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Chapter Summaries 44–51, No Summaries Written by Wallace 52 (Winter)
page 1 Story of the Stone Highlights & Chapter Comments, chpts 1-43 created for SAA Fall 2009, John R Wallace Overview The 80 chapters of The Story of the Stone that we will read has about 30 major characters and several hundred minor characters. This level of detail can be difficult for the first-time (or even second-, third-time) reader to sort out. One reason for this, beyond the obvious information deluge, is the similar emphasis placed on both minor and major characters and events. Another reason is that characters are referred to by more than one name, and the names themselves are similar. (Some of the sameness in names is wordplay, to bond certain characters together.) These notes are meant to help identify characters and events close to the main narrative lines. In my opinion the three strongest storylines in this novel are: The changes that the tempestuous but empathetic Jia Bao-yu undergoes over the course of his life, beginning at about age 12. The romantic triangle of Jia Bao-yu and two women: the tearful, brilliant Lin Dai-yu and the charming, proper Xue Bao-chai. Wang Xi-feng’s charismatic personality, capable management skills, corruption and fate. All of these events occur in the context of a powerful house of declining fortunes, Confucian values that are definitely frayed around the edges, and a Buddhist (-Daoist) perspective that problematizes what should be taken as the Real. There is definitely reading pleasure in keeping these three stories in mind. However, just enjoying the small sub-stories, the many detailed descriptions, the wordplay, and so on, is without a doubt a major pleasure in reading this story. -
Dreams of Timeless Beauties: a Deconstruction of the Twelve Beauties of Jinling in Dream of the Red Chamber and an Analysis of Their Image in Modern Adaptations
Dreams of Timeless Beauties: A Deconstruction of the Twelve Beauties of Jinling in Dream of the Red Chamber and an Analysis of Their Image in Modern Adaptations Xiaolu (Sasha) Han Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Prerequisite for Honors in East Asian Studies April 2014 ©2014 Xiaolu (Sasha) Han Acknowledgements First of all, I thank Professor Ellen Widmer not only for her guidance and encouragement throughout this thesis process, but also for her support throughout my time here at Wellesley. Without her endless patience this study would have not been possible and I am forever grateful to be one of her advisees. I would also like to thank the Wellesley College East Asian Studies Department for giving me the opportunity to take on such a project and for challenging me to expand my horizons each and every day Sincerest thanks to my sisters away from home, Amy, Irene, Cristina, and Beatriz, for the many late night snacks, funny notes, and general reassurance during hard times. I would also like to thank Joe for never losing faith in my abilities and helping me stay motivated. Finally, many thanks to my family and friends back home. Your continued support through all of my endeavors and your ability to endure the seemingly endless thesis rambles has been invaluable to this experience. Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 1: THE PAIRING OF WOOD AND GOLD Lin Daiyu ................................................................................................. -
Private Life and Social Commentary in the Honglou Meng
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Honors Program in History (Senior Honors Theses) Department of History March 2007 Authorial Disputes: Private Life and Social Commentary in the Honglou meng Carina Wells [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/hist_honors Wells, Carina, "Authorial Disputes: Private Life and Social Commentary in the Honglou meng" (2007). Honors Program in History (Senior Honors Theses). 6. https://repository.upenn.edu/hist_honors/6 A Senior Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Honors in History. Faculty Advisor: Siyen Fei This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/hist_honors/6 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authorial Disputes: Private Life and Social Commentary in the Honglou meng Comments A Senior Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Honors in History. Faculty Advisor: Siyen Fei This thesis or dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https://repository.upenn.edu/hist_honors/6 University of Pennsylvania Authorial Disputes: Private Life and Social Commentary in the Honglou meng A senior thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in History by Carina L. Wells Philadelphia, PA March 23, 2003 Faculty Advisor: Siyen Fei Honors Director: Julia Rudolph Contents Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………...i Explanatory Note…………………………………………………………………………iv Dynasties and Periods……………………………………………………………………..v Selected Reign -
John Zijiang Ding
MYSTICAL SYMBOLISM AND DIALETHEIST COGNITIVISM: THE TRANSFORMATION OF TRUTH- FALSEHOOD (ZHEN-JIA) John Zijiang Ding Abstract: One of the central philosophical issues is the problem of Truth-Falsehood (Zhen-Jia) in A Dream of Red Mansions. We may find three positions in this book: The first is “Truth” (Zhen) which also means “Being,” “Reality,” “Existence,” “Physical and Materialistic Substance,” and “Actual Social affairs”; the second is “Falsehood” (Jia) which means “Non-Being,” “Emptiness,” “Nothingness,” “Nihility,” “Illusory Fiction,” and “Spiritual and Mental Activities;” and the third is “Truth-Falsehood” (Zhen-Jia). The third can be considered “Transformation of Truth and Falsehood,” which has the following four attributes in this book: 1) Unification of truth and falsehood; 2) Interrelation of truth and falsehood; 3) Interaction of truth and falsehood; 4) Inter-substitution of truth and falsehood. The transformation of Truth-Falsehood (Zhen-Jia) in this book can be considered a sort of spiritual transformation which is recognized within the context of an individual self-consciousness, or an individual's meaning system, especially in relation to the concepts of the sacred or ultimate concern. In this article, the author will discuss this theme by explaining and examining the relationship and transformation of “Truth” and “falsehood” through the following three perspectives: traditional Chinese glyphomancy, dialetheism and fatalism. A Dream of Red Mansions――HONG LOU MENG 紅樓夢 is one of the four greatest Chinese classic novels. 1 It may be proper to justify that to understand China, one must read this great work because of its tremendous influence on Chinese literary history. Importantly, the study of this novel has become as popular and prolific as the works of Shakespeare or Goethe. -
Translating Culture-Specific Elements in Names in Hong Lou Meng: a Comparison of the Story of the Stone and the Dream of Red Mansion
English Language and Literature Studies; Vol. 7, No. 1; 2017 ISSN 1925-4768 E-ISSN 1925-4776 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education Translating Culture-specific Elements in Names in Hong Lou Meng: A Comparison of The Story of the Stone and The Dream of Red Mansion Ting Wang1 & Jiafeng Liu1 1 School of Foreign Languages, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, China Correspondence: Jiafeng Liu, School of Foreign Languages, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, China. E-mail: [email protected] Received: January 10, 2017 Accepted: February 3, 2017 Online Published: February 8, 2017 doi:10.5539/ells.v7n1p51 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ells.v7n1p51 This paper is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Southwest University for Nationalities (Grant No. CX2015SP153). Abstract The names of the characters in Hong Lou Meng, crafted to indicate both the development of the storyline and the characteristics of the characters, contain abundant culture-specific elements, which make them difficult to render into English. On the basis of a systematic study on the original work and its two unabridged translations of Hong Lou Meng, the culture-specific elements in the original names are categorized into the following three: Chinese naming, Chinese family hierarchy and Chinese Character. Three strategies on compensation for the lost culture-specific elements are found to be employed at different levels in the two translations, including on-line compensation, off-line compensation and zero compensation. The strategy of on-line compensation involves semantic translation plus transliteration and annotation in text. Off-line compensation includes note of Chinese spelling, annotation out of text, interpretation of characters’ names in introduction, note ofcharacters’ names in appendix, introduction of characters in appendix and dendrogram of genealogy; Zero compensation includes transliteration, omission, transfer, substitution and literal translation. -
Toward a Maoist Dream of the Red Chamber: Or, How Baoyu and Daiyu Became Rebels Against Feudalism
Journal of chinese humanities 3 (���7) �77-�0� brill.com/joch Toward a Maoist Dream of the Red Chamber: Or, How Baoyu and Daiyu Became Rebels Against Feudalism Johannes Kaminski Postdoctoral Researcher, Academia Sinica, Taiwan [email protected] Abstract Mao Zedong’s views on literature were enigmatic: although he coerced writers into “learning the language of the masses,” he made no secret of his own enthusiasm for Dream of the Red Chamber, a novel written during the Qing dynasty. In 1954 this para- dox appeared to be resolved when Li Xifan and Lan Ling presented an interpretation that saw the tragic love story as a manifestation of class struggle. Ever since, the conception of Baoyu and Daiyu as class warriors has become a powerful and unques- tioned cliché of Chinese literary criticism. Endowing aristocratic protagonists with revolutionary grandeur, however, violates a basic principle of Marxist orthodoxy. This article examines the reasons behind this position: on the one hand, Mao’s support for Li and Lan’s approach acts as a reminder of his early journalistic agitation against arranged marriage and the social ills it engenders. On the other hand, it offers evidence of Mao’s increasingly ambiguous conception of class. Keywords class struggle – Dream of the Red Chamber – Hong Lou Meng – Mao Zedong – On Contradiction literature * I am grateful to the Academia Sinica in Taipei, in particular to the Department of Chinese Literature and Philosophy. Dr. Peng Hsiao-yen’s intellectual and moral support facilitated the research work that went -
Shanghai and the Chinese Utopia in the Early 20Th Century As Presented in “The New Story of the Stone”
World Literature Studies 2 . vol. 13 . 2021 (19 – 32) ŠTÚDIE / ARTIclEs shanghai and the chinese utopia in the early 20th century as presented in “the new story of the stone” YiPinG WANG – PinG zHu DOI: https://doi.org/10.31577/WLS.2021.13.2.2 The novel The New Story of the Stone (新石头记, Xinshitouji [1908] 2016) by Wu Jianren (1866–1910) is one of the most representative utopian works of the late Qing dynasty (1840–1912) at which time China saw unprecedented fundamental social changes. After 1840, China underwent violent internal and external politi- cal, economic and military upheavals, and the late Qing government went through a series of major crises and reforms: the two Opium Wars (1840, 1856), the signing of the Treaty of Nanking (1842), the Taiping Rebellion (1850–1864), the Westerniza- tion Movement (1861), the Sino-French War (1883–1885), the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894–1895, the Hundred Days’ Reform of 1898, the Boxer Movement (1900), and many more. Eventually, in 1912, the Qing Dynasty collapsed as the last Chinese dynasty and the Republic of China came into being, ushering in a new era in China. In this period, “the Chinese intellectual framework seemed suddenly inadequate and incompatible with modern global politics” (Isaacson 2017, 9), and the Chinese intel- ligentsia had to look to the outside and the future for further and wider explorations. The New Story of the Stone came out first in a series in The Southern Gazette (南方 报, Nanfang bao) in 1905 and was published in a single volume in 1908, rightfully serving as a reflection of the radical changes of a period that linked the past as well as the future. -
The Eye and the Mirror: Visual Subjectivity in Chinese and American Literary Representations
THE EYE AND THE MIRROR: VISUAL SUBJECTIVITY IN CHINESE AND AMERICAN LITERARY REPRESENTATIONS by Guozhong Duan APPROVED BY SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: ___________________________________________ Ming Dong Gu, Chair ___________________________________________ David F. Channell ___________________________________________ Peter K. J. Park ___________________________________________ Dennis Walsh Copyright 2017 Guozhong Duan All Rights Reserved THE EYE AND THE MIRROR: VISUAL SUBJECTIVITY IN CHINESE AND AMERICAN LITERARY REPRESENTATIONS by GUOZHONG DUAN, MA DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of The University of Texas at Dallas in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HUMANITIES—STUDIES IN LITERATURE THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS May 2017 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My sincerest gratitude first goes to Professor Ming Dong Gu, my supervisor, for his years of instructions and inspirations. This dissertation would not have been possible without the help from his insights and expertise in comparative literary studies and intellectual thoughts. His courses have introduced me to the interdisciplinary field of psychoanalysis, visual culture, and literary criticism, and have enabled me to conduct literary studies with a broader horizon. In addition to his help in academic training, his earnest attitude towards scholarship and persistent devotion to intellectual investigation have been and will be encouraging me in my own study. Professor David F. Channell’s course on space, time, and culture has provided me with knowledge of the Western intellectual history that is of great importance to my current comparative study. Professor Peter K. J. Park guided me through my field exams, for which he spent many afternoons with me on face-to-face instructions. His course on historiography of the European Enlightenment is an eye-opening experience for me and has initiated my interest in the history of ideas. -
Character Names (Adapted from Wiki)
Character names (adapted from Wiki) Baoyu and Jinling's Twelve Beauties ▪ Bao-yu Jia Baoyu (simplified Chinese: ;贾宝玉 traditional Chinese: 賈寶玉; pinyin: Jiǎ Bǎo yù ; Wade–Giles: Chia Pao-yu, Meaning: Precious Jade) ▪ Dai-yu, Frowner Lin Daiyu (Chinese: 林黛玉; pinyin: Lín Dài yù ; Wade– Giles: Lin Tai-yu, Meaning: Black Jade) ▪ Bao-chai Xue Baochai (simplified Chinese: 薛宝;钗 traditional Chinese: 薛寶 釵; pinyin: Xuē Bǎo chāi ; Wade–Giles: Hsueh Pao-chai, Meaning: Precious Virtue) ▪ The "Three Springs" — ▪ Yuan-chun, Her Grace, Imperial Concubine Jia Yuanchun (simplified Chinese: ;贾元春 traditional Chinese: 賈元春; pinyin: Jiǎ Yuán chūn ; Wade–Giles: Chia Yuan-chun, Meaning: First of Spring) ▪ Tan-chun Jia Tanchun (simplified Chinese: ;贾探春 traditional Chinese: 賈探春; pinyin: Jiǎ chūn ; Wade–Giles: Chia Tan-chun, Meaning: Quest of Spring) ▪ Ying-chun Jia Yingchun (simplified Chinese: ;贾迎春 traditional Chinese: 賈迎春; pinyin: Jiǎ Yíng chūn ; Wade–Giles: Chia Ying-chun, Meaning: Welcome Spring) ▪ Xiang-yun Shi Xiangyun (simplified Chinese: 史湘云; traditional Chinese: 史 湘雲; pinyin: Shǐ Xiāng yún ; Wade–Giles: Shih Hsiang-yun, Meaning: Xiang River Mist) ▪ Adamantina Miaoyu (Chinese: 妙玉; pinyin: Miào yù ; Wade–Giles: Miao-yu, Meaning: Wonderful/Clever Jade) ▪ Xi-chun Jia Xichun (simplified Chinese: ;贾惜春 traditional Chinese: 賈惜春; pinyin: Jiǎ Xī chūn ; Wade–Giles: Chia Hsi-chun, Meaning: Compassion Spring) ▪ Xi-feng, Feng, Mrs Lian, Peppercorn Wang Xifeng (simplified Chinese: 王熙;凤 traditional Chinese: 王熙鳳; pinyin: Wáng Xī fèng ; W ade– Giles: Wang Hsi-feng, Meaning: Splendid -
Narrations of Personality Disorders in a Famous
f Ps al o ych rn ia u tr o y J Fan et al., J Psychiatry 2018, 21:2 Journal of Psychiatry DOI: 10.4172/2378-5756.1000440 ISSN: 2378-5756 Research Article OpenOpen Access Access Narrations of Personality Disorders in a Famous Chinese Novel of the Eighteenth Century - A Dream of Red Mansions Hongying Fan, Wanzhen Chen, Chanchan Shen, Yanhua Qin, Junpeng Zhu, You Xu, Qianqian Gao and Wei Wang* Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China Abstract Background: Traditional Chinese culture, such as the paternalism, male dominance and collectivism, contribute to normal and disordered personality traits, and the influence might be traced back to an ancient epoch. As a compendium of Chinese culture, the novel, A Dream of Red Mansions (up to first 80 chapters) written in the 18th century, might be a vector of these traces. Methods: We selected and voted on the personality-descriptive terms (adjective)/phrases, and sentences/ paragraphs in the novel, and compared them with the dimensional classification criteria of Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-Version 5. Results: Some characters in the novel, Jia Baoyu, Wang Xifeng, Lin Daiyu, Xue Baochai, Xue Pan, Jia Yucun, Concubine Zhao, Jia Rui, Miaoyu, and Jia Jing, with their impairments in personality functioning and pathological traits, might be diagnosed as antisocial, borderline, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, or schizotypal personality disorder, or a trait-specified. In each character, the personality disorders or traits had their family, societal and religious (Taoism or Buddhism) connections. -
CHT 4111, “The Chinese Novel: Dream of the Red Chamber”
CHT 4111, “The Chinese Novel: Dream of the Red Chamber” 3 credits (H, I); 4 units of Gordon Rule (Composition)** Department of African and Asian Languages and Literatures Contents CHT 4111 explores the social and intellectual culture of traditional China through a 120- chapter novel known variously as Dream of the Red Chamber and Story of the Stone. Conceived and substantially completed by Cao Xueqin (c. 1724-1764), the novel is believed to reflect the author’s own upbringing in an eminent family that enjoyed close ties with the Manchu rulers of the last dynasty, the Qing. The Dream is generally considered the finest masterpiece of traditional Chinese fiction, and is also China’s first psychologically penetrating novel. The story opens upon an otherworldly plane in which a karmic bond between its principal figures—the divine “Stone-in-Waiting” and the “Crimson Pearl Flower”—is established before they are born as cousins (named Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu) into aristocratic households of the mortal world. An eccentric Buddhist monk and Daoist monk roam between the supernatural realm and the “red dust” of earthlings to assist these and other worthy persons to become aware of their original and “true” identities. For many generations of readers, the novel’s most absorbing theme is the romance between Baoyu and Daiyu. The unfolding intensity of their relationship draws much of its poignancy, however, from the powerfully told chronicle of the Jia clan’s decline, and the cousins’ youthful resistance to the family’s corruption and oppressively patriarchal values. The Dream’s scope includes characters from virtually every class and profession (maids- in-waiting, stewards, gardeners, cooks, nuns, actors, officials, members of the imperial family, gamblers, thieves, etc.). -
The Transformation of Truth-Falsehood
MYSTICAL SYMBOLISM AND DIALETHEIST COGNITIVISM: THE TRANSFORMATION OF TRUTH- FALSEHOOD (ZHEN-JIA) John Zijiang Ding Abstract: One of the central philosophical issues is the problem of Truth-Falsehood (Zhen-Jia) in A Dream of Red Mansions. We may find three positions in this book: The first is “Truth” (Zhen) which also means “Being,” “Reality,” “Existence,” “Physical and Materialistic Substance,” and “Actual Social affairs”; the second is “Falsehood” (Jia) which means “Non-Being,” “Emptiness,” “Nothingness,” “Nihility,” “Illusory Fiction,” and “Spiritual and Mental Activities;” and the third is “Truth-Falsehood” (Zhen-Jia). The third can be considered “Transformation of Truth and Falsehood,” which has the following four attributes in this book: 1) Unification of truth and falsehood; 2) Interrelation of truth and falsehood; 3) Interaction of truth and falsehood; 4) Inter-substitution of truth and falsehood. The transformation of Truth-Falsehood (Zhen-Jia) in this book can be considered a sort of spiritual transformation which is recognized within the context of an individual self-consciousness, or an individual's meaning system, especially in relation to the concepts of the sacred or ultimate concern. In this article, the author will discuss this theme by explaining and examining the relationship and transformation of “Truth” and “falsehood” through the following three perspectives: traditional Chinese glyphomancy, dialetheism and fatalism. A Dream of Red Mansions――HONG LOU MENG 紅樓夢 is one of the four greatest Chinese classic novels. 1 It may be proper to justify that to understand China, one must read this great work because of its tremendous influence on Chinese literary history. Importantly, the study of this novel has become as popular and prolific as the works of Shakespeare or Goethe.