6 X 10. Three Lines .P65

Cambridge University Press 0521602661 - Modernizing England’s Past: English Historiography in the Age of Modernism, 1870-1970 Michael Bentley Index More information

Index

Entries containing biographical or bibliographical information have been printed in bold type to help readers find their way among the many names listed here. In order to make the length manageable, entries for persons other than English historians have been kept to a minimum. The central themes of the book may be tracked through the entries for ‘whig interpretation of history’ and ‘Modernism’.

Acton, Lord 14, 50, 52, 57, 60, 93, 182, Bagehot, Walter 145 194, 206 Baldwin, J. F., 35 and Butterfield 154 Baldwin, Stanley 39 Adolphus, John 144 Barker, Ernest 186, 206 Africa 71, 77, 79 on English nationalism 184 South African context 74, 75, 192 Barker, Theodore 128 Agrarian history 133, 137, 139 Bateson, Mary 121, 121 and Joan Thirsk’s Agrarian History of Batho, Gordon 136 England and Wales, 136 Beard, Charles 14 Alfred, King 19 Becker, Carl 210 Allison, Sir William 5 Beckett, Thomas a`, 47 Alvord, Clarence W., 148 Beer, Max 180 America 82, 202, 208, 227 Beit, Alfred 149 Namier and 104, 149 and Oxford chair of imperial history 78 American historians 14, 109, 110, Bell, Daniel 225 112, 131, 135, 174, 205, Belloc, Hilaire 57 208, 217 Be´mont, Charles 103 and eighteenth-century studies 148 Benians, E. A., 80 and parliamentary history Benson, A. C., 210 34–6 Beresford, Maurice 133, 133 Andrews, Charles M., 81, 149, 149 Bindoff, S. T., 160, 160 Anglo-Saxons 24, 28, 30, 66, 74, 137 Bishop, Edmund, 57 and Stenton 141, 142 Blaas, P. B. M., 95, 96 Annan, Noel 190, 202, 216 Black Death 132 Anonimalle Chronicle 41–2 Bloch, Marc 14, 103 Anselm, St, 58 and Tawney 135 Anson, Sir William 19 Bloomsbury 61 appeasement 187 Boer War 51, 82 Aquinas, Thomas 55, 56, 58 Brailsford, H. N., 83, 172 Ashley, Maurice 114 Brewer, J. S., 109 Ashton, T. S., on objectivity 199 Brewer, John 157, 166 Aspinall, Arthur 155, 155, 160 Briggs, Asa 132 Attenborough, F. L., 137 British Academy 97 Augustine, St, 58, 66 Brogan, Denis 165 Auschwitz 21, 112 Brooke, John 155, 160; Australia 71, 74 Butterfield’s attacks on 161

237

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521602661 - Modernizing England’s Past: English Historiography in the Age of Modernism, 1870-1970 Michael Bentley Index More information

238 Index Browning, Andrew 114 Canning, George 84, 174 Browning, Oscar 127, 183, 183 Cannon, John 154, 166 Bryant, Arthur 88, 110, 131, 142, 188, Carlyle, Thomas 5, 11, 13, 14, 93, 206 213, 229 Carr, E. H., and What is History?, 223, 226 his nostalgic Toryism 184, 185 Catholicism and historians 49, 56, 59, 60, reflecting sympathetically on Third 63, 68, 191 Reich 185 Chadwick, Owen 67 Bryce, James, Lord 83, 83, 206 Chamberlain, Joseph 71, 73 Buckle, H. T., 51 Chambers, J. D., 126, 131, 132, 138, 179 Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Charles I, King 6, 146 Research, 206 Charles II, King, and Bryant 184 Bullock, Alan 189 Chatham House (Royal Institute of Burrow, J. W., 171 International Affairs), 84 Bury, J. B., 97 Checkland, S. G., 129 his scientism 194, 194 Cheney, C. R., and his modernism 208 Butler, Cuthbert 57 Chesterton, G. K., 57 Butler, J. R. M., 84, 86, 87 Chrimes, S. B., 19 Butterfield, Herbert, 144 Christie, Ian 166 background and early years 52, 95, 105 Church, Dean R. W., 52, 206 as critic of whig error 87, 108 Church of England and historians dispute with Namier 154–64 Coulton and 60 and Germany 172 Previte´-Orton and 67 his anti-scientism 200–1 Stubbs and 46; 50 his critique of modernism 104, 214–15 Tawney and 55 and the Whig Interpretation of History, 92, Toynbee and Cunningham 53 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, 144 Churchill, Winston 88, 157, 213 other references 22, 44, 49, 66, 68, 88, Civil War, English 51, 54, 135 96, 100, 109, 112, 113, 115, 122, Clapham, Sir John 127, 127, 129, 172, 177 143, 145, 148–68, 181, 186, 187, on historical knowledge 198 188, 189, 190, 192, 200, 212, 218, Clark, G. Kitson 64, 65, 211 219, 220, 222, 225, 227, 229, 230 Clark, G. N., 66, 112, 113, 198, 211 Clarke, W. Lowther, 58 Cam, Helen 12, 21, 25, 43, 55, 65, 122, Cold War 112, 169, 192 123, 137, 172, 180, 220 Cole, G. D. H., 172, 172, 177, 210 on anachronism 191 Coleridge, S. T., 49 on Stubbs 114, 122 Colley, Linda 116, 166 and whig tradition 111 Collingwood, R. G., 11, 197, 209 Cambridge Economic History of Europe, on evidence 199 129, 133 Collinson, Patrick 46, 46, 67, 68 Cambridge Group for the History of Communist Party 179 Population and Social Structure 130 Communist Party Historians’ Group 190 Cambridge Historical Journal, 108, 114, Congress of Vienna 83, 102, 134, 184 161, 206 constitutional history 19, 27, 107, 182 Cambridge History of the British Empire, and the 1960s 224 80, 133 and eighteenth century 145 Cambridge Medieval History, 38, 122 and Empire 70 Cambridge Modern History, 80, 112, and twentieth century 206 173, 231 Cooper, John 62 Cambridge University 20, 50, 51, 67, 76, Costin, W. C., 19 94, 97, 98, 105, 106, 107, 108, 122, Coulton, G. G., 59, 59, 60, 120 127, 129, 130, 143, 147, 161, 163, County Record Offices 207 164, 186 Coupland, Sir Reginald 78, 81 and Namier 161 Cowling, Maurice 64, 64, 66, 167 and scientific ethos 197, 201 Cranmer, Thomas 51, 58 Canada 71 Creighton, Mandell 50, 60, 64, 93, 106, Cannadine, David 116, 229 109, 206

Index 239

Crimea, war in 82 Elton, G. R., 10, 13, 36, 40, 40, 67, 68, Croce, Benedetto 206 104, 115, 142, 166, 209, 220, 230 Cromwell, Oliver 170 as anti-socialist 190 Cunningham, William 53, 126, 127, 177 as quintessential modernist 217 Curtis, Lionel, and Civitas Dei, 79, 80, Empire, British 15, 70–81, 208 81, 89 and the 1960s 224 and Namier 148 Darwin and Darwinism 25, 54, 72, 127 and post-war moods 89 Davies, Godfrey 113 Encounter, and the Butterfield–Namier Davis, H. W. C., 83, 101, 106, 211, dispute 162 220, 230 English Historical Review, 105, 161, 166, Dawson, Christopher 56, 56 198, 206, 229 decolonization 112, 225 English Place-Name Society 141 democracy Ensor, Sir Robert 64, 177 Froude on its dangers 76 Ernle, Lord 140 its deceptive peace 192 Evans, R. J., 217 and Tory historiography 182, 183, 184 Evesham, battle of (1265), 30 and totalitarianism 169 evidence, and modernists 11 Denholm Young, N., 208 Derrida, Jacques 10 facts and events for modernists 12, 198, Dicey, A. V., 19, 40, 145, 155 199, 210, 211, 227 Dickens, A. G., 58 Fair, J. D., 224 Dictionary of National Biography, 106 Fascism 39, 186 Dilke, Sir Charles 74 Febvre, Lucien 14, 103, 231 dissent, religious, and history 49, 49, 65 Feiling, Keith 184, 189, 200, 200 Dobb, Maurice 190 Plumb on 158 Dray, William 213 Ferguson, Niall 93, 94 Duffy, Eamon 46, 46, 68 Finberg, H. P. R., 137 Durkheim, Emile 50, 111 Finley, Moses 129 First World War 7, 39, 43, 94, 110, 144 Ecce Homo 50 atmospherics and memory 102–4 ecclesiastical history 48 and Empire 72, 81, 82 economic and social history as a and historical method 196, 197 genre 120ff impact on historiography and its Economic and Social Research aftermath 83 Council 129 and Liberalism 172, 173 economic history, its modernist form and modernism 119 126–33, 147 and religion 52, 53, 62 new Economic History 131 and ‘research’, 204 Economic History Review, 128, 135, 181, and socialism 178 206, 208 Firth, C. H., 36, 60, 81, 93, 97, 101, Economic History Society 119, 128 106, 114, 140, 175, 205, 220, Economica, 128 223, 230 Edward I, King 25, 30 Fisher, D. J. V., 212 Edward II, King 31, 99 Fisher, F. J., 126 Edward III, King 31, 107, 122 Fisher, H. A. L., 56, 56, 83, 109, 124, Edward VIII, King 22 172, 207 Edwards, J. G., 21, 21, 40, 114, 204 on the whigs 171 and whiggery 105 Fisher, John 65 Edwards, R. Dudley 114, 164 Fitzwalter, Robert 30 Egerton, H. E., 76, 78, 81 Fletcher, C. R. L. 183 Einstein, Albert 197 anti-democrat 183 Eliot, Sir John 19 whig sympathies 109 Eliot, T. S., 57, 103 Foot, M. R. D., 189 Elizabeth I, Queen 31, 36, 42, 89 Fortesecue, Sir John 153 Elliott, J. H, 166 Foucault, Michel 10

240 Index Fox, Charles James, and Butterfield 155, Gregory the Great 56 164, 168 Grey, Sir Edward 83 France 14, 34, 84, 122, 202, 208, 223, 227 Grierson, Philip 141 and Annales, 25, 132, 135, 142, 208 Gross, Charles 34, 34 and French historians 45, 102, 103, 129, Guedalla, Philip 187 132, 231 Gwatkin, H. M., 67, 68, 106 and French revolution 158, 171 Francis, St, 58 Habbakuk, H. J., 135 Frankland, Noble 87, 87 Hale´vy, Elie 150 Freeman, E. A., 6, 19, 20, 22, 23, 29, Haley, K. H. D., 115, 221 30, 93, 99, 107, 111, 170, 177, Hallam, Henry 6, 23, 23, 63, 92, 93, 178, 195 102, 106 Freud, Sigmund 179 Hallam, Herbert 132, 137 Froude, J. A., 23, 42, 45, 50, 52, 53, 55, 59, Halsey, A. H., 67, 204 64, 70, 72, 73, 74–5, 76, 93, 102 Hammond, Barbara 53, 53 and imperial history 74–6 Hammond, J. L., 53, 53 revival of 110 Hammonds as joint authors 83, 132, 146, 172, 177 Galbraith, V. H., 41, 42, 88, 99, 99, 109, Hancock, W. K., 78, 85, 87, 89 120, 141, 205, 210, 220, 230 Hardie, Keir 183 on Stubbs 114 Harlow, Vincent 81 on the IHR, 205 as last imperial whig 81, 90 Gallagher, J., 90 Harrington, Sir James, as Froude’s Gardiner, S. R., 23, 23, 36, 40, 45, 51, 55, model 74 93, 97, 106, 114, 196 Harris, Gerald 62 Gasquet, Aidan 57, 57, 59 Hayek, Friedrich von 109 General Strike 39, 119 Hegel, G. W. F., 25, 84 gentry controversy among early-modern Henry I, King 38, 136 historians 133, 135 Henry II, King 25, 29 George III, King 19, 145, 146, 148, 152, Henry III, King 30 153, 158, 159, 168, 192, 231 Henry IV, King 31, 179 Germanic lands and ‘germ’ theory 26, 48 Henry V, King 31 as exemplar of liberalism 171, 172 Henry VI, King 31, 48 and Hilfswissenschaften, 97 Henry VII, King 31 the Kaiserreich, 105 Henry VIII, King 19, 31, 36, 45, 51, 66 Germany and German historians 45, 53, Hexter, J. H., 135, 191 83, 99, 103, 106, 127, 147–8, 182, Hill, Christopher 113, 179, 181, 190, 191 186, 190, 202, 208, 211, 220 Hilton, Rodney 179, 181, 190 Gibbon, Edward 76, 213 historical audience, revival of 223, 231 Gibbs, Norman 85, 87 Historical Journal, 229 Gladstone, W. E., 28, 49, 51, 75, 76, historiography 13, 14, 45, 52, 111, 112 171, 223 and modernists 12 Glorious Revolution of 1689, 6, 19, 32, History, 206, 214 111, 148 History of Parliament, 44, 143, 159, 213 Gooch, G. P., and Documents on the Origins history-from-below 209, 223 of the War, 84, 173 Hobbes, Thomas 51 Good Parliament (1376), 37, 41, 42 Hobsbawm, Eric 108, 181, 190 Gore, Charles 54 Holdsworth, Sir William 32, 32 Gowing, Professor Margaret 87 Holland Memorial Lecture 54 Graham, Rose 84, 84 Hooker, Richard 49, 89 Grant, A. J., and religion 66 Horn, D. B., 198 Gras, N. S. B., 128 Hoskins, W. G., 133, 133, 137, 138 Green, Alice Stopford 100 House of Lords 22 Green, J. R., 6, 93, 113, 171, 178 Hovell, Mark 103 Green, T. H., 50 Howard, Michael 85, 87 Greene, Graham 57 Hume, David 6

Index 241

Imperial War Museum 84 Lecky, W. E. H., 75, 101 India 71, 74, 75, 77, 192; see also Empire, and his History of England, 144, 145, 147 British Leicester, University of, and local history Industrial Revolution 132, 139 137 Institute of Historical Research, the 107, Levett, Elizabeth 121, 128 106, 205, 206 Levison, Wilhelm 189 international history and ideologies 169 Lewes, battle of (1264), 30 Ireland 75, 192, 206, 224 liberalism, and whigs 6, 51, 53, 85, and eighteenth-century historiography 95, 112 145 and Christian doctrine 188 Irish Historical Studies, 206 and historiography 171 Irving, Edward 45, 46 Liddell Hart, Basil 187, 213 Italy 184, 227 Liebermann, Felix 97, 103 Lingard, John 56 Jacob, E. F., 153, 230 Lipson, Ephraim 128 James I, King 125 Lloyd George, David 39, 79, 106, 174 Jenks, Edward 100 local history 133, 138 Jerome, St, 66 Locke, John 19 Jerrold, D., 56, 56 Lodge, Eleanor 38 John, King 6, 19, 30 Lodge, Richard 38, 38, 121 Stubbs on 29 London School of Economics 78, 122, 125, Joliffe, J. E. A., 19 129, 135, 226 Joslin, David 129 Longmuir, Gavin, on Helen Cam 191 Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 67 Lucas, Sir Charles 77, 81 Joyce, Patrick 228, 228 Ludlow, Edmund 53 Lugard, Sir Frederick 79 Keir, Sir David 19 Keith, A. B., 71, 71, 78, 81 Macaulay, T. B., 6, 7, 8, 13, 15, 23, 36, 51, Kemble, J. M., 27, 28, 93 60, 63, 76, 92, 93, 106, 110, 111, 112, Kenyon, J. P, 51 171, 207, 213, 229 Kerr, Philip 149 MacDonald, Ramsay 180 Kiernan, Victor 190 Madden, Frederick 71 King’s College, London 85 Magna Carta 6, 19, 22, 29, 35, 94, Kinglake, Alexander 82 100, 102 Kingsley, Charles 50 and Empire 70 Kingsley, Mary 73 Magnus, Philip 189 Knowles, Dom David 57, 58, 67, 110, 198 Mahon, Captain 73 Knowles, Lillian 122, 123, 129 Maine, Sir Henry 183 Maitland, F. W., 7, 32, 36, 41, 42, 33, 60, Lamprecht, Karl 103 81, 94, 95, 96, 97, 99, 102, 123, 124, Lancastrians 26, 38 196, 202 and McFarlane 134 critique of Stubbs 33–4 Landes, David 219, 226 on social history 120 Lang, Cosmo 58, 112 whig moments 100 Langton, Stephen 30, 47 Malcolm, General Sir Neill 85 Laprade, W. R., 149 Manchester 38, 98, 99, 101, 103, 106, 140, Lapsley, Gaillard 20, 20, 35 143, 196, 205, 222, 230 Laslett, Peter 130 and Namier 153, 156, 213 Laud, William 58, 63, 68, 170 Mann, Julia 128 and Tawney 54 Manning, Bernard Lord 49, 49 law as social record 123–7 Manning, Henry 57 see also constitutional history; Maitland; Marian Martyrs 51 Stubbs Mark theory 26 League of Nations 83, 84, 169, 173, 175, and Stubbs 27 176, 178, 189 Marriott, J. A. R., 22, 184 Leben Jesu, 50 Marshall, Alfred 125, 127

242 Index Marx and marxism 55, 67, 110, 126, 132, 144, 145, 148–68, 190, 191, 192, 133, 134, 139, 179, 191, 215, 223, 227 200, 202, 207, 212, 220, 221, 223, Matthias, Peter 129 225, 231 Maurice, F. D., 53 personality and background 104 Mawer, Sir Alan 208, 208 as critic of modernism 212–14 May, T. Erskine 145 and history of parliament 140 McFarlane, K. B., 42, 43, 44, 61, 62, 133, on eighteenth-century studies 144 136, 160, 179, 207, 212 on ideology 186–8 McIlwain, C. H., 35 on international history 175, 176 McKechnie, W. S., 94, 100 on Namierism 166, 231 Memoranda de parliamento, 33–4 on method 200 Mendenhall, T., 109 on revolutions of 1848, 187, 191 Methodenstreit, 208 Napoleon 82 Methodism 49, 67, 105 and Butterfield 152, 171, 189 Miller, Edward 138 and Oscar Browning 184 his early Marxism 179 narrative, and the whig tradition 5, 110 Milner, Alfred 73 and Butterfield 44, 92, 115, 148, 215 Mingay, G. E., 126, 131, 138 and postmodernism 228 Model Parliament (1295), 37 Neale 12, 13, 40, 42, 106, 142, modernism, definition and overview 8–10, 160, 184 15–16, 92, 97 and Elton 217, 230 and assaults on truth 170 on Churchill 89 and the audience for history 142 on Hill 191 and backlash against whig tradition Needham, Joseph 201 107–8 New Left Review, 226 modernism running alongside the whig Newman, J. H., 57 sensibility 111–16 Newton, A. P., 80 Butterfield’s criticisms of 163 Norgate, Kate 121, 121 a critique of 211–18 Norman, Edward 64, 64, 167 and factuality 198 Norman Conquest 6 and First World War 119 and Freeman 29, 107 its afterlife 219–32 and Stubbs 29 its methodological destruction of North, Lord, and eighteenth-century whiggery 209–6 politics 157, 158 its methods, approaches and Notestein, Wallace 35, 37, 40, 120, assumptions 194–218 136, 230 its preconditions 221 and English Folk, 88 late-modernism and quantitative and ‘Winning of the Initiative’, 38, 39 models 139 on Bryant 184 and parliamentary history 40, 140 numismatics and Philip Grierson 141 and post-war Empire 89 and Second World War 190 O’Gorman, Frank 152, 165, 166, 168 and truth 202–11 Oakeshott, Michael 11, 197, 209, 201 and war studies 87 Offler, H. S., 231 Modus tenendi Parliamentum, 41 Oman, Charles 97 Montfort, Simon de 19, 30 Otto, George 76 Moody, Theodore 206 Owen, J. B., 161 More, Sir Thomas 59, 65 Owen, S. J., 77 Morton, A. L., 178, 181 Oxford History of England, 64, 67, 114, 211 Muir, Ramsay 106, 176, 176 Oxford Movement in the Church of Murray, Gilbert 172, 176 England 50, 51 Mynors, Roger 220 Oxford University 20, 56, 57, 61, 62, 106, 140, 147, 161, 183, 204, Namier, Julia 153 205, 230 Namier, Lewis 12, 22, 39, 44, 57, 101, and Empire 73, 76, 78, 81, 84 105, 113, 115, 120, 122, 131, 144, and Firth 97

Index 243

Pares, Bernard 106 as an historical method 134, 207 Pares, Richard 90, 159, 166, 177, 179 see also Namier, on Namierism and whig tradition 105 Protestantism 6, 45–69, 53, 56, 59, 61, on Butterfield 159 92, 185 parliament, history of, and Stubbs 27, 29 Prothero, R. E., 99, 195 and American historians 35 Provisions of Oxford (1258), 30, 42 and Elton 36 Public Record Office 33, 99, 210, 223 and Pollard 36 Puritanism 55 and modernists generally 39, 140, 150 Past and Present, 67, 128, 190, 207, 223 Ranke, Leopold von 15, 14, 23, 99, 105, Pelham-Holles, Thomas, Duke of 106, 172, 200 Newcastle 147, 153, 168 Reddaway, W. F., 81 Pelling, Henry 212 Redford, Arthur 128 Penson, Lillian 115, 122, 123 Reformation 50, 59 Perham, Dame Marjory 78, 81, and Coulton 60 123, 123 and Knowles 58 Petrie, Sir Charles 184 religion 45–69, 225 Pickthorn, Kenneth 145, 145 and Empire 72, 79–80, 81 Pirenne, Henri 103, 128, 231 Rhodes, Cecil, and Rhodes scholars 78 Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham 146, 147, Richard I, King 29, 30 148, 161, 168 Richard II, King 31, 43, 122, 231 Plumb, J. H., 116, 155, 179, 225, 229 Richardson, H. G., 19, 40, 41, 94, 114 his Namierism 151, 158 Robinson, Ronald 90 and Trevor-Roper 63 Rogers, Thorold 127 Plummer, Charles 97 Rolls Series 33 Pocock, J. G. A., 166, 224 Roscoe, William 106 Pollard, Albert 35, 35, 37, 39, 40, 42, Rose, J. Holland 80, 107, 108 51, 96, 98, 99, 102, 106, 107, 111, Roskell, John 138, 160 113, 142, 172, 175, 183, 211, 215, Roskill, Stephen 87 220, 230 Round, J. H., 95, 96, 98, 99, 103, 107, and history of parliament 36 195, 207 and IHR, 204–6 Rowse, A. L., 61, 61, 106, 150, 229 and Wolsey 109 Rupp, Gordon 49, 49 as a whig apologist Russell, Conrad 224 Poole, R. L., 103, 195, 205, 206 Russia and Bolshevism 126, 171, 172, 190 Postan, M. M., 64, 104, 122, 122, 126, Russian historians 126 129, 131, 135, 139, 199 Ruville, Albert von 147, 196 postmodernism 8, 9, 115, 195, 215, 217, 220 Salisbury, Lord 75, 77 its impact after 1970, 228 Sayles, G. O., 19, 40, 41, 94, 114, 205 Potter, G. R., 169, 192 Schama, Simon 93, 93, 116, 229 Power, Eileen 12, 119, 122, 123, 128, 135, School of Oriental and African Studies 137, 140, 153, 122, 220 78, 84 Powicke, F. M., 21, 21, 65, 88, 98, 110, science and its relation to modernism 122, 141, 220, 229, 230 195–202 as counter-whig 113 Second World War 65, 66, 81, 110, as whig memorialist 106 152, 170 on totalitarianism 170, 192 and the Butterfield–Namier quarrel Previte´-Orton, Charles 38, 66 154, 156 Proceedings of the British and economic history 126, 129 Academy 206 the Official Histories and 85, 86, 87, 89 professionalization among historians and prevailing ideologies 189, 189, 222 202–11 and Tawney 135 and their lifestyle 222 and views of eighteenth-century party prosopography, and History of 156 Parliament, 160 secularization 69, 188

244 Index Sedgwick, Romney 57, 153, 160, 162, 166 Sykes, Norman 60, 65 Seebohm, Frederick 27, 140 as whig continuator 106 Seeley, J. R., 23, 50, 70, 71, 73–4, 76, 93, Syme, Sir Ronald 143, 207, 207–8 101, 131, 170 and historical science 196 Tait, James 99, 230 Simon, E. D., 174 Talmon, J. L., 151 Skeel, Caroline 38, 121, 121 Tanner, J. R., 19, 38, 124 Skinner, Quentin 228 Tawney, R. H., 122, 125, 125, 128, 139, Smyth, Revd Charles 65, 192 172, 177, 230 social history 120 and Church and State 53–6 its refining of economic analysis 132 and the gentry controversy 133, 135, Stenton and 142 136, 177 as partner of economic history 16, 42, 43, his humanism 131 110, 112, 225 on the agrarian problem 177 socialism, and Tawney 54 on the First World War 102 and the New Left 190 on ‘research’, 204 and historiography generally 176–82 Taylor, A. J. P., 212 and whig interpretation 177 as failed modernist 212, 221, 222, 226 Sombart, Werner 126 Temperley, Harold 81, 108, 109, sources, their role in modernism 11 122, 143, 148, 151, 153, 155 Southern, R. W., 65, 106, 136, 143, 220 and collaboration with Gooch 84, 173 Stanhope, Edward 77 Thatcher, Lady Margaret 200 Starkey, David 93, 94, 229 Third Reich 85, 157, 169, 192 state, the English 67, 69, 85, 107, 168 and Bryant 185 and the Church 45–69, 52, 53, 59 Thirsk, Joan 12, 122, 137, 138, 139 Stenton, Doris 38, 88 Thistlethwaite, Frank 129 Stenton, F. M., 122, 141–2, 159, Thomas, Sir Keith 68, 207 189, 190, 196, 202, 207, 220, Thompson, E. P., 190 221, 222, 223 and The Making of the English Working but anti-whig arguments 107 Class, 133, 191, 223, 225 on modernism 96 Thompson, F. M. L., 133 some whig assumptions 110 Thomson, Mark, on the whigs and Stephen, King 192 Macaulay 115 Stone, Lawrence 136 Titmuss, Richard 87 Strachey, Lytton 15, 61, 61, 82, 103 Tory historiography 182–6, 188 Strafford, Earl of 54, 170 totalitarianism 66, 169–93 Stuart monarchs 32, 41 Tout, T. F., 6, 12, 38, 44, 98, 101, 103, Stubbs, J. W., 114 106, 122, 140, 153, 196, 205, 215, Stubbs, William 6, 7, 10, 13, 14, 19, 22, 220, 221, 222, 223, 230 23–32, 23, 45, 46–8, 53, 64, 65, 66, revising whig positions 107 81, 93, 94, 96, 100, 107, 111, 124, Toynbee, Arnold (1852–83), 53, 53, 126, 171, 194, 208, 219, 232 127, 177 and the Church 46–8 Toynbee, Arnold J. (1889–1975), 66, 79, economic history 125 84, 104, 215 his impact on constitutional history on ‘pattern history’, 215 23–32, 124 Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, as a memory 109, 114 206 and Ranke 99 Trevelyan, G. M., 8, 55, 76, 89, 107, 108, reactions against 32–44 109, 110, 113, 116, 130, 142, 181, ‘the starting point of all historians’, 100 190, 194, 201, 229 and Stenton 141, 142 Butterfield on 152 and war 82 and economic history 127 Suez crisis (1956), 112, 161 ‘great man!’ 115 Sutherland, Dame Lucy 90, 122, 123, 155, on Bryant’s ‘Englishry’ 185 160, 166 on Earl Grey and the 1832 Reform on Namier 200 Act 174

Index 245

on totalitarians 171 Wells, H. G., 195 Plumb on his nadir 225 Weltgeschichte, 112 Trevelyan, G. O., 76, 146 Wernham, R. B., 228 Trevor-Roper, Hugh 63, 63, 68, 113, 136 Westfield College, London 121 and gentry controversy 136 Weston, C. C., 224 on Mancunian style of modernism Wheare, K., 71 230 Wheeler-Bennett, Sir John 85, 189 Tudor monarchs 6, 24, 26, 32, 36, 37, 41, whig interpretation of history, definition 42, 51, 58, 80, 101, 106, 134 and overview 5, 36, 40, 69, 70, 71, 75, Pollard and Neale on 89, 102, 142 76, 79, 81, 130, 170, 202, 216–18 Turberville, A. S., 203 and the 1960s 224 alternative view of internal University College, London 98, 106, dynamics 111 204, 210 and Butterfield’s critique 94, 105 Unwin, George 73, 110 and his sympathies 157 its continuation despite modernism 192 Vansittart, Sir Robert 85 and law 181 Veitch, G. S., 146 and liberal values 171 Vellacott, Paul 105 and Namier 214 Versailles, Treaty of 173, 178, 189, 204 revival of 164 Victoria County History 138 and science 202–4 Vietnam 223 and Second World War 88 Vincent, J. R., 167, 217 and socialism 177 Vinogradoff, Paul 96, 103, 123, and Toryism 185, 186 124, 126 viewed as attenuation 109–12 White, Hayden 227 Walcott, Robert 158 Whitney, J. P., 48, 48, 72, 106 Walker, Eric 90 Wight, Martin 66 Walpole, Robert 145, 147 Wilkinson, Bertie 21 Ward, Adolphus 98, 103, 206 Willey, Basil 179, 197 Wars of the Roses 179 Williams, Basil 147 Waterloo, Battle of 102 Wilson, Charles 129, 174, 189 Watson, George 115 Winstanley, Denys 57, 148 Watson, J. S., 19 Wolsey, Cardinal 109 Waugh, Evelyn 57, 58 women as modernist historians 108, 121 Webb, Beatrice 56, 146 Woodward, E. L., 61, 62, 63, 64, 74, 82, and her husband, Sidney 177 85, 86, 87, 190, 220 Weber, Max 126, 214, 226 Wormald, B. H. G., 93, 93, 94, 143 and Protestant ethic 56 Wormald, Patrick 93, 93 Webster, Sir Charles 122, 174, 184, 174, 210 Wyvill, Christopher 157 on international history 174 Wedgwood, C. V., 142, 229 York Powell, Frederick 206 Wedgwood, Josiah 44, 131, 159, 160 Yorkshire Association and Butterfield’s Weizmann, Chaim 175 sense of party 157 Wellington, Duke of 174 Young, G. M., 189