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Drawing Comparisons

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Drawing Comparisons Drawing Comparisons Research project Author Marie-Clare Boothman Supervisor Dr Chris Exton B.Sc. Digital Media Design Department of Computer Science and Information Systems UNIVERSITY of LIMERICK April 2020 Abstract Title: Drawing Comparisons Author: Marie-Clare Boothman This thesis report presents a research project that investigated how artists interact with Augmented Reality, 3D printed and live physical models in their practice of observational drawing (in an experimental environment), to evaluate their experience of using the three representations as drawing subjects. The evaluation was undertaken using qualitative research methods. Results endorse AR as a favourable tool to support certain aspects of learning drawing and some AR design issues and unique affordances are discussed. i Declaration This final year project is presented in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Digital Media Design. It is entirely my own work and has not been submitted to any other University or higher education institution, or for any other academic award in this University. Where there has been use made of the work of other people it has been fully acknowledged and fully referenced. ……………………………………………………….. Marie-Clare Boothman 28 April 2020 ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Chris Exton, for his guidance and for allowing me the freedom to explore and develop this research in the context of this final year project. I also extend my gratitude to Dr. Nora O Murchú for accepting me on the course in 2016 and to my course director Dr. Gabriela Avram for her support and inspiration. Many thanks to Patricia Moriarty of the University Limerick Arts office for kindly providing Dromroe Village Hall as the venue for the drawing workshop. Thanks also to Ger Walsh of FabLab Limerick for his expertise and assistance while I was working on this project in the FabLab. Thanks also to my family, including my three daughters for their encouragement and confidence in me that I would accomplish my degree goal. Thank you to my mother for her love and support. Thanks also to my friends at the Limerick Figure Drawing Society and to Alison for the gift of the mannequin for the pilot study. Finally, I am grateful for the work of researchers who are acknowledged in the reference sections. iii Table of Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... i Declaration ................................................................................................................................. ii Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................. iii Table of Contents ................................................................................................................... iv Table of Figures ........................................................................................................................ v 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Motivation ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Ulterior motive ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Objectives ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.3.1 Project plan ........................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Research Questions ....................................................................................................... 4 1.4.1 Does the AR subject work as well as the real? ............................................. 4 1.4.2 Does AR help people to learn skills? ............................................................... 4 1.4.3 Are humans centre stage in AR design? ......................................................... 5 1.4.4 Overview of the structure of the thesis. ........................................................ 5 2. Literature Review ................................................................................................................ 5 2.1 Drawing ............................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 Qualitative research ....................................................................................................... 7 3. Preparation for the Investigation ..................................................................................... 8 3.1 3D Printing ....................................................................................................................... 8 3.1.1 Fab Lab Sept 14.................................................................................................... 8 3.1.2 Fab Lab Sept 25.................................................................................................... 9 3.1.3 Fab Lab Oct 10 ................................................................................................... 10 3.1.4 Fab Lab Dec 12 .................................................................................................. 11 3.1.5 Fab Lab Dec 13 .................................................................................................. 12 3.1.6 Fab Lab Jan 9 ...................................................................................................... 12 3.2 Photogrammetry .......................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Augmented Reality ...................................................................................................... 14 3.3.1 Journey map of participant in Aryzon AR Studio App. ............................. 16 3.4 Phenomenology ........................................................................................................... 18 4. Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 18 4.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................... 18 4.2 Workshop Design ........................................................................................................ 19 4.3 Focus Group Design ................................................................................................... 20 4.4 Participants ................................................................................................................... 21 iv 4.5 Equipment and Materials ........................................................................................... 22 4.5.1 Workshop equipment and materials ............................................................. 22 4.5.2 Focus group equipment and equipment ...................................................... 23 4.6 Comparisons ................................................................................................................. 23 4.7 Procedure ...................................................................................................................... 23 4.7.1 Interacting with and instructing the participants ....................................... 23 4.7.2 Counterbalancing carryover effects .............................................................. 24 4.7.3 The Workshop .................................................................................................... 25 4.7.4 Reflexivity ............................................................................................................ 25 4.7.5 Ethical considerations ....................................................................................... 25 4.7.6 Confidentiality and storage of collected data ............................................. 26 4.7.7 Analysis of the drawings .................................................................................. 26 5. Results ................................................................................................................................. 27 5.1 Describing the data ..................................................................................................... 27 5.1.1 The artworks ....................................................................................................... 27 5.2 Organising the data ..................................................................................................... 30 5.3 Analysing the data: ...................................................................................................... 31 5.4 Findings from the observation notes ...................................................................... 32 5.4.1 Onboarding .......................................................................................................... 32 5.4.2 Registration and behaviour of AR model ..................................................... 32 5.4.3 Usability ................................................................................................................ 32 5.4.4 Presence ..............................................................................................................
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