing (NLP) to field particularly advanced and/or 32 MB RAM required network complex queries. ISYS' proprietary NLP technology uses several variables to (recom 256 MB). 85 rates ascertain the context of a query to enhance the relevance in results sets. MB hard disk space. MetaCenter 3.1 Single window program for information systems environments that unlocks MS Windows Contact Data contextual and relational information stored in transactional, business intelli- /Linux/Unix Vendor Advantage Group gence, database, data integration, data quality and data modeling applications. Document and audit business requirements, rules and corporate standards. PrecisionTree Decision analysis add-in for Microsoft Excel. Build decision trees and influ- Windows 95 and Std - $495 Palisade Corp. ence diagrams in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Diagrams are created by above, MS Excel 97 Pro - $795 adding nodes with probabilities and pay-offs. Standard and Professional and above. Versions. Online tutorials and free trial versions are available. RISKOptimizer Simulation and optimization add-in for Microsoft Excel. Combines Monte Windows 95 and Std - $695 Palisade Corp. Carlo simulation engine with genetic algorithm technology to deliver optimiza- above, MS Excel 97 Pro - $995 tion capability for spreadsheet models that contain uncertain values. Standard and above. and Professional Versions. Free trial versions and online tutorial available. StatTools Statistics toolset for Microsoft Excel. Contains 36 statistical procedures and 5 Windows 95 and above, Std - $295 Palisade Corp. built-in data utilities. Automate routine reports and create custom procedures MS Excel 97 and above. Pro - $495 in VBA. Add forecasting, logistic regression, and quality control charts into Excel. Standard and Professional Versions. Online feature tour and free trial versions available. TradingSolutions Optimize trading decisions by combining technical analysis with artificial intel- Windows $995 for NeuroDimension ligence technologies. Use any combination of financial indicators in conjunc- 95/98/Me/NT4/2000 end-of-day, Inc. tion with neural networks and genetic algorithms to create trading models. /XP; 40MB Free $1,995 for Disk; 32MB RAM real-time VisiRule Graphical charting tool explores decision logic thru exectuable flow MS Windows Contact LPA charts.Generates Flex KSL code for embedding within larger processes. Vendor Join the Artificial Intelligence Discussion Group http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pcai/join or mail to:[email protected]

PC AI 53 19.1 Computational Intelligence Product System Description Price Company Requirements ACQUIRE® Build and deploy expert system applications stand-alone or on the web. Use MS Windows $1,995 Acquired the KnowledgeBase editor to capture and organize relevant knowledge with- Intelligence Inc. out gaps or inconsistencies, and the embedded Inference Engine to test rule- based applications. Use the Software Development Kit builds to build custom interfaces or to embed application in other software. Educational discounts available at [email protected]. Free evaluation at www.aiinc.ca. ARulesXL Turns Microsoft's Excel Spreadsheet into a development and testing tool to Microsoft Excel 2002 $99 Pre- Amzi! inc. create business rule applications. Integrates the rule engine directly with the or later. Windows 98 Release spreadsheet, allowing interaction between spreadsheet numerical analysis and or later. Version rule-based decision support. For applications with rule-based components, Special such as product pricing, loan approval, and employee benefits analysis. Download the free pre-release, evaluation version to work with automated decision support. BreakThrough Business improvement framework product/methodology for harnessing busi- Business Rule Contact AEM (Agile ness rule and process knowledge. Focuses on Business Rule Management and Management (BRM) Vendor Enterprise Business Process Management servers and repositories. Provides high level and/or Business Management) route map to structure business transformation/business process re-engineer- Process Management RuleSphere ing program. (BPM) servers / International, repositories Inc. Knowledge Science Computerized hyperlinked encyclopedia with manual and associated writings, PC, Macintosh, or $40 1.2 Program and built on cognitive, chaos theory, AI, biology, physics, etc. Re-released hyper- PDA with Windows Manual text PC program downloadable from www.newmediapublishing.com or Linux and DOS Applied emulation; Internet Intelligence Labs web browser. Knowledge Science Downloadable hypertext encyclopedia for use with Knowledge Science 1.2 Internet web browser; $0.99 - Hypertext Program and Manual. iWords PC Program PC, Macintosh, or Encycopedia PDA with Windows Applied or Linux and DOS Intelligence Labs emulation myACQUIRE™ Deliver ACQUIRE expert system application on the web using myACQUIRE Contact Vendor Subscriptio Acquired hosting service and ready-made HTML template screens or design your own. n Intelligence Inc. Visit www.myacquire.com for demonstrations or contact [email protected] for a free evaluation. Netica Work with Bayes nets and influence diagrams. Suitable for applications in MS Windows, 40MB Contact Norsys Software expert system building, diagnosis, prediction, decision analysis, probabilistic hard disk space, 10MB Vendor Corp. modeling, and data mining. Learns from noisy data, models and presents RAM information in graphs NeuroSolutions for Add-on product which allows you to use NeuroSolutions directly from Windows 95, 98, Me, $250 + Excel Microsoft Excel. Highlight portions of data as training, cross validation, or NT4, 2000, or XP; price of NeuroDimension testing and configure a neural network. Graph the results from a batch of 40MB Free Disk; 32MB NeuroSolu Inc. experiments to determine the optimum network parameters. RAM tions NeuroSolutions for Add-on to MATLAB's allowing the use of NeuroSolutions inside MATLAB Windows 95, 98, Me, $250 + MATLAB and Simulink. Toolbox features 15 neural models, 5 learning algorithms and NT4, 2000, or XP; price of NeuroDimension other integrated utilities. 40MB Free Disk; 32MB NeuroSolu Inc. RAM tions SymBionic 2.0 Visual programming tool to develop sotware applications for simulation, train- MS Windows Contact Stottler Henke ing, decision support, monitoring and control. Includes visual authoring tool 98/NT/200/XP Vendor Associates and runtime engine. Generates documentation to describe behavior’s logic

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PC AI 54 19.1 Data Mining

Product System Description Price Company Requirements Alyuda Forecaster Neural network for forecasting, classification and data mining. Wizard interface MS Windows, 128MB $179. Neo Digital/ creates a neural network to analyze data. Special options for missing values, out- RAM, 5 MB hard disk Educa- Alyuda Research, liers and data entry errors detection. Data automatically scaled and encoded; space tional Inc. supports date/time encoding. Standard Mode tailors data to a neural network, dis- selects, trains, and solves classification or forecasting problem. Expert Mode has counts a range of data pre-processing options, training algorithms, stopping conditions avail- and architecture search methods. able. Alyuda Forecaster Add-in for MS Excel with automatic neural network architecture and parameters MS Windows, MS $149. XL selection for forecasting, classification and data analysis. Special options for Excel, 128MB RAM, 5 Educa- Neo Digital/ missing values, outliers and data entry errors detection. Data is automatically MB hard disk space tional Alyuda Research, scaled and encoded. Creates and trains a neural network using constructive algo- dis- Inc. rithm with intelligent stopping conditions. Detailed reports available: data analy- counts sis, training with graph and table, performance with confusion matrix, errors available graph, scatter plot, etc. Alyuda Neural network software designed to solve real-world data mining, forecasting, MS Windows, 128MB $399. NeuroIntelligence modeling, decision support, signal processing and pattern recognition problems. RAM, 15 MB of free Educa- Neo Includes data preprocessing techniques, automatic architecture search, good hard disk space tional Digital/Alyuda selection of training algorithms and visualization of training and testing. dis- Research Inc. counts available Attrasoft Image recognition, retrieval, and classification software. Scalable with support Contact Vendor Contact ImageFinder for all types of images Vendor Attrasoft, Inc. CoSORT Uses mainframe sort syntax and SQL logic to define and manipulate flat file All UNIX and Contact Sort/ETL data in preparation for other, data mining and business intelligence activities. Windows platforms, Vendor CoSORT / IRI, Select, sort, merge, join, convert, cross-calculate, aggregate, reformat, sequence plus IBM eServer I Inc. and output multiple, multiply-formatted input sources to one or more output and Z series. targets in one or more formats, using field names as the mapping reference. Data Mining The Escort Series is a structured progression of application workshops that Contact Vendor Contact Escort Series blends consulting with knowledge transfer. The mentoring structure is designed Vendor The Modeling as a "build as you learn" process. Create a customized predictive modeling fac- Agency tory in parallel with a data mining expert while developing skills in data mining. Data Mining Levels Vendor-neutral course series on how to leverage predictive insights hidden with- No prerequisites for $2,590 I, II, and III in data. Level I presents best practices, strategy and applications. Level II illus- Level I (Full The Modeling trates data mining methods, tools and techniques. Level III is a hands-on appli- Series) Agency cation workshop. Choose one orientation, or attend the full progression. Visit TMA's training page (www.the-modeling-agency.com) to view course outlines, sched- ules, availability, pricing and site details at upcoming venues in Las Vegas, Orlando, San Diego and Washington, DC. Data Mining Project Data mining projects are highly susceptible to failure without a thorough assess- Contact Vendor $17,500 Assessment ment and project definition. TMA has developed formal guidelines to derive a The Modeling project definition, define responsibilities of the client-vendor team, and provide Agency reasonable flexibility required throughout the knowledge discovery process. One of the most critical components of this process is the data mining project assessment: a fixed-cost service. dtSearch Text Adds dtSearch technology to applications. Supports SQL, Delphi, Java, C++, Two versions: Contact Retrieval Engine C++.NET, C#, VB.NET, ASP.NET and more. Over two dozen indexed, unin- dtSearch Engine for Vendor for Win and .NET dexed and fielded data search options. Highlights hits in HTML, XML & PDF, Win and .NET and dtSearch Corp. while displaying links and images. Converts "Office," ZIP, etc. files to HTML dtSearch Engine for with highlighted hits. See www.dtsearch.com for downloadable evaluations. Linux. Purchase the Volume 16, 17 or 18 CD at www.pcai.com/store

PC AI 55 19.1 Data Mining Product System Description Price Company Requirements Formula Detective Links together a spreadsheet or file of numeric data variables into a readable None Prices Data Mining equation or formula. Input variables ranked according to their importance. There starting at $99 Service is no software to purchase or understand. Receive by email a report consisting of Ward Systems the statistics generated from formula creation including R squared, r, correlation Group, Inc. scatter plot, Actual vs. predicted values, and actual vs. predicted plots. GeneMiner Intelligent data mining tool designed to use automatic search and optimization Contact Vendor $699 kDiscovery.com capabilities of genetic algorithms. Examines raw input data and churns out knowledge and rules for a variety of business and financial applications that need automated decision making with explanation capabilities. Practical examples are provided in the package and can serve as templates for applications including stocks valuation, credit rating, direct marketing, medical screening, and several other business and financial applications. LPA Data Mining Embeddable API which supports association rule mining within relational data- MS Windows Contact Toolkit bases using SQL via ODBC. Vendor LPA NeuralWorks Tool for developing and deploying prediction and classification business intelli- Contact Vendor $2,495- Predict gence models. Includes cluster identification and analysis capability based on $4,995 NeuralWare Inc. Kohonen Self Organizing Maps. Runs stand-alone or within Microsoft Excel. NeuroSolutions Neural network development software combining modular, icon-based network Windows $195 - NeuroDimension design interface with implementation of advanced learning procedures, such as 95/98/Me/NT4/2000 $2,495 Inc. conjugate gradients and backpropagation through time. Other features include /XP; 40MB Free C++ source code generation, customized components through DLLs, neuro- Disk; 32MB RAM fuzzy architectures, and programmatic control from Visual Basic using OLE Automation. PolyAnalyst 4.6 Suite of data mining tools. Analyzes structured and unstructured data. Imports, Contact Vendor Contact Megaputer cleans, manipulates, visualizes, models, scores, and reports data. Vendor Intelligence STATISTICA Data Selection of data mining solutions, with an icon-based user interface. Integrated, MS Windows Contact Miner and automated, ready to deploy as is (or customizable) data mining solutions for Vendor StatSoft, Inc. a variety of business applications. Product is offered optionally with deployment and on-site training services. Intelligent Applications Product System Description Price Company Requirements ADVISOR Internet/Intranet based decision support tool for managing training budgets and Internet web browser. $295 for Enterprise resources from a central location and for identifying ways to run training pro- Java script enabled. 32 1 year BNH Expert grams more effectively and economically. Data from courses resides in a central MB of RAM, 100 MB suscrip- Software, Inc. database and can be accessed with a web browser. of free disk space. tion Amzi! Integrates intelligent components with conventional applications; add business Contact Vendor $0- Prolog+Logic rule logic-bases for pricing, configuration, workflow, planning, and problem solv- $1,499 Server ing. Access logic-base of rules like a database. Rules expressed in Prolog with Amzi! Inc. built-in search and pattern matching capabilities. Encapsulated as a Java Class (JSP and Servlets), C/C++ Class, .NET Class (VB, C#), Delphi Component, and DLL/SO API. Add Prolog predicates in Java, C/C++, C#, VB or Delphi. Eclipse IDE with source/remote debugger. Windows, Linux, Solaris, HP/UX. Free for personal and academic use. BitDefender Provides virus protection, data confidentiality, active content control and Contact Vendor Contact Antivirus Internet filtering. Protects data in an office environment and at home. Features: Vendor Professional v7.2 Behavior Blocking; Internet traffic control; Internet Application Control; Privacy Softwin SRL Control; Active Content Control; Dial control; Peer-2-Peer Applications Protection; Password protection.

PC AI 56 19.1 Intelligent Applications Product System Description Price Company Requirements BitDefender Antivirus Protection from viruses, Trojans, Internet worms and other malicious applica- Contact Vendor Contact Standard Edition tions with daily updates, computer protection, virus protection, virus detection, Vendor Softwin SRL security product, scan, utility, tool, blocking, filter, home security. BitDefender White list/Black list; Heuristic filter; Bayesian filter for detecting and removing Contact Vendor Contact AntiSpam v7.2 spam. Compatible with any e-mail client; Self-learning; Configurable White List. Vendor Softwin SRL BitDefender Enterprise Management for your distributed networks. Intelligent update of the virus signa- Contact Vendor Contact Management tures databases and of network security products. Automated response to new Vendor Console virus outbreaks. Alert messages, content management, antivirus protection, net- Softwin SRL work scan, data security. BitDefender for MS Blocks viruses, Trojans or other potentially malicious code at e-mail server level. Contact Vendor Contact Exchange 5.5/2000 Vendor Softwin SRL Custom Solution Add-on to NeuroSolutions. Generates and compiles a Dynamic Link Library MATLAB 5 or higher, $795 Wizard (DLL) for a neural network, which can then be embedded into a Visual Basic, MS Windows; 40MB NeuroDimension Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Access, Visual C++, or ASP application. Can be used Free Disk; 32MB Inc. with TradingSolutions to develop custom neural network models for trading. RAM dtSearch Text Adds dtSearch technology to applications. Supports SQL, Delphi, Java, C++, Two versions: Contact Retrieval Engine C++.NET, C#, VB.NET, ASP.NET and more. Over two dozen indexed, unin- dtSearch Engine for Vendor for Win and .NET dexed and fielded data search options. Highlights hits in HTML, XML & PDF, Win and .NET and dtSearch Corp. while displaying links and images. Converts "Office," ZIP, etc. files to HTML dtSearch Engine for with highlighted hits. See www.dtsearch.com for downloadable evaluations. Linux. DXpress Solution Software Tools to build Expert Diagnostic Applications based upon Bayesian MS Windows Contact Series Networks. Consists of a Graphics Editor/Compilier, test and validation module Vendor Knowledge and a an API/dll. Incorporates test/question sequence optimization. Used in Industries, Inc. Auditing, Medical, automotive repair, office machinery repair, aircraft diagnostics and other applications where Expert suport is provided to paraprofessionals.

PC AI 57 19.1 Intelligent Applications Product System Description Price Company Requirements Exsys Selector Designed for developing online product selection and probabilistic identification MS Windows (95, 98, Contact RuleBook systems. Web-enabled systems recommend best products for each customer's NT, 2000, ME, XP, Vendor EXSYS Inc. requirements using conversational interface that emulates interaction a customer 128 MB Free Disk would have with an expert salesperson. Based on user input, logical rules analyze Space min., Min products and product data maintained in a spreadsheet to rank and find products Screen Resolution: for the customer. A "best-fit" recommendation is always made. Each product 1024 x 768 includes a detailed report on how it matches the customer's individual requirements. Product selection logic is already built in; systems developed using drag- and-drop, fill-in-the-text design tool. Includes Java applet runtime. See demos and download 30-day evaluation at www.exsys.com. EZ-Xpert 3.0 RAD development environment for rule-based systems. User enters specifica- MS C++ or Visual Contact AI Developers, tions and EZ-Xpert generates ready-to-compile code for C++ for Windows and Basic Compiler Vendor Inc. Visual Basic. Automated verification and code generation. Performs conflict resolution during development. Tests 20,000 rules per second on a PC. 23 verification tests. Generates interactive, monitoring, and automated style systems. Knowledge Map. Menu-driven and Wizard interfaces. Accepts external facts from program calls, files, user-defined code, ODBC sources, and sensors. IntelliVEST Suite Consists of NeuroForecaster Neural Net Forecaster with automated features; Contact Vendor $299- kDiscovery.com GENETICA, a genetic algorithms-based neural net builder; Select!, for automat- $699 ic scanning, filtering and selection of stocks; VisuaData, a data preprocessor which generates 100+ technical indicators for neural network analysis, and technical readings with technical background and tips on neural net training. Visual Rule Studio Windows based expert system development tool. Rule sets are referenced from MS Windows, MS $285 - Rule Machines Visual Basic or VB .NET applications and act as repositories for the rules that Visual Basic 5.0 or $5,995 Corporation can make an application function in an “intelligent” manner. Can use backward 6.0, and MS VB chaining, forward chaining, or both and includes fuzzy logic operators. VB appli- .NET (Referenced as cations can be deployed to a web server. COM library) Voice Studio Animated characters interact with voice, send keystrokes to applications, record/ IE Version 3.02 or $49.97 Ultimate playback mouse movements, tell jokes, talk and read selections. Includes basic later, Pentium II 233- Interactive dictation engine of text into applications. 10-minute animated tutorial. Advanced MHz PC Desktops Macro Designer combines multiple functions into one voice command.

Intelligent Tutoring Product System Description Price Company Requirements KnowledgeBases Proprietary knowledge base of solutions to questions about Microsoft, Lotus Dependent upon Contact KnowledgeBroker, and Corel/WordPerfect applications, a range of operating systems, the Internet, Host System Vendor Inc. and more. Developed from real time help desk calls, content is used by Help Desk technicians and End User for Self-Help. Task Tutor Toolkit Provides Java libraries and applications that interface with simulators to coach MS Windows, 20MB $5,000 Stottler Henke students and evaluate performance during constrained scenarios with a single hard drive space. Java per Associates, Inc. correct sequence of actions, with variation in the ordering of the actions/details. 1.4. devel- Built-in authoring tool. Supports practice-based learning of technical skills. oper

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PC AI 58 19.1 Intelligent Web Searching Product System Description Price Company Requirements Aware Search interface uses Artificial Intelligence techniques to enhance enterprise Contact Vendor Contact Aware searching by adjusting the results based on how close they met the requirements. Vendor Search/Stottler Uses multiple search engines to speed the search. User ratings of results modify Henke the search to provide more targeted information by clicking on + or - icons to Associates, Inc. indicate the relative importance of the site. Results are stored in the application on the hard drive; can be retrieved later without bookmarking. Simultaneous searches using the folder system. Search information can be exported to ZIP files and search properties can be amended later. A free 30-day trial is available at www.awaresearch.com/freetrial.htm. dtSearch Web with Web-based engine publishes and searches Web content. Over a dozen indexed Runs on IIS based Contact Spider and fielded data search options. Highlights hits in HTML, XML & PDF, while Web sites. Linux ver- Vendor dtSearch Corp. displaying links and images. Converts word processor, database, spreadsheet, ZIP, sion of Text Retrieval etc. files to HTML, with highlighted hits. Built-in Spider expands searchable Engine also available. database to other sites; supports dynamically-generated content. Optional API for SQL, Java, and .NET. See www.dtsearch.com for downloadable evaluations. Exsys WINK Builds systems using Exsys CORVID that dynamically build Web pages of spe- Exsys CORVID Contact (What I Need to cific information and content for each site visitor. System "consultations" ask Vendor Know) questions and determine relevant content specific to individual’s interests and EXSYS Inc. requirements based on logical criteria, and displays a customized web page. Works with complex sites; organizes and presents content for different types of visitors. Run as Java applet or utilize HTML using the Exsys Servlet Runtime. Assists web sites, kiosks, banners and wireless with unique interactions. Download a free 30-day Exsys CORVID evaluation and run a WINK system at www.exsys.com for your own customized Exsys web page. NextNext IssueIssue Scheduled articles and Buyer’’s Guide Themes include: Agents AI Languages Case-Based Reasoning Help Desk Intelligent Web Applications Object Oriented Development Also scheduled in 19.2 are articles on Robotics, AI and the Net, AI Q crossword puzzle and the PC AI Bookzone.

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PC AI 59 19.1 Intelligent Web Searching Product System Description Price Company Requirements ISYS:web Sixth-generation, web-based enterprise search solution for websites and MS Windows, Starts at ISYS Search intranets. Search technology supports 30 languages and 140 file formats, includ- TCP/IP stack present- $5,000/ Software ing XML, Office documents, databases, PDF, WordPerfect, proprietary systems ed through server and more. Offers multiple query methods, including Natural Language Query WINSOCK v1.1 or using natural language processing (NLP) to rank and generate search results. later. 64 MB (recom- Proprietary NLP technology uses several variables to ascertain the context of a mended 256MB). 100 query to enhance the relevance in results sets. MB (temporary storage of query results). Textractor Combines semantic text analysis and machine learning techniques for an enter- MS Windows, 128 Contact Megaputer prise level text mining server. Automated document categorization and target MB RAM, 60 MB Vendor Intelligence Inc. delivery (user or system provided categories); knowledge extraction via call cen- HD space. Microsoft ter notes (supports directed and undirected modes) and knowledge-based execu- SQL Server 7 or tive reporting system (knowledge extraction and single-glance visualization); higher. Includes competitive intelligence (tracking competitor activities and market trends). Robotics Product System Description Price Company Requirements Arobot Computer controlled mobile robot designed for experimenters and educators who Contact Vendor $235 ARRICK will find unlimited experimentation by programming an on-board Basic Stamp II Robotics control computer. Learn and use concepts such as computer programming, motion control, sensor reading, path planning, object avoidance, and more. Assembled using common hand tools (no soldering required). Connect ARobot to a personal computer for programming and to begin experimenting. Books, the Basic Stamp II controller and expansion kits are available Visit www.robotics.com for more information.

PC AI 60 19.1 Robotics

Product System Description Price Company Requirements Basic Stamp The BASIC Stamp is a microcontroller that is programmed using a form of the Contact Vendor Contact Modules BASIC programming language. It is called a “Stamp” because it is close to the Vendor Parallax, Inc. size of an average postage stamp. The program is not lost when power is removed since the PBASIC code is stored inside a serial EEPROM on-board the BASIC Stamp. EEPROMs which provide non-volatile storage. Programming kits are also available. CoWorker Control the assistant remotely in either an indoor or protected outdoor environ- Contact Vendor Contact IRobot ment on relatively smooth floors covered with typical industrial floor coverings. Vendor Climbs thresholds up to 3" and all ADA approved ramps but not intended for stair climbing. Rechargeable sealed lead acid battery with 3-4 hours runtime in normal operation with 6 hour charge time. Max speed is electronically limited at 1.7ft/sec on level ground with higher speed drive trains available. Video is 768 x 494 pixels, 18x optical zoom, 4x digital zoom with auto focus and Audio is 2.4 GHz DSS 2-way hands free digital audio. The Radio is scanning sonar, NTSC video, infrared ranging and proximity. ERSP 3.0 for Development platform for creating robotic devices. vSLAM navigation for MS Windows 2000 Contact Windows enabling robots to operate autonomously using the information gained using a and XP Vendor Evolution single camera. Also incorporates Microsoft speech support. Available as SDK or Robotics multi-use redistribution license. Companion Scorpion development robot available. LPA Prolog and Comprehensive AI development suite and optional toolkits build sophisticated MS Windows Contact Toolkits business applications and interfaces to support Robotics and other mechanistic Vendor LPA implements. Supports logic-based reasoning and inferencing with knowledge representation. Direct programmatic access to Windows GUI and environment; option to package invisible intelligent components for integration with other languages and environments. Support for large corpora such as WordNet, DCG parsing and parse tree drawing utilities and efficient string handling routines. Mini-ANDROS II Small mobile robot allows use in constrained areas. Features include all terrain, N/A Contact Remotec, Inc climbing stairs, environmentally sealed with tether, fiber optic, or wireless con- vendor. trol. PaPeRo Prototype personal robot that communicates with humans as a family member. Contact Vendor Contact NEC New features include improved recognition through detection-based feedback Vendor that tells the user what the robot detects in its surrounding environment. Displays consistent behavior. Has an efficient development environment contain- ing Robot Script Language and a Visual Editor. Gradual changes based on Lessons from Signs in the robot actions. Rogue ATR 2-level tracked expandable robot base, sensor mount points, charger on board, Contact Vendor $259.95 OOBOARD Kit OOBoard brain. Dual DC gear motors with 1.1 A H-bridge Rogue Robotics Rogue Blue ERS Introductory kit for basic learning and then progressing into advanced robotics Contact Vendor $275 Rogue experiments. Includes 2 level, 8 inch round expandable robot base, Rogue Robotics OOBoard to allow for add-in modules and capabilities, and sensor mounting options. Three-inch wheels with servo motors. Submit your listing for the next PC AI Buyer’s Guide at [email protected] Topics for the next Buyer’s Guide include: Agents AI Languages Case-Based Reasoning Help Desk Intelligent Web Applications Object Oriented Development

PC AI 61 19.1 Robotics

Product System Description Price Company Requirements Roomba Intelligent FloorVac automatically cleans all types of floor surfaces. Place N/A $199.95 Irobot Roomba in the middle of the room, turn it on, select room size. Guided by infrared sensors, weighs less than six pounds, avoids falling down stairs, cleans around furniture. One charge of the included NiMH battery provides enough power to clean up to three medium-size rooms. Trilobot Mobile robot with microcontroller and sensor technology. Robotic platform for N/A $1,900 ARRICK research in artificial intelligence, artificial life, autonomous navigation, robotics Robotics technology, education, security, telepresence, and robot competitions. Controller and software needed to command it provided by the user. Controlled by sending low-level commands from a desktop PC or an on-board embedded PC using a standard RS-232 serial port. Commands allow control over the drive motors, head motion, gripper, sensors, etc. PCPC AIAI VolumeVolume 1818 Buy PC AI Volume 18 on CD nownow onon CDCD For Paid Subscribers - $14 each CD Non-Paid Subscribers - $32 each CD 6 Issues in both HMTL and PDF US Postage - $3.00 for postage per CD Issues 18.1 - 18.6 (2004-2005) Foreign Postage - $5.00 per CD)

Additional updates and bonus video not in (Quantity Discounts are available) the original issues. Order online at All web issues reformatted with PC AI www.pcai.com/store Navigation Bar or Higher Quality PDF’s Contact PC AI directly (602) 971-1869 Over 70 articles, columns and puzzles PC AI Volume 16 and Volume 17 CDs are Sample articles include: also available. Systems Analysis & RAD Vol 17 Articles include: The Social Life of Indexed vs. Unindexed Searching Books , The DARPA Challenge , Searching Microarrays and AI Beyond the Tower of Babel , AI and the Law , Expert Systems in Medicine and many more. and much, much more. Vol 16 Articles include: Microsoft Research Topics included: Spawns a New Era in Speech Technology, Microsoft's Machine Translation, Backward Data Mining, Robotics, Business Rules, Chaining, Intro to Fuzzy Logic, Prolog Genetic Algorithms, Prolog, LISP, Business Fundamentals, and many more. Forecasting, Case-Based Reasoning, Knowledge Management, Agents, Fuzzy Plus, regular columns AI and the Net, The Logic, Intelligent Tutoring, Expert Systems, Bookzone and Robotics, as well as the PC AI Logic Programming, Modeling and Product Update and Buyer’s Guide. Simulation, Searching, Pattern Matching, Visit www.pcai.com/store to order all 6 Natural Language Processing, etc. issues of either volume on one CD today!

PC AI 62 19.1 Vendor Address Company Address Phone and Email Web Address U.S. Vendors AI Developers, Inc. 3103 Dante Loop, Ste. 303 888.327.9397 www.ez-xpert.com Laredo, TX 78041 [email protected] Amzi! inc. 47 Redwood Road 828.350.0350 www.amzi.com Asheville, NC 28804 [email protected] Applied Intelligence Labs 31 Franklin Turnpike 201.444.5051 www.newmediapublishing.com Waldwick, NJ 07463 [email protected] ARRICK Robotics 10768 CR 2335 903.566.4700 www.robotics.com Tyler, TX 75707 [email protected] Attrasoft, Inc. PO Box 13051 912.484.1717 www.attrasoft.com Savannah, GA 31406 [email protected] Aware Search c/o Stottler 1107 NE 45th Street, Ste. 310 206.545.1478 www.awaresearch.com Henke Associates Inc. Seattle, WA 98105 [email protected] CoSORT/IRI Inc. 2194 Highway A1A, Ste. 303 321.777.8889 www.cosort.com Melbourne, FL 32937 [email protected] Data Advantage Group, Inc. 604 Mission Street Suite 700 415.947.0400 www.dag.com San Francisco, CA 94105 [email protected] dtSearch Corp. 6852 Tulip Hill Terrace 800.IT.FINDS www.dtsearch.com Bethesda, MD 20816 [email protected] Evolution Robotics 130 W. Union St. 626.229.3199 www.evolution.com Pasadena, CA 91103 [email protected] Exsys, Inc. 2155 Louisiana Blvd. NE Ste 3100 505.888.9494 www.exsys.com Albuquerque, NM 87110 [email protected] IRobot 63 South Ave. 781.345.0200 www.irobot.com Burlington, MA 01803 [email protected] ISYS Search Software 8775 E. Orchard Rd. #811 800.992.4797 www.isys-search.com Englewood, CO 80111 [email protected] KnowledgeBroker Inc. PO Box 17097 626.441.0702 www.kbi.com Reno, NV 89521 [email protected] Knowledge Industries, Inc. 408.554.0712 www.kic.com [email protected] www.symptomedix.com Megaputer Intelligence 120 W. 7th Street, Ste. 310 812.330.0110 www.megaputer.com Bloomington, IN 47404 [email protected] Neo Digital, Inc. (Alyuda 1450 Frontero Ave 650.941.1452 www.alyuda.com Research Inc.) Los Altos, CA 94024 [email protected] NeuralWare Inc. 230 E. Main Street, Ste. 200 412.278.6288 www.neuralware.com Carnegie, PA 15106 [email protected] NeuroDimension, Inc. 3701 NW 40th Terrace, Suite 1 352.377.5144 or 800.634.3327 www.nd.com Gainesville, FL 32606 [email protected] Palisade Inc. 31 Decker Road 607.277.8000 www.palisade.com Newfield, NY 14867 [email protected] Parallax, Inc. 599 Menlo Drive, Ste. 100 888.512.1024 www.parallax.com Rocklin, CA 95765 [email protected] Remotec 114 Union Valley Rd. 865.483.0228 www.remotec-andros.com Oak Ridge, TN 37830 [email protected] Rule Machines Corporation 51745 396th Ave. 218.334.3960 www.rulemachines.com Frazee, MN 56544 [email protected] RuleSphere International PO Box 152 978.456.8253 www.rulesphere.com Still River, MA 01467 [email protected] StatSoft, Inc. 2300 E. 14th St. 918.749.1119 www.statsoft.com Tulsa, OK 74104 [email protected] Stottler Henke Associates 951 Mariner’s Island Blvd, Ste 360 650.931.2700 www.stottlerhenke.com San Mateo, CA 94404 [email protected] The Haley Enterprise 1108 Ohio River Blvd. 412.741.6420 www.haley.com Sewickley, PA 15143 [email protected]

PC AI 63 19.1 Vendor Address Company Address Phone and Email Web Address The Modeling Agency PO Box 7541 936.321.2177 www.the-modeling- The Woodlands, TX 77387 [email protected] agency.com Ultimate Interactive Desktops PO Box 3204 877.794.5703 www.voicestudio.us Inc. Wichita, KS 67201 [email protected] Ward Systems Group, Inc. 5 Hillcrest Drive 301.662.7950 www.wardsystems.com Frederick, MD 21703 [email protected] Canadian Vendors Acquired Intelligence Inc. 205 - 1095 McKenzie Avenue 250.479.8646 www.aiinc.ca Victoria, BC, V9B 3H9 [email protected] BNH Expert Sofware Inc. 4000 Steinberg Street 514.745.4010 www.bnhexpertsoft.com St. Laurent, QC, H4R 2G7 [email protected] Norsys Software Corporation 3512 W. 23rd Avenue 604.221.2223 www.norsys.com Vancouver, BC, V6S 1K5 [email protected] Rogue Robotics 103 Sarah Ashbridge Ave. 416.707-3745 www.roguerobotics.com Toronto, ONT, M4L 3Y1 [email protected] Vendors Outside North America kDiscovery.com 31 Simei Street 4 #02-20 [email protected] www.kdiscovery.com Republic of Singapore 529877 LPA Studio 4, RVPB, Trinity Rd +44.20887. 12016 www.lpa.co.uk London England, SW18 3SX UK [email protected] NEC [email protected] www.incx.nec.co.jp/robot/robo tcenter_e.html Object Connections Pty Ltd. PO Box 562 (61-2) 4950 0577 www.objectconnections.com Wallsend, Australia, 2287 [email protected] SOFTWIN SRL / BitDefender 5, Fabrica de Glucoza Street 40212330780 www.bitdefender.com Bucharest, Romania, 020331 [email protected] PC AI 64 19.1 ADVERTISER INDEX Select the company name to automatically transfer to the company’s home site of interest

Company Pages

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Amzi 10, 21,

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Applied Business Intelligence 65

dtSearch 8, 11,

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52 PC AI PCPC AI AI 5065 16.4 2002 19.1 PC AI 66 18.6