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CAMPUS TREE WALK – EUCALYPTS AND THEIR RELATIVES THEIR AND EUCALYPTS – WALK TREE CAMPUS

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Campus Eucalypt Walk History Eucalypts Species of Eucalypts are an important landscape In 1975 the landscape supervisor, Leon Fuller, feature of the settled areas of Wollongong and commenced a programme of propagating and and their form the dominant vegetation of much of the city’s planting indigenous trees and shrubs. This remnant bush. On the Illawarra escarpment, these strategy was reinforced by Bruce Mackenzie’s relatives forests provide habitat for many species of animals, landscape master plan, completed in 1979. but unfortunately the extent of urban development This policy of planting Australian native spe- on the coastal plain has resulted in fragmentation cies has been maintained by subsequent land- and isolation of these forests. scape staff.

The walk consists of 25 species of Eucalypts and The native tree plantings on campus were related genera (members of the family), well established by 1983 when plans for the most of which would either have been originally Keira Green Corridor were developed by The growing on the site, or are commonly found in the Friends of the University of Wollongong. This Wollongong/Illawarra area. Up to ten species may corridor links the vegetation of the escarp- have occurred naturally on the campus site, with ment with that of the coast, providing valua- another two species occurring closer to the coast ble habitat and assisting the migration of lo- and at least another 15 species occurring within a cal fauna and flora species. 10 km radius.

Species are identified by the texture of their bark, Acknowledgements and the shape of leaf, fruit and buds. This walk and guide was produced by staff and volun- teers of the Janet Cosh Herbarium with the support of UOW Facilities Management Division. Species distribu- tion maps were generated using combined data available via Atlas of Living , www.ala.org.

Fruit with Fruit with exserted valves enclosed valves Janet Cosh Herbarium Start your walk in the common area in front “Towards understanding and of Building 15. See accompanying map and

caring for our unique flora” Walks Campus Tree species descriptions overleaf. Tree Identification Guide

1. 14. Eucalyptus canaliculata ‘Flooded Gum’ ‘Large-fruited Grey Gum’ Bark: smooth Bark: smooth; patchy white, grey, pink Leaves: simple, alternate, discolorous Leaves: dark green, simple, alternate, discolorous Fruit: cone shaped gum nut, valves exserted Fruit: hemispherical, ribbed gum nut, valves exserted Habitat: WSF or rainforest margins, north coast Habitat: WSF, DSF, north coast.

2. 15. Eucalyptus amplifolia ‘Coast Grey Box’ ‘Cabbage Gum’ Bark: fibrous and flakey (‘box’) on main trunk, smooth uppers Bark: smooth; white, grey, red-brown, green Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous; narrow Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous Fruit: cylindrical gum nut, valves enclosed Fruit: egg-shaped gum nut, valves exserted Habitat: WSF, southern part of coast and ranges Habitat: grassy woodland, usually on damp sites, coast and ranges

3. 16. ‘Blackbutt’ ‘White Stringybark’ Bark: rough, smooth uppers Bark: stringy Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous or slightly discolorous Fruit: hemispherical gum nut, valves enclosed Fruit: flattened globose gum nut, valves rim level or exserted Habitat: coastal WSF and ranges Habitat: DSF, coast and ranges

4. 17. quinquenervia ‘Swamp Mahogany’ ‘Broad-leaved Tea Tree’ Bark: rough over whole trunk Bark: paperbark Leaves: simple, alternate, discolorous, broad Leaves: simple, alternate, 5 prominent veins Fruit: cylindrical gum nut, valves enclosed, often angular Fruit: dry , broad cylindrical, in groups on stem Habitat: coast; hind dunes Habitat: swamps and coastal

5. 18. ‘Spotted Gum’ ‘Prickly leaved Tea Tree’ Bark: smooth; grey patches Bark: paperbark Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous Leaves: simple, alternate, ovate to broad ovate pungent pointed Fruit: egg-shaped gum nut, valves enclosed Fruit: egg-shaped dry capsule in groups on stem Habitat: coastal WSF and ranges Habitat: moist situations, coast and ranges

6. Eucalyptus sideroxylon 19. ‘Mugga’ ‘Flax-leaved Paperbark’ Bark: red-brown to brown-black ironbark Bark: paperbark Leaves: green-grey, simple, alternate, concolorous Leaves: simple, opposite, narrow Fruit: hemispherical gum nut, valves enclosed Fruit: cylindrical capsule in groups on stem, valves rim-level Habitat: DSF, inland Habitat: heath and DSF, moist or swampy soils, coast and ranges

7. 20. ‘Tallowwood’ ‘Rough-barked Apple’ Bark: stringy or fibrous, reddish brown Bark: rough throughout Leaves: glossy and discolorous Leaves: simple, opposite, discolorous Fruit: conical or pear-shaped, valves rim-level Fruit: egg-shaped, dry, ribbed capsule Habitat: WSF, coastal regions Habitat: DSF, coast and ranges

8. 21. Eucalyptus leucoxylon ‘Grey Ironbark’ ‘ Yellow Gum’ Bark: ironbark; grey Bark: rough at base, smooth on uppers Leaves: simple, alternate, discolorous Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous Fruit: hemispherical gum nut, smooth or angular, valves Fruit: hemispherical gum nut, valves enclosed enclosed Habitat: grassy woodland; western plains, along Murray River Habitat: WSF 22. 9. Eucalyptus baueriana ‘Mountain Blue Gum’ ‘Blue Box’ Bark: rough at base, smooth on uppers; white, cream to grey Bark: rough, grey Leaves: simple, alternate, discolorous Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous, blue green Fruit: cylindrical gum nut, valves exserted Fruit: conical gum nut, valves enclosed Habitat: WSF, coast and northern ranges Habitat: coast– along watercourses 23. 10. glomulifera ssp glomulifera ‘Smooth-barked Apple’ ‘Turpentine’ Bark: smooth, pink to grey Bark: stringy Leaves: simple, opposite, discolorous Leaves: simple, opposite, discolorous Fruit: egg-shaped, ridged gum nut Fruit: woody capsule with many openings Habitat: DSF, heath, sandy soils, coast and tablelands Habitat: WSF and rainforest, coast and ranges 24. Eucalyptus elata 11. /botryoides (intergrade) ‘River Peppermint’ ‘ Blue Gum/Bangalay’ Bark: rough at base, peeling off in long ribbons Bark: rough, smooth uppers Leaves: narrow, simple, alternate, concolorous Leaves: simple, alternate, discolorous Fruit: small gum nut, valves enclosed Fruit: cylindrical gum nut, valves enclosed or slightly exserted Habitat: WSF/woodland; watercourses Habitat: WSF, DSF, coastal areas south of Sydney 25. Eucalyptus smithi 12. ‘Gully gum’ ‘Woolybutt’ Bark: rough at base, peeling off in long ribbons Bark: rough at base Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous Leaves: simple, alternate, concolorous Fruit: egg-shaped gum nut, valves exserted Fruit: cylindrical gum nut, valves enclosed, hanging in 3’s Habitat: shallow soils, gullies, south coast and ranges Habitat: coast, woodland

13. ‘Forest Red Gum’ DEFINITIONS Bark: smooth; white or grey DSF: Dry Sclerophyll Forest Leaves: dull green, simple, alternate, concolorous WSF: Wet Sclerophyll Forest Fruit: egg-shaped gum nut, valves exserted Valves exserted: protruding beyond rim of gum nut Habitat: WSF, DSF, coast, ranges and western slopes Valves enclosed: not protruding beyond rim of gum nut Discolorous: lower leaf surface different to upper in colour (usually lighter) Concolorous: lower and upper leaf surfaces the same colour